Hal Colebatch - Knowledge

1691:. Colebatch managed to help convince Hughes of the need for an increase in immigration to increase the state's population and develop its infrastructure, an interest of Mitchell's. Hughes wrote a letter to Colebatch in March 1922 committing to increasing immigration, and later an agreement was signed between the Australian, Western Australian and British governments for seventy-five thousand British migrants to settle in the state. Reducing unemployment was one of Colebatch's other responsibilities, and he instituted various public works to help with that. Although some saw trying to increase immigration as working against efforts to decrease unemployment, Colebatch believed it would be short-sighted to not do so. 1805:, led by James Mitchell. Colebatch spend the rest of his term as agent-general under a Labor Western Australian Government. Among the things the role entailed was representing the State Government in negotiations with the British Government, the Australian Government and sometimes other foreign governments, deal with European investors and companies operating in Western Australia, arrange loans, work as a purchasing agent for government departments, recruit for specialist positions, communicate with the premier about the goings on in London, promote migration to Western Australia, represent the state at ceremonies, assist Western Australians in London, and generally do things to raise the profile of the state. 1240:, which is also in the East Province. Marwick chose to support the Armadale-Brookton route, which resulted in his unpopularity within Northam. A public meeting in Northam decided that a better candidate must contest the East Province, and so Colebatch became a last-minute candidate. He supported the transcontinental railway line passing through Northam and a developmental railway being built from Armadale to Brookton. Colebatch won the East Province, beating Marwick by a small margin in every polling place except for in Marwick's home town of York. Colebatch took his seat on 27 June 1912. He did not contest the November 1912 Northam municipal election and was succeeded as mayor by Bernard. 2049: 50: 1301:

This would have increased the number of metropolitan districts at the expense of rural districts. Colebatch opposed having equally-populated constituencies, saying that "it seems to be utterly unfair that huge districts with great interests and scattered population should be put in the same position as closely congested and settled communities". He proposed seven amendments, including that rural districts should have 20 percent fewer voters and metropolitan districts should have more voters. The Legislative Council accepted these amendments but the Legislative Assembly did not, meaning the bill was unable to pass.

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a man named Thomas Edwards was injured and later died. The police commissioner told Colebatch that the police could not control the situation without shooting their guns, but Colebatch did not want to authorise that. Colebatch, the police commissioner, the businessmen and consignees soon left, unsuccessful. In total, approximately 26 police officers and six FLU workers were injured, excluding Edwards. The following day, there was further violence between police and union members. Colebatch announced on 8 May 1919 that the NWWU had agreed to withdraw from the wharf to avoid any further conflict.

6450: 1311:, without the presentation of estimates, and for only one third of the money raised going to the farmers. The bill was defeated by the Legislative Council by eighteen votes to six. The following year, Colebatch opposed the Income and Public Entertainments Taxation Bill, which was expected to increase taxation so that money could be spent on public works to create jobs. He believed that the money would better off with private enterprise, which would be able to provide more jobs and greater benefits to the state. 1268:, "for a man like Colebatch, there could not have been a more opportune moment for launching a parliamentary career". He says it would have been difficult for Colebatch to stand out if he had entered the conservative-dominated upper house during a Liberal government, but entering during a Labor government gave him an opportunity to use his formidable debating skills. Colebatch would soon become the Scaddan government's harshest critic in the Legislative Council and Labor members grew to dread his speeches. 1284:

this session of parliament were the Workers' Compensation Act and the Industrial Arbitration Act. Workers' Compensation previously only applied to certain occupations, but the new act extended it to apply to all workers earning less than £300 per annum. Although he did not vote against it, Colebatch criticised the bill for hurting employers and was successful in limiting parts of the bill. The Industrial Arbitration Act consolidated previous legislation and made it easier for unions to approach the

1610:, wanting to remove all NWWU workers from working at the wharf. Colebatch implored Watt to try and settle the dispute, as industrial relations were the responsibility of the federal government and the state had little power to do anything other than to use police to diffuse violence. Watt disagreed and said it was up to the state to solve the issue. He also said that if the issue was not fixed quickly, then he would stop shipping to Fremantle. His son, 1901:, taking his seat on 1 July 1929. He had accepted the nomination from the Nationalist Party on the condition that he would not attend party meetings and that he would not be bound by how the party wanted to vote, believing that the party system undermined the Senate's intended role as the state's house. These conditions were unusual, and likely prevented him from becoming a minister. Elected alongside Colebatch as a senator for Western Australia were 1549: 1307:, the unofficial leader of the opposition in the Legislative Council, retired at the 1914 election, enabling Colebatch to take the position. During 1914, Colebatch lead the opposition to the Income Tax (War Emergency) Bill, which was to raise taxes mainly to support farmers during the drought which was occurring at the time. Colebatch attacked the government for introducing the bill so late in the session, just before the 1513:, however these states refused to follow the agreement and did not declare an infected area. Despite this, Colebatch decided to close the Western Australian border. Coincidentally, a shipping strike meant that there was no coastal shipping in the state, but transcontinental trains were still running when he decided to close the border. Passengers on a train from Adelaide were put in an improvised quarantine camp in 5969: 1288:. Colebatch opposed the bill for preferencing unionists and hampering the ability of industries to compete with overseas firms. Eventually the two sides met and worked out a compromise which the government and the opposition could both support. One bill that Colebatch was especially interested in was the Water Rights and Irrigation Bill. The bill was referred to a 1832:. He pointed out to Collier that he would have been expected by Coalition politicians to campaign against Labor in the election. He thought it would be distasteful to campaign against the government when they had worked together well over the previous three years. Collier agreed, and so Colebatch's term as agent-general was extended by a year. In the 2302:. He believed that parliament could use his experience in local, national and international affairs during the war. Among the things he opposed was legislation designed to prevent foreigners from growing potatoes, and a bill to amend the Parliamentary Allowances Act to increase the retirement payments for MPs. He was also the chairman of the 1725:, Colebatch was the only minister in the Legislative Council. He was therefore responsible for introducing and handling all bills and other business of the upper house, placing a large workload on him. As there was much hinging on him, the house adjourned when he became sick. Several of his colleagues thought the burden on him was too much. 1540:

Australia without taking the train. Colebatch decided to allow a special train in, as long as the people aboard quarantined, but Watt disallowed this from happening. In general, Western Australians strongly supported Colebatch's actions during the Spanish flu pandemic. He earned further praise when he ended a two-month-long tramway strike.

2279:, Colebatch was the vice-president of the State Executive Committee for raising war funds. Brian De Garis wrote that "he could take satisfaction in the good record of Western Australia in this respect, for it raised more per head in War Savings Certificates than the wealthier and more populous states." He used his position in 1934:

senators, but other than that, only a few senators supported the amendment. Colebatch ended up reluctantly supporting subsidies for gold. He opposed subsidies for other materials though, and succeeded in defeating two of them. In December 1930, he opposed a bill to convert the railway from Fremantle to Kalgoorlie to

1105:. A friend from Broken Hill, J. T. Nichols, was put in charge of printing the newspaper, leaving Colebatch in charge of the journalism, allowing the newspaper to prosper. By this point, he had two sons: Harley and Gordon Lindsay, and was looking for a more settled life. He lived in Northam for years to come. 1136:. Although Colebatch was the better public speaker of the two, he often put Mitchell's political career ahead of his own. Although he likely would have probably easily won it, Colebatch did not contest the seat as he would have to oust his friend. Mitchell rose rapidly in the ranks of government, becoming a 1075:

federation but was against the terms with which Western Australia was going to enter, saying that "no words in a written constitution could protect a small state in a federation against larger and more powerful ones making policies against its interest." Western Australia ended up voting for federation in a

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The parliamentary session under the Wilson government only got underway in November 1916. The government passed the Trading Concerns Act, which put all trading concerns on a commercial basis as well as preventing the establishment of trading concerns without the approval of parliament, preventing the

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allowed for high achievement to shine. On the other hand, the role of education minister allowed for this, and Colebatch found this to be his favourite portfolio. He later claimed that he was appointed education minister due to his advocacy for country high schools when Wilson was previously premier.

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One of the bills the government introduced in 1913 was the Electoral Districts Bill, which proposed having commissioners design the electoral districts rather than parliament and introduced equally-populated constituencies for all of Western Australia except for three seats in the north of the state.

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was being cheated out of their reversionary rights to the tramways and that the government would be a poor operator like they were with the railways. The bill was passed anyway, but it earned Colebatch a reputation as a "hard fighter and a brilliant speaker". Two of the most important bills passed in

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witness in the prosecution of strike leaders. Although he was opposed to the strike leaders' actions, he knew them well and did not want them to go to jail. Several of the leaders were convicted, and Colebatch wrote that "I like to think that my notes were instrumental in securing either acquittal or

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In 1936, Colebatch was reappointed Agent-General. He went on a tour of Scandinavia at the beginning of 1936, having received invitations from the Anglo-Swedish and Anglo-Danish societies to give a series of lectures on Australian products. He accepted the invitations on the condition that he was not

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system, although he acted as the chairman for much of that time as the chairman was overseas. Its recommendations were for the establishment of a Standing Committee on External Affairs and a Standing Committee on Regulations and Ordinances, as well as the amendment of the Senate's standing orders so

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so that it could buy gold at below market value. The industry was agitating for subsidies but Colebatch was ideologically opposed to this, so he instead introduced an amendment to a bill so that the government would have to pay market price for gold. This amendment was supported by the state's other

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and criticised the complacency of the Labor government and previous Coalition government which had allowed Australians to live beyond their means by excessive borrowing. When the government raised tariffs in 1929 and 1930, he was one of just a few members of parliament to oppose this. He argued that

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when one of the committee members nominated him. He found difficulty in raising loans for Western Australia, firstly, because the London money market was depressed, and secondly, because much loan money was being sent to Germany instead due to the high interest rates there. When the Group Settlement

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Professor of History Francis Keble Crowley said that "the premier came close to being assassinated when masonry hit the deck of his launch." When the boats reached the wharf, a riot broke out between the union workers and the police, who were trying to push the crowd back from the ship. During this,

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arrived in Perth from Melbourne, carrying passengers (including Lefroy) and cargo, the passengers and most of the crew went into quarantine, but the federal government allowed some of the crew to berth the ship before going into quarantine. Fremantle Harbour officials did not allow the ship to berth

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Lefroy decided that he would not stand in the way of Colebatch and further action was up to him. South Australia eventually declared infection meaning the railway would have been shut down under the agreement. Because of the shipping strike, Lefroy and the two ministers could not get back to Western

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from the Labor Party. In early 1912, Colebatch and Mitchell formed a Liberal League in Northam. Colebatch was also the convenor of a finance sub-committee within the Liberal Party, which made the successful recommendation to charge a membership fee so the party would be less reliant on large donors.

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and the other premiers in October 1919. Hughes wanted to enlarge the powers of the Commonwealth Government, which Colebatch was opposed to, as he believed local self-governance improved economic efficiency and individual freedom. Starting in May 1920, he visited the north-west of the state, a place

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that he was the chairman of and he introduced many of the amendments that the committee recommended. The amendments were not accepted by the Legislative Assembly though and the bill did not pass. The following year, the bill was introduced again, but it failed to pass again. It eventually passed in

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would result in most of the other passengers on board being infected. As a result, several hundred of the 1,200 people aboard the ship were quarantined at Woodman Point. Colebatch denounced the federal government's handling of the matter, as despite it being responsible for shipping and quarantine

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to an overflowing audience. The anti-secessionist Federal League objected to Colebatch being associated with the pro-secession campaign as the agent-general is meant to be neutral, but he was still a senator and had not taken up the position of agent-general yet. He resigned from the Senate on 20

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The Commonwealth Government will hold your government responsible for all damage done to trains, expenditure incurred, and loss sustained in connection with seizures. Unless I receive from you before 5 p.m. on Wednesday the 5th inst. a definite assurance that no further trains will be seized, and

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government from using its executive power to do so like the Scaddan government often did. The State Fish Supplies, which was one of Colebatch's responsibilities, was shut down due to not being commercially viable. On the other hand, the State Steamship Service proved viable and was not shut down.

