290:
74:
1038:, plate 41.) Instead of being formed of large masses placed horizontally above each other, they are composed of irregular pieces, so artfully adjusted that it is difficult to detect the lines of junction. The bases of these columns represent the lower leaves of the lotus; next come a number of concentric rings, like the hoops of a cask; and above these the pillars appear like bunches of reeds held together by horizontal bonds. Including the capital, each column is about 40 feet high; the greatest circumference is about 28
67:
1030:
stones; each passes from the centre of one pillar to that of the next, according to a well-known usage with
Egyptian builders. The intercolumnation of the centre pillars is wider than that of the others; and the stone over the centre is twenty-five feet and six inches long. These columns were painted yellow, red and blue in alternate bands. There is also a peculiarity in the pillars of the Hermopolitan portico peculiar to themselves, or at least discovered only again in the temple of
515:
641:
51:
1322:
1029:
at
Hermopolis were on a scale of great extent and magnificence and, although raised by Greek monarchs, are essentially Egyptian in their conception and execution. The portico, the only remnant of the temple, consists of a double row of pillars, six in each row. The architraves are formed of five
580:
on the opposite bank of the Nile, were the common cemeteries of the
Hermopolitans because although the river divided the city from its necropolis, from the wide curve of the western hills at this point, it was easier to ferry the dead over the water than to transport them by land to the hills.
1556:
Sayed Hemeda, Abdulrahman Fahmy, Abbas
Moustafa, Mahmoud Abd El Hafez,The Early Basilica Church, El-Ashmonein Archaeological Site, Minia, Egypt: Geo-Environmental Analysis and Engineering Characterization of the Building Materials, Open Journal of Geology 09/03
1484:
1020:
and the
Cynocephalus monkey, the most conspicuous among the sculptures upon the great portico of the temple of Hermopolis. His designation in inscriptions was "The Lord of Eshmoon". This portico was a work of the
854:
1048:
feet, about five feet from the ground, for they diminish in thickness both towards the base and towards the capital. The widest part of the intercolumnation is 17 feet; the other pillars are 13 feet apart.
900:
836:
498:, because the city was the main cult centre of Thoth, the Pharaonic god of magic, healing, and wisdom and the patron of scribes. Thoth was associated in the same way with the
554:
or upper country extended much further to the north than in more recent periods. As the border town, Hermopolis was a place of great resort and opulence, ranking second to
705:
1118:
1261:
289:
957:
1508:
Moharam Kamal, Excavations in the so-called Agora of El
Ashmunein. ASAE - Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 46/1 947, 289–295
1000:
of the 3rd century AD indicates that high-rise buildings with seven stories existed in the town. The collection of Arabic papyri in the
1090:
1635:
1135:
1031:
886:
840:
931:
395:
1562:
Excavations at the basilica site at el-Ashmunein/ Hermopolis magna in 1987–1990. Polish
Archaeology in the Mediterranean 3 (1992)
389:
132:
1630:
822:
786:
In 1949 the titular see was suppressed, having had the following incumbents, all of the fitting
Episcopal (lowest) rank :
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808:
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383:
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alone. A little to south of the city was the castle of
Hermopolis, at which point rivercraft from the Thebaid paid tolls (
942:
961:
825:(Warschau, Poland) (1844 – 1856.09.18); later succeeded as Metropolitan Archbishop of Warszawa (1856.09.18 – 1861.10.05)
1140:
798:
1380:
908:
680:
1625:
972:
912:
862:
1269:
1518:
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780:
992:
eras, devastated the
Heptanomis; but, on the other hand, its structures have undergone severe changes under its
66:
662:
828:
1348:
227:
1545:
658:
304:(r. 358 to 340 BCE). According to the vertical inscriptions he set up this obelisk at the doorway of the
231:
20:
1640:
832:
709:
1123:
1085:
is 5.6 m. The church was discovered in 1942 by Moharam Kamal, later cleaned by an expedition from the
814:
Denis-Antoine-Luc de Frayssinous (French) (1822.04.19 – death 1841.12.12) no actual prelature recorded
1561:
1458:
996:
rulers, who have burned its stones for lime or carried them away for building materials. A surviving
218:
790:
Luigi Antonio Valdina Cremona (1729.03.23 – death 1758.10.24) (Italian) no actual prelature recorded
988:
Hermopolis comparatively escaped the frequent wars which, in the decline both of the Pharaonic and
953:
464:, a group of eight "primordial" deities whose cult was situated there. The name survived as Coptic
337:
904:
847:
818:
651:
425:
1182:
764:
257:
190:
1333:
1218:
1086:
924:
760:
1645:
1165:
1001:
934:(USA) (1910.02.08 – 1916.01.29); later Bishop of Lead (1916.01.29 – 1930.08.01), Bishop of
414:
325:
274:'The Two Shmun') was a major city in antiquity, located near the boundary between
8:
1546:
Silhouette of Hermopolis Magna temple-from A History Of Egypt Volume V by J Graflon Milne
1145:
851:
499:
309:
269:
1198:
997:
519:
351:
Its remains are located near the modern town of el-Ashmunein (from the Coptic name) in
1551:
1376:
768:
701:
461:
457:
356:
283:
106:
1433:
1232:
1061:, built in the 5th century over earlier buildings. It is one of the most impressive
1234:
Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 4
794:
593:
421:
1655:
1459:"Excavations at the basilica site at el-Ashmunein/ Hermopolis magna in 1987–1990"
1371:
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 2719, in: Katja Lembke & Cäcilia Fluck, Günter Vittmann,
1105:
Currently there is a small open-air museum in which stand two massive statues of
1089:, and in the years 1987–1990 documented by a Polish-Egyptian expedition from the
968:
920:
476:
341:
248:
235:
19:
This article is about Hermopolis Magna. For other cities called Hermopolis, see
1650:
882:
868:
Father Jan Ignacy Korytkowski (1888.04.27 – 1888.05.14) as Auxiliary bishop of
616:
585:
313:
1406:
967:
Francesco Fulgenzio Lazzati, O.F.M. (born Italy) (1931.07.14 – 1932.05.24) as
1619:
1328:
1022:
589:
555:
147:
134:
223:
989:
949:
804:
612:
535:
301:
1213:
G. Mussies in: Matthieu Sybrand Huibert, Gerard Heerma van Voss (eds.),
807:? Bernardo Maria Serio (1802.08.09 – death ?) as Auxiliary Bishop of
514:
694:
623:
because they were both gods of magic and writing, was represented by the
604:
577:
565:
547:
539:
487:
345:
329:
279:
275:
120:
941:
Giorgio Glosauer (1917.07.07 – death 1926.06.09) as Auxiliary Bishop of
1601:
1358:
875:
Raphael Valenza (1889.05.24 – death 1897.12.22) as Auxiliary Bishop of
665: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
573:
543:
930:
John Jeremiah Lawler (1910.02.08 – 1916.01.29) as Auxiliary Bishop of
1109:
as a baboon worshipping the sun, and a few carved blocks of masonry.
1026:
531:
305:
294:
24:
1093:, State Ateliers for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage, and the
894:
640:
50:
1305:
1178:
1066:
1058:
893:(England) (1901.12.06 – 1915.06.01), emeritus as Titular Bishop of
1394:
Catalogue of Arabic Papyri in the John Rylands Library, Manchester
1016:
The Ibis-headed god Thoth was, with his accompanying emblems, the
861:) (1878.07.15 – 1887.03.15); later (see promoted) first Bishop of
846:
Charles-Bonaventure-François Theuret (1878.07.15 – 1887.03.15) as
767:. The diocese was nominally restored in the 18th century as Latin
1194:
976:
551:
523:
352:
297:
506:. Inscriptions at the temple call the god "The Lord of Eshmun".
