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978:, using Hanwell symbolically. A companion says “That man will get on; he believes in himself”, but Chesterton sees where this argument goes – he spies in the street an omnibus on which is written "Hanwell" and says "Shall I tell you where the men are who believe most in themselves?..." From these parallel journeys, he draws an argument that the rational materialist, just like the madman, lives in a bubble which is entirely self-consistent, but also entirely unreal, having constructed a world which is isolated from the actuality of human relationships and experience.
813:).were found to be effective in the treatment of many of the major mental illnesses. Following refinement and clinic trials they were introduced at the end of the 1950s and made a massive positive impact on the hospital. At last there was an effective treatment, and as a result the containment aspect of segregated patients within wards could for most wards be relaxed. As their illnesses responded to treatment patients recovered and started to be discharged. In the early 1960s the hospital accommodated circa 2,200 patients.
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428:' tower with a basement and two other floors. The windows are tall with semicircular bonded gauge brick arches at the top. There were two wings of one basement and just one other floor in the form of a west–east corridor. Both wings turn north, and each terminates at its own panopticon tower, which again has a basement and two floors; the overall building forms three sides of a square. The east side of the central tower was intended for the male patients and the west for the females. With
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coercive cruelly should be used in any case, but that every patient, however violent, should be treated with uniform kindness and forbearance; and during that time such as been the undeviating success of this Plan, such as been the even tenor of it course, that it now presents no new fact nor features either to vindicate or explain. This is the more extraordinary, as it rarely happens that a Theory can be brought into practice without losing a
Portion of its presumed Efficiency.
1118: The commuting of staff is a relativity recent phenomenon in the history of St. Bernard's. Before, they would have been able to live in good, clean, and habitable accommodation situated on site. Also, the normal working day back then was twelve hours long with little in the way of street lighting, so the proximity of these facilities was of great benefit. This was provided as a free and a much valued perk with which to attract people of the right calibre.
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patients, well into their recovery, were allowed to walk and work in the surrounding fields. The asylum had its own carpentry, bakery and brewery along with many other services and was as self-sufficient as possible. The asylum paid the canal company for taking water from the canal and had its own dock to receive barges. This was very convenient for receiving coal deliveries, which was used not only for heating but for producing gas for lighting.
839:" with a 12-week inpatient stay to help patents come to terms with their problems and explore new methods of living in the future without their addiction was found to be a great success. In 1982 this facility was moved and became a drug and alcohol dependence unit; it moved again in 2000 and is now known as the Max Glatt Unit. It is currently run by the Central North West London Mental Health NHS Trust Substance Misuses Service.
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405:(before whom the lunatics would have appeared charged with various offences or running amok) decided on 15 November 1827 to exercise their powers and build an asylum. In the following year Parliament recognised the barriers to asylum building (mostly financial) and passed the 1828 Metropolitan Commissioners in Lunacy Act to ensure the 1808 Acts was enforced.
615:. He was so impressed by this that he decided to abolish mechanical restraints at Hanwell. This must have taken enormous powers of persuasion: the existing staff would have to change their work practices and learn how to nurse more effectively those patients with troubling behaviour. However, the reform seemed to avoid the patient suffering further
390:, which proved very unpopular. As JPs faced annual re-election, they often met resistance to this policy. The cost of keeping lunatics in jails and workhouses had previously been charged to their parish of birth, and continued indefinitely as there was no attempt to cure them. To make matters worse, the Corn Laws kept food prices high while the
846:) trial was announced to try to reduce the stigma of psychiatric hospitals. At Hanwell a new district general hospital was built in the grounds of the former asylum. The whole site was then named Ealing Hospital and comprised two wings: the "General Wing" for acute patients and "Ealing Hospital, St. Bernard's Wing" for psychiatric patients.
