884:(AI) to be more efficient at handling goods. Smart ports usually deploy cloud-based software as part of the process of greater automation to help generate the operating flow that helps the port work smoothly. At present, most of the world's ports have somewhat embedded technology, if not for full leadership. However, thanks to global government initiatives and exponential growth in maritime trade, the number of intelligent ports has gradually increased. A report by business intelligence provider Visiongain assessed that Smart Ports Market spending would reach $ 1.5 bn in 2019.
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776:(also known as an ice-free port) is one where the water does not freeze in winter. This is mainly used in the context of countries with mostly cold winters where parts of the coastline freezes over every winter. Because they are available year-round, warm-water ports can be of great geopolitical or economic interest. Such settlements as
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the cruise ship at the end of their cruise. It is also where the cruise ship's supplies are loaded for the cruise, which includes everything from fresh water and fuel to fruits, vegetables, champagne, and any other supplies needed for the cruise. "Cruise home ports" are very busy places during the
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and species attached to the hulls of ships. It is estimated that there are over 7000 invasive species transported in bilge water around the world on a daily basis
Invasive species can have direct or indirect interactions with native sea life. Direct interaction such as predation, is when a native
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Most cargo ports handle all sorts of cargo, but some ports are very specific as to what cargo they handle. Additionally, individual cargo ports may be divided into different operating terminals which handle the different types of cargoes, and may be operated by different companies, also known as
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Ports are extremely important to the global economy; 70% of global merchandise trade by value passes through a port. For this reason, ports are also often densely populated settlements that provide the labor for processing and handling goods and related services for the ports. Today by far the
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for landing and distributing fish. It may be a recreational facility, but it is usually commercial. A fishing port is the only port that depends on an ocean product, and depletion of fish may cause a fishing port to be uneconomical.
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Ports and their operation are often a cause of environmental issues, such as sediment contamination and spills from ships and are susceptible to larger environmental issues, such as human caused climate change and its effects.
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and sea level rise, because many of them are in low-lying areas designed for status quo water levels. Variable weather, coastal erosion, and sea level rise all put pressure on existing infrastructure, resulting in
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is an intermediate stop for a ship on its sailing itinerary. At these ports, cargo ships may take on supplies or fuel, as well as unloading and loading cargo while cruise liners have passengers get on or off ship.
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day the cruise ship is in port, because off-going passengers debark their baggage and on-coming passengers board the ship in addition to all the supplies being loaded. Cruise home ports tend to have large
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Water quality around ports is often lower because of both direct and indirect pollution from the shipping, and other challenges caused by the port's community, such as trash washing into the ocean.
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were once significant in the transatlantic passenger liner business. Once airliner traffic decimated that trade, both ports diversified to container cargo and cruise ships. Up until the 1950s the
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are dredged to improve waterways around ports. Dredging, in its practice, disturbs local ecosystems, brings sediments into the water column, and can stir up pollutants captured in the sediments.
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may handle one particular type of cargo or numerous cargoes, such as grains, liquid fuels, liquid chemicals, wood, automobiles, etc. Such ports are known as the "bulk" or "break bulk ports".
1319:
626:". Additionally, "cruise ports" are also known as a "home port" or a "port of call"; and "cargo port" is also further categorized into a "bulk" or "break bulk port" or as a "container port".
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as a result of ships and land transportation at the port. Transportation corridors around ports have higher exhaust emissions and this can have related health effects on local communities.
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Vostochny Port is located in the south of
Primorsky Region, in the southeast of Nakhodka bay, in Vrangel bay. This is unique natural harbor is no ice restrictions even in severe winters.
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are known to have had trade port islands and trade routes with the
Islamic world and Asia. They were described by Greek historians as "metropolises". Famous African trade ports such as
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port), or canal with access to a sea or ocean, which therefore allows a ship to sail from the ocean inland to the port to load or unload its cargo. An example of this is the
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species with no natural predator is all of a sudden prey of an invasive specie. Indirect interaction can be diseases or other health conditions brought by invasive species.
1884:"Feasibility Study on the network operation of Hinterland Hubs (Dry Port Concept) to improve and modernise ports' connections to the hinterland and to improve networking"
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Sewage from ships, and leaks of oil and chemicals from shipping vessels can contaminate local water, and cause other effects like nutrient pollution in the water.
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Ports can have a wide environmental impact on local ecologies and waterways, most importantly water quality, which can be caused by dredging, spills and other
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for immigrants as well as soldiers in wartime, many port cities have experienced dramatic multi-ethnic and multicultural changes throughout their histories.
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are quite different from cruise ports, because each handles very different cargo, which has to be loaded and unloaded by a variety of mechanical means.
445:, the UK's largest container port) thrived for some years, but has been hit hard by competition from the emergent London Gateway port and logistics hub.
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traffic or general cargo; and some ports play an important military role for their nation's navy. Some third world countries and small islands such as
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Wherever ancient civilisations engaged in maritime trade, they tended to develop sea ports. One of the world's oldest known artificial harbors is at
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to ships, and will give shelter from wind and waves. Ports are often on estuaries, where the water may be shallow and may need regular
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Many of these ancient sites no longer exist or function as modern ports. Even in more recent times, ports sometimes fall out of use.
