633:
43:
2407:
645:
843:(TCSS) was drafted in 2011 as a temporary document in place of a permanent constitution. It is the constitution of South Sudan until a permanent constitution is ratified. Because of the transitional nature of the TCSS, it favors a decentralized governmental system. Prior to the 2011 independence referendum, the Interim Constitution of South Sudan was the constitution of the then-autonomous
672:, chairman of the referendum commission, said 83 percent of eligible voters in the south and 53 percent in the north had voted. Over 90% of those who voted supported independence, which was officially granted on July 9. Salva Kiir Mayardit was appointed as South Sudan's first President, and Riek Machar was appointed as South Sudan's first Vice-president.
760:
wanting three months and the rebels asking for a month. SPLM-IO's Taban Deng said the negotiations were suspended, while the government's
Michael Makuei confirmed this adding that it would resume on 16 October with the prime ministerial issue being referred to an IGAD heads of state summit for discussion. Foreign Minister
802:
that was "mostly agreed on." However, the "in principle" breakthrough after months of discussions on instituting a federalised structure of government was held up by the time frame for implementation. The Sudan People's
Liberation Movement-In Opposition (SPLM-IO ) called for immediate implementation,
768:
What has happened is that the negotiators have been asked to go back to their principals to consult on some of the issues where there is some concurrence. Some people seemed to agree on certain points. So they have to go back and consult with the principals. The interim government will be formed once
665:
announced that, according to their estimates, 60 percent turnout threshold required for the referendum's validity (corresponding to around 2.3 million voters) had been reached. Official confirmation later the same day indicates that, when the referendum commission released a statement announcing
755:
in the country, a move that even less involved regional leaders in the country had suggested but the government had initially rejected. The talks were led by Nhial Deng Nhial and Deng Alor for the government and rebels, respectively. The rebels' lead negotiator was then due to be replaced by Taban
789:
In mid-November, despite an agreement to unconditionally end the fighting, hostilities took place in three provinces with each side blaming each other. Further, the government rejected a proposal to abolish the post of vice president and replace it with a prime minister. Cabinet
Affairs Minister
759:
Both sides then agreed to the government's 30-month proposal for rule by a national unity government but discussions continued over the authority of the prime minister in the interim period. While the interim period was agreed, the pre-transitional period was still in dispute with the government
830:
To bring peace to South Sudan, President Salva Kiir and his former rival, Riek Machar formed a Unity
Government in February 2020. The two-year deal included uniting their two armies, an act that by August 2022 had not yet occurred. The deal was due to expire on 22 February 2023, with a general
857:
The executive branch of government is headed by the president. Under the TCSS, the president's term lasts for two consecutive 5-year terms. However, in April 2015, South Sudan's parliament voted to extend Kiir's term to 9 July 2018. A new vote held in July 2018 further postponed
504:
In
September 2018, a Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (A-RCSS) was signed, resulting to formation of the Revitalized Transitional Government of National Unity (R-TGoNU) initially for 24 months, was extended in August 2022.
1007:
873:
Kiir nominated 20 ministers, while SPLM-IO's Riek Machar nominated nine ministers. The South Sudan
Opposition Alliance (SSOA) nominated three ministers, Former Detainees nominated two ministers and other opposition political parties nominated one minister.
790:
Martin Elia Lomuro said: "The government delegation did not receive such proposal from IGAD. We only read it from the media reports attributing statements carrying such suggestions to the rebels, and I don't I understand the basis of the proposal."
1042:
732:, in August alleging her criticism made her anti-government. Relations with China, South Sudan's largest foreign investor, and Uganda also improved after the SPLM-IO visited Beijing and opened a liaison office in Kampala and accepted an
877:
The new
Transitional Government of National Unity (TGoNU) is part of a peace agreement signed in September 2018 between President Kiir and several opposition leaders including Riek Machar, the new First Vice President.
922:
1189:
1661:
695:
was put down. Intermittent fighting then continued amid ceasefire breakdowns during the ensuing civil war and international concern grew over more than 1,000 deaths, a humanitarian catastrophe of over a million
2457:
2452:
1012:
769:
you have a political solution. There must be a political agreement so that you have an interim government to implement what has been agreed upon. In principle that has been accepted by the government."
