405:
548:
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605:, outlined seven stages of policy decision-making: intelligence, promotion, prescription, invocation, application, termination, and appraisal. The seven stages have been criticized for their construct as a policy cycle or a linear process. He also identified eight "goal values" of policy: wealth, power, respect, rectitude, skill, well being, enlightenment, and affection.
513:, a devotee of Freud, Lasswell was able to appropriate Freud's methods. Lasswell built a laboratory in his social science office at the University of Chicago to conduct experiments on volunteers and students. Lasswell also used psychoanalytical interviewing and recording methods that he appropriated from his time of studying with
44:
597:
In the 1950s to 1970s, Lasswell helped create the policy sciences, an interdisciplinary movement to integrate social science knowledge with public action. Lasswell was concerned with such questions as how to improve the concepts and procedures of those who study political problems professionally, and
647:
meant the nation's future was at stake. Political science, according to
Lasswell, needed to provide clear goals, "theoretical models of the political process," and develop policy alternatives to maximize democratic values. Lasswell believed political science should be practiced like law, as a free
424:
His definition of propaganda was viewed as an important development to understanding the goal of propaganda. Lasswell's studies on propaganda produced breakthroughs on the subject, which broadened current views on the means and stated objectives that could be achieved through propaganda to include
459:
He pioneered such content analysis methods as standardizing the collection of information, developing categories of analysis, and using quantitative measurements to study communication messages. In the next two decades, Lasswell and his associates worked to apply content analysis to a variety of
420:
as "the control of opinion by significant symbols" such as stories, rumors, reports, pictures, and other forms of social communication. He also wrote that propaganda is "concerned with the management of opinions and attitudes by the direct manipulation of social suggestion." In his dissertation,
220:
in the explanation of political phenomena. Lasswell was associated with the disciplines of communication, political science, psychology, and sociology – however he did not adhere to the distinction between these boundaries, but instead worked to erase the lines drawn to divide these disciplines.
373:
Publishing between 4 million to 6 million words during his academic career, Lasswell has been described as a "one-man university" whose "competence in, and contributions to, anthropology, communications, economics, law, philosophy, psychology, psychiatry and sociology are enough to make him a
566:
Most criticism of
Lasswell's model focuses on its simplicity and its lack of relevance due to its linear orientation. Other scholars object to its lack of a feedback loop, that it does not take into consideration the effects of noise, and that it does not address the influences of context on
501:
His psychoanalytic study of political leaders introduced
Freudian psychoanalytic theory to the social sciences and focused on power dynamics. Lasswell was particularly influenced by Freud's ideas of the aimlessness of instinctual drives and the malleability of human perspectives. In
295:. As a visiting lecturer at Yale Law School, Lasswell taught a graduate seminar on "Property in a Crisis Society." He became a full-time faculty member following World War II, which underscored the need for a better understanding of law and theory about law.
432:
His study of political and wartime propaganda represented an important early type of communication study. Propaganda analysis has been absorbed into the general body of communication research, though the word propaganda later gained a negative connotation.
204:
in 1987, Lasswell "ranked among the half dozen creative innovators in the social sciences in the twentieth century." At the time, Almond asserted that "few would question that he was the most original and productive political scientist of his time."
2253:
429:: "Propaganda is the expression of opinions or actions carried out deliberately by individuals or groups with a view to influence the opinions or actions of other individuals or groups for predetermined ends through psychological manipulations."
262:
In 1918, at the age of 16, Lasswell began his studies at the
University of Chicago, where he earned his bachelor's degree in philosophy and economics. He also received a doctorate from the University of Chicago and penned his dissertation on
619:
in 1966 along with McDougal. The book examines legal, official, and unofficial decisions that contribute to public and civic order. Policies and how they are made cannot be understood without examining the larger social process.
344:
During the course of his career, Lasswell received many honors, including honorary degrees from the
University of Chicago, Columbia University, the University of Illinois, and the Jewish Theological Seminary. The
242:
During high school, Lasswell served as editor of the school newspaper and gave a valedictory speech at graduation. Some of his early influences included his uncle, a physician who introduced him to the works of
470:
One criticism of content analysis is its inability to study communication effects. While
Lasswell's concept of content analysis allows for inferences about data, its weakness is its ability to verify the data.
275:
From 1922 to 1938, Lasswell served as an assistant professor and associate professor of political science at the
University of Chicago. During this time, Lasswell was granted a postdoctoral fellowship from the
467:, that one should pay close attention to the contexts in which concepts were used. For example, social scientists should express their ideas through sentences, not single words, to provide full context.
2346:
627:, Lasswell prioritized five "intellectual tasks" of the policy scientist: goal clarification, trend description, analysis of conditions, projection of developments, and provision of alternatives.
449:, a study of international relations using quantitative content analysis. The study included direct observation of the aggressive behavior of welfare clients toward public relief administrators.
