1100:
1058:
497:
1163:. the Gulf Coast Air Depot was responsible for overhauling and repairing military aircraft. It employed over 15,000 workers at its peak. The Air Force bought the municipal airport, Bates Field, and there developed the Brookley Army Air Field, later to become the Brookley Air Force Base. Brookley quickly became the area's largest employer. In the mid-1960s the Air Force Base was closed due to a Department of Defense "base realignment" and the airport returned to the city. Today, it is an aerospace and industrial site known as the
2620:
1088:
industries included lumber, textiles, shipbuilding and steel. The city received $ 3 million in federal grants for harbor improvements, which drastically deepened the shipping channels in the harbor. The construction of new railroads and the expansion of the port allowed for greater connectivity and facilitated the growth of the city's economy as a hub for the region. New public schools were built especially to meet the soaring demand for a high school education. High society promoted the new
101:
767:
3263:
856:
25:
807:. The city experienced another fire in 1839 that burned part of city between Conti and Government Street from Royal to Saint Emanuel Street and also both sides of Dauphin to Franklin Street. Despite these setbacks, Mobile was one of the four busiest ports in the US by the 1850s. The wealth created by this trade brought the city to a cultural high point. Mobile became known throughout the country and the world.
684:
1080:
377:
1290:
1120:
important part of the city's culture, with elaborate parades and celebrations. However, the 1920s and 1930s were also a challenging time for Mobile and the rest of the country. The Great
Depression hit the city hard, leading to high levels of unemployment and poverty. The city also experienced racial tensions, with segregation and discrimination affecting many aspects of daily life.
1066:
on bankruptcy. In 1879 the city charter was repealed by the state legislature, abolishing the "City of Mobile" and replacing it with three city commissioners appointed by the
Alabama governor. The commissioners were charged with governing the new "Port of Mobile" and reducing the city's debt. The debt problem would not be settled until the last note was paid in 1906.
1171:
these are still to be found, notably the community of
Birdville. "Thomas James Place" was the proper name for Birdville which was built just outside Brookley Air Force Base to provide relief for the housing shortage. The development consisted of a series of interwoven curving concrete streets named after various birds, hence the nickname Birdville.
1266:, which struck the area on September 12, 1979, caused severe damage in Mobile. Many residents were without power, water, telephone and basic necessities for weeks, but only one death was recorded. Relief funding following Frederic provided an economic boom in addition to growth in the 1980s, vastly improving Mobile's overall economic picture.
1065:
The decline of the city continued under the
Democrats. By 1875 the city was more than $ 5 million in debt and could not even pay the interest on the loans. This debt had been accruing since the 1830s. A game of political maneuvering continued to be played between rival factions as the city bordered
1317:
firm, to create a new comprehensive master plan for the downtown area and surrounding neighborhoods. The planning area is bordered on the east by the Mobile River, to the south by
Interstate 10 and Duval Street, to the west by Houston Street and to the north by Three Mile Creek and the neighborhoods
1269:
Beginning in the late 1980s, the city council and mayor Mike Dow began an effort termed the "String of Pearls
Initiative" to make Mobile into a competitive, urban city. Numerous new facilities and projects were built around the city; the government encouraged the restoration of hundreds of historic
1053:
to become embittered. In 1874, Democrats around the state used violence and extreme measures to keep
African Americans and non-Democratic voters from participating in the November election. Election day in Mobile saw armed gangs roaming the streets and mobs of people surrounding the polling places
1203:
cities, with the police force and one local college becoming integrated in the 1950s and the voluntary desegregation of buses and lunchcounters by 1963, but schools and many other institutions had remained segregated. In 1963, three
African-American students filed a suit against the Mobile County
1170:
During the war, the phenomenal influx of workers created a huge housing shortage. Citizens rented out extra rooms and also converted porches, garages and even chicken coops into rentals. Several federal housing projects were quickly built to house the new maritime and Air Force workers. Several of
1087:
Overall, the early 20th century was a time of significant growth and change for Mobile, Alabama, as the city expanded economically, culturally, and socially. The population grew from about 40,000 in 1900 to over 60,000 by 1920. The city becoming a hub for shipping, manufacturing, and commerce. Key
1119:
The economy flourished in the 1920s, but suffered severely in the Great
Depression after 1929. The 1920s and 1930s saw Jazz music achieve wide popularity inside and outside the Black community. Many clubs and venues gave people an opportunity to hear live music. Mardi Gras continued to be an
979:, known as a so-called "radical Republican" because he supported equal rights for African-Americans came to Mobile to give a speech. He denounced slavery as "satanic" and advocated equal rights for African-Americans, in response a lynch mob formed and a riot ensued. General
1111:
ordinance, one that segregated the city streetcars. Mobile's
African American population responded to this with a two-month boycott which was ultimately unsuccessful. After this, Mobile's de facto segregation was increasingly replaced with legislated segregation.
718:
on Mobile Bay was repulsed by American forces. A subsequent British attack in February 1815 was successful, resulting in the surrender of the fort. The War of 1812 ended before an attack on the settlement of Mobile, across the bay, could be conducted.
413:. He did not last long, due to allegations of mismanagement and a lack of growth in the colony, and he was recalled to France in 1716. Bienville again took the helm as governor, serving the office for less than a year until the new governor,
1260:âeffectively put the Ku Klux Klan out of business in Alabama. A fatal police shooting of an African-American man in 1992 sparked violence and unrest in Mobile, leading to the formation of a Human Relations Commission by the city in 1994.
962:
during the war as policemen in Mobile. He declared all offices in Mobile vacant and filled them with his own appointees, most of whom were African-American. This included appointing large numbers of African-Americans who had served in the
695:, the Spaniards in Mobile allowed British merchants to sell arms and supplies to the Indians defend their lands against encroaching settlers who had begun to build on part of present-day Alabama. During the course of the war, General
983:
appointed Gustavus Horton to be the mayor of Mobile during the time until elections could be held. Horton was from Massachusetts and was considered to be a "radical" by local whites because he enforced equal rights for Mobile's
774:
The cotton boom of the early 19th century brought an explosion of commerce to what had been a sleepy frontier town. For almost the next half century, Mobile enjoyed prosperity as the second largest international seaport on the
1270:
downtown buildings and homes. Violent crime was reduced by 50%, and the city and county leaders worked to attract new business ventures to the area. The effort continues into the present with new city government leadership.