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The Scaddan government felt that establishing and expanding government enterprises was in the best interests of the state, something that Colebatch was strongly opposed to. The government set out to establish state-run and state-subsidised brickworks, sawmills, quarries, hotels, dairies, ferries,

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occurred, in which 66.23% of electors voted in favour of seceding. The 1933 state election occurred on the same day, in which the Mitchell government was defeated by the anti-secessionist Labor party, led by Phillip Collier. Despite having worked well with Collier last time he was agent-general,

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The state and federal governments agreed that any state with a Spanish flu outbreak should be declared an infected area, which would stop all land communication and sea communication would be quarantined. Following Parliament's recess for Christmas 1918, Lefroy and two cabinet ministers attended

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In January 1933, Mitchell offered Colebatch the position of agent-general again. Colebatch, believing his anti-protectionist efforts in the Senate to be futile, took the position, making him the first person to be agent-general for Western Australia twice. By this time, he was involved with the

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to suggest possible amendments. Colebatch accepted, and became one of seven members of the commission. The other six were from New South Wales and Victoria, and none of them were federalists like Colebatch. The Victorian members even wanted to abolish the states, but that position lost out. The

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While Colebatch was living in London, his son Gordon was living in Italy to study singing, theatre and languages. In 1927, Colebatch and his wife travelled around Italy for several months, visiting Rome and Venice among other places. Gordon was friends with high ranking officials in the British

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without further delay. I regret having to resort to drastic procedure, but owing to the failure of your Government to extend the courtesy of prior notification to this Government and before action was taken by your Government, and the continued resistance of the authorities in your State to the

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journal in 1951, Colebatch said that "Sanderson's anti-federal articles — from the Western Australian point of view — could be examined line for line and proved to be an absolutely accurate forecast of what has happened to the State under federation." Sanderson was not ideologically opposed to

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government turned out to be almost as protectionist as the previous government. In May 1932, he tried to amend the Customs Bill so that the government was obliged to have its tariff schedules approved by parliament within three months. After some debate, he compromised on six months and so the

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The colonial secretary was responsible for numerous miscellaneous departments, including charities, public health, aborigines, public gardens, the state shipping service. Although the colonial secretary had to introduce many bills and answer many questions in parliament, it was not a role that

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Colebatch criticised the Labor government when it reduced military training in country areas as it cost more than in cities, saying that it was unfair to people living in the country and that the Great Depression could lead to war. He lobbied for the Australian government to contribute to the

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which would have made a standard gauge rail link from Sydney to Perth. He was Western Australia's only politician to oppose this, and he did so because he did not want to fund public works with loans without any provision for paying back the loans. He was also one of few people at the time to

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When Watson suggested armed rebellion if the petition was rejected, Colebatch issued a statement distancing the Western Australian government from these comments. The secession movement faded away after it was clear that the British Parliament was not interested. Colebatch could consider the

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on 23 September 1898 had printed the details of the supposed fist fight on its front page. Forrest was furious, and he attempted to have the publishers prosecuted for published libel. After that failed, Forrest discovered that Colebatch was the reporter who passed the story along, and he had

1371:, and his rhetoric grew more and more nationalistic as the campaign went on. Western Australia ended up voting for conscription, whereas nationally, the majority voted against conscription. Meanwhile, both of Colebatch's sons enlisted in the army and in 1917, they went to fight in France in 1971:, visited Australia in 1930 to give the prime minister and premiers advice on the Great Depression. James Mitchell, who by that time had become the premier of Western Australia again, sent Colebatch instead. Colebatch largely agreed with what Niemeyer said, however the Labor Party did not. 2163:

and new railcars and trolleybuses. After Australia increased duties on imported glassware, the Belgian Government retaliated by blocking imports on Australian goods, which affected the apple and meat industry in Western Australia. Colebatch was able to convince the Minister for Commerce,

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in the Scaddan Government. Labor had been left with a minority of seats in the Legislative Assembly following several resignations and the Country Party had drifted closer to the Liberal Party compared to when they were initially elected to parliament in 1914. The Liberal Party's

712:, leaving Lefroy and two ministers stuck outside the state. In April 1919, Lefroy resigned as premier and Colebatch took over, making him the only premier to come from the Legislative Council rather than the Legislative Assembly. The major event during his premiership was the 2106:, the permanent under-secretary for the dominions, asked Colebatch if Western Australia really wanted to secede, he replied that the movement would subside if Western Australia received fairer treatment from the Commonwealth. The petition was presented to both houses of the 1296:

By 1913, Colebatch had gained a prominent position in the Liberal Party's governance. In February 1913, he was elected as a vice-president of the party's executive committee. His opponents used this to attack his claimed position of being above party politics.

2102:, told Colebatch that the British Government had no intention on allowing secession but it would nevertheless receive the delegation courteously. This pleased Colebatch, who now did not have to worry about the intricacies and consequences of secession. When 782:. Colebatch continued on as agent-general until 1939, where he would make several trips to Germany to meet with anti-fascists as well as Nazi political figures. After returning to Australia, he was elected to the Legislative Council again, this time for the 859:

At age eleven, Colebatch left school as his father could not afford to continue with it. The normal leaving age was thirteen, but Colebatch sat and passed an examination in August 1883 to allow him to leave. He got his first job as a junior reporter,

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unloaded. As the boats travelled under a bridge, the FLU members dropped rocks, scrap iron and other objects onto the boats in an attempt to sink them. The larger objects missed the boats, but several people were injured by smaller objects.

2156:. He was frustrated when he was forced to accept a British tender rather than a German tender which was £40,000 cheaper because the German tender was subject to import duties worth more than £40,000. He also arranged the purchase of the 1375:. Gordon was severely injured by a shell blast and suffered the effects of this for the rest of his life. To help raise funds for soldiers and dependents in need, Colebatch was the chairman of the Western Australian War Patriotic Fund. 5962: 1394:

in 1917 and Colebatch was appointed as the first president of the Rottnest Island Board of Control. Some prisoners were retained for the first few years as cheap labour, but by 1922, the last prisoners were removed from the island.

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and recommended him to the Western Australian Government. Wise accepted the offer, and moved to Western Australia. He would later be elected to the Western Australian Parliament as a Labor member and become premier in 1945. In

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on 19 October 1898, and the following day, Colebatch sent a letter that he intended to sue the sergeant-at-arms for assault. After heavy media criticism, the ban was lifted and the police inspector was demoted and transferred.

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for Mitchell to be appointed. Up until that point, all governors had been British-born and the British Government wanted to ensure that the appointment of Mitchell did not rule out appointing British governors in the future.

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for permission to secede. Colebatch urged for Collier to be part of the delegation but he chose not to. Colebatch was instead leader with the other members being legal advisor Matthew Moss, chairman of the Dominion League

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which he had an operation for. His doctor told him he was days away from death before the operation. Two days after it, he was diagnosed with diabetes. He had to stay in Calcutta for several weeks while he recovered.

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be changed from the "block majority" method to proportional representation. This recommendation was adopted twenty years later. When the commission handed down its report, Colebatch also released a minority report.

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Colebatch knew the chance of being successful was low but saw the situation as a useful bargaining chip in negotiations with the federal government as well as way to generate publicity for the state's grievances.

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in December 1934 and was then referred to a select committee which determined that although the British Parliament had the legal power to pass an act for the secession of Western Australia, it would go against

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On 1 May, Colebatch told the FLU that he would get the police if they did not come to an agreement or cease picketing the wharf. The union did not do this, and so on 4 May, a group of people travelled down the

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to advise the government on the distribution of grants to the states. The federal government also began spending more on defence in Western Australia; it had spent almost nothing prior to that. It created the

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from entering the port. However Colebatch stated that he believed that the sick soldiers were "entitled to be taken off the boat as soon as land is reached", and that allowing the ship to continue on to the

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with weirs and embankments to enhance the surroundings and prevent flooding, an initiative started by Bernard. Colebatch managed to secure several large grants from the state government for these works.

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Mitchell did not like travelling interstate for meetings with the prime minister and other premiers, so he often had Colebatch represent him instead. Colebatch attended a meeting with Prime Minister

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as one of two candidates endorsed by the Liberal Party for his seat. The party did not want Colebatch elected though, and only helped the other candidate. Colebatch lost the election as a result.

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Scheme seemed to be failing, Colebatch persuaded Collier to travel to London to negotiate a new migration deal. Collier dislike travelling, but he went to London anyway and a new deal was signed.

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and managed to convince him that Dunn was telling the truth. As a result, all Coalition members were present for the vote of no confidence, and they, combined with Lang Labor, were able to force

743:, which led him to form his anti-fascist political beliefs. After returning to Australia in 1927, he wrote a book at the request of Collier on the history of Western Australia to commemorate the 2447:

had been the state's premier for 11 years, far longer than any of his successors. His departure from state politics for federal politics in 1901 led to a dearth in the state parliament's talent.

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favoured the NWWU. Western Australia had a shortage of many essential goods such as medical supplies and food as a result of the earlier shipping strike and the need to quarantine. When the SS

1064:, campaigned against federation. Colebatch was inspired by Sanderson's anti-federation arguments and became anti-federation himself, unusual for someone from eastern Australia. Writing for the 2392:

Colebatch married Mary Maud Saunders (1869–1940) on 29 April 1896 in St George's Cathedral. They had two sons: Harley Colebatch and Gordon Lindsay Colebatch. Both sons fought in France during

818:, England, to George Pateshall Colebatch, a chemist and farmer, and Georgina Gardiner. The family had six sons and one daughter, with an additional two children who died as infants. They were 6559: 1159:. In 1905, he won the state championship in bowls pairs and became the vice-president of the Western Australian Bowling Association. He became a well-known figure within Northam, becoming a 1710:. Lady Forrest wanted for the statue to depict him as a "slim young explorer", but Colebatch convinced her that a statue depicting him as a "mature and portly statesman" would be best. 1382:

Colebatch was opposed to large-scale gambling and lotteries, particularly those run by the government, believing them to be a tax on the poor and stupid. He introduced a bill to outlaw

838:, and had extensive lands elsewhere in England and France long before Hal was born, but was by this point quite poor. Due to bad economic conditions in England, the family travelled to 1453: 942:, was on the verge of collapse and the payment of Colebatch's wages had become irregular. Colebatch was ready to leave Broken Hill when in 1894, he received a letter from his friend 1598: 5276:"Matthew Lewis Moss, H.K. Watson, James MacCallum Smith MLA and Sir Hal Colebatch on top of the Savoy Hotel in London display the Dominion flag. Battye Library [BA556/1]" 1994:

for when the vote was planned to take place. Dunn asked for Colebatch to make sure that all Coalition members were present, who then went to the leader of the Senate opposition,

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in 1906, a member of the District Board of Education, the local fire brigades board and the state fire brigades board. In November 1909, he was elected unopposed as the mayor of

1039:. Later that day, Colebatch discovered that the story had been exaggerated and that it was merely a verbal disagreement. The telegraph office was closed by that time, and so the 6519: 1959:

that bills could be referred to select committees. The Committee of Regulations and Ordinances was established as a result, and became a permanent part of the Senate machinery.