559:, which focuses on "who (says) what (to) whom (in) what channel (with) what effect," led to the emphasis in communication study on determining effects. First published in Lasswell's 1948 book,
329:
Lasswell served as president of the
American Political Science Association in 1956 and president of the American Society of International Law from 1966 to 1968. He was also involved in the
3354:
2139:
Ronit, Karsten; Porter, Tony (2015). "Harold D. Lasswell, The decision process: Seven categories of functional analysis". In Lodge, Martin; Page, Edward C.; Balla, Steven J. (eds.).
3359:
2339:
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483:. Lasswell is credited with being the founder of the field of political psychology, the intersection of psychology and political science, in the 1930s and 1940s.
539:. It was a "developmental construct" that outlined the possibility of a political-military elite composed of "specialists in violence" in a modern state.
330:
408:
A World War I United States Army recruitment poster, designed by James
Montgomery Flagg, features Uncle Sam and the message: "I want you for U.S. Army."
306:'s John Jay College. From 1972 to 1976, he served as a distinguished professor at Temple University School of Law, where he retired from teaching.
635:
In his 1956 presidential address to the
American Political Science Association, Lasswell raised the question of whether or not we should give
314:
professor of international affairs. After retiring from teaching, Lasswell spent his remaining years working with the Policy Sciences Center.
234:
Lasswell was born on February 13, 1902, in Donnellson, Illinois, to a clergyman and a school teacher. An older brother died in childhood.
396:
Many consider him the founder of content analysis, having conducted one of the most comprehensive content analysis studies of his time.
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182:
17:
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2105:
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1994:
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350:
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is thought to be "one of the most comprehensive single content analysis study ever undertaken with scholarly objectives."
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Lasswell's study of propaganda and the psychoanalytic biographies of political leaders led to his invention of systematic
3339:
2939:
389:
as a field of scholarly research. He believed universities should become focal centers for the study of communications.
3219:
334:
452:
Expanding on his work, Lasswell contributed to a wartime communications project sponsored by the Library of Congress.
445:, the study of communication documents to examine patterns, and its uses in World War II. In 1935, Lasswell published
3288:
426:
3334:
2725:
349:
honored him in 1960, calling him a "master of all the social sciences and pioneer in each." He was a fellow of the
280:. Lasswell spent a year teaching at the Washington School of Psychiatry from 1938 to 1939, before joining the U.S.
190:
2392:
277:
1037:"Verbal references and physiological changes during the psychoanalytic interview: A preliminary communication,"
656:
201:
612:, explored the political scientist's decision process in both official and unofficial policymaking contexts.
535:
905:
743:
705:
2324:
354:
326:
and George Dession created the Policy Sciences Council in 1944 and the Policy Sciences Foundation in 1948.
255:. Excelling in his academics, particularly history and English, Lasswell was awarded a scholarship to the
152:
Lasswell's model of communication, content analysis, garrison state, political psychology, policy sciences
303:
1632:
927:
913:
897:
838:
781:
735:
721:
713:
697:
3272:
2762:
1084:"The political science of science: An inquiry into the possible reconciliation of mastery and freedom,"
421:
Lasswell noted that propaganda is unavoidable and democracies must adjust to it, rather than fight it.
2254:"The Political Science of Science: An Inquiry into the Possible Reconciliation of Mastery and Freedom"
404:
2496:
1921:
425:
not only the change of opinions but also change in actions. He inspired the definition given by the
365:
Lasswell suffered a massive stroke on December 24, 1977. He died of pneumonia on December 18, 1978.
144:
University of Chicago, Yale University, City University of New York, Temple University School of Law
2617:
2379:
2041:
588:
2504:
1678:
393:
392:
His five-questions model of communication is considered one of the earliest and most influential
170:
2301:
Human rights and world public order: the basic policies of an international law of human dignity
1832:
1544:"Forgotten Histories: Another Road Not Taken-The Charles Merriam-Walter Lippmann Correspondence"
941:
Human Rights and World Public Order: The Basic Policies of an International Law of Human Dignity
864:
3142:
2804:
2560:
2520:
267:(1927). He also studied at the Universities of London, Geneva, Paris, and Berlin in the 1920s.
1488:
2955:
2907:
2581:
2371:
1871:
256:
174:
2148:
1029:"Triple-appeal principle: A contribution of psychoanalysis to political and social science,"
878:
The Interpretation of Agreements and World Public Order: Principles of Content and Procedure
547:
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2995:
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2512:
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2424:
1543:
378:
8:
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3174:
2947:
2635:
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1793:
307:
281:
166:
889:"Toward a general theory of directed value accumulation and institutional development,"
2783:
2604:
2440:
2400:
2281:
2204:
2196:
1949:
1899:
1813:
1805:
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1610:
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1524:
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1376:
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1167:
530:
518:
386:
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2304:
2273:
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2101:
2076:
2020:
1990:
1953:
1941:
1903:
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1817:
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1660:
1646:
1594:
1559:
1516:
1508:
1446:
1426:
1380:
1360:
1304:
660:
563:, the model aims to organize the "scientific study of the process of communication."