927:
1604:
887:
305:
1037:
1032:
1782:
977:
717:
862:
until 2021. The president has vast powers in creating and dissolving state powers during times of emergency. Kiir demonstrated this power in the dismissal of his entire cabinet in 2013.
1225:
1398:
1307:
992:
932:
1431:
529:
south. Southern leaders and members of the Sudan
Defense Force cited oppression of the North as reason for growing tensions between the two regions. This led to the formation of the
1700:
1873:
1895:
1196:
1669:
1114:"The Comprehensive Peace Agreement between The Government of The Republic of The Sudan and The Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Sudan People's Liberation Army - Sudan"
997:
987:
962:
621:
1638:
2373:
2228:
709:
1491:
1521:
2018:
1987:
972:
957:
669:
2209:
1552:
1461:
1164:"The Comprehensive Peace Agreement between The Government of The Republic of The Sudan and The Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Sudan People's Liberation Army"
937:
803:
while the governing SPLM-Juba asked for a 30-month transitional period prior to the formation of a new administration. This would entail bypassing the scheduled
1957:
1726:
902:
892:
783:
1047:
680:
In July 2013, Kiir dismissed all his
Ministers, including Vice President Riek Machar, with the official aim of reducing the size of government. However,
2395:
2049:
1608:
1251:
1113:
952:
446:
3304:
3074:
2588:
2583:
1277:
1774:
917:
705:
655:
396:
1017:
844:
514:
205:
1221:
1390:
1299:
982:
343:
1421:
692:
2534:
1692:
2600:
2501:
2444:
1834:
1027:
912:
275:
152:
2403:
2358:
1863:
700:, and man-made famine. In the meantime, the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) factionalized into the SPLM-Juba led by President
1022:
897:
798:
The resolution, as announced by
Intergovernmental Authority for Development (IGAD) entailed structures and functions of a Transitional
744:
325:
321:
882:
819:
739:
Following sanctions against some of the leadership on both sides, including an arms embargo that was unknowingly violated by China's
17:
3219:
3059:
285:
2462:
2427:
1899:
870:
South Sudan's President Salva Kiir has named cabinet ministers, sharing power with ex-rebels in a key step in the peace process.
579:
193:
2071:
2996:
2735:
2388:
2131:
1931:
1812:
1582:
1089:
419:
3079:
2847:
2740:
2605:
2485:
2419:
1630:
967:
859:
804:
776:
Fighting continued in end-October in Unity with expectations for fighting in Upper Nile, with both sides blaming each other;
662:
439:
375:
68:
1752:
525:
in 1956. Sudan had been divided culturally and ethnically between the majority-Muslim Arab north and the majority-Christian
2467:
2432:
2101:
1483:
1367:
1337:
261:
256:
1513:
1979:
2730:
851:
132:
1453:
751:, Ethiopia under U.S.-led international pressure was finally agreed at the end of September 2014 that would institute
661:
Voting on the referendum began on 9th January 2011. On January 12, after three days of voting, representatives of the
2791:
2647:
2381:
2315:
1141:
1084:
907:
602:
575:
2363:
1953:
1722:
1575:"Kiir tells UN assembly Machar's "impatience" to blame for conflict - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan"
3408:
2781:
2703:
2527:
1002:
947:
942:
733:
432:
298:
1805:"South Sudan's warring parties trade accusations of fresh attacks - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan"
831:
election expected to follow, but in August 2022 the deal was extended and elections delayed until December 2024.
2820:
489:
as the Vice President. Full independence from the Republic of Sudan was gained, following a referendum in 2011.
387:
217:
139:
3330:
2930:
2610:
2010:
333:
227:
2154:
1167:
854:, the country's legislative body, is composed of the National Legislative Assembly and the Council of States.
551:
which granted autonomy to the Southern region of Sudan. After an 11-year period of resolution, then president
3094:
2832:
2745:
2657:
2652:
2642:
2595:
1543:
632:
567:
80:
2278:
2041:
1247:
3377:
3373:
2570:
548:
559:. This declaration ended the Addis Ababa Agreement and removed autonomy from Southern Sudan, sparking the
501:
accused him of stepping towards a dictatorship and challenged him for Presidency, triggering a civil war.