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Colebatch's position was precarious due to his advocacy for secession. Nevertheless, Collier chose to honour the electorate's wish by sending a delegation to London to ask the

1702:, who was sent to ensure that Indians settled in white British countries were not discriminated against. Another task for Colebatch was to negotiate with John Forrest's widow, 1475:

were falling sick. As the Colonial Secretary, Colebatch was responsible for public health. With the ship approaching Fremantle, Colebatch set up an emergency isolation camp on

6524: 1909:. Colebatch was the first of the three elected, declaring that his election was an endorsement of his belief that the Senate should be a states' house and not a party house. 1647:

Colebatch resigned as premier on 15 May 1919 as he was unable to find a Legislative Assembly seat and his health was deteriorating due to undiagnosed diabetes. On 17 May,

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for a year and the Labor Party had a substantial majority in the Legislative Assembly, however the Legislative Council had a conservative majority. According to historian

868:, a small newspaper in suburban Adelaide. He also attended evening classes in shorthand, literature and Latin at the Pirie Street Literary Institute. This ended when the 1978:, a Labor Party senator. Although they had radically different political beliefs and frequently debated within the Senate, they formed a personal friendship. During the 1631: 1444:

that year. Establishing the first high schools outside Perth and the Goldfields had been the issue which had impelled him to enter politics. In 1918, Nationalist member

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occurred soon after Colebatch became agent-general, in which 66.23% of electors voted in favour of seceding. Colebatch was thus appointed to lead a delegation to the

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in 1924 after the previous committee fell apart. Despite this, Colebatch had reservations about the exhibition, thinking it should have involved more than just the

484: 2435:, that came during the gold rushes in the 1890s supported federation and the majority of people who had lived in Western Australia before that opposed federation. 2228:, but he also met with several anti-fascist Germans who sought to open Germany to trade with the outside world, as well as several Nazi political figures such as 6249: 1714: 2255:. Colebatch described the event as propaganda designed to impress the delegates. He was also given a tour of a labour camp and a concentration camp, possibly 2217: 1652: 1145: 1336:

and lead the government in the Legislative Council. By this time, Colebatch was looked at by some as the state's next John Forrest, and so he was appointed

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In April 1919, Lefroy resigned as premier, and Colebatch took over, becoming the only premier to come from the Legislative Council. Colebatch made himself

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unless the petition came as the "clearly expressed wish of the Australian people as a whole". As a result, the British Parliament rejected the petition.

1076: 964:, but he had to walk the remaining 180 kilometres (110 mi) across the desert to Coolgardie instead of taking a coach, arriving there in early 1895. 2377:

represented the Commonwealth Government. His net worth at the time of his death was only slightly above £2000, owning no house or car. He was buried at

6499: 2169: 1733: 1414:. Despite this, Colebatch stated his distaste in the way that Wilson had been ousted and was disappointed that Mitchell was no longer in the ministry. 1129: 728: 575: 40: 5887: 4148: 2595: 1391: 2168:, to negotiate with Belgium to reopen trade. Colebatch also proposed an Australian Trade Council which was to consist of the agents-general and the 1880:

commission travelled around Australia, holding 198 public sittings and examining 339 witnesses. Colebatch suggest that the election method for the

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The position of lieutenant governor was used instead of governor from 1931 to 1948 as a cost-saving measure as lieutenant governors get paid less.

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so that he could one day become premier, however Colebatch decline the offer as he did not want to undermine confidence in the Lefroy Government.

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At a social function at Parliament House, Colebatch met Marion Frances Gibson (1911–1975), an Army Nursing Sister and daughter of politician

1436:. He had also established scholarships to enable children from outside areas to attend them. Two more district high schools were created in 6564: 2112: 2073: 1445: 779: 767: 6489: 6242: 1065: 1483:. He also considered using Rottnest Island if need be, but it was not ideal as it was further from the mainland than Garden Island. The 6185: 2259:. Colebatch described the camp as "specially selected for display to visitors". In February 1939, he gave the centenary address to the 1748:. Over the seven years he had been a minister, the state's expenditure on education had risen by 73%. To show their admiration, senior 1567: 1337: 1333: 1023:

In 1898, Colebatch was banned from the parliamentary press gallery for reporting on a supposed fistfight that had occurred between two

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and forced it to be fumigated at anchor. The NWWU workers then began to unload the ship but the FLU workers attacked them and started

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during the time that Colebatch was there. He reported on a number of strike meetings in the latter half of 1892 and was summoned as a

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Upon returning to Australia in 1927, Collier asked Colebatch to create a book on the history of Western Australia to commemorate the

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In addition to showing Hughes around Western Australia, Colebatch did the same for several other figures. In 1922, he guided Colonel

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In mid-1937, Colebatch returned to Germany with Heath and G. H. Morrison, an Australian journalist living in Germany, to attend the

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Although he was brought up Anglican, he was not an active member of any church and his religious beliefs were vague and undefined.

6509: 6209: 6092: 6029: 6007: 2099: 1894: 1745: 1660: 1426: 1364: 1341: 1289: 1117: 775: 693: 295: 267: 246: 166: 607:

when Colebatch was four years old. He left school aged 11 and worked for several newspapers in South Australia before moving to

6534: 6349: 6339: 6235: 6168: 2330: 1955: 1829: 1794: 1756:

to his wife and two sons as a reward for their service in the army. Harley became editor though Hal continued to write for it.

1722: 1648: 1575: 1418: 1349: 1308: 1209: 1189: 1141: 1133: 1125: 1109: 736: 681: 662: 584: 336: 197: 117: 872:

collapsed, leading Colebatch to work for a series of short-lived newspapers in the South Australian goldfields, including the

6178: 6020: 5900: 2533: 2014:

amendment was passed. Colebatch was the only senator to oppose the Ottawa Agreement of 1932, which established the system of

1951: 287: 147: 2172:. This was accepted by the premiers in 1934 but did not eventuate as High Commissioner Stanley Bruce did not want to do so. 6539: 6294: 2200: 1979: 1518: 1363:

to take place. Colebatch was subsequently elected unopposed. Soon after parliament resumed, it was adjourned again for the

720:

were fighting with each other. Colebatch resigned as premier one month after taking the job and was succeeded by Mitchell.

906:

bore me no animosity for the part I had played in securing his conviction." Meanwhile, Colebatch had developed a hobby in

6399: 2457: 2221: 2180: 2137: 1991: 1864:

in 1929. Although Colebatch was the book's editor, he wrote almost all of it himself, and was not paid. The book, titled

1737: 1530:

that those detailed will be restored, I will order the complete suspension of the railway service between Kalgoorlie and

1407: 592: 2283:

to urge readers to take the war seriously and prepare the country for what was to come, as well as further advocate for

1406:

as its leader. Wilson resigned as premier, and so Lefroy was appointed to the position. Colebatch became the unofficial

6195: 2520: 1975: 1320: 159: 5873: 6066: 5859: 2248: 2184: 2033: 1476: 1185: 961: 677: 600: 256: 1452:

in the Legislative Assembly. It was offered to Colebatch that he resign from the Legislative Council to contest the

1332:

became premier, and although he had only been in parliament for four years, Colebatch was an obvious choice to join

2256: 2107: 2003: 1926: 1898: 1768:. Mitchell had asked Colebatch to find him an advisor on tropical agriculture. After talking to Queensland Premier 748: 2119:

situation a win, despite having previously advocated for secession, as the federal government soon reduced import

727:

for four years, but resigned to become agent-general in 1923. He served most of his time as agent-general under a

6574: 6049: 1449: 1155:

Colebatch founded the Northam Bowling Club and also took a part in creating a bowling club in the nearby town of

1113: 1017: 666: 1386:

in 1916, but it was not passed by parliament. A success that Colebatch had as colonial secretary was to convert

1008:

and the metropolitan correspondent for several regional newspapers. Among the things he reported on was Premier

5973: 2525: 2412: 2124: 1986:

faction. Near the end of 1931, Lang Labor members were planning a vote of no confidence for the removal of the

1861: 1623: 1563: 1225: 1172: 1013: 968: 927: 744: 620: 616: 6449: 2204: 2188: 1707: 1640: 1399: 1121: 1096: 919: 475: 6504: 6258: 6158: 2408: 2263:. Albeit keen to continue as agent-general, when Colebatch's term was up in 1939, a former Labor minister, 2196: 1698:, who was sent by the British Government to investigate settling discharged soldiers there. He also guided 1514: 1261: 588: 62: 1509:, leaving Colebatch as acting premier. During that time, the Spanish flu broke out in South Australia and 6102: 6084: 5851: 2515: 1656: 1522: 1493: 1484: 1237: 1233: 369: 221: 2342: 1525:, threatened Western Australia with dire consequences for impounding the train. Watt told Lefroy that: 1437: 1229: 1205: 1092: 652: 1929:

was hit hard by tariffs, which had steadily climbed since federation. The federal government was also

967:

Coolgardie soon died down as all the surface gold was taken, and Kalgoorlie overtook it to become the

6324: 6314: 6132: 2404: 2358: 2284: 2083: 2057: 1999: 1820:

when he opposed the country subsidizing the following year's event. Colebatch became a member of the

1809: 1677: 1582: 1441: 1368: 1329: 844: 831: 713: 709: 685: 381: 93: 1828:

Colebatch's term as agent-general was planned to end in November 1926, just a few months before the

2192: 2153: 1425:

was appointed, and after that, parliament only resumed for a week before it was adjourned for the

6439: 5983: 5883: 5275: 1684: 1590: 1498: 1360: 1156: 1053: 1028: 853: 893:

for six years. Broken Hill suffered three droughts, four typhoid epidemics, and numerous worker

5943: 5929: 5843: 2237: 2233: 2010: 1718: 1699: 1688: 1611: 1224:, but Marwick had become unpopular in Northam due to his opinion on the proposed route for the 1204:. He then received a petition from 72 electors to run again, so he contested the newly-created 1101: 994: 975:

burnt down in September 1895, and so Colebatch moved to Kalgoorlie to work with Hocking on the

657: 647: 551: 480: 20: 1275:

Colebatch lead the opposition to the Tramways Purchase Bill 1912, which sought to nationalise

2087: 2061: 1833: 1802: 1752:

officials arranged a special function for Colebatch's departure. He had given equal share in

1729: 1324: 1137: 835: 603:, and for opposing communism, socialism and fascism. Born in England, his family migrated to 998:

as its mining and chess editor. He also became the Western Australian correspondent for the

6474: 6469: 2322: 2149: 1944: 1905:, a former Labor politician turned Country Party member, and incumbent Nationalist senator 1510: 1285: 1160: 1070: 1024: 701: 2432: 1744:. He resigned from the ministry and from parliament on 17 June 1923, and was succeeded by 49: 8: 6124: 2378: 2103: 2015: 1061: 981:, a new daily newspaper. In Kalgoorlie, he met his future wife, Mary Maud Saunders, born 799: 460: 356: 1044:

Colebatch banned from the parliamentary press gallery. Colebatch was dragged out by the

786:. He would serve there for eight years, and during this time, would frequently write in 5949: 5935: 2397: 2362: 2225: 2129: 2078: 1987: 1232:

and Northam, where there was already a line, but there was an alternative proposal via

1200:. Colebatch came second out of the three candidates, being beat by the more well known 1108:

In Northam, Colebatch became friends with local bank branch manager and future premier

861: 771: 1272:

butcher shops, fish shops, brick works, tramways, meat works, quarries and abattoirs.

1217:

In March 1912, Colebatch was elected to the executive committee of the Liberal Party.

