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strips and sewing them back together in a staggered fashion to make the pelt thinner and longer. The skin-to-skin method, now often called 'full pelt' is the easiest method where whole pelts are sewn side-by-side to fit the pattern. This method is incredibly warm, but looks the least like fabric. The airgallon method involves making small slits in the leather side of the fur making it longer and more lightweight for those who need to save on price. SAGA Furs and
Kopenhagen Furs have both been investing in new methods such as knitting with fur (first invented by Indigenous people knitting
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with fur on runways but did not stop selling it in stores. Some companies have attempted to devise sustainable methods of producing leather and fur. Designer Ingar
Helgason is developing Bio fur which would grows synthetic pelts the way that Modern Meadow has been able to produce grown leather and Diamond foundry-created lab-grown diamonds. BOF fur debate hosted by Zilberkweit director of the British Fur Association argued that natural fur was more sustainable. Others said that chemical processes needed to treat animals’ fur in order to be worn are just as detrimental to the environment.
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from these animals. To counteract the growing concern of consumers, European Union officially banned the import and export from all Member States of dog and cat furs, and all products containing fur from these species, with
Regulation 1523/2007, applying since December 31, 2008. A combined method for species identification in furs, based on a combined morphological and molecular approach, has been proposed to discriminate dog and cat furs from allowed fur-bearing species, as this is a necessary step to comply with the ban.
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certain pressure on designers who can see that the zeitgeist is moving away from fur.” New technologies and platforms have made it easier than ever for those advocating change to get results. While in the past, activists had to invade runways with signs and paint, or physically mail privately viewed letters, today's activist can raise a commotion without leaving the house.
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before skinning so that the carcass won't bleed while being skinned. After the carcass is skinned it's then fleshed, dried, salted, pickled, tanned (either by chemical or by natural method), and then softened. The length of time taken to skin, tan, and process the fur is a contributing factor of the high price.
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last as long as natural furs. On the other hand, fur is naturally biodegradable, whereas faux fur is not. Using natural tanning methods such as bark tanning can eliminate the harmful effects of the modern leather and fur tanning industries. Bark tanning involves boiling leaves or bark of trees to extract the
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The first step in the process is the skinning phase. Animals must be frozen in order to make this phase safe, otherwise, the temperature change from the warm body of the animal to the cold environment around it would cause all the hair to fall off the pelt. It's also best for the carcass to be frozen
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published a homage to fur in August 2017, Gucci later endorsed the idea of not using animal fur. Other high-end brands to follow this lead are Stella McCartney, Givenchy, Calvin Klein, Ralph Lauren, Michael Kors, Philosophy di
Lorenzo Serafini. Burberry announced its intentions to stop sending models
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Fur is still worn in cooler climates around the world due to its warmth and durability. From the days of early
European settlement, up until the development of modern clothing alternatives, fur clothing was popular in Canada during the cold winters. The invention of inexpensive synthetic textiles for
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In 1970, Germany was the world's largest fur market. In 1975, the
International Fur Trade Federation banned endangered species furs like silk monkey, silky sifaka, ringtailed lemur, golden bamboo lemur, sportive lemur, dwarf lemur, ocelot, margay, cougar, snow leopard, black panther, leopard, jaguar,
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The foremost reason for the exorbitant price of a fur coat is the amount of time it takes to craft the garment. The first step is the pelt matcher who takes the furs available and matches them based on size and color to create one cohesive garment. Next a craftsperson will repair any damage shown on
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Workers exposed to fur dust created during fur processing have been shown to have reduced pulmonary function in direct proportion to their length of exposure. The process of fur manufacturing includes waterways-pumping waste and toxic chemicals into the surrounding environment. Dyed furs also do not
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The import and sale of seal products was banned in the US in 1972 over conservation concerns about
Canadian seals. The import and sale is still banned even though the Marine Animal Response Society estimates the harp seal population is thriving at approximately 8 million, and the bans harmful impact
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through the
Furmark system to share with the clothing company which theoretically allows consumers to trace their fur coat back to which farm the animals came from. This system only applies to fur farms in the E.U. that supply fox, mink, and raccoon, and does not apply to farms in China or Russia.