2905:
2872:
2862:
2837:
2796:
2708:
2693:
2520:
1163:
840:
697:
366:
54:
2124:"S. Sudan rejects proposal to scrap vice-president post - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan"
3386:
2989:
2725:
2713:
1273:
782:
claiming preparations were being undertaken for further fighting. At fighting near the compound of the
725:
712:
that Machar was to blame for the conflict. Amidst a party power struggle, the government was blamed by
348:
100:
3134:
2920:
2915:
2698:
2575:
2368:
799:
560:
180:
112:
3369:
3244:
3234:
3039:
2857:
2842:
2801:
2720:
2688:
2630:
2615:
2565:
2079:
1868:
1454:"OHCHR - Protection of South Sudan's one million internally displaced is eroding – UN expert warns"
811:
537:
242:
173:
3139:
3069:
2867:
2620:
761:
338:
212:
773:
It also followed IGAD giving the groups 45 days from August to work out a transition agreement.
3309:
3229:
3194:
3179:
3164:
3119:
3054:
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1838:
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presence in Juba, in a move away from criticising Uganda's initial support for the government.
117:
3360:
743:
until the sales were then canceled by the government who called for an end to hostilities, an
473:
As a region, the Republic of South Sudan gained autonomy in 2005 with former rebel leader Dr.
3184:
2982:
2900:
2852:
2683:
1605:"Pagan Amum rejects involvement of new 'PPLF' delegation at peace talks | Radio Tamazuj"
1071:
541:
222:
200:
3284:
3259:
3109:
3104:
3084:
3049:
3034:
2963:
2935:
2925:
2786:
522:
8:
3356:
3347:
3338:
3269:
3239:
3224:
3209:
3199:
3189:
3154:
3149:
3099:
3044:
3019:
2910:
2776:
701:
685:
613:
482:
73:
764:
criticised the rebels for allegedly not signing the protocol but also said of the break:
3279:
3274:
3214:
3169:
3129:
3024:
3005:
2895:
3334:
3254:
3204:
3159:
3144:
3124:
3114:
3089:
3029:
2890:
2311:
2308:
Dealing with government in South Sudan: histories of chiefship, community & state
571:
518:
105:
2123:
1921:
1804:
1574:
3264:
3174:
3064:
2338:
1059:
311:
158:
2343:
2326:
2252:
2093:
1748:
1359:
1329:
1094:
815:
756:
Deng Gai. At the same time, the government expressed optimism at the resolution.
601:, the former rebel leader of the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement, became
526:
95:
724:
from taking part in the negotiations. Kiir also dismissed his ethnic colleague
552:
145:
90:
597:
was established after the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA).
466:
concern the system of government in the Republic of South Sudan, a country in
42:
3402:
2184:
1926:
556:
1426:
1065:
778:
1137:
605:
and Vice President of Sudan. A constitution was adopted in December 2005.
555:
declared all of Sudan, including the autonomous Southern region, to be an
2543:
2406:
729:
681:
617:
598:
587:
498:
486:
478:
474:
467:
462:
85:
2369:
Southern Sudan Commission for Census, Statistics and Evaluation (SSCCSE)
2512:
752:
713:
530:
923:
Ministry of Information, Communication, Technology and Postal Services
644:
2974:
748:
477:
becoming the President of New Sudan and the Vice President of Sudan.
684:
said it was a step towards dictatorship and that he would challenge
1222:"Official: South Sudan Voter Turnout to Reach 60 Percent Threshold"
721:
2011:"Fighting erupts again in South Sudan; each side blames the other"
1835:"U.S. warns South Sudan: Strike a peace deal or face UN sanctions"
2560:
1547:
1013:
Ministry of Labour, Public Service and Human Resource Development
814:, South Sudan began a transition towards federalism, overseen by
740:
627:
533:
1300:"South Sudan Opposition Accuses Army of New Ceasefire Violation"
666:
that turnout would "exceed" the required 60 percent threshold.
637:
609:
1775:"China Halts Arms Sales to South Sudan After Norinco Shipment"
1544:"Concerns over South Sudan arms reports as famine looms: U.N."
583:
2310:. Eastern Africa series. Woodbridge, Suffolk: James Currey.