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But there is something at
Hanwell more precious than any of these. As a traveller by the Great Western Railway dashes through it, his attention is arrested for a moment by a large building on the southern side of the railway, a plain but handsome structure, which stands cheerfully in an open country,
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On 11 June 1910, nurse Hilda
Elizabeth Wolsey followed a female patient who climbed one of the fire escapes and then along the guttering of the ward roof. She held on to the patient until help arrived and they could both be lowered to the safety of the ground. For this act of heroism she was awarded
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The design also reduced the need to build corridors and saved money. The wards themselves were long and thin with a corridor from one part of the asylum to another running through the ward itself. From the air the design is roughly symmetrical with services: kitchens; laundry; management; chapel and
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filmed both outside and inside for several different episodes, most notably in one episode when a car is driven at speed towards the asylum main entrance followed by both main characters running down the white spiral staircase of the central tower into the basement below. At least one other episode
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problems were poorly catered for. This led to new guidelines being drawn up and published. Part of this guidance called for women who suffer mental problems, and for whom only medium secure accommodation was needed, to be treated in way that was sympathetic with their gender. The West London Mental
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admitted was low due to the charge of nine shilling per week each, this being higher than the workhouses and jails, but by force of the law the asylum was full within six months and more space was badly needed. In
November of the same year, work on building extensions began to address this problem,
547:
It was found essential for recovery that the patients should get out into full daylight for fresh air and exercise, so the ground floor wards had 'airing courts' which were shared by the other wards upstairs. These were pleasantly laid out areas with seating and bounded by walls or railings. Some
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machines, and some of the old fixtures and fittings. The largest item by far was the last original "seclusion room", with white stained leather-covered straw padding walls and floor. One of the books retrieved in the search by the committee was a discharge book; the first entry was within a few
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The
Visiting Justices have the satisfaction to find that every year, as the excellence of the non - restraint System becomes more generally recognized, affords fewer Materials in the Asylum for Comment or Report. For four years it has been the settled Rule of the House, that no harshness nor
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was made permanent (and the term 'Habitual
Drunkard' changed to 'Inebriate'). As Hanwell would take in such patients for up to a year, this Act was seen as a reason to close the brewery. With the term "London County" being introduced for the greater London area, the asylum was renamed the
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months of the asylum's opening and recorded the death of a young woman, listing her reason for admission as being "Continually sneezing". Also on display was a letter written by Arthur O'Connor. He had been committed to
Hanwell on 6 May 1875 for firing an unloaded pistol at
730:
A postcard displaying an aerial photograph taken in the first half of the 1920s shows that the nurses' home has still to be built in the top right corner of the frame. It has since been demolished. Further to the top right is the railway iron bridge at the junction of
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studied them, that their medical usefulness was considered. Of course, these were too dangerous to replace the traditional sedative whilst patients consumed alcohol daily. So this may have been the window for the adoption of synthetic concoctions and potions as
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school. The Act also provided for the donation of bodies. As autopsies on paupers did not require the coroner's permission, autopsies became common at the hospital. From 1845 the results of these autopsies were recorded in detail by Dr
Hitchman.
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The building was designed as a functional work space and home for the treatment of insane paupers, rather than a residence or civic building. This unfortunately led to poor ventilation, and together with overcrowding may have been the cause of
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Originally planned to house 450 patients, with space for a further 150, its capacity was reduced back to 300, with space for another 150. This was due to fears of an outcry if the local tax rate increased too sharply. At first the number of
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267:, was known in his lifetime for his pioneering work and his adherence to his "great principle of therapeutic employment". Sceptical contemporaries were amazed that such therapy speeded recovery at Hanwell. This greatly pleased the visiting
619:
as a result of restraint and being made to feel completely helpless. Conolly succeeded in introducing the reform by 21 September 1839, less than 3 months after he took charge. This is perhaps a testament to the earlier work of Ellis.
379:"Whereas the practice of confining such lunatics and other insane persons as are chargeable to their respective parishes in Gaols, Houses of Correction, Poor Houses and Houses of Industry, is highly dangerous and inconvenient"
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849:
In 1998, St. Bernard's Wing underwent a major refurbishment. It cost in excess of £4.5 million and took roughly eight months. In 2007, the
Orchard Centre was opened, as a medium secure psychiatric unit for women. The
499:
of 38–9 Clerkenwell Close, London. This was later moved to the Chapel tower when the chapel was built. In
November 1829 building work started again on the first extension, and there were further expansions in 1879.