323:
311:
173:. He earned his bachelor's degree in philosophy and economics and his Ph.D. from the
1922:"Reading Lasswell's model of communication backward: Three scholarly misconceptions"
1614:
1528:
3264:
3126:
3083:
3051:
3027:
3019:
2963:
2888:
2717:
2698:
2656:
2547:
2539:
2488:
2472:
2265:
2180:
2144:
2053:
1933:
1883:
1844:
1789:
1690:
1638:
1586:
1555:
1500:
1469:
1418:
1352:
533:" in a highly influential and often cited 1941 article originally published in the
442:
338:
213:
1937:
1075:"Legal education and public policy: Professional training in the public interest,"
3248:
3211:
3035:
2987:
2971:
2791:
2677:
589:
Harold D. Lasswell speaking at UCLA on making knowledge more effective in action.
299:
292:
178:
2057:
1504:
884:
Political Communication: Public Language of Political Elites in India and the US
322:
To institutionalize the policy sciences he was formulating, Lasswell along with
3296:
3198:
3190:
3158:
3099:
3091:
3067:
2865:
2833:
2825:
2669:
2408:
1887:
1131:"Theories about international law: Prologue to a configurative jurisprudence,"
1051:"A method of interlapping observation in the study of personality in culture,"
914:
The Search for World Order: Studies by Students and Colleagues of Quincy Wright
382:
288:
252:
197:
109:
2184:
1848:
1356:
736:
Propaganda, Communication, and Public Opinion: A Comprehensive Reference Guide
3313:
3280:
3240:
3150:
3134:
3118:
3075:
3043:
3003:
2979:
2841:
2770:
2690:
2277:
2192:
1945:
1895:
1856:
1801:
1598:
1512:
1430:
1364:
1308:
480:
463:
Lasswell wanted to use knowledge to solve public problems. He believed, like
302:
from 1946 to 1970. From 1970 to 1972, he served as a professor of law at the
244:
113:
2354:
2015:
Tengan, Callistus; Aigbavboa, Clinton; Thwala, Wellington Didibhuku (2021).
1727:(Vintage Books ed., New York, 1965 ed.). New York, NY: Vintage Books.
986:"The study of the ill as a method of research into political personalities,"
3256:
3059:
2931:
2857:
2849:
2817:
2741:
2464:
2448:
1520:
636:
510:
479:
Lasswell's work was also important in the post-World War II development of
121:
1642:
1058:"What psychiatrists and political scientists can learn from one another,"
2923:
2915:
1341:"The Policy Scientist of Democracy: The Discipline of Harold D. Lasswell"
655:
to present a "comprehensive framework of inquiry" from which to approach
209:
2200:
2168:
1606:
1574:
1372:
1340:
1099:
3011:
2456:
2299:
McDougal, Myres Smith; Lasswell, Harold Dwight; Chen, Lung-chu (2019).
2285:
1985:
Watson, James; Hill, Anne (2012). "Lasswell's Model of Communication".
1809:
1777:
1590:
1473:
1422:
1407:"The Work of Harold D. Lasswell: His Approach, Concerns, and Influence"
1108:
1083:
1065:
1044:"Certain prognostic changes during trial (psychoanalytic) interviews,"
1028:
1019:
1010:
985:
962:
514:
464:
417:
84:
43:
2017:
Construction Project Monitoring and Evaluation: An Integrated Approach
1438:
1406:
1316:
1292:
1109:"The identification and appraisal of diverse systems of public order,"
1074:
994:"Psychoanalytic interviews as a method of research on personalities,"
208:
Areas of research in which Lasswell worked included the importance of
1001:
865:
World Revolutionary Elites: Studies in Coercive Ideological Movements
248:
117:
2269:
2141:
The Oxford Handbook of Classics in Public Policy and Administration
1694:
1100:"The qualitative and quantitative in political and legal analysis,"
644:
1920:
Sapienza, Zachary S.; Iyer, Narayanan; Veenstra, Aaron S. (2015).
412:
At the age of 25, Lasswell completed his doctoral dissertation on
1778:"Linking Lasswell's Political Psychology and the Policy Sciences"
217:
706:
Propaganda and Promotional Activities: An Annotated Bibliography
643:. His overall message was that technological innovation and the
94:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1103:
Daedalus: Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
832:
In Defense of Public Order: The Emerging Field of Sanction Law
284:
as director of war communications research from 1939 to 1945.
2126:
The Decision Process: Seven Categories of Functional Analysis
820:
The Decision Process: Seven Categories of Functional Analysis
640:
603:
The Decision Process: Seven Categories of Functional Analysis
1631:
Shoemaker, Pamela; Tankard, James; Lasorsa, Dominic (2004).
898:
Peasants, Power, and Applied Social Change: Vicos as a Model
795:
The Policy Sciences: Recent Developments in Scope and Method
1275:. Vol. 9 (2nd ed.). Gale. 2004. pp. 218–219.