2229:"South Sudan parliament extends president's term by 3 years"
2072:"South Sudan: 60 civilians injured in fighting near UN base"
2042:"South Sudan's armies gear up as fighting season approaches"
810:
As part of the ceasefire agreement following the end of the
470:, and the people, organizations, and events involved in it.
1422:"South Sudan atrocities amount to war crimes, report warns"
1330:"South Sudan ceasefire violated, rebels and government say"
710:
sixty-ninth session of the United Nations General Assembly
1008:
Ministry of Public Service and Human Resource Development
888:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
306:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation
708:
led by former Vice President Riek Machar. Kiir told the
1391:"New Estimate Sharply Raises Death Toll in South Sudan"
786:, dozens of civilians were reported injured by UNMISS.
1693:"U.S. Imposes First Sanctions in South Sudan Conflict"
2155:"Federal affairs minister cautions anti-federalism"
608:In July 2005, Garang died in a helicopter crash in
582:regained its status as an autonomous region of the
570:(also known as the Naivasha Agreement) between the
540:was a 16-year conflict between the Anyanya and the
1922:"South Sudan optimistic of peace deal with rebels"
1896:"C. Equatoria governor: 'We stand for federalism'"
1864:"South Sudan Factions Agree on Federal Government"
1043:Ministry of Culture, Museums and National Heritage
1631:"South Sudan President Fires John Garang's Widow"
1484:"US Pledges Another $ 83 Million for South Sudan"
1195:. United Nations Mission In Sudan. Archived from
825:
675:
3400:
978:Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development
983:Ministry of Wildlife, Conservation and Tourism
908:Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs
716:for not allowing the unarmed opposition group
628:2011 Southern Sudanese independence referendum
536:rebel army, who sought regional autonomy. The
2990:
2528:
2389:
2214:Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law 16
1514:"A Man-Made Famine Is Looming In South Sudan"
1360:"South Sudan rebels break ceasefire – Unmiss"
998:Ministry of General Education and Instruction
656:referendum on independence for Southern Sudan
603:President of the Government of Southern Sudan
513:Prior to autonomy and eventual independence,
497:When Kiir sacked his entire cabinet in 2013,
440:
1980:"South Sudan Peace Talks Take Another Break"
1190:"The Interim Constitution of Southern Sudan"
492:
2185:"Africa Live: South Sudan delays elections"
1248:"Sudan vote trend points at split – Africa"
521:, which had achieved independence from the
2997:
2983:
2535:
2521:
2396:
2382:
2207:
1062:, politician, Minister for the Environment
973:Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation
933:Ministry of East African Community Affairs
447:
433:
2342:
2324:
1858:
1856:
1419:
953:Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security
938:Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning
893:Ministry of Defense and Veterans’ Affairs
663:Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM)
2542:
2412:Elections and referendums in South Sudan
2305:
1749:"Embargoes and sanctions on South Sudan"
1214:
1156:
841:Transitional Constitution of South Sudan
643:
631:
2276:
2039:
1954:"IGAD Suspends South Sudan Peace talks"
1274:"South Sudan gripped by power struggle"
14:
3401:
3004:
2364:Ministry of Commerce, Trade and Supply
2182:
2021:from the original on 29 September 2015
1853:
1729:from the original on 30 September 2014
1690:
1388:
1090:List of vice-presidents of South Sudan
547:The war ended with the signing of the
2978:
2516:
2377:
2327:"Das politische System des SĂĽdsudans"
2178:
2176:
2174:
2134:from the original on 18 February 2018
2052:from the original on 19 February 2018
1815:from the original on 18 February 2018
1703:from the original on 19 February 2018
1585:from the original on 18 February 2018
1464:from the original on 18 February 2018
1033:Ministry of Gender and Social Welfare
691:On 14–15 December 2013, an attempted
612:, and was succeeded in both posts by
2210:"A New Constitution for South Sudan"
2152:
2008:
1401:from the original on 15 October 2017
1340:from the original on 13 October 2014
1280:from the original on 5 February 2015
1254:from the original on 18 January 2011
1228:from the original on 15 January 2011
1182:
968:Ministry of Environment and Forestry
658:was held from 9 to 15 January 2011.