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The feeling of outrage against animal suffering is particularly intense when cats and dogs are involved since these are the most popular pets in
Western countries. Therefore, consumers demand to be assured about the production of furs to avoid the risk of inadvertently buying products made with fur
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The most popular kinds of fur in the 1960s (known as luxury fur) were blond mink, white rabbit, yellow leopard, jaguar or cheetah, black panther, silver striped fox and red fox. Cheaper alternatives were pelts of wolf, Persian lamb or muskrat. It was common for ladies to wear a matching hat. In the
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Historically in
European and Middle Eastern cultures fur garments often had the fur facing inwards with cloth on the exterior of the jacket, but in the 19th century a trend for wearing seal fur coats with the fur facing outwards became the trend. Worldwide, both styles are popular, with fur linings
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The rise of social media has provided the general public with a direct line of communication with companies and a platform for opinions and protests, making it harder for brands to ignore targeted activism. “Brands are under huge pressure to respond to social media and avoid any controversy,” says
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Next the pelt is worked in a variety of ways to accentuate the markings of the animals, increase the thermal properties of the pelt, save on cost, or to create new patterns or styles. The let-out method is the most popular method used in the past, this involves cutting the pelt into countless thin
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Most of the fur sold by high fashion retailers globally is from farmed animals such as mink, foxes, and rabbits. Some cruel methods of killing have made people more aware as animal rights activists work harder to protect the animals. The 2001 recommendations of the European Commission's Scientific
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The introduction of alternatives in the early 20th century brought tension to the clothing industry as the faux fur manufacturers started producing faux fur and capitalising on profits. By the 1950s synthetic fur garments had become popular and affordable. Newspapers were writing articles on major
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The fur trade has long-lasting effects, specifically on the Natives in North America and the populations of fur bearing animals worldwide. When fur farming was first developed in North America it was in response to the dwindling numbers of wild furbearing animals caused by unregulated hunting and
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PETA representative Johanna Fuoss credits social media and email marketing campaigns for helping to mobilize an unprecedented number of animal rights activists. “In the year before Michael Kors stopped using fur, he had received more than 150,000 emails,” Fuoss tells Highsnobiety. “This puts a
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Some animal rights activists have disrupted fur fashion shows with protests, while other anti-fur protesters may use fashion shows featuring faux furs or other alternatives to fur clothing as a platform to highlight animal suffering from the use of real leathers and furs. These groups sponsor
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The manufacturing of fur clothing involves obtaining animal pelts where the hair is left on. Depending on the type of fur and its purpose, some of the chemicals involved in fur processing may include table salts, alum salts, acids, soda ash, sawdust, cornstarch, lanolin, degreasers, and, less
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The twentieth century saw fur being fashionable in West Europe with full fur coats. With lifestyle changes as a result of developments like indoor heating, the international textile trade affected how fur was distributed around the world. Europeans focused on using local resources giving fur
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made from the preserved skins of mammals. Fur is one of the oldest forms of clothing and is thought to have been widely used by people for at least 120,000 years. The term 'fur' is often used to refer to a specific item of clothing such as a coat, wrap, or shawl made from the fur of animals.
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issues within the fashion industry. Fur farming was banned in Britain in 1999. During the twenty-first century, foxes and mink have been bred in captivity with Denmark, Holland and Finland being leaders in mink production. Fur farming has also been banned in the Netherlands and the UK.
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Other than the military, fur has been used for accessories such as hats, hoods, scarves, and muffs. Design elements including the visuals of the animal were considered acceptable with heads, tails and paws still being kept on the accessories. During the nineteenth century,
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due to concerns about the animal' suffering and death. They may also condemn "alternatives" made from synthetic (oil-based) clothing as they promote fur for the sake of fashion. Protests also include objections to the use of leather in clothing, shoes and accessories.
648:, an anti-sealing group, claims that Canada has an "abysmal record of enforcement" of anti-cruelty laws surrounding the hunt. A Canadian government survey indicated that two-thirds of Canadians supported the hunting of seals if the regulations under Canadian law.
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Committee on Animal Health and Animal Welfare (SCAHAW) state correspondingly: ‘In comparison with other farm animals, species farmed for their fur have been subjected to relatively little active selection except with respect to fur characteristics.
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Anti-fur campaigns gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s, with the participation of numerous celebrities and since then fur has been in decline. Fur clothing has become the focus of boycotts due to the opinion that it is cruel and unnecessary.
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was most desired and used to make hats which became popular headpieces, especially during wartime. Swedish soldiers wore broad-brimmed hats made exclusively from beaver felt. Due to the limitations of beaver fur, hat-makers relied heavily on
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on Indigenous communities that had relied on seal hunting as a source of international income. The import, export and sales of domesticated cat and dog fur were also banned in the US under the Dog and Cat Protection Act of 2000.
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Animal furs used in garments and trim may be dyed bright colors or with patterns, often to mimic exotic animal pelts: alternatively, they may be left their original pattern and color. Fur may be shorn down to imitate the feel of
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Mark Oaten, chief executive of the IFF. The anti-fur messaging is being amplified by social media and a millennial customer base that is paying closer attention to the values represented by the products they buy.
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Currently the most common animals in the global fur trade are farmed animals; mink are the most traded fur worldwide, followed by arctic fox (termed 'bluefox' by the industry), red fox, finnraccoon and rabbit.
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Real fur in fashion is contentious, with Copenhagen (2022) and London (2018) fashion weeks banning real fur in its runway shows following protests and government attention to the issue. Fashion houses such as
629:"Compassionate Fashion Day" on the third Saturday of August to promote their anti-fur message. Some American groups participate in "Fur Free Friday", an event held annually on the Friday after Thanksgiving (
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The fur trade is the worldwide buying and selling of fur for clothing and other purposes. The fur trade was one of the driving forces of exploration of North America and the Russian Far East.
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Regulation (EU) No 1523/2007 of 11 December 2007 banning the placing on the market and the import to, or export from, the Community of cat and dog fur, and products containing such fur
720:(AIHTS), negotiated between the Russian Federation, the E.U., the U.S. and Canada, is an agreement signed in 1998 to "establish international standards of humane trapping" worldwide.
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were commonly used but CITES laws and the environmental regulation has made these furs illegal. Additionally, in some regions the furs of domestic dogs and cats are used for warmth.
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Humans wear fur garments to protect them from cold climates and wind chill, but documented evidence of fur as a marker of social status exists as far back as 2,000 years ago with
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initiated the WelFur system. WelFur is the agreed upon certification program in the E.U. that prioritizes animal welfare in European fur farms, these farms are then given a
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Different furs have different properties; coyote fur is resilient and works as a great wind barrier but is very rough to touch, while fox fur is silky but delicate.