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and other processing facilities find it advantageous to be located within a port or nearby. Modern ports will have specialised
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Even though modern ships tend to have bow-thrusters and stern-thrusters, many port authorities still require vessels to use
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Walker, Tony R. (2016). "Green Marine: An environmental program to establish sustainability in marine transportation".
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still have limited port facilities, so that ships must anchor off while their cargo and passengers are taken ashore by
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to handle the large number of passengers passing through the port. The busiest cruise home port in the world is the
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1322:'s "Maritime and Logistics Profile of Latin America and the Caribbean", the largest ports in South America are the
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which allows ships to travel from the
Atlantic Ocean several thousand kilometers inland to Great Lakes ports like
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and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as
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475:, are obliged to use Dutch pilots when navigating on that part of the estuary that belongs to the Netherlands.
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is a port located on the shore of a sea or ocean. It is further categorized as commercial and non-commercial:
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In modern times, ports survive or decline, depending on current economic trends. In the UK, both the ports of
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1038:
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2314:
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Hossain, Tahazzud; Adams, Michelle; Walker, Tony R. (2019). "Sustainability initiatives in
Canadian ports".
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The terms "port" and "seaport" are used for different types of facilities handling ocean-going vessels, and
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is the largest port on the
Mediterranean and in Africa by capacity and went into service in July 2007.
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The port of
Singapore is the world's second-busiest port in terms of total shipping tonnage, it also
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In mainland Europe, it is normal for ports to be publicly owned, so that, for instance, the ports of
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was the only port open for trade with Europe and received only a single Dutch ship per year, whereas
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that connects the
Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, and is a key conduit for international trade.
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for manoeuvering large ships in tight quarters. For instance, ships approaching the
Belgian
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and similar areas have ports available year-round beginning in the 20th century thanks to
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The Deep Roots of Modern
Democracy: Geography and the Diffusion of Political Institutions
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There are several initiatives to decrease negative environmental impacts of ports. The
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2019:
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179:. Along with the finding of harbor structures, ancient anchors have also been found.
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2282:, Spain: Asociación de Ingenieros Navales y Oceånicos de España. September 28, 2016
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2011:
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Maritime facility where ships may dock to load and discharge passengers and cargo
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Europe's busiest container port and biggest port by cargo tonnage by far is the
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Whereas early ports tended to be just simple harbours, modern ports tend to be
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greatest growth in port development is in Asia, the continent with some of the
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Information on yachting facilities at ports around the world from Noonsite.com
2272:"Los 10 mayores puertos de América Latina y Caribe en tråfico de contenedores"
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2015:
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Asariotis, Regina; Benamara, Hassiba; Mohos-Naray, Viktoria (December 2017).
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1969:"'Smart Ports Market spending will reach $ 1.5bn in 2019', says Visiongain"
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are less common, but can handle larger ships with a greater draft, such as
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59:
149:. Internationally, global ports are beginning to identify ways to improve
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137:. Ports are heavily affected by changing environmental factors caused by
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Ports usually have specialised functions: some tend to cater mainly for
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John Gerring; Brendan Apfeld; Tore Wig; Andreas ForĂž Tollefsen (2022).
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871:
821:
817:
623:
587:
520: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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was the base for the Athenian fleet which played a crucial role in the
195:
194:, the principal Egyptian port for Greek trade before the foundation of
43:
1244:, is the main port of the northern Adriatic and starting point of the
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was a prominent city of the Indus valley civilisation, located in the
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is the busiest port in the Mediterranean basin, while the Portuguese
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as potential ways of addressing port sustainability. These include
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are owned partly by the state and partly by the cities themselves.
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and medieval Islamic historians such as the Berber Islamic voyager
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258:
227:
2305:
Port Industry Statistics, American Association of Port Authorities
2007:
Environmental Impacts of International Shipping: The Role of Ports
1200:
19:
This article is about the facility for ships. For other uses, see
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against the Persians in 480 BCE. In ancient India from 3700 BCE,
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in 2009 and 2010, respectively. It is followed by the ports of
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was the largest domestic port and the main trade hub for rice.
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Port Industry Survey on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation
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to supplement the nearby port of Ostia. In Japan, during the
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83:
63:
2088:
Hossain, Tahazzud; Adams, Michelle; Walker, Tony R. (2020).
1531:
1111:
3854:
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851:
441:, a small semi-automated container port (with links to the
304:
1270:, a vast sprawling port centered in the New Orleans area,
1228:, depending on which metric is used. In turn, the Spanish
3002:
2756:
2203:"Areas of Interest â World Port Sustainability Program"
1657:"Tanzanian dig unearths ancient secret by Tira Shubart"
141:
as most port infrastructure is extremely vulnerable to
1829:"Stevedoring & The Role of Stevedores in Shipping"
999:
816:
owe their very existence to being ice-free ports. The
1220:, in the Netherlands. It is followed by the Belgian
1007:
1710:"Ibn Battuta: Travels in Asia and Africa 1325â1354"
688:is the port where cruise ship passengers board (or
2120:
2087:
1944:"Ports in the Cloud: The Next Step in Automation?"