2359:Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly
2104:from the original on 5 January 2018
2094:"South Sudan clashes despite truce"
1934:from the original on 1 October 2014
1876:from the original on 6 October 2014
1785:from the original on 3 October 2014
1755:from the original on 6 October 2014
1555:from the original on 6 October 2014
1524:from the original on 6 October 2014
1494:from the original on 3 October 2014
1434:from the original on 8 October 2014
1310:from the original on 6 October 2014
958:Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries
852:National Legislature of South Sudan
649:Flag of the Republic of South Sudan
24:
2299:
2279:"South Sudan's Kiir names cabinet"
2253:"South Sudan sacks entire cabinet"
2171:
2040:Copnall, James (27 October 2014).
1659:
1389:Kulish, Nicholas (27 April 2018).
1170:from the original on 19 March 2012
1130:
718:Political Parties Leadership Forum
523:co-rule of Great Britain and Egypt
25:
3420:
2580:Southern Sudan Autonomous Region
2352:
2078:. 27 October 2014. Archived from
1990:from the original on 4 March 2016
1977:
1691:Gordon, Michael R. (6 May 2014).
1370:from the original on 24 July 2014
1144:from the original on 2 March 2009
1085:List of presidents of South Sudan
1053:
918:Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs
793:
3305:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
3075:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2405:
2277:Tamazuj, Radio (12 March 2020).
2226:
1641:from the original on 12 May 2016
1628:
1038:Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs
622:Vice-President of Southern Sudan
41:
2331:Verfassung in Recht und Ăśbersee
2270:
2245:
2220:
2201:
2146:
2116:
2086:
2064:
2033:
2009:Dumo, Denis (27 October 2014).
2002:
1971:
1960:from the original on 2014-10-07
1946:
1914:
1888:
1827:
1797:
1767:
1741:
1723:"South Sudan-related Sanctions"
1715:
1684:
1653:
1622:
1597:
1567:
1536:
1506:
1476:
1446:
1413:
1382:
1352:
834:
201:States and administrative areas
2183:Mandil, Nichola (4 Aug 2022).
1322:
1292:
1266:
1240:
1106:
1068:, Minister for Cabinet Affairs
963:Ministry of Trade and Industry
826:2020 onwards, Unity Government
728:, widow of the SPLM's founder
676:2013–2014 civil war and reform
576:Sudan People's Liberation Army
13:
1:
2596:Comprehensive Peace Agreement
1224:. VOA News. 12 January 2011.
1100:
1028:Ministry of Roads and Bridges
913:Ministry of National Security
865:
568:Comprehensive Peace Agreement
485:taking over as President and
153:National Legislative Assembly
2601:2011 independence referendum
2571:Addis Ababa Agreement (1972)
2344:10.5771/0506-7286-2013-2-174
2216:: 73 – via HeinOnline.
2153:Wote, Charles (2021-11-26).
1048:Ministry of Youth and Sports
993:Ministry of Higher Education
860:South Sudan's first election
595:Government of Southern Sudan
7:
2873:Water supply and sanitation
2208:Gruss, Daniel (2010–2011).
1420:Sam Jones (7 August 2014).
1140:. The Library of Congress.
1078:
1018:Ministry of Energy and Dams
928:Ministry of Federal Affairs
883:Ministry of Cabinet Affairs
820:Minister of Federal Affairs
542:Sudan People's Armed Forces
397:Interim Security Force for
10:
3425:
903:Ministry of Peace Building
549:1972 Addis Ababa Agreement
508:
101:Rebecca Nyandeng De Mabior
3318:
3293:
3012:
2948:
2881:
2828:
2819:
2767:
2758:
2679:
2670:
2638:
2629:
2576:Second Sudanese Civil War
2551:
2494:
2478:
2443:
2418:
2306:Leonardi, Cherry (2013).
800:National unity government
640:) used in the referendum.
593:On 9th January 2005, the
566:After the signing of the
561:Second Sudanese Civil War
493:Eruption of the Civil War
18:Government of South Sudan
3060:Central African Republic
2684:Administrative divisions
2616:South Sudanese Civil War
2566:First Sudanese Civil War
2325:Henneberg, Ingo (2013).