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in May 2022, on a wall of what was the left-hand wing of the asylum. It is the first plaque in the scheme to go up in Hanwell and the date of its installation was chosen to support Mental Health Week in the UK.
1065:, who lived in the same era. On a housing estate which was built during the mid-1990s on part of the original hospital grounds, the name 'Cubitt Square' was given to one of the residential areas.
2320:
1020:). He feared these would be thrown out by staff, and volunteers formed the "Museum Committee" to help. They recovered much of the hospital heritage. This also included mechanical restraints,
1012:
Reverend H A Norris (a former chaplain to the hospital) realised in the early 1980s that there were old records at hospital that were historically important and should join the others in the
512:
half-circular arch, large and solid, over tall vertical barred, iron gates, which incorporate a small pedestrian gate with its own key lock. On the north side of the building there is a blue
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would always need to be looked after, which would cost more in the long run. Some parishes were growing in population due to industrialisation, and the existing charitable institutions and
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By the 1920s there were sufficient beds to ensure that no person too ill to keep within the laws of the land (or avoid getting misled by others into transgressing the law) need be sent to
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1106: The bricks are thought to be Smeed Dean Belgrave Yellow Stocks from Kent. The low iron and higher lime content of the mud there gives the characteristic yellow hue to the bricks.
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The friends or relatives of a deceased patient were free to remove the remains for burial. Failing this, the deceased were interred in unmarked paupers' graves in the hospitals
754:– North West Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board. One ward of the hospital was used as the local 'Emergency Medical Services (EMS) centre, to treat war casualties during the
472:
for the county of Middlesex, one of the most interesting buildings in the kingdom; a temple sacred to benevolence, a monument and memorial of the philanthropy of our times.
364:
as being ill, as being held in the wrong institutions and perhaps having a chance to recover if given the right type of treatment. Non-recovery would mean that the insane
1419:
439:
Hanwell became a model for future hospitals and was copied and modified by the designers of countless other asylums across England and Wales (for example Horton,
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hall (used for parties, theatre and dances) all located in the middle with wards laid out to each side, male to the left of the entrance and female to the right.
67:
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care. The background to the creation of the asylum included the 1808 County Asylums Act which was passed after an expensive war against France. This recognised
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starred as Lillian Huckle, a woman who was institutionalized 60 years before whilst still a young girl, simply because she did not conform to social norms.
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1442:
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as the Joker, were also filmed in empty wards at Hanwell (using K block). This went down especially well with the staff as an earlier film of Nicholson's,
735:(A4020) and Windmill Lane (A4127) which runs south to the left of the frame. Running down the left-hand side is a section of the 'Flight of Locks' on the
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Several bombs landed on the hospital and its grounds during the war. It was close to two strategic targets: the AEC factory in Windmill Lane which built
508:. The main view most people see of the hospital is the elegantly proportioned gatehouse entrance which adjoins the Uxbridge Road. It takes the form of a
114:
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of 1813 removed the right of poor people to use the common lands to support themselves, causing added mental distress to the already impoverished.
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and discloses even to the hasty glimpse of the traveller, as he hurries past, evident indications of careful and attentive management. It is the L
1089:) were known about, they were not used (except for perhaps recreational purposes) in medicine. It was not until about the 1800s when people like
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beginning to be developed around this time, spreading the wards out in this manner was thought to help reduce the spread of infections.
2388:
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911:
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1004:, after successfully telling strangers where they were born by their accent, was jokingly told he came from Hanwell Insane Asylum.
572:. With the 1832 Anatomy Act, the body was first kept in a building called the 'dead house', on the west side of the burial ground (
2016:
1833:
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Something of Connolly's success can be gauged from this extract from the first page of the 68th report of the Visiting Justices:
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Christian Classics Ethereal Library. Accessed 19 May 2007. Chesterton of course was of his time, and was not a psychiatrist.