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Crown proclamations known as "sumptuary legislation" were issued in England limiting the wearing of certain furs to higher social statuses, thereby establishing a
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banned fur trapping, with a total ban on the sale of all new fur garments except those made of sheep, cow, and rabbit fur going into effect on January 1, 2023.
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tiger, cheetah, quoll, numbat, chinchilla, black bear, Sun bear, Moon bear, and polar bear. The use of animal skins was brought to light during the 1980s by
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1950s, a must-have type of fur was the mutation fur (naturally nuanced colours) and fur trimmings on a coat that were beaver, lamb fur, Astrakhan and mink.
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the lower. Fur was primarily used for visible linings, with species varied by season within social classes. Populations of fur-bearing animals decreased in
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was the first government to ban the sale of real fur garments, with the exception of those worn as part of a religious faith. In 2019, the state of
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peoples of the Arctic relied on fur for most of their clothing, and it also forms a part of traditional clothing in Russia, Ukraine, the former
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Chen, Jie; Lou, Jiezhi; Liu, Zhenlin (January 2003). "Pulmonary Function in Fur-Processing Workers: A Dose-Response Relationship".
1676:"A combined morphological and molecular approach for hair identification to comply with the European ban on dog and cat fur trade"
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Fur is generally thought to have been among the first materials used for clothing. The period when fur was first used as
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and other animal rights organizations, celebrities, and animal rights ethicists, have called attention to fur farming.
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As new kinds of fur, such as jaguar and chinchilla, entered Europe, other uses were found for fur other than clothing.
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482:. Some of these are more highly prized than others, and there are many grades and colors. In the past animals such as
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ECGCGRF (European Community, Government of Canada, and Government of the Russian Federation) (February 14, 1998).
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Wild furs are still sold in the fur trade as well such as sable, wild fox, coyote, beaver, lynx, and martens. The
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announced it would discontinue the use of new coyote fur on parka trims following protests. Luxury brands like
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advocates object to the trapping and killing of wildlife, and to the confinement and killing of animals on
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A number of consumers and designers—notably British fashion designer and outspoken animal rights activist
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Fur clothing predates written history and has been recovered from various archaeological sites worldwide.
1735:"Hindering the illegal trade in dog and cat furs through a DNA-based protocol for species identification"
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Mariacher, Alessia; Garofalo, Luisa; Fanelli, Rita; Lorenzini, Rita; Fico, Rosario (November 11, 2019).
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2262:"Furs are articles made from the skins of fur-bearing animals prepared with the hair left on"
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Garofalo, Luisa; Mariacher, Alessia; Fanelli, Rita; Fico, Rosario; Lorenzini, Rita (June 5, 2018).
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Alternatives to fur have been proposed or invented, including faux biodegradable plant based fur.
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chemical companies trying to outdo each other in the quest to create the most realistic fake fur.
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involves shearing the animal's fleece from the living animal so that the wool can be regrown but
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Governing bodies have issued legislation banning the sale of new real fur garments. In 2021,
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also stopped using fur in their collections in early 2018. In 2020, the luxury outdoor brand
633:) that uses displays, protests, and other methods to highlight their beliefs regarding furs.
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still use natural fur. Alex Mcintosh, who leads the Fashion Futures post-graduate program at
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organizations while the demand for fur decreased. Anti-fur organizations raised awareness of
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Fur farming: a book of information about fur bearing animals, enclosures, habits, care, etc
1120:"With more fashion brands declaring themselves fur free, what's next for the fur industry?"
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offering more thermal benefits and exterior furs serving more of a fashionable purpose.
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1463:"Stella McCartney Stages Anti-Fur Protest with Animal Models at Paris Fashion Week Show"
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were reserved for the aristocracy, while fox, hare and beaver clothed the middle, and
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claims that its opposition is to "the largest slaughter of marine mammals on Earth."
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811:"Evidence of Fur and Leather Clothing, Among World's Oldest, Found in Moroccan Cave"
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Furskin Processing: The Commonwealth and International Library: Leather Technology
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Following the public awareness of animal welfare abuses in the fur industry, the
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1299:. Commonwealth and international library: Leather Technology. Elsevier Science.
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Australian Wool Corporation, Australian Wool Classing, Raw Wool Services, 1990.
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Common animal sources for fur clothing and fur trimmed accessories include
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2172:"Israel Has Become The 1st Country To Ban The Sale Of Most Fur Clothing"
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1418:(Press release). Fur Commission USA. September 15, 2005. Archived from
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used fur clothing. Clothing was made from the hides of animals such as
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1794:"Fake Fur, Real Sustainability: Company Fighting Pollution In Fashion"
1435:"Anti-fur protests set to fly as activists target London fashion week"
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1565:"Fisheries and Aquaculture Management - Seals and Sealing in Canada"
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and industrialized societies, due to its availability and superior
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Ball, Anneke; Lewis, Noah; Miller, Mark Adam (February 23, 2022).
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The popularity of natural fur has declined in recent years. While
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916:"Protecting native industry in medieval and early modern England"
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is made by retaining the fleece to the leather and shearing it.
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2228:"California's Trapping Ban: A closer look at the ramifications"
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association with femininity with the increasing use of mink.
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A French-Canadian man, wearing a fur coat and hat, around 1910
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1594:"From vegan leather to bio fur: Growing materials from cells"
1521:. June 16, 2010. Archived from the original on June 16, 2010.
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The Mode in Furs: A Historical Survey with 680 Illustrations
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19:"Fur coat" redirects here. For an animal's natural fur, see
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1567:. May 12, 2008. Archived from the original on May 12, 2008.