956:

in Coolgardie. Colebatch left for Western Australia later that year. Upon arriving in

6003: 5896: 5855: 2547: 2539: 2529: 2354: 2241: 2157: 1881: 1594: 931: 752: 596: 580: 263: 1149: 6274: 6075: 6025: 2208: 1913: 1906: 1845: 1703: 1197: 1045: 977: 874: 760: 740: 633: 291: 213: 5354: 1852:. His tour around Italy led Colebatch to form his anti-fascist political beliefs. 1844:

Embassy in Rome, through which he secured a private meeting between Colebatch and

1808:

He became chairman of the committee responsible for the Australian section of the

1167:

after being nominated by the retiring mayor, Oscar Bernard. Colebatch oversaw the

6409: 6394: 6041: 6033: 4003: 2229: 2133: 2041: 2037: 1968: 1902: 1837: 1422: 1411: 1387: 1164: 1004: 886: 839: 732: 670: 604: 328: 299: 19:

This article is about the politician. For his son the author and journalist, see

6227: 6424: 6354: 6344: 6119: 6080: 6058: 5869: 2511: 2299: 1935: 1813: 1798: 1695: 1276: 1265: 1201: 952:, Kalgoorlie's weekly newspaper, and wanted Colebatch to take his place at the 943: 823: 724: 352: 234: 217: 32: 1925:, as those states were export-oriented and had little manufacturing industry. 852:

on 30 November 1878 after 91 days at sea. They settled in the coastal town of

6570:

Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Western Australia

6463: 6429: 6414: 6404: 6389: 6359: 6299: 6016: 5895:(25th ed.). Legislative Council of the Parliament of Western Australia. 5762: 5724: 5698: 5222: 4343: 4314: 4205: 4107: 4081: 3864: 3683: 3657: 3600: 3562: 3536: 3498: 3457: 3419: 3377: 3323: 3269: 3243: 3196: 2543: 2370: 2350: 2326: 1995: 1960: 1917: 1872: 1627: 1480: 1469: 1280: 1253: 948: 894: 815: 756: 432: 283: 2551: 774:

to request secession. The delegation was unsuccessful, with a parliamentary

6434: 6419: 6369: 6329: 6319: 6309: 6304: 6289: 6279: 6269: 6151: 2444: 2374: 2338: 2334: 2295: 2276: 2095: 2053: 1930: 1849: 1769: 1672: 1531: 1403: 1304: 1257: 1035:, who then passed the story on to Colebatch who then telegraphed it to the 1009: 791: 705: 676:

Colebatch became a member of parliament himself when he was elected to the

105: 2048: 1256:, he said he would always speak for his individual feelings. At the time, 1052:

Colebatch became the state chess champion in 1898. By the late 1890s, the

6550:

Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Western Australia

6384: 6379: 6284: 6219: 6136: 5996: 4449: 4396: 4394: 4264: 2823: 2393: 2346: 2290:

Colebatch was again elected to the Legislative Council, this time to the

2260: 2065: 1964: 1821: 1817: 1586: 1465: 1372: 1213: 1193: 1168: 1079:, and so it became one of the six states of Australia on 1 January 1901. 903: 882: 717: 697: 608: 385: 316: 189: 5918: 3734: 3636: 3634: 2954: 2684: 1432:

By 1917, Colebatch had established district high schools in Northam and

1171:

of Northam's roads for the first time as well as the development of the

1060:, which by this time Colebatch had become assistant leader-writer under 6374: 6364: 2882: 2765: 2763: 2613: 2264: 2165: 2120: 1983: 1777: 1773: 1765: 1383: 923: 819: 638: 628: 599:

for four years. He was known for supporting free trade, federalism and

4391: 4248: 4182: 4166: 2732: 2045:

March 1933 and assumed the position of agent-general five days later.

6530:

Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Australia

3718: 3702: 3631: 3396: 3342: 3288: 3173: 3157: 3141: 3125: 3109: 3078: 2926: 2353:, Clerk of the Legislative Assembly F. E. Islip, Lord Mayor of Perth 2176: 1786: 1607: 1506: 1433: 957: 898: 827: 811: 428: 4338: 4336: 2910: 2839: 2795: 2779: 2760: 2716: 2700: 2506: 2504: 2502: 1535:

operation of the Quarantine Agreement, no other course remains open.

1112:. Impressed by Mitchell, Colebatch encouraged Mitchell to stand for 810:

Colebatch was born on 29 March 1872 in the village of Underley near

778:

deciding that allowing Western Australia to secede would go against

2668: 2483: 2244:

heard about this, it urged the state government to sack Colebatch.

1922: 1782: 1706:, over a statue of Forrest which the government wanted to erect in 849: 798:

but failed to be elected. Colebatch died in 1953 and was buried in

763:. He resigned in 1933 to take the position of agent-general again. 83: 5355:"Secession: London Delegation: Four Members: Two to go from Perth" 2236:. He later went on a lecture tour of England and Scotland for the 4333: 2499: 2333:

occurring on the following day, the pallbearers included Premier

2304:

Royal Commission into the Care and Reform of Youthful Delinquents

1921:

protectionism was bad for Western Australia, South Australia and

1398:

In May 1917, the Liberal Party was disbanded and turned into the

848:

in 1878. Although it nearly sank along the way, the ship reached

2267:, was appointed in his place. Colebatch then returned to Perth. 1548: 579:(29 March 1872 – 12 February 1953) was a long-serving figure in 5968: 2294:, taking his seat in July 1940. At this time, he was living in 2252: 1741: 960:, he had made just enough money gambling to catch the train to 6545:

Australian Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George

5511: 5436: 1344:. Mitchell was also a member of the ministry, being appointed 902:

light sentences for the lesser offenders ... I am glad to say

747:. He also sat on the Royal Commission on the Constitution. In 6560:

United Australia Party members of the Parliament of Australia

5203: 4916: 2431:

The majority of people from eastern Australia, also known as

2411:, on either 21 or 22 December 1944 and had one son together: 2321:

After a short illness, Colebatch died on 12 February 1953 at

2240:, where he urged for Britain to adopt conscription. When the 1367:

campaign. Like most Liberal politicians, Colebatch supported

1099:. Largely using borrowed money, he bought his own newspaper: 989: 907: 642: 449: 5822: 5820: 5681: 5679: 5666: 5664: 5627: 5625: 5588: 5586: 5501: 5499: 5426: 5424: 5337: 5335: 5298: 5296: 5258: 5256: 5073: 5071: 4998: 4996: 4983: 4981: 4979: 4894: 4892: 4867: 4865: 2224:. The official reason for visiting Germany was to go to the 1148:

in 1909. During this time, Colebatch was seen as Mitchell's

1116:

and he became Mitchell's campaign manager. Mitchell won the

4828: 4826: 4741: 4739: 4714: 4712: 4663: 4661: 4610: 4588: 4586: 4584: 4571: 4569: 4554: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4501: 4439: 4437: 4149:"Part 5 - Referendums and Plebiscites – Plebiscite results" 2216:

paid for his lectures. After that, he went to Germany with

1676:

usually neglected by the state government. When he visited

4297: 4295: 4206:"War Patriotic Fund. Work Closing. The Executive's Report" 3019: 3017: 3015: 3002: 3000: 2987: 2985: 2872: 2870: 1390:

from a prison to a holiday resort. The island was made an

5817: 5805: 5743: 5676: 5661: 5649: 5637: 5622: 5610: 5598: 5583: 5571: 5559: 5547: 5535: 5523: 5496: 5484: 5472: 5460: 5448: 5421: 5409: 5397: 5385: 5373: 5332: 5320: 5308: 5293: 5253: 5241: 5191: 5179: 5167: 5155: 5143: 5131: 5119: 5107: 5095: 5083: 5068: 5056: 5044: 5032: 5020: 5008: 4993: 4976: 4964: 4952: 4940: 4928: 4904: 4889: 4877: 4862: 4850: 4131: 4129: 4064: 4062: 4047: 3991: 3955: 3907: 3835: 3833: 3820: 3818: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3481: 3479: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3218: 3099: 3097: 2656: 2646: 2644: 2203:. When Collier decided he wanted Mitchell to be the next 1597:. The two unions often disagreed with each other and the 1517:

just east of Kalgoorlie where the railway gauge changed.

1468:

had become a pandemic, and returning soldiers aboard the

1091:

eventually collapsed, and so in 1904, Colebatch moved to

611:

in New South Wales in 1888 to work as a reporter for the

5920:

A Story of A Hundred Years: Western Australia, 1829–1929

5793: 5725:"Late Sir Hal Colebatch Traffic Halts As Cortege Passes" 4838: 4823: 4811: 4799: 4787: 4775: 4763: 4751: 4736: 4724: 4709: 4697: 4685: 4673: 4658: 4646: 4634: 4622: 4598: 4581: 4566: 4542: 4525: 4513: 4489: 4477: 4465: 4434: 4410: 1683:

He met with Hughes again to show the prime minister the

1651:

was sworn in as premier and Colebatch was appointed the

1634:, small businessmen and consignees desperate to get the 1574:. He reinstated Mitchell in the cabinet, making him the 1487:, William Montgomery, demanded that Lefroy disallow the 988:

in South Australia. At the start of 1896, they moved to

708:

was travelling interstate. Colebatch chose to close the

5781: 4422: 4292: 4280: 4236: 4224: 3762: 3581: 3041: 3012: 2997: 2982: 2970: 2942: 2898: 2867: 2855: 2811: 2748: 2524:. Vol. 8. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, 1990:, but they needed all Coalition members present in the 1866:

A Story of A Hundred Years: Western Australia 1829–1929

1031:

at the time had told the story to a journalist for the

992:, the colony's capital city, for Colebatch to join the 704:

in early 1919, Colebatch was Acting Premier as Premier

688:

becoming premier in July 1916, Colebatch was appointed

6520:

Members of the Australian Senate for Western Australia

4126: 4059: 4035: 4023: 3979: 3967: 3943: 3931: 3919: 3895: 3883: 3845: 3830: 3815: 3803: 3791: 3774: 3750: 3619: 3517: 3476: 3438: 3358: 3304: 3215: 3094: 2641: 2629: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2578: 2576: 2574: 2559: 1713:

From 1921 to 1922, Colebatch was the president of the

1589:— the National Waterside Workers Union (NWWU) and the 6525:

Members of the Western Australian Legislative Council

3029: 2329:

on 13 February at St George's Cathedral. Despite the

2311:

1948 Western Australian Legislative Council election

1630:. Among the people on the boats were Colebatch, the 1184:

He first ran for parliament in 1910, contesting the

2571: 2400:burst. Mary Maud Saunders died on 20 January 1940. 1939:question why railways were under public ownership. 2516:"Colebatch, Sir Harry Pateshall (Hal) (1872–1953)" 1734:Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George 1479:to supplement the existing quarantine facility at 1140:in 1906 and obtaining the important portfolios of 651:, but after that newspaper collapsed, he moved to 6257: 1840:upon the recommendation of the Labor government. 1581:The largest issue during his premiership was the 1220:Colebatch was initially not going to contest the 1016:. Colebatch married Saunders on 29 April 1896 in 661:. He also became friends with local bank manager 6461: 1764:On his way to England, Colebatch passed through 1998:, who was uninterested. Colebatch then went to 739:. While agent-general, he toured Italy and met 5941: 2006:in which the Scullin government was defeated. 1950:In 1930, Colebatch was the vice-chairman of a 834:. The Colebatch family once owned a castle at 755:, where he spent much of his time criticising 6243: 5889:The Western Australian Parliamentary Handbook 5878:(MA thesis). University of Western Australia. 5848:Steadfast Knight: A Life of Sir Hal Colebatch 2556:Published online 2006. Retrieved 3 March 2023 2220:, the agent-general for New South Wales, and 1359:Parliament was adjourned for seven weeks for 5905:– via Parliament of Western Australia. 5223:"Ill Effects of Federation Closely Analysed" 1974:Sitting next to Colebatch in the Senate was 1816:. He supported Australian High Commissioner 1196:on 26 September resulting from the death of 2152:for the construction of a new generator at 1066:Royal Western Australian Historical Society 910:, becoming the Broken Hill chess champion. 6250: 6236: 5875:A Political Biography of Sir Hal Colebatch 5777:– via National Library of Australia. 5739:– via National Library of Australia. 5713:– via National Library of Australia. 5369:– via National Library of Australia. 5237:– via National Library of Australia. 4358:– via National Library of Australia. 4329:– via National Library of Australia. 4220:– via National Library of Australia. 4122:– via National Library of Australia. 4096:– via National Library of Australia. 3879:– via National Library of Australia. 3698:– via National Library of Australia. 3672:– via National Library of Australia. 3615:– via National Library of Australia. 3577:– via National Library of Australia. 3551:– via National Library of Australia. 3513:– via National Library of Australia. 3472:– via National Library of Australia. 3434:– via National Library of Australia. 3392:– via National Library of Australia. 3338:– via National Library of Australia. 3284:– via National Library of Australia. 3258:– via National Library of Australia. 3211:– via National Library of Australia. 2086:and vice-president of the Dominion League 1871:While working on the book, Prime Minister 48: 6500:Colonial Secretaries of Western Australia 5927: 5916: 5842: 5826: 5811: 5799: 5749: 5685: 5670: 5655: 5643: 5631: 5616: 5604: 5592: 5577: 5565: 5553: 5541: 5529: 5517: 5505: 5490: 5478: 5466: 5454: 5442: 5430: 5415: 5403: 5391: 5379: 5341: 5326: 5314: 5302: 5262: 5247: 5209: 5197: 5185: 5173: 5161: 5149: 5137: 5125: 5113: 5101: 5089: 5077: 5062: 5050: 5038: 5026: 5014: 5002: 4987: 4970: 4958: 4946: 4934: 4922: 4910: 4898: 4883: 4871: 4856: 4844: 4832: 4817: 4805: 4793: 4781: 4769: 4757: 4745: 4730: 4718: 4703: 4691: 4679: 4667: 4652: 4640: 4628: 4616: 4604: 4592: 4575: 4560: 4548: 4536: 4519: 4507: 4495: 4483: 4471: 4455: 4443: 4416: 4400: 4270: 4254: 4188: 4172: 4009: 3768: 3740: 3724: 3708: 3640: 3587: 3402: 3348: 3294: 3179: 3163: 3147: 3131: 3115: 3084: 3023: 3006: 2991: 2976: 2960: 2948: 2932: 2916: 2888: 2876: 2861: 2845: 2829: 2817: 2801: 2785: 2769: 2754: 2738: 2722: 2706: 2690: 2674: 2662: 2650: 2635: 2619: 2565: 2489: 5868: 5787: 4459: 4428: 4404: 4301: 4286: 4274: 4258: 4242: 4230: 4192: 4176: 4135: 4068: 4053: 4041: 4029: 4017: 3997: 3985: 3973: 3961: 3949: 3937: 3925: 3913: 3901: 3889: 3851: 3839: 3824: 3809: 3797: 3785: 3756: 3744: 3728: 3712: 3644: 3625: 3523: 3485: 3444: 3406: 3364: 3352: 3310: 3298: 3230: 3183: 3167: 3151: 3135: 3119: 3103: 3088: 3047: 3035: 2964: 2936: 2920: 2904: 2892: 2849: 2833: 2805: 2789: 2773: 2742: 2726: 2710: 2694: 2678: 2623: 2510: 2493: 2205:lieutenant governor of Western Australia 2199:. He was a member of the Council of the 2183:in December 1935 and a liveryman of the 2123:on several items and it established the 2047: 2009:Colebatch was disappointed when the new 1547: 1056:had become a major political issue. The 805: 2349:, President of the Legislative Council 2170:high commissioner to the United Kingdom 2100:Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs 2074:Western Australian secession referendum 1427:1917 Australian conscription referendum 1410:and kept his previous positions in the 1365:1916 Australian conscription referendum 1248:Colebatch was part of the newly-formed 768:Western Australian secession referendum 515: 1896; died 1940) 6480:People from Northam, Western Australia 6462: 4370:"Deputy Premiers of Western Australia" 2021: 1963:, a British banker who had worked for 1877:Royal Constitution on the Constitution 1855: 1795:1924 Western Australian state election 1666: 1228:. The most likely route was to be via 946:saying that he had just purchased the 723:Colebatch served as a minister in the 585:Western Australian Legislative Council 337:Western Australian Legislative Council 198:Western Australian Legislative Council 6495:Mayors of places in Western Australia 6231: 5882: 4082:"Conscription: The Coming Referendum" 4013: 2396:and Gordon was severely injured by a 1793:Soon after he arrived in London, the 1402:, and in June, the new party elected 1222:May 1912 Legislative Council election 1027:. A police inspector who had been in 926:the following year. This triggered a 881:In 1888, aged 16, Colebatch moved to 6485:Agents-General for Western Australia 5699:"Sir Hal Colebatch Served W.A. Well" 2270: 2201:Imperial Society of Knights Bachelor 1980:Australian Labor Party split of 1931 1888: 922:, in 1892 and at the nearby town of 913: 864:, compositor and office boy for the 280:1 July 1929 – 20 March 1933 137:27 July 1916 – 17 June 1923 75:17 April 1919 – 17 May 1919 6565:20th-century Australian politicians 6012:1 July 1929 – 20 March 1933 2460:did not become official until 1955. 2458:Deputy Premier of Western Australia 2373:. Federal Minister for Territories 2222:Arthur Balfour, 1st Baron Riverdale 2181:Worshipful Company of Glass Sellers 2068:in London holding the Dominion Flag 1738:Agent-General for Western Australia 1717:. He was also a life member of the 822:Anglicans. They are descended from 210:22 May 1912 – 17 June 1923 179:17 May 1919 – 3 April 1921 13: 6490:Journalists from Western Australia 6071:22 May 1912 – 17 June 1923 5910: 5280:State Library of Western Australia 2521:Australian Dictionary of Biography 2191:. He represented Australia at the 2187:some time later. He also became a 1875:asked for Colebatch to sit on the 665:and convinced Mitchell to run for 349:22 May 1940 – 21 May 1948 14: 6591: 6115:22 May 1940 – 21 May 1948 5956: 2249:International Chamber of Commerce 2185:Worshipful Company of Fishmongers 1927:Western Australia's gold industry 1797:occurred, in which Labor, led by 1179: 587:for nearly 20 years, the twelfth 583:politics. He was a member of the 6580:Australian justices of the peace 6515:Members of the Australian Senate 6448: 5967: 5755: 5717: 5691: 5347: 5268: 5215: 4362: 4307: 4198: 4141: 2463: 2450: 2384: 2207:, Colebatch negotiated with the 2108:Parliament of the United Kingdom 2064:and Hal Colebatch on top of the 1759: 1585:. Stevedores from two different 1314: 1243: 1095:, a town in Western Australia's 889:, working as a reporter for the 735:beat Mitchell in an election in 700:outbreak in South Australia and 6555:Treasurers of Western Australia 6050:Parliament of Western Australia 5836: 4377:Parliament of Western Australia 4100: 4074: 3857: 3676: 3650: 3593: 3555: 3537:"Legislative Council Elections" 3529: 3491: 3450: 3412: 3370: 3316: 3262: 3236: 3189: 3053: 2600:Parliament of Western Australia 2438: 2425: 2300:Perth central business district 2026: 759:, blaming it for worsening the 641:. Two years later, he moved to 601:Western Australian secessionism 536: 512: 6510:English emigrants to Australia 5361:. 1 September 1934. p. 19 5229:. 19 February 1933. p. 14 4088:. 18 September 1916. p. 8 3330:. 30 September 1910. p. 5 3065:Parliamentary Education Office 2526:Australian National University 2413:Hal Gibson Pateshall Colebatch 2125:Commonwealth Grants Commission 1599:Commonwealth Arbitration Board 1459: 1319:In July 1916, the Liberal and 1212:. He was narrowly defeated by 1014:Goldfields Water Supply Scheme 452:, Western Australia, Australia 1: 6535:Premiers of Western Australia 6259:Premiers of Western Australia 5731:. 14 February 1953. p. 7 5705:. 13 February 1953. p. 2 3871:. 8 February 1913. p. 11 3690:. 21 November 1912. p. 7 3664:. 12 November 1912. p. 7 3250:. 18 November 1909. p. 8 3061:"The Federation of Australia" 2476: 2189:freeman of the City of London 2148:In 1933, Colebatch issued an 1895:senator for Western Australia 1641:University of New South Wales 1553: 1323:parties cooperated to pass a 1226:transcontinental railway line 1132:candidate, and held it until 982: 920:Coolgardie, Western Australia 669:. Colebatch was the mayor of 617:Western Australian Goldfields 572:Sir Harry Pateshall Colebatch 94:Sir William Ellison-Macartney 6190:27 July 1916 – 17 June 1923 6163:17 April 1919 – 17 May 1919 6159:Premier of Western Australia 5942:Colebatch, Hal (1922–1949), 5917:Colebatch, Hal, ed. (1929). 4114:. 28 October 1916. p. 8 3276:. 29 October 1909. p. 5 2197:coronation of King George VI 2034:Western Australian secession 1982:, Dunn joined the breakaway 1018:St George's Cathedral, Perth 856:, where they had relatives. 