2226:
2063:
2264:, the number of hospitalizations grew to its peak in 1981 with 171 admissions per 1,000 Americans and 6,933 hospitals. This trend subsequently reversed, with the rate of hospitalization falling by more than 10% and the number of US hospitals shrinking from 6,933 in 1981 to 5,534 in 2016. Occupancy rates also dropped from 77% in 1980 to 60% in 2013. Among the reasons for this are the increasing availability of more complex care elsewhere such as at home or the physicians' offices and also the less therapeutic and more life-threatening image of the hospitals in the eyes of the public. In the US, a patient may sleep in a hospital bed, but be considered outpatient and "under observation" if not formally admitted.
2573:
1720:
2272:(CMS) introduced a "two-midnight" rule for inpatient admissions, intended to reduce an increasing number of long-term "observation" stays being used for reimbursement. This rule was later dropped in 2018. In 2016 and 2017, healthcare reform and a continued decline in admissions resulted in US hospital-based healthcare systems performing poorly financially. Microhospitals, with bed capacities of between eight and fifty, are expanding in the United States. Similarly, freestanding emergency rooms, which transfer patients that require inpatient care to hospitals, were popularised in the 1970s and have since expanded rapidly across the United States.
1659:
2508:
1883:
2542:
2489:
1494:
2528:
2473:
1903:
1194:
1470:
1227:
2211:
2607:
1482:
2592:
1639:
63:
4861:
807:
2157:
36:
5967:
796:
2558:
2330:, the National Health Service delivers health care to legal residents funded by the state "free at the point of delivery", and emergency care free to anyone regardless of nationality or status. Due to the need for hospitals to prioritise their limited resources, there is a tendency in countries with such systems for 'waiting lists' for non-crucial treatment, so those who can afford it may take out private health care to access treatment more quickly.
1871:
2297:
1213:
3364:
860 medical practitioners he examined, 160 failed. From that time on, licensing examinations were required and administered in various places. Licensing boards were set up under a government official called
Muhtasib, or inspector general. The chief physician gave oral and practical examinations, and if the young physician was successful, the Muhtasib administered the Hippocratic Oath and issued a license to practice medicine.
1806:
4849:
3298:
1165:
distance from a local community. Twenty-eight of
California's rural hospitals and 20 of its critical-access hospitals are district hospitals. They are formed by local municipalities, have boards that are individually elected by their local communities, and exist to serve local needs. They are a particularly important provider of healthcare to uninsured patients and patients with
2823:
inner ring served as a place where the monastic community could care for the sick, the poor and the infirm. Monks were frequently familiar with the medicine available at that time, growing medicinal plants on the monastery grounds and applying remedies as indicated. As such, many of the practicing physicians of the Middle Ages were also clergy.
1759:. It typically treated the poor, as the rich would have been treated in their own homes. Hospitals in this era were the first to require medical licenses for doctors, and compensation for negligence could be made. Hospitals were forbidden by law to turn away patients who were unable to pay. These hospitals were financially supported by
3363:
Another lasting advancement made during this time period was that of physician licensure. In 931 AD Caliph Al-Muqtadir learned that a patient had died in
Baghdad as a result of a physician's error. Consequently, he ordered Sinan ibn Thabit to examine all those who practiced the art of healing. Of the
2466:
medical staff, but is considered to be more stressful for patients and detrimental to their privacy. A major constraint on providing all patients with their own rooms is however found in the higher cost of building and operating such a hospital; this causes some hospitals to charge for private rooms.
2453:
Some newer hospitals now try to re-establish design that takes the patient's psychological needs into account, such as providing more fresh air, better views and more pleasant colour schemes. These ideas harken back to the late eighteenth century, when the concept of providing fresh air and access to
2444:
However, many hospitals, even those considered "modern", are the product of continual and often badly managed growth over decades or even centuries, with utilitarian new sections added on as needs and finances dictate. As a result, Dutch architectural historian Cor
Wagenaar has called many hospitals:
2440:
Modern hospital buildings are designed to minimise the effort of medical personnel and the possibility of contamination while maximising the efficiency of the whole system. Travel time for personnel within the hospital and the transportation of patients between units is facilitated and minimised. The
1164:
to address a shortage of hospital beds in many local communities. Even today, district hospitals are the sole public hospitals in 19 of
California's counties, and are the sole locally accessible hospital within nine additional counties in which one or more other hospitals are present at a substantial
2102:
when she set an example of compassion, commitment to patient care and diligent and thoughtful hospital administration. The first official nurses' training programme, the
Nightingale School for Nurses, was opened in 1860, with the mission of training nurses to work in hospitals, to work with the poor
1439:
Many units have both a nursing and a medical director that serve as administrators for their respective disciplines within that unit. For example, within an intensive care nursery, a medical director is responsible for physicians and medical care, while the nursing manager is responsible for all the
2822:
innovation rooted in the monastic virtue and practise of hospitality. Arranged around the monastery were concentric rings of buildings in which the life and work of the monastic community was ordered. The outer ring of buildings served as a hostel in which travellers were received and boarded. The
2118:
By the late 19th century, the modern hospital was beginning to take shape with a proliferation of a variety of public and private hospital systems. By the 1870s, hospitals had more than trebled their original average intake of 3,000 patients. In continental Europe the new hospitals generally were
2465:
Another ongoing major development is the change from a ward-based system (where patients are accommodated in communal rooms, separated by movable partitions) to one in which they are accommodated in individual rooms. The ward-based system has been described as very efficient, especially for the
1306:
specialises in cardiac surgery and allows for a significantly greater number of patients. It has 3,000 beds and performs 3,000 paediatric cardiac operations annually, the largest number in the world for such a facility. Surgeons are paid on a fixed salary instead of per operation, thus when the
970:
that still focus on hospital ministry in the late 1990s, as well as several other
Christian denominations, including the Methodists and Lutherans, which run hospitals. In accordance with the original meaning of the word, hospitals were original "places of hospitality", and this meaning is still
2461:
is showing that good hospital design can reduce patient's recovery time. Exposure to daylight is effective in reducing depression. Single-sex accommodation help ensure that patients are treated in privacy and with dignity. Exposure to nature and hospital gardens is also important – looking out
1952:
and training of prospective practitioners. Some of the era's greatest surgeons and doctors worked and passed on their knowledge at the hospitals. They also changed from being mere homes of refuge to being complex institutions for the provision and advancement of medicine and care for sick. The
1631:
did exist stationed in military barracks and would serve the soldiers and slaves within the fort. Evidence exists that some civilian hospitals, while unavailable to the Roman population, were occasionally privately built in extremely wealthy Roman households located in the countryside for that
2462:
windows improves patients' moods and reduces blood pressure and stress level. Open windows in patient rooms have also demonstrated some evidence of beneficial outcomes by improving airflow and increased microbial diversity. Eliminating long corridors can reduce nurses' fatigue and stress.
2353:. Legislation requires hospitals to provide care to patients in life-threatening emergency situations regardless of the patient's ability to pay. Privately funded hospitals which admit uninsured patients in emergency situations incur direct financial losses, such as in the aftermath of
2084:
2041:
visited in 1785, and commented "I never saw anything of the kind so complete; every part is so convenient, and so admirably neat. But there is nothing superfluous, and nothing purely ornamented, either within or without." This revolutionary design was made more widely known by
2449:"... built catastrophes, anonymous institutional complexes run by vast bureaucracies, and totally unfit for the purpose they have been designed for ... They are hardly ever functional, and instead of making patients feel at home, they produce stress and anxiety."
2365:
As the quality of health care has increasingly become an issue around the world, hospitals have increasingly had to pay serious attention to this matter. Independent external assessment of quality is one of the most powerful ways to assess this aspect of health care, and
2423:
reported in 2011 that being admitted to a hospital was far riskier than flying. Globally, the chance of a patient being subject to a treatment error in a hospital was about 10%, and the chance of death resulting from an error was about one in 300. according to
1532:
started a COVID Oximetry@Home service in April 2020. This enables them to monitor more than 5000 patients a day in their own homes. The technology allows nurses, carers, or patients to record and monitor vital signs such as blood oxygen levels.
1129:
The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, also known as an acute-care hospital. These facilities handle many kinds of disease and injury, and normally have an emergency department (sometimes known as "accident & emergency") or
2225:
2088:(1803) that set the standard for many textbooks. In the mid-19th century, hospitals and the medical profession became more professionalised, with a reorganisation of hospital management along more bureaucratic and administrative lines. The
2267:
In the U.S., inpatient stays are covered under
Medicare Part A, but a hospital might keep a patient under observation which is only covered under Medicare Part B, and subjects the patient to additional coinsurance costs. In 2013, the
1947:
These hospitals represented a turning point in the function of the institution; they began to evolve from being basic places of care for the sick to becoming centers of medical innovation and discovery and the principal place for the
1943:
Other hospitals sprang up in London and other
British cities over the century, many paid for by private subscriptions. St Bartholomew's in London was rebuilt from 1730 to 1759, and the London Hospital, Whitechapel, opened in 1752.
1715:
in modern-day Turkey. By the twelfth century, Constantinople had two well-organised hospitals, staffed by doctors who were both male and female. Facilities included systematic treatment procedures and specialised wards for various
2252:
Modern hospitals measure various efficiency metrics such as occupancy rates, the average length of stay, time to service, patient satisfaction, physician performance, patient readmission rate, inpatient mortality rate, and
1134:
to deal with immediate and urgent threats to health. Larger cities may have several hospitals of varying sizes and facilities. Some hospitals, especially in the United States and Canada, have their own ambulance service.
2488:
1658:
2432:. In the U.S., 1.7 million infections are acquired in hospital each year, leading to 100,000 deaths, figures much worse than in Europe where there were 4.5 million infections and 37,000 deaths.
2283:
in the world. It has around 18,000 clinics, 16,000 homes for the elderly and those with special needs, and 5,500 hospitals, with 65 percent of them located in developing countries. In 2010, the Church's
2123:, the principal provider of health care in the United Kingdom, was founded in 1948. During the nineteenth century, the Second Viennese Medical School emerged with the contributions of physicians such as
2229:
During peacetime, hospitals are often marked by symbols. A white 'H' on a blue background is often used in the United States. During military conflicts, a hospital may be marked with the emblem of the
4210:
2441:
building also should be built to accommodate heavy departments such as radiology and operating rooms while space for special wiring, plumbing, and waste disposal must be allowed for in the design.