1217:
Harold Dwight Lasswell (1902 – 1978): A Biographical Memoir
1145:
935:
The Signature of Power: Buildings, Communication and Policy
751:
The Analysis of Political Behaviour: An Empirical Approach
3355:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
1775:
1243:
A History of Communication Study: A Biographical Approach
165:(February 13, 1902 – December 18, 1978) was an American
3360:
Presidents of the American Society of International Law
1967:
Muth, Rodney; Finley, Mary M.; Muth, Marcia F. (1990).
1679:"Harold D. Lasswell's Contribution to Content Analysis"
1630:
769:
Language of Politics: Studies in Quantitative Semantics
630:
506:, he viewed the elite as the primary holders of power.
454:
Language of Politics: Studies in Quantitative Semantics
374:
political scientist in the model of classical Greece."
317:
1776:
Ascher, William; Hirschfelder-Ascher, Barbara (2004).
763:
The Structure and Function of Communication in Society
561:
The Structure and Function of Communication in Society
200:
at the time of Lasswell's death, and published by the
2014:
1339:
Farr, James; Hacker, Jacob S.; Kazee, Nicole (2006).
978:"Personality system and its substitutive reactions,"
2298:
1919:
1752:(3rd ed.). Cambridge: Oxford University Press.
782:
Power and Society: A Framework for Political Inquiry
1493:Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes
1124:"Cooperation for research in psychiatry and law,"
377:Lasswell is considered to be a founding father of
1626:
1624:
1223:. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences.
928:Values and Development: Praising Asian Experience
858:World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators
691:Chicago: An Experiment in Social Science Research
3311:
2119:
2117:
1915:
1913:
1672:
1670:
973:Proceedings of the American Sociological Society
963:"Two forgotten studies in political psychology,"
247:; and an English teacher, who introduced him to
196:According to a biographical memorial written by
1338:
1286:
1284:
1282:
729:World Revolutionary Propaganda: A Chicago Study
651:In 1980, Lasswell and his associates published
2010:
2008:
2006:
1980:
1978:
1966:
1771:
1769:
1621:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1117:"The common frontiers of psychiatry and law,"
872:The Sharing of Power in a Psychiatric Hospital
2340:
2128:. College Park: University of Maryland Press.
2114:
2095:
1987:Dictionary of Media and Communication Studies
1969:Harold D. Lasswell: An Annotated Bibliography
1910:
1667:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
947:Propaganda and Communication in World History
789:Political Writings: Representative Selections
298:Lasswell taught law and political science at
2162:
2160:
2158:
1872:"Remarks on Lasswell's "The Garrison State""
1830:
1725:Propaganda: the formation of men's attitudes
1279:
802:The Political Writings of Harold D. Lasswell
648:profession rather than an academic pursuit.
2138:
2003:
1975:
1766:
1387:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1227:
2347:
2333:
1984:
1747:
1722:
1575:"Communications as an Emerging Discipline"
1178:
1002:"The scientific study of human biography,"
486:His works on political psychology include
333:, Commission on the Freedom of the Press,
331:Association for the Advancement of Science
42:
2320:
2241:. New York: American Elsevier Publishing.
2155:
2100:. Czech Institute of Academic Education.
2070:
671:Some of Lasswell's publications include:
542:
509:While studying in Vienna and Berlin with
2251:
2236:
2221:
2123:
2073:An Introduction to Communication Studies
1707:
1676:
1637:. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications Inc.
1572:
1323:
1290:
1249:
1092:"Political constitution and character,"
891:Political and Administrative Development
775:National Security and Individual Freedom
546:
403:
287:During this time, he also taught at the
136:Political science, communications theory
27:American political scientist (1902–1978)
2039:
1723:Ellul, Jacques; Ellul, Jacques (1973).
1404:
1240:
474:
14:
3312:
2357:American Political Science Association
2143:. Oxford Handbooks (Online ed.).
2096:Eggert, Denise; Beutner, Marc (2019).
1831:Stanley, Jay; Segal, David R. (1989).
1541:
1213:
1011:"Self-analysis and judicial thinking,"
714:World Politics and Personal Insecurity
529:Lasswell introduced the concept of a "
492:World Politics and Personal Insecurity
447:World Politics and Personal Insecurity
183:American Political Science Association
2328:
2303:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2149:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199646135.013.23
1710:Propaganda Technique in the World War
1489:"Harold D. Lasswell: An Appreciation"
1345:The American Political Science Review
1133:Virginia Journal of International Law
1112:American Journal of International Law
684:Propaganda Technique in the World War
414:Propaganda Technique in the World War
351:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
347:American Council of Learned Societies
265:Propaganda Technique in the World War
187:American Society of International Law
100:Propaganda Technique in the World War
2166:
1869:
1634:How to Build Social Science Theories
1486:
1020:"The measurement of public opinion,"
971:"Types of political personalities,"
631:Human rights and future implications
318:Professional affiliations and honors
653:Human Rights and World Public Order
436:
24:
1794:10.1023/B:OLIC.0000035460.18318.b0
1293:"Harold Dwight Lasswell 1902-1978"
722:Politics: Who Gets What, When, How
570:
504:Politics: Who Gets What, When, How
335:Committee for Economic Development
270:
25:
3376:
3365:20th-century political scientists
2568:Benjamin F. Shambaugh (1929–1930)
2258:American Political Science Review
2239:A Pre-view of the Policy Sciences
2098:Proceedings of IAC 2019 in Vienna
2042:"Sociology of Mass Communication"
1748:Bryman, Alan; Bell, Emma (2011).