589:Premier of Western Australia 63:Premier of Western Australia 7: 6540:Australian Knights Bachelor 6214:17 May 1919 – 3 April 1921 5852:Fremantle Arts Centre Press 4315:"Exit Wilson; Enter Lefroy" 3384:. 5 October 1911. p. 8 2345:, Deputy Opposition Leader 1893:Colebatch was elected as a 1657:minister for the north-west 615:. In 1894, he moved to the 10: 6596: 6210:Minister for Public Health 5934:, [The author – via 3569:. 26 April 1912. p. 8 3543:. 22 April 1912. p. 7 3505:. 2 March 1912. p. 11 3426:. 29 March 1912. p. 7 2113:constitutional conventions 1916:, Colebatch spoke against 1655:, minister for education, 1543: 1128:, defeating the incumbent 1082: 780:constitutional conventions 167:Minister for Public Health 18: 6446: 6265: 6216: 6207: 6202: 6192: 6183: 6175: 6165: 6156: 6148: 6143: 6129: 6107: 6099: 6089: 6063: 6055: 6048: 6038: 6001: 5989: 5982: 5931:Unpublished autobiography 4350:. 28 June 1917. p. 7 4321:. 24 June 1917. p. 8 3464:. 1 March 1912. p. 8 2596:"Hal Pateshall Colebatch" 2409:St Andrew's Church, Perth 1976:James Patrick Digger Dunn 1868:, was published in 1929. 1810:British Empire Exhibition 1583:1919 Fremantle Wharf riot 1350:Minister for Water Supply 714:1919 Fremantle Wharf riot 710:Western Australian border 565: 557: 547: 491: 466: 456: 439: 415:Harry Pateshall Colebatch 410: 405: 401: 391: 375: 363: 342: 334: 322: 306: 273: 262: 252: 240: 228: 203: 195: 183: 172: 165: 153: 141: 130: 123: 111: 99: 89: 79: 68: 60: 56: 47: 30: 5769:. 13 May 1953. p. 1 4212:. 29 May 1922. p. 6 3607:. 5 June 1912. p. 7 3601:"East Province Election" 3203:. 8 July 1905. p. 8 2418: 2316: 2309:Colebatch contested the 2193:funeral of King George V 2154:East Perth Power Station 2143: 1992:House of Representatives 1659:and the new position of 1653:minister for agriculture 1593:(FLU) — were working at 1421:occurred soon after the 1361:ministerial by-elections 751:, he was elected to the 5984:Parliament of Australia 5928:Colebatch, Hal (1949), 4153:Parliament of Australia 1732:, Colebatch was made a 1685:Group Settlement Scheme 1591:Fremantle Lumpers Union 1499:Australian constitution 1054:federation of Australia 1012:'s announcement of the 938:, by then known as the 918:Gold was discovered at 854:Goolwa, South Australia 673:between 1909 and 1912. 623:there, working for the 593:agent-general in London 6575:Australian monarchists 6186:Minister for Education 5763:"W.A. Knight's Estate" 2281:The Northam Advertiser 2234:Joachim von Ribbentrop 2069: 2011:United Australia Party 1754:The Northam Advertiser 1719:Royal Perth Yacht Club 1700:V. S. Srinivasa Sastri 1689:Fairbridge Farm School 1632:commissioner of police 1568:minister for education 1559: 1537: 1501:, it did very little. 1338:Minister for Education 1102:The Northam Advertiser 788:The Northam Advertiser 690:Minister for Education 658:The Northam Advertiser 595:for five years, and a 561:Journalist, politician 481:United Australia Party 125:Minister for Education 21:Hal Colebatch (author) 6111:Metropolitan Province 5923:. Government Printer. 4108:"Perth's Final Rally" 3684:"Municipal Elections" 3378:"Country Electorates" 3244:"Municipal Elections" 2292:Metropolitan Province 2140:to defend Fremantle. 2088:James MacCallum Smith 2072:On 8 April 1933, the 2062:James MacCallum Smith 2051: 1899:1928 federal election 1834:1927 New Year Honours 1730:1923 New Year Honours 1572:minister for railways 1551: 1527: 1454:resulting by-election 1346:Minister for Railways 1325:vote of no confidence 1025:members of parliament 836:Colebatch, Shropshire 806:Early life and career 784:Metropolitan Province 591:for a month in 1919, 526:Marion Frances Gibson 396:Metropolitan Province 351:Serving with 282:Serving with 212:Serving with 16:Australian politician 5976:at Wikimedia Commons 5844:Colebatch, Hal G. P. 3865:"The Liberal League" 2323:Royal Perth Hospital 2150:invitation to tender 2052:From left to right: 1945:Singapore Naval Base 1943:construction of the 1750:Education Department 1715:West Australian Club 1286:Court of Arbitration 1161:justice of the peace 1118:Legislative Assembly 1000:British Australasian 830:who was knighted by 6505:English politicians 6125:James Gordon Hislop 5767:The West Australian 5729:The West Australian 5703:The West Australian 5520:, p. 197, 202. 5445:, p. 183, 219. 5359:The West Australian 5212:, pp. 165–167. 4925:, pp. 112–113. 4348:The West Australian 4210:The West Australian 4112:The West Australian 3869:The West Australian 3688:The West Australian 3662:The West Australian 3605:The West Australian 3567:The West Australian 3563:"The East Province" 3541:The West Australian 3503:The West Australian 3462:The West Australian 3424:The West Australian 3382:The West Australian 3328:The West Australian 3274:The West Australian 3248:The West Australian 3201:The West Australian 2693:, pp. 16, 19; 2622:, pp. 16, 19; 2379:Karrakatta Cemetery 2218:Albert Edward Heath 2175:Colebatch became a 2138:9.2-inch naval guns 2104:Edward John Harding 2036:and had joined the 2022:Agent-general again 2016:Imperial Preference 1954:to investigate the 1856:Return to Australia 1830:1927 state election 1723:1921 state election 1667:Mitchell Government 1661:minister for health 1612:Hal G. P. Colebatch 1419:1917 state election 1279:. He felt that the 1210:1911 state election 1190:Legislative Council 1126:1905 state election 1062:Archibald Sanderson 800:Karrakatta Cemetery 794:. He contested the 682:Legislative Council 552:Hal G. P. Colebatch 502:Mary Maude Saunders 461:Karrakatta Cemetery 357:James Gordon Hislop 6169:Sir James Mitchell 6144:Political offices 6117:Served alongside: 6073:Served alongside: 6014:Served alongside: 5950:J S Battye Library 5936:J S Battye Library 2891:, pp. 32–33; 2832:, pp. 26–27; 2407:. They married at 2363:George Lowe Sutton 2337:, Chief Secretary 2226:Leipzig Trade Fair 2130:Fremantle Fortress 2079:British Parliament 2070: 1988:Scullin government 1956:standing committee 1772:, Colebatch found 1576:minister for lands 1564:Colonial Treasurer 1560: 1485:mayor of Fremantle 1464:By late 1918, the 1448:resigned from the 1342:Colonial Secretary 1281:Perth City Council 971:largest town. The 870:Norwood Free Press 866:Norwood Free Press 790:about his view on 772:British Parliament 694:Colonial Secretary 581:Western Australian 118:Sir James Mitchell 6457: 6456: 6226: 6225: 6217:Succeeded by 6193:Succeeded by 6166:Succeeded by 6130:Succeeded by 6090:Succeeded by 6039:Succeeded by 6008:Western Australia 5972:Media related to 5902:978-1-925580-43-3 4619:, pp. 65–66. 4563:, pp. 62–63. 4510:, pp. 58–59. 4462:, pp. 18–19. 4277:, pp. 67–68. 4056:, pp. 62–63. 4000:, pp. 27–28. 3964:, pp. 59–60. 3916:, pp. 42–43. 3747:, pp. 28–29. 2967:, pp. 11–12. 2665:, pp. 14–15. 2535:978-0-522-84459-7 2367:William Pickering 2355:Joseph Totterdell 2271:Back in Australia 2242:Perth Trades Hall 2136:, which included 2004:an early election 1889:Australian Senate 1882:Australian Senate 1862:state's centenary 1785:, he developed a 1595:Fremantle Harbour 1450:seat of Claremont 1400:Nationalist Party 1252:, however in his 932:Western Australia 930:in the colony of 914:Western Australia 753:Australian Senate 745:state's centenary 655:where he started 569: 568: 268:Western Australia 37:Sir Hal Colebatch 6587: 6452: 6252: 6245: 6238: 6229: 6228: 6176:Preceded by 6149:Preceded by 6100:Preceded by 6076:Vernon Hamersley 6056:Preceded by 6026:Walter Kingsmill 5990:Preceded by 5980: 5979: 5971: 5952: 5938: 5924: 5906: 5894: 5879: 5865: 5830: 5824: 5815: 5809: 5803: 5797: 5791: 5785: 5779: 5778: 5776: 5774: 5759: 5753: 5747: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5736: 5721: 5715: 5714: 5712: 5710: 5695: 5689: 5683: 5674: 5668: 5659: 5653: 5647: 5641: 5635: 5629: 5620: 5614: 5608: 5602: 5596: 5590: 5581: 5575: 5569: 5563: 5557: 5551: 5545: 5539: 5533: 5527: 5521: 5515: 5509: 5503: 5494: 5488: 5482: 5476: 5470: 5464: 5458: 5452: 5446: 5440: 5434: 5428: 5419: 5413: 5407: 5401: 5395: 5389: 5383: 5377: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5351: 5345: 5339: 5330: 5324: 5318: 5312: 5306: 5300: 5291: 5290: 5288: 5286: 5272: 5266: 5260: 5251: 5245: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5227:The Sunday Times 5219: 5213: 5207: 5201: 5195: 5189: 5183: 5177: 5171: 5165: 5159: 5153: 5147: 5141: 5135: 5129: 5123: 5117: 5111: 5105: 5099: 5093: 5087: 5081: 5075: 5066: 5060: 5054: 5048: 5042: 5036: 5030: 5024: 5018: 5012: 5006: 5000: 4991: 4985: 4974: 4968: 4962: 4956: 4950: 4944: 4938: 4932: 4926: 4920: 4914: 4908: 4902: 4896: 4887: 4881: 4875: 4869: 4860: 4854: 4848: 4842: 4836: 4830: 4821: 4815: 4809: 4803: 4797: 4791: 4785: 4779: 4773: 4767: 4761: 4755: 4749: 4743: 4734: 4728: 4722: 4716: 4707: 4701: 4695: 4689: 4683: 4677: 4671: 4665: 4656: 4650: 4644: 4638: 4632: 4626: 4620: 4614: 4608: 4602: 4596: 4590: 4579: 4573: 4564: 4558: 4552: 4546: 4540: 4534: 4523: 4517: 4511: 4505: 4499: 4493: 4487: 4481: 4475: 4469: 4463: 4453: 4447: 4441: 4432: 4426: 4420: 4414: 4408: 4398: 4389: 4388: 4386: 4384: 4374: 4366: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4355: 4344:"State Politics" 4340: 4331: 4330: 4328: 4326: 4311: 4305: 4299: 4290: 4284: 4278: 4268: 4262: 4252: 4246: 4240: 4234: 4228: 4222: 4221: 4219: 4217: 4202: 4196: 4186: 4180: 4170: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4159: 4145: 4139: 4133: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4119: 4104: 4098: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4078: 4072: 4066: 4057: 4051: 4045: 4039: 4033: 4027: 4021: 4007: 4001: 3995: 3989: 3983: 3977: 3971: 3965: 3959: 3953: 3947: 3941: 3935: 3929: 3923: 3917: 3911: 3905: 3899: 3893: 3887: 3881: 3880: 3878: 3876: 3861: 3855: 3849: 3843: 3837: 3828: 3822: 3813: 3807: 3801: 3795: 3789: 3783: 3772: 3766: 3760: 3754: 3748: 3738: 3732: 3722: 3716: 3706: 3700: 3699: 3697: 3695: 3680: 3674: 3673: 3671: 3669: 3654: 3648: 3638: 3629: 3623: 3617: 3616: 3614: 3612: 3597: 3591: 