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2146:"These Luxury Brands Are Still Harming Animals For Profit"
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and began to be imported from the Middle East and Russia.
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2200:"California becomes the first state to ban fur products"
2030:"London Fashion Week to go fur-free for the first time"
988:"The Awkward Heirloom: No One Wants Grandma's Fur Coat"
839:"Unique Painted Leopard Sarcophagus Unearthed in Egypt"
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insulating clothing led to fur clothing falling out of
1965:"Agreement on International Humane Trapping Standards"
1863:"The rise and fall of the real fur industry in the US"
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593:
any of the pelts such as bald spots of torn leather.
2004:"Copenhagen Fashion Week Bans Fur After PETA Protest"
1820:"The Economic History of the Fur Trade: 1670 to 1870"
1062:"Burberry Stops Destroying Product and Bans Real Fur"
951:. Vol. 8: West Europe. Oxford. pp. 90–91.
718:
Agreement on International Humane Trapping Standards
550:
commonly, bleaches, dyes and toners (for dyed fur).
202:(all three of them known as 'panther' at the time),
2092:"Why We Should Stop Buying And Wearing Fur Clothes"
1913:"Welfare Standards for fur farmed animals (WelFur)"
1113:
1111:
723:
2117:"Canada Goose to end the use of all fur on coats"
1210:"The environmental costs and health risks of fur"
4792:
2305:
2255:
1612:"How Social Media Is Pushing Fur Out of Fashion"
1577:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1531:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
601:fur into blankets), fur lace, and fur intarsia.
242:for imports as beaver was only available in the
136:is debated. It is known that several species of
1860:
1146:"New Zealand turns a pest into luxury business"
1108:
1432:
80:royalty and high priests wearing the skins of
2724:
2291:
1252:
640:is viewed as an anti-fur issue, although the
588:Fitch fur coat worked in the "let-out" method
1988:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1972:Official Journal of the European Communities
1818:Carlos, Ann; Lewis, Frank (March 16, 2008).
1639:"Why Fashion's Anti-Fur Movement Is Winning"
1636:
1551:IFAW - International Fund for Animal Welfare
948:Berg Encyclopedia of World Dress and Fashion
737:have banned the use of fur in its garments.
1817:
1262:The Complete Book of Tanning Skins and Furs
2731:
2717:
2298:
2284:
1943:Furmark Individual Certification Programme
1433:Cartner-Morley, Jess (February 16, 2018).
1326:
971:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2169:
2059:"Luxury Fashion Brands That Are Anti-Fur"
1768:
1750:
1709:
1691:
1258:
562:that are then used to preserve the hide.
313:—reject fur due to moral beliefs against
3823:
1293:Kaplan, Harry (2013). Ward, A.G. (ed.).
1286:
1013:"Inside the Fur Industry: Factory Farms"
808:
676:
583:
579:
528:
520:
116:
101:
56:
45:
33:
2225:
2089:
1843:
1519:The Humane Society of the United States
1379:
961:– via Bloomsbury Fashion Central.
836:
769:continue to use fur in their designs.
4793:
4594:
2071:from the original on November 22, 2022
1917:European Economic and Social Committee
1791:
1637:O'Connor, Tamison (October 15, 2018).
1591:
1292:
1143:
1117:
862:
809:Handwerk, Brian (September 16, 2021).
544:
2712:
2279:
2143:
1460:
1088:
985:
863:Wilcox, R. Turner (January 1, 2010).
604:
2226:Traynor, Jeff (September 17, 2019).
2197:
2056:
1892:Animal Legal & Historical Center
1059:
944:
869:(in Japanese). Courier Corporation.
636:In Canada, opposition to the annual
516:
4739:Global trade of secondhand clothing
1380:Hoskins, Tansy (October 29, 2013).
1144:Brooks, David (December 28, 2011).
1043:Humane Society of the United States
642:Humane Society of the United States
190:based on exclusivity. Furs such as
16:Clothing made of furry animal hides
13:
2198:Kaur, Harmeet (October 13, 2019).
2144:Wolfe, Isobella (August 3, 2022).
1039:"Fur-Free Designers and Retailers"
986:Smith, Ray A. (January 27, 2020).
979:
14:
4837:
2249:
1547:"Why commercial sealing is cruel"
1118:Maisey, Sarah (January 6, 2018).
1060:Amed, Imran (September 6, 2018).
4775:
2170:Hernandez, Joe (June 14, 2021).
2090:Assoune, Alex (March 18, 2020).
1329:Archives of Environmental Health
837:Bishara, Hakim (March 9, 2020).
258:were made into indoor jackets.
2219:
2191:
2163:
2137:
2109:
2083:
2050:
2022:
1996:
1956:
1931:
1905:
1880:
1854:
1837:
1811:
1785:
1726:
1667:
1656:
1630:
1604:
1585:
1557:
1539:
1507:
1482:
1461:Kelly, Alyssa (March 2, 2020).
1454:
1426:
1408:
1399:
1382:"Is the fur trade sustainable?"
1373:
1320:
1227:
1202:
1186:
1164:
1137:
1053:
1045:. July 31, 2009. Archived from
724:Contemporary fashion industries
1792:Miller, Sara (April 8, 2024).
1490:"2021 Fur-Free Friday Protest"
1176:Marine Animal Response Society
1005:
908:
883:
856:
830:
802:
363:
125:from Allbook & Hashfield,
1:
1888:"Fur Production and Fur Laws"
1850:. Columbus, OH: A.R. Harding.
