Heated tobacco product

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instances, marketing materials claim that heated tobacco products are potentially helpful to smokers who want to quit. Some media accounts that announced product launches state that HTPs reduce the levels of harmful tobacco components by 90–95% compared to traditional cigarettes, while others emphasise the lack of odor or visible emissions as part of marketing campaigns; as of April 2018, there is no evidence to confirm the former claim. However, the public can perceive "lower exposure" claims as lower risk, even if no such claim was made explicitly. Other marketing claims highlight that these products produce no smoke (i.e., "smoke-free"). Implied in these claims, in advertisements and stores globally, is that smokers should switch from traditional cigarettes to these new, allegedly less harmful, products.

1613: 1853:. A representative for the company in New Zealand stated that IQOS products comply with the Smoke-Free Environments Act. Three meetings between Ministry of Health officials and people from the tobacco industry were held from 30 May 2017 through 2 June 2017 to "discuss regulation of new tobacco and nicotine-delivery products". In August 2017, the government stated they would initiate a review process before products are sold for heated tobacco products such as IQOS. In 2018, PMI and the Ministry of Health were in a legal dispute over the legality of selling IQOS in New Zealand, before a New Zealand court decided in March that the HEETs sticks used in the IQOS product are legal to sell in the country. Individuals can import heated tobacco products to New Zealand for personal use. 730:-powered systems that produce nicotine-containing emissions by heating tobacco. For this purpose, tobacco sticks are placed in a corresponding heater and heated to about 250–350 °C (around 500 °F), which result in nicotine-containing emissions that are inhaled via a mouthpiece with a filter segment. HTPs are hybrids between electronic and conventional cigarettes: they are equipped with a device that heats the product without reaching combustion to generate aerosol, while using "real" tobacco instead of nicotine-containing liquids. There are products that have a time limit so that the user is forced to inhale the nicotine within 3.5–10 minutes prior to the device turning off. This function helps support blood nicotine peaks that result in an increased 921: 1873:

device, heat-not-burn system, HnB system, heat-not-burn (HNB) device, heat-not-burn device, HNB device, HnB tobacco device, HnB device, HNB cigarette, heated cigarette, HTP cigarette, cigarette-like product, mini-cigarette, electronic heated tobacco product, electronically-heated cigarette smoking system (EHCSS), electrically heated cigarette smoking system, electrically heated tobacco system, non-combusted cigarette, non-combusted tobacco product, tobacco heating cigarette, tobacco heating product, tobacco heating system (THS), smokeless cigarette, smokeless tobacco stick, tobacco stick product, loose-leaf tobacco vaporizer (LLTV), tobacco vaporizer, or T-vapor.

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Marketing slogans like "heat-not-burn" cannot be a substitute for science. The tobacco industry has described them as "not-burned" (heat-not-burn), though it has backtracked from this claim as of 2018. HTPs are not typically marketed as a harmless substitute to smoking, though they have been marketed as a "smoke-free" alternative to traditional cigarettes, and promoted as a way to lower risk from smoking. The IQOS product has been advertised as emitting "no smoke". This advertisement claim is not a replacement for science. It is expected that the promotion associated with these products will worsen the worldwide tobacco risk.

1553: 906:, may also have led the tobacco companies to consider alternative products to protect their profits and political interests. T.L. Caputi suggests that the ubiquity of e-cigarettes and the growing dissatisfaction with not providing a "throat-hit" may present an opportunity for HTPs. Philip Morris International anticipates a future without traditional cigarettes, but campaigners and industry analysts question the probability of traditional cigarettes being overshadowed by either e-cigarettes or other products like the IQOS. 7118: 6862: 4846: 4148: 3911: 3585: 3076: 2892: 2656: 2339: 73: 8299: 756: 120: 995: 1612: 577:

fetus is probably less than traditional smoking during pregnancy, the Committee on Toxicity recommends that expectant mothers completely stop smoking. Nicotine is harmful to the infant and the growing adolescent brain, is metabolised much faster while a woman is pregnant, easily passes through the placental barrier, and collects in breast milk. There is also growing evidence that nicotine exposure during pregnancy is linked to

7857: 32: 8309: 7761: 553:. A 2016 study found that smokers were less satisfied and had a lower reduction in cravings with using an IQOS than with traditional cigarettes. In the study, smoking trial volunteers switching to an HTP, after an initial adjustment period, usually smoked more traditional cigarettes than those not switching, while reporting that they were less satisfying and rewarding than with regular cigarettes. 1168:) launched a butane-powered product used to heat tobacco or botanical products. Later models replaced the butane heating with an electric system. The Pax 2 vaporizer uses loose plant material such as tobacco or cannabis and remains cool to the touch while the oven heats to one of four temperatures (up to 455 °F). The Pax 3 takes 15 seconds to heat up and can be used to heat cannabis flowers. 4875: 774: 1811:

adopted for HTPs in Italy: health warnings are required to cover only 30% of the heated tobacco product packaging (instead of 65% for traditional cigarettes), without pictorial images; comprehensive smoke-free regulations prohibiting smoking in all public places and workplaces do not apply to HTPs; and advertising and promotions are not banned for them. Epidemiologists Xiaoqiu Liu

933:. In addition to nicotine, they contain additives that are flavoured and derived from substances other than tobacco. Evidence shows that the concentrations of nicotine in mainstream HTP aerosols are lower than in cigarette smoke. Smokers regularly reported HTP use to be less satisfying than smoking a cigarette. Tested HTPs provided more nicotine in the aerosol than a 1746:

has been explored by some tobacco control experts in the past, with enthusiasm for the possibility of harm reduction growing with the widespread availability of e-cigarettes in certain markets. The tobacco industry frames harm reduction as a common ground with health advocates and a possible entry point to influence legislation and regulation of tobacco products.

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automatically stops the heating process after six minutes or 14 moves(puffs) so that pyrolytic products and pollutant release are limited in time as well as by a maximum number of puffs per stick. HTPs may not generate side-stream smoke because they do not fully combust, but the temperatures reached are sufficient for pyrolysis to happen.

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399 (95% CI: 184–1,490) times larger than the change in average monthly queries for e-cigarettes in the United States over the same time period, increasing by 2,956% (95% CI: 1,729–7,304) compared to only 7% (95% CI: 3–13), which indicate that interest in heat-not-burn may outpace interest in e-cigarettes in the future.

1076:. The stick is inserted into the holder which then heats it to temperatures up to 350 °C, and the amount of nicotine provided may be a little strong for light cigarette smokers. Users have reported less smell and odor on clothing. There is a limited amount of research on the effect of IQOS on the user's health. 464:

risk to bystanders where smokers were using heated tobacco products instead of smoking. Limited evidence on air emissions suggests that toxic exposure from HTPs is greater than from e-cigarettes. There is no safe level of exposure to harm carcinogens, making it difficult to assess how much HTPs reduce health risks.

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harmful emissions have been shown, but lowering the risk to the smoker who transitions to using them has not been shown, as of 2018. In 2017, the Committee on Toxicity found that HTPs do not reduce exposure or potential addiction to nicotine; some of the substances inhaled from using these products are carcinogens.

5453: 715:, to prevent the tobacco from drying out and promote aerosol formation), binders, and flavorings. The filter elements consist of two independent systems: a polymer film filter that cools the aerosol, and a soft cellulose acetate mouthpiece filter that mimics the sensory aspects of a traditional cigarette. 1766:

do not extend to include them, and in the majority of the countries in which they have been sold, they have been taxed at a lower rate than traditional cigarettes. Tobacco companies have used these products to seek exemptions and relaxations of existing tobacco control policies, and have used them in

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In October 1998, Philip Morris launched the Accord in the US. It was a specialised cigarette was designed to be used with the electric heating system. Advertisements stating reduced risk were drafted for the Accord in the US, but were never released. In 1998, the company launched the Accord in Osaka,

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There are devices that use a reaction that resembles pyrolysis or combustion, but research has not determined which of the two it is. The tobacco stick contains a compressed tobacco film made of a dried tobacco suspension that has been rolled up into a paper-thin brown tobacco foil and several filter

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The HTP consists of three components with different functions: the processed tobacco stick; a pen-like heater (holder) that the tobacco stick is inserted, which is then heated by an electrically controlled heating element; and a charger that recharges the heater after use. The heated tobacco products

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The temperature the tobacco reaches greatly varies among HTPs; it depends on the process used to heat the tobacco. For example, HeatSticks are heated to a maximum of 350 °C, a temperature sufficient to enable pyrolytic decomposition of some organic materials, while the glo iFuse heats tobacco to

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The limited data on HTP users show that they take short puffs and that the time between puffs is very short. Experimental tests show a higher volume of puffs at shorter intervals than with traditional cigarettes. A 2018 clinical trial found that tests of smokers switching to IQOS showed a tendency to

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stated that "here is limited information on product use, including whether smokers are likely to switch completely from tobacco smoking or use both types of product, as well as initiation by non-smokers (including young people)." In 2017, the Committee on Toxicity stated "he Committees were concerned

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Kotz, Daniel; Kastaun, Sabrina (2018). "E-Zigaretten und Tabakerhitzer: repräsentative Daten zu Konsumverhalten und assoziierten Faktoren in der deutschen Bevölkerung (die DEBRA-Studie)" [E-cigarettes and heat-not-burn products: representative data on consumer behaviour and associated factors in

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Due to the alleged belief in heated tobacco harm reduction in Italy, HTPs are exempted from the fiscal regimes of tobacco products. Taxes on them are reduced as much as e-cigarettes, or half of traditional cigarettes. Moreover, the enforcement of various tobacco control regulations is only minimally

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stated that the US FDA should halt new tobacco products until tobacco companies stop selling traditional cigarettes. It is recommended that indoor-smoking bans for traditional cigarettes be extended to heated tobacco products. It is recommended that marketing of these products, and claims being made

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The glo iFuse debuted in Romania in 2015, and is a hybrid of a heated tobacco product and an e-cigarette. It consists of a heating element, a liquid tank (like e-cigarettes), and a tobacco cavity through which the aerosol passes and is infused with tobacco flavour. It uses cartridges called Neopods,

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of uteroplacental vessels, which reduces the delivery of both nutrients and oxygen to the fetus. As a result, nutrition is re-distributed to prioritize vital organs, such as the heart and the brain, at the cost of less vital organs, such as the liver, kidneys, adrenal glands, and pancreas, which can

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and other harmful substances is lower than with traditional cigarettes, though reduced exposure to harmful substances does not correlate with health risk severity. Even low exposure can increase the risks for cancers, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases compared to non-smokers. Lower levels of

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found it unclear if the use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) would "substantially alter the risk of harm" over traditional cigarettes. As of December 2017, it is impossible to quantify the health risk from using these products, as there is very limited information available on health effects. It is

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movement, leaving it without a unified voice to communicate with the public, the media and with policy makers on the strategies to advance tobacco control. The concept of harm reduction has traditionally been embraced in several public health fields such as clean needles for injectable drug use and

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Internal documents and statements by PMI researchers have contradicted PMI's claims about reduced harm in regard to the IQOS product. For example, in 2018, four PMI researchers who worked for the company stated that the lowered levels of certain substances produced by the IQOS did not automatically

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Queries for heat-not-burn in Japan occur more frequently than queries for e-cigarettes in the United States, with the Japanese heat-not-burn queries first eclipsing e-cigarette queries in April 2016. Further, the change in average monthly queries for heat-not-burn in Japan between 2015 and 2017 was

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In September 2020, Yunnan Xike Science & Technology Co., Ltd. launched Cigoo; according to the company, it is a heated herbal product which releases nicotine and aroma aerosol at 300 °C, similar to mainstream HTPs. Instead of using reconstituted tobacco film in the stick, Cigoo sticks use

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is being introduced to other countries; As of October 2019, it is available in 49 countries. PMI has projected that when 30 billions units are sold, the IQOS would increase profits by $ 700 million. In October 2018, PMI introduced a less expensive version of IQOS called IQOS 3 in Tokyo, Japan.

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As of July 2017, not many US adults had tried using an HTP; approximately one in twenty US adults (including one in ten traditional cigarette users) have heard of HTPs. In Italy, HTP use was 1.4% among the people and 3.1% among regular tobacco users. A 2018 survey in Italy found that 45 per cent of

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The availability of flavours in HTP products may appeal to non-smokers, and evidence suggests that individuals who have never used tobacco products, especially children and adolescents, could be susceptible to new products that could lead to the use of traditional cigarettes. In 2017, the Committee

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As early as the 1960s, tobacco companies developed alternative tobacco products. HTPs were introduced into the market in 1988, though they were not a commercial success. The global decline in tobacco consumption may be one reason the industry has invented and marketed new products such as HTPs. The

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Also variously known as a partially combustion heat-not-burn product, heat-not-burn device, heat-not-burn tobacco product (HNB), Heat-not-Burn tobacco product, heat-not-burn cigarette (HC), heat-not-burn cig, HNB tobacco product, HnB tobacco product, HNB product, HnB product, heat-not-burn tobacco

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released Ploom, which has been withdrawn from the US. The brand remained with Japan Tobacco and the product has been replaced with Ploom Tech, where an aerosol passes through a capsule of granulated tobacco leaves. The Ploom brand uses aluminum capsules called Vapodes, where tobacco can heat up to

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to develop alternative tobacco products, such as HTPs. There has been a global decline in tobacco consumption that, if continued, will negatively impact the tobacco industry's profits, which has forced the industry to invent and market new products like HTPs. The introduction of HTPs may also have

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There are three general types of heated tobacco products. One that immediately heats processed tobacco to generate aerosol, another that uses processed tobacco that is heated in (but not generate) an aerosol, and one where the processed tobacco gives flavour to the aerosol as the latter moves over

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The tobacco companies use heated tobacco products as part of their broader political and public relations activities to position them as 'partners' to address the tobacco epidemic rather than as the vectors that are causing it. This is a similar strategy previously used by the tobacco industry to

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are often ineffective for quitting smoking, pregnant women turn to alternatives such as HTPs. There is no information available on the potential impact of HTP emissions from mother to fetus as of 2018. The risk to the fetus from HTPs during pregnancy is hard to quantify ; although the risk to the

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In Germany, HTP use is not common and is generally more frequent among richer and educated smokers. Since its sale in Japan in 2014, HTP use has been high; A 2017 survey in Japan found that of those who used the IQOS within the last month, 20 per cent had never smoked before. The products did not

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The impact on the overall population is unclear. Studies on second-hand HTP emissions as of 2018 were diverse and largely affiliated with manufacturers. There is disagreement over the extent to which HTPs generate air emissions, and the emissions' composition. There is anticipated to be a reduced

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A 2018 Public Health England report found that "ompared with cigarettes, heated tobacco products are likely to expose users and bystanders to lower levels of particulate matter and harmful and potentially harmful compounds (HPHC). The extent of the reduction found varies between studies." It also

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HTPs use embedded or external heat sources, heated sealed chambers, or product-specific customized cigarettes. Whereas e-cigarettes are electronic devices that vaporize a liquid containing nicotine, HTPs usually use tobacco in leaf or some other solid form, although there are some hybrid products

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The tobacco industry claims that smokers will switch to HTPs; however, IQOS users are more likely to smoke and/or use e-cigarettes as well. Among those who have tried or intend to try IQOS, never-smokers equal or outnumber smokers. A review of PMI's research found that smokers did not understand

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in Japan each month based on the latest search estimates for September 2017. Moreover, forecasts relying on the historical trend suggest heat-not-burn searches would increase an additional 32% (95%CI: -4 to 79) during 2018, compared to current estimates for 2017 (January–September), with further

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conducted by PMI for the approval of the IQOS product by the US FDA. The advisory panel appointed by the US FDA reviewed Philip Morris International's application in January 2018. The FDA granted permission to PMI to sell IQOS in the US on 30 April 2019, which also requires the company to follow

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Since the constituents of HeatSticks may differ from combustible cigarettes, including flavourants and additives, it is plausible that the IQOS aerosol may contain substances not found in tobacco smoke. The emissions of the IQOS HeatSticks and the IQOS menthol mini-cigarettes contain about three

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E-cigarette emissions machine with heated tobacco products. The emissions of four heated tobacco products can be generated in parallel in an emissions experiment. The emissions generated are analyzed using appropriate analytical techniques, which allows a comparison of different applications and

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Since 2017, PMI has been promoting its IQOS product in Europe and Asia, where IQOS products are sold as an alternative to regular cigarettes. Outside of an IQOS retail shop in Canada, marketing included a display sign with the message, "Building a Smoke-Free Future". Philip Morris International

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The term "heat-not-burn" refers to tobacco heated (at ~350 °C) by an electrically powered element or carbon instead of being fully combusted (at ~800 °C). Terms used in marketing for cigarette-like products that "heat rather than burn" refer to them as "reduced risk" and "innovative".