1247:
members on Herndon Avenue. The two perpetrators were both convicted of murder, with one sentenced to life in prison and the other sentenced to death and executed in 1997. A subsequent wrongful death lawsuit was filed by the
1179:
By 1956, Mobile's square mileage had tripled to accommodate growth. The Brookley Air Force Base closure in the mid-1960s sent economic tremors through the area which took many years to absorb. Also in the post-war period, the
839:, the last known ship to arrive in the Americas with a cargo of slaves, was abandoned by its captain near Mobile. A number of these slaves later formed their own community on the banks of the Mobile River after the
949:
was in charge of Mobile in late 1865 and early 1866, he issued an order that in all courts and judicial proceedings in the District of Mobile that African-Americans should have the same standing as whites. General
888:. The Confederates countered by constructing blockade-runners: fast, shallow-draft, low-slung ships that could either outrun or evade the blockaders, maintaining a trickle of trade in and out of Mobile. Also, the
404:
took over administration of the colony by royal charter for 15 years, pledging a share of profits to the King. The colony boasted a population of 400 persons. In 1713 a new governor was appointed by Crozat,
362:. Though most of the "casquette girls" recovered, a large number of the existing colonists and the neighboring Native Americans died from the illness. This early period also saw the arrival of the first
1128:
Mobile had $ 522 million in contracts for World War II combat equipment, but not nearly enough residents to do the work. Workers flocked in from rural areas, especially to the shipyards and to the
958:
declared all offices in Mobile vacant and filled them with his own appointees, most of whom were African-American. This included appointing large numbers of African-Americans who had served in the
1229:
the federal district court ruled that the city commission form was discriminatory in intent, with the result of substantially diluting the African-American vote. In the years after passage of the
334:, to establish control over France's Louisiana claims with Bienville having been made governor of French Louisiana in 1701. Mobile's Roman Catholic parish was established on 20 July 1703, by
1305:
on 29 August 2005. A storm surge of 11.45 feet (3.49 m) damaged eastern sections of Mobile and caused extensive flooding downtown. Mobilians elected their first African American mayor,
417:, arrived from France. Lepinay, however, did not last long either, due to Crozat's relinquishing control of the colony in 1717 (after just 5 of the 15 years). The administration shifted to
2948:
2922:
384:
These additional outbreaks of disease and a series of floods caused Bienville to order the town relocated several miles downriver to its present location at the confluence of the
444:) in 1720, leaving Mobile relegated to the role of military and trading outpost. In 1723 the construction of a new brick fort with a stone foundation began and it was renamed
425:. Bienville found himself once again governor of Louisiana. In 1719, France warred with Spain, and Mobile was on the battlefront, so Bienville decided to move the capital to
335:
3297:
1859:
925:
rests in Mobile Bay to this day. The city of Mobile later surrendered to the Union army in order to avoid destruction. Ironically, on May 25, 1865, weeks after
373:. The population of the colony fluctuated over the next few years, growing to 279 persons by 1708 yet descending to 178 persons two years later due to disease.
661:
941:
The aftermath of the war left Mobile with a spirit of governmental and economic caution that would limit it for a large part of the next century. General
1225:
to a mayor and city-council form with seven members elected from single-member districts, following a court challenge by African-American residents. In
810:
In another note of differentiation between the somewhat cosmopolitan port and the hinterlands of predominantly Protestant Alabama, Mobile was declared a
232:
area, encountering Native Americans who fled and burned their towns at the approach of the expedition. This response was a prelude to the journeys of
1027:
2232:
Fitzgerald, Michael W (1993). "Railroad Subsidies and Black Aspirations: The Politics of Economic Development in Reconstruction Mobile, 1865â1879".
1132:. Between 1940 and 1943, over 89,000 people moved into Mobile to work for war effort industries. Mobile was one of eighteen U.S. cities producing
1208:. The federal district court ordered that they be admitted for the 1964 school year, as it had been ten years since the US Supreme Court ruling in
500:
A Map of West Florida (bottom right), the U.S. (top right) and Louisiana (left), published in 1781, showing Mobile in the center of West Florida.
3190:
406:
129:
80:
3195:
331:
456:. Mobile remained a major trade center with the Native Americans throughout the French period, leading to the almost universal use of
3076:
2585:
2545:
1946:
864:
63:
2933:
1137:
552:
1888:
1042:
84:
1803:
3086:
3042:
1867:
88:
153:
for over 60 years. During 1720, when France warred with Spain, Mobile was on the battlefront, so the capital moved west to
1003:
339:
162:
3287:
2968:
2953:
2860:
2839:
2664:
2639:
804:
914:. It is here that Farragut is alleged to have uttered his famous "Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead" quote after the
3037:
2435:
2416:
2397:
2378:
2334:
2296:
2273:
2254:
2202:
2145:
2055:
2036:
2017:
998:
was appointed as collector of customs in Mobile, serving in this position from July 1871 until February 1872. Colonel
815:
2109:
2999:
2875:
2844:
2721:
2221:
2183:
2164:
2126:
2093:
2074:
1917:
1093:
868:
68:
3062:
1050:
1038:
1031:
122:
699:
took a force of American troops from New Orleans to capture Mobile. The Spanish capitulated in April 1813 and the
255:
and his warriors took place somewhere north of the current site of Mobile. The next large expedition was that of
176:
Mobile first became a part of the United States in 1813, when it was captured by American forces and added to the
3185:
3081:
2783:
2763:
2346:"'Without Hysteria or Unnecessary Disturbance': Desegregation at Spring Hill College, Mobile, Alabama, 1948â1954"
422:
343:
73:
3112:
3091:
2895:
2885:
1145:
614:
305:
196:. Mobile had spent decades as French, then British, then Spanish, then American, spanning 160 years, up to the
28:
A detail of Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville's 1732 map of Louisiana showing Mobile Bay, the Mobile colony (
3096:
2973:
2699:
2679:
2538:
1378:) began in 1756 and ended in 1763, with Mobile ceded to Britain, while land west of the Mississippi plus
1141:
874:
189:
903:
guarding the mouth of Mobile Bay and defeated a small force of wooden Confederate gunboats and the ironclad
847:. The inhabitants of this community retained their African customs and language well into the 20th century.
256:
2989:
1205:
980:
968:
955:
951:
942:
2518:
2510:
3127:
3068:
3052:
2738:
2570:
1327:
1249:
1215:
1210:
449:
233:
115:
1309:, in September, 2005. Another landmark was added to Mobile's skyline in 2007 with the completion of the
1037:
The last quarter of the 19th century in Mobile was a time of turmoil. The government was controlled by
703:
of the United States was raised for the first time over the Mobile area as it was added to the existing
221:
3047:
2890:
2870:
2307:
566:
491:
166:
1233:, African Americans had not been able to elect any candidates of their choice to the city commission.