1089:Smith, PJ (August 11, 2018).
795:
107:
4826:Clothing and the environment
2738:
2306:Clothing materials and parts
1822:. In Whaples, Robert (ed.).
1592:Balmat, N. (April 1, 2018).
666:
394:(industry term for tanuki),
7:
1091:"Fashion's Fur-Free Future"
783:
325:, creating a fabric called
106:Wholesale dealer (Leipzig,
10:
4842:
4749:List of individual dresses
895:National Museum of Denmark
670:
367:
306:, Scandinavia, and Japan.
95:
91:
25:
18:
4772:
4655:
4585:
4457:
4414:
4356:
4278:
4230:
4030:
3949:
3819:
3804:
3764:
3696:
3670:
3656:
3583:
3533:
3446:
3432:
3269:
3119:
2980:
2883:
2781:
2746:
2673:
2596:
2534:
2489:
2453:
2444:
2311:
525:Sandals with dyed fox fur
358:London College of Fashion
98:History of hide materials
1259:Churchill, J.E. (1983).
920:exhibits.law.harvard.edu
404:polecat (called 'fitch')
1844:Harding, A. R. (1909).
1643:The Business of Fashion
1494:Last Chance for Animals
1341:10.3200/AEOH.58.1.37-41
1095:The Business of Fashion
1066:The Business of Fashion
992:The Wall Street Journal
480:common brushtail possum
344:Fashion houses such as
4816:Clothing controversies
4754:Reconstructed clothing
2268:Encyclopedia Americana
2232:Furbearer Conservation
690:
589:
541:
526:
244:Scandinavian peninsula
129:
114:
62:
54:
43:
1049:on November 26, 2009.
680:
587:
580:Garment manufacturing
532:
524:
290:Fur is still used by
149:Homo neanderthalensis
120:
105:
96:Further information:
60:
49:
37:
4806:Clothing by material
4695:Environmental impact
1618:. September 13, 2018
1600:on October 31, 2019.
1182:on October 31, 2019.
816:Smithsonian Magazine
370:List of types of fur
28:List of types of fur
4811:History of clothing
4782:Clothing portal
2057:Kratofil, Colleen.
2038:. September 7, 2018
1919:. November 15, 2018
1824:EH.Net Encyclopedia
1265:. Stackpole Books.
1019:. December 15, 2003
945:Skov, Lise (2010).
891:"Fur in prehistory"
545:Processing the pelt
127:Nottingham, England
121:Fur sewing machine
2497:Artificial leather
2312:Garment structures
1752:10.7717/peerj.4902
1693:10.7717/peerj.7955
1422:on March 18, 2006.
1416:"FICA sales stats"
691:
605:Anti-fur campaigns
590:
542:
527:
386:(specifically the
315:cruelty to animals
130:
115:
63:
55:
53:jacket, reversible
44:
4788:
4787:
4759:Right to clothing
4683:Halloween costume
4651:
4650:
4626:black lounge suit
4226:
4225:
4026:
4025:
3800:
3799:
3579:
3578:
2706:
2705:
2530:
2529:
2339:Detachable collar
2010:. August 16, 2022
1939:"What is Furmark"
1306:978-1-4831-3895-4
1272:978-0-8117-1719-9
1239:Fur Free Alliance
1214:Fur Free Alliance
1152:. AFP. p. 12
958:978-1-8478-8397-1
876:978-0-486-47872-2
681:A fur trading in
517:Processing of fur
292:indigenous people
170:woolly rhinoceros
4833:
4780:
4779:
4764:Vintage clothing
4592:
4591:
4537:Pocket protector
3821:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3777:Bodysuit, infant
3668:
3667:
3449:formal, informal
3444:
3443:
3284:Ceremonial dress
2733:
2726:
2719:
2710:
2709:
2451:
2450:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2264:
2257:Ernest Ingersoll
2243:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1979:
1969:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1867:Business Insider
1858:
1852:
1851:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1772:
1754:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1713:
1695:
1671:
1665:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1596:. Archived from
1589:
1583:
1582:
1576:
1568:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1530:
1522:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1178:. Archived from
1168:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1115:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1086:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:
983:
977:
976:
970:
962:
942:
931:
930:
928:
926:
912:
906:
905:
903:
901:
887:
881:
880:
860:
854:
853:
851:
849:
834:
828:
827:
825:
823:
806:
311:Stella McCartney
298:properties. The
112:
109:
78:ancient Egyptian
4841:
4840:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4831:
4830:
4791:
4790:
4789:
4784:
4774:
4768:
4710:made-to-measure
4663:Clothing fetish
4647:
4581:
4453:
4410:
4352:
4328:Square leg suit
4274:
4250:Blanket sleeper
4222:
4213:Sleeved blanket
4022:
3945:
3810:
3808:
3796:
3772:Bodysuit, adult
3760:
3692:
3660:
3652:
3575:
3529:
3448:
3436:
3428:
3274:
3265:
3115:
2976:
2879:
2777:
2776:
2742:
2737:
2707:
2702:
2669:
2592:
2526:
2485:
2440:
2329:Clerical collar
2307:
2304:
2252:
2247:
2246:
2236:
2234:
2224:
2220:
2210:
2208:
2196:
2192:
2182:
2180:
2168:
2164:
2154:
2152:
2142:
2138:
2128:
2126:
2125:. June 24, 2021
2115:
2114:
2110:
2100:
2098:
2088:
2084:
2074:
2072:
2055:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1981:
1980:
1967:
1961:
1957:
1947:
1945:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1922:
1920:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1896:
1894:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1869:
1859:
1855:
1842:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1816:
1812:
1802:
1800:
1790:
1786:
1731:
1727:
1672:
1668:
1661:
1657:
1647:
1645:
1635:
1631:
1621:
1619:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1590:
1586:
1570:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1524:
1523:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1498:
1496:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1473:
1471:
1459:
1455:
1445:
1443:
1431:
1427:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1390:
1388:
1378:
1374:
1363:
1325:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1257:
1253:
1243:
1241:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1218:
1216:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1155:
1153:
1142:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1116:
1109:
1099:
1097:
1087:
1080:
1070:
1068:
1058:
1054:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1022:
1020:
1011:
1010:
1006:
996:
994:
984:
980:
964:
963:
959:
943:
934:
924:
922:
914:
913:
909:
899:
897:
889:
888:
884:
877:
861:
857:
847:
845:
835:
831:
821:
819:
807:
803:
798:
786:
726:
675:
669:
607:
582:
547:
519:
500:Colobus monkeys
372:
366:
110:
100:
94:
40:Asiatic raccoon
30:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4839:
4829:
4828:
4823:
4821:Winter fabrics
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4786:
4785:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4730:
4729:
4719:
4718:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4697:
4692:
4690:Cross-dressing
4687:
4686:
4685:
4680:
4670:
4665:
4659:
4657:
4653:
4652:
4649:
4648:
4646:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4634:
4633:
4628:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4611:
4600:
4598:
4589:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4463:
4461:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4420:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4362:
4360:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4284:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4236:
4234:
4228:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4074:
4073:
4072:
4067:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4013:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3976:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3964:
3953:
3951:
3947:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3829:
3827:
3814:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3782:Long underwear
3779:
3774:
3768:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3709:Training pants
3706:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3674:
3672:
3665:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3589:
3587:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3537:
3535:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3490:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3452:
3450:
3441:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3351:
3350:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3333:
3328:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3280:
3278:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2986:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2877:
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4722:Fur clothing
4721:
4542:Pocket watch
3863:British Warm
3838:Chesterfield
3749:boxer shorts
3744:boxer briefs
3476:little black
3129:Bell-bottoms
3099:sweater vest
2643:Hook-and-eye
2606:Back closure
2536:Animal hides
2465:
2411:Shoulder pad
2334:Collar stays
2266:
2237:November 22,
2235:. Retrieved
2231:
2221:
2211:November 22,
2209:. Retrieved
2203:
2193:
2183:November 22,
2181:. Retrieved
2175:
2165:
2155:November 22,
2153:. Retrieved
2149:
2139:
2129:November 22,
2127:. Retrieved
2120:
2111:
2099:. Retrieved
2095:
2085:
2075:November 22,
2073:. Retrieved
2062:
2052:
2042:November 22,
2040:. Retrieved
2033:
2024:
2014:November 22,
2012:. Retrieved
2007:
1998:
1984:cite journal
1975:
1971:
1958:
1948:November 22,
1946:. Retrieved
1942:
1933:
1923:November 22,
1921:. Retrieved
1916:
1907:
1897:November 22,
1895:. Retrieved
1891:
1882:
1872:November 22,
1870:. Retrieved
1866:
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1846:
1839:
1829:November 22,
1827:. Retrieved
1823:
1813:
1801:. Retrieved
1797:
1787:
1742:
1738:
1728:
1683:
1679:
1669:
1658:
1648:November 25,
1646:. Retrieved
1642:
1632:
1622:November 25,
1620:. Retrieved
1616:Highsnobiety
1615:
1606:
1598:the original
1587:
1559:
1550:
1541:
1518:
1509:
1499:December 30,
1497:. Retrieved
1484:
1474:December 30,
1472:. Retrieved
1466:
1456:
1446:December 30,
1444:. Retrieved
1440:The Guardian
1438:
1428:
1420:the original
1410:
1401:
1391:November 25,
1389:. Retrieved
1386:The Guardian
1385:
1375:
1335:(1): 37–41.
1332:
1328:
1322:
1310:. Retrieved
1295:
1288:
1276:. Retrieved
1261:
1254:
1244:November 25,
1242:. Retrieved
1238:
1229:
1219:November 25,
1217:. Retrieved
1213:
1204:
1188:
1180:the original
1175:
1166:
1154:. Retrieved
1150:Taipei Times
1149:
1139:
1129:November 25,
1127:. Retrieved
1124:The National
1123:
1100:November 25,
1098:. Retrieved
1094:
1071:November 25,
1069:. Retrieved
1065:
1055:
1047:the original
1042:
1033:
1021:. Retrieved
1016:
1007:
995:. Retrieved
991:
981:
947:
925:November 22,
923:. Retrieved
919:
910:
900:November 22,
898:. Retrieved
894:
885:
865:
858:
848:November 22,
846:. Retrieved
842:
832:
822:November 16,
820:. Retrieved
814:
804:
771:
747:Canada Goose
727:
715:
703:
699:
695:
692:
662:
658:
654:
650:
635:
631:Black Friday
627:
616:
608:
595:
591:
564:
556:
552:
548:
533:Traditional
511:
507:
504:
373:
343:
337:
335:
331:
319:
308:
289:
281:
268:
264:
260:
248:
232:
204:red squirrel
196:snow leopard
185:
182:
166:ground sloth
147:
143:Homo sapiens
141:
131:
122:
86:
75:
66:Fur clothing
65:
64:
31:
4621:Semi-formal
4587:Dress codes
4477:Boutonnière
4459:Accessories
4338:Swim diaper
4333:Swim briefs
4298:Boardshorts
4218:Windbreaker
3979:Suit jacket
3974:Mess jacket
3868:Guards Coat
3787:See-through
3551:Romper suit
2925:Neck gaiter
2920:Neckerchief
2767:Terminology
2150:Good On You
2008:vegconomist
1515:"Seal Hunt"
1194:16 CFR
1172:"Harp Seal"
790:Fur farming
697:trapping.
