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stopped at a traffic stop when
Lieutenant Colonel Khaled Niqa al-Azmi got out of his four-wheel drive vehicle and shot six bullets into al-Salem's head the reason al-Salem got killed was because she was attacking the woman of the al awazim tribe and calling them woman with no honor The Lt. Colonel was a high ranking police officer, and he was wearing a long traditional robe at the time of the shooting.
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appropriately. Her lawyer believed it was too early to assume Hidaya was killed for political reasons. Another motive included financial problems and disputes with her employees. The investigation led to the actual motive for the crime. A year before the murder al-Salem had published an article, the article had criticized his
175:, Kuwait, to the ruling family. As a child, she attended the private Koranic girls' school of Mutawia Saleema and the Mutawia Mariam Al Askar until 1946. Her education came to an end when she was married at the age of fifteen. At the time of her husbands' death, she was a widow and a mother of four sons and one daughter.
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al-Salem had talked about the tribe living outside the Kuwait walls. The members of the tribe believed al-Salem was implying that they were not real
Kuwaiti people. Later, al-Salem explained that she did not mean that. The Lt. Colonel was thought to have killed al-Salem to protect the honor of his tribe.
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tribe. In the article al-Salem had published her thoughts about women dancers in the tribe. The dancers were women that al-Salem's family had hired. The article described the women dancers as 'all temptation and sexual suggestion'. Many members of the tribe took offense to this, due to the fact that
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Originally four people were investigated for the murder of Hidaya. Many motives for the murder were reviewed. At the beginning of the investigation, some believed the murder was political. Hidaya had written an article about money being embezzled, and the office in the Gulf
Emirate not being used
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She was shot and killed in Kuwait City on 20 March 2001 while she was being driven to a Women and
Culture Conference that was being hosted by the Kuwaiti Women's Association. The conference was being held to declare Kuwait City as the "capital of Arab culture" for a year. On the way, al-Salem was
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Hidaya Sultan al-Salem was a campaigner for women's rights and suffrage in Kuwait, as well as a female leader in publishing. Women media professionals surveyed by the Beirut-based
Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World concurred that important editorial decisions in all media were still
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At first, the Lt. Colonel claimed innocence but later admitted that he was infuriated by the criticism of his tribe in her magazine. Later, the Lt. Colonel recanted his confession and suggested the police had forced the confession. In
February 2002, Lt. Colonel Khaled al-Azmi was convicted by a
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Hidaya Sultan al-Salem was a journalist and author, editor and publisher for 40 years. However, she began her career as a teacher. She was the sixth woman to ever become a teacher in Kuwait. While she was a teacher, she started writing articles for
Lebanese and Egyptian newspapers.
159:. She was Kuwait's first female to serve as an editor of a publication. She was a feminist and secularist, and she campaigned against corruption and on behalf of women's rights and suffrage in Kuwait. She was the first journalist to be killed in Kuwait since the
323:
While Hidaya Sultan al-Salem was the first journalist killed in Kuwait, she was one of 51 journalists killed while on the job in 2001. The rate of professionals in the media being attacked and killed increased during the year of 2001.
203:. In 1972, she became part of a second wave of Kuwaiti women writers when she published a short story "Kharif bila matar" (Translated: "An Autumn Without Rain"). In addition, she published an underground newsletter
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In 1961, she became a journalist in Kuwait. In 1964, she was a founding member of the
Kuwaiti Literary League. She published five non-fiction books while working as a journalist. Two of the books were
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Even though the
Constitution of Kuwait guaranteed women equality in 1961, women were not granted rights until 1999, which was opposed by the reactionary tribal-fundamentalist alliance.
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criminal court for the murder of Hidaya Sultan al-Salem and sentenced to death by hanging, which was upheld on appeal. However, the sentence was later commuted to life by Kuwait's
147:, 1936 – 20 March 2001), sometimes transliterated as Hedaya, was a Kuwaiti journalist and author, who owned and edited the one of Kuwait's earliest political magazines
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She also played a role in the emergence of women in the literary scene in Kuwait in an era when magazine publishing was a new development.
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invariably made by men. While women were occupying more spots in journalism training programs, they were employed at the same level.
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The fundamentalist tribe alliance banned the publication of books written by two of her peers Aalia Shuaib and Laila al-Uthman.
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She was also a member of the
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reported 80 percent of her more recent articles before her murder was about corruption.