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note the lax enforcement over HTPs have been exploited by the presence of "IQOS embassies" and "IQOS boutiques"—fancy concept stores where IQOS is promoted as a status symbol and free samples are given—and believe the most recognized tobacco control policies in Italy (i.e., price/tax increase,

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HTPs are designed to be similar to their combustible counterparts by replicating the oral inhalation and exhalation, taste, rapid systemic delivery of nicotine, hand-to-mouth feel and throat hit sensations (depending on the temperature) when smoking traditional cigarettes. HTPs aim for a niche

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The dual use of HTPs and combustible products is common. Trying an HTP was more frequent among adults below the age of 30 and regular traditional cigarette users. A 2015 online survey found that 6.6% of 8240 respondents had tried an HTP at least once. Research demonstrated that there is a high

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and contribute significantly to levels of toxic aldehydes emitted in e-cigarette aerosols, as demonstrated by the presence of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides, soot or tars, and aldehydes in emissions. Gases, liquid, and solid particles are also found in the emissions; the solids in the

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There has been significant controversy surrounding the marketing and use of these products. The tobacco companies are using a series of claims in the marketing of HTPs. In both websites and statements to the media and investors, HTPs are presented as less harmful but not risk-free. In a few

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As of January 2018, the industry has been rapidly introducing new heated tobacco products. HTPs were first sold in Japan, and several brands have been marketed there since 2014. Since the introduction of HTP in Japan there has been a 32% drop in the sale of tobacco cigarettes.

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England, Lucinda J.; Kim, Shin Y.; Tomar, Scott L; Ray, Cecily S; Gupta, Prakash C.; Eissenberg, Thomas; Cnattingius, Sven; Bernert, John T.; Tita, Alan Thevenet N.; Winn, Deborah M.; Djordjevic, Mirjana V.; Lambe, Mats; Stamilio, David; Chipato, Tsungai; Tolosa, Jorge E. (2010).

1084:, including volatile organic compounds at comparable levels to cigarette smoke, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide. Each of these substances, on the basis of rigorous research of cigarette smoke, are known to result in significant harms to health. According to 661:

Nicotine is released from tobacco heated above 150 °C. The burning process, substances emitted and their levels vary at different temperatures: distillation—the process during which nicotine and aromas are transferred from tobacco to smoke—occurs below 300 °C;

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around 35 °C. The formation of toxic volatile organic compounds, including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein, have been reported in e-cigarette aerosols at similar temperatures as the IQOS; flavoring chemicals in e-cigarettes have been discovered to undergo

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on Toxicity noted that "ommittees were particularly concerned for young people, who do not smoke, starting to use these products, due to the potential for longer exposure over the remainder of their lives compared to adults and to possible differences in sensitivity."

1823:. The Justice Ministry in Israel agreed with the view of three voluntary organizations that the IQOS is a tobacco product, and that it should be regulated in the same manner as tobacco products. In Israel the IQOS is taxed at the same rate as traditional cigarettes. 519:

who has studied IQOS, said that tobacco companies like PMI would have a "mega database" of Americans' smoking habits, and possibly "reprogram the current puffing delivery pattern of the IQOS to one that may be more reinforcing and with a higher addiction potential".

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2 is marketed by Shenzhen Yukan Technology Co., Limited, of China. The HTP can use any pack of 20 cigarettes on a single battery charge and does not use tobacco-filled cartridges. It is an updated version over the original IUOC and was formally launched in 2018 at

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In December 2017, PMI launched TEEPS in the Dominican Republic. It is an HTP that looks similar to a traditional cigarette. Instead of an electrically controlled heating system, it uses a carbon heat source that, once lit, passes heat to a processed tobacco plug.

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The iSmoke OneHitter by iSmoke can be used as a loose-leaf tobacco vaporizer or for use with waxy oils. It is described as a "heat, not burn" tobacco vaporizer, and was launched in 2015. It has a chamber that can be filled with up to 800 milligrams of tobacco.

957:, and is more compact than the original Firefly vaporizer. It uses a patented heating technology that heats the device up to the desired temperature (between 200 and 500 °F) with each puff rather than a preset temperature setting from the beginning. 609:. Affected rats exhibited significant pancreatic dysfunction and glucose intolerance. Other animal studies have reported insulin resistance in adult offspring due to maternal nicotine exposure; in animal models, nicotine has also been shown to activate 429:

Physiological changes in response to heated tobacco emissions, such as multiple organ system inflammation, energy metabolism, and carcinogenesis, have not been well characterised due to limited research in this area, especially in animal models. A 2018

239:. The two most common designs are those that use an electric battery to heat tobacco leaf (e.g., IQOS, glo, Pax) and those that use a carbon ember that is lit and then heats the tobacco (e.g., Eclipse, REVO, TEEPS). There are similar devices that heat 508:; for example, the HTP known as IQOS acts more as a gateway to traditional cigarette use (20% of users) than as a means of quitting (11% of users), and is not anticipated to have a lowered risk among dual users who make up the remaining 69%. In 2016 1142:

on 20 November 2017. According to the company, a two-hour battery charge lasts for up to 20 cigarette sticks, its refills are cheaper than the IQOS and glo, and will fit in the IQOS product, though they do not recommend doing so for safety reasons.

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The physical effects on users are not yet known. The emissions of IQOS are considered to be smoke by independent researchers, and were called smoke by Phillip Morris researchers until 2016. The emissions generated by IQOS contain the identical

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Jeong, Won Tae; Cho, Hyun Ki; Lee, Hyung Ryeol; Song, Ki Hoon; Lim, Heung Bin (2019). "Comparison of the content of tobacco alkaloids and tobacco-specific nitrosamines in 'heat-not-burn' tobacco products before and after aerosol generation".

1838:, which are regulated differently than traditional cigarettes for tax reasons. As a result, IQOS are taxed at a lower rate when compared to the 75% incurred on normal cigarettes. Emerging tobacco products are banned in Singapore by the 1051:

brands. Although it is marketed as a novel product, it is very similar to the Accord released by the same company in 1998; however, the IQOS sticks have more nicotine, more tar, and less tobacco. They are heated at a lower temperature.

480:. The nicotine content between HTP and traditional cigarette emissions are in similar ranges, which suggests a similar addictiveness and dependence potential. There is insufficient evidence on the efficacy of heated tobacco products on 311:

The different types of available HTPs vary in effect, creating a challenge for researchers. It is unknown how users evaluate product safety—one study found that about half of people believed they are safer than traditional cigarettes.

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in the mainstream aerosol of a heated tobacco product compared to the mainstream smoke of traditional cigarettes. The highest and lowest values in two different types of tobacco sticks and traditional cigarettes were given by Mallock

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strict marketing restrictions. IQOS formally launched in the US in October 2019. On 7 July 2020, the US FDA announced its ruling 456, which granted an "exposure modification" order that allows PMI to market IQOS in the United States.

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stated in 2016 that "unless and until independent evidence shows that IQOS and similar products are substantially less harmful than smoking then these products should be regulated in the same way as other tobacco products." In 2017,

6743:, Cao, Yinghui; Wang, Tao & Wang, Songfeng et al., "Integrally formed heat-not-burn smoking product and preparation method therefor", published 2019-09-26, assigned to Yunnan Xike Technology Co. Ltd. 1826:

Ploom, IQOS, and glo fall under the Tobacco Business Act as tobacco products in Japan because they consist of tobacco leaf. Ploom and IQOS are governed by the Tobacco Industries Act regulations as tobacco products in Japan. The

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between combustible tobacco smoking and e-cigarettes that aerosolise nicotine. There are different types of HTPs in the marketplace: some use tobacco sticks like glo and IQOS, while others use loose-leaf tobacco such as Pax and

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The IQOS consists of a charger around the size of a mobile phone and a pen-like holder. The disposable tobacco stick, also known as a HeatStick, is described as a mini-cigarette. The sticks contain processed tobacco soaked in

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in the UK stated in 2016 that due to "the tobacco industry's long record of deceit" regarding the health risks involving smoking, it is important to conduct independent studies into the health effects of tobacco products.

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HTP demand presents a host of tobacco control challenges similar to e-cigarettes and new challenges specific to these products. They have been advertised as reduced-risk tobacco products in their Japanese test market.

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with a heating blade, and was launched by Shenzhen ESON Technology Co. Ltd. ("ESON") in Dec. 2021 after PODA. NEAFS tobacco-free sticks does not use tobacco, but instead a nicotine infused, tea-based organic compound.

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Users experience blood nicotine levels that peak after six to seven minutes for both HTPs and traditional cigarettes. The IQOS produces slightly less blood nicotine overall than a traditional cigarette, but more than

6905:"Study Profile: The Japan "Society and New Tobacco" Internet Survey (JASTIS): A longitudinal internet cohort study of heat-not-burn tobacco products, electronic cigarettes and conventional tobacco products in Japan" 973:

with a tobacco stick that heats up to 240 °C. glo produces approximately 50% less nicotine emissions than IQOS. In May 2017 British American Tobacco released i-glo in Canada. Bonnie Herzog, a senior analyst at

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Heated tobacco product. a) Charger (left) and holder (right), b) Tobacco stick (left) and holder with tobacco stick inserted (right), c) Disassembled holder, with heating element visible (left) and the holder's lid

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debuted the Mok in Korea. According to the company, Mok is more compact and weighs less than other products such as glo, IQOS, and lil. The Coo sticks are longer and wider than tobacco sticks from other companies.

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Marynak, Kristy L.; Wang, Teresa W.; King, Brian A.; Agaku, Israel T.; Reimels, Elizabeth A.; Graffunder, Corinne M. (2018). "Awareness and Ever Use of "Heat-Not-Burn" Tobacco Products Among U.S. Adults, 2017".

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lead to underdevelopment and functional disorders later in life. Animal research in regards to maternal nicotine exposure on rats showed a direct adverse impact on pancreas development by reducing endocrine

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Kopa, Paulina Natalia; Pawliczak, Rafał (2019). "IQOS – a heat-not-burn (HnB) tobacco product – chemical composition and possible impact on oxidative stress and inflammatory response. A Systematic Review".

560:, for instance, deliver nicotine in a slow, stable manner, which is less addictive. Inhaled nicotine enters the blood quicker than oral consumption, and blood nicotine levels halve every one to two hours. 5448:, Sebastian, Andries Don; Conner, Billy Tyrone & Banerjee, Chandra K. et al., "Segmented smoking article with foamed insulation material", published 2016-11-08, assigned to 4344: 901:

The global decline of cigarette consumption and decrease in adult smoking prevalence (from 24% in 2007 to 21% in 2015), combined with the success of tobacco control, including the implementation of the

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Mallock, Nadja; Böss, Lisa; Burk, Robert; Danziger, Martin; Welsch, Tanja; Hahn, Harald; Trieu, Hai-Linh; Hahn, Jürgen; Pieper, Elke; Henkler-Stephani, Frank; Hutzler, Christoph; Luch, Andreas (2018).

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translate into the product being safer, even though PMI stated that the IQOS is safer than traditional cigarettes, as 58 substances in IQOS aerosols were found at lower levels than in cigarette smoke.

1622:. The above figure shows the Relative Search Volume (scaled from 0–100 and adjusted for number of total Google search volumes per month in Japan and the USA) for heat-not-burn and e-cigarette products. 1597:: 746–3,574) during 2015–2016, and they continued to grow an additional 100% (95% CI: 60–173) between 2016 and 2017; in practical terms, there are now between 5.9 and 7.5 million heat-not-burn related 487:

A 2018 World Health Organization report states that "onclusions cannot yet be drawn about their ability to assist with quitting smoking (cessation), their potential to attract new youth tobacco users (

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The share of the market in South Korea for heated tobacco products has surged at least five-fold during the last two years leading up to 2019. As of early 2018, these products are not sold in France.

882:. The Accord and Heatbar are predecessors of Philip Morris International's current HTPs. HTPs were not a commercial success, and most of them were quickly taken off the market following their debut. 863:

to endorse it. The Surgeon General did not reply to Podraza's letter. Few people used the Accord, and most of them also continued to use traditional cigarettes. The Accord ceased production in 2006.

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Ho, Sai Yin; Chen, Jianjiu; Leung, Lok Tung; Mok, Hoi Yan; Wang, Lijun; Wang, Man Ping; Lam, Tai Hing (2019). "Adolescent Smoking in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Psychosocial Correlates, and Prevention".

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Tabuchi, Takahiro; Kiyohara, Kosuke; Hoshino, Takahiro; Bekki, Kanae; Inaba, Yohei; Kunugita, Naoki (2016). "Awareness and use of electronic cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco products in Japan".

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latest generation of heated tobacco products may be an industry attempt to appeal with governments and health advocates by presenting a potential (but unproven) "harm reduction" product. Current

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Sales expanded throughout Japan in 2017. Japan Tobacco intended to spend $ 500 million to increase their heated tobacco manufacturing capacity by late 2018. Studies have not been conducted on

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launched a battery-powered heated product called glo in Japan before selling it in South Korea, Switzerland, Russia, and Ukraine. In France, glo uses tobacco sticks called Neostiks. It uses a

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report includes evidence that indicates HTPs may be safer than traditional cigarettes, but less safe than e-cigarettes. Some HTP aerosols studied were found to contain levels of nicotine and

2054: 859:-size product was marketed as "low-smoke". An attempt was made in 2007 by Kenneth Podraza, the Vice President of Research and Development at Philip Morris in the US at the time, to get the 504:

overlap between HTP users and female smokers. According to four epidemiological papers, 10–45 per cent of non-smokers use these products, and show the effectiveness of the marketing of the

417:, and suggests that HTPs generate less concentrations of airborne contaminants in indoor places in comparison to a traditional cigarette, though their use still reduces indoor air quality. 524:

people who experimented with the IQOS and 51 per cent who were interested in the product had never smoked before. Therefore, such a product may represent, at least in Italy, a gateway for

1974: 1085: 7504: 666:

occurs around 300 °C–700 °C and involves the decomposition of biopolymers, proteins, and other organic materials and generates the majority of substances emitted in smoke; and

515:

IQOS can record the user's smoking habits. While Philip Morris International stated it only retrieves the data when the product is not working properly, Gregory Connolly, a professor at

496:

over the potential for non-smokers including children and young people, who would not otherwise start to smoke cigarettes, to take up using these products as they are not without risk."

