504:, arrived with arms and supplies for the Royalists and when it became apparent that Clausel was not going to negotiate, Palmer and Aylmer decided to try and open a line of communication with the Royalist supporters directly. The initial plan was to enter the river on 11 July 1815 but the attempt was postponed when five vessels were spotted making out to sea and the British were obliged to pursue them. Later that night, after discovering that the ships had sailed in response to the recent lifting of an embargo, the British re-assembled to await favourable winds and tide. On 13 July, the small squadron comprising
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710:, could she bring her guns to bear. The bombardment continued until 22:00 when Pellew ordered a withdrawal which, owing to the light winds and damage incurred by much of the fleet, took almost four hours to complete. By this time, most of the Algerian guns had been silenced, parts of the city were in flame and much of the shipping in the harbour was destroyed. Aylmer's crew suffered three dead and 34 wounded in the action. Total British losses were 128 killed and 690 wounded. The Dutch had 13 killed and 52 wounded. Accounts of the Algerian losses vary between 4,000 and 7,000 dead and wounded.
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place which culminated in the dey agreeing to the release of 1200 Christian slaves into
British custody, an undertaking to abolish the practice of slavery, the repayment of 382,500 dollars to Naples and Sicily, peace with the king of the Netherlands, compensation amounting to 30,000 dollars for the destruction of the British consul's property, together with a public apology for detaining him.
537:
Aylmer thought it prudent to destroy all enemy forts and guns within range of the river in order to secure a line of retreat, and so set about putting the batteries of Royan out of action. This was not popular with the town's residents but they were pacified by the two French nobles, the Compte de la
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was charged with destroying. Spreading south, along the coast, were a number of other batteries and, on the opposite side of the bay, facing the harbour entrance, a fort. These coastal defences mounted a further 60 to 70 guns. Inland, on the areas of higher ground stood various other batteries and a
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was selected to tow a boat closer in, from where a delegate with a list of demands would then be rowed ashore. The demands included the abolition of
Christian slavery, the release of all Christian slaves and the repayment of the money recently taken to secure the liberty of Neopolitan and Sardinian
610:
and the fleet was given a detailed plan of action and information regarding the city's defences. The city was shown to be heavily defended with more than 1,000 guns. The harbour wall alone was mounting more than 220 guns, the vast majority being between 18 and 32-pounders. The harbour entrance was
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At dawn, Burgess was sent back to repeat the demands. He was met by an
Algerian frigate captain who claimed that an answer had been sent the previous day but no one was found to receive it, and that the dey was ready to agree terms. On the afternoon of 29 August the first of several meetings took
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concentrating her fire on the largest at the fish market. The smaller vessels were expected to take up position where convenient, except the bomb ketches which targeted the harbour and town from some 2,000 yards out. The Dutch squadron was sent against the batteries to the south of the city. By
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having destroyed the forts of Verdon, Royan de Lousac and Miche, and 70 other pieces of artillery along the mouth of the estuary. When the
British arrived at Castillon, Aylmer received a communication from Clausel notifying him of an armistice. Palmer, who had sailed directly to Bordeaux in
412:, landed on the beach west of town, which they then took without loss. The allies held the town for three days against a force of 700 to 800 French troops before retiring on 8 July, after putting around 150 of the enemy out of action, and destroying the guns of the forts at Santoña and
641:, whose captain, William Dashwood, was able to confirm that Pellew's intelligence was accurate. Having been forced to tack against contrary winds for much of the remaining journey, the fleet did not come within sight of the city until dawn on 27 August. Aylmer's ship,
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Tour and Baron de
Montalembert, who were aiding the British with their mission. During the night, the Republican troops abandoned the fort at Verdon enabling the British to dismantle it the following day. On the 16th, the British sailed further up the river towards
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further fort. The northern side of the city was not so well defended with fewer than a hundred cannon but the depth of water on this side made an approach impossible. The harbour itself contained four heavy frigates, five large
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anchored close to a shore battery and opened fire. The water was too shallow for the other ships to lend their support, and the brig was recalled after two men were killed and twelve more injured. On 11 August,
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for transporting freed
Italian slaves to Naples together with the sum of money repaid by the Algerians. Spain also honoured him as a knight of the royal military order of St Fernando.
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came inshore as close as the depth of water would allow and discharged their guns. The town was forced to evacuate, and after inflicting much damage the
British squadron sailed off.
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did open fire, the
British did not retaliate and after anchoring, a delegation, headed by the Comte de Lasteur, was sent to once again try and establish contact with Clausel while
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237:, the grandson of Captain Henry Aylmer and cousin to Admiral John Aylmer. Fredrick's father was Sir Henry Aylmer, 4th Lord Aylmer and his mother was Catharine Whitworth.