1493:
1106:"). Hospitals are usually distinguished from other types of medical facilities by their ability to admit and care for inpatients whilst the others, which are smaller, are often described as
862:
to treat urgent health problems ranging from fire and accident victims to a sudden illness. A district hospital typically is the major health care facility in its region, with many beds for
2472:
4358:
2010:
era charitable innovation was the dispensary; these would issue the poor with medicines free of charge. The London
Dispensary opened its doors in 1696 as the first such clinic in the
2701:"Although Philadelphia General Hospital (1732) and Bellevue Hospital in New York (1736) are older, the Philadelphia General was founded as an almshouse, and Bellevue as a workhouse."
2107:
standards and changing the image of the hospital from a place the sick would go to die, to an institution devoted to recuperation and healing. She also emphasised the importance of
2230:
2285:
1913:). Founded in 1751, it is the earliest established public hospital in the United States. It is also home to America's first surgical amphitheatre and its first medical library.
3546:
2139:. Basic medical science expanded and specialisation advanced. Furthermore, the first dermatology, eye, as well as ear, nose, and throat clinics in the world were founded in
4593:
3105:
A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms: Being an Account by the Chinese Monk Fâ-Hien of his Travels in India and Ceylon (AD 399–414) in Search of the Buddhist Books of Discipline
1782:
in the 17th century established hospitals in large cities at government expense with records showing salaries and grants for medicine being paid for by the government.
643:
2507:
1389:, as well as a range of medical specialty departments. A well-equipped hospital may be classified as a trauma center. They may also have other services such as a
4414:
3623:
3161:
Ziegler, Tiffany A., Tiffany A. Ziegler, and Troyanos. Medieval Healthcare and the Rise of Charitable Institutions. Springer International Publishing, 2018, 33.
6003:
2375:
4284:
3773:
Dispensaries, Their Management and Development: A Book for Administrators, Public Health Workers, and All Interested in Better Medical Service for the People
2003:
opened in 1784 as the world's largest hospital, physicians acquired a new facility that gradually developed into one of the most important research centers.
3723:"Books: The Dispensaries: Healthcare for the Poor Before the NHS: Britain's Forgotten Health-care System: Dispensaries: An Alternative to General Practice?"
3081:
2572:
4632:
1528:
managed around 1200 patients at home between March and June 2020 and planned to continue the system after COVID-19, initially for respiratory patients.
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
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5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
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1230:
1638:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
4182:
677:
837:
4436:
908:
students. A health science facility smaller than a hospital is generally called a clinic. Hospitals have a range of departments (e.g. surgery and
3415:
4155:
3794:
2167:
1524:. Patients are managed at home, monitoring their own oxygen levels using an oxygen saturation probe if necessary and supported by telephone.
2062:
5926:
2370:
is one means by which this is achieved. In many parts of the world such accreditation is sourced from other countries, a phenomenon known as
2054:, who had visited most of the hospitals in Europe. They were impressed and the "pavilion" design was copied in France and throughout Europe.
4105:
1828:, the church abruptly ceased to be the supporter of hospitals, and only by direct petition from the citizens of London, were the hospitals
3682:
897:
compared to general hospitals. Hospitals are classified as general, specialty, or government depending on the sources of income received.
5225:
4893:
4392:
2541:
5996:
4062:
3293:
2269:
1010:
came to signify hospitality, that is the relation between guest and shelterer, hospitality, friendliness, and hospitable reception. By
858:
and auxiliary healthcare staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically has an
6552:
2591:
3001:
2917:
4054:
1910:
1789:, the state began to take on social welfare functions previously provided by Buddhist monasteries and instituted public hospitals,
1361:
services, but some may have a few inpatient beds and a limited range of services that may otherwise be found in typical hospitals.
3917:
5566:
4601:
4477:
2498:
3268:
1840:(Bedlam) endowed directly by the crown; this was the first instance of secular support being provided for medical institutions.
6557:
4337:
2612:
2371:
1690:
1525:
777:
5063:
4388:
2881:
5989:
5851:
5792:
5506:
4777:
4740:
4723:
3927:
3900:
3871:
3666:
3579:
3454:
2844:
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2527:
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and sterile techniques that could make surgery less risky, and the availability of more advanced diagnostic devices such as
6612:
1469:
1414:
830:
6248:
5475:
5467:
1686:
947:
companies, or charities, including direct charitable donations. Historically, hospitals were often founded and funded by
5749:
4542:
2416:
linked to pre-packaged sandwiches and salads in 2019, saying "Nutrition and hydration is part of a patient's recovery."
5754:
2752:
1216:
2092:
made it compulsory for medical students to practise for at least half a year at a hospital as part of their training.
1102:") without staying overnight; while others are "admitted" and stay overnight or for several days or weeks or months ("
6542:
4961:
3627:
2197:
2085:
Medical Ethics; or, a Code of Institutes and Precepts, Adapted to the Professional Conduct of Physicians and Surgeons
1565:
1448:
1311:
and reduce its cost per procedure. Each specialist may also become more efficient by working on one procedure like a
1123:
662:
6433:
5933:
4285:"Catholic hospitals comprise one quarter of world's healthcare, council reports :: Catholic News Agency (CNA)"
3181:
2030:
1816:
In Europe the medieval concept of Christian care evolved during the 16th and 17th centuries into a secular one. In
1529:
1185:, and pregnant women). In 2012, district hospitals provided $ 54 million in uncompensated care in California.
666:
4307:
3990:
1703:
in AD 325 construction of a hospital in every cathedral town was begun, including among the earliest hospitals by
6567:
6193:
5953:
5921:
4886:
2396:
2280:
823:
697:
254:
4814:
2943:
1887:
6283:
6198:
5662:
2015:
1989:
1821:
1160:
In California, "district hospital" refers specifically to a class of healthcare facility created shortly after
339:
269:
3972:
1481:
1149:
A district hospital typically is the major health care facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for
5899:
5884:
5622:
5471:
5347:
5230:
4624:
3026:
2014:. The idea was slow to catch on until the 1770s, when many such organisations began to appear, including the
1747:
alone had 50 major hospitals, many exclusively for the military, by the end of the 15th century. The Islamic
1257:
1197:
289:
40:
2428:. 7% of hospitalised patients in developed countries, and 10% in developing countries, acquire at least one
6632:
6582:
6443:
5874:
5463:
5455:
3472:"Reacting to Epidemics: The Innovative Imperial Public Health System during the Late Northern Song Dynasty"
2975:
2671:
2124:
1985:
1829:
1429:
717:
653:
613:
517:
44:
958:. In the past, however, this work was usually performed by the members of founding religious orders or by
6597:
5904:
4966:
4597:
2660:
2578:
2458:
2429:
2047:
1921:
movement began in the early 18th century, with hospitals being founded in London by the 1720s, including
712:
2454:
the 'healing powers of nature' were first employed by hospital architects in improving their buildings.
1898:, recognized by UNESCO for being the oldest hospital built in the Americas. Built between 1514 and 1541.
983:
During the Middle Ages, hospitals served different functions from modern institutions in that they were
5459:
5281:
5143:
4879:
4839:
4029:
2557:
2387:
2214:
2132:
1864:
1699:
as an accepted religion in the Roman Empire drove an expansion of the provision of care. Following the
1444:
936:
3185:
6637:
6562:
5948:
5894:
5677:
5617:
5499:
5297:
5220:
4508:
3649:
Reinarz, Jonathan (2007). "Corpus Curricula: Medical Education and the Voluntary Hospital Movement".
3423:
3289:
2533:
2514:
2420:
2311:
Modern hospitals derive funding from a variety of sources. They may be funded by private payment and
2300:
2218:
1592:
1553:
955:
772:
707:
20:
3791:
1719:
6592:
5943:
5807:
5546:
4956:
4359:"Battling the Chargemaster: A Simple Remedy to Balance Billing for Unavoidable Out-of-Network Care"
4211:"When the tiny hospital can't survive: Free-standing EDs with primary care seen as new rural model"
4130:
2136:
1561:
1269:
757:
742:
648:
274:
2412:. In 2020, they turned their attention to hospital food standards after seven patient deaths from
6273:
6052:
5842:
5337:
5210:
4685:
Gorsky, Martin. "The British National Health Service 1948–2008: A Review of the Historiography",
2616:
2518:
2495:
2409:
2120:
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and to teach. Nightingale was instrumental in reforming the nature of the hospital, by improving
2000:
1833:
1700:
1604:
1245:
874:
799:
682:
628:
623:
354:
324:
111:
6527:
4097:
3777:
608:
6622:
6496:
6491:
6062:
5879:
5307:
5302:
4936:
4312:
3686:
2479:
2367:
1958:
1882:
1848:
1837:
1704:
1557:
1291:
and are distinguished from multispecialty hospitals which are composed of several specialties.
1284:
1249:
1201:
1154:
972:
878:
687:
658:
575:
570:
121:
5011:
2037:, was a pioneer of hospital design in having "pavilions" to minimize the spread of infection.
1272:, certain disease categories such as cardiac, oncology, or orthopedic problems, and so forth.
6293:
6238:
6092:
6012:
5868:
5769:
3603:
2112:
2089:
1977:
1906:
1844:
1623:
functioned as centers of medical advice, prognosis, and healing. The Asclepeia spread to the
1596:
1425:
1334:
672:
374:
319:
216:
3864:
The Greatest Benefit to Mankind: A Medical History of Humanity from Antiquity to the Present
2051:
1744:
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6162:
5970:
5938:
5862:
5556:
5541:
5492:
5332:
5184:
4951:
4912:
2635:
2095:
2071:
2007:
1922:
1542:
1456:
1402:
1378:
1265:
886:
859:
560:
462:
314:
299:
231:
3516:
Greenwich: an architectural history of the Royal Hospital for Seamen and the Queen's House
1627:. While public healthcare was non-existent in the Roman Empire, military hospitals called
1432:. This department is responsible for the administration of professional nursing practice,
8:
6328:
6233:
6188:
5846:
5256:
5251:
5246:
4986:
4357:
Richmond, Barak D.; Kitzman, Nick; Milstein, Arnold; Schulman, Kevin A. (28 April 2017).