1539:(Report). UN Conference on Trade and Development.
1558:"Maritime ports freight and passenger statistics"
66:or loading areas, where ships load and discharge
3928:
1592:
1915:"Smart Ports of the Future: A Digital Tomorrow"
1712:. Fordham.edu. 21 February 2001. Archived from
858:to a seaport and operating as a centre for the
2154:
2152:
2040:"What are California Marine Invasive Species?"
2004:OECD (2011-02-17). Braathen, Nils Axel (ed.).
1595:"Most Ancient Port, Hieroglyphic Papyri Found"
1135:and activity. It regained its position as the
1107:List of ports and harbours of the Indian Ocean
876:A smart port uses technologies, including the
3363:
2696:
2353:
2317:from "NOAA Socioeconomics" website initiative
1831:. International Institute of Marine Surveying
3377:
2243:AgĂȘncia Nacional de Transportes AquaviĂĄrios
2149:
2090:"Role of sustainability in global seaports"
3370:
3356:
2703:
2689:
2360:
2346:
1454:List of busiest cruise ports by passengers
2710:
2105:
1851:"Vostochny Port JSC, Geography, Location"
1635:"Eastern and Southern Africa 500â1000 AD"
1512:. Cambridge University Press. p. 45.
1131:is the largest port in the world in both
536:Learn how and when to remove this message
1586:
1199:
1110:
1025:and other direct pressures on the port.
1012:Ports and their infrastructure are very
975:A ship pumping bilge water into a harbor
970:
746:
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25:
2315:Social & Economic Benefits of PORTS
1383:
1178:, half of the world's annual supply of
948:Every year 100 million cubic metres of
887:
3929:
2158:
1681:
1266:The largest ports include the Port of
1064:
574:is a port on a navigable lake, river (
478:Ports with international traffic have
433:was a major international port on the
269:were known to Chinese sailors such as
3351:
2684:
2367:
2341:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1889:. InLoc. January 2007. Archived from
1827:Khan, Khalil U. (15 September 2014).
1472:
1137:world's busiest port by cargo tonnage
984:Ports are also a source of increased
862:of sea cargo to inland destinations.
367:, warehouses and freight-forwarders,
198:. In ancient Greece, Athens' port of
2635:
2334:, 2011, retrieved: November 2, 2011.
2064:"Invasive and Exotic Marine Species"
2003:
1826:
1820:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1519:
891:
764:is a port for recreational boating.
518:adding citations to reliable sources
489:
3952:Industrial buildings and structures
2948:Maintenance, repair, and operations
2665:
2598:Ballast Water Management Convention
2478:Countries by container port traffic
1618:
1306:The largest port in Oceania is the
1000:Spills, pollution and contamination
955:
552:is used for river traffic, such as
160:
157:practices into their construction.
13:
1986:
1816:from the original on Dec 17, 2023.
1593:Rossella Lorenzi (12 April 2013).
1236:is the busiest atlantic port. The
1028:
767:
222:was the port of ancient Rome with
14:
3963:
3252:Controlled-access highway systems
2298:
1516:
1035:World Port Sustainability Program
1008:Climate change and sea level rise
556:and other shallow-draft vessels.
100:world's largest and busiest ports
3911:
3312:San FranciscoâOakland Bay Bridge
3133:Sustainable urban infrastructure
2664:
2654:
2644:
2634:
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2624:
2612:
1623:. Archeological Survey of India.
1546:from the original on 2020-11-25.
1313:
1251:
991:
979:
929:Environmental impact of shipping
895:
494:
120:busiest passenger port in Europe
62:facility comprising one or more
3805:Residential cluster development
3267:Hong Kong International Airport
2893:Infrastructure asset management
2264:
2252:from the original on 2012-12-02
2228:
2219:
2195:
2181:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.029
2114:
2107:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105435
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2032:
1961:
1936:
1907:
1876:
1843:
1798:
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1574:from the original on 2017-07-22
1364:- port for recreational boating
1196:List of busiest ports in Europe
850:terminal directly connected by
725:
712:
505:needs additional citations for
299:
34:, U.S., grew from the original
32:Port of New York and New Jersey
3457:Shopping streets and districts
2094:Ocean & Coastal Management
1675:
1649:
1627:
1612:
1550:
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1141:world's busiest container port
1088:The busiest port in Africa is
1047:World Ports Climate Initiative
679:
559:
314:Container Terminal Altenwerder
1:
2332:Institute of European History
2323:Early Modern Ports, 1500-1750
1948:Port Technology International
1919:Port Technology International
1459:
1182:, and is the world's busiest
1051:African Green Port Initiative
1039:Sustainable Development Goals
865:
643:
375:-handling equipment, such as
365:regional distribution centres
339:. Ideally, a port will grant
3583:Model dwellings for the poor
3282:Kansai International Airport
3143:Transit-oriented development
2473:Busiest by cruise passengers
2135:10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103519
1921:. 2019-09-17. Archived from
1688:. Indiana University Press.