1579:Audio Visual Communication Review
1087:American Political Science Review
1023:American Political Science Review
989:American Political Science Review
966:American Political Science Review
625:A Pre-View of the Policy Sciences
551:Lasswell's model of communication
524:
427:Institute for Propaganda Analysis
2625:Charles Grove Haines (1938–1939)
1560:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2010.01357.x
1245:. NY: The Free Press. p. 3.
852:Power, Corruption, and Rectitude
814:The Comparative Study of Symbols
617:Jurisprudence for a Free Society
598:how to train policy scientists.
583:
278:Social Sciences Research Council
191:World Academy of Art and Science
181:. He served as president of the
3350:Social Science Research Council
2812:C. Herman Pritchett (1963–1964)
2387:Frederick N. Judson (1906–1907)
2292:
2245:
2230:
2224:The Future of Political Science
2215:
2169:"Rescuing the decision process"
2132:
2089:
2064:
2033:
1960:
1863:
1824:
1741:
1716:
1701:
1566:
1535:
1272:Encyclopedia of World Biography
1014:International Journal of Ethics
839:The Future of Political Science
808:The Comparative Study of Elites
666:
610:The Future of Political Science
177:. He was a professor of law at
2799:Charles S. Hyneman (1961–1962)
2612:Thomas Reed Powell (1936–1937)
2040:McQuail, D (January 1, 1985).
1926:Mass Communication and Society
1480:
1453:
1126:American Journal of Psychiatry
1119:American Journal of Psychiatry
1053:Journal of Abnormal Psychology
980:Journal of Abnormal Psychology
921:Policy Sciences and Population
744:World Politics Faces Economics
657:international human rights law
360:
202:National Academies of Sciences
13:
1:
3330:American political scientists
3206:G. Bingham Powell (2011–2012)
2651:Robert E. Cushman (1942–1943)
2594:Walter J. Shepard (1933–1934)
1971:. New Haven: New Haven Press.
1938:10.1080/15205436.2015.1063666
1139:
1069:American Journal of Sociology
1032:American Journal of Sociology
906:A Pre-View of Policy Sciences
846:Law and Public Order in Space
826:Studies in World Public Order
536:American Journal of Sociology
399:
289:New School of Social Research
229:
89:University of Chicago (Ph.D.)
3345:University of Chicago alumni
2749:Charles McKinley (1954–1955)
2685:Henry R. Spencer (1947–1948)
2630:Robert C. Brooks (1939–1940)
2599:Francis W. Coker (1934–1935)
2252:Lasswell, Harold D. (1956).
2237:Lasswell, Harold D. (1971).
2222:Lasswell, Harold D. (1963).
2124:Lasswell, Harold D. (1956).
1708:Lasswell, Harold D. (1927).
1573:Lasswell, Harold D. (1958).
698:Psychopathology and Politics
488:Psychopathology and Politics
355:National Academy of Sciences
237:
224:
7:
2883:Avery Leiserson (1973–1974)
2555:Jesse S. Reeves (1927–1928)
2058:10.1146/annurev.soc.11.1.93
1505:10.1521/psyc.64.3.197.18468
1291:McDougal, Myres S. (1979).
1214:Almond, Gabriel A. (1987).
953:
686:, Ph.D. dissertation (1927)
304:City University of New York
66:December 18, 1978 (aged 76)
10:
3381:
3340:Analysands of Theodor Reik
3273:Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier
3227:Rodney E. Hero (2014–2015)
2878:Robert E. Ward (1972–1973)
2778:R. Taylor Cole (1958–1959)
2763:Elmer Eric Schattschneider
2226:. New York: Prentice Hall.
2071:Steinberg, Sheila (2007).
2046:Annual Review of Sociology
1888:10.1177/0095327X7900500302
1876:Armed Forces & Society
1542:Jansen, Sue Curry (2010).
1269:"Harold Dwight Lasswell".
385:and an early proponent of
353:and was inducted into the
57:Donnellson, Illinois, U.S.
3110:
2899:
2709:
2531:
2497:William Archibald Dunning
2363:
2185:10.1007/s11077-017-9292-2
2167:Auer, Matthew R. (2017).
1849:10.1080/07430178908405382
1750:Business Research Methods
1677:Janowitz, Morris (1968).