4067:
4015:
3771:
2921:
2640:
2548:
2320:
2019:
1386:
1066:, which letter was eventually removed from the word, the loss of which is signified by a
967:
940:
402:
259:
1193:
6658:
6438:
6408:
6348:
6208:
6067:
5832:
5607:
5571:
5327:
5276:
5153:
5138:
5117:
5098:
4946:
4920:
4865:
4799:
4670:
The Evolution of the Grand Tour: Anglo-Italian Cultural Relations since the Renaissance
4253:
4156:"How U.S. Hospitals and Health Systems Can Reverse Their Sliding Financial Performance"
3889:
3836:
3811:
3747:
3722:
3568:
3397:
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3316:
3215:
2796:
2779:
2655:
2563:
2316:
2234:
1918:
1895:
1860:
1852:
1771:
1682:
1421:
1308:
893:
treatment and other disease-specific categories. Specialized hospitals can help reduce
811:
727:
512:
482:
422:
284:
161:
126:
106:
4682:
Crawford, D.S. Bibliography of Histories of Canadian hospitals and schools of nursing.
4485:
4030:"As admissions have slumped and outpatient care booms, hospitals closing or shrinking"
3595:
3243:
6486:
6388:
6338:
6152:
5779:
5764:
5759:
5666:
5536:
5531:
5205:
5148:
5112:
5108:
5016:
5001:
4981:
4971:
4773:
4736:
4719:
4516:
4257:
3923:
3896:
3867:
3841:
3752:
3662:
3575:
3450:
3401:
3354:
3336:
2840:
2801:
2354:
2046:, the philanthropist. In 1787 the French government sent two scholar administrators,
1969:
1949:
1933:
1875:
1794:
1712:
1517:
1452:
1406:
1390:
1382:
1330:
1324:
1295:
1241:
1220:
1144:
1095:
1004:, signifying a stranger or foreigner, hence a guest. Another noun derived from this,
921:
905:
901:
894:
767:
702:
565:
472:
457:
221:
141:
3445:
Ikram, Sheikh Mohamad (1964). "Economic and Social Developments under the Mughals".
1902:
1664:
Ruins of a two thousand-year-old hospital were discovered in the historical city of
1591:, the ancient chronicle of Sinhalese royalty, written in the sixth century AD, King
1240:
A specialty hospital is primarily and exclusively dedicated to one or a few related
6627:
6607:
6501:
6353:
6343:
6253:
6203:
6117:
5856:
5797:
5703:
5526:
5266:
5189:
5103:
5054:
4916:
4745:
4245:
3831:
3823:
3742:
3734:
3654:
3483:
3389:
3344:
3328:
3239:
3146:
2885:
2818:, the institution of a hospital dedicated to the care of the sick was a distinctly
2791:
2650:
2597:
2383:
2350:
2312:
1965:
1929:
1460:
1433:
1346:
1338:
1119:
948:
944:
747:
737:
580:
417:
412:
329:
279:
201:
171:
67:
27:
2210:
2175:
1226:
954:
Hospitals are currently staffed by professional physicians, surgeons, nurses, and
6537:
6453:
6413:
6378:
6363:
6333:
6228:
6072:
5718:
5713:
5672:
5638:
5271:
5179:
4976:
4853:
4236:
Agnew, John (12 February 2010). "Deus Vult: The Geopolitics of Catholic Church".
4055:"Estimating Health Care-Associated Infections and Deaths in U.S. Hospitals, 2002"
3798:
3488:
3471:
2276:
2079:
1775:
1767:
1736:
1724:
1503:
1345:. It may be linked to a medical school or nursing school, and may be involved in
1312:
1299:
1174:
1071:
855:
633:
527:
522:
487:
447:
407:
309:
131:
3658:
6587:
6547:
6511:
6458:
6383:
6268:
6263:
6132:
6122:
6107:
5802:
5787:
5658:
5312:
5261:
5215:
5174:
4457:
3332:
2677:
2425:
2342:
2327:
2254:
2011:
1756:
1708:
1612:
1150:
996:
863:
638:
590:
532:
452:
349:
344:
226:
191:
176:
54:
4654:
Brockliss, Lawrence, and Colin Jones. "The Hospital in the Enlightenment", in
4249:
3827:
3051:
2128:
6652:
6577:
6506:
6278:
5576:
5561:
5551:
5342:
5322:
5169:
5092:
5021:
4666:'Philanthropy in Italy': English Observations on Italian Hospitals 1545–1789"
4520:
4338:
Hospitals in New Orleans see surge in uninsured patients but not public funds
3551:
3393:
3340:
3302:
3203:
3170:(Guenter Risse, Mending Bodies, Saving Souls: A History of Hospitals, 47–48).
2756:
2665:
2391:
2334:
2261:
2179:
1973:
1891:
1499:
1131:
975:, established in 1681 as a retirement and nursing home for veteran soldiers.
870:
585:
359:
3378:"From Jami'ah to University: Multiculturalism and Christian–Muslim Dialogue"
62:
6602:
6481:
6448:
6423:
6358:
6298:
6258:
6147:
6127:
6112:
5889:
5822:
5817:
5723:
5698:
5653:
5317:
5133:
4996:
4941:
4871:
4568:
3756:
3358:
2819:
2805:
2346:
2067:
2023:
1981:
1926:
1786:
1752:
1696:
1665:
1624:
1370:
1178:
1161:
959:
904:
combines assistance to people with teaching to health science students and
732:
555:
507:
497:
432:
379:
334:
186:
181:
3845:
3738:
1307:
number of procedures increases, the hospital is able to take advantage of
6398:
6373:
6243:
6218:
6157:
6020:
5515:
5075:
4543:"Open hospital windows to stem spread of infections, says microbiologist"
2630:
2099:
2043:
2038:
1878:
in London, one of the first voluntary hospitals to be established in 1724
1600:
1182:
1099:
1034:
909:
854:
is a healthcare institution providing patient treatment with specialized
467:
442:
304:
264:
78:
5981:
4860:
3052:"The "virtual wards" supporting patients with covid-19 in the community"
2501:
in the UK, showing the utilitarian architecture of many modern hospitals
2288:
said that the Church manages 26% of the world's health care facilities.
2241:
By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, medical advancements such as
2111:
for determining the success rate of a given intervention and pushed for
1988:, now Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York City opened in 1771, and
1595:(r. 437–367 BC) had lying-in-homes and hospitals (Sivikasotthi-Sala). A
1506:
intervention, showing the highly technical equipment of modern hospitals
1014:, the Latin word then came to mean a guest-chamber, guest's lodging, an
806:
35:
6617:
6572:
6428:
6418:
6288:
6223:
6172:
6087:
5733:
5693:
5048:
5042:
4991:
4770:
American Catholic Hospitals: A Century of Changing Markets and Missions
3949:
3859:
3769:
2682:
2246:
2242:
2108:
2104:
2018:(1776), the Metropolitan Dispensary and Charitable Fund (1779) and the
1937:
1825:
1748:
1731:
The earliest general hospital in the Islamic world was built in 805 in
1620:
1358:
1261:
1103:
1067:
1053:
984:
917:
913:
890:
752:
692:
502:
492:
364:
294:
151:
4694:
From Western Medicine to Global Medicine: The Hospital Beyond the West
2979:
2249:, continued to make hospitals a more attractive option for treatment.
1954:
920:
and some have chronic treatment units. Common support units include a
6403:
6042:
5728:
5612:
5037:
4822:
4343:
3528:
3317:"Jundi-Shapur, bimaristans, and the rise of academic medical centres"
3117:
Arjuna Aluvihare, "Rohal Kramaya Lovata Dhayadha Kale Sri Lankikayo"
2349:; however, these prices may be lower for health care obtained within
1870:
1856:
1668:
1616:
1587:
1410:
1398:
1394:
1374:
1303:
1253:
929:
925:
882:
782:
477:
96:
26:"General hospital" redirects here. For the US daytime TV series, see
4793:
4763:
Hospitals and Institutional Care in Medieval and Early Modern Europe
4462:
Medicine by Design: The Architect and the Modern Hospital, 1893–1943
2810:
Although physicians were available in varying capacities in ancient
2722:
2296:
1118:"General hospital" redirects here. For the American soap opera, see
962:. However, there are various Catholic religious orders, such as the
6532:
6463:
6368:
5602:
5592:
4800:"Global and Multilanguage Database of public and private hospitals"
4675:
Connor, J.T.H. "Hospital History in Canada and the United States",
3651:
Brain, Mind and Medicine: Essays in Eighteenth-Century Neuroscience
2413:
2338:
2034:
1976:
opened in 1736, first as a workhouse and then later as a hospital;
1779:
1740:
1608:
1333:
delivers healthcare to patients as well as training to prospective
1212:
1205:
1170:
1166:
1011:
992:
963:
618:
537:
437:
384:
206:
3596:"NPGallery Digital Asset Management System: Pennsylvania Hospital"
3377:
6308:
6032:
5812:
5708:
5597:
5069:
5006:
4415:"CQC to inspect hospitals on food standards after patient deaths"
3922:. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations.
3792:
http://www.histansoc.org.uk/uploads/9/5/5/2/9552670/volume_19.pdf
3301:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
2645:
2582:
2405:
1817:
1805:
1790:
1732:
1575:
1342:
1276:
1107:
1040:
369:
86:
3991:"Hospital Industry's 10 Most Critical Metrics – Guiding Metrics"
1260:, and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such as
6142:
6037:
5643:
4815:"Directory and Ranking of more than 17.000 Hospitals worldwide"
4356:
2815:
2401:
2379:
2337:, hospitals typically operate privately and in some cases on a
2304:
2286:
Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers
2140:
1993:
1810:
1520:
stimulated the development of virtual wards across the British
1287:(thoracic surgery). In India, specialty hospitals are known as
1057:
988:
427:
211:
91:
5484:
3570:
America's First Hospital: The Pennsylvania Hospital, 1751–1841
1739:. By the 10th century, Baghdad had five more hospitals, while
1585:, recorded examples of healing institutions. According to the
6082:
6047:
4701:
Hospitals and Healing From Antiquity to the Later Middle Ages
4098:"Two-Midnight and Observation Rule – Chicago Medical Society"
3812:"The Development of Medical Ethics – A Sociological Analysis"
3529:"Colonial City of Santo Domingo. Outstanding Universal Value"
3135:
The Gundeshapur School: Its History, Structure, and Functions
2482:
shows the growing trend for modern architecture in hospitals.