599:arctic hare
565:The use of
392:finnraccoon
364:Fur sources
338:Vogue Paris
228:West Europe
111: 1900
21:Animal coat
4795:Categories
4562:Suspenders
4557:Sunglasses
4492:Cummerbund
4482:Coin purse
4386:Flip-flops
4381:Dress shoe
4376:Dress boot
4371:Court shoe
4318:Rash guard
4265:Nightshirt
4139:Harrington
4097:pellegrina
3957:Frock coat
3950:Suit coats
3939:Mackintosh
3880:Over-frock
3739:Underpants
3688:Undershirt
3561:Shirtdress
3402:boilersuit
3299:diplomatic
3261:Yoga pants
3251:Sweatpants
3164:High water
3159:Go-to-hell
3052:sleeveless
3005:halterneck
2995:cache-cœur
2915:Lavallière
2762:Technology
2626:Buttonhole
1235:"Fur bans"
1156:January 4,
796:References
778:California
472:chinchilla
418:(ermine),
388:rex rabbit
368:See also:
304:Yugoslavia
296:insulation
140:including
38:Hood with
26:See also:
4631:black tie
4614:white tie
4522:Jewellery
4439:Pantyhose
4313:One-piece
4260:Nightgown
4232:Nightwear
4070:Inverness
4065:ferraiolo
3890:shadbelly
3858:Greatcoat
3825:Overcoats
3812:outerwear
3658:Underwear
3613:Miniskirt
3598:Ballerina
3515:Strapless
3493:debutante
3488:ball gown
3466:Coatdress
3407:cleanroom
3365:Religious
3360:Political
3256:Windpants
3194:Parachute
3111:Waistcoat
3089:polo neck
2693:Waistline
2611:Belt hook
2598:Fasteners
2512:Polyester
2490:Synthetic
2431:Waistband
2096:Panaprium
2064:Peoplemag
1761:2167-8359
1745:: e4902.
1702:2167-8359
1686:: e7955.
1312:March 27,
1278:March 27,
1093:. Op-Ed.
967:cite book
673:Fur trade
667:Fur trade
638:seal hunt
622:fur farms
574:shearling
571:sheepskin
327:shearling
224:sheepskin
178:Irish elk
138:hominoids
4638:Informal
4567:Umbrella
4512:Headband
4487:Cufflink
4444:Stocking
4429:Hold-ups
4358:Footwear
4308:Monokini
4303:Dry suit
4280:Swimwear
4255:Negligee
4245:Babygrow
4240:Babydoll
4208:Ski suit
4191:bathrobe
4171:Lab coat
4149:mackinaw
4092:mozzetta
4082:monastic
4043:pinafore
4006:Tailcoat
3934:Raincoat
3714:Leggings
3683:Camisole
3663:lingerie
3571:Sundress
3471:Cocktail
3456:Backless
3397:Workwear
3380:vestment
3375:clerical
3355:Pantsuit
3321:Military
3316:Jumpsuit
3311:Jodhpuri
3289:academic
3276:uniforms
3246:Slim-fit
3234:hotpants
3184:Overalls
3179:Jodhpurs
3121:Trousers
3074:guernsey
3069:cardigan
3010:tube top
3000:crop top
2908:Clerical
2885:Neckwear
2860:Kerchief
2801:baseball
2783:Headwear
2772:Timeline
2757:Industry
2740:Clothing
2688:Bustline
2683:Neckline
2588:Stingray
2563:Kangaroo
2446:Textiles
2259:(1920).
2122:BBC News
2069:Archived
2035:BBC News
1978:: 43–57.