188:, one of the earlier states of the U.S. Forty-one years later, Alabama left the Union and joined the
2829:
2644:
2609:
2469:
1230:
1089:
930:
700:
239:
Hernando de Soto explored the area of Mobile Bay and beyond in 1540, finding the area inhabited by a
57:
3266:
3210:
3147:
3009:
2768:
2580:
2531:
1513:"Other Locations: Historic Fort Conde" (history), Museum of Mobile, Mobile, Alabama, 2006, webpage:
1196:
1153:
1011:
889:
625:. On September 23, 1810, after meetings beginning in June, rebels overcame the Spanish garrison at
622:
610:
604:
570:
520:
485:
158:
2958:
2880:
2753:
2748:
2694:
2649:
1253:
1181:
1129:
1099:
532:
363:
323:
225:
826:, one of the oldest Catholic schools in the country. Control of the college was assumed by the
400:
was constructed at the new site during this time. The colony was an economic loss, so in 1712,
3175:
3057:
2963:
2928:
2905:
2865:
2595:
1979:
1383:
1310:
1200:
1140:
to support the war effort by producing ships faster than the German U-boats could sink them.
1046:
780:
626:
574:
560:
509:
433:
414:
327:
289:
281:
170:
146:
1835:
3292:
3218:
2603:
1375:
1049:
in May 1867. Many of these politicians instituted policies that caused the disenfranchised
900:
896:
835:
738:
704:
678:
513:
299:
177:
633:. The Republic of West Florida claimed boundaries that included all territory south of the
243:
Native American people. During this expedition, his forces destroyed the fortified town of
3180:
3122:
2900:
2809:
2773:
2590:
1666:
1015:
911:
618:
578:
556:
505:
477:
418:
105:
1057:
8:
3152:
3117:
2819:
2814:
2654:
1958:
1811:
1371:
1189:
1185:
915:
892:, the first submarine to sink an enemy vessel in combat, was built and tested in Mobile.
823:
711:
634:
481:
295:
184:
in August 1817. Finally on December 14, 1819, Mobile became part of the new 22nd state,
2371:
The Political Use of Racial Narratives: School Desegregation in Mobile, Alabama, 1954â97
453:
3200:
2799:
1545:
1514:
1436:
1263:
1108:
1007:
964:
959:
946:
840:
646:
584:
197:
193:
47:
2309:
Pink Sheets and Black Ballots: Politics and Civil Rights in Mobile, Alabama, 1945â1985
2048:
Port City Crusader: John LeFlore and the Non-Partisan Voters League in Mobile, Alabama
1896:
1889:"Powerful Hurricane Ivan Slams the IS Central Gulf Coast as an Upper Category-3 Storm"
621:
control, leading to a rebellion in 1810 and the establishment for three months of the
3160:
2431:
2412:
2393:
2374:
2330:
2292:
2269:
2250:
2217:
2198:
2179:
2160:
2141:
2122:
2089:
2070:
2065:
Rogers, William Warren; Ward, Robert David; Atkins, Leah Rawls; Flynt, Wayne (2018).
2051:
2032:
2013:
1306:
1302:
1164:
1019:
999:
992:
989:
976:
750:
742:
728:
642:
496:
181:
2281:
2994:
2804:
1273:
Shipbuilding began to make a major comeback in Mobile with the founding in 1999 of
1221:
Mobile's city government was changed in 1985 from three city commissioners elected
985:
827:
630:
259:, in his unsuccessful attempt to establish a permanent colony for Spain, nearby at
252:
2266:
Educational Reconstruction: African American Schools in the Urban South, 1865â1890
1313:, the tallest skyscraper in the state. In January, 2008, the city hired EDSA, an
3014:
2575:
2554:
2493:
2477:
2457:
2195:
New Men, New Cities, New South: Atlanta, Nashville, Charleston, Mobile, 1860â1910
2138:
Mobile, Alabama's People of Color: A Tricentennial History, 1702â2002, Volume One
1239:
and justice continued to be an issue on the individual level in Mobile. In 1981,
1236:
1113:
1107:
Racial tensions remained high. In 1902 the city government passed Mobile's first
926:
819:
696:
653:
592:
457:
317:
277:
240:
142:
19:
3228:
2834:
2743:
2684:
2619:
1918:"Extremely Powerful Hurricane Katrina leaves a Historic Mark on the Gulf Coast"
1298:
1257:
1256:. The seven million dollar decision against the Klansâreturned, notably, by an
1240:
995:
929:
had dissolved the Confederacy, an ammunition depot explosion, termed the great
885:
401:
396:, Gilbert Dardenne, Pierre LeBĆuf and Claude Parant. A new earth and palisade
393:
370:
347:
322:, was first established at Twenty-seven Mile Bluff as the first capital of the
35:
1597:
1396:
873:
Mobile grew substantially in the period leading up to the Civil War, when the
3281:
2938:
2778:
1949:
Dean Congratulates Sam Jones, First Black Mayor of Mobile, Alabama on Victory
1569:
1218:
opened as an integrated college, planned as such from its inception in 1956.
1214:(1954) that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. In 1964, the
1133:
904:
814:
of the Roman Catholic Church in this same period. What would become known as
657:
638:
536:
309:
217:
2497:
2481:
2461:
460:
as the simplified trade language with the Native Americans from present-day
3223:
2824:
2704:
2689:
2674:
2327:
Mobile, the Life and Times of a Great Southern City: An Illustrated History
1314:
1244:
1199:. Mobile had been more tolerant and racially accommodating than many other
972:
855:
800:
540:
524:
385:
355:
313:
304:
Although Spain's presence in the area had been sporadic, the French, under
216:(Bay of the Holy Spirit). The area was explored in more detail in 1516 by
2514:, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
1925:
1034:
from 1868 until 1879, he made numerous visits to Mobile during this time.
933:, killed some 300 people and destroyed a significant portion of the city.
3004:
2247:
From Fort to Port: An Architectural History of Mobile, Alabama, 1711â1918
1379:
1160:
792:
734:
715:
692:
588:
441:
212:
as early as 1500, with the bay being marked on early Spanish maps as the
2214:
Urban Emancipation: Popular Politics in Reconstruction Mobile, 1860â1890
766:
3170:
2943:
2758:
2669:
2659:
2634:
1357:. St. Clair Shores, MI: Somerset Publishers, Inc. 1998. pp. 55â57.