2166:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
2082:(1740–1804) wrote a comprehensive system of medical conduct,
1632:
family, although this practice seems to have ended in 80 AD.
1571:
1234:
885:
hospitals, and hospitals for specific medical needs, such as
722:
146:
101:
4756:
The Care of Strangers: The Rise of America's Hospital System
4658:(Oxford UP, 1997), pp. 671–729; covers France 1650–1800
4625:"Health administrators go shopping for new hospital designs"
2345:. The list of procedures and their prices are billed with a
6137:
6102:
6097:
4805:
4272:
Earthly Mission - The Catholic Church and World Development
2862:, revised by J. Marchant & J. Charles, 260th. thousand.
2811:
1855:, an instance of the use of the word "hospital" to mean an
1760:
1349:. Students may also observe clinical work in the hospital.
236:
196:
166:
156:
1727:
in Cairo, Egypt, which housed the notable Mansuri hospital
995:, or hospital schools. The word "hospital" comes from the
866:
and additional beds for patients who need long-term care.
6303:
6057:
4789:
2143:, being considered as the birth of specialised medicine.
1649:
1521:
1015:
762:
116:
16:
Health care facility with specialized staff and equipment
3866:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. pp. 316–17.
2780:"Altar and Table: A phenomenology of the surgeon-priest"
2022:(1780). Dispensaries were also opened in New York 1771,
1936:(1724) funded from the bequest of the wealthy merchant,
1800:
971:
preserved in the names of some institutions such as the
3565:
47:, Spain, with entrance and parking area for ambulances.
4389:"Emergency Medical Treatment & Labor Act (EMTALA)"
4264:
4131:"CMS drops two-midnight rule's inpatient payment cuts"
3919:
Florence Nightingale: Measuring Hospital Care Outcomes
2098:
pioneered the modern profession of nursing during the
4837:
3915:
3559:
3444:
3150:
Mending bodies, saving souls: a history of hospitals.
1578:, a Chinese Buddhist monk who travelled across India
1405:. Some hospitals have outpatient departments such as
4749:
Mending Bodies, Saving Souls: A History of Hospitals
4183:"5 common questions about micro-hospitals, answered"
3131:
The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 22:2
2884:. District Hospital Leadership Forum. Archived from
2074:
worked and helped to restructure the modern hospital
1052:. The latter modern word derives from Latin via the
4437:"Going into hospital far riskier than flying: WHO"
3888:
3770:Michael Marks Davis; Andrew Robert Warner (1918).
3567:
2978:. fastcompany.com. 7 February 2012. Archived from
1231:All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
4689:, December 2008, Vol. 21 Issue 3, pp. 437–60
3973:"Opinion | Are Hospitals Becoming Obsolete?"
3648:
3469:
3416:"Islamic Culture and the Medical Arts: Hospitals"
1751:served as a center of medical treatment, as well
1369:A hospital contains one or more wards that house
6650:
4594:"The psychological and social needs of patients"
4305:
4016:"Fast Facts on U.S. Hospitals, 2018 | AHA"
3809:
3290:Islamic Culture and the Medical Arts: Hospitals
3082:"Modern technology reduces hospital admissions"
1851:as a retirement home for old soldiers known as
1652:, the best preserved instance of an Asklepieion
3966:
3964:
3962:
3182:"Christianity: Curing and caring for the sick"
1032:was dropped for convenience of pronunciation)
5997:
5500:
4887:
4716:Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science
4713:
3954:The Vienna Medical School of the 19th Century
3624:"Painted window in St Bartholomew's Hospital"
3263:
3261:
3084:. Building Better Healthcare. 2 December 2020
2970:
2968:
2164:The examples and perspective in this section
1463:, dining services, and security departments.
1377:. It may also have acute services such as an
831:
4901:
4509:"Better Healing from Better Hospital Design"
4393:Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
4047:
3505:(Norwich: Jarrold Publishing, 2002), pp. 3–4
2755:. bbcnews.com. 1 August 2010. Archived from
1298:compared to general hospitals. For example,
1081:
1075:
951:, or by charitable individuals and leaders.
4332:
4330:
4229:
3959:
3179:
1743:had six hospitals by the 15th century, and
1019:
1005:
999:
6004:
5990:
5507:
5493:
4894:
4880:
4417:. Health Service Journal. 17 November 2020
4063:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
3886:
3720:
3449:. Columbia University Press. p. 223.
3294:United States National Library of Medicine
3269:"The Islamic Roots of the Modern Hospital"
3258:
2965:
2920:. Payers &–° Providers. Archived from
2911:
2909:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2753:"India's 'production line' heart hospital"
2279:is the largest non-government provider of
2182:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
2146:
1173:program, serving low-income persons, some
838:
824:
6011:
4622:
4506:
3835:
3746:
3683:"General Acute Care Hospital in New York"
3547:"Ruinas del Hospital San Nicolás de BarĂ"
3487:
3348:
2795:
2270:Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services
2198:Learn how and when to remove this message
1113:
1098:, treatment, or therapy and then leave ("
4735:, with Lindsay Patricia Granshaw (1989)
4656:The Medical World of Early Modern France
4327:
4287:. Catholic News Agency. 10 February 2010
3971:Emanuel, Ezekiel J. (25 February 2018).
3321:Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
3180:Jan Pelikan, Jaroslav (13 August 2022).
2295:
2224:
2209:
2061:
1961:as a response to an outbreak of plague.
1911:University of Pennsylvania Health System
1901:
1881:
1869:
1804:
1718:
1225:
1211:
1192:
1094:Some patients go to a hospital just for
34:
4714:Morelon, RĂ©gis; Rashed, Roshdi (1996),
4679:, 1990, Vol. 7 Issue 1, pp. 93–104
4648:
4566:
4308:"Surgery worries create insurance boom"
4008:
3970:
3155:
2918:"District Hospitals' Important Mission"
2900:
2865:
2837:A Portrait of Norwegian Americans Today
2598:All India Institute of Medical Sciences
2499:Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital
1364:
1024:is thus the root for the English words
6651:
4635:from the original on 26 December 2008.
4623:Rosenberg, Julian (15 November 2004).
4540:
4472:
4470:
3956:(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976)
3858:
3518:(Yale University Press, 2001), pp. 4–7
3375:
3369:
3314:
2834:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2372:international healthcare accreditation
2231:red cross, red crescent or red crystal
1957:was founded in Berlin in 1710 by King
1691:Medicine in the medieval Islamic world
1615:, temples dedicated to the healer-god
1526:West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust
1294:Specialised hospitals can help reduce
5985:
5852:Artificial intelligence in healthcare
5488:
4875:
4569:"Closed windows 'increase infection'"
4235:
4205:
4203:
4125:
4123:
4108:from the original on 25 November 2018
4092:
4090:
4088:
3916:Nightingale, Florence (August 1999).
3891:Fundamentals of Mental Health Nursing
3238:
3232:
3102:
2839:. U of Minnesota Press. p. 192.
2360:
2119:built and run from public funds. The
1801:Early modern and Enlightenment Europe
4677:Canadian Bulletin of Medical History
4363:The American Journal of Managed Care
4306:Johnston, Martin (21 January 2008).
4299:
3895:. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company.
3600:National Register of Historic Places
3588:
3533:UNESCO World Heritage Centre website
3107:. Dev Publishers & Distributors.
2784:Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
2777:
2150:
1865:Royal Hospital for Seamen, Greenwich
1770:existed at least since the reign of
1597:hospital and medical training center
1511:
6249:Maintenance, repair, and operations
4507:Yamaguchi, Yuhgo (5 October 2015).
4467:
3283:
3245:A Short History of the Arab Peoples
2740:
1964:Voluntary hospitals also spread to
1687:Medieval medicine of Western Europe
1603:, a major city in southwest of the
1279:, specialised hospitals are called
13:
5927:reform debate in the United States
4772:(Rutgers University Press, 2011).
4672:, 2nd ed. London, Routledge, 2000.
4484:. July–August 2006. Archived from
4274:; TJ International Ltd; 2013; p.40
4200:
4120:
4085:
3514:J. Bold, P. Guillery, D. Kendall,
2613:Lehigh Valley Hospital–Cedar Crest
1475:Hospital beds per 1000 people 2013
1217:McMaster University Medical Centre
935:Hospitals are typically funded by
14:
6670:
6553:Controlled-access highway systems
5954:(Category Health care by country)
4794:https://www.who.int/hospitals/en/
4783:
4180:
3790:Surgeon Vice Admiral A Revell in
2534:Hinduja National Hospital, Mumbai
2408:, hospitals are monitored by the
1566:Medical community of ancient Rome
1547:
1449:release of information department
1124:General hospital (disambiguation)
6613:San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge
6434:Sustainable urban infrastructure
5966:
5965:
4859:
4847:
4600:. 7 January 2011. Archived from
4541:Sample, Ian (20 February 2012).
3566:Williams, William Henry (1976).
3296:
3027:"Hospital beds per 1,000 people"
2976:"Narayana Hrudayalaya Hospitals"
2915:
2605:
2590:
2571:
2556:
2540:
2526:
2506:
2487:
2471:
2430:health care-associated infection
2155:
2031:Royal Naval Hospital, Stonehouse
1657:
1637:
1530:Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust
1492:
1480:
1468:
805:
795:
794:
61:
6568:Hong Kong International Airport
6194:Infrastructure asset management
5514:
4708:Encyclopedia of Medical History
4643:
4616:
4586:
4567:Bowdler, Neil (26 April 2013).