1258:List of North American ports
1014:vulnerable to climate change
692:) to start their cruise and
631:Non-commercial seaports are
182:Other ancient ports include
90:. Because of their roles as
7:
3257:Electric power transmission
2276:Revista de IngenierĂa Naval
1975:(Press release). 2019-09-05
1345:
1276:Port of New York/New Jersey
937:
831:
363:. Other businesses such as
347:. Deep water ports such as
82:; these access the sea via
10:
3968:
3337:Transcontinental railroads
2983:Publicâprivate partnership
2236:"World Port Rankings 2011"
1806:"Different types of Ports"
1301:
1262:Ports of the United States
1255:
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1100:
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38:at the convergence of the
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3219:
3171:
3016:
2880:
2718:
2606:
2575:
2567:Terminal Operating System
2562:Port operations simulator
2522:
2486:
2450:
2379:
2207:sustainableworldports.org
2161:Marine Pollution Bulletin
1189:
1075:
742:
155:climate change adaptation
3379:Real estate developments
2016:10.1787/9789264097339-en
1477:Encyclopedia of the City
1442:
1103:List of East Asian ports
963:are often spread by the
794:Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
485:
471:, an inland port on the
275:Abu Abdullah ibn Battuta
153:practices and integrate
3588:Multifamily residential
2752:Critical infrastructure
2463:Busiest container ports
2328:European History Online
2245:. Antaq, Brazil. 2011.
1685:A History of Mozambique
1682:Newitt, M.D.D. (1995).
1619:Rao, S. R. Rao (1985).
1174:a third of the world's
1096:
882:artificial intelligence
812:at the terminus of the
672:terminal operators, or
214:of the modern state of
3538:Conservation community
3196:Mechanical engineering
3191:Electrical engineering
2898:Buildâoperateâtransfer
2762:Electricity generation
1857:. 2007. Archived from
1855:Vostochny Port website
1481:. Routledge. pp.
1213:
1159:, all of which are in
1124:
976:
755:
320:
51:
3633:Single-room occupancy
3578:Mixed-use development
3563:Intentional community
3548:Golf course community
3410:Mixed-use development
3332:Trans-Alaska pipeline
2938:Life-cycle assessment
2913:Engineering contracts
2792:Municipal solid waste
2712:Public infrastructure
2225:EOS magazine, 6, 2012
1792:greatlakes-seaway.com
1473:Caves, R. W. (2004).
1203:
1114:
1037:points to all of the
974:
927:Further information:
750:
398:; some specialise in
307:
29:
21:Port (disambiguation)
3942:Nautical terminology
3702:Garden city movement
3618:Retirement community
3227:Akashi KaikyĆ Bridge
3093:Mobile data terminal
2867:Water supply network
2862:Wastewater treatment
2619:Transport portal
2458:World's busiest port
1384:Other logistics hubs
1352:Anchorage (shipping)
1340:Port of Buenos Aires
1338:in Ecuador, and the
1246:Transalpine Pipeline
888:Environmental issues
514:improve this article
357:Post-Panamax vessels
3865:Planning permission
3608:Residential airpark
3593:Penthouse apartment
3480:Industrial district
3297:Offshore wind farms
3108:Renewable resources
3028:Air traffic control
2933:Infrastructure bond
2660:Wiktionary "Harbor"
2173:2016MarPB.105..199W
1861:on 29 November 2012
1176:shipping containers
1065:World's major ports
699:passenger terminals
664:cargo are known as
580:St. Lawrence Seaway
3937:Ports and harbours
3918:Housing portal
3490:Technology centers
3138:Traffic congestion
3048:Congestion pricing
2852:Telecommunications
2767:Energy development
2542:Port state control
2532:Maritime transport
2468:Busiest by tonnage
2070:. NOAA. 2021-05-07
1214:
1184:transshipment port
1125:
977:
907:. You can help by
878:Internet of Things
756:
660:Ports that handle
443:Port of Felixstowe
321:
292:have been lost to
151:coastal management
118:. As of 2020, the
52:
48:Upper New York Bay
3924:
3923:
3880:Regional planning
3840:Land-use planning
3722:Urban green space
3717:Planned community
3652:Science/education
3598:Private community
3345:
3344:
3262:High-speed trains
3186:Civil engineering
3088:Land-use planning
3038:Bus rapid transit
2678:
2677:
2650:Wiktionary "Port"
2025:978-92-64-09682-0
1767:Port of Rotterdam
1741:London Thamesport
1308:Port of Melbourne
1218:Port of Rotterdam
925:
924:
598:is also used for
546:
545:
538:
392:passenger ferries
204:Battle of Salamis
3959:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3669:Satellite campus
3613:Residential area
3568:Luxury apartment
3528:Closed community
3475:Business cluster
3372:
3365:
3358:
3349:
3348:
3327:Three Gorges Dam
3307:Port of Shanghai
3201:Public economics
3053:Containerization
3043:Carbon footprint
2953:Natural monopoly
2822:Public utilities
2817:Public transport
2705:
2698:
2691:
2682:
2681:
2668:
2667:
2658:
2648:
2638:
2637:
2628:
2627:
2617:
2616:
2547:Harbour engineer
2392:Fuelling station
2362:
2355:
2348:
2339:
2338:
2320:Antunes, CĂĄtia:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2251:
2240:
2232:
2226:
2223:
2217:
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2214:
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2199:
2193:
2192:
2156:
2147:
2146:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2050:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2001:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1930:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1895:
1888:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1866:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1824:
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1802:
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1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1759:
1753:
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1750:
1748:
1732:
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1723:
1721:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1679:
1673:
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1668:
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1647:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1631:
1625:
1624:
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1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1573:
1562:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1538:
1529:
1514:
1513:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1480:
1470:
1230:Port of Valencia
1129:port of Shanghai
1023:coastal flooding
961:Invasive species
956:Invasive species
920:
917:
899:
892:
754:Marina, Slovenia
686:cruise home port
655:Bulk cargo ports
541:
534:
530:
527:
521:
498:
490:
418:(respectively).
