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221:). He also organized numerous social activities, including singing societies, youth clubs, lecture courses, and early childhood education at the parish house. By the time of his retirement as rector, he had raised $ 25,000 to strengthen the church's endowment. He helped convene the Church League for Colored Work in the
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Phillips was the only Black member of
Philadelphia's Vice Commission, where he advocated for harsher criminal penalties, including forced labor for pickpockets and gamblers and flogging for procurers. He spoke against anti-Black lynching and urged African Americans to defend themselves if attacked by
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Phillips organized numerous social welfare programs to support poor parishioners, homeless people, and prisoners. He established the nation's first penny savings bank for
African Americans, expanded the Home for the Homeless (Philadelphia's only shelter for needy women and children of all races), and
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described
Phillips as "a man of sincerity and culture and of peculiar energy" who demonstrated skill with raising funds and other support for Black charitable causes amid the wealthy white community of Philadelphia. In his famed 1903 report on African American churches, Du Bois recognized Phillips
245:, "the APCW was effectively the first and only black-run crime prevention agency in Philadelphia." Muhammad criticizes Phillips' rhetoric about the class status of Black Southern migrants, whom Northern Black elites generally regarded as cruder and more criminally disposed.
240:
In 1905, Phillips became the first president of the
Association for the Protection of Colored Women (APCW), which sought to protect Black women, especially ones who had recently emigrated from the South, from being trafficked into prostitution. According to historian
324:
The Negro Church: Report of a Social Study Made Under the
Direction of Atlanta University; Together with the Proceedings of the Eighth Conference for the Study of the Negro Problems, Held at Atlanta University, May 26th,
252:. He co-founded the American Negro Historical Society in 1897 and served as the first treasurer of this association dedicated to studying and preserving materials on African American history and culture.
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and other Black luminaries among its congregants. A new church and mission were constructed on the northwestern corner of
Bainbridge Street and South 8th Street, with the cornerstone laid in 1883.
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Circa 1876, Phillips married Sarah “Sallie” Elizabeth Cole, scion of a distinguished Black family whose members attended St. Thomas where he was rector. Cole's sisters included physician
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in 1897, and when the league dissolved in 1912, Phillips was appointed
Archdeacon for Colored Work for the diocese. He also served the ninth rector of St. Thomas from 1912 to 1914.
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205:. After six months at St. Thomas, he became rector of the Church of the Crucifixion. Founded in 1847 as only the second predominantly Black church in the
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125:(March 11, 1847 – May 27, 1947) was an American social reformer and rector of the Church of the Crucifixion, an African American
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276:"the Negro priest of longest service in the Episcopal Church" and "one of the most valuable social reformers of the day."
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Phillips died at his
Philadelphia home on May 27, 1947, at the age of 100. Interment was at Merion Memorial Park in
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called
Phillips "one of the most important African American ministers that Pennsylvania has produced."
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and school principal Dora Cole. Henry and Sarah
Phillips had two sons, Harry and Theodore.
553:"Finding aid to the Leon Gardiner Collection of American Negro Historical Society Records"
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The Philadelphia Divinity School awarded Phillips an honorary degree in 1940. He held a
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424:"Funeral Saturday for Dr. Phillips: Negro Clergyman, 100, Died Tuesday In Phila. Home"
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189:, Phillips was ordained to the priesthood in the Episcopal Church in 1875 by Bishop
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The Condemnation of Blackness: Race, Crime, and the Making of Modern Urban America
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praised Phillips as "one of the most valuable social reformers of the day."
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Henry L. Phillips Historical Marker, 620 South 8th Street, Philadelphia
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in 1872. Baptized as a Roman Catholic and raised and confirmed as a
173:. He moved to the United States in 1870 and became a lay reader at
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Phillips retired in 1932 after more than fifty years of service.
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Soon after ordination, Phillips served as interim rector of the
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started the city's first gym for African Americans (later the
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Scharf, J. Thomas (John Thomas); Westcott, Thompson (1884).