1519:"St. David of Hermopolis in Egypt - Orthodox Church in America"
1290:
1215:
Studies in Egyptian Religion: Dedicated to Professor Jan Zandee
1091:
Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology University of Warsaw
1070:
1004:, Manchester, contains many documents referring to Hermopolis (
993:
858:
783:, as a restoration of Hermopolis (as its Latin title attests).
620:
615:, on which sat a hawk fighting with a serpent. Thoth, whom the
600:
569:
503:
491:
317:
201:
915:(Spain) (1906.12.06 – 1919.01.07), Metropolitan Archbishop of
779:(Curiate Italian) Its territory was reassigned in 1849 to the
1606:
A Checklist of Bishops in Byzantine Egypt (A.D. 325 - c. 750)
1188:
1106:
1082:
1062:
793:
Dominik Józef Kiełczewski (1760.07.21 – death 1776.02.28) as
608:
599:
The principal Egyptian deities worshipped at Hermopolis were
559:
495:
209:
110:
1078:
1074:
1017:
801:(Poland) (1760.07.21 – retired 1775.07.14) and on emeritate
624:
1485:"Konserwacja wczesnochrześcijańskiej bazyliki w Aszmunein"
336:
center from the third century. It was abandoned after the
889:(England, UK) (1899.01.29 – 1901.12.06); later Bishop of
817:
Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski (1842.01.27 – 1856.09.18) as
693:
A Christian tradition holds it to be the place where the
450:
1249:
The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt, British Museum Press
1589:
Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus
960:(Brazil) (1928.01.07 – 1931.01.30); later Bishop of
262:
911:(Spain) (1901.12.16 – 1906.12.06); later Bishop of
286:, eight associated deities residing in Hermopolis.
1057:Outside the temple complex stand the remains of a
945:(Prague, Czech Republic) (1917.07.07 – 1926.06.09)
312:, Lord of Hermopolis. It is now on display in the
1262:"Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography"
919:(Spain) (1919.01.07 – death 1926.02.14), created
885:(1899.01.29 – 1901.12.06) as Auxiliary Bishop of
1617:
460:name of the city, means "Eight-Town", after the
1065:buildings: 55 m long, it features a colonnaded
1008:); they date from the 2nd to 4th centuries AH.
546:. Hermopolis stood on the borders of Upper and
1596:Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica
775:(Latin; 1925-1929 renamed Hermopolis Magna) /
1539:
344:(meanwhile suppressed) and a Coptic Orthodox
1552:GCatholic - (former &) titular Latin see
839:(Italy) (1858.06.15 – 1859) and Ordinary of
584:Hermopolis became a significant city in the
328:, Hermopolis developed into a major city of
93:
37:
1610:Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik
1584:, vol. 5, p. 219; vol. 6, p. 234
1326:
872:(Gnesen, Poland) (1888.04.27 – 1888.05.14)
855:Abbey nullius of Saints-Nicholas-et-Benoît
494:" since the Greeks identified Hermes with
49:
1350:"Destruction of Egyptian Monuments"
1177:"Great Hermopolis", for distinction with
1136:List of ancient Egyptian towns and cities
841:Italia continentale of the Italo-Albanese
704:of the provincial capital's Metropolitan
681:Learn how and when to remove this message
630:
1456:
1230:
1209:
1207:
964:(Brazil) (1931.01.30 – death 1939.07.24)
865:(Monaco) (1887.03.15 – death 1901.11.11)
697:found refuge during its exile in Egypt.
513:
288:
1575:Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae
1466:Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
526:during the Middle Kingdom era of Egypt.
1618:
1396:. Manchester: the John Rylands Library
1373:Ägyptens späte Blüte. Die Römer am Nil
952:(O.F.M.) (1928.01.07 – 1931.01.30) as
759:The city was a titular diocese in the
1568:Bibliography - Ecclesiastical history
1428:
1426:
1204:
1081:is 14.7 m wide, and the width of the
938:(USA) (1930.08.01 – death 1948.03.11)
811:(Sicily, Italy) (1802.08.09 – ?)