318:Hamburg, Germany
312:ship loading at
282:Rye, East Sussex
251:Swahili kingdoms
238:, the island of
230:and enlarged by
167:Historical ports
161:Historical ports
147:coastal flooding
124:Port of Helsinki
3967:
3966:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3927:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3912:
3910:
3904:
3825:Greenfield land
3795:Brownfield land
3783:
3733:
3678:
3647:
3553:Gated community
3494:
3485:Industrial park
3461:
3447:Shopping center
3415:Office building
3405:Commercial area
3381:
3376:
3346:
3341:
3237:Brooklyn Bridge
3215:
3173:
3167:
3153:Waste-to-energy
3113:Reverse osmosis
3083:Hybrid vehicles
3078:High-speed rail
3063:Fuel efficiency
3033:Brownfield land
3020:
3018:
3012:
2928:Government debt
2876:
2772:Hazardous waste
2724:
2722:
2714:
2709:
2679:
2674:
2611:
2602:
2571:
2524:Port management
2518:
2482:
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2375:
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2296:
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2285:
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2209:
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2196:
2157:
2150:
2119:
2115:
2086:
2082:
2073:
2071:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2048:
2046:
2044:wildlife.ca.gov
2038:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2002:
1987:
1978:
1976:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1953:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1928:
1926:
1913:
1912:
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1897:
1893:
1886:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1864:
1862:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1832:
1825:
1821:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1788:"Seaway System"
1786:
1785:
1781:
1772:
1770:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1719:
1717:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1696:
1680:
1676:
1666:
1664:
1663:. 17 April 2002
1655:
1654:
1650:
1640:
1638:
1637:. Metmuseum.org
1633:
1632:
1628:
1617:
1613:
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1591:
1587:
1577:
1575:
1571:
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1543:
1536:
1530:
1517:
1504:
1500:
1493:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1445:
1386:
1368:Port management
1348:
1316:
1304:
1268:South Louisiana
1264:
1254:
1238:Port of Trieste
1226:Port of Hamburg
1222:Port of Antwerp
1206:Port of Trieste
1198:
1192:
1109:
1099:
1078:
1073:
1067:
1031:
1029:Reducing impact
1010:
1002:
994:
982:
958:
950:marine sediment
946:
940:
931:
921:
915:
912:
905:needs expansion
890:
874:
868:
840:
834:
814:Alaska Pipeline
774:warm-water port
770:
768:Warm-water port
745:
728:
715:
682:
666:container ports
646:
608:
588:Duluth-Superior
568:
562:
542:
531:
525:
522:
511:
499:
488:
469:port of Antwerp
385:forklift trucks
361:container ships
341:easy navigation
302:
294:coastal erosion
249:Post-classical
226:established by
169:
163:
116:Ningbo-Zhoushan
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3965:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3947:Infrastructure
3944:
3939:
3922:
3921:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3890:Urban planning
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3830:Greyfield land
3827:
3822:
3820:Eminent domain
3817:
3815:Context theory
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3754:
3748:
3746:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3719:
3714:
3712:Planned cities
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3688:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3603:Public housing
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3558:Housing estate
3555:
3550:
3545:
3543:Executive home
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3518:Bungalow court
3515:
3513:Boarding house
3510:
3504:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3471:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3391:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3375:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3352:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3287:Millau Viaduct
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3247:Channel Tunnel
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3211:Urban planning
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3177:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3158:Weatherization
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3024:
3022:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2968:Public finance
2965:
2963:Public capital
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2832:Rail transport
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2807:Public housing
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2716:
2715:
2708:
2707:
2700:
2693:
2685:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2662:
2652:
2642:
2632:
2622:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2537:Port authority
2534:
2528:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2490:
2488:
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2454:
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2439:
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2414:
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2404:
2399:
2394:
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2377:
2376:
2365:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2318:
2312:
2307:
2300:
2299:External links
2297:
2294:
2293:
2278:(in Spanish).
2263:
2227:
2218:
2194:
2167:(1): 199â207.