6316: 5405: 3292: 1903: 1636: 1656:. "The tobacco industry has opened heated tobacco product flagship stores, cafes and sponsored public events such as concerts and car races around the world, which is alarming," said 1807:, though the directive may apply to advertising for the IQOS' tobacco stick. The UK government has been looking into creating a separate category for taxing heated tobacco products. 1569:, which has an estimated global user count of 20 million. As of 2018, the IQOS is the most popular product, and was authorised for marketing by the FDA in the US on 30 April 2019. 536:

satisfy 86 per cent of users, and they did not quit using traditional cigarettes; they used both. HTP use among youth is unknown, but monitoring is underway as of March 2019.

7486: 7444: 1565:

As of 2017, HTPs are being introduced in markets around the world, and since October 2019, they have been sold in at least 49 countries. They are not as globally popular as the

1181:

180 °C. Because the Ploom Tech heats up more, it may generate more harmful emissions. In January 2019, Japan Tobacco introduced Ploom TECH+ and Ploom S in Tokyo, Japan.

1641: 7726: 3238:

Pacitto, A.; Stabile, L.; Scungio, M.; Rizza, V.; Buonanno, G. (2018). "Characterization of airborne particles emitted by an electrically heated tobacco smoking system".

5369: 5838: 6642: 3429: 613:(nAChRs) in the brain, which regulate brain development. Nicotine exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy (2 mg/kg/d) leads to structural changes in the 6295: 5676: 512:(PMI) acknowledged that IQOS is probably as addictive as tobacco smoking. IQOS is sold with a warning that states the best option is to avoid tobacco use altogether. 274:

indicates that toxic exposure from these products is greater than that of e-cigarettes. Smokers have reported HTP use to be less satisfying than smoking a cigarette.

1252:

respectively. Column 5 shows the reduction of the analytes in the mainstream aerosol of the heated tobacco product compared to traditional cigarettes by percentage.

6597: 7567: 7413: 8246: 308:

are. As of 2019, a limited number of independent studies have been conducted on HTPs, and further research will likely increase understanding of health effects.

4352: 327:, and compelling independent research was unavailable to support these claims. It also noted evidence that HTPs may be as dangerous as traditional cigarettes. 1929: 413:

and formaldehyde air levels when HTPs were used indoors. Another 2017 study discovered HTPs generated emissions of metal particulates, organic compounds, and

5746: 5568: 4598:"Heat-not-burn tobacco product use in Japan: its prevalence, predictors and perceived symptoms from exposure to secondhand heat-not-burn tobacco aerosol" 789:

As early as the 1960s, the tobacco companies developed alternative tobacco products to supplement the cigarette market. The first commercial HTP was the

5468: 601:

size and number, which was accompanied by a decrease in gene expression of specific transcription factors and blood glucose regulating hormones such as

270:. There is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of HTPs on quitting smoking, or possible effects of second-hand exposure. The limited evidence on 8174: 6690: 343:

report states that HTPs may be much safer than traditional cigarettes but less safe than e-cigarettes. In a 2017 non-technical summary written by the

1775: 7230: 7668: 6076:

Drope, Jeffrey; Cahn, Zachary; Kennedy, Rosemary; Liber, Alex C.; Stoklosa, Michal; Henson, Rosemarie; Douglas, Clifford E.; Drope, Jacqui (2017).

7465: 5808: 452:

classes in HTP-exposed mice when compared with their counterparts that were exposed to cigarette smoke. It also discovered that even with reduced

8071: 360: 1940: 898:

beginning around 2007 after independent companies introduced them before major multinational tobacco companies entered the e-cigarettes market.

232: 5823: 687:

emissions have been called nicotine-free dry particulate matter rather than tar in papers written by people connected to the tobacco industry.

271: 5878: 934: 219:

to be inhaled from the tobacco, which contains nicotine and other chemicals. HTPs may also contain additives not found in tobacco, including

5859: 5771: 5545: 1835: 5591: 1652:

Companies employ similar strategies previously used for traditional cigarettes, such as marketing through a variety of outlets, including

8236: 903: 5503: 982:

by British American Tobacco in 2016 would let them catch up with the competition. glo is marketed as being easier to operate than IQOS.

738:

the former. HTPs heat tobacco leaves at a lower temperature than traditional cigarettes. Another type of HTP is the loose-leaf tobacco

4853: by Xiaoqiu Liu, Alessandra Lugo, Lorenzo Spizzichino, Takahiro Tabuchi, Giuseppe Gorini, and Silvano Gallus available under the 6866: 6262: 5717: 7957: 7765: 5524: 1095:. In March 2017, PMI submitted a premarket tobacco product application regarding its IQOS product to the US FDA. In December 2017, 801:

launched in 1988 and described as difficult to use. Many smokers disliked the taste, and it was not popular with users when it was

718: 7244:

Levy, David T.; Cummings, K. Michael; Villanti, Andrea C.; Niaura, Ray; Abrams, David B.; Fong, Geoffrey T.; Borland, Ron (2017).

6468: 5488: 5621: 2368:"Levels of selected analytes in the emissions of "heat not burn" tobacco products that are relevant to assess human health risks" 1593:

in Japan for "heat-not-burn products" (a marketing name for HTPs) increased substantially; average monthly searches rose 1,426% (

45: 4348: 2489:"Mechanisms of toxicity and biomarkers of flavoring and flavor enhancing chemicals in emerging tobacco and non-tobacco products" 878:

them. The Heatbar did not obtain any significant user reception, and was discontinued after the only benefit found was to lower

328: 5229: 2841:"New Tobacco and Tobacco-Related Products: Early Detection of Product Development, Marketing Strategies, and Consumer Interest" 2757:"Reynolds' decision to stop marketing of heated cigarette Revo illustrates challenges in selling adult smokers on new products" 1139: 7178:

Mathers, Annalise; Schwartz, Robert; O'Connor, Shawn; Fung, Michael; Diemert, Lori (2018). "Marketing IQOS in a dark market".

6664: 6430: 4503:"Light and mild redux: heated tobacco products' reduced exposure claims are likely to be misunderstood as reduced risk claims" 8169: 7545: 5352: 3534:"An online survey of users of tobacco vaporizers, reasons and modes of utilization, perceived advantages and perceived risks" 3413: 844:

also introduced a brand called Revo and stated that it was a "repositioning" of the Eclipse. The Revo was withdrawn in 2015.

339:

devices available in the UK, it is unclear if HTPs offer any favorable benefit as a plausible harm reduction product. A 2018

1767:

attempts to influence regulatory policy to sustain and increase their clientele in the midst of decreasing cigarette usage.

953:

The Firefly developed the Firefly 2, which heats loose-leaf plant material and concentrates and is often used to aerosolise

8358: 7793: 6961: 1560: 860: 5286:""And they told two friends...and so on": RJ Reynolds' viral marketing of Eclipse and its potential to mislead the public" 262:

comparable to conventional cigarettes. Although heated tobacco products may be less dangerous than cigarette smoking, the

8269: 8221: 2259: 1791:, wrote: "There is concern that heat-not-burn tobacco will skirt local ordinances that prevent smoking in public areas." 1081: 6078:"Key issues surrounding the health impacts of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and other sources of nicotine" 5656: 3293:"How are Non-Combusted Cigarettes, Sometimes Called Heat-Not-Burn Products, Different from E-Cigarettes and Cigarettes?" 3101:

Lindson-Hawley, Nicola; Hartmann-Boyce, Jamie; Fanshawe, Thomas R; Begh, Rachna; Farley, Amanda; Lancaster, Tim (2016).

290: 8368: 8226: 6803:"They're heating up: Internet search query trends reveal significant public interest in heat-not-burn tobacco products" 6582: 6510: 6003: 5193: 3689: 3860:"Heat or Burn? Impacts of Intrauterine Tobacco Smoke and E-Cigarette Vapor Exposure on the Offspring's Health Outcome" 3788:

Caputi, TL (24 August 2016). "Industry watch: heat-not-burn tobacco products are about to reach their boiling point".

223:. HTPs generally heat tobacco to temperatures under 600 °C (1100 °F), a lower temperature than conventional 8025: 8000: 5731: 5062: 2343: 1887: 1031: 180: 162: 59: 6370: 8348: 8211: 4795:

Liu, Xiaoqiu; Lugo, Alessandra; Spizzichino, Lorenzo; Tabuchi, Takahiro; Gorini, Giuseppe; Gallus, Silvano (2018).

2698:"Electronic Cigarettes and Youth in the United States: A Call to Action (at the Local, National and Global Levels)" 1925: 1850: 1846: 1828: 1788: 805:

in Arizona and Missouri. It was shaped like a traditional cigarette, and required combustion to move the smoldered

610: 492: 440:

cultures when exposed to such emissions. A 2016 animal study showed that heated tobacco emissions did not increase

5756: 4576: 8076: 7967: 7888: 4596:

Tabuchi, Takahiro; Gallus, Silvano; Shinozaki, Tomohiro; Nakaya, Tomoki; Kunugita, Naoki; Colwell, Brian (2018).

915: 421:

noted that the evidence indicates that less nicotine was inhaled from HTPs than cigarette smoke, and exposure to

129: 6276:

Lasseter, Tom; Bansal, Paritosh; Wilson, Thomas; Miyazaki, Ami; Wilson, Duff; Kalra, Aditya (20 December 2017).

4020: 2682: 556:

Sharper peaks in blood nicotine levels from inhalation cause greater nicotine dependence than oral consumption.

8322: 7654: 5909:

Auer, Reto; Concha-Lozano, Nicolas; Jacot-Sadowski, Isabelle; Cornuz, Jacques; Berthet, Aurélie (1 July 2017).

5635: 3589: 3344:"A review of the impacts of tobacco heating system on indoor air quality versus conventional pollution sources" 1839: 1039:) is a non-combustible "reduced risk" smoking alternative that was introduced in June 2014 and is marketed by 794: 236: 7707: 7301:

Liber, Alex C. (2018). "Heated tobacco products and combusted cigarettes: comparing global prices and taxes".

6453: 5387: 4176: 3450: 8363: 8149: 5786: 4755: 1092: 739: 6548: 6277: 4850: 3609:"E-cigarettes/electronic nicotine delivery systems: a word of caution on health and new product development" 8164: 8098: 7246:"A framework for evaluating the public health impact of e-cigarettes and other vaporized nicotine products" 6869: by Theodore L. Caputi, Eric Leas, Mark Dredze, Joanna E. Cohen, and John W. Ayers available under the 5423: 4770: 1779: 1771: 826: 822: 573: 557: 491:), or the interaction in dual use with other conventional tobacco products and e-cigarettes." In 2017, the 2899: by Yvonne CM Staal, Suzanne van de Nobelen, Anne Havermans, and Reinskje Talhout available under the 8154: 6740: 6567: 5843: 5469:"Philip Morris tries smokeless Accord: tobacco marketer, cautious about brand, doing 'consumer research'" 1820: 1529:

Tobacco stick, i.e. for heated tobacco products: a tobacco stick; for traditional cigarette: a cigarette.

1185: 1040: 867: 779: 700: 509: 94: 51: 7633: 6615: 633:

Tobacco stick; above, disassembled, below, intact. A: Reconstituted tobacco film, made of dried tobacco

8159: 6991: 6317:"FDA permits sale of IQOS Tobacco Heating System through premarket tobacco product application pathway" 5449: 4216:"E-cigarettes or heat-not-burn tobacco products — advantages or disadvantages for the lungs of smokers" 4099:"Heated tobacco products: another tobacco industry global strategy to slow progress in tobacco control" 3430:"Philip Morris' Smokeless Tobacco Stick Shouldn't Be Marketed As Safer Than Cigarettes, FDA Panel Says" 1941:"Further development of the partial guidelines for implementation of Articles 9 and 10 of the WHO FCTC" 1804: 6333: 5445: 1947: 8353: 8274: 8126: 7987: 6394: 5702: 3693: 1894: 1754:

pointing that harm reduction is achieved through tobacco control policies that decrease consumption.

1750:

promote itself as a partner of public health in reducing the harms of tobacco, while obfuscating the

1091:

In 2016, PMI submitted a multi-million page application to the US FDA for IQOS to be authorized as a

821:. In 1989, after spending $ 325 million, R. J. Reynolds pulled the Premier from the market after the 742:

that involves putting loose-leaf tobacco into a chamber that is electrically heated with an element.

374: 316: 247: 85: 7693: 7505:"Tax hike on heat-not-burn tobacco products under consideration as LDP begins review of tax reforms" 6801:

Shi, Yuyan; Caputi, Theodore L.; Leas, Eric; Dredze, Mark; Cohen, Joanna E.; Ayers, John W. (2017).

3083: by Gideon St.Helen, Peyton Jacob III, Natalie Nardone, and Neal L Benowitz available under the 8343: 8312: 8264: 7786: 7049: 6903:

Tabuchi, Takahiro; Shinozaki, Tomohiro; Kunugita, Naoki; Nakamura, Masakazu; Tsuji, Ichiro (2018).

5888: 5174: 3477:"Expanding clinical laboratory tobacco product evaluation methods to loose-leaf tobacco vaporizers" 3433: 1834:

Electronic tobacco products using dry material are regulated as e-cigarettes in South Korea by the

966: 324: 6529: 6352: 390: 8201: 8196: 5118:"Invisible smoke: third-party endorsement and the resurrection of heat-not-burn tobacco products" 2663: by Elke Pieper, Nadja Mallock, Frank Henkler-Stephani, and Andreas Luch available under the 516: 7523: 3475:

Lopez, Alexa A.; Hiler, Marzena; Maloney, Sarah; Eissenberg, Thomas; Breland, Alison B. (2016).

2660: 90: 8279: 8241: 8116: 8040: 3455: 2346: by Erikas Simonavicius, Ann McNeill1, Lion Shahab, and Leonie S Brose available under the 1048: 975: 695:

found in traditional cigarette emissions. The IQOS HeatSticks do not generate a flame, but are

634: 457: 320: 251: 133: 4152: 2152:

Belushkin, M.; Esposito, M.; Jaccard, G.; Jeannet, C.; Korneliou, A.; Tafin Djoko, D. (2018).

2055:"Philip Morris says it doesn't want you to buy its cigarettes, but will IQOS help it survive?" 1138:

The lil is an HTP that heats a cigarette stick with a circular blade that was launched by the

220: 7680: 5342: 4027: 3403: 3080: 2761: 1919:"Regulatory Impact Statement: Regulation of smokeless tobacco and nicotine-delivery products" 1910: 727: 692: 683: 386: 344: 340: 263: 255: 7122: 5546:"Why Philip Morris International's New Heated Products Will Do Better Than Its Last Attempt" 3949: 1680:

Product appeal and marketing terms used for online advertisement of heated tobacco products

711:

elements. This film consists of about 70% tobacco, as well as humectants (such as water and

8317: 8284: 8088: 7929: 7836: 7044: 6814: 5988: 5002:

Forster, Mark; Liu, Chuan; Duke, Martin G; McAdam, Kevin G; Proctor, Christopher J (2015).