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169:, eventually rising to the rank of admiral. He was born on 12 October 1777 in Twyford, Hampshire, into a naval family which included his great-great-grandfather,
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guarded by another three batteries to the southwest, the largest being the Fish Market battery of 15 guns in three tiers, and it was this battery that Aylmer in
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the following July. In an attempt to draw French troops from the country’s interior; 500 Spanish soldiers and a battalion of
British seamen and marines from
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which was sent off with despatches, set sail for the port of
Algiers. In the evening of 16 August 200 miles from its destination, the fleet encountered HMS
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457:. On 9 August, after the town was shown to be manufacturing arms and assisting in the destruction of British ships off the coast of New London, the brig,
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Having been promised a reply within two hours, and having still not received one by 14:00, the British delegate, Lieutenant Burgess, returned to
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in reserve on 8 January 1848 and in full on 1 July 1851. He received a good service pension from 1 July 1851 and a Knight Commander of the
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who gave an undertaking that the town’s guns would not fire upon them, providing the courtesy was reciprocated. Although the fort at
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Born in Twyford, near Winchester in Hampshire on 12 October 1777, Fredrick Whitworth Aylmer was the great-great-grandson of Admiral
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in July 1815, as part of a wider British strategy to rally French royalists against Napoleon. In 1816, commanding the heavy frigate
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Aylmer joined the navy shortly after his thirteenth birthday, as a captain's servant to John Manley, on board the 32-gun frigate,
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and Pellew then gave the order for the fleet to take up position. Pellew's ship, Queen Charlotte, anchored at the head of the
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at 12.00 on 28 July. On 9 August they arrived off Gibraltar where they joined a Dutch squadron of five frigates and a
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In January 1802, following a protracted period of shore leave, Aylmer returned to the Mediterranean, joining
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Plan showing the fortifications of Algiers and the position of the Anglo-Dutch fleet during the bombardment
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and between 30 and 40 smaller armed vessels, and 40,000 extra men had been brought in to protect the city.
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Late morning, the following day, the wind was favourable and the Anglo-Dutch force, minus the 10-gun
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on 18 May 1805 but was not given a command until 1809 when he was appointed to the 32-gun frigate
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on 11 September 1854 and died at his home, 20 Dawson Place, Westbourne Grove, on 5 March 1858.
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on the Irish station in 1794. Promoted to lieutenant in December 1796, Aylmer transferred to
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had been so badly shot up, she was unable to keep station and only by running a cable to
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Aylmer went to sea at thirteen years of age, and in 1798, as a lieutenant, served aboard
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British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates
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and almost immediately came under fire. The remaining four British battleships,
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Aylmer is primarily known as the commander of the force that penetrated the
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and employed in the Channel under Lord Gambier. In January-February 1810
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253:(centre of the picture) at the Battle of the Nile, as the French ship,
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recaptured two merchant vessels, and captured two French privateers,
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the following January, and sailed to the Mediterranean under Captain
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In July 1815, Aylmer commanded a small force which sailed up the
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In September 1813, Aylmer was appointed to the newly constructed
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engaged the guns on the harbour wall while the three frigates,
547:, arrived on 22 July to find the city under the Bourbon flag.
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Aylmer had an important role in a combined operation against
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In February 1816, Aylmer was given command of the 38-gun,
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Royal Navy personnel of the Bombardment of Algiers (1816)
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The Naval History of Great Britain, Volume VI, 1811–1827
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The Naval History of Great Britain, Volume II, 1797–1799
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Between 1830 and 1837, Aylmer served as aide-de-camp to
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Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
195:, where he took part in raids on the north coast of
737:. He was made a rear-admiral on 10 January 1837, a
453:and herself, which took part in the bombardment of
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1267:British naval commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
587:by an Anglo-Dutch force. A British fleet under
157:(12 October 1777 – 5 March 1858) was a British
512:, each with a transport in tow, together with
191:and in 1809 was appointed to a frigate in the
745:, on 5 July 1855. Aylmer reached the rank of
225:and the royal military order of St Fernando.
583:and on 27 August took part in the attack on
311:on 1 August 1798. Later, during the battle,
307:, that first discovered the French fleet in
155:Frederick Whitworth Aylmer, 6th Baron Aylmer
1292:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
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808:. 13 February 1810. pp. 234–235.
140:Order of Saint Ferdinand and of Merit
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717:For his services, Aylmer was made a
565:Bombardment of Algiers, painting by
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697:attacked the shore batteries, with
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144:Knight Commander, Order of the Bath
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1302:People from the City of Winchester
719:Companion of the Order of the Bath
530:was sent home with dispatches for
219:Companion of the Order of the Bath
31:Frederick Whitworth William Aylmer
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1151:. London: Conway Maritime Press.
1129:. London: Conway Maritime Press.
1277:Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery
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957:. 12 August 1815. p. 1643.
876:. 12 August 1815. p. 1644.