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hit the hospital laundry and caused many casualties. This event is mentioned in a personal account by Simon Tobitt in
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as an illness with a possibility of recovery can perhaps be seen as a cost-saving measure as well as a humane one.
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Several Acts of Parliament enabled the building of the asylum, and statutes have driven the subsequent changes in
448:
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uses a ward as a location where the three main characters visit a person supposedly in a general hospital ward.
17:
2282:"The origin of pharmacopsychology: Emil Kraepelin's experiments in Leipzig, Dorpat and Heidelberg (1882–1892)"
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and so started the almost continuous process of rebuilding and improvements that go on in the present day.
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The asylum opened on 16 May 1831 under the administration of the local Committee of Visiting Justices of
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at Hanwell (as she had at Wakefield) from the opening in 1831 until William Ellis' resignation in 1838.
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2109:"Pioneering psychiatrist Dr John Conolly celebrated at exhibition on the history of mental healthcare"
1789:
1021:
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509:
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the institution became famous as the first large asylum to dispense with all mechanical restraints.
1874:
The anatomy of madness: Essays in the history of psychiatry. Vol III; The asylum and its psychiatry
603:
John Adams, one of the Visiting Justices of the asylum and a founding member and first chairman of
525:
290:). It is about 8 miles or 13 km west of Central London and 6 miles (10 km) south-east of
2409:
1528:
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1897:
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420:, who completed the work to a tight budget of £64,000. The architect was William Alderson. His
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1951:
1924:
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1972:
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746:. Local prison population subsequently fell. The hospital was under the administration of the
2401:
The Pictorial Handbook of London: Comprising Its Antiquities, Architecture, Arts, Manufacture
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The Pictorial Handbook of London: Comprising Its Antiquities, Architecture, Arts, Manufacture
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Colonel James Clitherow Middlesex JP and Deputy Lieutenant – Metropolitan Commissioner 1828
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317:. Both the southern wall of the old asylum and the flight of locks have been designated a
8:
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as it reduced the long-term cost of keeping each patient. Under the third superintendent
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Post card - SFS No. 1576 - kindly supplied out of the private collection of Paul H. Lang
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Bench Mark. This point was measured to be 69.279 feet (21.116 m) above mean sea level.
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started in 1829. Most of the land – 44 acres (180,000 m) – was purchased from the
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Health Trust commissioned Tuke Manton Architects of Clapham to design the centre and
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2254:"Dr John Conolly and the former Hanwell Asylum receive English Heritage blue plaque"
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1038:
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961:, the two bargees descend the flight of locks with the hospital in the background.
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in 1831. Some of the original buildings are now part of the headquarters for the
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London Metropolitan Archives: Middlesex Sessions of the Peace: Administration .
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915:(1975), set in an American psychiatric hospital, was at that time a favourite.
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took up residence as the third superintendent on 1 June 1839. In April 1839,
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Roberts, Andrew; Cracknell, Peter; Piddock, Susan; Sarah Rutherford (1981).
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1956:
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532:, who in 1817 had been appointed superintendent to the newly purpose-built
505:
309:, which flows along its eastern perimeter. At its southern boundary is the
272:
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1416:"Records of the Lunacy Commission, Board of Control and Special Hospitals"
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Dr John Conolly and the former Hanwell Asylum were commemorated with an
2405:
2287:. Psychopharmacology. 2006. Archived from the original on 27 March 2009
1806:
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from 1918, the asylum was renamed the Hanwell Mental Hospital in 1929.