1138:"A Country Study: Sudan"
812:South Sudanese Civil War
747:-mediated resolution in
586:from 2005 to 2011, when
538:First Sudanese Civil War
194:Administrative divisions
3409:Politics of South Sudan
2479:Gubernatorial elections
2445:Parliamentary elections
762:Barnaba Marial Benjamin
34:Politics of South Sudan
2606:United Nations Mission
2420:Presidential elections
1250:. Al Jazeera English.
988:Ministry of Investment
771:
670:Mohamed Ibrahim Khalil
651:
641:
322:Diplomatic missions of
118:Cabinet of South Sudan
3220:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
3080:Republic of the Congo
1781:. 30 September 2014.
1072:Luka Tombekana Monoja
1023:Ministry of Transport
943:Ministry of Petroleum
766:
647:
635:
590:gained independence.
2128:www.sudantribune.com
2100:. 10 November 2014.
1809:www.sudantribune.com
1629:Wudu, Waakhe Simon.
1579:www.sudantribune.com
1074:, Minister of Health
898:Ministry of Interior
784:United Nations, Juba
688:for the presidency.
517:was a region of the
3295:States with limited
3006:Politics of Africa
1666:www.ntvuganda.co.ug
614:Salva Kiir Mayardit
572:government of Sudan
563:from 1983 to 2005.
483:Salva Kiir Mayardit
74:Salva Kiir Mayardit
2792:Telecommunications
1697:The New York Times
1672:on 21 January 2015
1662:"HOME: NTV UGANDA"
1551:. 12 August 2014.
1395:The New York Times
1003:Ministry of Health
948:Ministry of Mining
652:
642:
481:death in 2005 led
3396:
3395:
3322:other territories
3095:Equatorial Guinea
2972:
2971:
2944:
2943:
2815:
2814:
2754:
2753:
2704:Foreign relations
2666:
2665:
2510:
2509:
1902:on 10 August 2014
1841:on 6 October 2014
1202:on March 19, 2009
1166:. reliefweb.int.
650:
636:The voting form (
584:Republic of Sudan
519:Republic of Sudan
457:
456:
388:Mission in Sudan
376:Mission in South
344:Visa requirements
299:Foreign relations
286:Political parties
249:Recent elections
140:Council of States
106:Hussein Abdelbagi
16:(Redirected from
3416:
3383:
3382:(United Kingdom)
3378:Tristan da Cunha
3374:Ascension Island
3366:
3353:
3344:
3320:Dependencies and
3013:Sovereign states
2999:
2992:
2985:
2976:
2975:
2957:
2826:
2825:
2765:
2764:
2677:
2676:
2636:
2635:
2537:
2530:
2523:
2514:
2513:
2410:
2409:
2398:
2391:
2384:
2375:
2374:
2348:
2346:
2321:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2249:
2243:
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2240:
2239:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2205:
2199:
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2196:
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2180:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1898:. Archived from
1892:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1860:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1837:. Archived from
1831:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1771:
1765:
1764:
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1736:
1734:
1719:
1713:
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1688:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1668:. Archived from
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1607:. Archived from
1601:
1595:
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1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1540:
1534:
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1471:
1469:
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1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1386:
1380:
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1377:
1375:
1366:. 21 July 2014.
1356:
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1186:
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1177:
1175:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1110:
1060:Isaac Awan Maper
648:
449:
442:
435:
403:
402:
391:
382:
381:
312:Mayiik Ayii Deng
159:Jemma Nunu Kumba
45:
29:
28:
21:
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2960:
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2931:Public holidays
2877:
2811:
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2726:Law enforcement
2662:
2625:
2611:Ethnic violence
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2300:Further reading
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1336:. 11 May 2014.
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1157:
1147:
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1120:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1095:Samson L. Kwaje
1081:
1056:
868:
837:
828:
816:Lasuba L. Wango
796:
720:and its leader
678:
630:
511:
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420:Other countries
411:
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371:United Nations
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334:Nationality law
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234:
196:
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96:James Wani Igga
81:Vice Presidents
64:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3422:
3412:
3411:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:Western Sahara
3384:
3367:
3354:
3345:
3331:Canary Islands
3327:
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2860:
2855:
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2835:
2833:Child marriage
2829:
2823:
2817:
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2812:
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2809:
2804:
2799:
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2746:Vice President
2743:
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2658:Climate change
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2353:External links
2351:
2350:
2349:
2337:(2): 174–196.
