147:
1457:
1177:
1646:
27:
390:
707:
401:. There are three mountain ranges —the Nassau Mountains to the north-east, the Lacovia Mountains to the west of the Nassau Mountains, and the Santa Cruz Mountains which, running south, divide the wide plain to end in a precipitous drop of 1,600 feet (490 m) at Lovers' Leap. The central and southern sections form an extensive
451:
to the north. The karstic zones are known to contain over 130 caves (Jamaica Cave
Register as of 2007 - from Fincham and JCO). These include Mexico Cave and Wallingford River Cave, near Balaclava, which are two associated sections of a major underground river that has its source in south Trelawny, as
331:
existence in the parish, as well as of 17th-century colonial
Spanish settlements. After 1655, when the English settled on the island, they concentrated on developing large sugar cane plantations with enslaved African workers. Today, buildings with 'Spanish wall' construction (masonry of limestone
503:
can be found here; St
Elizabeth probably has the greatest ethnic mixture in Jamaica. St. Elizabeth provides the best testimony of the Jamaican motto – "Out of many, one people". The Meskito (corrupted to ‘Mosquito’) Indians brought to Jamaica to help capture the
440:
then goes underground. It reappears briefly in several surrounding towns, but reemerges near
Balaclava and tumbles down gorges to the plain known as the Savannah, through the Great Morass and to the sea at Black River, the capital of the parish.
1163:
is one of the island's largest wetland freshwater ecosystems. Parts of the river can be explored by guided boat trip, where one can experience mangroves, and observe a host of wildlife, including salt water crocodiles, herons, and
512:, mulatto, English, and European inhabitants from the 17th century onwards, with the result that many observers feel that it has more people of mixed-race ancestry than can be found in any other part of the island.
604:. The Alpart alumina refinery was constructed in the 1960s at Nain and produces nearly 2 million tonnes of alumina annually for export. The replacement cost of building the refinery is approximately $ 2 billion.
1218:, one of the nations most reputable newspapers, lists St. Catherine as the largest with an area of 1,260 sq km, St. Ann as the second largest with 1200 sq km, and St. Elizabeth third with 1,185 km² (
854:
The Social
Development Commission's national grid of communities has sixty one communities in St. Elizabeth broken down into 465 districts. The communities which include major towns are:
1214:
The title of largest parish in
Jamaica has caused some confusion. The parishes of St. Catherine, Saint Elizabeth or St. Ann are usually ranked as the largest, depending on the source.
508:, were allowed to settle in southern St. Elizabeth in return for their assistance and given land grants in this parish. This parish has also attracted Dutch, Spanish, Indian,
1595:
1329:
428:, and measuring 53.4 kilometres (33.2 mi), it is one of the longest rivers in Jamaica. It is navigable for about 40 kilometres (25 mi), and is supported by many
1124:
is a cliff plunging several hundred metres into the sea, with an attached romantic legend of two young slaves jumping to their death rather than live apart. There is a
1664:
335:
St
Elizabeth became a prosperous parish, and Black River an important seaport. In addition to shipping sugar and molasses, Black River became the centre of the
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1106:
843:
827:
207:
198:
728:
1423:
1418:
804:
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1,212.6 km. The parish is divided into four electoral districts (constituencies), that is North-East, North-West, South-East and South-West.
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in the north of the parish, is also a tourist destination. The
Cockpit area was the site of Maroon settlements through much of the 18th century.
762:
1445:
809:
753:
The parish has 12 high schools and 75 primary level institutions as well as 167 early childhood institutions. Notable institutions include:
1131:
350:
St
Elizabeth was the first parish to have electric power, where it was first introduced in a house called Waterloo in Black River in 1893.
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was developed in the 17th century when local landowners planted bamboo on both sides of the road to provide shade during their travels.