1357:10.1017/S0003055406062459
1094:The Psychoanalytic Review
1046:The Psychoanalytic Review
1039:The Psychoanalytic Review
582:
577:
156:
148:
140:
132:
127:
105:
93:
83:
78:
74:
62:
50:
41:
34:
2618:Clarence Addison Dykstra
2075:. Juta and Company Ltd.
1683:Public Opinion Quarterly
1405:Marvick, Dwaine (1980).
1241:Everett, Rogers (1994).
800:"Democratic character,"
674:
394:models of communication.
3335:Communication theorists
2873:Heinz Eulau (1971–1972)
2589:Isidor Loeb (1932–1933)
2505:Harry Augustus Garfield
1172:Encyclopedia Britannica
689:"Personality studies,"
368:
171:communications theorist
3143:Susanne Hoeber Rudolph
2805:Carl Joachim Friedrich
2521:Charles Edward Merriam
2321:Additional information
1870:Aron, Raymond (1979).
1487:Post, Jerrold (2001).
1468:(1–4): 166–176. 1970.
1005:The Scientific Monthly
601:Lasswell’s 1956 book,
557:model of communication
552:
543:Model of communication
409:
163:Harold Dwight Lasswell
18:Harold Dwight Lasswell
2956:Seymour Martin Lipset
2908:James MacGregor Burns
2664:John Gaus (1944–1945)
2582:William F. Willoughby
2372:Frank Johnson Goodnow
1643:10.4135/9781412990110
1462:Psychiatric Quarterly
1066:"The garrison state,"
757:Power and Personality
615:Lasswell co-authored
550:
496:Power and Personality
407:
257:University of Chicago
175:University of Chicago
3183:Peter J. Katzenstein
2996:Samuel P. Huntington
2734:E. Pendleton Herring
2574:Edward Samuel Corwin
2513:James Wilford Garner
2433:Westel W. Willoughby
2425:Albert Bushnell Hart
1833:"The garrison state"
1548:Communication Theory
1297:The Yale Law Journal
475:Political psychology
379:political psychology
3233:Jennifer Hochschild
3175:Dianne Pinderhughes
2948:Charles E. Lindblom
2481:Paul Samuel Reinsch
555:His five-questions
310:also named him the
308:Columbia University
282:Library of Congress
167:political scientist
79:Academic background
69:New York City, U.S.
2784:Carl Brent Swisher
2605:Arthur N. Holcombe
2441:John Bassett Moore
2401:A. Lawrence Lowell
2355:Presidents of the
1712:. New York: Knopf.
1591:10.1007/BF02768457
1474:10.1007/BF01562966
1423:10.1007/BF00990480
1411:Political Behavior
623:In his 1971 book,
553:
519:Harvard University
410:
387:mass communication
3307:
3306:
2417:Simeon E. Baldwin
2310:978-0-19-088263-1
2107:978-80-88203-11-7
2082:978-0-7021-7261-8
2026:978-1-000-38141-2
1996:978-1-84966-563-6
1989:. A&C Black.
1759:978-0-19-958340-9
1734:978-0-394-71874-3
1652:978-0-7619-2667-2
1168:"Harold Lasswell"
661:international law
595:
594:
460:subject matters.
312:Albert Schewitzer
160:
159:
54:February 13, 1902
16:(Redirected from
3372:
3300:
3292:
3284:
3276:
3268:
3265:Paula D. McClain
3260:
3252:
3244:
3236:
3228:
3223:
3215:
3207:
3202:
3194:
3186:
3178:
3170:
3162:
3154:
3146:
3138:
3130:
3127:Robert D. Putnam
3122:
3103:
3095:
3087:
3084:M. Kent Jennings
3079:
3071:
3063:
3055:
3052:Charles O. Jones
3047:
3039:
3031:
3028:Theodore J. Lowi
3023:
3020:Judith N. Shklar
3015:
3007:
2999:
2991:
2983:
2975:
2967:
2964:William H. Riker
2959:
2951:
2943:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2911:
2892:
2889:J. Austin Ranney
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2861:
2853:
2845:
2837:
2829:
2821:
2813:
2808:
2800:
2795:
2787:
2779:
2774:
2766:
2758:
2750:
2745:
2737:
2729:
2721:
2718:Peter H. Odegard
2702:
2699:James K. Pollock
2694:
2686:
2681:
2673:
2665:
2660:
2657:Leonard D. White
2652:
2647:
2644:William Anderson
2639:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2613:
2608:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2577:
2569:
2564:
2556:
2551:
2548:William B. Munro
2543:
2540:Charles A. Beard
2524:
2516:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2489:Leo Stanton Rowe
2484:
2476:
2473:Henry Jones Ford
2468:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2436:
2428:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2396:
2388:
2383:
2375:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2315:
2314:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2164:
2153:
2152:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2121:
2112:
2111:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2012:
2001:
2000:
1982:
1973:
1972:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1917:
1908:
1907:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1837:Defense Analysis
1828:
1822:
1821:
1773:
1764:
1763:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1674:
1665:
1664:
1628:
1619:
1618:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1460:"Book Reviews".