3355: 1842:. China plans to pass legislation to ban the sale of these products to minors, as of 2019. 1619: 1566: 1044: 895: 836:

in the mid-1990s, which was available in limited distribution as of 2015, and promoted via

618: 336: 20: 7669:"New Zealand's legal action against IQOS postponed, consultation with Big Tobacco follows" 7126: 7117: 6870: 6861: 6705: 6412: 4854: 4845: 4156: 4147: 4021:"Toxicological evaluation of novel heat-not-burn tobacco products – non-technical summary" 3950:"Vaping Startup Pax Labs Raises $ 420 Million in Funding: Term Sheet for Monday, April 22" 3919: 3910: 3593: 3584: 3084: 3075: 2900: 2891: 2664: 2655: 2609:["Heat not burn" tobacco devices as new tobacco industry products: health risks]. 2347: 2338: 1582:

leaders predicted that HTPs may displace traditional cigarette smoking and, by extension,

1088:, IQOS is "harmful to health, but probably less harmful than smoking tobacco cigarettes". 144: 8: 8302: 8005: 7821: 7779: 3722:

St.Helen, Gideon; Jacob III, Peyton; Nardone, Natalie; Benowitz, Neal L (November 2018).

1966: 1762:

HTPs are subject to different regulations than traditional cigarettes. For example, some

1751: 1741:

The tobacco industry's use of the "harm reduction" framework also serves to fracture the

833: 790: 731: 561: 488: 6818: 4912: 3359: 2425:"A critical appraisal of the harm reduction argument for heat-not-burn tobacco products" 1998:"Cytotoxic effects of heated tobacco products (HTP) on human bronchial epithelial cells" 1845:

After IQOS launched a marketing campaign in New Zealand in December 2016, the country's

1831:

will deliberate over increasing the tax rate for heated tobacco products in April 2018.

1552: 1099:

published documents and testimonies of former employees detailing irregularities in the

870:

launched the Heatbar, which was very similar to the Accord. It was around the size of a

572:

Pregnant women who wish to quit smoking but are unable to are left with few options. As

8121: 8010: 7816: 7614: 7449: 7389: 7372: 7356: 7334: 7314: 7278: 7245: 7211: 7191: 7101: 7068: 6937: 6904: 6845: 6802: 6238: 6205: 6172: 6115: 6055: 5943: 5910: 5640: 5318: 5285: 5198: 5150: 5133: 5117: 5098: 5078: 5038: 5003: 4979: 4946: 4921: 4896: 4829: 4796: 4690: 4630: 4613: 4597: 4535: 4518: 4502: 4408: 4391: 4375: 4374:

Simonavicius, Erikas; McNeill, Ann; Shahab, Lion; Brose, Leonie S. (1 September 2019).

4321: 4131: 4114: 4098: 3954: 3894: 3859: 3813: 3801: 3756: 3739: 3723: 3643: 3608: 3568: 3533: 3509: 3476: 3271: 3215: 3198: 3182: 3135: 3102: 3059: 3042: 3026: 2875: 2840: 2810: 2732: 2697: 2644: 2521: 2488: 2457: 2424: 2400: 2367: 2322: 2305: 2289: 2235: 2202: 2134: 2030: 2013: 1997: 1653: 1589:

Since the introduction of PMI's IQOS brand in select Japanese cities in November 2014,

525: 6976: 3368: 3343: 2839:

Staal, Yvonne CM; van de Nobelen, Suzanne; Havermans, Anne; Talhout, Reinskje (2018).

1996:

Leigh, Noel J; Tran, Phillip L; O’Connor, Richard J; Goniewicz, Maciej Lukasz (2018).

1849:

stated in 2017 that the refill sticks are not legal for sale in New Zealand under the

140: 8206: 8035: 7972: 7934: 7841: 7638: 7618: 7606: 7598: 7594: 7394: 7376: 7326: 7318: 7283: 7265: 7203: 7195: 7160: 7106: 7088: 7022: 7014: 6942: 6924: 6850: 6832: 6243: 6225: 6176: 6164: 6156: 6107: 6099: 6059: 6047: 6039: 5948: 5930: 5348: 5323: 5305: 5237: 5203: 5155: 5137: 5090: 5082: 5043: 5025: 4984: 4966: 4926: 4834: 4816: 4736: 4728: 4682: 4674: 4635: 4617: 4540: 4522: 4456: 4448: 4413: 4395: 4313: 4305: 4245: 4237: 4136: 4118: 3899: 3881: 3805: 3761: 3743: 3648: 3630: 3573: 3555: 3514: 3496: 3492: 3409: 3381: 3373: 3263: 3255: 3220: 3202: 3140: 3122: 3064: 3046: 2994: 2986: 2880: 2862: 2802: 2794: 2737: 2719: 2636: 2628: 2526: 2508: 2462: 2444: 2405: 2387: 2327: 2309: 2240: 2222: 2183: 2175: 2126: 2118: 2035: 2017: 841: 798: 654: 598: 481: 436:

study suggested a less harmful pathophysiological response in human organotypic oral

348: 267: 7466:"In Blow to Philip Morris, Israel to Tax iQOS E-cigarettes Like Ordinary Cigarettes" 7338: 7215: 7156: 7010: 6722: 6193:. Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment. 15 May 2018. 6119: 5926: 4694: 4444: 4325: 3817: 3275: 2814: 2648: 2138: 1816:

smoking bans, advertising bans, and health warnings) have been compromised by HTPs.

1803:

Advertisement for the IQOS product itself is not regulated under the European Union

8231: 8108: 8061: 8030: 8020: 7914: 7883: 7826: 7590: 7384: 7368: 7310: 7273: 7257: 7187: 7152: 7140: 7096: 7080: 7006: 6932: 6916: 6840: 6822: 6638: 6494: 6233: 6217: 6146: 6089: 6031: 5972: 5938: 5922: 5529: 5431: 5313: 5297: 5145: 5129: 5102: 5074: 5033: 5015: 4974: 4958: 4916: 4908: 4824: 4808: 4720: 4666: 4625: 4609: 4530: 4514: 4440: 4403: 4387: 4297: 4227: 4126: 4110: 3889: 3871: 3797: 3751: 3735: 3638: 3620: 3563: 3545: 3504: 3488: 3363: 3342:

Kaunelienė, Violeta; Meišutovič-Akhtarieva, Marija; Martuzevičius, Dainius (2018).

3247: 3210: 3194: 3130: 3118: 3114: 3054: 3038: 2976: 2870: 2852: 2786: 2727: 2709: 2618: 2516: 2500: 2452: 2436: 2395: 2379: 2317: 2301: 2230: 2214: 2165: 2108: 2097:"Heat-not-Burn Tobacco Products: Tobacco Industry Claims No Substitute for Science" 2025: 2009: 1784: 1579: 1556:

Rapid fall in cigarette sales associated with the rise of HTP sales in Japan: from

1531:

All values were generated using the Health Canada Intense (HCI) puffing conditions.

1073: 1008: 890: 593: 505: 6035: 4577:"Statement on the toxicological evaluation of novel heat-not-burn tobacco product" 2790: 8216: 8056: 8015: 7977: 7944: 6827: 6635:"Japan Tobacco plans to quadruple smokeless tobacco output capacity by 2018: CEO" 5883: 5751: 5549: 5004:"An experimental method to study emissions from heated tobacco between 100-200°C" 4670: 3918: by Gerard Li, Sonia Saad, Brian G. Oliver, and Hui Chen available under the 3251: 2504: 2059: 1792: 1742: 1583: 1227: 1197: 1068:

The IQOS 3 Multi was also launched, and is capable of multiple consecutive uses.

970: 954: 886: 879: 837: 675: 410: 385:

than regular cigarettes. Other traditional cigarette emission substances such as

300: 240: 3025:

St.Helen, Gideon; Jacob III, Peyton; Nardone, Natalie; Benowitz, Neal L (2018).

2170: 2153: 1668:"switching completely" and that IQOS users are not likely to switch completely. 8093: 7952: 7924: 7909: 2064: 1796: 1100: 979: 930: 920: 671: 586: 529: 305: 7069:"Informing iQOS Regulations in the United States: A Synthesis of What We Know" 6151: 6135:"[Systematic analysis of the scientific literature on heated tobacco]" 6134: 5809:"Altria launches Iqos tobacco device in US, and the timing couldn't be better" 5020: 4962: 4301: 3724:"IQOS: examination of Philip Morris International's claim of reduced exposure" 3550: 3027:"IQOS: examination of Philip Morris International's claim of reduced exposure" 2981: 2967:[Systematic analysis of the scientific literature on heated tobacco]. 2964: 2857: 2623: 2606: 2383: 645:) to encourage aerosol formation, binding agents, and aroma agents. B: Hollow 8337: 7995: 7878: 7602: 7380: 7322: 7269: 7199: 7092: 7084: 7018: 6928: 6836: 6723:"Cigoo launches entry-level herbal HNB products, 6 flavors now on the market" 6229: 6160: 6103: 6043: 5934: 5839:"Philip Morris Aims to Revive Japan Sales With Cheaper Heat-Not-Burn Tobacco" 5344:

Brand Failures: The Truth about the 100 Biggest Branding Mistakes of All Time

5309: 5259: 5241: 5207: 5141: 5086: 5029: 4970: 4879: 4820: 4769:

Lasseter, Tom; Wilson, Duff; Wilson, Thomas; Bansal, Paritosh (15 May 2018).

4732: 4678: 4621: 4526: 4452: 4399: 4309: 4241: 4122: 3885: 3747: 3634: 3559: 3500: 3405:

Brand Failures: The Truth about the 100 Biggest Branding Mistakes of All Time

3377: 3259: 3206: 3126: 3050: 2990: 2866: 2798: 2723: 2632: 2607:"Tabakerhitzer als neues Produkt der Tabakindustrie: Gesundheitliche Risiken" 2605:

Pieper, Elke; Mallock, Nadja; Henkler-Stephani, Frank; Luch, Andreas (2018).

2512: 2448: 2391: 2313: 2226: 2179: 2122: 2021: 1657: 1598: 1177: 1152: 848: 762: 629: 578: 7125: by Carla J. Berg, Yael Bar-Zeev, and Hagai Levine2 available under the 3915: 3625: 3341: 2714: 1713:

Similar sized package as traditional cigarette, white or light grey or gold

1672:

intends to convert its customers in Japan to using heated tobacco products.

381:

comparable to regular cigarettes; they have also been found to contain more

7610: 7398: 7330: 7287: 7207: 7164: 7110: 7026: 6946: 6920: 6854: 6489: 6416: 6247: 6168: 6111: 6051: 5952: 5718:"Here's Why the Worst Might Be Yet to Come for Philip Morris International" 5657:"Weed tech heats up with a new smart vaporizer from Apple, Microsoft alums" 5596: 5327: 5301: 5159: 5094: 5047: 4988: 4930: 4838: 4812: 4740: 4686: 4639: 4544: 4460: 4417: 4317: 4249: 4140: 3903: 3809: 3765: 3652: 3577: 3518: 3385: 3267: 3224: 3144: 3068: 2998: 2896: 2884: 2806: 2741: 2640: 2530: 2466: 2440: 2409: 2331: 2244: 2187: 2130: 2113: 2096: 2039: 1618:

Google searches for heat-not-burn tobacco (heated tobacco) outpace rise of

1537: 1234: 871: 550: 402: 394: 382: 7727:"New Zealand court gives Philip Morris nod to sell heated tobacco product" 7445:"Orgs slam Litzman for allowing sale of iQOS heated, smokeless cigarettes" 6992:"Perplexing Conclusions Concerning Heat-Not-Burn Tobacco Cigarettes—Reply" 6191:"Addictive nicotine and harmful substances also present in heated tobacco" 4232: 4215: 3876: 2288:

Simonavicius, Erikas; McNeill, Ann; Shahab, Lion; Brose, Leonie S (2018).

564:

causes deteriorating mood and creates a craving for nicotine consumption.

365:

Heated tobacco products expose the user and bystanders to an aerosol. The

72: 8132: 6672: 5860:"Philip Morris unveils new smokeless cigarettes in a bid to rev up sales" 4431:

Katz, Mitchell H. (July 2017). "No Smoke—Just Cancer-Causing Chemicals".

3181:

Elias, Jesse; Dutra, Lauren M; St. Helen, Gideon; Ling, Pamela M (2018).

1763: 1127: 832:

The Premier product concept was developed further and re-launched as the

802: 614: 406: 279: 7487:"Justice Ministry says iQOS product will be treated as ordinary tobacco" 6759: 6469:"Smoke Up: An Interview With The Creator Of The Ultracool Pax Vaporizer" 5504:"Revealed: tobacco giant's secret new weapon in the age of smoking bans" 3100: 2203:"Acute eosinophilic pneumonia following heat-not-burn cigarette smoking" 1946:. World Health Organization. 12 July 2016. pp. 1–11. Archived from 1770:

In the United States, these products fall under the jurisdiction of the

456:

in HTP emissions, overuse (40 tobacco sticks per day) can still lead to

203:

product that heats the tobacco at a lower temperature than conventional

6665:"Imperial Brands aims to convince smokers to switch to vaping products" 6549:"Want to microdose marijuana? This company is making it easier for you" 6473: 6278:"Scientists describe problems in Philip Morris e-cigarette experiments" 6094: 6077: 5370:"Is This The Cigarette Of The Future, And Will The FDA Let You Buy It?" 4501:

Popova, Lucy; Lempert, Lauren Kass; Glantz, Stanton A (November 2018).

2095:

Jenssen, Brian P.; Walley, Susan C.; McGrath-Morrow, Sharon A. (2017).

1902:

McNeill, A; Brose, LS; Calder, R; Bauld, L; Robson, D (February 2018).

1590: 1218:

patented plant particle as a carrier, added flavourants and additives.

875: 667: 638: 582: 445: 441: 437: 378: 259: 7261: 6371:"The iSmoke OneHitter, iSmoke "3-in-1" and iSmoke Oven join portfolio" 4947:"Non-cigarette tobacco use among women and adverse pregnancy outcomes" 4897:"Tobacco use disorder and treatment: New challenges and opportunities" 4724: 3337: 3335: 3333: 998:

IQOS, consisting of a charger, a heater and a small tobacco cigarette.

7802: 6221: 5908: 5592:"Philip Morris's vision of cigarette-free future met with scepticism" 4754:

Mulier, Thomas; Chambers, Sam; Liefgreen, Liefgreen (24 March 2016).

3592: by Sébastien Queloz and Jean-François Etter available under the 2218: 663: 473: 224: 204: 7143:; Redberg, RF (6 November 2017). "Science Requires Open Discourse". 5677:"BAT finds strong Japan demand for its Glo smokeless tobacco device" 5063:"iQOS: evidence of pyrolysis and release of a toxicant from plastic" 5061:

Davis, Barbara; Williams, Monique; Talbot, Prue (20 February 2018).