425:
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1994:
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ref. MA/D/A1/081/6/1-2 – date: 18 March 1831. Accessed 5 June 2007
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The central tower was adorned with a monumental clock procured from
1405:. Middlesex University, London, England. accessed 24 September 2006
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Middlesex University, London, England. Retrieved on 7 October 2006
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The Gatehouse also received some bomb damage. The facility became
1952:"Max Glatt: Pioneer in the treatment of alcohol and drug addicts"
1871:
1178:
The anatomy of madness: Essays in the history of psychiatry. Vol
577:
451:). The main alternative design being the villa plan (for example
409:
334:
279:
1616:
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342:
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Messrs. Moore and Son of Clerkenwell Close, clock manufacturers
1501:
Conquest of Epidemic Disease: A Chapter in the History of Ideas
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had conducted a consultation and found that women experiencing
584:
561:
541:
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249:
212:
2391:. Accessed 5 June 2007 (a Bristol psychiatric hospital museum)
576:). If unclaimed after 72 hours it could be sold to a licensed
397:
Concern grew about the disproportionate number of lunatics in
372:
could not cope with the increasing demand. The recognition of
305:. The land immediately to the east was further eroded by the
286:(officially in the 1830s the northern precinct (chapelry) of
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A full-page illustration and short article was published in
743:
2206:"O'Connorite Bedlam: Feargus and his Grand-Nephew, Arthur"
1061: He was no relation to the famous civil engineer Sir
750:
until 1948 when responsibility was transferred to the new
74:
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Grade II listed buildings in the London Borough of Ealing
1791:
The Treatment of the Insane without Mechanical Restraints
651:
The Treatment of the Insane without Mechanical Restraints
1724:
Rev H A Norris; Hanwell Asylum: St. Bernard's Hospital
1709:
Rev H A Norris; Hanwell Asylum: St. Bernard's Hospital
1276:
St Marks and Canal Conservation Area. Management Plan
386:(JPs) to construct asylums financed out of the local
1872:Bynum, W.F; Porter, Roy; Shepherd, Michael (1988).
1771:
The Journal of Psychological Medicine and Pathology
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835:
unit in a female ward. His approach of creating a "
809:After the Second World War, new medicines (such as
1245:(Hardback). London: Historical Publications Ltd.
831:. Appointed as a consultant in 1958 he set up an
2446:
2305:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2062:. Implementation Guidance. Accessed 27 May 2007
2023:. Wilmington Media. 1 March 1999. Archived from
1975:. Central North West London NHS Foundation Trust
1139:Smith, Leonard D. "Ellis, Sir William Charles".
638:The Sixty-eight Report of the Visiting Justicies
1313:
726:Part of the flight of locks beside the hospital
681:to facilitate the control and care of Habitual
2428:Description of the Ellis system; published in
2060:Mainstreaming Gender and Women's Mental Health
1807:"Twelfth Night at the Hanwell Lunatic Asylum"
1767:"On the Management of Hanwell Lunatic Asylum"
1744:. Bradbury and Evens, printers. p. 521.
1446:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1344:
1214:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1203:
1201:
1145:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
540:. His wife, Mildred Ellis, held the post of
2168:Chesterton G K (1908). Orthodoxy, Chap 2:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2047:Women's Mental Health: Into the Mainstream
1970:
1840:. Chameleon H H Publishing. Archived from
649:Conolly described the therapy in his book
640:appointed to superintend the management of
382:The 1808 Act was passed to empower county
2229:
1198:
972:opens his early defence of Christianity,
964:
781:, and some may still be there. However a
715:in 1971. Under the administration of the
486:, John Bower Nichols & Son, London.
424:design consisted of a central octagonal '
2371:(PPI) Forum. Retrieved on 5 October 2006
1925:"What Irene's Father Did During The War"
1898:"Emergency Medical Services (1939–1945)"
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711:which was exchanged for a more suitable
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2475:History of the London Borough of Ealing
2460:Former psychiatric hospitals in England
2345:"Photographs of St. Bernard's Hospital"
2096:
2058:Department of Health (September 2003).
1813:. Middlesex University, London, England
1804:
1787:
1764:
1739:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1481:. Middlesex University, London, England
1443:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1440:Hobhouse, Hermione. "Cubitt, William".
1326:. Middlesex University, London, England
1211:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1142:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1134:
1132:
986:Hanwell Insane Asylum was mentioned in
886:Some scenes of the BBC 1970s TV series
773:, a vital transport route. Some of the
27:Psychiatric hospital in London, England
14:
2447:
1949:
1922:
1499:Winslow, Charles-Edward Amory (1967).