1274:
1149:
844:
776:
528:
445:
426:
389:
285:
229:
209:
150:
29:
2345:
2069:(Bicentennial ed.). Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
741:
in half, and leaving Mobile, for the next 2 years, as part of the new
3238:
788:
260:
609:
The United States and Spain held long, inconclusive negotiations on
330:. It was founded under the direction of d'Iberville by his brother,
1222:
1195:
Legal racial segregation was ended by congressional passage of the
878:
859:
A map of Mobile Bay and surroundings during the American Civil War.
784:
392:
in 1711. This site had previously been settled five years prior by
346:. The year 1704 saw the arrival of 23 women, known to history as "
169:, the Spanish captured Mobile and retained it by the terms of the
3248:
3243:
3233:
2523:
2291:(Reprint ed.). Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
1289:
1023:
882:
811:
799:. A fire in October 1827 destroyed most of the old city from the
796:
746:
461:
410:
251:, from which the name Mobile was later derived. The battle with
185:
24:
2157:
The Pen Makes a Good Sword: John Forsyth of the Mobile Register
1278:
587:
until 1813 when it was captured by American forces (during the
437:
366:
359:
154:
683:
1444:
University of South Alabama Center for Archaeological Studies
1079:
465:
376:
745:. In 1819, after two years as a territory, the US state of
573:
in 1780, and retained Mobile by the terms of the war-ending
1006:
during the war, this was a regiment of roughly 2,000 white
539:
and re-energized the port. Major exports included timber,
2428:
Why We Are Here: Mobile and the Spirit of a Southern City
1922:
National Weather Service Forecast Office Mobile/Pensacola
1893:
National Weather Service Forecast Office Mobile/Pensacola
1301:
on 16 September 2004. Mobile received damage again from
1192:
combined to become one of the area's largest workforces.
2121:(Louisiana Paperback ed.). Baton Rouge: LSU Press.
1116:
emerged as a leader of African Americans in the 1920s.
645:, not including any territory that had been part of the
577:
in 1783. Mobile was then part of the colonial province
336:
Jean-Baptiste de la Croix de ChevriĂšres de Saint-Vallier
34:), many rivers, bays, Native American settlements &
2197:. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
877:
heavily fortified it. Union naval forces established a
818:
was also established during this time. In 1830, Bishop
783:. Progress was based upon cotton, shipped downriver by
2010:
Forth to the Mighty Conflict: Alabama and World War II
895:
In August 1864 Farragut's ships fought their way past
617:, had established a foothold in the area and resisted
2064:
967:
during the war as policemen in Mobile. While General
546:
471:
2456:, Mobile, Alabama: H.M. McGuire and T.C. Fay, 1837,
2411:. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.
2176:
Cotton City: Urban Development in Antebellum Mobile
1074:
504:Mobile became a part of the "14th British colony",
1174:
803:to Saint Emanuel Street and from Saint Francis to
722:
523:, and under British rule the colony flourished as
3298:1702 establishments in the French colonial empire
2487:
2289:Old Mobile: Fort Louis de la Louisiane, 1702â1711
1252:on behalf of Michael Donald's mother against the
733:Within 4 years, in March 1817, the U.S. state of
271:
3279:
2324:
2280:case studies of Richmond, Virginia, and Mobile.
1284:
613:. In the meantime, American settlers, including
208:Spanish explorers were sailing into the area of
2949:Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception
2249:. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
2178:. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
2159:. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
2088:. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
2086:Mobile: the New History of Alabama's First City
2031:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
2012:. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
1633:
1010:during the war who fought alongside of General
2467:
2110:Bibliography of the history of Mobile, Alabama
1623:
1621:
1431:
1429:
342:. The parish was the first established on the
203:
3191:National African American Archives and Museum
2539:
1939:
1590:
1277:, a joint venture of Australian shipbuilder,
954:was put in charge of the area next. General
407:Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac
123:
2519:1905 Magazine Article with historical photos
2425:
2373:. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
2325:McLaurin, Melton; Thomason, Michael (1981).
2286:
1830:
1828:
1798:
1796:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1860:"Austal USA, Mobile AL Construction Record"
1618:
1562:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1426:
1204:School Board for being denied admission to
936:
761:
598:
543:, indigo, hides, rice, pecans, and cattle.
161:took control of the colony following their
2546:
2532:
2512:âFort Morgan and the Battle of Mobile Bayâ
2231:
2211:
2067:Alabama: The History of a Deep South State
2007:
1678:
1676:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1416:
1414:
850:
332:Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville
130:
116:
3077:Alabama School of Mathematics and Science
1825:
1793:
1714:
1688:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1456:
865:Mobile, Alabama in the American Civil War
2934:Alabama Drydock and Shipbuilding Company
2426:Wilson, Edward O.; Harris, Alex (2012).
2312:(MA thesis). University of South Alabama
2305:
2116:
2083:
2045:
1787:
1766:
1727:
1699:
1682:
1639:
1627:
1532:
1519:
1496:
1484:
1420:
1288:
1138:Alabama Drydock and Shipbuilding Company
1098:
1078:
1056:
854:
765:
682:
672:
553:Spain and the American Revolutionary War
495:
375:
316:in 1702. The settlement, then known as
192:in 1861. It returned in 1865 after the
23:
2492:, Mobile: Commercial Printing Company,
2387:
2343:
2154:
2029:Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama
2026:
1881:
1852:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1760:
1673:
1645:
1411:
1061:Mobile Light and Railway Company c 1894
1002:of New York had been the leader of the
710:A British attempt commanded by Captain
565:The Spanish captured Mobile during the
145:was founded as the capital of colonial
3280:
2406:
2268:. New York: Fordham University Press.
2192:
1910:
1538:
1502:
1473:
2527:
2392:. Charleston, SC: The History Press.
2368:
2263:
2244:
2135:
1804:"Mobile W Title of All American City"
1366:
1364:
1297:Mobile received moderate damage from
921:hit a Confederate mine and sank. The
667:
228:traveled through what was likely the
2173:
1972:
1772:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1318:north of Martin Luther King Avenue.
519:The treaty ceded the Mobile area to
1980:"New Master Plan Coming for Mobile"
1437:"The Old Mobile Project Newsletter"
1184:became a major industry in Mobile.