3585: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3574: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3550: 3548: 3533: 3527: 3521: 3515: 3514: 3512: 3510: 3499:"Liberal League" 3495: 3489: 3483: 3474: 3473: 3471: 3469: 3458:"Liberal League" 3454: 3448: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3420:"State Politics" 3416: 3410: 3400: 3394: 3393: 3391: 3389: 3374: 3368: 3362: 3356: 3346: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3335: 3324:"State Politics" 3320: 3314: 3308: 3302: 3292: 3286: 3285: 3283: 3281: 3266: 3260: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3240: 3234: 3228: 3213: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3193: 3187: 3177: 3171: 3161: 3155: 3145: 3139: 3129: 3123: 3113: 3107: 3101: 3092: 3082: 3076: 3075: 3073: 3071: 3057: 3051: 3045: 3039: 3033: 3027: 3021: 3010: 3004: 2995: 2989: 2980: 2974: 2968: 2958: 2952: 2946: 2940: 2930: 2924: 2914: 2908: 2902: 2896: 2886: 2880: 2874: 2865: 2859: 2853: 2843: 2837: 2827: 2821: 2815: 2809: 2799: 2793: 2783: 2777: 2767: 2758: 2752: 2746: 2736: 2730: 2720: 2714: 2704: 2698: 2688: 2682: 2672: 2666: 2660: 2654: 2648: 2639: 2633: 2627: 2617: 2611: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2592: 2569: 2563: 2557: 2555: 2508: 2497: 2487: 2470: 2467: 2461: 2456:The position of 2454: 2448: 2442: 2436: 2429: 2325:. He received a 2209:Dominions Office 1952:select committee 1914:Great Depression 1907:Walter Kingsmill 1846:Benito Mussolini 1836:, he was made a 1721:. Following the 1704:Margaret Forrest 1558: 1555: 1290:select committee 1198:George Throssell 1114:state parliament 1046:sergeant-at-arms 1041:Kalgoorlie Miner 1037:Kalgoorlie Miner 1029:Parliament House 987: 984: 978:Kalgoorlie Miner 875:Petersburg Times 776:select committee 761:Great Depression 741:Benito Mussolini 667:state parliament 634:Kalgoorlie Miner 578: 540: 538: 516: 514: 446: 443:12 February 1953 424: 422: 406:Personal details 378: 366: 347: 325: 309: 292:Walter Kingsmill 278: 243: 231: 214:Vernon Hamersley 208: 186: 177: 156: 144: 135: 114: 106:Sir Henry Lefroy 102: 73: 52: 28: 27: 6595: 6594: 6590: 6589: 6588: 6586: 6585: 6584: 6460: 6459: 6458: 6453: 6444: 6261: 6256: 6222: 6213: 6198: 6189: 6181: 6171: 6162: 6154: 6139: 6135: 6123: 6116: 6114: 6105: 6095: 6093:William Carroll 6079: 6072: 6070: 6061: 6044: 6042:Herbert Collett 6034:Bertie Johnston 6030:William Carroll 6024: 6013: 6011: 5999: 5995: 5959: 5913: 5911:Further reading 5903: 5892: 5870:De Garis, Brian 5862: 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4824: 4816: 4812: 4804: 4800: 4792: 4788: 4780: 4776: 4768: 4764: 4756: 4752: 4744: 4737: 4729: 4725: 4717: 4710: 4702: 4698: 4690: 4686: 4678: 4674: 4666: 4659: 4651: 4647: 4639: 4635: 4627: 4623: 4615: 4611: 4603: 4599: 4591: 4582: 4574: 4567: 4559: 4555: 4547: 4543: 4535: 4526: 4518: 4514: 4506: 4502: 4494: 4490: 4482: 4478: 4470: 4466: 4454: 4450: 4442: 4435: 4427: 4423: 4415: 4411: 4399: 4392: 4382: 4380: 4379:. 20 March 2017 4372: 4368: 4367: 4363: 4353: 4351: 4342: 4341: 4334: 4324: 4322: 4313: 4312: 4308: 4300: 4293: 4285: 4281: 4269: 4265: 4253: 4249: 4241: 4237: 4229: 4225: 4215: 4213: 4204: 4203: 4199: 4187: 4183: 4171: 4167: 4157: 4155: 4147: 4146: 4142: 4134: 4127: 4117: 4115: 4106: 4105: 4101: 4091: 4089: 4080: 4079: 4075: 4067: 4060: 4052: 4048: 4040: 4036: 4028: 4024: 4016:, p. 266; 4008: 4004: 3996: 3992: 3984: 3980: 3972: 3968: 3960: 3956: 3948: 3944: 3936: 3932: 3924: 3920: 3912: 3908: 3900: 3896: 3888: 3884: 3874: 3872: 3863: 3862: 3858: 3850: 3846: 3838: 3831: 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519: 518: 510: 506: 503: 483: 479: 474: 467:Political party 448: 444: 426: 420: 418: 417: 416: 384: 376: 364: 359: 348: 343: 329:Herbert Collett 323: 315: 307: 302: 300:Bertie Johnston 296:William Carroll 279: 274: 247:William Carroll 241: 229: 224: 209: 204: 184: 178: 173: 154: 142: 136: 131: 112: 100: 74: 69: 43: 38: 35: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6593: 6583: 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6547: 6542: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6455: 6454: 6447: 6445: 6443: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6277: 6272: 6266: 6263: 6262: 6255: 6254: 6247: 6240: 6232: 6224: 6223: 6218: 6215: 6206: 6200: 6199: 6194: 6191: 6182: 6177: 6173: 6172: 6167: 6164: 6155: 6150: 6146: 6145: 6141: 6140: 6131: 6128: 6120:Leonard Bolton 6106: 6103:James Franklin 6101: 6097: 6096: 6091: 6088: 6085:Charles Baxter 6081:Thomas Wilding 6062: 6059:Warren Marwick 6057: 6053: 6052: 6046: 6045: 6040: 6037: 6000: 5993:Charles Graham 5991: 5987: 5986: 5978: 5977: 5965: 5958: 5957:External links 5955: 5954: 5953: 5939: 5925: 5912: 5909: 5908: 5907: 5901: 5880: 5866: 5860: 5838: 5835: 5832: 5831: 5829:, p. 260. 5827:Colebatch 2004 5816: 5814:, p. 234. 5812:Colebatch 2004 5804: 5800:Colebatch 2004 5792: 5780: 5754: 5752:, p. 289. 5750:Colebatch 2004 5742: 5716: 5690: 5688:, p. 287. 5686:Colebatch 2004 5675: 5673:, p. 274. 5671:Colebatch 2004 5660: 5658:, p. 238. 5656:Colebatch 2004 5648: 5646:, p. 237. 5644:Colebatch 2004 5636: 5634:, p. 228. 5632:Colebatch 2004 5621: 5619:, p. 225. 5617:Colebatch 2004 5609: 5607:, p. 220. 5605:Colebatch 2004 5597: 5595:, p. 216. 5593:Colebatch 2004 5582: 5580:, p. 212. 5578:Colebatch 2004 5570: 5568:, p. 210. 5566:Colebatch 2004 5558: 5556:, p. 208. 5554:Colebatch 2004 5546: 5544:, p. 206. 5542:Colebatch 2004 5534: 5532:, p. 203. 5530:Colebatch 2004 5522: 5518:Colebatch 2004 5510: 5508:, p. 196. 5506:Colebatch 2004 5495: 5493:, p. 194. 5491:Colebatch 2004 5483: 5481:, p. 193. 5479:Colebatch 2004 5471: 5469:, p. 188. 5467:Colebatch 2004 5459: 5457:, p. 184. 5455:Colebatch 2004 5447: 5443:Colebatch 2004 5435: 5433:, p. 180. 5431:Colebatch 2004 5420: 5418:, p. 179. 5416:Colebatch 2004 5408: 5406:, p. 178. 5404:Colebatch 2004 5396: 5394:, p. 176. 5392:Colebatch 2004 5384: 5382:, p. 174. 5380:Colebatch 2004 5372: 5346: 5344:, p. 173. 5342:Colebatch 2004 5331: 5329:, p. 172. 5327:Colebatch 2004 5319: 5317:, p. 171. 5315:Colebatch 2004 5307: 5305:, p. 170. 5303:Colebatch 2004 5292: 5267: 5265:, p. 175. 5263:Colebatch 2004 5252: 5250:, p. 167. 5248:Colebatch 2004 5240: 5214: 5210:Colebatch 2004 5202: 5200:, p. 165. 5198:Colebatch 2004 5190: 5188:, p. 164. 5186:Colebatch 2004 5178: 5176:, p. 157. 5174:Colebatch 2004 5166: 5164:, p. 156. 5162:Colebatch 2004 5154: 5152:, p. 155. 5150:Colebatch 2004 5142: 5140:, p. 154. 5138:Colebatch 2004 5130: 5128:, p. 145. 5126:Colebatch 2004 5118: 5116:, p. 144. 5114:Colebatch 2004 5106: 5104:, p. 143. 5102:Colebatch 2004 5094: 5092:, p. 132. 5090:Colebatch 2004 5082: 5080:, p. 142. 5078:Colebatch 2004 5067: 5065:, p. 140. 5063:Colebatch 2004 5055: 5053:, p. 139. 5051:Colebatch 2004 5043: 5041:, p. 138. 5039:Colebatch 2004 5031: 5029:, p. 134. 5027:Colebatch 2004 5019: 5017:, p. 130. 5015:Colebatch 2004 5007: 5005:, p. 128. 5003:Colebatch 2004 4992: 4990:, p. 129. 4988:Colebatch 2004 4975: 4973:, p. 127. 4971:Colebatch 2004 4963: 4961:, p. 126. 4959:Colebatch 2004 4951: 4949:, p. 118. 4947:Colebatch 2004 4939: 4937:, p. 117. 4935:Colebatch 2004 4927: 4923:Colebatch 2004 4915: 4913:, p. 116. 4911:Colebatch 2004 4903: 4901:, p. 106. 4899:Colebatch 2004 4888: 4886:, p. 105. 4884:Colebatch 2004 4876: 4874:, p. 104. 4872:Colebatch 2004 4861: 4859:, p. 100. 4857:Colebatch 2004 4849: 4845:Colebatch 2004 4837: 4833:Colebatch 2004 4822: 4818:Colebatch 2004 4810: 4806:Colebatch 2004 4798: 4794:Colebatch 2004 4786: 4782:Colebatch 2004 4774: 4770:Colebatch 2004 4762: 4758:Colebatch 2004 4750: 4746:Colebatch 2004 4735: 4731:Colebatch 2004 4723: 4719:Colebatch 2004 4708: 4704:Colebatch 2004 4696: 4692:Colebatch 2004 4684: 4680:Colebatch 2004 4672: 4668:Colebatch 2004 4657: 4653:Colebatch 2004 4645: 4641:Colebatch 2004 4633: 4629:Colebatch 2004 4621: 4617:Colebatch 2004 4609: 4605:Colebatch 2004 4597: 4593:Colebatch 2004 4580: 4576:Colebatch 2004 4565: 4561:Colebatch 2004 4553: 4549:Colebatch 2004 4541: 4537:Colebatch 2004 4524: 4520:Colebatch 2004 4512: 4508:Colebatch 2004 4500: 4496:Colebatch 2004 4488: 4484:Colebatch 2004 4476: 4472:Colebatch 2004 4464: 4458:, p. 63; 4456:Colebatch 2004 4448: 4444:Colebatch 2004 4433: 4421: 4417:Colebatch 2004 4409: 4403:, p. 54; 4401:Colebatch 2004 4390: 4361: 4332: 4306: 4291: 4279: 4273:, p. 54; 4271:Colebatch 2004 4263: 4257:, p. 53; 4255:Colebatch 2004 4247: 4235: 4223: 4197: 4191:, p. 53; 4189:Colebatch 2004 4181: 4175:, p. 54; 4173:Colebatch 2004 4165: 4140: 4125: 4099: 4086:The Daily News 4073: 4058: 4046: 4034: 4022: 4012:, p. 51; 4010:Colebatch 2004 4002: 3990: 3978: 3966: 3954: 3942: 3930: 3918: 3906: 3894: 3882: 3856: 3844: 3829: 3814: 3802: 3790: 3773: 3769:Colebatch 2004 3761: 3749: 3743:, p. 48; 3741:Colebatch 2004 3733: 3727:, p. 47; 3725:Colebatch 2004 3717: 3711:, p. 48; 3709:Colebatch 2004 3701: 3675: 3649: 3643:, p. 47; 3641:Colebatch 2004 3630: 3618: 3592: 3588:Colebatch 2004 3580: 3554: 3528: 3516: 3490: 3475: 3449: 3437: 3411: 3405:, p. 46; 3403:Colebatch 2004 3395: 3369: 3357: 3351:, p. 46; 3349:Colebatch 2004 3341: 3315: 3303: 3297:, p. 46; 3295:Colebatch 2004 3287: 3261: 3235: 3214: 3188: 3182:, p. 43; 3180:Colebatch 2004 3172: 3166:, p. 42; 3164:Colebatch 2004 3156: 3150:, p. 42; 3148:Colebatch 2004 3140: 3134:, p. 41; 3132:Colebatch 2004 3124: 3118:, p. 41; 3116:Colebatch 2004 3108: 3093: 3087:, p. 41; 3085:Colebatch 2004 3077: 3052: 3040: 3028: 3024:Colebatch 2004 3011: 3007:Colebatch 2004 2996: 2992:Colebatch 2004 2981: 2977:Colebatch 2004 2969: 2963:, p. 37; 2961:Colebatch 2004 2953: 2949:Colebatch 2004 2941: 2935:, p. 36; 2933:Colebatch 2004 2925: 2919:, p. 36; 2917:Colebatch 2004 2909: 2897: 2889:Colebatch 2004 2881: 2877:Colebatch 2004 2866: 2862:Colebatch 2004 2854: 2848:, p. 29; 2846:Colebatch 2004 2838: 2830:Colebatch 2004 2822: 2818:Colebatch 2004 2810: 2804:, p. 26; 2802:Colebatch 2004 2794: 2788:, p. 26; 2786:Colebatch 2004 2778: 2772:, p. 25; 2770:Colebatch 2004 2759: 2755:Colebatch 2004 2747: 2741:, p. 