871:
674:was celebrated at the Hanwell Asylum.
297:The building lies on a gently sloping
2394:
2203:
2137:from the original on 19 December 2021
2111:. West London Mental Health NHS Trust
2045:Department of Health (September 2002)
1520:
866:
693:
278:The asylum is next to the village of
1574:
1439:
1129:
928:(1989) were filmed at the hospital.
660:Twelfth Night at the Hanwell Asylum.
642:The County Lunatic Asylum at Hanwell
519:
1641:. London Historians. 26 August 2013
1287:
1278:. Pages 19 Accessed 9 October 2010.
1081:(invented 1829 by Wildenbusch) and
824:in the treatment of people with an
777:fell into the soft sediment of the
607:, suggested that Conolly visit the
555:Hanwell Asylum, The chapel – c.1875
258:West London Mental Health NHS Trust
24:
1876:. London: Routledge. p. 266.
1831:
1184:. London: Routledge. p. 194.
842:In the mid-1970s a UK Government (
702:Aerial view of the hospital c.1920
528:. The first superintendent was Dr
25:
2506:
2337:
1950:Benaim, Silvio (5 October 2006).
1742:Household words: A weekly Journal
1265:Ordnance Survey map, 1896 edition
1207:
1138:
534:West Riding Pauper Lunatic Asylum
246:Hanwell Pauper and Lunatic Asylum
2490:Psychiatric hospitals in England
2376:Bus services to and from Hanwell
1923:Tobitt, Simon (15 August 2005).
1794:. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
1290:"Mental Health History Timeline"
1208:Scull, Andrew. "Conolly, John".
805:"E Block", St Bernard's Hospital
73:
66:
50:
2351:. December 2005. Archived from
2349:County Asylums, now Web Archive
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1274:Ealing Borough Council (2007).
1182:: The asylum and its psychiatry
912:One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
905:film starring (amongst others)
796:
791:St Bernard's Hospital, Southall
611:and see the system operated by
346:The layout of the asylum c.1850
338:London County Asylum at Hanwell
2495:Scheduled monuments in England
2455:1831 establishments in England
2369:Patient and Public Involvement
1545:. Shenley Park. Archived from
1338:
1307:
1281:
1268:
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1234:
1165:
1032:
416:. The building contractor was
248:, was an asylum built for the
13:
1:
2480:Hospitals established in 1831
1122:
1098:
1077: Although the sedatives
1053:
1016:Records Library (now part of
670:on 15 January 1848 about how
329:
263:Its first superintendent, Dr
254:First Middlesex County Asylum
56:The gatehouse to the hospital
2389:The Glenside Hospital Museum
2159:. Accessed 28 September 2010
1727:London Metropolitan Archives
1712:London Metropolitan Archives
1503:. Hafner Publishing Co Ltd.
1460:UK public library membership
1228:UK public library membership
1176:; Shepherd, Michael (1988).
1159:UK public library membership
1110:
1069:
7:
2074:. Accessed 1 September 2010
1973:"Substance Misuses Service"
667:The Illustrated London News
32:Hospital in London, England
10:
2511:
2426:The Hanwell Lunatic Asylum
2204:Geary, Laurence M (1990).
2157:The Bargee (released 1964)
1597:. Lost Hospitals of London
981:
896:, were filmed at Hanwell.
677:In 1888, the earlier 1879
408:Work on the new asylum at
349:
324:
319:Scheduled Ancient Monument
301:, a common feature of the
2431:Tait's Edinburgh Magazine
2326:29 September 2007 at the
2222:10.1017/s0025727300050614
1740:Dickens, Charles (1857).
1543:"History of Shenley Park"
1420:The National Archives(UK)
1398:26 September 2006 at the
1347:"Workhouses and poor law"
1241:Hounsell, Peter (1991) .
1007:
225:
207:
202:
194:
189:
179:
174:
162:
150:
145:
106:
95:
90:
61:
49:
42:
37:
2437:Roberts, Andrew (1981),
1805:Roberts, Andrew (1981).