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erected a commemorative marker outside the church in 1993.
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History of the Afro-American Group of the Episcopal Church
504:. Philadelphia: L. H. Everts & Company. p. 1355.
487:. Baltimore, MD: Church Advocate Press. pp. 115–116.
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American social reformer and Episcopal priest (1847–1947)
393:"Archdeacon Henry L. Phillips, Ninth Rector (1912-1914)"
360:. Baltimore, MD: Black Classic Press. pp. 35–36.
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African Americans in Pennsylvania: A History and Guide
328:. Atlanta, GA: Atlanta University Press. p. 202.
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581:Aristocrats of Color: The Black Elite, 1880–1920
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135:Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
250:Berean Manual Training and Industrial School
645:Activists for African-American civil rights
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481:Bragg, George F. (George Freeman) (1922).
397:The African Episcopal Church of St. Thomas
248:Phillips served as board secretary of the
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695:Lincoln University (Pennsylvania) alumni
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690:Jamaican emigrants to the United States
640:20th-century American Episcopal priests
630:19th-century American Episcopal priests
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455:"Men of the Month - Henry L. Phillips"
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203:African Episcopal Church of St. Thomas
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635:20th-century African-American people
625:19th-century African-American people
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700:People from Saint Elizabeth Parish
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501:History of Philadelphia, 1609-1884
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660:African-American Christian clergy
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453:Lattimer, L. R. (November 1912).
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321:Du Bois, W. E. Burghardt (1903).
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223:Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania
207:Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania
115:Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania
93:Lincoln University (Pennsylvania)
685:Episcopal Divinity School alumni
520:Muhammad, Khalil Gibran (2010).
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665:African-American Episcopalians
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650:African-American centenarians
578:Gatewood, Willard B. (1993).
354:Blockson, Charles L. (1994).
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175:St. Philip's Episcopal Church
183:Philadelphia Divinity School
97:Philadelphia Divinity School
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530:. pp. 177, 211, 221.
675:American social reformers
670:American Christian clergy
655:American men centenarians
300:Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania
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680:Clergy from Philadelphia
586:Indiana University Press
528:Harvard University Press
181:before enrolling in the
145:Early life and education
432:. 1947-05-29. p. 4
106:Priest, social reformer
256:Honors and recognition
243:Khalil Gibran Muhammad
159:Saint Elizabeth Parish
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59:Saint Elizabeth Parish
551:Willhem, Echevarria.
219:Christian Street YMCA
209:, the church counted
191:William Bacon Stevens
157:Phillips was born in
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123:Henry Laird Phillips
45:Henry Laird Phillips
281:Charles L. Blockson
232:Civic organizations
35:Phillips circa 1897
266:Lincoln University
262:Doctor of Divinity
171:Danish West Indies
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595:978-0-253-20850-7
537:978-0-674-03597-3
526:. Cambridge, MA:
367:978-0-933121-85-0
335:978-1-4679-2849-6
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273:W. E. B. Du Bois
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197:Clerical service
139:W. E. B. Du Bois
129:congregation in
127:Episcopal Church
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77:(aged 100)
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103:Occupation(s)
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400:. Retrieved
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293:Rebecca Cole
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264:degree from
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131:Philadelphia
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81:Philadelphia
75:(1947-05-27)
73:May 27, 1947
620:1947 deaths
615:1847 births
467:(1): 16–17.
167:Saint Croix
609:Categories
564:2023-06-06
460:The Crisis
436:2023-06-06
402:2023-06-06
306:References
279:Historian
51:1847-03-11
271:In 1899,
179:Manhattan
89:Education
187:Moravian
111:Employer
163:Jamaica
63:Jamaica
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133:. The
83:, U.S.
590:ISBN
532:ISBN
362:ISBN
330:ISBN
325:1903
70:Died
41:Born
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49:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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