1591:, Paris 1740, Vol. II, coll. 595-596
1482:
1337:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
663:adding citations to reliable sources
634:
712:. Like most, it faded under Islam.
490:, the city was called "The City of
480:
252:
94:
16:Village in Minya Governorate, Egypt
13:
1423:
1141:List of Catholic dioceses in Egypt
1052:
73:
14:
1667:
1327:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
958:Territorial Prelature of Santarem
879:(Italy) (1889.05.24 – 1897.12.22)
734:Gennadius (circa 444 - after 449)
1636:Former populated places in Egypt
1320:
1112:
1095:Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities
639:
530:The city was the capital of the
72:
65:
23:. For the Hermopolite nome, see
1582:Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi
1511:
1502:
1476:
1450:
1399:
1386:
1365:
1341:
1247:Ian Shaw & Paul Nicholson,
897:(1915.06.01 – death 1916.06.27)
799:Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełm
781:Coptic Catholic Eparchy of Mina
715:List of bishops of Hermopolis:
650:needs additional citations for
324:A provincial capital since the
282:. Its name is derived from the
230:(reconstructed pronunciation),
1314:
1299:
1284:
1254:
1241:
1224:
1171:
1158:
611:. Typhon was represented by a
1:
1631:Archaeological sites in Egypt
1407:"B.C. Archaeology: Ashmunein"
1151:
1011:
903:(1901.12.16 – 1906.12.06) as
901:Juan Bautista Benlloch y Vivo
837:Silicia of the Italo-Albanese
831:(1858.06.15 – death 1877) as
746:Johannes II (6th-7th century)
471:, from which the modern name
979:) (1931.07.14 – 1932.05.24).
7:
1577:, Leipzig 1931, p. 461
1129:
1025:, but the erections of the
843:(Italy) (1858.06.15 – 1860)
340:but was restored as both a
263:
232:Egyptological pronunciation
21:Hermopolis (disambiguation)
10:
1672:
1548:retrieved 20:34GMT 27.9.11
1540:Sources and external links
1392:Margoliouth, D. S. (1933)
1189:
983:
887:Archdiocese of Westminster
763:, and still is (?) in the
710:Patriarchate of Alexandria
560:
550:, and, for many ages, the
509:
370:
239:
210:
194:
38:
18:
1293:xvii. p. 813; Ptol.
1100:
948:Eduardo José Herberhold,
932:Archdiocese of Saint Paul
927:(1921.06.16 – 1926.02.14)
518:Objects from the tomb of
176:
171:
163:
126:
116:
101:
89:
60:
48:
35:
1457:Barański, Marek (1992).
1231:Gauthier, Henri (1927).
1073:and side galleries. The
954:Coadjutor Bishop-Prelate
743:Johannes I (6th century)
338:Muslim conquest of Egypt
1626:Cities in ancient Egypt
1124:Severus Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ
905:Apostolic Administrator
848:Apostolic Administrator
823:Archdiocese of Warszawa
819:Apostolic Administrator
728:Plusianus (4th century)
700:Hermopolis Maior was a
451:
362:
222:
1573:Pius Bonifacius Gams,
1183:Stephanus of Byzantium
870:Archdiocese of Gniezno
809:Archdiocese of Palermo
765:Coptic Orthodox Church
749:Isidorus (7th century)
740:Ulpianus (6th century)
737:Victor (circa 448/463)
706:Archdiocese of Antinoe
631:Ecclesiastical history
592:in the administrative
527:
321:
55:Basilica of Hermopolis
1598:, Vol. 22, p. 61
1411:www.bcarchaeology.com
1334:Catholic Encyclopedia
1087:Alexandria University
925:S. Maria in Ara Coeli
877:Archdiocese of Chieti
761:Roman Catholic Church
708:, in the sway of the
517:
292:
148:27.78139°N 30.80389°E
90:Alternative name
1355:Littell's Living Age
1166:Ammianus Marcellinus
1002:John Rylands Library
943:Archdiocese of Praha
659:improve this article
326:Old Kingdom of Egypt
1266:artflx.uchicago.edu
1146:Coptic architecture
1119:David of Hermopolis
998:Oxyrhynchus Papyrus
852:Subiaco Benedictine
561:Ἑρμοπολιτάνη φυλακή
430:(2055–1650 BC)
215:Hermoû pólis megálẽ
144: /
32:
1612:100 (1994) 283-318
1329:"Hermopolis Magna"
1199:Antonine Itinerary
572:). The grottos of
528:
322:
310:Thoth Thrice-Great
211:Ἑρμοῦ πόλις μεγάλη
153:27.78139; 30.80389
81:Shown within Egypt
30:
1641:Minya Governorate
1483:Barański, Marek.