4560:
4534:
4500:
4451:
4429:
4407:
4381:
4350:
4277:
4174:
4148:
4022:
3983:
3943:
3909:
3880:
3852:
3803:
3784:
3763:
3714:
3709:Encyclopedia of Medical History
3701:
3675:
3642:
3616:
3539:
3521:
3508:
3496:
3463:
3438:
3408:
3308:
3220:
3209:
3192:
3173:
3164:
3140:
3124:
3111:
3096:
3074:
3044:
3019:
2994:
2695:
2435:
2057:
1809:A hospital ward in 6th century
1436:, and policy for the hospital.
1357:Clinics generally provide only
1258:long-term acute care facilities
1233:, a large teaching hospital in
912:) and specialist units such as
768:Spanish autovias and autopistas
5663:Academic health science centre
2936:
2853:
2828:
2778:Hall, Daniel (December 2008).
2771:
2715:
2016:Public Dispensary of Edinburgh
1990:Massachusetts General Hospital
1822:dissolution of the monasteries
1676:
1188:
869:Specialized hospitals include
1:
5900:Health information management
5885:health information technology
5623:Health information management
4187:www.beckershospitalreview.com
3002:"What's a Teaching Hospital?"
2708:
1579:
1487:Hospital beds per inhabitants
778:Power transmission in the USA
629:Brazilian energy independence
290:European green infrastructure
41:Bellvitge University Hospital
6583:Kansai International Airport
6444:Transit-oriented development
5875:Translational bioinformatics
4761:Scheutz, Martin et al. eds.
3489:10.1097/MC9.0000000000000041
3476:Chinese Medicine and Culture
3447:Muslim Civilization in India
2125:Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky
1888:Hospital San Nicolás de Bari
1443:Support units may include a
978:
518:Transit-oriented development
7:
6558:Electric power transmission
5905:Consumer health informatics
5226:Veterans medical facilities
4967:Hospital information system
4692:Harrison, Mar, et al. eds.
4629:National Review of Medicine
4598:British Medical Association
3659:10.1007/978-0-387-70967-3_4
3376:Alatas, Syed Farid (2006).
3206:(2009) Accessed April 2011.
2944:"Specialty Hospital Update"
2661:Hospital information system
2624:
2579:Tampere University Hospital
2459:British Medical Association
2178:, discuss the issue on the
1420:A hospital may also have a
1318:
1138:
1062:, which developed a silent
956:allied health practitioners
678:British offshore wind-power
10:
6675:
6638:Transcontinental railroads
6284:Public–private partnership
5144:Tertiary referral hospital
4819:hospitals.webometrics.info
4718:, vol. 3, Routledge,
4687:Social History of Medicine
3503:The Royal Hospital Chelsea
3470:Goldschmidt, Asaf (2023).
3333:10.1177/014107680609901208
3119:Vidhusara Science Magazine
2860:Cassell's Latin Dictionary
2478:The medical center at the
2388:Trent Accreditation Scheme
2291:
2215:Cabell Huntington Hospital
2133:Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra
2066:A ward of the hospital at
1763:, as well as state funds.
1680:
1551:
1540:
1536:
1445:medical records department
1352:
1322:
1198:Starship Children's Health
1142:
1117:
340:Public–private partnership
25:
18:
6543:Bus rapid transit systems
6520:
6472:
6317:
6181:
6019:
5961:
5915:
5895:Public health informatics
5831:
5808:Electronic health records
5778:
5742:
5686:
5678:Supervised injection site
5631:
5618:Allied health professions
5585:
5522:
5452:
5356:
5290:
5239:
5199:Limited class of patients
5198:
5162:
5126:
5085:
5030:
4927:
4910:
4347:, Wednesday 26 April 2006
4250:10.1080/14650040903420388
3828:10.1017/s002572730001992x
3711:(Macmillan 1985), p. 139.
3315:Miller, Andrew C (2006).
3062:(369): m2119. 5 June 2020
2727:World Health Organization
2515:Fawcett Memorial Hospital
2421:World Health Organization
2301:Clinical Hospital Dubrava
2219:Huntington, West Virginia
1867:, with the same purpose.
1774:in the 14th century. The
1713:Basil, bishop of Caesarea
1593:Pandukabhaya of Sri Lanka
1554:Ancient Egyptian medicine
1459:, facilities management,
1440:nurses and nursing care.
1289:super-specialty hospitals
1219:, a teaching hospital in
773:Transcontinental Railroad
654:Curtiba rapid bus transit
45:L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
21:Hospital (disambiguation)
3810:Waddington Ivan (1975).
3394:10.1177/0011392106058837
3133:Mehmet Mahfuz Söylemez,
3006:www.brennerchildrens.org
2688:
2137:Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis
1562:Medicine in ancient Rome
1246:rehabilitation hospitals
1089:
939:, health organizations (
875:rehabilitation hospitals
743:San Francisco Bay Bridge
6053:Critical infrastructure
5843:Medical image computing
5793:Artificial intelligence
5454:Lists of hospitals in:
5338:Rehabilitation hospital
5211:Combat support hospital
5086:Geographic service area
5072:lying in houses (India)
4962:Hospital administrators
4758:(1995); history to 1920
4733:The Hospital in History
4661:Chaney, Edward (2000),
4513:Harvard Business Review
4439:. Reuters. 21 July 2011
4160:Harvard Business Review
3797:6 November 2020 at the
3186:Encyclopædia Britannica
2617:Allentown, Pennsylvania
2551:(ICU) within a hospital
2519:Port Charlotte, Florida
2496:National Health Service
2410:Care Quality Commission
2397:Haute Autorité de santé
2233:in accordance with the
2147:20th century and beyond
2121:National Health Service
2109:statistical measurement
2026:1786, and Boston 1796.
2001:Vienna General Hospital
1925:(1719) promoted by the
1701:First Council of Nicaea
1605:Sassanid Persian Empire
1415:rehabilitation services
1169:(which is California's
1058:
758:Spanish high-speed rail
698:Hong Kong Int'l Airport
683:Nuclear power in France
649:China's high-speed rail
624:Bicycle parking station
112:Critical infrastructure
6497:Mechanical engineering
6492:Electrical engineering
6199:Build–operate–transfer
6063:Electricity generation
5880:Translational medicine
5163:Unique physical traits
5127:Complexity of services
4754:Rosenberg, Charles E.
4751:(1999); world coverage
4313:The New Zealand Herald
3776:. MacMillan. pp.
2480:University of Virginia
2451:
2368:hospital accreditation
2308:
2238:
2222:
2075:
1959:Frederick I of Prussia
1914:
1899:
1879:
1849:Royal Hospital Chelsea
1838:St Mary of Bethlehem's
1813:
1728:
1558:Ancient Greek medicine
1285:Fachkrankenhaus Coswig
1237:
1223:
1209:
1157:, and long-term care.
1122:. For other uses, see
1114:General and acute care
1086:shares similar roots.
1082:
1076:
1020:
1006:
1000:
973:Royal Hospital Chelsea
918:outpatient departments
916:. Some hospitals have
812:Engineering portal
688:Solar power in Germany
659:Cycling infrastructure
576:Mechanical engineering
270:Build–operate–transfer
48:
6633:Trans-Alaska pipeline
6239:Life-cycle assessment
6214:Engineering contracts
6093:Municipal solid waste
6013:Public infrastructure
5869:Computational biology
5770:Universal precautions
3739:10.3399/bjgp17X689281
3604:National Park Service
3240:Glubb, Sir John Bagot
3199:Catholic Encyclopedia
3103:Legge, James (1965).
2951:National Public Radio
2447:
2299:
2228:
2213:
2113:administrative reform
2090:Apothecaries Act 1815
2065:
1978:Pennsylvania Hospital
1907:Pennsylvania Hospital
1905:
1885:
1873:
1808:
1785:In China, during the
1722:
1607:founded in AD 271 by
1426:chief nursing officer
1422:department of nursing
1335:medical professionals
1229:
1215:
1196:
887:psychiatric hospitals
614:Trans-Alaska pipeline
370:Replacement (upgrade)
320:Life-cycle assessment
300:Engineering contracts
38:
6528:Akashi KaikyĹŤ Bridge
6394:Mobile data terminal
6168:Water supply network
6163:Wastewater treatment
5863:Behavior informatics
5348:Verterinary hospital
5333:Psychiatric hospital
5185:Underground hospital
4952:Emergency department
4913:History of hospitals
4706:McGrew, Roderick E.
4649:History of hospitals
4631:. Volume 1, no. 21.
3707:Roderick E. McGrew,
2835:Lovoll, Odd (1998).
2636:History of hospitals
2376:Accreditation Canada
2374:, by groups such as
2321:charitable donations
2176:improve this section
2096:Florence Nightingale
2072:Florence Nightingale
1923:Westminster Hospital
1543:History of hospitals
1457:clinical engineering
1403:medical laboratories
1379:emergency department
1365:Departments or wards
1266:psychiatric hospital
1250:children's hospitals
906:auxiliary healthcare
879:children's hospitals
860:emergency department
718:Kansai Int'l Airport
609:Akashi KaikyĹŤ Bridge
561:Chemical engineering
463:Mobile data terminal
315:Green infrastructure
19:For other uses, see
6598:Offshore wind farms
6409:Renewable resources
6329:Air traffic control
6234:Infrastructure bond
5847:imaging informatics
5755:Cultural competence
5357:Century established
5303:Children's hospital
5257:Non-profit hospital
5252:For-profit hospital
5247:Charitable hospital
5060:HĂ´tel-Dieu (France)
4987:Intensive care unit
4804:hospitalsworldguide
4768:Wall, Barbra Mann.
4699:Horden, Peregrine.
4478:"Healing by design"
4270:Calderisi, Robert.
3887:Kathy Neeb (2006).
3721:Freeman GK (2017).
3689:on 16 February 2023
3574:. Haverford House.