851:. 1 October 1814. p. 1963.
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1189:. London: Chatham Publishing.
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937:. 25 July 1815. p. 1514.
899:. 25 July 1815. p. 1513.
828:. 24 July 1810. p. 1097.
789:James (Vol. II, pp.169 – 170)
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557:Bombardment of Algiers (1816)
331:caught alight and exploded.
327:, and fired into both until
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352:, in another 18-gun sloop,
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1187:Who's Who in Nelson's Navy
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433:Sir Thomas Masterman Hardy
213:, Aylmer took part in the
161:officer who fought in the
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1185:Tracy, Nicholas (2006).
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455:Stonington, Connecticut
1166:Winfield, Rif (2008).
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603:arrived in the 18-gun
574:Endymion-class frigate
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215:Bombardment of Algiers
171:Admiral Matthew Aylmer
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221:, the royal order of
116:Years of service
71:Kensal Green Cemetery
1170:. London: Seaforth.
1108:James (Vol.VI p.409)
1099:James (Vol.VI p.408)
1090:James (Vol.VI p.407)
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1002:James (Vol.VI p.399)
993:James (Vol.VI p.398)
300:, in the company of
1262:Royal Navy admirals
187:. In 1805, he made
1208:Peerage of Ireland
954:The London Gazette
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896:The London Gazette
873:The London Gazette
848:The London Gazette
825:The London Gazette
805:The London Gazette
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294:Battle of the Nile
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185:Battle of the Nile
137:Turkish Gold Medal
42:Twyford, Hampshire
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1177:978-1-86176-246-7
743:Order of the Bath
384:Aimable Joséphine
315:anchored between
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383:
377:
372:
367:
361:Aylmer made
360:
354:
340:
336:Lord Keith's
333:
328:
323:
317:
312:
303:
297:
284:
277:
266:
262:
255:
250:
232:
209:
201:
179:
175:
154:
150:
54:(1858-03-05)
52:5 March 1858
15:
1257:1858 deaths
1252:1777 births
949:"No. 17050"
929:"No. 17044"
891:"No. 17044"
868:"No. 17050"
843:"No. 16941"
820:"No. 16390"
800:"No. 16342"
702:19:00, HMS
678:Impregnable
567:Thomas Luny
474:The Gironde
435:comprising
309:Aboukir Bay
1246:Categories
1228:1850–1858
753:References
735:William IV
639:Prometheus
532:Lord Keith
159:Royal Navy
110:Royal Navy
79:Allegiance
28:Birth name
1147:(2002) .
1125:(2002) .
618:corvettes
607:Satelitte
540:Castillon
464:Ramillies
438:Ramillies
396:Narcissus
373:Narcissus
368:Narcissus
313:Swiftsure
304:Alexander
298:Swiftsure
296:. It was
285:Swiftsure
270:, in the
259:explodes.
251:Swiftsure
180:Swiftsure
119:1790–1858
44:, England
646:slaves.
597:corvette
593:Plymouth
528:Falmouth
515:Falmouth
506:Pactolus
488:Pactolus
484:Bordeaux
468:Pactolus
459:Dispatch
444:Dispatch
428:Pactolus
409:Arethusa
324:Franklin
165:and the
96:Service/
747:admiral
704:Leander
694:Leander
684:Glasgow
585:Algiers
551:Algiers
480:Gironde
392:Santoña
341:Delight
272:Channel
204:Gironde
193:channel
183:at the
152:Admiral
128:Admiral
1193:
1174:
1155:
1133:
708:Severn
699:Severn
689:Severn
672:Albion
666:Minden
660:Superb
651:Severn
643:Severn
634:Jasper
613:Severn
580:Severn
545:Hebrus
524:Verdon
510:Hebrus
497:Hebrus
450:Terror
414:Laredo
402:Amazon
348:under
329:Orient
318:Orient
278:Apollo
256:Orient
241:Career
210:Severn
134:Awards
107:
98:branch
66:Buried
520:Royan
346:Cadiz
267:Syren
197:Spain
1191:ISBN
1172:ISBN
1153:ISBN
1131:ISBN
691:and
675:and
655:mole
605:HMS
578:HMS
508:and
466:and
426:HMS
407:HMS
405:and
400:HMS
381:and
363:Post
355:Wasp
321:and
302:HMS
283:HMS
276:HMS
265:HMS
249:HMS
208:HMS
189:post
178:HMS
124:Rank
49:Died
36:Born
534:.
199:.
1248::
1065:^
1053:^
1032:^
1007:^
986:^
972:^
951:.
931:.
914:^
893:.
882:^
870:.
857:^
845:.
834:^
822:.
802:.
761:^
687:,
669:,
663:,
576:,
447:,
441:,
416:.
398:,
387:.
358:.
173:.
1199:.
1180:.
1161:.
1139:.
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