2148:
2113:
2080:
2068:NOAA Fisheries
2055:
2031:
2024:
1985:
1960:
1935:
1906:
1875:
1842:
1819:
1797:
1779:
1763:"Organisation"
1754:
1727:
1716:on 13 May 2011
1701:
1694:
1674:
1648:
1626:
1611:
1599:Discovery News
1585:
1549:
1515:
1498:
1491:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1449:Lists of ports
1444:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
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1385:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1378:Ship transport
1375:
1370:
1365:
1359:
1354:
1347:
1344:
1342:in Argentina.
1324:Port of Santos
1315:
1312:
1303:
1300:
1286:in Mexico and
1253:
1250:
1224:or the German
1191:
1188:
1165:Southeast Asia
1121:Andhra Pradesh
1098:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1077:
1074:
1071:Lists of ports
1069:Main article:
1066:
1063:
1030:
1027:
1009:
1006:
1001:
998:
993:
990:
981:
978:
957:
954:
942:Main article:
939:
936:
923:
922:
902:
900:
889:
886:
870:Main article:
867:
864:
836:Main article:
833:
830:
798:Vostochny Port
769:
766:
744:
741:
727:
724:
714:
711:
681:
678:
645:
642:
641:
640:
628:
627:
607:
604:
564:Main article:
561:
558:
544:
543:
502:
500:
493:
487:
484:
431:Port of London
381:reach stackers
337:London Gateway
335:, such as the
301:
298:
165:Main article:
162:
159:
143:sea level rise
139:climate change
92:ports of entry
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3964:
3953:
3950:
3948:
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3940:
3938:
3935:
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3919:
3907:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3875:Redevelopment
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3835:Groundscraper
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3788:Miscellaneous
3786:
3780:
3777:
3775:
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3770:
3767:
3763:
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3755:
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3736:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3720:
3718:
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3713:
3710:
3708:
3707:Model village
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3664:Research park
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3650:
3644:
3643:Tract housing
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3628:Rooming house
3626:
3624:
3623:Revenue house
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
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3529:
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3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3452:
3451:Shopping mall
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3400:Business park
3398:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3361:
3359:
3354:
3353:
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3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3292:Nuclear power
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3277:Humber Bridge
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3206:Public policy
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
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3164:
3161:
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3149:
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3144:
3141:
3139:
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3121:
3119:
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3114:
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3109:
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3101:
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3026:
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3023:
3015:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:Public sector
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
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2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2888:Appropriation
2886:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2847:State schools
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2812:Public spaces
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
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2780:
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2717:
2713:
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2699:
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2647:
2643:
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2633:
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2615:
2609:
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2605:
2599:
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2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2552:Port operator
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2491:
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2485:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
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2455:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2417:Port of entry
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2397:Inland harbor
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2363:
2358:
2356:
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2344:
2343:
2340:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2267:
2248:
2244:
2237:
2231:
2222:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2155:
2153:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2123:Marine Policy
2117:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2084:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2027:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1974:
1970:
1964:
1949:
1945:
1939:
1925:on 2019-10-11
1924:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1896:on 2008-04-13
1892:
1885:
1879:
1872:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1830:
1823:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1801:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1768:
1764:
1758:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1731:
1715:
1711:
1705:
1697:
1695:9780253340061
1691:
1687:
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1678:
1662:
1658:
1652:
1636:
1630:
1622:
1615:
1600:
1596:
1589:
1570:
1566:
1559:
1553:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1511:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1492:9780415252256
1488:
1484:
1479:
1478:
1469:
1465:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1438:
1437:Port of entry
1435:
1433:
1432:Seaplane base
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1373:Port operator
1371:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1330:in Colombia,
1329:
1325:
1321:
1318:According to
1314:South America
1311:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1294:also has the
1293:
1289:
1285:
1282:in the U.S.,
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1263:
1259:
1252:North America
1249:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1234:Port of Sines
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1133:cargo tonnage
1130:
1122:
1118:
1117:Visakhapatnam
1113:
1108:
1104:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1005:
997:
992:Water quality
989:
987:
986:air pollution
980:Air pollution
973:
969:
966:
962:
953:
951:
945:
935:
930:
919:
916:December 2020
910:
906:
903:This section
901:
898:
894:
893:
885:
883:
879:
873:
863:
861:
860:transshipment
857:
853:
849:
846:is an inland
845:
839:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
808:in Japan and
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
765:
763:
762:
753:
749:
740:
737:
734:is a port or
733:
723:
720:
710:
708:
704:
703:Port of Miami
700:
695:
691:
687:
677:
675:
669:
667:
663:
662:containerized
658:
656:
652:
650:
638:
637:fishing ports
634:
630:
629:
625:
621:
617:
616:
615:
613:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
567:
557:
555:
551:
540:
537:
529:
526:December 2012
519:
515:
509:
508:
503:This section
501:
497:
492:
491:
483:
481:
476:
474:
473:River Scheldt
470:
466:
462:
457:
455:
451:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
419:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
386:
382:
378:
377:gantry cranes
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
353:super tankers
350:
349:Milford Haven
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
327:distribution
326:
319:
315:
311:
306:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
278:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
180:
178:
174:
168:
158:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
131:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
28:
22:
3885:Urban design
3810:Construction
3697:Civic center
3674:Science park
3533:Company town
3432:Power center
3419:
3302:Panama Canal
3181:Architecture
3148:Urban sprawl
3123:Smart growth
3058:Ethanol fuel
2998:Supply chain
2958:Property tax
2903:Designâbuild
2827:Public works
2801:
2610:
2588:MARPOL 73/78
2368:
2322:
2284:. Retrieved
2275:
2266:
2254:. Retrieved
2242:
2230:
2221:
2210:. Retrieved
2206:
2197:
2164:
2160:
2126:
2122:
2116:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2072:. Retrieved
2067:
2058:
2047:. Retrieved
2043:
2034:
2006:
1977:. Retrieved
1972:
1963:
1952:. Retrieved
1950:. 2018-11-09
1947:
1938:
1927:. Retrieved
1923:the original
1918:
1909:
1898:. Retrieved
1891:the original
1878:
1870:
1863:. Retrieved
1859:the original
1854:
1845:
1833:. Retrieved
1822:
1809:
1800:
1791:
1782:
1771:. Retrieved
1769:. 2015-06-15
1766:
1757:
1745:. Retrieved
1739:
1730:
1718:. Retrieved
1714:the original
1704:
1684:
1677:
1665:. Retrieved
1660:
1651:
1639:. Retrieved
1629:
1620:
1614:
1602:. Retrieved
1598:
1588:
1576:. Retrieved
1552:
1508:
1501:
1476:
1468:
1317:
1305:
1296:Panama Canal
1265:
1215:
1169:
1126:
1115:The port of
1081:The port of
1059:Green Marine
1032:
1011:
1003:
995:
983:
959:
947:
932:
913:
909:adding to it
904:
875:
843:
841:
804:in Ukraine,
790:Novorossiysk
773:
771:
759:
757:
732:fishing port
731:
729:
726:Fishing port
719:port of call
718:
716:
713:Port of call
685:
683:
670:
659:
654:
653:
648:
647:
620:cruise ports
611:
609:
595:
571:
569:
549:
547:
532:
523:
512:Please help
507:verification
504:
482:facilities.
477:
458:
447:
435:River Thames
420:
396:cruise ships
389:
322:
300:Modern ports
279:
248:
220:Ostia Antica
181:
173:Wadi al-Jarf
170:
132:
96:
55:
53:
40:Hudson River
3845:Nonbuilding
3774:Tower block
3638:Subdivision
3500:Residential
3437:Retail park
3322:Solar power
3098:Pork barrel
3073:Groundwater
2973:Public good
2943:Lindahl tax
2918:Externality
2857:Town square
2787:Lighthouses
2670:WikiProject
2576:Conventions
2402:Inland port
2256:6 September
1865:13 December
1747:6 September
1357:Megaproject
1326:in Brazil,
1290:in Canada.
1280:Los Angeles
1083:Tangier Med
965:bilge water
822:icebreakers
800:in Russia,
780:in Norway,
680:Cruise port
649:Cargo ports
624:cargo ports
596:inland port
594:. The term
572:inland port
566:Inland port
560:Inland port
427:Southampton
212:Bhal region
188:Qin dynasty
3931:Categories
3870:Playground
3769:Skyscraper
3523:City block
3467:Industrial
3442:Riverfront
3387:Commercial
3317:Suez Canal
3272:Hoover Dam
3128:Stormwater
3118:Smart grid
2988:Renovation
2923:Fixed cost
2872:Wind power
2725:facilities
2442:Naval base
2422:Trust port
2212:2020-12-19
2129:: 103519.
2100:: 105435.
2074:2021-05-13
2049:2021-05-13
1979:2019-09-09
1973:Visiongain
1954:2019-10-11
1929:2019-10-11
1900:2008-03-10
1773:2020-10-07
1460:References
1284:Manzanillo
1256:See also:
1194:See also:
1172:transships
1101:See also:
1019:subsidence
880:(IoT) and
872:Smart port
866:Smart port
848:intermodal
818:Baltic Sea
784:in China,
674:stevedores
644:Cargo port
550:river port
439:Thamesport
359:and large
333:hinterland
325:multimodal
316:, port of
286:Ravenspurn
236:Edo period
196:Alexandria
190:China and
102:, such as
76:Manchester
44:East River
3752:Apartment
3739:Buildings
3684:Municipal
3573:McMansion
3103:Recycling
2993:Spillover
2777:Hospitals
2742:Broadband
2487:Locations
2432:Anchorage
2387:Home port
2330:, Mainz:
2143:164819617
1736:"Welcome"
1422:Hoverport
1405:Spaceport
1336:Guayaquil
1334:in Peru,
1328:Cartagena
1288:Vancouver
1180:crude oil
1153:Kaohsiung
1149:Hong Kong
1145:Singapore
1092:in Egypt.