22; 2739:Colebatch 2004 2731: 2725:, p. 21; 2723:Colebatch 2004 2715: 2709:, p. 21; 2707:Colebatch 2004 2699: 2691:Colebatch 2004 2683: 2677:, p. 14; 2675:Colebatch 2004 2667: 2663:Colebatch 2004 2655: 2651:Colebatch 2004 2640: 2636:Colebatch 2004 2628: 2620:Colebatch 2004 2612: 2570: 2566:Colebatch 2004 2558: 2534: 2498: 2492:, p. 13; 2490:Colebatch 2004 2481: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2471: 2462: 2449: 2437: 2423: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2386: 2383: 2331:state election 2318: 2315: 2272: 2269: 2145: 2142: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 1936:standard gauge 1890: 1887: 1857: 1854: 1814:British Empire 1799:Philip Collier 1761: 1758: 1696:S. F. Newcombe 1668: 1665: 1649:James Mitchell 1545: 1542: 1523:prime minister 1494:eastern states 1461: 1458: 1408:deputy premier 1316: 1313: 1277:trams in Perth 1266:Brian De Garis 1245: 1242: 1202:Warren Marwick 1181: 1180:State politics 1178: 1150:éminence grise 1110:James Mitchell 1089:Morning Herald 1084: 1081: 1058:Morning Herald 1033:Morning Herald 995:Morning Herald 962:Southern Cross 944:Sidney Hocking 915: 912: 824:John Colebatch 807: 804: 731:government as 725:James ministry 684:in 1912. Upon 663:James Mitchell 648:Morning Herald 619:following the 567: 566: 563: 562: 559: 555: 554: 549: 545: 544: 532: 528: 525: 524: 523: 522: 508: 504: 501: 500: 499: 498: 495: 493: 489: 488: 468: 464: 463: 458: 454: 453: 447:(aged 80) 441: 437: 436: 414: 412: 408: 407: 403: 402: 399: 398: 393: 389: 388: 379: 373: 372: 370:James Franklin 367: 361: 360: 353:Leonard Bolton 350: 340: 339: 335:Member of the 332: 331: 326: 320: 319: 313:Charles Graham 310: 304: 303: 281: 271: 270: 260: 259: 254: 250: 249: 244: 238: 237: 235:Warren Marwick 232: 226: 225: 222:Charles Baxter 218:Thomas Wilding 211: 201: 200: 196:Member of the 193: 192: 187: 181: 180: 170: 169: 163: 162: 157: 151: 150: 145: 139: 138: 128: 127: 121: 120: 115: 109: 108: 103: 97: 96: 91: 87: 86: 81: 77: 76: 66: 65: 58: 57: 54: 53: 45: 44: 39: 36: 33:The Honourable 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6592: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6467: 6465: 6451: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6268: 6267: 6264: 6260: 6253: 6248: 6246: 6241: 6239: 6234: 6233: 6230: 6221: 6212: 6211: 6205: 6201: 6197: 6188: 6187: 6180: 6179:Thomas Walker 6174: 6170: 6161: 6160: 6153: 6147: 6142: 6138: 6134: 6127: 6126: 6121: 6113: 6112: 6104: 6098: 6094: 6087: 6086: 6082: 6077: 6069: 6068: 6067:East Province 6060: 6054: 6051: 6047: 6043: 6036: 6035: 6031: 6027: 6022: 6021:Patrick Lynch 6018: 6017:George Pearce 6010: 6009: 6005: 5998: 5994: 5988: 5985: 5981: 5975: 5974:Hal Colebatch 5970: 5966: 5964: 5963:Maiden speech 5961: 5960: 5951: 5947: 5946: 5940: 5937: 5933: 5932: 5926: 5922: 5921: 5915: 5914: 5904: 5898: 5891: 5890: 5885: 5881: 5877: 5876: 5871: 5867: 5863: 5861:1-920731-39-3 5857: 5853: 5849: 5845: 5841: 5840: 5828: 5823: 5821: 5813: 5808: 5802:, p. 53. 5801: 5796: 5790:, p. 14. 5789: 5788:De Garis 1962 5784: 5768: 5764: 5758: 5751: 5746: 5730: 5726: 5720: 5704: 5700: 5694: 5687: 5682: 5680: 5672: 5667: 5665: 5657: 5652: 5645: 5640: 5633: 5628: 5626: 5618: 5613: 5606: 5601: 5594: 5589: 5587: 5579: 5574: 5567: 5562: 5555: 5550: 5543: 5538: 5531: 5526: 5519: 5514: 5507: 5502: 5500: 5492: 5487: 5480: 5475: 5468: 5463: 5456: 5451: 5444: 5439: 5432: 5427: 5425: 5417: 5412: 5405: 5400: 5393: 5388: 5381: 5376: 5360: 5356: 5350: 5343: 5338: 5336: 5328: 5323: 5316: 5311: 5304: 5299: 5297: 5281: 5277: 5271: 5264: 5259: 5257: 5249: 5244: 5228: 5224: 5218: 5211: 5206: 5199: 5194: 5187: 5182: 5175: 5170: 5163: 5158: 5151: 5146: 5139: 5134: 5127: 5122: 5115: 5110: 5103: 5098: 5091: 5086: 5079: 5074: 5072: 5064: 5059: 5052: 5047: 5040: 5035: 5028: 5023: 5016: 5011: 5004: 4999: 4997: 4989: 4984: 4982: 4980: 4972: 4967: 4960: 4955: 4948: 4943: 4936: 4931: 4924: 4919: 4912: 4907: 4900: 4895: 4893: 4885: 4880: 4873: 4868: 4866: 4858: 4853: 4847:, p. 99. 4846: 4841: 4835:, p. 98. 4834: 4829: 4827: 4820:, p. 97. 4819: 4814: 4808:, p. 92. 4807: 4802: 4796:, p. 91. 4795: 4790: 4784:, p. 88. 4783: 4778: 4772:, p. 85. 4771: 4766: 4760:, p. 84. 4759: 4754: 4748:, p. 83. 4747: 4742: 4740: 4733:, p. 82. 4732: 4727: 4721:, p. 81. 4720: 4715: 4713: 4706:, p. 80. 4705: 4700: 4694:, p. 76. 4693: 4688: 4682:, p. 75. 4681: 4676: 4670:, p. 74. 4669: 4664: 4662: 4655:, p. 73. 4654: 4649: 4643:, p. 67. 4642: 4637: 4631:, p. 66. 4630: 4625: 4618: 4613: 4607:, p. 65. 4606: 4601: 4595:, p. 64. 4594: 4589: 4587: 4585: 4578:, p. 63. 4577: 4572: 4570: 4562: 4557: 4551:, p. 62. 4550: 4545: 4539:, p. 61. 4538: 4533: 4531: 4529: 4522:, p. 60. 4521: 4516: 4509: 4504: 4498:, p. 59. 4497: 4492: 4486:, p. 58. 4485: 4480: 4474:, p. 57. 4473: 4468: 4461: 4460:De Garis 1962 4457: 4452: 4446:, p. 55. 4445: 4440: 4438: 4431:, p. 74. 4430: 4429:De Garis 1962 4425: 4419:, p. 54. 4418: 4413: 4407:, p. 73. 4406: 4405:De Garis 1962 4402: 4397: 4395: 4378: 4371: 4365: 4349: 4345: 4339: 4337: 4320: 4316: 4310: 4304:, p. 72. 4303: 4302:De Garis 1962 4298: 4296: 4289:, p. 71. 4288: 4287:De Garis 1962 4283: 4276: 4275:De Garis 1962 4272: 4267: 4261:, p. 67. 4260: 4259:De Garis 1962 4256: 4251: 4245:, p. 66. 4244: 4243:De Garis 1962 4239: 4233:, p. 65. 4232: 4231:De Garis 1962 4227: 4211: 4207: 4201: 4195:, p. 75. 4194: 4193:De Garis 1962 4190: 4185: 4179:, p. 64. 4178: 4177:De Garis 1962 4174: 4169: 4154: 4150: 4144: 4138:, p. 64. 4137: 4136:De Garis 1962 4132: 4130: 4113: 4109: 4103: 4087: 4083: 4077: 4071:, p. 63. 4070: 4069:De Garis 1962 4065: 4063: 4055: 4054:De Garis 1962 4050: 4044:, p. 62. 4043: 4042:De Garis 1962 4038: 4032:, p. 61. 4031: 4030:De Garis 1962 4026: 4020:, p. 60. 4019: 4018:De Garis 1962 4015: 4011: 4006: 3999: 3998:De Garis 1962 3994: 3988:, p. 58. 3987: 3986:De Garis 1962 3982: 3976:, p. 56. 3975: 3974:De Garis 1962 3970: 3963: 3962:De Garis 1962 3958: 3952:, p. 49. 3951: 3950:De Garis 1962 3946: 3940:, p. 46. 3939: 3938:De Garis 1962 3934: 3928:, p. 45. 3927: 3926:De Garis 1962 3922: 3915: 3914:De Garis 1962 3910: 3904:, p. 40. 3903: 3902:De Garis 1962 3898: 3892:, p. 37. 3891: 3890:De Garis 1962 3886: 3870: 3866: 3860: 3854:, p. 47. 3853: 3852:De Garis 1962 3848: 3842:, p. 39. 3841: 3840:De Garis 1962 3836: 3834: 3827:, p. 34. 3826: 3825:De Garis 1962 3821: 3819: 3812:, p. 33. 3811: 3810:De Garis 1962 3806: 3800:, p. 32. 3799: 3798:De Garis 1962 3794: 3788:, p. 31. 3787: 3786:De Garis 1962 3782: 3780: 3778: 3771:, p. 50. 3770: 3765: 3759:, p. 29. 3758: 3757:De Garis 1962 3753: 3746: 3745:De Garis 1962 3742: 3737: 3731:, p. 28. 3730: 3729:De Garis 1962 3726: 3721: 3715:, p. 28. 3714: 3713:De Garis 1962 3710: 3705: 3689: 3685: 3679: 3663: 3659: 3653: 3647:, p. 30. 3646: 3645:De Garis 1962 3642: 3637: 3635: 3628:, p. 25. 3627: 3626:De Garis 1962 3622: 3606: 3602: 3596: 3590:, p. 47. 3589: 3584: 3568: 3564: 3558: 3542: 3538: 3532: 3526:, p. 21. 3525: 3524:De Garis 1962 3520: 3504: 3500: 3494: 3488:, p. 36. 3487: 3486:De Garis 1962 3482: 3480: 3463: 3459: 3453: 3447:, p. 35. 3446: 3445:De Garis 1962 3441: 3425: 3421: 3415: 3409:, p. 26. 3408: 3407:De Garis 1962 3404: 3399: 3383: 3379: 3373: 3367:, p. 20. 3366: 3365:De Garis 1962 3361: 3355:, p. 20. 3354: 3353:De Garis 1962 3350: 3345: 3329: 3325: 3319: 3313:, p. 19. 3312: 3311:De Garis 1962 3307: 3301:, p. 16. 3300: 3299:De Garis 1962 3296: 3291: 3275: 3271: 3265: 3249: 3245: 3239: 3233:, p. 16. 3232: 3231:De Garis 1962 3227: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3202: 3198: 3192: 3186:, p. 13. 3185: 3184:De Garis 1962 3181: 3176: 3170:, p. 16. 3169: 3168:De Garis 1962 3165: 3160: 3154:, p. 15. 3153: 3152:De Garis 1962 3149: 3144: 3138:, p. 15. 3137: 3136:De Garis 1962 3133: 3128: 3122:, p. 14. 3121: 3120:De Garis 1962 3117: 3112: 3106:, p. 13. 3105: 3104:De Garis 1962 3100: 3098: 3091:, p. 12. 3090: 3089:De Garis 1962 3086: 3081: 3066: 3062: 3056: 3049: 3048:De Garis 1962 3044: 3037: 3036:De Garis 1962 3032: 3026:, p. 41. 3025: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3009:, p. 40. 3008: 3003: 3001: 2994:, p. 39. 2993: 2988: 2986: 2979:, p. 38. 2978: 2973: 2966: 2965:De Garis 1962 2962: 2957: 2951:, p. 36. 2950: 2945: 2939:, p. 11. 2938: 2937:De Garis 1962 2934: 2929: 2922: 2921:De Garis 1962 2918: 2913: 2906: 2905:De Garis 1962 2901: 2894: 2893:De Garis 1962 2890: 2885: 2879:, p. 33. 2878: 2873: 2871: 2864:, p. 30. 2863: 2858: 2851: 2850:De Garis 1962 2847: 2842: 2835: 2834:De Garis 1962 2831: 2826: 2820:, p. 26. 2819: 2814: 2807: 2806:De Garis 1962 2803: 2798: 2791: 2790:De Garis 1962 2787: 2782: 2775: 2774:De Garis 1962 2771: 2766: 2764: 2757:, p. 23. 2756: 2751: 2744: 2743:De Garis 1962 2740: 2735: 2728: 2727:De Garis 1962 2724: 2719: 2712: 2711:De Garis 1962 2708: 2703: 2696: 2695:De Garis 1962 2692: 2687: 2680: 2679:De Garis 1962 2676: 2671: 2664: 2659: 2653:, p. 43. 2652: 2647: 2645: 2638:, p. 19. 2637: 2632: 2625: 2624:De Garis 1962 2621: 2616: 2601: 2597: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2568:, p. 16. 2567: 2562: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2522: 2517: 2513: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2495: 2494:De Garis 1962 2491: 2486: 2482: 2466: 2459: 2453: 2446: 2441: 2434: 2433:t'othersiders 2428: 2424: 2416: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2401: 2399: 2395: 2390: 2385:Personal life 2382: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2371:Sydney Stubbs 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2351:Harold Seddon 2348: 2344: 2343:Charles North 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2327:state funeral 2324: 2314: 2312: 2307: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2288: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2257:Sachsenhausen 2254: 2250: 2245: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2213: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2173: 2171: 2167: 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