814:
1413:
91:
1620:
1333:
1625:
63:
44:
70:
1226:. Accessed 9 April 2009). However, The Jamaica Library Service database ranks St Ann the largest with an area of 1212.6 km² (
535:, Chinese, and East Indians migrated to Saint Elizabeth. There are pockets of ethnic concentrations in the parish, including
1403:
1283:
1260:
1245:
782:
1230:
77:
1453:
1438:
1391:
110:
59:
1703:
146:
48:
1605:
572:
568:
564:
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328:
1708:
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1572:
1567:
1431:
371:
309:
1600:
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1491:
1125:
375:
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1539:
1408:
1219:
757:
433:
367:
313:
1519:
1511:
948:
556:
383:
382:. It covers an area of 1,212.4 km, making it Jamaica's second-largest parish, smaller only than
745:
tourism along the Black and YS rivers, and in the Great Morass, has been developed in recent years.
84:
1590:
1473:
767:
437:
379:
170:
1304:
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well as
Yardley Chase Caves near the foot of Lovers' Leap, and Peru Cave, near Goshen, which has
37:
1549:
1534:
432:
including Y.S., Broad, Grass and Horse Savannah. The river has its source in the mountains of
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1139:
900:
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in the parish, as is tomato canning; a plant is at Bull Savannah. The parish also cultivates
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425:
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1630:
883:
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180:
8:
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137:
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1147:
869:
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Saint Elizabeth originally included most of the southwest part of the island, but
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777:
344:
822:
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There are other alumina refineries close to the nearby town of Mandeville.
500:
692:
676:
632:
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The geology of the parish is primarily alluvial plains to the south, and
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914:
742:
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sand and stone between wooden frames) can still be seen in some areas.
51: in this article. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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864:
680:
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26:
1256:. Accessed 9 April 2009), and St. Catherine third with 1192.4 km² (
967:
675:. As a result of the fertile soil that provide for grazing fields,
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where it rises and flows west as the border between Manchester and
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1241:. Accessed 9 April 2009), St. Elizabeth second with 1212.4 km² (
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1356:"Black River Lower Morass | Ramsar Sites Information Service"
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town. The distinct feature of this parish is that numerous
480:
473:
469:
418:
731:
619:, the parish also produces a large quantity of Jamaica's
405:
divided by the Santa Cruz Mountains. A large part of the
316:. The resulting areas were named after the wife of Sir
397:
The northern and northeastern parts of the parish are
719:
Since the 1990s, the parish has become a significant
343:
were exported to Europe to make a blue dye very like
1172:
347:, which was popular in the 18th and 19th centuries.
592:since the 1960s. Port Kaiser, near a town called
312:was taken from it in 1703, and in 1814 a part of
1695:
623:; there are two sugar factories in the parish.
1439:
1386:, Horane Smith, Minerva Press (1 June 1999),
723:destination, with most visitors going to the
495:of 148,000 in 2001, 4000 of whom live in the
409:is covered by morass, but it still provides
1115:
1446:
1432:
1384:Lover's Leap: Based on the Jamaican Legend
1297:
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
705:
588:The parish has been a major producer of
388:
226:1,212.4 km (468.1 sq mi)
1696:
483:, which is used to manufacture glass.
1427:
849:
1274:
424:The main river in the parish is the
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
1087:St. Elizabeth has approximately 44
783:St. Elizabeth Technical High School
13:
1208:
543:, notably found in the southeast.
327:There are archeological traces of
14:
1720:
1397:
1644:
1455:
1309:Statistical Institute of Jamaica
1220:Geography and History of Jamaica
1175:
551:Saint Elizabeth Parish has four
145:
25:
1377:
36:needs additional citations for
1409:Political Geography of Jamaica
1348:
1322:
610:
1:
1196:
573:Saint Elizabeth South Western
569:Saint Elizabeth South Eastern
565:Saint Elizabeth North Western
561:Saint Elizabeth North Eastern
486:
393:Lovers' Leap, Saint Elizabeth
748:
491:The parish had an estimated
353:
300:, the widest on the island.
7:
1168:
596:, has a leading deep-water
546:
460:. Mineral deposits include
339:trade. Large quantities of
123:Parish in Cornwall, Jamaica
10:
1725:
793:
758:Bethlehem Moravian College
714:
578:
303:
151:Saint Elizabeth in Jamaica
1639:
1581:
1548:
1510:
1472:
1271:. Accessed 9 April 2009).