1975:

Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment

1086:

Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment

755: 6691:"Philip Morris Plunges the Most in a Decade on Slump in Cigarettes" 6668: 6552: 5427: 5264: 4177:"'Heat-not-burn' cigarettes still release cancer-causing chemicals" 3330: 3096: 3094: 2838: 1165: 814: 806: 712: 696: 642: 606: 477: 453: 449: 432: 414: 398: 370: 208: 7856: 4155: by Stella A Bialous and Stanton A Glantz available under the 1904:"Evidence review of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products 2018" 7919: 7904: 7873: 7470: 6962:"Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020" 6886:"Burning Issues: the Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020" 6739: 5824:"Philip Morris Sees $ 700 Million Boost From iQOS Smoking Device" 5684: 5508: 4878:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

4290:

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz

3183:"Revolution or redux? Assessing IQOS through a precursor product" 2611:

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz

2604: 2264: 1594: 1240: 1096: 937:

but not as much nicotine compared with a tank-style e-cigarette.

818: 810: 650: 646: 602: 422: 366: 212: 200: 6902: 4376:"Heat-not-burn tobacco products: a systematic literature review" 4345:"ASH reaction to new Philip Morris IQOS 'heat not burn' product" 3721: 3091: 3024: 2290:"Heat-not-burn tobacco products: a systematic literature review" 1640:

Temporary smoking room and a sales promotion of glo at the 2016

7962: 7831: 7760: 7549: 7414:"Philip Morris International Bets Big On The Future Of Smoking" 7177: 6434: 6413:"KT&G launches e-cigarette brand to take on foreign rivals" 5968:"Will 2018 Be Philip Morris International Inc's Best Year Yet?" 5473: 2151: 1056: 874:

and was said to heat specially-designed cigarettes rather than

7566:. Ministry of Health (Singapore). 28 July 2016. Archived from 5565:"Has Philip Morris Learned from Heat-not-Burn Tobacco's Past?" 4373: 2965:"Le tabac chauffé : revue systématique de la littérature" 2958: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2936: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2287: 211:, which is a highly addictive chemical. The heat generates an 7846: 7771: 6530:"How two guys from Stanford built the 'iPhone of vaporizers'" 2928: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2914: 2912: 2910: 2260:"What Is a Heat-Not-Burn Cigarette and Can It Help You Quit?" 2201:

Kamada, Takahiro; Yamashita, Yosuke; Tomioka, Hiromi (2016).

2154:"Role of testing standards in smoke-free product assessments" 1060: 942: 856: 782:' Heatbar pictured without a specifically designed cigarette. 657:

mouthpiece, which mimics the feel of a traditional cigarette.

351:, even though it found HTPs to be less harmful than smoking. 216: 6275: 5622:"What you need to know about Heat-not-Burn (HNB) cigarettes" 5525:"Philip Morris Is Releasing A Bunch Of Crazy New Cigarettes" 4871:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 11 March 2019. 4595: 323:

for HTPs compared with traditional cigarettes were based on

8083: 6598:"Japan Tobacco ratchets up smokeless war with new products" 5911:"Heat-Not-Burn Tobacco Cigarettes: Smoke by Any Other Name" 5863: 5661: 4771:"Philip Morris device knows a lot about your smoking habit" 4710: 3474: 3451:"Tobacco company charged over importing prohibited product" 2487:

Kaur, Gurjot; Muthumalage, Thivanka; Rahman, Irfan (2018).

2094: 1020: 1014: 1002: 7243: 6204:

Hendlin, Yogi Hale; Elias, Jesse; Ling, Pamela M. (2017).

4768: 3858:

Li, Gerard; Saad, Sonia; Oliver, Brian; Chen, Hui (2018).

3295:. United States Food and Drug Administration. 16 May 2019. 3237: 2907: 1995: 1856:

As of 2019, 49 countries have permitted the sale of IQOS.

1558:

Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction

994: 929:

HTPs use a heating system where the tobacco is heated and

773: 670:

occurs above 750 °C and results in the generation of

6511:"Pax 2 Vaporizer Review: It's Like Smoking In the Future" 6299: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5898: 5260:"Philip Morris could stop making conventional cigarettes" 5178: 4797:"Heat-Not-Burn Tobacco Products Are Getting Hot in Italy" 4794: 4582:. Committee on Toxicity. 11 December 2017. pp. 1–10. 4472: 4470: 4261: 4259: 3984: 3982: 3980: 3103:"Interventions to reduce harm from continued tobacco use" 2283: 2281: 2279: 2277: 2275: 761:

Steam Hot One, a Japanese variant of the Eclipse made by

409:

are also found in HTPs. A 2017 study found a 10% rise in

6133:

Dautzenberg, B.; Dautzenberg, M.-D. (11 November 2018).

6126: 4045: 4043: 4041: 4039: 4037: 2834: 2832: 2830: 2828: 2826: 2824: 1969:[Alternative tobacco products: harm reduction?] 1660:, director of the Asian Consultancy on Tobacco Control. 1235:

Comparison to mainstream smoke of traditional cigarettes

8247:

Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products

7424: 7231:"Big Tobacco Wants to Turn Japan's Smokers Into Vapers" 6431:"KT&G launches sales of new tobacco-heating device" 5787:"Why Philip Morris's iQOS Sales in Japan Are Promising" 4753: 3180: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3012: 3010: 3008: 2365: 1064: 691:

times the amount of water and about half the amount of

7708:"iQOS may not be as harm-free as claimed, study finds" 7675:(1465). New Zealand Medical Journal. 10 November 2017. 7546:"Why Is Korea Easier To Conquer For iQOS Than Europe?" 7067:

Berg, Carla J.; Bar-Zeev, Yael; Levine, Hagai (2020).

6990:

Auer, Reto; Cornuz, Jacques; Berthet, Aurélie (2017).

6263:"The FDA Moves Forward With Philip Morris iQOS Review" 6132: 5895: 5489:"Anti-smoking body attacks smokeless cigarette device" 4895:

Ziedonis, Douglas; Das, Smita; Larkin, Celine (2017).

4706: 4704: 4482: 4467: 4256: 3977: 2962: 2482: 2480: 2478: 2476: 2272: 2200: 703:

researchers stated their IQOS product produces smoke.

250:

report did not find any evidence to support claims of

7484: 7436: 6896: 6075: 5879:"Philip Morris unveils smoke-free cigarette in Korea" 5230:"Little Smoke, Little Tar, but Full Dose of Nicotine" 4092: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4080: 4078: 4034: 3318: 3308: 3306: 3304: 3302: 2821: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2578: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2570: 2568: 2566: 2564: 2562: 2560: 2486: 1200:

was developing a heated tobacco product named Pulze.