3226:Husain F. Nagamia,
2641:History of medicine
2549:intensive care unit
2513:Hospital chapel at
2351:healthcare networks
2281:health careservices
2020:Finsbury Dispensary
1859:. Ten years later,
1695:The declaration of
1430:director of nursing
1387:intensive care unit
1302:'s cardiac unit in
1244:. Subtypes include
1242:medical specialties
1202:children's hospital
968:Bon Secours Sisters
708:Interstate highways
538:Wireless technology
403:Air traffic control
6439:Traffic congestion
6349:Congestion pricing
6153:Telecommunications
6068:Energy development
5833:Health informatics
5608:Healthcare science
5328:Maternity hospital
5277:Voluntary hospital
5154:Specialty hospital
5139:Secondary hospital
5118:Municipal hospital
5099:Community hospital
4947:Coronary care unit
4921:Category:Hospitals
4488:on 17 October 2007
4217:. 7 September 2011
4073:on 15 October 2011
3995:guidingmetrics.com
3977:The New York Times
3653:. pp. 43–52.
3630:on 17 October 2021
3426:on 21 January 2024
3216:Byzantine medicine
2982:on 13 October 2013
2656:Lists of hospitals
2564:Uniklinikum Aachen
2361:Quality and safety
2317:public expenditure
2309:
2239:
2235:Geneva Conventions
2223:
2078:English physician
2076:
1919:voluntary hospital
1915:
1900:
1896:Dominican Republic
1880:
1874:1820 engraving of
1853:Chelsea Pensioners
1814:
1772:Firuz Shah Tughlaq
1729:
1683:Byzantine medicine
1309:economies of scale
1238:
1224:
1210:
1080:. The German word
728:Offshore wind port
644:Chicago wastewater
513:Traffic congestion
423:Congestion pricing
162:Pipeline transport
142:Irrigation schemes
107:Coastal management
49:
6646:
6645:
6563:High-speed trains
6487:Civil engineering
6389:Land-use planning
6339:Bus rapid transit
5979:
5978:
5743:Skills / training
5667:Teaching hospital
5482:
5481:
5291:Condition treated
5206:Military hospital
5149:Teaching hospital
5113:District hospital
5109:Regional hospital
5002:Operating theater
4972:Hospital medicine
4778:978-0-8135-4940-8
4746:Risse, Guenter B.
4741:978-0-415-00375-9
4725:978-0-415-12410-2
4215:Modern Healthcare
4135:Modern Healthcare
4034:Modern Healthcare
3929:978-0-86688-559-1
3902:978-0-8036-2034-6
3873:978-0-393-31980-4
3668:978-0-387-70966-6
3581:978-0-910702-02-7
3456:978-0-231-02580-5
3382:Current Sociology
3271:. aramcoworld.com
3031:Our World in Data
2846:978-0-8166-2832-2
2386:in the U.S., the
2355:Hurricane Katrina
2208:
2207:
2200:
1986:New York Hospital
1970:Bellevue Hospital
1930:C. Hoare & Co
1518:COVID-19 pandemic
1512:Remote monitoring
1502:room bed after a
1453:technical support
1407:behavioral health
1391:hospital pharmacy
1383:operating theatre
1331:teaching hospital
1325:Teaching hospital
1296:health care costs
1221:Hamilton, Ontario
1145:Regional hospital
902:teaching hospital
895:health care costs
848:
847:
713:Jamnagar Refinery
703:Intercity Express
673:Danish wind-power
473:Rapid bus transit
458:Land-use planning
222:Telecommunication
6666:
6628:Three Gorges Dam
6608:Port of Shanghai
6502:Public economics
6354:Containerization
6344:Carbon footprint
6254:Natural monopoly
6123:Public utilities
6118:Public transport
6006:
5999:
5992:
5983:
5982:
5969:
5968:
5857:Neuroinformatics
5798:Connected health
5509:
5502:
5495:
5486:
5485:
5267:Private hospital
5231:Women's hospital
5190:Virtual Hospital
5104:General hospital
5055:Cottage hospital
4917:Hospital network
4896:
4889:
4882:
4873:
4872:
4864:
4863:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4843:
4834:
4832:
4830:
4825:on 21 April 2010
4821:. Archived from
4810:
4728:
4665:
4637:
4636:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4609:
4604:on 14 March 2011
4590:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4579:
4564:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4553:
4538:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4504:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4493:
4474:
4465:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4444:
4433:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4411:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4385:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4374:
4354:
4348:
4334:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4320:
4303:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4281:
4275:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4233:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4207:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4193:
4178:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4162:. 5 October 2017
4152:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4141:
4127:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4113:
4094:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4078:
4072:
4066:. Archived from
4059:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4040:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4012:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3968:
3957:
3947:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3936:
3913:
3907:
3906:
3894:
3884:
3878:
3877:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3839:
3807:
3801:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3767:
3761:
3760:
3750:
3718:
3712:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3685:. Archived from
3679:
3673:
3672:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3626:. Archived from
3620:
3614:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3573:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3525:
3519:
3512:
3506:
3500:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3422:. Archived from
3412:
3406:
3405:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3352:
3312:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3265:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3236:
3230:
3229:, (2003), p. 24.
3224:
3218:
3213:
3207:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3162:
3159:
3153:
3144:
3138:
3128:
3122:
3121:, November 1993.
3115:
3109:
3108:
3100:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3012:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2972:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2948:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2913:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2882:"Our Background"
2878:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2799:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2759:on 18 April 2017
2749:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2719:
2702:
2699:
2672:The Waiting Room
2651:Hospital network
2609:
2594:
2575:
2560:
2544:
2530:
2510:
2491:
2475:
2457:The research of
2384:Joint Commission
2313:health insurance
2203:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2183:
2159:
2158:
2151:
1996:opened in 1811.
1984:opened in 1752,
1966:Colonial America
1830:St Bartholomew's
1824:in 1540 by King
1768:public hospitals
1723:Entrance to the
1661:
1641:
1599:also existed at
1584:
1581:
1496:
1484:
1472:
1461:plant operations
1347:medical research
1339:medical students
1283:; an example is
1270:cancer treatment
1120:General Hospital
1085:
1079:
1061:
1023:
1009:
1003:
949:religious orders
945:health insurance
840:
833:
826:
810:
809:
798:
797:
748:Three Gorges Dam
738:Port of Shanghai
581:Public economics
418:Containerization
413:Carbon footprint
397:Issues and ideas
275:Design–bid–build
255:Asset management
202:Sewage treatment
68:Grand Coulee Dam
65:
51:
50:
39:The exterior of
28:General Hospital
6674:
6673:
6669:
6668:
6667:
6665:
6664:
6663:
6649:
6648:
6647:
6642:
6538:Brooklyn Bridge
6516:
6474:
6468:
6454:Waste-to-energy
6414:Reverse osmosis
6384:Hybrid vehicles
6379:High-speed rail
6364:Fuel efficiency
6334:Brownfield land
6321:
6319:
6313:
6229:Government debt
6177:
6073:Hazardous waste
6025:
6023:
6015:
6010:
5980:
5975:
5957:
5911:
5910:
5909:
5827:
5774:
5738:
5714:Overutilization
5682:
5673:Pharmacy school
5639:Assisted living
5627:
5581:
5518:
5513:
5483:
5478:
5448:
5352:
5286:
5272:Public hospital
5235:
5221:Prison hospital
5194:
5180:Mobile hospital
5158:
5122:
5081:
5026:
4977:Hospital museum
4957:Emergency codes
4929:
4928:Common hospital
4923:
4906:
4902:Articles about
4900:
4870:
4858:
4848:
4846:
4838:
4828:
4826:
4813:
4798:
4786:
4726:
4663:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4640:
4621:
4617:
4607:
4605:
4592:
4591:
4587:
4577:
4575:
4565:
4561:
4551:
4549:
4539:
4535:
4525:
4523:
4505:
4501:
4491:
4489:
4476:
4475:
4468:
4456:
4452:
4442:
4440:
4435:
4434:
4430:
4420:
4418:
4413:
4412:
4408:
4398:
4396:
4395:. 26 March 2012
4387:
4386:
4382:
4372:
4370:
4355:
4351:
4335:
4328:
4318:
4316:
4304:
4300:
4290:
4288:
4283:
4282:
4278:
4269:
4265:
4234:
4230:
4220:
4218:
4209:
4208:
4201:
4191:
4189:
4179:
4175:
4165:
4163:
4154:
4153:
4149:
4139:
4137:
4129:
4128:
4121:
4111:
4109:
4102:www.cmsdocs.org
4096:
4095:
4086:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4057:
4053:
4052:
4048:
4038:
4036:
4028:
4027:
4023:
4014:
4013:
4009:
3999:
3997:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3969:
3960:
3948:
3944:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3914:
3910:
3903:
3885:
3881:
3874:
3857:
3853:
3816:Medical History
3808:
3804:
3799:Wayback Machine
3789:
3785:
3768:
3764:
3719:
3715:
3706:
3702:
3692:
3690:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3669:
3647:
3643:
3633:
3631:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3608:
3606:
3594:
3593:
3589:
3582:
3564:
3560:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3513:
3509:
3501:
3497:
3468:
3464:
3457:
3443:
3439:
3429:
3427:
3420:www.nlm.nih.gov
3414:
3413:
3409:
3374:
3370:
3327:(12): 615–617.