1134:is a well-known falls in
788:
710:The seven-tiered YS Falls
583:
358:The parish is located at
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243:
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230:
222:
217:
186:
176:
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156:
144:
135:
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1626:Saint Thomas in the Vale
1621:Saint Thomas in the East
1292:Jamaica Library Services
1269:Jamaica Library Services
1254:Jamaica Library Services
1239:Jamaica Library Services
1201:
1116:Other places of interest
1082:
366:77°56'W; to the west of
60:"Saint Elizabeth Parish"
1294:. Accessed 9 April 2009
1286:4 December 2008 at the
1263:4 December 2008 at the
1248:4 December 2008 at the
1233:4 December 2008 at the
763:Black River High School
255:120/km (320/sq mi)
1704:Saint Elizabeth Parish
1305:"Population by Parish"
711:
394:
374:, and to the south of
709:
392:
1330:"About Lover's Leap"
515:In the 19th century
320:, the first English
292:, is located at the
272:, is located in the
252: • Density
45:improve this article
1709:Parishes of Jamaica
1676: /
1466:Parishes of Jamaica
1414:Parishes of Jamaica
1224:The Jamaica Gleaner
1102:Yhardly Chase Caves
773:Lacovia High School
671:sweet potatoes and
468:, white limestone,
1651:Jamaica portal
1404:Parish Information
1336:on 21 October 2009
1191:History of Jamaica
1140:Dunn's River Falls
850:Towns and villages
712:
395:
244: • Total
223: • Total
1680:18.050°N 77.783°W
1659:
1658:
1583:Historic Parishes
1153:Bamboo Avenue in
1107:Wallingford Caves
844:Blue Fields Beach
737:, near the rough
370:, to the east of
259:
258:
231: • Rank
121:
120:
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16:Parish of Jamaica
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1512:Middlesex County
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1346:
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1332:. Archived from
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1535:Saint Catherine
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1487:Saint Elizabeth
1474:Cornwall County
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1360:rsis.ramsar.org
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1288:Wayback Machine
1281:Saint Elizabeth
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1265:Wayback Machine
1258:Saint Catherine
1250:Wayback Machine
1235:Wayback Machine
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1199:
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1176:
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986:Middle Quarters
874:Ballards Valley
852:
835:Frenchman's Bay
800:Font Hill Beach
796:
791:
751:
739:Cockpit Country
717:
613:
586:
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489:
356:
318:Thomas Modyford
306:
288:. Its capital,
262:Saint Elizabeth
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1062:Treasure Beach
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805:Galleon, Crane
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768:Hampton School
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725:Treasure Beach
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617:bauxite mining
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555:based in four
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1606:Saint Dorothy
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1550:Surrey County
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1243:St. Elizabeth
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1068:Williamsfield
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778:Munro College
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501:ethnic groups
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362:18°15'N, and
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345:Prussian blue
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62: –
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57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
1661:
1611:Saint George
1573:Saint Thomas
1568:Saint Andrew
1502:Westmoreland
1486:
1383:
1378:Bibliography
1363:. Retrieved
1359:
1350:
1338:. Retrieved
1334:the original
1324:
1314:16 September
1312:. Retrieved
1308:
1299:
1291:
1276:
1268:
1253:
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1223:
1215:
1210:
1122:Lover's Leap
1086:
1078:
1028:Roses Valley
1007:Pedro Plains
983:Mountainside
901:Bull Savanna
877:Barbary Hall
853:
823:Calabash Bay
819:Fort Charles
752:
718:
614:
606:
600:for bauxite
587:
550:
514:
490:
443:
423:
396:
372:Westmoreland
357:
349:
334:
329:Taíno/Arawak
326:
324:of Jamaica.