1765:Winslow, Forbes (1849).
1729:, Ref: 26.21 Han page 84
1617:"Hanwell Asylum Records"
1314:Roberts, Andrew (1981).
1048:
1029:earlier on 29 February.
899:Some scenes of the 1989
876:The ITV 1970s TV series
526:Middlesex County Council
483:The Gentleman's Magazine
2485:NHS hospitals in London
2381:National Rail station:
2319:Smeed Dean Brick Works.
2155:Internet Move Database
1595:"St Bernard's Hospital"
1391:Roberts, Andrew (1981)
1243:Ealing and Hanwell Past
752:National Health Service
352:County Asylums Act 1808
282:but parochially was in
252:insane, opening as the
2385:. Accessed 5 June 2007
2378:. Accessed 5 June 2007
2374:Transport for London:
2330:. Accessed 29 May 2007
2093:. Accessed 30 May 2007
2072:Tuke Manton Architects
2049:. Accessed 27 May 2007
1788:Conolly, John (1856).
1151:10.1093/ref:odnb/53734
1014:Greater London Council
965:In literature or prose
806:
727:
703:
661:
647:
593:
556:
493:
480:(July-December 1858).
347:
339:
82:Location within Ealing
2321:Belgrave Yellow Stock
1838:George Cross Database
1777:: 418. OCLC: 1639517.
1689:"Hanwell Asylum 1831"
1661:"Flush Bracket S1016"
1527:. H.G. Bohn. p.
1475:"Asylum architecture"
1452:10.1093/ref:odnb/6861
1220:10.1093/ref:odnb/6094
1018:the National Archives
837:therapeutic community
804:
771:Great Western Railway
748:London County Council
725:
717:London County Council
701:
659:
634:Charles Augustus Tulk
625:
587:
554:
530:William Charles Ellis
497:John Moore & Sons
461:
384:Justices of the Peace
345:
337:
269:Justices of the Peace
265:William Charles Ellis
242:Hanwell Insane Asylum
238:St Bernard's Hospital
44:West London NHS Trust
38:St Bernard's Hospital
2470:History of Middlesex
2367:The local voluntary
2089:16 June 2007 at the
2021:Hospital Development
1521:Weale, John (1854).
1368:"Enclosing the Land"
852:Department of Health
688:London County Asylum
613:Robert Gardiner Hill
313:and a flight of six
299:river gravel terrace
230:Hospitals in England
181:Emergency department
130:51.50644°N 0.35160°W
1665:Bench Mark Database
988:George Bernard Shaw
930:Dame Peggy Ashcroft
872:Film and television
767:Wharncliffe Viaduct
605:Legal & General
589:John Conolly MD DCL
126: /
2439:The Asylums Index.
2422:Martineau, Harriet
2412:-. OCLC: 1387135.
1345:Hereford Council.
867:In popular culture
833:alcohol dependency
807:
769:which carried the
728:
704:
694:Early 20th century
662:
594:
557:
348:
340:
135:51.50644; -0.35160
2131:"She's Been Away"
1995:"Ealing Hospital"
1904:. NHS History Net
1844:on 25 August 2006
1811:The asylums index
1479:The asylums index
1458:(Subscription or
1403:The asylums index
1324:The asylums index
1318:Table of Statutes
1288:Roberts, Andrew.
1226:(Subscription or
1157:(Subscription or
1087:Justus von Liebig
935:In the 1963 film
920:Stephen Poliakoff
879:The Professionals
844:Health Department
829:personality trait
763:fighting vehicles
737:Grand Union Canal
679:Act of Parliament
644:, 26 October 1843
574:see diagram above
520:The Victorian era
471:
467:
311:Grand Union Canal
235:
234:
102:, London, England
16:(Redirected from
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2013:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1991:
1985:
1984:
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1971:Max Glatt Unit.