1803:June 29,
1798:NoCamels
1779:29888130
1720:31737444
1573:cite web
1527:cite web
1367:14777753
1357:30463019
1349:12747517
784:See also
763:Max Mara
539:footwear
484:leopards
134:clothing
82:leopards
70:clothing
42:trimming
4734:Fursuit
4700:Fashion
4673:Costume
4656:Related
4596:Western
4517:Handbag
4502:Glasses
4497:Gaiters
4467:Armband
4416:Legwear
4406:Sneaker
4401:Slipper
4348:Wetsuit
4293:Burkini
4270:Pajamas
4154:Norfolk
4144:leather
4109:Cut-off
4055:Cagoule
4050:Blouson
4016:morning
3989:smoking
3962:bekishe
3919:Paletot
3719:Panties
3628:Rah-rah
3623:Prairie
3520:Wedding
3505:Prairie
3483:Evening
3434:Dresses
3370:cassock
3336:service
3239:running
3224:dolphin
3219:cycling
3214:Bermuda
3189:Palazzo
3169:Lowrise
3134:Bondage
3104:twinset
3064:Sweater
3017:Cycling
2930:Necktie
2838:homburg
2752:History
2698:Hemline
2568:Ostrich
2540:leather
2522:Spandex
2502:Elastic
2454:Natural
2386:Placket
2319:Armscye
1770:5993017
1711:6855206
739:Versace
710:QR code
689:in 2019
687:Estonia
683:Tallinn
560:tannins
488:jaguars
476:opossum
448:caribou
408:muskrat
285:fashion
256:karakul
200:cheetah
192:leopard
174:mammoth
123:Success
92:History
4643:Casual
4604:Formal
4572:Wallet
4527:Livery
4507:Gloves
4449:Tights
4434:Garter
4391:Sandal
4343:Trunks
4288:Bikini
4181:Poncho
4166:Jerkin
4159:safari
4134:goggle
4129:flight
4119:Jacket
4104:Coatee
4077:Mantle
3994:sports
3984:Blazer
3902:Ulster
3897:Trench
3885:Riding
3853:Duster
3848:Duffel
3843:Covert
3754:briefs
3704:Diaper
3697:Bottom
3633:Sarong
3618:Pencil
3593:A-line
3585:Skirts
3556:Sheath
3546:Jumper
3534:Casual
3422:scrubs
3412:hazmat
3392:Prison
3387:School
3348:combat
3341:sailor
3209:Shorts
3154:Formal
3084:jersey
3079:hoodie
3042:Henley
3027:Mantle
2990:Blouse
2972:Tippet
2955:school
2950:kipper
2903:Collar
2898:Choker
2870:Turban
2850:Helmet
2833:fedora
2828:bowler
2823:boater
2665:Zipper
2653:Velcro
2621:Button
2616:Buckle
2461:Cotton
2421:Sleeve
2406:Ruffle
2401:Revers
2396:Pocket
2381:Lining
2356:Facing
2324:Collar
1777:
1767:
1759:
1718:
1708:
1700:
1468:People
1364:
1355:
1347:
1303:
1269:
955:
873:
774:Israel
767:Hermes
765:, and
735:Chanel
498:, and
496:lemurs
492:tigers
478:, and
464:coyote
456:alpaca
444:muskox
420:marten
412:beaver
400:bobcat
384:rabbit
346:Hermès
323:velvet
235:Beaver
212:ermine
210:, and
208:marten
188:cachet
158:muskox
4727:types
4577:Watch
4552:Spats
4323:Sling
4203:Shawl
4176:Parka
4114:Gilet
4087:royal
4038:Apron
4031:Other
4011:dress
3967:rekel
3912:opera
3907:Cloak
3875:Greca
3806:Coats
3792:Teddy
3734:Thong
3638:Skort
3608:Men's
3603:Denim
3541:House
3500:Plain
3439:gowns
3417:space
3294:court
3271:Suits
3174:Jeans
3149:Chaps
3144:Cargo
3139:Capri
3094:shrug
3037:dress
3032:Shirt
3022:Kurta
2967:Scarf
2960:stock
2935:ascot
2893:Bands
2791:Beret
2675:Seams
2636:Shank
2583:Snake
2578:Sheep
2517:Rayon
2507:Nylon
2471:Linen
2426:Train
2416:Strap
2391:Pleat
2366:Lapel
1968:(PDF)
1739:PeerJ
1680:PeerJ
1361:INIST
1353:S2CID
755:Fendi
743:Furla
731:Gucci
460:skunk
452:llama
436:seals
432:civet
428:sable
424:otter
416:stoat
354:Fendi
300:Inuit
154:bison
51:Coypu
4744:Laws
4547:Sash
4532:Muff
4472:Belt
4424:Sock
4396:Shoe
4366:Boot
4186:Robe
4124:down
4060:Cape
3999:Teba
3929:Polo
3765:Full
3729:Slip
3661:and
3648:Wrap
3643:Tutu
3566:Slip
3525:Wrap
3437:and
3331:mess
3326:full
3306:Folk
3204:Phat
3047:polo
2982:Tops
2940:bolo
2875:Veil
2865:Mask
2855:Hood
2811:knit
2806:flat
2660:Snap
2631:Frog
2573:Seal
2558:Goat
2553:Deer
2548:Calf
2481:Wool
2476:Silk
2436:Yoke
2371:Gore
2351:Dart
2346:Cuff
2239:2022
2213:2022
2185:2022
2157:2022
2131:2022
2103:2023
2077:2022
2044:2022
2016:2022
1990:link
1950:2022
1925:2022
1899:2022
1874:2022
1831:2022
1805:2024
1775:PMID
1757:ISSN
1716:PMID
1698:ISSN
1650:2022
1624:2022
1579:link
1533:link
1501:2021
1476:2021
1448:2021
1393:2022
1345:PMID
1314:2024
1301:ISBN
1280:2024
1267:ISBN
1246:2022
1221:2022
1158:2012
1131:2022
1102:2022
1073:2022
1025:2023
1017:PETA
999:2022
973:link
953:ISBN
927:2022
902:2022
871:ISBN
850:2022
824:2022
751:Dior
741:and
733:and
646:IFAW
612:PETA
567:wool
537:fur
535:Sami
468:wolf
396:lynx
380:mink
352:and
350:Dior
254:and
252:Seal
222:and
220:wolf
216:goat
198:and
162:bear
146:and
4801:Fur
3924:Pea
3833:Car
3809:and
3678:Bra
3671:Top
3273:and
3229:gym
2945:bow
2843:top
2818:Hat
2796:Cap
2466:Fur
2376:Hem
2361:Fly
2205:CNN
2177:NPR
1765:PMC
1747:doi
1706:PMC
1688:doi
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