3313:
3309:
3297:
3288:
3284:
3274:
3272:
3267:
3266:
3259:
3250:
3248:
3237:
3233:
3225:
3221:
3214:
3210:
3197:
3193:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3165:
3160:
3156:
3145:
3141:
3129:
3125:
3116:
3112:
3101:
3097:
3087:
3085:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3065:
3063:
3050:
3049:
3045:
3035:
3033:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3010:
3008:
3000:
2999:
2995:
2985:
2983:
2974:
2973:
2966:
2956:
2954:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2937:
2927:
2925:
2924:on 14 July 2014
2914:
2901:
2891:
2889:
2888:on 14 July 2014
2880:
2879:
2866:
2858:
2854:
2847:
2833:
2829:
2776:
2772:
2762:
2760:
2751:
2750:
2741:
2731:
2729:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2696:
2691:
2627:
2620:
2610:
2601:
2600:in Delhi, India
2595:
2586:
2576:
2567:
2561:
2552:
2545:
2536:
2531:
2522:
2511:
2502:
2492:
2483:
2476:
2438:
2363:
2341:basis, such as
2294:
2277:Catholic Church
2204:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2173:
2160:
2156:
2149:
2080:Thomas Percival
2060:
1803:
1737:Harun Al-Rashid
1725:Qalawun complex
1693:
1679:
1672:
1662:
1653:
1642:
1582:
1568:
1550:
1545:
1539:
1514:
1507:
1497:
1488:
1485:
1476:
1473:
1367:
1355:
1327:
1321:
1313:production line
1300:Narayana Health
1281:Fachkrankenhaus
1191:
1177:, persons with
1175:senior citizens
1147:
1141:
1127:
1116:
1092:
981:
943:or nonprofit),
844:
804:
787:
763:French TGV rail
634:Brooklyn Bridge
605:
604:
595:
552:
551:
550:Fields of study
542:
528:Waste-to-energy
523:Fuel efficiency
488:Reverse osmosis
453:Hybrid vehicles
448:High-speed rail
399:
398:
389:
310:Government debt
251:
250:
241:
132:Hazardous waste
83:
82:
70:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6672:
6662:
6661:
6644:
6643:
6641:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6588:Millau Viaduct
6585:
6580:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6548:Channel Tunnel
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6524:
6522:
6518:
6517:
6515:
6514:
6512:Urban planning
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6478:
6476:
6470:
6469:
6467:
6466:
6461:
6459:Weatherization
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6325:
6323:
6315:
6314:
6312:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6276:
6271:
6269:Public finance
6266:
6264:Public capital
6261:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6185:
6183:
6179:
6178:
6176:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6133:Rail transport
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6108:Public housing
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6029:
6027:
6017:
6016:
6009:
6008:
6001:
5994:
5986:
5977:
5976:
5974:
5973:
5962:
5959:
5958:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5934:United Kingdom
5931:
5930:
5929:
5919:
5917:
5913:
5912:
5908:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5866:
5860:
5854:
5849:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5835:
5829:
5828:
5826:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5803:Digital health
5800:
5795:
5790:
5788:3D bioprinting
5784:
5782:
5776:
5775:
5773:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5750:Bedside manner
5746:
5744:
5740:
5739:
5737:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5690:
5688:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5659:Medical school
5656:
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5635:
5633:
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5549:
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5539:
5534:
5529:
5523:
5520:
5519:
5512:
5511:
5504:
5497:
5489:
5480:
5479:
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5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
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5411:
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5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5360:
5358:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5313:Fever hospital
5310:
5305:
5300:
5294:
5292:
5288:
5287:
5285:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5262:State hospital
5259:
5254:
5249:
5243:
5241:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5216:Field hospital
5213:
5208:
5202:
5200:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5175:Hospital train
5172:
5166:
5164:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5130:
5128:
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5120:
5115:
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5101:
5096:
5089:
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5083:
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5067:
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5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
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4979:
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4959:
4954:
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4939:
4933:
4931:
4925:
4924:
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4907:
4899:
4898:
4891:
4884:
4876:
4869:
4868:
4856:
4836:
4835:
4811:
4796:
4785:
4784:External links
4782:
4781:
4780:
4766:
4759:
4752:
4743:
4729:
4724:
4711:
4704:
4697:
4690:
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4585:
4559:
4533:
4499:
4466:
4458:Annmarie Adams
4450:
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3727:Br J Gen Pract
3713:
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2916:Knox, Dennis.
2899:
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2827:
2770:
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2707:
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2678:Walk-in clinic
2675:
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2648:
2643:
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2493:
2486:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2437:
2434:
2426:Liam Donaldson
2362:
2359:
2343:HCA Healthcare
2328:United Kingdom
2293:
2290:
2255:case mix index
2206:
2205:
2170:of the subject
2168:worldwide view
2163:
2161:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2115:at hospitals.
2059:
2056:
2012:British Empire
1934:Guy's Hospital
1876:Guy's Hospital
1802:
1799:
1757:lunatic asylum
1709:Constantinople
1678:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1663:
1656:
1654:
1643:
1636:
1613:ancient Greece
1549:
1548:Early examples
1546:
1541:Main article:
1538:
1535:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1498:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1467:
1424:, headed by a
1366:
1363:
1354:
1351:
1323:Main article:
1320:
1317:
1264:problems (see
1190:
1187:
1181:, children in
1151:intensive care
1143:Main article:
1140:
1137:
1115:
1112:
1091:
1088:
987:for the poor,
980:
977:
937:public funding
871:trauma centers
864:intensive care
856:health science
846:
845:
843:
842:
835:
828:
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715:
710:
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690:
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680:
675:
670:
656:
651:
646:
641:
639:Channel Tunnel
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
602:
601:
600:
597:
596:
594:
593:
591:Urban planning
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
549:
548:
547:
544:
543:
541:
540:
535:
533:Weatherization
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
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460:
455:
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405:
396:
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394:
391:
390:
388:
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382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
350:Public finance
347:
345:Public capital
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
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242:
240:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
177:Public housing
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
81:and facilities
77:
76:
75:
72:
71:
66:
58:
57:
55:Infrastructure
15:
9:
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4:
3:
2:
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6599:
6596:
6594:
6593:Nuclear power
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6578:Humber Bridge
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
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6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
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6513:
6510:
6508:
6507:Public policy
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
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6477:
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6279:Public sector
6277:
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6265:
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6195:
6192:
6190:
6189:Appropriation
6187:
6186:
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6180:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
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6149:
6148:State schools
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
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6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
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6119:
6116:
6114:
6113:Public spaces
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
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5923:
5922:United States
5920:
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5901:
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5888:
5886:
5883:
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5876:
5873:
5871:in healthcare
5870:
5867:
5865:in healthcare
5864:
5861:
5859:in healthcare
5858:
5855:
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5477:
5476:South America
5473:
5469:
5468:North America
5465:
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5457:
5451:
5445:
5442:
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5435:
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5346:
5344:
5343:Trauma center
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5323:Lock hospital
5321:
5319:
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5181:
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5173:
5171:
5170:Hospital ship
5168:
5167:
5165:
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5155:
5152:
5150:
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5142:
5140:
5137:
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5125:
5119:
5116:
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5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5094:
5093:Base hospital
5091:
5090:
5088:
5084:
5078:(Middle Ages)
5077:
5074:
5071:
5068:
5065:
5064:Valetudinaria
5062:
5059:
5056:
5053:
5050:
5047:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5031:Archaic forms
5029:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
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4963:
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4953:
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4943:
4940:
4938:
4937:Accreditation
4935:
4934:
4932:
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4918:
4914:
4909:
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4734:
4731:Porter, Roy.
4730:
4727:
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4709:
4705:
4702:
4698:
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4103:
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4091:
4089:
4069:
4065:
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4056:
4050:
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3992:
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3605:
3601:
3597:
3591:
3583:
3577:
3572:
3571:
3562:
3554:
3553:
3552:Lonely Planet
3548:
3542:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3517:
3511:
3504:
3499:
3490:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3466:
3458:
3452:
3448:
3441:
3425:
3421:
3417:
3411:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3388:(1): 112–32.
3387:
3383:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3360:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3303:public domain
3295:
3291:
3286:
3270:
3264:
3262:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3235:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3212:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3195:
3187:
3183:
3176:
3167:
3158:
3151:
3148:
3143:
3136:
3132:
3127:
3120:
3114:
3106:
3099:
3083:
3077:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3047:
3032:
3028:
3022:
3007:
3003:
2997:
2981:
2977:
2971:
2969:
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2887:
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2848:
2842:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2807:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2790:(4): 193–98.
2789:
2785:
2781:
2774:
2758:
2754:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2714:
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2694:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2667:
2666:Trauma center
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
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2500:
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2427:
2422:
2417:
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2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2398:
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2392:Great Britain
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2377:
2373:
2369:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2348:
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2340:
2336:
2335:United States
2331:
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2314:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2289:
2287:
2282:
2278:
2273:
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2265:
2263:
2262:United States
2258:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2236:
2232:
2227:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2202:
2199:
2191:
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2171:
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2153:
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2110:
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2069:
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2055:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2008:Enlightenment
2004:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1974:New York City
1971:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1945:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1912:
1909:(now part of
1908:
1904:
1897:
1893:
1892:Santo Domingo
1889:
1886:Ruins of the
1884:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1839:
1835:
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1823:
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1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1705:Saint Sampson
1702:
1698:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1670:
1667:
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1655:
1651:
1647:
1640:
1635:
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1630:
1629:valetudinaria
1626:
1622:
1618:
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1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1589:
1583: AD 400
1577:
1573:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1544:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1505:
1501:
1500:Resuscitation
1495:
1490:
1483:
1478:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1458:
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1450:
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1441:
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1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1371:hospital beds
1362:
1360:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1256:) hospitals,
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1218:
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1208:, New Zealand
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1155:critical care
1152:
1146:
1136:
1133:
1132:trauma center
1125:
1121:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1087:
1084:
1078:
1073:
1072:modern French
1069:
1065:
1060:
1056:romance word
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
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974:
969:
965:
961:
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950:
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888:
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880:
876:
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867:
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853:
841:
836:
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813:
808:
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793:
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781:
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724:
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664:
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632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
599:
598:
592:
589:
587:
586:Public policy
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
553:
546:
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531:
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401:
400:
393:
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386:
383:
381:
378:
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373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
360:Public sector
358:
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348:
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343:
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331:
328:
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268:
266:
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261:
260:Appropriation
258:
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223:
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187:Public spaces
185:
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182:State schools
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158:
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133:
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100:
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64:
60:
59:
56:
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52:
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42:
37:
33:
29:
22:
6603:Panama Canal
6482:Architecture
6449:Urban sprawl
6424:Smart growth
6359:Ethanol fuel
6299:Supply chain
6259:Property tax
6204:Design–build
6128:Public works
6077:
5890:Telemedicine
5823:Telemedicine
5818:Nanomedicine
5654:Nursing home
5648:
5318:Leper colony
5308:Eye hospital
5134:Day hospital
4997:On-call room
4903:
4827:. Retrieved
4823:the original
4818:
4803:
4769:
4762:
4755:
4748:
4732:
4715:
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4700:
4693:
4686:
4676:
4669:
4655:
4644:Bibliography
4628:
4618:
4606:. Retrieved
4602:the original
4588:
4576:. Retrieved
4572:
4562:
4550:. Retrieved
4547:The Guardian
4546:
4536:
4524:. Retrieved
4512:
4502:
4490:. Retrieved
4486:the original
4481:
4461:
4453:
4441:. Retrieved
4431:
4419:. Retrieved
4409:
4397:. Retrieved
4383:
4371:. Retrieved
4366:
4362:
4352:
4342:
4336:
4317:. Retrieved
4311:
4301:
4289:. Retrieved
4279:
4271:
4266:
4244:(1): 39–61.