1311:, p. 371, D.
1179:Lesser Hermopolis
777:Ermopoli Maggiore
769:Titular bishopric
722:Fasileus (in 325)
719:Conon (circa 250)
702:suffragan diocese
691:
690:
683:
458:Egyptian language
443:
442:
431:
406:
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401:
357:Minya Governorate
273:
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183:
107:Minya Governorate
1663:
1594:Gaetano Moroni,
1587:Michel Lequien,
1560:Marek Barański.
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1532:
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1529:
1515:
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1492:Ochrona Zabytków
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1279:
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1268:. Archived from
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1211:
1202:
1192:
1191:
1175:
1169:
1162:
1047:
1046:
1042:
795:Auxiliary Bishop
773:Hermopolis Maior
731:Andreas (in 431)
725:Dios (circa 350)
686:
679:
675:
672:
666:
643:
635:
619:associated with
594:diocese of Egypt
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482:
467:
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1103:
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1053:Coptic Basilica
1044:
1040:
1039:
1014:
986:
969:Apostolic Vicar
921:Cardinal-Priest
829:Agostino Franco
687:
676:
670:
667:
656:
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633:
534:(the fifteenth
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382:
365:
332:, and an early
240:
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1599:
1592:
1585:
1580:Konrad Eubel,
1578:
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1534:
1510:
1501:
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1438:pcma.uw.edu.pl
1422:
1398:
1385:
1375:, Mainz 2004,
1364:
1340:
1313:
1298:
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1272:on 9 July 2012
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1237:. p. 176.
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975:(then Italian
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883:Robert Brindle
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688:
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638:
632:
629:
617:ancient Greeks
586:Roman province
511:
508:
483:) is derived.
441:
440:
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426:Middle Kingdom
418:
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408:
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342:Latin Catholic
314:British Museum
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1602:Klaas A. Worp
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1113:Famous people
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648:This section
646:
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590:Thebais Prima
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237:
234:: "Khemenu";
233:
226:
225:
220:
216:
207:
203:
200:"the City of
199:
192:
191:Ancient Greek
188:
179:
175:
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157:
129:
125:
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68:
59:
52:
47:
34:
26:
22:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1588:
1581:
1574:
1526:. Retrieved
1522:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1491:
1478:
1469:
1465:
1452:
1441:. Retrieved
1437:
1414:. Retrieved
1410:
1401:
1393:
1388:
1372:
1367:
1357:– via
1354:
1343:
1332:
1316:
1308:
1301:
1294:
1286:
1274:. Retrieved
1270:the original
1265:
1256:
1248:
1243:
1233:
1226:
1214:
1197:IV 5. § 60.
1185:
1173:
1160:
1104:
1056:
1035:
1015:
1005:
987:
950:Friars Minor
805:Bishop-elect
785:
776:
772:
758:
752:Eugenius (?)