1457:
1451:
1450:
1402:
1385:
1384:
1336:
1321:
1320:
1288:
1277:
1276:
1266:
1247:
1246:
1238:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1211:
1176:
1175:
1164:
1078:Yale Law Journal
587:
586:
575:
574:
443:content analysis
437:Content analysis
339:Rand Corporation
214:social structure
46:
32:
31:
21:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3295:
3287:
3279:
3271:
3263:
3255:
3249:Kathleen Thelen
3247:
3239:
3231:
3226:
3218:
3212:Jane Mansbridge
3210:
3205:
3197:
3189:
3181:
3173:
3165:
3157:
3149:
3141:
3133:
3125:
3117:
3106:
3098:
3090:
3082:
3074:
3066:
3058:
3050:
3042:
3036:James Q. Wilson
3034:
3026:
3018:
3010:
3002:
2994:
2988:Aaron Wildavsky
2986:
2978:
2972:Philip Converse
2970:
2962:
2954:
2946:
2938:
2930:
2922:
2914:
2906:
2895:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2864:
2856:
2848:
2840:
2832:
2824:
2816:
2811:
2803:
2798:
2792:Emmette Redford
2790:
2782:
2777:
2769:
2761:
2755:Harold Lasswell
2753:
2748:
2740:
2732:
2724:
2716:
2705:
2697:
2689:
2684:
2678:Arthur MacMahon
2676:
2668:
2663:
2655:
2650:
2642:
2636:Frederic A. Ogg
2634:
2629:
2624:
2616:
2611:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2567:
2561:John A. Fairlie
2559:
2554:
2546:
2538:
2527:
2519:
2511:
2503:
2495:
2487:
2479:
2471:
2463:
2455:
2447:
2439:
2431:
2423:
2415:
2407:
2399:
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2386:
2378:
2370:
2359:
2353:
2323:
2318:
2311:
2297:
2293:
2270:10.2307/1951330
2250:
2246:
2235:
2231:
2220:
2216:
2173:Policy Sciences
2165:
2156:
2137:
2133:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2094:
2090:
2083:
2069:
2065:
2038:
2034:
2027:
2013:
2004:
1997:
1983:
1976:
1965:
1961:
1918:
1911:
1868:
1864:
1829:
1825:
1782:Policy Sciences
1774:
1767:
1760:
1746:
1742:
1735:
1721:
1717:
1706:
1702:
1675:
1668:
1653:
1629:
1622:
1571:
1567:
1540:
1536:
1485:
1481:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1403:
1388:
1337:
1324:
1289:
1280:
1268:
1267:
1250:
1239:
1228:
1220:
1212:
1179:
1166:
1165:
1146:
1142:
996:Childs Emotions
956:
677:
669:
633:
608:His 1963 book,
584:
573:
571:Policy sciences
567:communication.
545:
527:
477:
439:
402:
383:policy sciences
371:
363:
320:
300:Yale University
293:Yale Law School
273:
271:Teaching career
240:
232:
227:
179:Yale University
70:
67:
58:
55:
37:
36:Harold Lasswell
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3378:
3368:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3299:(2023–present)
3297:Mark E. Warren
3293:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3261:
3253:
3245:
3237:
3229:
3224:
3216:
3208:
3203:
3199:Carole Pateman
3195:
3191:Henry E. Brady
3187:
3179:
3171:
3167:Robert Axelrod
3163:
3159:Ira Katznelson
3155:
3147:
3139:
3131:
3123:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3100:Robert Keohane
3096:
3092:Matthew Holden
3088:
3080:
3072:
3068:Arend Lijphart
3064:
3056:
3048:
3040:
3032:
3024:
3016:
3008:
3000:
2992:
2984:
2976:
2968:
2960:
2952:
2944:
2936:
2928:
2920:
2912:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2866:Robert E. Lane
2862:
2854:
2846:
2838:
2834:Robert A. Dahl
2830:
2826:Gabriel Almond
2822:
2814:
2809:
2801:
2796:
2788:
2780:
2775:
2767:
2759:
2751:
2746:
2738:
2730:
2722:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2695:
2687:
2682:
2674:
2670:Walter F. Dodd
2666:
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2648:
2640:
2632:
2627:
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2501:
2493:
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2445:
2437:
2429:
2421:
2413:
2409:Woodrow Wilson
2405:
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2389:
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2352:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2329:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2309:
2291:
2264:(4): 961–979.
2244:
2229:
2214:
2179:(4): 519–526.
2154:
2131:
2113:
2106:
2088:
2081:
2063:
2032:
2025:
2002:
1995:
1974:
1959:
1932:(5): 599–622.
1909:
1882:(3): 347–359.
1862:
1823:
1765:
1758:
1740:
1733:
1715:
1700:
1695:10.1086/267652
1666:
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1620:
1585:(4): 245–254.