13:
2553:
2476:, Mobile: Mobile Register print.,
2446:
2103:
1667:"William Darrah 'Pig Iron' Kelley"
1572:Stars and Stripes Raised in Mobile
1361:
816:McGill-Toolen Catholic High School
756:
652:Spain retained its control of the
583:for thirty years, controlled from
547:Spanish West Florida: 1780 to 1812
472:British West Florida: 1763 to 1780
312:, established a settlement on the
266:
14:
3309:
2876:Renaissance Riverview Plaza Hotel
2504:
2245:Gould, Elizabeth Barrett (1988).
1340:
1054:to scare any non-Democrats away.
869:Alabama in the American Civil War
369:aboard a French supply ship from
3262:
3261:
2618:
2117:Bergeron, Arthur W. Jr. (2000).
1382:had been ceded to Spain; see:
1075:Early 20th century: 1900 to 1949
1069:
791:from plantation slave fields in
656:for a few more years, while the
236:, more than eleven years later.
99:
2784:VT Mobile Aerospace Engineering
2764:BAE Systems Southeast Shipyards
2212:Fitzgerald, Michael W. (2002).
2084:Thomason, Michael, ed. (2001).
2001:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1705:
1659:
1175:Late 20th century: 1950 to 1999
1123:
723:Alabama Territory: 1817 to 1819
344:Gulf Coast of the United States
180:, then later re-zoned into the
163:victory in the Seven Years' War
149:in 1702 and remained a part of
3113:Bishop State Community College
2350:History of Education Quarterly
2174:Doss, Harriet E. Amos (2001).
1490:
1389:
1146:Waterman Steamship Corporation
380:Mobile and Fort Condé in 1725.
272:French Louisiana: 1702 to 1763
1:
3097:UMS-Wright Preparatory School
2046:Robinson, Kenneth A. (2013).
1757:Cronenberg (2003), pp. 60â93.
1748:Cronenberg (2003), pp. 19â59.
1333:
1285:21st century: 2000 to present
1142:Gulf Shipbuilding Corporation
190:Confederate States of America
2990:Bellingrath Gardens and Home
2344:Padgett, Charles S. (2001).
2306:Kirkland, Scotty E. (2009).
1957:. 2005-09-16. Archived from
1836:""2005 State of the City" ""
1243:was abducted and lynched by
1004:1st Alabama Cavalry Regiment
943:Christopher Columbus Andrews
753:into a full American state.
7:
3128:University of South Alabama
3092:St. Paul's Episcopal School
3087:McGillâToolen Catholic High
2861:Tallest buildings in Mobile
2739:Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley
2155:Burnett, Lonnie A. (2006).
1739:Rogers (2018), pp. 510â523.
1328:Timeline of Mobile, Alabama
1321:
1293:The Mobile skyline in 2007.
1281:, and Bender Shipbuilding.
1250:Southern Poverty Law Center
1216:University of South Alabama
1211:Brown v. Board of Education
1083:The Mobile skyline in 1909.
749:was formed, converting the
450:Louis Henri, Duc de Bourbon
350:" to the colony aboard the
306:Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville
204:Conquistadors: 1519 to 1559
10:
3314:
3288:History of Mobile, Alabama
2974:Sha'arai Shomayim Cemetery
2616:
2488:Peter J. Hamilton (1912),
2388:Roberts, L. Craig (2015).
2369:Pride, Richard A. (2002).
2287:Higginbotham, Jay (1991).
2216:. Baton Rouge: LSU Press.
2107:
2008:Cronenberg, Allen (1995).
862:
737:was formed, splitting the
726:
714:in September 1814 to take
676:
611:the status of West Florida
602:
567:American Revolutionary War
550:
492:American Revolutionary War
489:
475:
358:introduced to the ship in
319:Fort Louis de la Louisiane
293:
275:
257:TristĂĄn de Luna y Arellano
167:American Revolutionary War
17:
3257:
3209:
3196:Oakleigh Historic Complex
3140:
3105:
3030:
3023:
2982:
2914:
2853:
2830:Mobile Symphony Orchestra
2792:
2731:
2713:
2680:MobileâTensaw River Delta
2627:
2561:
1231:Voting Rights Act of 1965
1090:Mobile Symphony Orchestra
931:Mobile magazine explosion
3148:Battleship Memorial Park
3010:Mobile Botanical Gardens
2769:Continental Motors, Inc.
2581:Battle of Fort Charlotte
2407:Sledge, John S. (2015).
2329:. Windsor Publications.
2136:Bivens, Shawn A. (200).
2027:Fleming, Walter (2015).
1227:Bolden v. City of Mobile
1197:Civil Rights Act of 1964
1012:William Tecumseh Sherman
937:Reconstruction:1865-1877
843:, which became known as
770:A map of Mobile in 1838.
762:Antebellum: 1820 to 1860
687:A map of Mobile in 1815.
623:Republic of West Florida
605:Republic of West Florida
599:Republic of West Florida
571:Battle of Fort Charlotte
486:Battle of Fort Charlotte
222:Alonso Ălvarez de Pineda
214:BahĂa del EspĂritu Santo
106:United States portal
2959:Church Street Graveyard
2881:Mobile Government Plaza
2754:Mobile Regional Airport
2749:Mobile Downtown Airport
2650:Brookley Air Force Base
2490:The Mobile Bicentennial
2468:Saffold Berney (1878),
2140:. Trafford Publishing.
1656:Fleming (2015), p. 482.
1355:Encyclopedia of Alabama
1254:United Klans of America
1182:pulp and paper industry
1130:Brookley Army Air Field
1014:during his campaign in
851:Civil War: 1861 to 1865
512:was signed, ending the
31:Fort Condé de la Mobile
3176:Mobile Carnival Museum
2929:Ahavas Chesed Cemetery
2906:The Battle House Hotel
2871:RSAâBankTrust Building
2866:RSA Battle House Tower
2596:Battle of Spanish Fort
2264:Green, Hilary (2016).
2193:Don H., Doyle (1990).
2050:. Mod Mobilian Press.