1090:Port Said
826:Black Sea
694:disembark
600:dry ports
454:Amsterdam
450:Rotterdam
423:Liverpool
408:St Helena
404:Ascension
400:container
369:canneries
310:Evergreen
263:Mogadishu
184:Guangzhou
135:pollution
110:ports of
104:Singapore
3800:Cemetery
3692:Arcology
3508:Agrihood
3232:Autobahn
3220:Examples
3174:of study
3163:Wireless
3068:Fuel tax
3003:Taxation
2881:Concepts
2732:Airports
2630:Category
2557:Security
2514:Southern
2499:Atlantic
2451:Rankings
2427:Dry port
2247:Archived
2189:26899158
2010:. OECD.
1814:Archived
1720:21 April
1667:21 April
1661:BBC News
1641:21 April
1604:21 April
1569:Archived
1565:Eurostat
1541:Archived
1410:STOLport
1400:Heliport
1395:Altiport
1346:See also
1139:and the
1055:EcoPorts
944:Dredging
938:Dredging
844:dry port
838:Dry port
832:Dry port
786:Murmansk
465:tugboats
345:dredging
271:Zheng He
259:Zanzibar
228:Claudius
112:Shanghai
106:and the
60:maritime
42:and the
3860:Parking
3395:Airport
3008:Upgrade
2908:Earmark
2737:Bridges
2640:Commons
2509:Pacific
2412:Outport
2407:Landing
2373:harbors
2169:Bibcode
1835:7 April
1810:Fulcrum
1578:18 June
1427:Outport
1415:Wayport
1390:Airport
1302:Oceania
1272:Houston
1123:, India
806:Kushiro
707:Florida
622:" and "
612:seaport
606:Seaport
592:Chicago
584:Toronto
576:fluvial
480:customs
290:Dunwich
255:Mombasa
216:GujarÄt
200:Piraeus
192:Canopus
186:during
177:Red Sea
175:on the
128:Finland
122:is the
108:Chinese
72:Hamburg
64:wharves
46:at the
3900:Zoning
3659:Campus
3425:inland
3172:Fields
3017:Issues
2842:Sewage
2782:Levees
2747:Canals
2720:Assets
2504:Indian
2494:Arctic
2286:May 3,
2280:Madrid
2187:
2141:
2022:
1692:
1621:Lothal
1489:
1362:Marina
1332:Callao
1292:Panama
1190:Europe
1157:Taiwan
1076:Africa
1049:, the
1045:, the
1043:SIMPYC
810:Valdez
782:Dalian
778:Narvik
761:marina
743:Marina
736:harbor
690:embark
633:marina
590:, and
554:barges
461:pilots
416:launch
240:Dejima
232:Trajan
224:Portus
208:Lothal
88:canals
84:rivers
80:Duluth
36:harbor
3895:YIMBY
3850:NIMBY
3779:Villa
3762:types
3757:House
3743:types
3727:parks
3021:ideas
2837:Roads
2802:Ports
2797:Parks
2583:SOLAS
2437:Wharf
2380:Types
2369:Ports
2250:(PDF)
2239:(PDF)
2139:S2CID
1894:(PDF)
1887:(PDF)
1572:(PDF)
1561:(PDF)
1544:(PDF)
1537:(PDF)
1443:Lists
1320:ECLAC
1242:Italy
1210:Italy
802:Odesa
752:Izola
486:Types
412:barge
373:cargo
267:Kilwa
244:Osaka
68:cargo
58:is a
3855:Park
3420:Port
2757:Dams
2593:STCW
2371:and
2288:2017
2258:2018
2185:PMID
2020:ISBN
1867:2012
1837:2021
1749:2018
1722:2009
1690:ISBN
1669:2009
1643:2009
1606:2013
1580:2020
1487:ISBN
1260:and
1204:The
1163:and
1161:East
1151:and
1127:The
1105:and
1097:Asia
1057:and
856:rail
852:road
796:and
635:and
463:and
452:and
425:and
406:and
394:and
383:and
329:hubs
288:and
265:and
145:and
114:and
78:and
56:port
30:The
3019:and
2723:and
2177:doi
2165:105
2131:doi
2127:106
2102:doi
2098:202
2012:doi
1483:528
1119:in
911:.
854:or
668:.
570:An
516:by
414:or
387:.
308:An
126:in
86:or
3933::
2326:,
2274:.
2241:.
2205:.
2183:.
2175:.
2163:.
2151:^
2137:.
2125:.
2096:.
2092:.
2066:.
2042:.
2018:.
1988:^
1971:.
1946:.
1917:.
1869:.
1853:.
1812:.
1808:.
1790:.
1765:.
1738:.
1659:.
1597:.
1567:.
1563:.
1518:^
1485:.
1310:.
1278:,
1274:,
1248:.
1240:,
1208:,
1186:.
1167:.
1155:,
1147:,
1061:.
1053:,
1021:,
842:A
828:.
792:,
788:,
772:A
758:A
730:A
717:A
709:.
705:,
684:A
676:.
610:A
602:.
586:,
379:,
355:,
296:.
277:.
261:,
257:,
218:.
74:,
54:A
3745:)
3741:(
3453:)
3449:(
3371:e
3364:t
3357:v
2704:e
2697:t
2690:v
2361:e
2354:t
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