714:
699:
692:
677:
668:
657:Please help
652:verification
649:
613:hippopotamus
598:
583:
578:Antinoöpolis
529:
520:Djehutynakht
485:
473:el Ashmunein
472:
468:
449:
445:
444:
350:
323:
302:Nectanebo II
264:al-Ashmunayn
244:
214:
205:
197:
186:
185:
1646:Set (deity)
1434:"Ashmunein"
1309:Is. et Osir
1190:Ἑρμοῦ πόλις
695:Holy Family
566:Bahr Yussef
548:Lower Egypt
540:Upper Egypt
488:Koine Greek
415:hieroglyphs
346:titular see
330:Roman Egypt
280:Upper Egypt
247:, and thus
228:/χaˈmaːnaw/
198:Hermoúpolis
151: /
127:Coordinates
121:Upper Egypt
1620:Categories
1528:2017-03-19
1443:2020-06-22
1416:2020-06-22
1359:Wikisource
1276:2 February
1152:References
1069:ending in
1034:. (Dénon,
1012:The temple
936:Rapid City
891:Nottingham
755:Paulus (?)
574:Beni Hasan
544:Heptanomis
500:Phoenician
195:Ἑρμούπολις
187:Hermopolis
172:Site notes
167:Settlement
139:30°48′14″E
136:27°46′53″N
31:Hermopolis
1295:loc. cit.
1217:(1982),
1201:pp. 154f.
1077:with the
1027:Ptolemies
973:Mogadishu
671:July 2017
542:) in the
532:Hare nome
481:الأشمونين
359:, Egypt.
334:Christian
306:sanctuary
295:siltstone
258:romanized
253:الأشمونين
177:Condition
95:الأشمونين
25:Hare nome
1168:, II 16)
1130:See also
1067:transept
1059:basilica
1036:L'Egypte
833:Ordinary
300:of King
204:", also
180:In ruins
102:Location
1523:Oca.org
1383:, p. 29
1195:Ptolemy
1181:, e.g.
1071:exedras
1043:⁄
1032:Gournou
984:Remains
977:Somalia
909:Solsona
850:of the
576:, near
552:Thebaid
524:nomarch
510:History
456:), the
446:Khemenu
353:Mallawi
298:obelisk
272:
260::
1656:Hermes
1557:(2019)
1379:
1325:
1291:Strabo
1101:Museum
1083:aisles
1063:Coptic
1006:Ushmun
994:Muslim
962:Ilhéus
917:Burgos
913:Urgell
895:Tacapæ
863:Monaco
859:Monaco
621:Hermes
607:) and
601:Typhon
570:Arabic
564:, the
556:Thebes
504:Eshmun
502:deity
492:Hermes
477:Arabic
462:Ogdoad
318:London
293:Black
284:Ogdoad
249:Arabic
236:Coptic
202:Hermes
117:Region
1651:Thoth
1608:, in
1488:(PDF)
1462:(PDF)
1306:Plut.
1219:p. 92
1107:Thoth
990:Roman
609:Thoth
496:Thoth
469:Shmun
466:Ϣⲙⲟⲩⲛ
276:Lower
245:Shmūn
241:Ϣⲙⲟⲩⲛ
111:Egypt
40:Ϣⲙⲟⲩⲛ
1377:ISBN
1278:2022
1186:s.v.
1079:apse
1075:nave
1018:Ibis
625:ibis
536:nome
522:, a
452:Ḫmnw
411:ḫmnw
363:Name
278:and
270:lit.
224:ḫmnw
164:Type
971:of
956:of
923:of
907:of
835:of
821:of
797:of
771:of
661:by
605:Set
588:of
568:in
538:of
486:In
422:Era
413:in
308:of
1622::
1604:,
1521:.
1496:43
1494:.
1490:.
1468:.
1464:.
1436:.
1425:^
1409:.
1353:.
1331:.
1264:.
1206:^
1193:;
1097:.
627:.
596:.
479::
424::
355:,
348:.
316:,
267:,
255:,
251::
238::
221::
217:,
208:,
193::
109:,
1531:.
1498:.
1472:.
1470:3
1446:.
1419:.
1361:.
1280:.
1221:.
1164:(
1045:2
1041:1
857:(
684:)
678:(
673:)
669:(
655:.
603:(
475:(
448:(
320:.
189:(
27:.
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