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Male Domination, Female Revolt: Race, Class, and Gender in Kuwaiti Women's Fiction
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Hidaya Sultan al-Salem wrote articles primarily about corruption in Kuwait.
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and became its publisher and editor-in-chief. She was also the owner of
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Mentioned locations within Kuwait relative to the capital Kuwait City.
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Women and Media in the Middle East: Power Through Self-Expression
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Hidaya Sultan al-Salem lived and worked in Kuwait City, Kuwait.
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624:. International Freedom of Expression Exchange. March 22, 2001
779:"Al-Zaid's rich legacy for Kuwait literary movement lives on"
799:"Journalists Alarmed as Assassinations Accelerate Into 2001"
801:. International Federation of Journalists. April 5, 2001
725:"Al-Hebini proves his ability by solving criminal cases"
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Four sons, including Nawwaf al-Othman, and one daughter
578:"Prominent Female Journalist Assassinated in Kuwait"
503:. Committee to Protect Journalists. March 20, 2001
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387:. Utusan Online. March 21, 2001. Archived from
195:. In 1970, al-Salem bought the weekly magazine
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68:Mutawia Saleema & Mutawia Mariam Al Askar
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784:. arabtimesonline. October 12, 2015.
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385:"Magazine owner shot dead in Kuwait"
163:began recording these acts in 1992.
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745:. Global Journalist. Archived from
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522:Mubarak, Khalid al (2 April 2001).
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171:Hidaya Sultan al-Salem was born in
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524:"Obituary: Hidaya Sultan Al-Salem"
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424:"Obituary: Hidaya Sultan Al-Salem"
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741:Abu-Fadil, Magda (July 1, 2001).
723:Al-Masri, Moamen (July 9, 2009).
972:Violence against women in Kuwait
882:Assassinated Kuwaiti journalists
877:Assassinated publishers (people)
706:"Kuwaiti Cop Sentenced to Death"
681:. I.B.Tauris. pp. 127–132.
622:"CPJ alarmed by editor's murder"
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161:Committee to Protect Journalists
952:People from Capital Governorate
892:Proponents of Islamic feminism
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444:. Irish Times. March 21, 2001.
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480:. March 21, 2001. p. D3.
442:"Magazine owner assassinated"
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820:Marrouchi, Mustapha (2012).
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205:Children And Women of Kuwait
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917:Kuwaiti short story writers
852:(Global Terrorism Database)
826:. SUNY Press. p. 237.
662:"Drepte kvinnelig redaktør"
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967:Kuwaiti murder victims
541:Tijani, Ishaq (2009).
349:Human rights in Kuwait
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211:by Iraq in 1990–1991.
137:Hidaya Sultan al-Salem
20:Hidaya Sultan al-Salem
932:Kuwaiti women editors
922:Kuwaiti women writers
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39:Shuwaikh Port, Kuwait
942:Assassinated editors
675:Sakr, Naomi (2004).
261:class=notpageimage|
209:occupation of Kuwait
937:Women in publishing
907:Kuwaiti journalists
391:on October 27, 2017
51:Kuwait City, Kuwait
743:"A Long Way To Go"
712:. 3 February 2002.
549:. Brill. pp.
478:Beaver County News
334:Kuwait News Agency
298:court of cassation
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145:هدايه سلطان السالم
27:هدايه سلطان السالم
897:Kuwaiti activists
887:Kuwaiti feminists
850:INCIDENT SUMMARY
765:niemanreports.org
749:on March 4, 2016.
607:. March 22, 2001.
428:The Guardian (UK)
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395:December 3,
239:Kuwait City
207:during the
191:(1965) and
153:Kuwait City
57:Nationality
861:Categories
360:References
201:Arab Sport
197:al-Majalis
149:al-Majalis
105:Al-Majeles
93:Al-Majeles
648:Al Bawaba
582:Al Bawaba
328:Reactions
289:Al-Awazem
189:The Arabs
84:1961-2001
65:Education
605:BBC News
343:See also
253:Shuwaikh
173:Shuwaikh
167:Personal
127:Children
121:The Arab
95:magazine
89:Employer
710:MRT.com
304:Context
60:Kuwaiti
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319:Impact
179:Career
157:Kuwait
141:Arabic
119:&
782:(PDF)
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553:–30.
218:Death
828:ISBN
807:2015
683:ISBN
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36:1936
33:Born
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