1032: 1023: 1017: 7171: 7062: 7060: 6885: 5253: 5251: 5001: 4655: 4591: 4589: 4556: 4554: 4192: 4190: 4076: 4074: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4066: 4064: 4062: 4060: 4058: 3931: 3929: 3705: 3703: 3005: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2145: 585:, and abnormal brain growth. Nicotine may result in 7737: 6800: 6206:"The Pharmaceuticalization of the Tobacco Industry" 5772:"5 Things Every Philip Morris Investor Should Know" 5279: 5277: 5275: 5060: 4701: 4500: 3967: 3965: 2473: 2090: 2088: 2086: 2084: 2082: 2080: 2078: 2076: 2074: 1011: 7066: 6406: 6404: 6014: 5590:Davies, Rob; Monaghan, Angela (30 November 2016). 5491:. Tobacco Journal International. 11 December 2007. 4943: 4651: 4649: 4282: 4280: 4278: 4276: 4274: 3690:"Heated tobacco products (HTPs) information sheet" 3299: 3231: 3176: 3174: 2194: 1819:HTPs are not restricted for sale in Israel by the 855:Japan, and renamed it Oasis. The battery-powered, 7463: 7237: 7057: 6989: 6796: 6794: 6792: 6790: 6788: 6786: 6784: 6782: 6780: 6296:"FDA Panel Gives Qualified Support To Claims For" 6197: 6071: 6069: 5837:Uranaka, Taiga; Ando, Ritsuko (22 October 2018). 5747:"Philip Morris Int'l to Sell Marlboro HeatSticks" 5732:"Innovation Drives BAT's $ 47 Billion Bid -- WSJ" 5248: 4894: 4586: 4551: 4187: 4055: 3926: 3700: 3470: 3468: 3466: 3172: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3162: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3154: 2689: 2537: 2361: 2359: 2357: 1888:"WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2019" 1776:Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act 282:may or may not apply to heated tobacco products. 8335: 7442: 7133: 6508: 6254: 6203: 5390:. Tobacco Journal International. 5 January 2015. 5272: 4869:"What Do We Know About Heated Tobacco Products?" 3962: 3857: 3532:Queloz, Sébastien; Etter, Jean-François (2019). 2071: 1122: 825:and other organizations recommended that the US 266:suggests that it would be better for smokers to 6983: 6703: 6410: 6401: 6004:"Philip Morris rolls out iQOS smokeless smokes" 4890: 4888: 4646: 4271: 4170: 4168: 4166: 3525: 3287: 3285: 2775: 1967:"Alternatieve tabaksproducten: harm reduction?" 1586:strategies typically framed around cigarettes. 1164:In 2010, the company Ploom (later rebranded as 1082:harmful constituents as tobacco cigarette smoke 986:and heats tobacco to approximately 35 °C. 361:Composition of heated tobacco product emissions 7580: 7539: 7537: 7357:"Heated tobacco products: the example of IQOS" 7350: 7348: 7038: 7036: 6777: 6684: 6682: 6633:Uranaka, Taiga; Sarkar, Himani (29 May 2017). 6583:"JT announces launch of next-generation Ploom" 6388: 6386: 6384: 6319:. Food and Drug Administration. 30 April 2019. 6066: 5822:Mulier, Thomas; Thesing, Gabi (26 June 2014). 5738: 5709: 5696: 5694: 5589: 4995: 4937: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4784: 4288:the German population (the DEBRA study)]. 3853: 3851: 3849: 3847: 3600: 3463: 3151: 2676: 2674: 2416: 2354: 1265:Traditional Cigarettes (Counts et al. 2005; ) 7787: 7646: 7564:"Singapore Enhances Tobacco Control Measures" 7515: 6968: 6632: 6574: 6521: 6269: 6020: 5821: 5802: 5800: 5798: 5796: 5615: 5613: 5611: 5609: 5607: 5406:"Reynolds ends Revo test market in Wisconsin" 5399: 5397: 5257: 5109: 4951:Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 4209: 4207: 4205: 4097:Bialous, Stella A; Glantz, Stanton A (2018). 4096: 3845: 3843: 3841: 3839: 3837: 3835: 3833: 3831: 3829: 3827: 3783: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3775: 2695: 1702:Clean (white, bright blue), stylish, elegant 894:been a response to the growing popularity of 7718: 6626: 6589: 6559: 5870: 5830: 5424:"Reynolds launching heat-not-burn cigarette" 5283: 4885: 4762: 4163: 3941: 3282: 2963:Dautzenberg, B.; Dautzenberg, M.-D. (2018). 2769: 1989: 829:(FDA) restrict it or classify it as a drug. 304:unclear as to what the short- and long-term 254:compared to conventional cigarettes. A 2018 8237:WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control 7574: 7543: 7534: 7345: 7139: 7042: 7033: 6697: 6679: 6540: 6381: 6328: 6326: 6311: 6309: 5980: 5959: 5851: 5836: 5691: 5628: 5567:. Euromonitor International. Archived from 5556: 5495: 5416: 5172: 4781: 4571: 4569: 4286: 3684: 3682: 3531: 3397: 3395: 2748: 2671: 2422: 904:WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control 60:Learn how and when to remove these messages 7794: 7780: 7294: 6502: 6448: 6446: 6444: 5815: 5793: 5744: 5604: 5394: 5361: 4747: 4339: 4337: 4335: 4202: 4015: 4013: 4011: 4009: 4007: 4005: 4003: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3824: 3772: 3680: 3678: 3676: 3674: 3672: 3670: 3668: 3666: 3664: 3662: 3606: 3445: 3443: 2696:Jenssen, Brian P.; Boykan, Rachel (2019). 1544:= nicotine-free dried particulate matter. 978:, stated that the proposed acquisition of 143:. Please do not remove this message until 8142: 7661: 7634:"Legality of tobacco product in question" 7556: 7388: 7277: 7100: 6936: 6844: 6826: 6350: 6344: 6260: 6237: 6183: 6150: 6093: 5942: 5769: 5715: 5648: 5317: 5149: 5115: 5054: 5037: 5019: 4978: 4920: 4828: 4629: 4534: 4407: 4231: 4130: 3893: 3875: 3755: 3642: 3624: 3607:Unger, Michael; Unger, Darian W. (2018). 3567: 3549: 3508: 3367: 3214: 3134: 3058: 2980: 2874: 2856: 2731: 2713: 2622: 2520: 2456: 2399: 2321: 2234: 2169: 2112: 2029: 1735:Packed as traditional cigarette, stylish 589:to the neurological growth of the fetus. 467: 448:and their metabolic enzymes, and several 181:Learn how and when to remove this message 163:Learn how and when to remove this message 7958:Cigarette smoking among college students 7700: 7655:"iQos heatsticks declared illegal in NZ" 7521: 6974: 6580: 6527: 6423: 6323: 6306: 5995: 5636:"10 Best Weed Vaporizers to Buy in 2019" 5562: 5334: 4566: 4424: 4174: 3947: 3392: 2683:"BAT to launch its HnB device in Russia" 2257: 1635: 1551: 993: 919: 722:Tobacco film (right side) following use. 717: 628: 289: 139:Relevant discussion may be found on the 7724: 7652: 7443:Siegel-Itzkovich, Judy (2 March 2017). 7430: 6959: 6890:Global State of Tiobacco Harm Reduction 6595: 6487: 6441: 6288: 5876: 5700: 5669: 5501: 5466: 5347:. Kogan Page Publishers. pp. 51–. 5258:O'Connell, Dominic (30 November 2016). 5194:"'Smokeless' Cigarette's Hapless Start" 4861: 4659:American Journal of Preventive Medicine 4488: 4476: 4332: 4265: 4049: 3994: 3988: 3659: 3440: 3422: 3324: 3107:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2680: 2251: 2046: 1901: 1262:Tobacco sticks (Mallock et al. 2018; ) 1140:Korea Tobacco & Ginseng Corporation 885:In years leading up to 2018, increased 847:The Steam Hot One was sold in Japan by 653:film filter cools the aerosol. D: Soft 8336: 7485:Judy Siegel-Itzkovich (3 April 2018). 7411: 7354: 6717: 6715: 6688: 6565: 6546: 6392: 6340:. Harbor Communications. 4 March 2015. 5986: 5965: 5857: 5806: 5784: 5619: 5543: 5403: 5367: 5192:McGill, Douglas C (19 November 1988). 5191: 5173:Parker-Pope, Tara (10 February 2001). 4213: 3787: 2754: 2158:Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 545:take more puffs at shorter intervals. 7775: 7631: 7464:Ronny Linder-Ganz (16 January 2018). 7300: 6466: 5654: 5522: 5228:Hilts, Philip J. (27 November 1994). 5227: 5116:Elias, Jesse; Ling, Pamela M (2018). 2429:Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 1928:. 2017. pp. 1–52. Archived from 948: 8308: 7743: 5858:LaVito, Angelica (22 October 2018). 5745:Felberbaum, Michael (26 June 2014). 5701:Caruana, Diane (25 September 2018). 5340: 4560: 4430: 4196: 3935: 3401: 3312: 2423:Paumgartten, Francisco J.R. (2018). 2052: 1965: 1917: 861:Surgeon General of the United States 231:that can use both solid tobacco and 113: 66: 25: 8222:Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement 7228: 6883: 6712: 6454:"New HNB Device from China Tobacco" 6411:Song Seung-hyun (7 November 2017). 6082:CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 6001: 5807:LaVito, Angelica (4 October 2019). 5770:Caplinger, Dan (23 November 2015). 5563:MacGuill, Shane (23 January 2014). 5467:Pollack, Juddan (27 October 1997). 3971: 3709: 2845:JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 1939: 1886: 1171: 1107: 13: 8227:Tobacco packaging warning messages 7855: 7653:Caruana, Diane (3 February 2017). 7632:Elder, Vaughan (13 January 2017). 7524:"IQOS available in Seoul Saturday" 7373:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054601 7315:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054602 7192:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054216 6689:Kaplan, Jennifer (19 April 2018). 6596:Uranaka, Taiga (16 January 2019). 6581:Tuinstra, Taco (26 January 2016). 5755:. Associated Press. Archived from 5620:Harlay, Jérôme (9 November 2016). 5388:"New heat-not-burn brand from RAI" 5134:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054433 5079:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054104 4901:Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 4614:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-053947 4519:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054324 4392:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054419 4351:. 30 November 2016. Archived from 4115:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054340 3948:Marinova, Polina (22 April 2019). 3802:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053264 3740:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054321 3199:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054327 3043:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054321 2681:Caruana, Diane (25 October 2017). 2306:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054419 2014:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054317 532:substitution for current smokers. 528:among never-smokers rather than a 444:lipids and proteins, inflammatory 272:air emissions from the use of HTPs 14: 8380: 8001:Cigarette smoking for weight loss 7753: 7725:Zaharia, Marius (27 March 2018). 7544:Trefis Team (13 September 2017). 7309:(6): tobaccocontrol–2018–054602. 7186:(2): tobaccocontrol–2017–054216. 6509:Adam Clark Estes (23 July 2015). 6024:Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 5785:Nathan, Ralph (12 October 2016). 5502:Houston, Cameron (27 June 2007). 5284:Anderson, S J; Ling, P M (2008). 5073:(1): tobaccocontrol–2017–054104. 4913:10.31887/DCNS.2017.19.3/dziedonis 4030:. 11 December 2017. pp. 1–4. 3369:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.039 2755:Craver, Richard (2 August 2015). 2300:(5): tobaccocontrol–2018–054419. 1800:about them, should be regulated. 1699:Reduced risk product, innovative 1159: 611:nicotinic acetylcholine receptors 539: 493:Ministry of Health in New Zealand 285: 41:This article has multiple issues. 8307: 8298: 8297: 8275:Countries by tobacco consumption 8212:Smoking bans in private vehicles 7759: 7625: 7595:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.01.003 7497: 7478: 7457: 7405: 7222: 7121: This article incorporates 7116: 6953: 6877: 6865: This article incorporates 6860: 6752: 6733: 6657: 6608: 6568:"Blending nature and technology" 6566:Rossel, Stefanie (1 July 2016). 6481: 6460: 6395:"Heat-Not-Burn: Back to Tobacco" 6363: 6139:Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 5987:Rossel, Stefanie (1 June 2016). 5966:Duprey, Rich (9 December 2017). 5404:Craver, Richard (28 July 2015). 4873: 4849: This article incorporates 4844: 4220:Advances in Respiratory Medicine 4151: This article incorporates 4146: 3914: This article incorporates 3909: 3588: This article incorporates 3583: 3493:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.005 3079: This article incorporates 3074: 2969:Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 2895: This article incorporates 2890: 2659: This article incorporates 2654: 2342: This article incorporates 2337: 1926:Ministry of Health (New Zealand) 1851:Smoke-free Environments Act 1990 1789:Los Angeles County Health Agency 1611: 1007: 813:containing more than 50 percent 772: 754: 118: 71: 30: 7968:Smoking in association football 7412:Fisher, Daniel (16 June 2014). 7157:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.5763 7045:"New forms of smoking catch on" 7011:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.5861 6704:Stefanie Rossel (1 June 2017). 6616:"JT to expand Ploom TECH sales" 6528:Stenovec, Tim (12 March 2016). 6393:Schmid, Thomas (6 March 2019). 5927:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.1419 5778: 5763: 5724: 5583: 5544:Cooper, Ted (1 February 2014). 5537: 5516: 5481: 5460: 5438: 5380: 5221: 5185: 5175:""Safer" Cigarettes: A History" 5166: 4494: 4445:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.1425 4367: 3715: 2053:Kary, Tiffany (18 April 2019). 1880: 1866: 916:List of heated tobacco products 624: 321:lowered risk or health benefits 252:lowered risk or health benefits 49:or discuss these issues on the 7801: 7522:Jae-hyuk, Park (26 May 2017). 7229:Yui, Monami (28 August 2016). 6547:Taylor, Chris (19 June 2018). 6488:Lavrinc, Damon (1 July 2013). 6437:News Agency. 11 November 2017. 6261:Caplinger, Dan (26 May 2017). 6002:Tai, Mariko (31 August 2015). 5716:Caplinger, Dan (31 May 2017). 5368:Fisher, Daniel (29 May 2014). 4175:Rapaport, Lisa (26 May 2017). 3119:10.1002/14651858.CD005231.pub3 1836:Ministry of Health and Welfare 1055:Initially launched in 2014 in 1: 6741:WO application 2019179532 6036:10.1080/15376516.2019.1669245 5703:"BAT Launches Glo in Ukraine" 2791:10.1080/08958378.2019.1572840 1982: 1757: 1547: 1188:'s Ploom product as of 2017. 1093:modified risk tobacco product 574:nicotine replacement products 558:Nicotine replacement products 347:, it recommends that smokers 319:report stated that claims of 8099:Nicotine replacement therapy 7583:Journal of Adolescent Health 6828:10.1371/journal.pone.0185735 6467:Biggs, John (17 June 2012). 6456:. Tobacco Asia. 30 May 2019. 5877:Hyo-sik, Lee (17 May 2017). 5844:U.S. News & World Report 4671:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.04.031 3252:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.137 2505:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.025 1897:. July 2019. pp. 1–209. 1780:Action on Smoking and Health 1772:Food and Drug Administration 1631: 827:Food and Drug Administration 823:American Medical Association 701:Phillip Morris International 567: 354: 329:Action on Smoking and Health 7: 8359:Products introduced in 2014 8270:Cigarette smoke carcinogens 7043:Jane Cheung (24 May 2019). 6764:NEAFS | Tobacco Free Sticks 6357:Convenience Store Decisions 6338:Convenience Store Decisions 6210:Annals of Internal Medicine 5655:Crist, Ry (20 April 2019). 5523:Lubin, Gus (25 June 2012). 3613:Journal of Thoracic Disease 3481:Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2258:Meg Neal (2 January 2015). 2171:10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.06.021 1778:of 2016. In the same year, 1642:Sendai Pageant of Starlight 1186:Japan Tobacco International 1041:Philip Morris International 909: 889:measures have directed the 868:Philip Morris International 510:Philip Morris International 145:conditions to do so are met 84:to comply with Knowledge's 10: 8385: 7355:Glantz, Stanton A (2018). 6351:CSD Staff (4 March 2015). 5450:R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. 1805:Tobacco Products Directive 1721:Smaller, smarter, sleeker 913: 745: 375:volatile organic compounds 358: 335:With an assorted range of 18: 8369:Tobacco smoke carcinogens 8293: 8257: 8202:Plain cigarette packaging 8187: 8107: 8049: 8026:Schizophrenia and smoking 7986: 7943: 7897: 7866: 7853: 7809: 6641:. Reuters. Archived from 6490:"Review: Ploom Model Two" 6353:"Consumer-Centric Vaping" 6334:"Consumer-Centric Vaping" 6152:10.1016/j.rmr.2018.10.010 5734:. ADVFN. 24 October 2016. 5021:10.1186/s13065-015-0096-1 5008:Chemistry Central Journal 4963:10.3109/00016341003605719 4756:"Marlboro Kicks Some Ash" 4302:10.1007/s00103-018-2827-7 3694:World Health Organization 3551:10.1186/s12889-019-6957-0 3408:. Kogan Page Publishers. 