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2115:
2085:
2082:on 2016-03-04.
2063:
2032:
2001:
1978:Butty, James.
1970:
1945:
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845:Southern Sudan
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794:Federalization
792:
753:federalisation
726:Rebecca Garang
677:
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580:Southern Sudan
574:and the rebel
553:Gaafar Nimeiry
515:Southern Sudan
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361:Related topics
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3135:Guinea-Bissau
3133:
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2848:Ethnic groups
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2621:Famine (2017)
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2283:Radio Tamazuj
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2227:Dumo, Denis.
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1927:Sudan Tribune
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1660:Uganda, NTV.
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1611:on 2014-10-06
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2709:Human rights
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3140:Ivory Coast
2714:LGBT rights
2544:South Sudan
2495:Referendums
2015:reuters.com
1984:voanews.com
1635:voanews.com
730:John Garang
693:coup d'Ă©tat
682:Riek Machar
618:Riek Machar
599:John Garang
588:South Sudan
499:Riek Machar
487:Riek Machar
475:John Garang
468:East Africa
463:South Sudan
349:Visa policy
133:Legislature
86:Riek Machar
3352:(Portugal)
3310:Somaliland
3230:Seychelles
3195:Mozambique
3180:Mauritania
3165:Madagascar
3120:The Gambia
3055:Cape Verde
2916:Literature
2731:Parliament
2699:Corruption
2648:Ecoregions
2288:2 December
2263:2018-10-24
2238:2018-10-24
2194:2022-08-05
2164:2022-07-29
2076:www.un.org
1964:2014-10-06
1615:2014-10-03
1258:16 January
1232:13 January
1123:2018-12-11
1101:References
866:Ministries
714:Pagan Amum
702:Salva Kiir
686:Salva Kiir
531:Separatist
310:Minister:
113:Government
3185:Mauritius
2858:Languages
2843:Education
2802:Transport
2782:Companies
2741:President
2721:Judiciary
2689:Elections
2631:Geography
2159:Eye Radio
1938:2 October
1906:2 October
1880:2 October
1845:2 October
1789:2 October
1779:Bloomberg
1759:2 October
1733:2 October
1559:2 October
1528:2 October
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1314:2 October
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1118:ReliefWeb
749:Bahir Dar
255:General:
243:Elections
206:Governors
174:Judiciary
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144:Speaker:
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2868:Religion
2787:Currency
2736:Military
2672:Politics
2257:BBC News
2189:BBC News
2138:27 April
2132:Archived
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2098:BBC News
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2050:Archived
2025:27 April
2019:Archived
1994:27 April
1988:Archived
1958:Archived
1932:Archived
1874:Archived
1869:ABC News
1819:27 April
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1079:See also
722:Lam Akol
704:and the
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479:Garang's
401:(UNISFA)
380:(UNMISS)
339:Passport
213:Counties
3361:RĂ©union
3357:Mayotte
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3343:(Spain)
3339:Melilla
3270:Tunisia
3240:Somalia
3225:Senegal
3210:Nigeria
3200:Namibia
3190:Morocco
3155:Liberia
3150:Lesotho
3100:Eritrea
3070:Comoros
3045:Burundi
3020:Algeria
2955:Outline
2883:Culture
2821:Society
2807:Tourism
2772:Banking
2760:Economy
2589:2005–11
2584:1972–83
2561:Anyanya
2553:History
1548:Reuters
741:NORINCO
706:SPLM-IO
616:, with
534:Anyanya
527:Nilotic
509:History
390:(UNMIS)
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3280:Zambia
3275:Uganda
3215:Rwanda
3170:Malawi
3130:Guinea
3025:Angola
2901:Cinema
2891:Anthem
2853:Health
2653:Rivers
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818:, the
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610:Uganda
399:Abyei
378:Sudan
223:Cities
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3255:Sudan
3205:Niger
3160:Libya
3145:Kenya
3125:Ghana
3115:Gabon
3090:Egypt
3030:Benin
2936:Sport
2926:Music
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