310:Westmoreland
307:
261:
260:
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
1683: /
1601:Saint David
1492:Saint James
1216:The Gleaner
1161:Black River
1053:Springfield
980:Morningside
931:Fullerswood
888:Braes River
884:Black River
832:Billy's Bay
810:Fullerswood
677:pastoralism
627:is a major
615:Apart from
611:Agriculture
458:stalagmites
454:stalactites
430:tributaries
426:Black River
399:mountainous
384:Saint Ann's
298:Black River
290:Black River
268:'s largest
187:Other towns
181:Black River
1698:Categories
1616:Saint John
1596:Port Royal
1540:Saint Mary
1525:Manchester
1365:10 October
1340:25 October
1197:References
1132:Y.S. Falls
1126:lighthouse
1074:White Hill
1071:Warminster
1046:Southfield
1041:Santa Cruz
1037:Retirement
937:Giddy Hall
915:Cotterwood
911:Carisbrook
743:Ecological
735:distillery
727:area. The
525:Portuguese
493:population
487:Demography
434:Manchester
368:Manchester
314:Manchester
239:Population
212:Southfield
191:Santa Cruz
71:newspapers
1530:Saint Ann
1520:Clarendon
1228:Saint Ann
1144:Ocho Rios
1128:here too.
1098:Peru Cave
1079:Flagaman
1065:Watchwell
1031:Rose Hall
1025:Rose Hall
1019:Quickstep
1001:Parrottee
977:Merrywood
928:Fairfield
922:Elderslie
870:Balaclava
865:Accompong
828:Great Bay
749:Education
681:Livestock
449:limestone
413:land for
376:St. James
364:longitude
354:Geography
280:, in the
274:southwest
264:, one of
204:Balaclava
1591:Metcalfe
1563:Portland
1558:Kingston
1497:Trelawny
1462:Counties
1284:Archived
1261:Archived
1246:Archived
1231:Archived
1169:See also
1059:Thornton
1056:Top Hill
1034:Russells
1022:Red Bank
1010:Pondside
989:Mulgrave
968:Maggotty
953:Junction
949:Hopewell
919:Crawford
908:Carlisle
897:Brompton
891:Brinkley
880:Bigwoods
860:Aberdeen
815:Parottee
729:Appleton
683:include
635:such as
629:industry
547:Politics
529:Scottish
466:antimony
438:Trelawny
407:lowlands
380:Trelawny
360:latitude
322:Governor
286:Cornwall
270:parishes
208:Prospect
199:Junction
171:Cornwall
101:May 2009
1671:77°47′W
1668:18°03′N
1482:Hanover
1164:egrets.
1148:St. Ann
1136:Jamaica
1016:Potsdam
1013:Portsea
973:Malvern
957:Lacovia
945:Holland
794:Beaches
721:tourist
715:Tourism
661:tobacco
653:pimento
637:cassava
625:Fishing
590:bauxite
579:Economy
537:Mulatto
533:Germans
521:Spanish
506:Maroons
497:capital
462:bauxite
446:karstic
411:grazing
341:logwood
337:logging
304:History
296:of the
276:of the
266:Jamaica
247:150,993
195:Malvern
177:Capital
161:Jamaica
157:Country
85:scholar
1390:
1095:Mexico
1050:Siloah
1004:Pepper
998:Newton
995:Newell
964:Lititz
941:Hodges
934:Goshen
789:Places
701:horses
697:cattle
695:, and
673:coffee
665:tomato
657:ginger
602:export
584:Mining
541:Creole
510:Maroon
478:silica
415:horses
282:county
278:island
167:County
138:Parish
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
1419:Stats
1202:Notes
1089:caves
1083:Caves
961:Leeds
925:Exton
894:Bogue
689:sheep
685:goats
649:beans
633:crops
621:sugar
517:Irish
419:mules
403:plain
294:mouth
92:JSTOR
78:books
1631:Vere
1464:and
1388:ISBN
1367:2022
1342:2009
1316:2015
1111:Nain
992:Nain
693:hogs
669:rice
645:peas
641:corn
598:pier
571:and
539:and
481:sand
476:and
474:peat
470:clay
456:and
417:and
378:and
218:Area
64:news
1142:in
732:rum
553:MPs
284:of
47:by
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