2982:10.1016/j.rmr.2018.10.010 2858:10.2196/publichealth.7359 2624:10.1007/s00103-018-2823-y 2384:10.1007/s00204-018-2215-y 1895:World Health Organization 1259: 1116: 317:World Health Organization 248:World Health Organization 207:. These products contain 8217:Tobacco control movement 7085:10.1177/2158244019898823 6975:speccomm (28 May 2019). 6359:. Harbor Communications. 2207:Respirology Case Reports 1859: 1829:Liberal Democratic Party 1774:(FDA) as amended by the 1724:Design, elegant and fun 1212: 1203: 1191: 967:British American Tobacco 472:HTPs contain the highly 325:industry-funded research 264:UK Committee on Toxicity 97:may contain suggestions. 82:may need to be rewritten 19:Not to be confused with 8349:Heated tobacco products 8127:Disinformation playbook 7766:Heated tobacco products 6960:Shapiro, Harry (2020). 6909:Journal of Epidemiology 4801:Journal of Epidemiology 3626:10.21037/jtd.2018.07.99 3240:Environmental Pollution 2715:10.3390/children6020030 989: 699:after use. Until 2016, 517:Northeastern University 16:Type of tobacco product 8117:Cultivation of tobacco 8067:Heated tobacco product 8041:Tobacco harm reduction 7860: 7712:The New Zealand Herald 7688:Cite journal requires 7145:JAMA Internal Medicine 7079:(1): 215824401989882. 6999:JAMA Internal Medicine 6921:10.2188/jea.JE20180116 6375:Convenience Store News 5915:JAMA Internal Medicine 5302:10.1136/tc.2007.024273 4813:10.2188/jea.JE20180040 4433:JAMA Internal Medicine 4214:Górski, Paweł (2019). 4109:(Suppl 1): s111–s117. 3456:The New Zealand Herald 3193:(Suppl 1): s102–s110. 2441:10.26633/RPSP.2018.161 2372:Archives of Toxicology 2114:10.1542/peds.2017-2383 1977:. 2016. pp. 1–66. 1654:celebrity endorsements 1645: 1562: 1221: 1146: 1133: 999: 976:Wells Fargo Securities 960: 926: 723: 658: 468:Addiction and quitting 458:eosinophilic pneumonia 296: 197:heated tobacco product 8323:Electronic cigarettes 7859: 6300:National Public Radio 5410:Winston-Salem Journal 5128:(Suppl 1): s96–s101. 4233:10.5603/ARM.2019.0020 4028:Committee on Toxicity 3877:10.3390/toxics6030043 2779:Inhalation Toxicology 2762:Winston-Salem Journal 1911:Public Health England 1644:in Kōtōdai-kōen Park. 1639: 1620:electronic cigarettes 1555: 1239:Contents of selected 997: 923: 914:Further information: 721: 632: 592:Nicotine can lead to 359:Further information: 345:Committee on Toxicity 341:Public Health England 337:electronic cigarettes 293: 256:Public Health England 237:various types of HTPs 8364:Philip Morris brands 8089:Electronic cigarette 7768:at Wikimedia Commons 6729:. 17 September 2020. 5571:on 14 September 2017 4513:(Suppl 1): s87–s95. 3734:(Suppl 1): s30–s36. 3619:(S22): S2588–S2592. 3037:(Suppl 1): s30–s36. 2008:(Suppl 1): s26–s29. 935:cigalike e-cigarette 619:somatosensory cortex 243:instead of tobacco. 21:Electronic cigarette 8197:Cigarette smuggling 8122:Tobacco advertising 8006:Nicotine dependence 7511:. 8 September 2017. 6979:. Tobacco Reporter. 6819:2017PLoSO..1285735C 6708:. Tobacco Reporter. 6585:. Tobacco Reporter. 6570:. Tobacco Reporter. 6008:Nikkei Asian Review 5991:. Tobacco Reporter. 5434:. 14 November 2014. 5341:Haig, Matt (2005). 3402:Haig, Matt (2003). 3360:2018Chmsp.206..568K 1752:scientific evidence 1681: 1256: 799:smokeless cigarette 732:nicotine dependence 684:thermal degradation 562:Nicotine withdrawal 369:contains levels of 221:flavoring chemicals 132:of this article is 8011:Nicotine poisoning 7861: 7491:The Jerusalem Post 7450:The Jerusalem Post 7367:(Suppl 1): s1–s6. 6675:. 6 November 2018. 6622:. 10 October 2016. 6302:. 25 January 2018. 6265:. The Motley Fool. 6095:10.3322/caac.21413 5989:"All eyes on iQOS" 5774:. The Motley Fool. 5720:. The Motley Fool. 5234:The New York Times 5199:The New York Times 3436:. 26 January 2018. 3434:Kaiser Health News 2785:(13–14): 527–533. 2493:Toxicology Letters 1847:Ministry of Health 1840:Ministry of Health 1821:Ministry of Health 1787:, director of the 1679: 1646: 1563: 1538:particulate matter 1255: 1000: 949:Firefly vaporizers 927: 724: 659: 526:nicotine addiction 391:carbonyl compounds 297: 8331: 8330: 8207:Legal smoking age 8183: 8182: 8036:Smoking cessation 7973:Smoking fetishism 7764:Media related to 7639:Otago Daily Times 7262:10.1111/add.13394 7233:. Bloomberg News. 7005:(11): 1699–1700. 6760:"TEO Instruction" 6693:. Bloomberg News. 5826:. Bloomberg News. 5789:. Market Realist. 5354:978-0-7494-4433-4 4758:. Bloomberg News. 4725:10.1111/add.13231 4355:on 11 August 2018 4296:(11): 1407–1414. 3538:BMC Public Health 3415:978-0-7494-4433-4 2617:(11): 1422–1428. 1913:. pp. 1–243. 1739: 1738: 1602:growth expected. 1527: 1526: 1176:In January 2016, 880:second-hand smoke 842:Reynolds American 655:cellulose acetate 191: 190: 183: 173: 172: 165: 112: 111: 86:quality standards 64: 8376: 8354:Tobacco products 8311: 8310: 8301: 8300: 8265:Cigarette brands 8232:Tobacco politics 8140: 8139: 8109:Tobacco industry 8062:Herbal cigarette 8050:Related products 8031:Sidestream smoke 8021:Third-hand smoke 7796: 7789: 7782: 7773: 7772: 7763: 7747: 7741: 7735: 7734: 7722: 7716: 7715: 7714:. 14 March 2018. 7704: 7698: 7697: 7691: 7686: 7684: 7676: 7665: 7659: 7658: 7650: 7644: 7643: 7629: 7623: 7622: 7578: 7572: 7571: 7570:on 31 July 2017. 7560: 7554: 7553: 7541: 7532: 7531: 7519: 7513: 7512: 7501: 7495: 7494: 7482: 7476: 7475: 7461: 7455: 7454: 7440: 7434: 7428: 7422: 7421: 7409: 7403: 7402: 7392: 7352: 7343: 7342: 7298: 7292: 7291: 7281: 7241: 7235: 7234: 7226: 7220: 7219: 7175: 7169: 7168: 7137: 7131: 7120: 7114: 7104: 7064: 7055: 7054: 7040: 7031: 7030: 6996: 6987: 6981: 6980: 6972: 6966: 6965: 6957: 6951: 6950: 6940: 6900: 6894: 6893: 6884:Shapiro, Harry. 6881: 6875: 6864: 6858: 6848: 6830: 6813:(10): e0185735. 6798: 6775: 6774: 6772: 6770: 6756: 6750: 6749: 6748: 6744: 6737: 6731: 6730: 6719: 6710: 6709: 6706:"The heat is on" 6701: 6695: 6694: 6686: 6677: 6676: 6661: 6655: 6654: 6652: 6650: 6639:Channel NewsAsia 6630: 6624: 6623: 6620:Tobacco Reporter 6612: 6606: 6605: 6593: 6587: 6586: 6578: 6572: 6571: 6563: 6557: 6556: 6544: 6538: 6537: 6534:Business Insider 6525: 6519: 6518: 6506: 6500: 6499: 6485: 6479: 6478: 6464: 6458: 6457: 6450: 6439: 6438: 6427: 6421: 6420: 6408: 6399: 6398: 6390: 6379: 6378: 6367: 6361: 6360: 6348: 6342: 6341: 6330: 6321: 6320: 6313: 6304: 6303: 6292: 6286: 6285: 6273: 6267: 6266: 6258: 6252: 6251: 6241: 6222:10.7326/M17-0759 6201: 6195: 6194: 6187: 6181: 6180: 6154: 6130: 6124: 6123: 6097: 6073: 6064: 6063: 6018: 6012: 6011: 5999: 5993: 5992: 5984: 5978: 5977: 5973:Billings Gazette 5963: 5957: 5956: 5946: 5921:(7): 1050–1052. 5906: 5893: 5892: 5891:on 31 July 2017. 5887:. Archived from 5874: 5868: 5867: 5855: 5849: 5848: 5834: 5828: 5827: 5819: 5813: 5812: 5804: 5791: 5790: 5782: 5776: 5775: 5767: 5761: 5760: 5759:on 28 June 2014. 5742: 5736: 5735: 5728: 5722: 5721: 5713: 5707: 5706: 5698: 5689: 5688: 5687:. 22 March 2017. 5673: 5667: 5666: 5652: 5646: 5645: 5632: 5626: 5625: 5617: 5602: 5601: 5587: 5581: 5580: 5578: 5576: 5560: 5554: 5553: 5541: 5535: 5534: 5530:Business Insider 5520: 5514: 5513: 5499: 5493: 5492: 5485: 5479: 5478: 5464: 5458: 5457: 5456: 5452: 5442: 5436: 5435: 5432:Associated Press 5420: 5414: 5413: 5401: 5392: 5391: 5384: 5378: 5377: 5365: 5359: 5358: 5338: 5332: 5331: 5321: 5281: 5270: 5269: 5255: 5246: 5245: 5225: 5219: 5218: 5216: 5214: 5189: 5183: 5182: 5170: 5164: 5163: 5153: 5113: 5107: 5106: 5058: 5052: 5051: 5041: 5023: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4982: 4941: 4935: 4934: 4924: 4892: 4883: 4877: 4876: 4872: 4865: 4859: 4848: 4842: 4832: 4792: 4779: 4778: 4766: 4760: 4759: 4751: 4745: 4744: 4708: 4699: 4698: 4653: 4644: 4643: 4633: 4593: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4573: 4564: 4558: 4549: 4548: 4538: 4498: 4492: 4486: 4480: 4474: 4465: 4464: 4428: 4422: 4421: 4411: 4371: 4365: 4364: 4362: 4360: 4341: 4330: 4329: 4284: 4269: 4263: 4254: 4253: 4235: 4211: 4200: 4194: 4185: 4184: 4172: 4161: 4150: 4144: 4134: 4094: 4053: 4047: 4032: 4031: 4025: 4017: 3992: 3986: 3975: 3969: 3960: 3959: 3945: 3939: 3933: 3924: 3913: 3907: 3897: 3879: 3855: 3822: 3821: 3785: 3770: 3769: 3759: 3719: 3713: 3707: 3698: 3697: 3686: 3657: 3656: 3646: 3628: 3604: 3598: 3587: 3581: 3571: 3553: 3529: 3523: 3522: 3512: 3472: 3461: 3460: 3447: 3438: 3437: 3426: 3420: 3419: 3399: 3390: 3389: 3371: 3339: 3328: 3322: 3316: 3310: 3297: 3296: 3289: 3280: 3279: 3235: 3229: 3228: 3218: 3178: 3149: 3148: 3138: 3113:(12): CD005231. 3098: 3089: 3078: 3072: 3062: 3022: 3003: 3002: 2984: 2960: 2905: 2894: 2888: 2878: 2860: 2836: 2819: 2818: 2773: 2767: 2766: 2752: 2746: 2745: 2735: 2717: 2693: 2687: 2686: 2678: 2669: 2658: 2652: 2626: 2602: 2535: 2534: 2524: 2484: 2471: 2470: 2460: 2420: 2414: 2413: 2403: 2378:(6): 2145–2149. 2363: 2352: 2341: 2335: 2325: 2285: 2270: 2269: 2255: 2249: 2248: 2238: 2219:10.1002/rcr2.190 2198: 2192: 2191: 2173: 2149: 2143: 2142: 2116: 2107:(1): e20172383. 2092: 2069: 2068: 2050: 2044: 2043: 2033: 1993: 1978: 1972: 1962: 1960: 1958: 1952: 1945: 1936: 1935:on 17 June 2019. 1934: 1923: 1914: 1908: 1898: 1892: 1874: 1870: 1785:Mitchell H. Katz 1688:Marketing terms 1682: 1678: 1615: 1580:Tobacco industry 1257: 1254: 1226:The TEO heats a 1172:Ploom vaporizers 1124: 1108:iSmoke OneHitter 1074:propylene glycol 1043:(PMI) under the 1035: 1030: 1029: 1026: 1025: 1022: 1019: 1016: 1013: 891:tobacco industry 776: 758: 599:pancreatic islet 594:vasoconstriction 506:tobacco industry 482:quitting smoking 186: 179: 168: 161: 157: 154: 148: 122: 121: 114: 107: 104: 98: 75: 67: 56: 34: 33: 26: 8384: 8383: 8379: 8378: 8377: 8375: 8374: 8373: 8344:Cigarette types 8334: 8333: 8332: 8327: 8289: 8253: 8189: 8179: 8138: 8103: 8057:Candy cigarette 8045: 8016:Passive smoking 7982: 7978:Tobacco smoking 7939: 7935:Vending machine 7893: 7862: 7851: 7805: 7800: 7756: 7751: 7750: 7742: 7738: 7723: 7719: 7706: 7705: 7701: 7689: 7687: 7678: 7677: 7667: 7666: 7662: 7651: 7647: 7630: 7626: 7579: 7575: 7562: 7561: 7557: 7542: 7535: 7528:The Korea Times 7520: 7516: 7509:The Japan Times 7503: 7502: 7498: 7483: 7479: 7462: 7458: 7441: 7437: 7429: 7425: 7410: 7406: 7361:Tobacco Control 7353: 7346: 7303:Tobacco Control 7299: 7295: 7242: 7238: 7227: 7223: 7180:Tobacco Control 7176: 7172: 7138: 7134: 7065: 7058: 7041: 7034: 6994: 6988: 6984: 6973: 6969: 6958: 6954: 6915:(11): 444–450. 6901: 6897: 6882: 6878: 6799: 6778: 6768: 6766: 6758: 6757: 6753: 6746: 6738: 6734: 6721: 6720: 6713: 6702: 6698: 6687: 6680: 6663: 6662: 6658: 6648: 6646: 6645:on 31 July 2017 6631: 6627: 6614: 6613: 6609: 6594: 6590: 6579: 6575: 6564: 6560: 6545: 6541: 6526: 6522: 6507: 6503: 6486: 6482: 6465: 6461: 6452: 6451: 6442: 6429: 6428: 6424: 6409: 6402: 6397:. Tobacco Asia. 6391: 6382: 6369: 6368: 6364: 6349: 6345: 6332: 6331: 6324: 6315: 6314: 6307: 6294: 6293: 6289: 6274: 6270: 6259: 6255: 6202: 6198: 6189: 6188: 6184: 6131: 6127: 6074: 6067: 6019: 6015: 6000: 5996: 5985: 5981: 5964: 5960: 5907: 5896: 5884:The Korea Times 5875: 5871: 5856: 5852: 5835: 5831: 5820: 5816: 5805: 5794: 5783: 5779: 5768: 5764: 5743: 5739: 5730: 5729: 5725: 5714: 5710: 5699: 5692: 5681:The Japan Times 5675: 5674: 5670: 5653: 5649: 5634: 5633: 5629: 5618: 5605: 5588: 5584: 5574: 5572: 5561: 5557: 5550:The Motley Fool 5542: 5538: 5521: 5517: 5500: 5496: 5487: 5486: 5482: 5465: 5461: 5454: 5443: 5439: 5422: 5421: 5417: 5402: 5395: 5386: 5385: 5381: 5366: 5362: 5355: 5339: 5335: 5290:Tobacco Control 5282: 5273: 5256: 5249: 5226: 5222: 5212: 5210: 5190: 5186: 5171: 5167: 5122:Tobacco Control 5114: 5110: 5067:Tobacco Control 5059: 5055: 5000: 4996: 4942: 4938: 4893: 4886: 4874: 4867: 4866: 4862: 4793: 4782: 4767: 4763: 4752: 4748: 4709: 4702: 4654: 4647: 4608:(e1): e25–e33. 4602:Tobacco Control 4594: 4587: 4579: 4575: 4574: 4567: 4559: 4552: 4507:Tobacco Control 4499: 4495: 4487: 4483: 4475: 4468: 4429: 4425: 4380:Tobacco Control 4372: 4368: 4358: 4356: 4343: 4342: 4333: 4285: 4272: 4264: 4257: 4212: 4203: 4195: 4188: 4173: 4164: 4103:Tobacco Control 4095: 4056: 4048: 4035: 4023: 4019: 4018: 3995: 3987: 3978: 3970: 3963: 3946: 3942: 3934: 3927: 3856: 3825: 3790:Tobacco Control 3786: 3773: 3728:Tobacco Control 3720: 3716: 3708: 3701: 3688: 3687: 3660: 3605: 3601: 3530: 3526: 3473: 3464: 3449: 3448: 3441: 3428: 3427: 3423: 3416: 3400: 3393: 3340: 3331: 3323: 3319: 3311: 3300: 3291: 3290: 3283: 3236: 3232: 3187:Tobacco Control 3179: 3152: 3099: 3092: 3031:Tobacco Control 3023: 3006: 2961: 2908: 2837: 2822: 2774: 2770: 2753: 2749: 2694: 2690: 2679: 2672: 2603: 2538: 2485: 2474: 2421: 2417: 2364: 2355: 2294:Tobacco Control 2286: 2273: 2256: 2252: 2199: 2195: 2150: 2146: 2093: 2072: 2060:The Japan Times 2051: 2047: 2002:Tobacco Control 1994: 1990: 1985: 1970: 1956: 1954: 1953:on 8 March 2021 1950: 1943: 1932: 1921: 1906: 1890: 1883: 1878: 1877: 1871: 1867: 1862: 1793:Tobacco control 1760: 1743:tobacco control 1691:Product appeal 1634: 1623: 1616: 1599:Google searches 1584:tobacco control 1550: 1532: 1530: 1237: 1228:cigarette stick 1224: 1215: 1206: 1198:Imperial Brands 1194: 1174: 1162: 1149: 1136: 1119: 1110: 1101:clinical trials 1033: 1010: 1006: 992: 971:heating element 963: 951: 918: 912: 887:tobacco control 838:viral marketing 809:past processed 787: 786: 785: 784: 783: 777: 768: 767: 766: 759: 748: 676:carbon monoxide 637:. 70% tobacco, 627: 587:adverse effects 570: 542: 470: 411:carbon monoxide 363: 357: 349:completely stop 306:adverse effects 301:Cochrane review 288: 268:completely stop 187: 176: 175: 174: 169: 158: 152: 149: 138: 123: 119: 108: 102: 99: 89: 76: 35: 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8382: 8372: 8371: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8346: 8329: 8328: 8326: 8325: 8320: 8315: 8305: 8294: 8291: 8290: 8288: 8287: 8282: 8280:Rolling papers 8277: 8272: 8267: 8261: 8259: 8255: 8254: 8252: 8251: 8250: 8249: 8244: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8193: 8191: 8185: 8184: 8181: 8180: 8178: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8162: 8157: 8152: 8146: 8144: 8137: 8136: 8129: 8124: 8119: 8113: 8111: 8105: 8104: 8102: 8101: 8096: 8094:Nicotine pouch 8091: 8086: 8081: 8080: 8079: 8074: 8064: 8059: 8053: 8051: 8047: 8046: 8044: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8013: 8008: 8003: 7998: 7992: 7990: 7984: 7983: 7981: 7980: 7975: 7970: 7965: 7960: 7955: 7953:Cigarette card 7949: 7947: 7941: 7940: 7938: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7901: 7899: 7895: 7894: 7892: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7870: 7868: 7864: 7863: 7854: 7852: 7850: 7849: 7844: 7839: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7813: 7811: 7807: 7806: 7799: 7798: 7791: 7784: 7776: 7770: 7769: 7755: 7754:External links 7752: 7749: 7748: 7736: 7717: 7699: 7690:|journal= 7660: 7645: 7624: 7589:(6): S19–S27. 7573: 7555: 7533: 7514: 7496: 7477: 7456: 7435: 7433:, p. 201. 7423: 7404: 7344: 7293: 7236: 7221: 7170: 7132: 7056: 7032: 6982: 6967: 6952: 6895: 6876: 6776: 6751: 6732: 6711: 6696: 6678: 6656: 6625: 6607: 6588: 6573: 6558: 6539: 6520: 6501: 6480: 6459: 6440: 6422: 6400: 6380: 6362: 6343: 6322: 6305: 6287: 6268: 6253: 6216:(4): 278–280. 6196: 6182: 6125: 6088:(6): 449–471. 6065: 6013: 5994: 5979: 5958: 5894: 5869: 5850: 5829: 5814: 5792: 5777: 5762: 5737: 5723: 5708: 5690: 5668: 5647: 5644:. 11 May 2019. 5627: 5603: 5582: 5555: 5536: 5515: 5494: 5480: 5459: 5437: 5415: 5393: 5379: 5360: 5353: 5333: 5296:(4): 222–229. 5271: 5247: 5220: 5184: 5165: 5108: 5053: 4994: 4957:(4): 454–464. 4936: 4884: 4860: 4807:(5): 274–275. 4780: 4761: 4746: 4719:(4): 706–713. 4700: 4665:(4): 551–554. 4645: 4585: 4565: 4550: 4493: 4491:, p. 210. 4481: 4479:, p. 208. 4466: 4423: 4386:(5): 582–594. 4366: 4331: 4270: 4268:, p. 219. 4255: 4226:(2): 123–134. 4201: 4186: 4162: 4054: 4033: 3993: 3991:, p. 220. 3976: 3961: 3940: 3925: 3823: 3796:(5): 609–610. 3771: 3714: 3699: 3658: 3599: 3524: 3462: 3459:. 18 May 2017. 