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The laboratory is composed of three large underground chambers, sometimes referred to collectively as the third tunnel, and lies beneath 1,400 metres (4,600 feet) of rock. Construction of the laboratory and second tunnel faced opposition from
Italian and international environmental groups including
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publicly announced in
September 2011 and retracted in July 2012. In the summer of 2014 the facility was instrumental in confirming previous theories about the Sun's main source of energy, when proton-to-proton fusion-produced neutrinos were detected and measured, virtually at the Sun's core.
511:. Running through this nature preserve is a portion of the Italian State Highway 80 (SS80), known as the Grand Highway of the Gran Sasso and Monti della Laga National Park ("Strada maestra del Parco").
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as well as herds of cattle and semi-wild horses. The pastures are covered with field grasses and meadowland wildflowers. The park is also the habitat for diverse wildlife from rare species such as the
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that took place there in 1943. This is especially true in summer with most
Italians preferring beach vacations and foreign visitors more likely to visit the mountains of northern Italy.
451:. Environmentalists noted that the nuclear physics laboratory would lie on or near two major and highly active seismic faults, that construction of the tunnels would interfere with a major
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and other astronomical studies are carried out. At the southern edge of Campo
Imperatore and within the bounds of the national park are three medieval hill towns once ruled by the
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at about 2,000 metres (6,600 feet) height. Campo
Imperatore is home to Italy's oldest continuously operating commercial ski area (connected to Fonte Cerreto via cable car).
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would degrade an environmentally sensitive and significant area. Many credit the opposition created by the tunnel and laboratory construction with galvanizing the
Italian
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While frequented by skiers in winter, and mountain climbers and hikers in other seasons, the Gran Sasso is remarkably free of tourists despite its proximity to
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Because of its low background radiation, the underground laboratory is used for experiments in particle and nuclear physics, including the study of
262:, on the north side of the mountain. Corno Grande and Corno Piccolo with their rough vertical walls provide serious rock climbers with challenges.
411:, was bored through the Gran Sasso Massif. In 1995, a second parallel tunnel was completed. Construction of the tunnel included an underground
494:. The laboratory employs over 700 scientists from twenty different countries. The LNGS was the destination of the neutrinos involved in the
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In 2005, a 2,424-metre-high (7,953 ft) peak previously named "The
Gendarme" was renamed "John Paul II Peak" on what would have been
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loved to secretly ski at Gran Sasso where he would retire often and pray at the church of San Pietro della Ienca. When he died
Cardinal
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2,912 metres (9,554 ft), is the highest mountain in the
Apennines, and the second-highest mountain in Italy outside the
746:"Sciaplinismo negli Appenni (article in Italian on 'scialpinismo', combined mountain climbing and skiing) on the Gran Sasso"
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388:'s 85th birthday. He had visited the Gran Sasso many times, saying it reminded him of the mountains of his native Poland.
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At the northern base of Corno
Piccolo is Prati di Tivo, a ski village. To the east of Corno Grande and Corno Piccolo lies
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The mid- to lower slopes of the Gran Sasso are grazed in spring, summer and autumn by large flocks of sheep guarded by
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in 1991. In recent years, the laboratory has itself begun promoting preservation of the Gran Sasso environment.
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community some of the late pontiff's blood as a token of the love he had felt for the mountainous area.
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with average of two million visitors per year is one of the 15 most visited sanctuaries in the world.
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19:"Gran Sasso" redirects here. For nearby places named after the mountain, see
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Panorama of Gran Sasso d'Italia. Monti della Laga is seen in the background.
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In 1984, a 10-kilometre (6.2-mile) two-lane highway tunnel carrying the
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365:'s prison until his freeing on September 1943 by Nazi commandos in the
738:"'The Big Stone', climbing in the Gran Sasso (translated from French)"
369:. The plateau is also the site of the Campo Imperatore station of the
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Acclaimed international movies shot at Gran Sasso include
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669:"Pope John Paul II's blood stolen from church in Italy"
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Gran Sasso mountain, the highest peak in the Apennines
423:. The first large experiments there started in 1989.
722:"Parco Nazionale del Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga"
265:Situated below the peak of the Corno Grande is the
730:"Images from Gran Sasso d'Italia, news and webcam"
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765:"Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso website"
689:. Turismo.provincia.teramo.it. Teramo Turismo
246:The three main summits of the Gran Sasso are
311:, and a wide variety of bird life including
622:Alpine Botanical Garden of Campo Imperatore
509:Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga National Park
465:Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga National Park
236:Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga National Park
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375:Campo Imperatore Near-Earth Object Survey
182:Corno Grande in the chain of Gran Sasso.
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174:Monte Prena in the chain of Gran Sasso.
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711:Inside Abruzzo: Insider Tips Uncovered
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610:A panoramic view of Campo Imperatore.
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656:Scientists see the 'soul' of the Sun
716:The National Park of the Gran Sasso
463:and leading to the creation of the
417:Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso
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642:"Peak is named after late pontiff"
496:faster-than-light neutrino anomaly
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16:Mountain located in central Italy
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658:ABC. Retrieved 20 January 2016
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541:Gabriel of Our Lady of Sorrows
421:Gran Sasso National Laboratory
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654:Stuart Gary (28 August 2014)
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545:Isola del Gran Sasso d'Italia
393:avalanche hit Rigopiano hotel
274:Maremmano-Abruzzese sheepdogs
195:[ɡranˈsassodiˈtaːlja]
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56:2,912 m (9,554 ft)
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234:. The mountain lies within
21:Gran Sasso (disambiguation)
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518:and the events of the
461:environmental movement
409:Traforo del Gran Sasso
359:Hotel Campo Imperatore
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562:Arnold Schwarzenegger
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84:42.46944°N 13.56528°E
787:Mountains of Abruzzo
557:The Name of the Rose
449:Friends of the Earth
437:Club Alpino Italiano
391:In January 2017, an
226:. Its highest peak,
552:Jean-Jacques Annaud
295:Rupicapra pyrenaica
256:Pizzo d'Intermesoli
209:Great Rock of Italy
187:Gran Sasso d'Italia
125:Gran Sasso d'Italia
80: /
29:Gran Sasso d'Italia
782:Apennine Mountains
675:. 27 January 2014.
616:Points of interest
457:construction waste
361:in Gran Sasso was
339:and downy pipits.
337:red-backed shrikes
220:Apennine Mountains
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89:42.46944; 13.56528
46:Highest point
532:, gave the local
530:Stanislaw Dziwisz
526:Pope John Paul II
439:, as well as the
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373:, from which the
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267:Calderone glacier
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363:Benito Mussolini
344:Campo Imperatore
325:ortolan buntings
288:and the Abruzzo
286:European wildcat
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228:Corno Grande
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149:Parent range
480:dark matter
476:cosmic rays
455:, and that
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62:Coordinates
776:Categories
756:2007-04-13
693:2015-10-19
628:References
579:King David
445:Greenpeace
75:13°33′55″E
72:42°28′10″N
573:Ladyhawke
567:Red Sonja
472:neutrinos
242:Geography
155:Apennines
100:Geography
52:Elevation
321:goshawks
191:Italian:
534:Abruzzo
503:Tourism
492:biology
488:geology
453:aquifer
399:Science
379:Medicis
354:History
348:plateau
290:chamois
218:in the
214:) is a
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132:Abruzzo
490:, and
447:, and
407:, the
297:ornata
280:, the
254:, and
216:massif
585:Keoma
305:foxes
224:Italy
136:Italy
588:and
516:Rome
435:and
433:LIPU
301:boar
232:Alps
200:lit.
564:'s
554:'s
543:at
419:or
222:of
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