1384:Treaty of Paris (1763)
1311:RSA Battle House Tower
1294:
1148:, focused on building
1104:
1084:
1062:
860:
771:
688:
561:Treaty of Paris (1783)
527:. The British renamed
501:
415:Jean-Michel de Lepinay
381:
290:Treaty of Paris (1763)
282:Louisiana (New France)
41:
2886:Regions Bank Building
1546:"Historic Fort Conde"
1376:French and Indian War
1292:
1103:Map of Mobile in 1919
1102:
1082:
1060:
881:under the command of
858:
769:
739:Mississippi Territory
705:Mississippi Territory
686:
679:Mississippi Territory
673:Mississippi Territory
514:French and Indian War
499:
423:Company of the Indies
379:
300:French and Indian War
178:Mississippi Territory
27:
3181:Mobile Museum of Art
3123:University of Mobile
2901:Van Antwerp Building
2810:Mardi Gras in Mobile
2774:Signal International
2591:Battle of Mobile Bay
2390:Mardi Gras in Mobile
1578:Archives.state.al.us
1397:"History of Alabama"
912:Battle of Mobile Bay
662:Baton Rouge District
557:Spanish West Florida
508:, in 1763, when the
506:British West Florida
478:British West Florida
3118:Spring Hill College
3048:LeFlore Magnet High
2896:Providence Hospital
2820:Mobile Civic Center
2815:Mobile Arts Council
2474:Handbook of Alabama
1769:, pp. 7260â261
1468:Higginbotham (1991)
1190:International Paper
1186:Scott Paper Company
824:Spring Hill College
482:Gulf Coast campaign
3201:Richards DAR House
2840:People from Mobile
2800:Azalea Trail Maids
2610:Magazine explosion
2119:Confederate Mobile
1864:The Colton Company
1790:, pp. 271â275
1730:, pp. 213â217
1702:, pp. 154â169
1685:, pp. 127â137
1470:, pp. 106â107
1295:
1264:Hurricane Frederic
1206:Murphy High School
1144:, a subsidiary of
1105:
1085:
1063:
1045:was instituted by
1008:Southern Unionists
965:United States Army
960:United States Army
947:United States Army
861:
841:American Civil War
772:
689:
668:Territorial period
664:in December 1810.
660:seized the former
647:Louisiana Purchase
641:, and east of the
580:Florida Occidental
502:
382:
226:PĂĄnfilo de NarvĂĄez
194:American Civil War
48:History of Alabama
42:
3275:
3274:
3136:
3135:
3038:Mobile County PSS
2969:Magnolia Cemetery
2954:Catholic Cemetery
2891:Wachovia Building
2665:Government Street
2640:Airport Boulevard
2234:Civil War History
1986:. 10 January 2008
1399:. Online Highways
1303:Hurricane Katrina
1165:Brookley Aeroplex
1157:-class destroyers
1000:George E. Spencer
993:brigadier general
977:William D. Kelley
805:Government Street
751:Alabama Territory
743:Alabama Territory
729:Alabama Territory
701:Stars and Stripes
643:Mississippi River
629:and unfurled the
308:from his base at
182:Alabama Territory
140:
139:
81:African-Americans
3305:
3265:
3264:
3186:Museum of Mobile
3028:
3027:
3000:Cathedral Square
2995:Bienville Square
2622:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2525:
2524:
2500:
2484:
2464:
2454:Mobile Directory
2441:
2422:
2409:The Mobile River
2403:
2384:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2340:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2302:
2279:
2260:
2241:
2227:
2208:
2189:
2170:
2151:
2132:
2099:
2080:
2061:
2042:
2023:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1924:. Archived from
1914:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1895:. Archived from
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1866:. Archived from
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1832:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1810:. Archived from
1800:
1791:
1785:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1755:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1731:
1725:
1712:
1711:Robinson (2013).
1709:
1703:
1697:
1686:
1680:
1671:
1670:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1643:
1637:
1631:
1625:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1550:Museum of Mobile
1542:
1536:
1535:, pp. 30â32
1530:
1517:
1511:
1500:
1499:, pp. 17â27
1494:
1488:
1487:, pp. 20â21
1482:
1471:
1465:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1441:
1433:
1424:
1418:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1393:
1387:
1372:Seven Years' War
1368:
1359:
1358:
1351:
986:African-American
910:, in the famous
631:Bonnie Blue Flag
429:, further west.
340:Bishop of Quebec
296:Seven Years' War
253:Chief Tuscaloosa
234:Hernando de Soto
218:Diego de Miruelo
147:French Louisiana
132:
125:
118:
104:
103:
102:
44:
43:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3271:
3253:
3205:
3132:
3101:
3063:Williamson High
3058:B. C. Rain High
3019:
3015:Mardi Gras Park
2978:
2910:
2849:
2845:Saenger Theatre
2788:
2727:
2709:
2645:Blakeley Island
2623:
2614:
2557:
2552:
2507:
2452:
2449:
2447:Older histories
2444:
2438:
2419:
2400:
2381:
2359:
2357:
2337:
2315:
2313:
2299:
2276:
2257:
2224:
2205:
2186:
2167:
2148:
2129:
2112:
2106:
2104:Further reading
2096:
2077:
2058:
2039:
2020:
2004:
1999:
1998:
1989:
1987:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1964:
1962:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1931:
1929:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1902:
1900:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1873:
1871:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1844:
1842:
1834:
1833:
1826:
1817:
1815:
1802:
1801:
1794:
1788:Thomason (2001)
1786:
1773:
1767:Thomason (2001)
1765:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1728:Thomason (2001)
1726:
1715:
1710:
1706:
1700:Thomason (2001)
1698:
1689:
1683:Thomason (2001)
1681:
1674:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1655:
1646:
1640:Thomason (2001)
1638:
1634:
1628:Thomason (2001)
1626:
1619:
1610:
1608:
1600:Mobile, Alabama
1596:
1595:
1591:
1582:
1580:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1554:
1552:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1533:Thomason (2001)
1531:
1520:
1512:
1503:
1497:Thomason (2001)
1495:
1491:
1485:Thomason (2001)
1483:
1474:
1466:
1457:
1448:
1446:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1423:, pp. 7â14
1421:Thomason (2001)
1419:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1369:
1362:
1353:
1352:
1341:
1336:
1324:
1287:
1237:Racial equality
1177:
1126:
1114:John L. LeFlore
1094:Saenger Theatre
1077:
1072:
971:was in charge,
939:
927:Jefferson Davis
871:
863:Main articles:
853:
820:Michael Portier
764:
759:
757:After statehood
731:
725:
697:James Wilkinson
681:
675:
670:
654:Mobile District
607:
601:
593:James Wilkinson
575:Treaty of Paris
563:
551:Main articles:
549:
510:Treaty of Paris
494:
488:
476:Main articles:
474:
458:Mobilian Jargon
454:prince of Condé
432:The capital of
348:casquette girls
302:
292:
278:Old Mobile Site
276:Main articles:
274:
269:
267:Colonial period
247:, also spelled
220:and in 1519 by
206:
171:Treaty of Paris
136:
100:
98:
22:
20:Mobile, Alabama
12:
11:
5:
3311:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3229:Press-Register
3226:
3221:
3215:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3158:
3144:
3142:
3138:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3034:
3032:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2964:Fort Charlotte
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2918:
2916:
2915:Historic sites
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2857:
2855:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2835:Mystic society
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2744:Port of Mobile
2741:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2685:Old Shell Road
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2624:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2555:City of Mobile
2551:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2516:
2506:
2505:External links
2503:
2502:
2501:
2485:
2465:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2437:978-0871404701
2436:
2423:
2418:978-1611174854
2417:
2404:
2399:978-1626197282
2398:
2385:
2380:978-0252075940
2379:
2366:
2341:
2336:978-0897810203
2335:
2322:
2303:
2298:978-0817305284
2297:
2284:
2275:978-0823270125
2274:
2261:
2256:978-0817302566
2255:
2242:
2229:
2222:
2209:
2204:978-0807842706
2203:
2190:
2184:
2171:
2165:
2152:
2147:978-1412002172
2146:
2133:
2127:
2113:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2094:
2081:
2075:
2062:
2057:978-0984890934
2056:
2043:
2038:978-1507878446
2037:
2024:
2019:978-0817307370
2018:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1984:City of Mobile
1971:
1955:"Democrats.org
1938:
1909:
1880:
1851:
1840:City of Mobile
1824:
1808:City of Mobile
1792:
1771:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1713:
1704:
1687:
1672:
1658:
1644:
1632:
1617:
1606:US-History.com
1589:
1561:
1537:
1518:
1501:
1489:
1472:
1455:
1425:
1410:
1388:
1360:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1323:
1320:
1299:Hurricane Ivan
1286:
1283:
1258:all-white jury
1241:Michael Donald
1176:
1173:
1125:
1122:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1043:Reconstruction
996:Willard Warner
938:
935:
886:David Farragut
852:
849:
763:
760:
758:
755:
727:Main article:
724:
721:
677:Main article:
674:
671:
669:
666:
637:, west of the
603:Main article:
600:
597:
548:
545:
533:Fort Charlotte
473:
470:
402:Antoine Crozat
394:Charles Rochon
371:Saint-Domingue
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:in 1559â1561.
205:
202:
165:. During the
138:
137:
135:
134:
127:
120:
112:
109:
108:
95:
94:
93:
92:
76:
71:
69:U.S. Civil War
66:
61:
51:
50:
18:Main article:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3310:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3268:
3260:
3259:
3256:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3208:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3082:Faith Academy
3080:
3078:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3043:Davidson High
3041:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2939:Boyington Oak
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2913:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2779:Volkert, Inc.
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2695:Spanish River
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2621:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2586:Civil War era
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2544:
2542:
2537:
2535:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2439:
2433:
2430:. Liveright.
2429:
2424:
2420:
2414:
2410:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2391:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2372:
2367:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2342:
2338:
2332:
2328:
2323:
2311:
2310:
2304:
2300:
2294:
2290:
2285:
2283:
2282:online review
2277:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2240:(3): 240â256.
2239:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2223:0-8071-2837-6
2219:
2215:
2210:
2206:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2185:0-8173-1120-3
2181:
2177:
2172:
2168:
2166:9780817357603
2162:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2143:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2128:0-8071-2573-3
2124:
2120:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2097:
2095:0-8173-1065-7
2091:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2076:9780817359171
2072:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2005:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1961:on 2006-12-18
1960:
1956:
1952:
1950:
1942:
1928:on 2007-06-25
1927:
1923:
1919:
1913:
1899:on 2004-09-23
1898:
1894:
1890:
1884:
1870:on 2007-10-17
1869:
1865:
1861:
1855:
1841:
1837:
1831:
1829:
1814:on 2007-10-17
1813:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1768:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1729:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1708:
1701:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1684:
1679:
1677:
1668:
1662:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1642:, p. 153
1641:
1636:
1629:
1624:
1622:
1607:
1603:
1601:
1593:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1565:
1551:
1547:
1541:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1516:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1498:
1493:
1486:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1445:
1438:
1432:
1430:
1422:
1417:
1415:
1398:
1392:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1365:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1339:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1291:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1134:Liberty ships
1131:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1110:
1101:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1081:
1070:Modern period
1067:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
994:
991:
987:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
961:
957:
953:
948:
944:
934:
932:
928:
924:
920:
919:
913:
909:
908:
902:
898:
893:
891:
887:
884:
880:
876:
870:
866:
857:
848:
846:
842:
838:
837:
831:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
808:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
768:
754:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
730:
720:
717:
713:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
685:
680:
665:
663:
659:
658:United States
655:
650:
648:
644:
640:
639:Perdido River
636:
635:31st parallel
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
606:
596:
594:
590:
586:
582:
581:
576:
572:
568:
562:
558:
554:
544:
542:
538:
537:queen consort
534:
530:
526:
522:
521:Great Britain
517:
515:
511:
507:
498:
493:
487:
483:
479:
469:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
436:was moved to
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
409:, founder of
408:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
378:
374:
372:
368:
365:
361:
357:
354:, along with
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:French colony
321:
320:
315:
311:
310:Fort Maurepas
307:
301:
297:
291:
287:
283:
279:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
174:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
133:
128:
126:
121:
119:
114:
113:
111:
110:
107:
97:
96:
91:
90:
86:
82:
77:
75:
72:
70:
67:
65:
64:Pre-statehood
62:
60:
59:
55:
54:
53:
52:
49:
46:
45:
39:
38:
37:Isle Dauphine
33:
32:
26:
21:
16:
3293:West Florida
3224:Mod Mobilian
3162:
3154:
3067:
2983:Green spaces
2854:Architecture
2825:Mobile Opera
2705:Toulminville
2690:Pinto Island
2675:Mobile River
2602:
2562:
2511:
2489:
2473:
2453:
2427:
2408:
2389:
2370:
2358:. Retrieved
2356:(2): 167â188
2353:
2349:
2326:
2314:. Retrieved
2308:
2288:
2265:
2246:
2237:
2233:
2213:
2194:
2175:
2156:
2137:
2118:
2085:
2066:
2047:
2028:
2009:
2002:Bibliography
1988:. Retrieved
1983:
1974:
1963:. Retrieved
1959:the original
1954:
1948:
1941:
1930:. Retrieved
1926:the original
1921:
1912:
1901:. Retrieved
1897:the original
1892:
1883:
1872:. Retrieved
1868:the original
1863:
1854:
1843:. Retrieved
1839:
1816:. Retrieved
1812:the original
1807:
1762:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1707:
1661:
1635:
1630:, p. 67
1609:. Retrieved
1605:
1599:
1592:
1581:. Retrieved
1577:
1571:
1564:
1553:. Retrieved
1549:
1540:
1492:
1447:. Retrieved
1443:
1401:. Retrieved
1391:
1354:
1315:urban design
1296:
1272:
1268:
1262:
1245:Ku Klux Klan
1235:
1226:
1220:
1209:
1194:
1178:
1169:
1161:minesweepers
1154:
1127:
1124:World War II
1118:
1106:
1086:
1064:
1036:
1022:represented
988:population.