3439: 3421: 3414: 3391: 3329: 3317: 3298: 3281: 3230: 3150: 3090: 3004: 2906: 2820: 2768: 2747: 2688: 2670: 2536: 2472: 2415: 2353: 2271: 2250: 2193: 2144: 2070: 2065:Bloomberg News 2045: 1987: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1980: 1979: 1963: 1937: 1915: 1899: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1875: 1864: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1797:Stanton Glantz 1759: 1756: 1737: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1726: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1715: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1704: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1693: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1633: 1630: 1625: 1624: 1617: 1610: 1549: 1546: 1525: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1508: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1491: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1474: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1457: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1440: 1439: 1436: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1426:Crotonaldehyde 1423: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1406: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1389: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1372: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1355: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1345: 1342: 1338: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1325: 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J. Reynolds 962: 959: 950: 947: 911: 908: 795:R. J. Reynolds 778: 771: 770: 769: 760: 753: 752: 751: 750: 749: 747: 744: 672:carbon dioxide 626: 623: 569: 566: 541: 540:Nicotine yield 538: 530:harm reduction 489:gateway effect 469: 466: 356: 353: 287: 286:Health effects 284: 189: 188: 171: 170: 126: 124: 117: 110: 109: 79: 77: 70: 65: 39: 38: 36: 29: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8381: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8345: 8342: 8341: 8339: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8306: 8304: 8296: 8295: 8292: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8262: 8260: 8256: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8239: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8194: 8192: 8186: 8176: 8175:United States 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8147: 8145: 8141: 8134: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8114: 8112: 8110: 8106: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8069: 8068: 8065: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8054: 8052: 8048: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8032: 8029: 8027: 8024: 8022: 8019: 8017: 8014: 8012: 8009: 8007: 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7996:Chain smoking 7994: 7993: 7991: 7989: 7988:Health issues 7985: 7979: 7976: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7950: 7948: 7946: 7942: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7902: 7900: 7896: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7879:Rolling paper 7877: 7875: 7872: 7871: 7869: 7865: 7858: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7814: 7812: 7808: 7804: 7797: 7792: 7790: 7785: 7783: 7778: 7777: 7774: 7767: 7762: 7758: 7757: 7746:, p. ii. 7745: 7740: 7732: 7728: 7721: 7713: 7709: 7703: 7695: 7682: 7674: 7670: 7664: 7657:. VapingPost. 7656: 7649: 7641: 7640: 7635: 7628: 7620: 7616: 7612: 7608: 7604: 7600: 7596: 7592: 7588: 7584: 7577: 7569: 7565: 7559: 7551: 7547: 7540: 7538: 7529: 7525: 7518: 7510: 7506: 7500: 7492: 7488: 7481: 7473: 7472: 7467: 7460: 7452: 7451: 7446: 7439: 7432: 7427: 7419: 7415: 7408: 7400: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7382: 7378: 7374: 7370: 7366: 7362: 7358: 7351: 7349: 7340: 7336: 7332: 7328: 7324: 7320: 7316: 7312: 7308: 7304: 7297: 7289: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7271: 7267: 7263: 7259: 7255: 7251: 7247: 7240: 7232: 7225: 7217: 7213: 7209: 7205: 7201: 7197: 7193: 7189: 7185: 7181: 7174: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7154: 7150: 7146: 7142: 7136: 7130: 7128: 7124: 7119: 7112: 7108: 7103: 7098: 7094: 7090: 7086: 7082: 7078: 7074: 7070: 7063: 7061: 7052: 7051: 7046: 7039: 7037: 7028: 7024: 7020: 7016: 7012: 7008: 7004: 7000: 6993: 6986: 6978: 6971: 6963: 6956: 6948: 6944: 6939: 6934: 6930: 6926: 6922: 6918: 6914: 6910: 6906: 6899: 6891: 6887: 6880: 6874: 6872: 6868: 6863: 6856: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6838: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6820: 6816: 6812: 6808: 6804: 6797: 6795: 6793: 6791: 6789: 6787: 6785: 6783: 6781: 6765: 6761: 6755: 6742: 6736: 6728: 6724: 6718: 6716: 6707: 6700: 6692: 6685: 6683: 6674: 6670: 6666: 6660: 6644: 6640: 6636: 6629: 6621: 6617: 6611: 6603: 6599: 6592: 6584: 6577: 6569: 6562: 6554: 6550: 6543: 6535: 6531: 6524: 6516: 6512: 6505: 6497: 6496: 6491: 6484: 6476: 6475: 6470: 6463: 6455: 6449: 6447: 6445: 6436: 6432: 6426: 6418: 6414: 6407: 6405: 6396: 6389: 6387: 6385: 6376: 6372: 6366: 6358: 6354: 6347: 6339: 6335: 6329: 6327: 6318: 6312: 6310: 6301: 6297: 6291: 6283: 6279: 6272: 6264: 6257: 6249: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6231: 6227: 6223: 6219: 6215: 6211: 6207: 6200: 6192: 6186: 6178: 6174: 6170: 6166: 6162: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6145:(1): 82–103. 6144: 6140: 6136: 6129: 6121: 6117: 6113: 6109: 6105: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6079: 6072: 6070: 6061: 6057: 6053: 6049: 6045: 6041: 6037: 6033: 6029: 6025: 6017: 6009: 6005: 5998: 5990: 5983: 5975: 5974: 5969: 5962: 5954: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5936: 5932: 5928: 5924: 5920: 5916: 5912: 5905: 5903: 5901: 5899: 5890: 5886: 5885: 5880: 5873: 5865: 5861: 5854: 5846: 5845: 5840: 5833: 5825: 5818: 5810: 5803: 5801: 5799: 5797: 5788: 5781: 5773: 5766: 5758: 5754: 5753: 5748: 5741: 5733: 5727: 5719: 5712: 5705:. 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VapingPost. 5623: 5616: 5614: 5612: 5610: 5608: 5599: 5598: 5593: 5586: 5570: 5566: 5559: 5551: 5547: 5540: 5532: 5531: 5526: 5519: 5511: 5510: 5505: 5498: 5490: 5484: 5476: 5475: 5470: 5463: 5451: 5447: 5441: 5433: 5429: 5425: 5419: 5411: 5407: 5400: 5398: 5389: 5383: 5375: 5371: 5364: 5356: 5350: 5346: 5345: 5337: 5329: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5299: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5280: 5278: 5276: 5267: 5266: 5261: 5254: 5252: 5243: 5239: 5235: 5231: 5224: 5209: 5205: 5201: 5200: 5195: 5188: 5180: 5176: 5169: 5161: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5119: 5112: 5104: 5100: 5096: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5080: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5057: 5049: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5031: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5013: 5009: 5005: 4998: 4990: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4940: 4932: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4907:(3): 271–80. 4906: 4902: 4898: 4891: 4889: 4881: 4880:public domain 4870: 4864: 4858: 4856: 4852: 4847: 4840: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4810: 4806: 4802: 4798: 4791: 4789: 4787: 4785: 4776: 4772: 4765: 4757: 4750: 4742: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4707: 4705: 4696: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4652: 4650: 4641: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4592: 4590: 4578: 4572: 4570: 4562: 4557: 4555: 4546: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4520: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4497: 4490: 4485: 4478: 4473: 4471: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4427: 4419: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4370: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4340: 4338: 4336: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4292:(in German). 4291: 4283: 4281: 4279: 4277: 4275: 4267: 4262: 4260: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4210: 4208: 4206: 4198: 4193: 4191: 4182: 4178: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4160: 4158: 4154: 4149: 4142: 4138: 4133: 4128: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4100: 4093: 4091: 4089: 4087: 4085: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4077: 4075: 4073: 4071: 4069: 4067: 4065: 4063: 4061: 4059: 4052:, p. 23. 4051: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4040: 4038: 4029: 4022: 4016: 4014: 4012: 4010: 4008: 4006: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3990: 3985: 3983: 3981: 3973: 3968: 3966: 3957: 3956: 3951: 3944: 3937: 3932: 3930: 3923: 3921: 3917: 3912: 3905: 3901: 3896: 3891: 3887: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3854: 3852: 3850: 3848: 3846: 3844: 3842: 3840: 3838: 3836: 3834: 3832: 3830: 3828: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3767: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3718: 3712:, p. 54. 3711: 3706: 3704: 3695: 3691: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3675: 3673: 3671: 3669: 3667: 3665: 3663: 3654: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3627: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3603: 3597: 3595: 3591: 3586: 3579: 3575: 3570: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3528: 3520: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3471: 3469: 3467: 3458: 3457: 3452: 3446: 3444: 3435: 3431: 3425: 3417: 3411: 3407: 3406: 3398: 3396: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3370: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3338: 3336: 3334: 3327:, p. 30. 3326: 3321: 3315:, p. 36. 3314: 3309: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3294: 3288: 3286: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3234: 3226: 3222: 3217: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3177: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3157: 3155: 3146: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3097: 3095: 3088: 3086: 3082: 3077: 3070: 3066: 3061: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3011: 3009: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2983: 2978: 2975:(1): 82–103. 2974: 2971:(in French). 2970: 2966: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2947: 2945: 2943: 2941: 2939: 2937: 2935: 2933: 2931: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2915: 2913: 2911: 2904: 2902: 2898: 2893: 2886: 2882: 2877: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2859: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2835: 2833: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2825: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2772: 2764: 2763: 2758: 2751: 2743: 2739: 2734: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2716: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2692: 2685:. VapingPost. 2684: 2677: 2675: 2668: 2666: 2662: 2657: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2616: 2613:(in German). 2612: 2608: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2595: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2573: 2571: 2569: 2567: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2532: 2528: 2523: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2477: 2468: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2419: 2411: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2362: 2360: 2358: 2351: 2349: 2345: 2340: 2333: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2284: 2282: 2280: 2278: 2276: 2267: 2266: 2261: 2254: 2246: 2242: 2237: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2213:(6): e00190. 2212: 2208: 2204: 2197: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2148: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2115: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2091: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2083: 2081: 2079: 2077: 2075: 2066: 2062: 2061: 2056: 2049: 2041: 2037: 2032: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1992: 1988: 1976: 1968: 1964: 1949: 1942: 1938: 1931: 1927: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1905: 1900: 1896: 1889: 1885: 1884: 1869: 1865: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1848: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1832: 1830: 1824: 1822: 1817: 1814: 1808: 1806: 1801: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1768: 1765: 1755: 1753: 1747: 1744: 1734: 1732:Reduced risk 1731: 1728: 1727: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1716: 1712: 1710:Reduced risk 1709: 1706: 1705: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1694: 1690: 1687: 1685:Product name 1684: 1683: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1659: 1658:Judith Mackay 1655: 1650: 1643: 1638: 1629: 1621: 1614: 1609: 1608: 1607: 1603: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1587: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1574: 1570: 1568: 1561: 1559: 1554: 1545: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1509: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1492: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1475: 1471: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1443:1.3-Butadiene 1442: 1441: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1424: 1420: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1407: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1390: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1374: 1373: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1356: 1352: 1349: 1346: 1343: 1340: 1339: 1335: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1309: 1306: 1305: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1288: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1271: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1258: 1253: 1251: 1247: 1242: 1232: 1229: 1219: 1210: 1201: 1199: 1189: 1187: 1182: 1179: 1178:Japan Tobacco 1169: 1167: 1157: 1154: 1153:China Tobacco 1151:In May 2019, 1144: 1141: 1131: 1129: 1114: 1105: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1089: 1087: 1083: 1077: 1075: 1069: 1066: 1062: 1059:, Japan, and 1058: 1053: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1037: 1028: 1004: 996: 987: 983: 981: 977: 972: 968: 958: 956: 946: 944: 938: 936: 932: 922: 917: 907: 905: 899: 897: 892: 888: 883: 881: 877: 873: 869: 864: 862: 858: 852: 850: 849:Japan Tobacco 845: 843: 839: 835: 830: 828: 824: 820: 817:to create an 816: 812: 808: 804: 803:test-marketed 800: 796: 792: 781: 780:Philip Morris 775: 764: 763:Japan Tobacco 757: 743: 741: 735: 733: 729: 720: 716: 714: 708: 704: 702: 698: 694: 688: 685: 679: 678:, and water. 677: 673: 669: 665: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 636: 631: 622: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 595: 590: 588: 584: 580: 575: 565: 563: 559: 554: 552: 546: 537: 533: 531: 527: 521: 518: 513: 511: 507: 501: 497: 494: 490: 485: 483: 479: 475: 465: 461: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 434: 427: 424: 418: 416: 412: 408: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 362: 352: 350: 346: 342: 338: 333: 330: 326: 322: 318: 313: 309: 307: 302: 292: 283: 281: 275: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 244: 242: 238: 234: 228: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 193: 185: 182: 167: 164: 156: 146: 142: 136: 135: 131: 125: 116: 115: 106: 96: 92: 87: 83: 80:This article 78: 74: 69: 68: 63: 61: 54: 53: 48: 47: 42: 37: 28: 27: 22: 8285:Smoking bans 8066: 7739: 7730: 7720: 7711: 7702: 7681:cite journal 7672: 7663: 7648: 7637: 7627: 7586: 7582: 7576: 7568:the original 7558: 7527: 7517: 7508: 7499: 7490: 7480: 7469: 7459: 7448: 7438: 7431:McNeill 2018 7426: 7417: 7407: 7364: 7360: 7306: 7302: 7296: 7253: 7249: 7239: 7224: 7183: 7179: 7173: 7151:(1): 15–16. 7148: 7144: 7135: 7115: 7076: 7072: 7050:The Standard 7048: 7002: 6998: 6985: 6977:"Heating up" 6970: 6955: 6912: 6908: 6898: 6889: 6879: 6859: 6810: 6806: 6767:. Retrieved 6763: 6754: 6735: 6726: 6699: 6659: 6647:. Retrieved 6643:the original 6628: 6619: 6610: 6601: 6591: 6576: 6561: 6542: 6533: 6523: 6514: 6504: 6493: 6483: 6472: 6462: 6425: 6417:The Investor 6374: 6365: 6356: 6346: 6337: 6290: 6281: 6271: 6256: 6213: 6209: 6199: 6185: 6142: 6138: 6128: 6085: 6081: 6030:(2): 81–87. 6027: 6023: 6016: 6007: 5997: 5982: 5971: 5961: 5918: 5914: 5889:the original 5882: 5872: 5853: 5842: 5832: 5817: 5780: 5765: 5757:the original 5750: 5740: 5726: 5711: 5680: 5671: 5660: 5650: 5639: 5630: 5597:The Guardian 5595: 5585: 5573:. Retrieved 5569:the original 5558: 5539: 5528: 5518: 5507: 5497: 5483: 5472: 5462: 5440: 5418: 5409: 5382: 5373: 5363: 5343: 5336: 5293: 5289: 5263: 5233: 5223: 5211:. 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