1565:
1554:(2): 127–146.
1534:
1499:(3): 197–201.
1479:
1452:
1417:(3): 219–229.
1386:
1351:(4): 579–587.
1322:
1303:(4): 675–680.
1278:
1248:
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1177:
1143:
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629:
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592:
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579:
578:External audio
572:
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541:
531:garrison state
526:
525:Garrison state
523:
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401:
398:
370:
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324:Myres McDougal
319:
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253:Havelock Ellis
239:
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198:Gabriel Almond
158:
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3076:Elinor Ostrom
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2052:(1): 93–111.
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2022:
2019:. Routledge.
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3111:2000–present
3060:Sidney Verba
2932:Leon Epstein
2858:Karl Deutsch
2850:David Easton
2818:David Truman
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2465:Munroe Smith
2449:Ernst Freund
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141:Institutions
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3325:1978 deaths
3320:1902 births
3291:(2022–2023)
3289:Lisa Martin
3283:(2021–2022)
3275:(2020–2021)
3267:(2019–2020)
3259:(2018–2019)
3251:(2017–2018)
3243:(2016–2017)
3235:(2015–2016)
3222:(2013–2014)
3214:(2012–2013)
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2966:(1982–1983)
2958:(1981–1982)
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2942:(1979–1980)
2934:(1978–1979)
2926:(1977–1978)
2924:John Wahlke
2918:(1976–1977)
2916:Samuel Beer
2910:(1975–1976)
2891:(1974–1975)
2868:(1970–1971)
2860:(1969–1970)
2852:(1968–1969)
2844:(1967–1968)
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2828:(1965–1966)
2820:(1964–1965)
2807:(1962–1963)
2794:(1960–1961)
2786:(1959–1960)
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2607:(1935–1936)
2584:(1931–1932)
2576:(1930–1931)
2563:(1928–1929)
2550:(1926–1927)
2542:(1925–1926)
2523:(1924–1925)
2515:(1923–1924)
2507:(1922–1923)
2499:(1921–1922)
2491:(1920–1921)
2483:(1919–1920)
2475:(1918–1919)
2467:(1916–1918)
2459:(1915–1916)
2451:(1914–1915)
2443:(1913–1914)
2435:(1912–1913)
2427:(1911–1912)
2419:(1910–1911)
2411:(1909–1910)
2403:(1908–1909)
2395:(1907–1908)
2393:James Bryce
2382:(1905–1906)
2380:Albert Shaw
2374:(1903–1905)
361:Later years
210:personality
3314:Categories
3012:Lucian Pye
2457:Jesse Macy
1689:(4): 646.
1140:References
1060:Psychiatry
515:Elton Mayo
465:John Dewey
418:propaganda
400:Propaganda
230:Early life
133:Discipline
106:Influences
85:Alma mater
2900:1975–2000
2710:1950–1975
2532:1925–1950
2364:1903–1925
2278:0003-0554
2209:254899402
2193:0032-2687
1954:146389958
1946:1520-5436
1904:144414429
1896:0095-327X
1857:0743-0175
1818:144459330
1802:0032-2687
1661:263504681
1599:0885-727X
1513:0033-2747
1447:143060432
1431:0190-9320
1381:145322095
1365:0003-0554
1309:0044-0094
357:in 1974.
249:Karl Marx
238:Education
225:Biography
118:Karl Marx
2201:48722942
1615:56508776
1607:30216866
1529:45055221
1521:11708043
1373:27644386
958:Source:
954:Articles
679:Source:
645:Cold War
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1810:4532613
1174:. 2023.
218:culture
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1315:
1307:
1135:(1968)
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1089:(1956)
1080:(1943)
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1016:(1930)
1007:(1930)
998:(1930)
991:(1929)
982:(1929)
975:(1927)
968:(1925)
949:(1980)
943:(1980)
937:(1979)
931:(1976)
923:(1975)
917:(1971)
909:(1971)
901:(1971)
893:(1969)
886:(1969)
880:(1967)
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868:(1965)
860:(1964)
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828:(1960)
822:(1956)
816:(1952)
810:(1952)
804:(1951)
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759:(1948)
753:(1948)
747:(1945)
739:(1946)
731:(1939)
725:(1936)
717:(1935)
709:(1935)
701:(1930)
693:(1929)
659:, and
641:robots
494:, and
337:, and
216:, and
189:, and
95:Thesis
2282:JSTOR
2205:S2CID
2197:JSTOR
1950:S2CID
1900:S2CID
1814:S2CID
1806:JSTOR
1657:S2CID
1611:S2CID
1603:JSTOR
1525:S2CID
1443:S2CID
1435:JSTOR
1377:S2CID
1369:JSTOR
1313:JSTOR
1221:(PDF)
675:Books
2305:ISBN
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2102:ISBN
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2021:ISBN
1991:ISBN
1942:ISSN
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381:and
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63:Died
51:Born
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