975:congressman
973:Pennsylvania
940:
922:
917:
906:
894:
875:Confederates
872:
834:
832:
828:Jesuit Order
809:
801:Mobile River
773:
732:
709:
690:
651:
608:
579:
564:
541:naval stores
525:West Florida
518:
503:
448:in honor of
431:
397:
386:Mobile River
383:
356:yellow fever
351:
318:
314:Mobile River
303:
248:
244:
238:
224:. In 1528,
213:
207:
175:
141:
79:
56:
36:
30:
15:
3053:Murphy High
3005:Langan Park
2700:Spring Hill
1380:New Orleans
1109:segregation
1039:Republicans
901:Fort Morgan
897:Fort Gaines
793:Mississippi
781:New Orleans
735:Mississippi
716:Fort Bowyer
712:Henry Percy
693:War of 1812
691:Before the
627:Baton Rouge
589:War of 1812
569:during the
442:Mississippi
157:. In 1763,
3282:Categories
3171:Fort Conde
3069:Baker High
2944:Duffie Oak
2759:Austal USA
2670:Mobile Bay
2660:Fowl River
2635:Africatown
2108:See also:
1990:2008-01-28
1965:2007-05-09
1932:2007-05-09
1903:2007-05-09
1874:2007-11-02
1845:2007-11-15
1818:2007-11-15
1611:2007-05-05
1583:2007-05-05
1555:2007-10-18
1449:2007-11-19
1334:References
1275:Austal USA
1150:freighters
1032:Republican
845:Africatown
777:Gulf Coast
535:after the
529:Fort Condé
490:See also:
446:Fort Condé
440:, (now in
427:Old Biloxi
398:Fort Louis
390:Mobile Bay
294:See also:
286:New France
230:Mobile Bay
210:Mobile Bay
151:New France
74:Since 1900
3219:Lagniappe
3161:USS
3153:USS
3024:Education
2655:Dog River
2628:Geography
2576:Formation
2498:23365574M
2482:24232267M
2462:22886873M
1515:MoM-Other
1307:Sam Jones
1051:Democrats
916:USS
907:Tennessee
905:CSS
833:In 1860,
830:in 1847.
789:steamboat
615:Loyalists
585:Pensacola
434:Louisiana
328:Louisiana
261:Pensacola
198:Civil War
173:in 1783.
3267:Category
3106:Tertiary
2714:Politics
2604:Clotilda
2571:Timeline
2470:"Mobile"
1322:See also
1223:at-large
1201:Southern
1155:Fletcher
1092:and the
1047:Congress
923:Tecumseh
918:Tecumseh
879:blockade
836:Clotilda
822:founded
785:flatboat
779:, after
591:) under
421:and his
419:John Law
241:Muscogee
89:Politics
78:Topics:
3249:WPMI 15
3239:WFNA 55
3234:WALA 10
3155:Alabama
3141:Museums
2805:Bayfest
2793:Culture
2732:Economy
2720:Mayor (
2563:History
2360:June 7,
2316:June 7,
1403:June 6,
1136:at its
1026:in the
1024:Alabama
1020:Spencer
1016:Georgia
945:of the
883:Admiral
812:diocese
797:Alabama
747:Alabama
619:Spanish
462:Florida
411:Detroit
364:African
352:PĂ©lican
249:Maubila
245:Mauvila
186:Alabama
159:Britain
58:By year
3244:WKRG 5
2921:NRHP (
2496:
2480:
2460:
2434:
2415:
2396:
2377:
2333:
2295:
2272:
2253:
2220:
2201:
2182:
2163:
2144:
2125:
2092:
2073:
2054:
2035:
2016:
1279:Austal
1159:, and
1041:after
1028:Senate
990:Brevet
890:Hunley
559:, and
484:, and
438:Biloxi
367:slaves
360:Havana
288:, and
155:Biloxi
143:Mobile
85:Cities
3211:Media
1440:(PDF)
1374:(aka
1030:as a
466:Texas
3163:Drum
3031:Kâ12
2923:list
2722:list
2432:ISBN
2413:ISBN
2394:ISBN
2375:ISBN
2362:2024
2331:ISBN
2318:2024
2293:ISBN
2270:ISBN
2251:ISBN
2218:ISBN
2199:ISBN
2180:ISBN
2161:ISBN
2142:ISBN
2123:ISBN
2090:ISBN
2071:ISBN
2052:ISBN
2033:ISBN
2014:ISBN
1405:2024
1370:The
1188:and
1096:.
981:Pope
969:Pope
956:Pope
952:Pope
899:and
867:and
795:and
452:and
388:and
298:and
787:or
531:as
464:to
326:of
3284::
2494:OL
2478:OL
2472:,
2458:OL
2354:41
2352:.
2348:.
2238:39
2236:.
1982:.
1953:.
1920:.
1891:.
1862:.
1838:.
1827:^
1806:.
1795:^
1774:^
1716:^
1690:^
1675:^
1647:^
1620:^
1604:.
1576:.
1548:.
1521:^
1504:^
1475:^
1458:^
1442:.
1428:^
1413:^
1363:^
1342:^
1167:.
1152:,
1018:,
707:.
649:.
595:.
555:,
516:.
480:,
468:.
338:,
284:,
280:,
200:.
87:-
83:-
2925:)
2724:)
2547:e
2540:t
2533:v
2440:.
2421:.
2402:.
2383:.
2364:.
2339:.
2320:.
2301:.
2278:.
2259:.
2228:.
2226:.
2207:.
2188:.
2169:.
2150:.
2131:.
2098:.
2079:.
2060:.
2041:.
2022:.
1993:.
1968:.
1951:"
1947:"
1935:.
1906:.
1877:.
1848:.
1821:.
1669:.
1614:.
1602:"
1598:"
1586:.
1574:"
1570:"
1558:.
1452:.
1407:.
1386:.
131:e
124:t
117:v
40:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