4241:
4237:
4231:
4219:. Retrieved
4214:
4190:. Retrieved
4186:
4176:
4164:. Retrieved
4159:
4150:
4138:. Retrieved
4134:
4110:. Retrieved
4101:
4075:. Retrieved
4068:the original
4061:
4049:
4037:. Retrieved
4033:
4024:
4010:
3998:. Retrieved
3994:
3985:
3976:
3953:
3945:
3933:. Retrieved
3918:
3911:
3890:
3882:
3863:
3854:
3822:(1): 36–51.
3819:
3815:
3805:
3786:
3772:
3765:
3730:
3726:
3716:
3708:
3703:
3691:. Retrieved
3687:the original
3677:
3650:
3644:
3632:. Retrieved
3628:the original
3618:
3607:, retrieved
3599:
3590:
3569:
3561:
3550:
3541:
3532:
3523:
3515:
3510:
3502:
3498:
3482:(1): 68–75.
3479:
3475:
3465:
3446:
3440:
3428:. Retrieved
3424:the original
3419:
3410:
3385:
3381:
3371:
3362:
3324:
3320:
3310:
3285:
3273:. Retrieved
3249:, retrieved
3244:
3234:
3227:
3222:
3211:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3175:
3166:
3157:
3149:
3142:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3118:
3113:
3104:
3098:
3086:. Retrieved
3076:
3064:. Retrieved
3059:
3055:
3046:
3034:. Retrieved
3030:
3021:
3009:. Retrieved
3005:
2996:
2984:. Retrieved
2980:the original
2955:. Retrieved
2950:
2938:
2926:. Retrieved
2922:the original
2890:. Retrieved
2886:the original
2859:
2855:
2836:
2830:
2809:
2787:
2783:
2773:
2761:. Retrieved
2757:the original
2730:. Retrieved
2726:
2717:
2697:
2670:
2464:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2443:
2439:
2436:Architecture
2418:
2395:
2364:
2347:chargemaster
2332:
2325:
2310:
2274:
2266:
2259:
2251:
2240:
2194:
2185:
2165:
2117:
2094:
2083:
2077:
2058:19th century
2028:
2024:Philadelphia
2005:
1998:
1982:Philadelphia
1963:
1946:
1942:
1927:private bank
1916:
1863:founded the
1847:founded the
1842:
1820:, after the
1815:
1795:dispensaries
1787:Song Dynasty
1784:
1765:
1753:nursing home
1730:
1697:Christianity
1694:
1666:Anuradhapura
1645:
1644:View of the
1628:
1625:Roman Empire
1586:
1569:
1515:
1442:
1438:
1419:
1368:
1356:
1341:and student
1328:
1293:
1288:
1280:
1274:
1252:, seniors' (
1239:
1179:disabilities
1162:World War II
1159:
1148:
1128:
1093:
1063:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1029:
1025:
982:
953:
934:
899:
868:
851:
849:
733:Panama Canal
556:Architecture
508:Urban sprawl
498:Smart growth
433:Ethanol fuel
380:Supply chain
335:Property tax
280:Design–build
232:Water supply
172:Mass transit
136:
32:
6623:Solar power
6399:Pork barrel
6374:Groundwater
6274:Public good
6244:Lindahl tax
6219:Externality
6158:Town square
6088:Lighthouses
5949:New Zealand
5704:End-of-life
5586:Professions
5516:Health care
5095:(Australia)
5076:Xenodochium
4982:Hospitalist
4866:Engineering
4492:10 February
4421:24 December
4238:Geopolitics
4192:25 November
4166:25 November
4140:25 November
4112:25 November
4077:9 September
4039:25 November
4000:25 November
3860:Porter, Roy
3733:(655): 81.
3152:1990. p. 56
3147:Risse, G.B.
3066:24 December
2723:"Hospitals"
2631:Burn center
2217:located in
2188:August 2020
2129:Josef Ĺ koda
2100:Crimean War
2044:John Howard
2039:John Wesley
1834:St Thomas's
1677:Middle Ages
1619:, known as
1601:Gundeshapur
1262:psychiatric
1189:Specialized
1183:foster care
1100:outpatients
1035:hospitality
1028:(where the
910:urgent care
891:psychiatric
468:Pork barrel
443:Groundwater
355:Public good
325:Maintenance
305:Externality
265:Lindahl tax
217:Solid waste
152:Lighthouses
122:Electricity
6618:Suez Canal
6573:Hoover Dam
6429:Stormwater
6419:Smart grid
6289:Renovation
6224:Fixed cost
6173:Wind power
6026:facilities
5916:By country
5780:Technology
5719:Palliative
5547:Philosophy
5537:Guidelines
5049:Bimaristan
5043:Asclepeion
4992:Nocturnist
4930:components
4829:7 November
4792:Hospitals
4443:27 January
3950:Erna Lesky
3430:21 January
3251:25 January
3088:27 January
2986:13 October
2763:13 October
2732:24 January
2709:References
2683:GP Liaison
2566:in Germany
2394:, and the
2339:for-profit
2243:anesthesia
2105:sanitation
1938:Thomas Guy
1845:Charles II
1826:Henry VIII
1766:In India,
1749:bimaristan
1681:See also:
1671:Sri Lanka.
1646:Askleipion
1621:Asclepeion
1552:See also:
1409:services,
1375:inpatients
1359:outpatient
1104:inpatients
1068:circumflex
1054:Old French
985:almshouses
960:volunteers
941:for-profit
914:cardiology
753:Shinkansen
693:Hoover Dam
571:Electrical
503:Stormwater
493:Smart grid
483:Renewables
408:Brownfield
365:Renovation
295:Fixed cost
6659:Hospitals
6404:Recycling
6294:Spillover
6078:Hospitals
6043:Broadband
5944:Australia
5765:Education
5760:Diagnosis
5613:Dentistry
5557:Providers
5532:Equipment
5527:Economics
5057:(England)
5051:(Islamic)
5038:Almshouse
4904:hospitals
4526:30 August
4521:0017-8012
4344:USA Today
4319:3 October
4291:17 August
4258:144793259
3862:(1999) .
3693:6 October
3402:144509355
3341:0141-0768
2820:Christian
2585:, Finland
2400:(HAS) in
2307:, Croatia
2180:talk page
1999:When the
1950:education
1857:almshouse
1843:In 1682,
1716:diseases.
1669:Mihintale
1617:Asclepius
1588:Mahavamsa
1570:In early
1411:dentistry
1399:pathology
1395:radiology
1304:Bangalore
1254:geriatric
1096:diagnosis
1007:hospitium
979:Etymology
930:radiology
926:pathology
883:geriatric
783:Wind farm
478:Recycling
375:Spillover
227:Utilities
137:Hospitals
97:Broadband
6653:Category
6533:Autobahn
6521:Examples
6475:of study
6464:Wireless
6369:Fuel tax
6304:Taxation
6182:Concepts
6033:Airports
5971:Category
5649:Hospital
5632:Settings
5603:Pharmacy
5593:Medicine
5542:Industry
5045:(Greece)
5017:Pharmacy
5012:Patients
4854:Medicine
4633:Archived
4608:14 March
4578:12 March
4573:BBC News
4552:12 March
4373:12 March
4106:Archived
3935:13 March
3795:Archived
3757:28126876
3359:17139063
3275:20 March
3242:(1969),
2806:19099050
2625:See also
2414:listeria
2174:You may
2070:, where
2035:Plymouth
2006:Another
1791:hospices
1780:Jahangir
1778:emperor
1741:Damascus
1609:Shapur I
1434:research
1337:such as
1319:Teaching
1206:Auckland
1171:Medicaid
1167:Medi-Cal
1139:District
1012:metonymy
993:pilgrims
966:and the
964:Alexians
922:pharmacy
852:hospital
800:Category
619:Autobahn
603:Examples
438:Fuel tax
385:Taxation
330:Monopoly
249:Concepts
207:Sewerage
87:Airports
6309:Upgrade
6209:Earmark
6038:Bridges
5813:mHealth
5724:Primary
5709:Hospice
5699:Chronic
5598:Nursing
5567:Ranking
5472:Oceania
5282:Defunct
5240:Funding
5070:Vaishya
5066:(Roman)
5007:Orderly
4840:Portals
4181:Staff.
3846:1095851
3837:1081608
3748:5308110
3609:30 July
3350:1676324
3137:, p. 3.
3036:7 March
3011:13 June
2957:25 July
2928:10 July
2892:10 July
2797:2605310
2646:Hospice
2619:, U.S.
2583:Tampere
2406:England
2333:In the
2326:In the
2292:Funding
2260:In the
2068:Scutari
2048:Coulomb
1955:Charité
1861:Mary II
1818:England
1745:CĂłrdoba
1733:Baghdad
1711:and by
1576:Fa Xian
1537:History
1353:Clinics
1277:Germany
1108:clinics
1070:in the
1046:hostel,
1041:hospice
989:hostels
663:history
285:Earmark
212:Sluices
92:Bridges
6473:Fields
6318:Issues
6143:Sewage
6083:Levees
6048:Canals
6021:Assets
5939:Canada
5644:Clinic
5577:System
5572:Reform
5562:Public
5552:Policy
5464:Europe
5456:Africa
5298:Cancer
4776:
4765:(2009)
4739:
4722:
4710:(1985)
4703:(2008)
4696:(2008)
4668:, in:
4519:
4464:(2009)
4399:17 May
4256:
4221:14 May
3926:
3899:
3870:
3844:
3834:
3755:
3745:
3665:
3634:7 June
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