1968:
1962:
1961:
1947:
1941:
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1938:
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1714:, Ref: 26.21 Han
1707:
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1696:
1691:. Science Museum
1685:
1676:
1675:
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1671:
1657:
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1639:"Hanwell Asylum"
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1039:English Heritage
970:G. K. Chesterton
947:Harry H. Corbett
787:WW2 Peoples War.
756:Second World War
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2027:on 24 July 2005
2015:
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2010:
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1988:
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1929:WW2 Peoples War
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925:She's Been Away
918:Some scenes of
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820:was one of the
818:Max Meier Glatt
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601:Serjeant-at-law
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478:Urban, Sylvanus
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907:Jack Nicholson
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414:Earl of Jersey
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989:
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948:
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2353:the original
2348:
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2276:
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2185:. Find Movie
2177:
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2151:
2139:. Retrieved
2133:. You Tube.
2125:
2113:. Retrieved
2079:
2067:
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2041:
2029:. Retrieved
2025:the original
2020:
2011:
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1989:
1977:. Retrieved
1966:
1957:The Guardian
1955:
1945:
1933:. Retrieved
1928:
1918:
1906:. Retrieved
1901:
1892:
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1867:
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1846:. Retrieved
1842:the original
1837:
1834:"Recipients"
1827:
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1668:. Retrieved
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1611:
1599:. Retrieved
1563:
1553:12 September
1551:. Retrieved
1547:the original
1537:
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1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1478:
1468:
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1375:. Retrieved
1371:
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1352:26 September
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1297:. Retrieved
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1085:(in 1832 by
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2408:. pp.
2396:Weale, John
2183:"Pygmalion"
1902:NHS History
1377:12 December
1174:Porter, Roy
1079:Paraldehyde
1042:blue plaque
1033:Blue plaque
943:Duncan Wood
892:, starring
779:River Brent
591:(1794–1866)
449:Springfield
430:germ theory
307:River Brent
215:.westlondon
169:Psychiatric
157:NHS England
152:Care system
133: /
108:Coordinates
2449:Categories
2406:H. G. Bohn
2404:. London:
2170:The Maniac
1462:required.)
1230:required.)
1161:required.)
1123:References
1000:Professor
959:Eric Sykes
938:The Bargee
861:Kier Group
765:, and the
426:panopticon
370:workhouses
330:Foundation
118:51°30′23″N
2031:5 January
1979:1 October
1935:7 October
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1848:2 October
1817:9 October
1670:2 October
1485:9 October
1330:9 October
998:Phonetics
993:Pygmalion
975:Orthodoxy
826:addictive
793:in 1937.
690:in 1889.
683:Drunkards
538:Wakefield
403:judiciary
399:Middlesex
260:(WLMHT).
121:0°21′06″W
91:Geography
2398:(1854).
2359:25 April
2324:Archived
2301:cite web
2135:Archived
2087:Archived
1396:Archived
922:'s film
889:Porridge
822:pioneers
631:—
475:—
453:Chalfont
445:Claybury
374:insanity
362:lunatics
292:Uxbridge
284:Southall
244:and the
175:Services
100:Southall
96:Location
2383:Hanwell
2266:9 March
2240:2187125
2231:1036066
982:Theatre
578:anatomy
562:paupers
457:Shenley
410:Hanwell
325:History
288:Norwood
280:Hanwell
208:Website
190:History
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617:trauma
542:matron
466:UNATIC
366:pauper
250:pauper
195:Opened
2285:(PDF)
1997:. NHS
1931:. BBC
1049:Notes
470:SYLUM
447:, or
388:rates
315:locks
226:Lists
203:Links
2361:2013
2307:link
2293:2018
2268:2024
2236:PMID
2191:2018
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2003:2018
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1937:2006
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1878:ISBN
1850:2006
1819:2010
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1672:2006
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1555:2015
1505:ISBN
1487:2010
1427:2018
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1354:2006
1332:2010
1301:2016
1247:ISBN
1186:ISBN
957:and
775:UXBs
744:gaol
707:the
217:.nhs
198:1831
164:Type
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2226:PMC
2218:doi
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