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History of Rutgers University

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387:, at the end of his life, gave the college a gift of almost $ 19,000 (equivalent to $ 316,000 in 2023) in various forms. It was one of the largest financial donations made by an Old Queen's trustee at the time and helped the college ease some of the financial burden it was facing after being closed from 1795 to 1807. Donations such as his along with Andrew Kirkpatrick and Ira Condict helped save the college through the rough financial situation it was facing in the late 1790s and early 1800s. During its early years, the college developed as a classic liberal arts institution, and this development (coupled with both institutions' growing larger and resulting in overcrowding at the site), caused Rutgers College and the New Brunswick Theological Seminary to sever this arrangement. In 1856, the Seminary relocated to a seven-acre (28,000 m) tract less than one-half mile (800m) away. Both institutions maintain a close-knit relationship to this day, and the Seminary's Gardner Sage Library participates in the Rutgers University Library system. 334: 146: 22: 627:(UMDNJ). While this committee's report advocated such a merger, citing benefits such as increased power in applying for and receiving funds from medical, scientific and technological grant programs and corporate investment, this plan was unpopular with alumni, students, and faculty at these institutions and was misunderstood by the residents of New Jersey who were to vote on the proposal. Under mounting political pressure, Governor McGreevey withdrew plans for the merger. 450:. The land given through the act was previously owned by the Lenni Lenape people which had been relocated to the West by this point. They were not consulted on the use of the land. Further expansion in the sciences came with the founding of the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station in 1880 and the division of the Rutgers Scientific School into the College of Engineering (now the School of Engineering) in 1914 and the College of Agriculture (now the 242:, renewing Frelinghuysen's efforts to gain the Synod's approval, but was also rejected. Hardenbergh then appealed to King George III of Great Britain, which further antagonized the authorities in Amsterdam. And on November 10, 1766, William Franklin, royal governor of New Jersey, granted a charter for Queen's College, with many prominent men supporting this new institution. 423:), gave the fledgling college a $ 200 bell that hangs from the cupola of the Old Queen's building; then later in 1826 he donated the interest on a $ 5,000 bond. This second donation finally gave the college the sound financial footing it had sorely needed. The college's early troubles inspired numerous student songs, including an adaptation of the drinking song 306:. The Anglican population in New Brunswick supported the institution, thus receiving a royal charter for New Brunswick would be easier. The school admitted its first students in 1771—a single sophomore and a handful of first-year students taught by a lone instructor (Frederick Frelinghuysen) —and granted its first degree in 1774, to 415:(1745–1830). According to the Board of Trustees, Colonel Rutgers was honored because he epitomized Christian values, the Colonel was a wealthy bachelor known for his philanthropy. A year after the school renamed itself, it received 2 donations from its namesake. Rutgers, a descendant of an old Dutch family that had settled in 195:
The Great Awakening of the 18th century helped to bring about conditions that lead to wanting the aforesaid autonomy and led to the formation of Queen's College. Due to this, scholars such as Benjamin Justice and Thomas J. Frusciano called Queen's College "Child of the Awakening" in their sub-heading
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The original purpose of Queen's College was to "educate the youth in language, liberal, the divinity, and useful arts and sciences" and for the training of future ministers for the Dutch Reformed Church—though the university is now non-sectarian and makes no religious demands on its students. In May
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Many of the present day buildings were named after these men. This includes men such as John Hardenburgh (the first president), John Henry Livingston (1810–1824 president), the Reverend (Phillip Milledoler (Rutgers president, 1824–40) Henry Rutgers (whom eventually the college was named after), and
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The college also received substantial donations of land and money from slaveholders, including James Parker, John Neilson, James Neilson, Elias Van Bunschooten, and Henry Rutgers. James Neilson owned “Negro Jack” and “Negro Sampson" according to his will. Reverend Simeon Van Artsdalen owned "black
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Many early trustees of Queen's College gained wealth through their participation in the transatlantic slave trade and exploiting slave labor. These slaveholding trustees included Philip Livingston, Robert Livingston, Frederick Frelinghuysen, Jacob Hardenbergh, Theodorus Van Wyck, Peter Schenck,
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Some of the college's earliest students also came from the prominent slaveholding families of the area, including the Schencks, Van Cortlandts, Van Hornes, and the Parkers. The Parker Family owned slaves up until the 1820s, when they last manumitted a 35-year-old woman named Charlotte, and a
330:). The measure failed by one vote. The problem did not go away, and in 1795, lacking both funds and tutors, the trustees consider moving the college to New York. Instead, they decide to close, only to reopen in 1808 after the Trustees raised $ 12,000 (equivalent to $ 229,000 in 2023). 202:
The conflict created by this movement allowed for men like Theodorus Jacobus Frelinghuysen to call for independence from the classis of Amsterdam. Protestant churches such as the Dutch Reformed Church wanted independence in order to offer opportunities for the
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corporate headquarters in New Brunswick. When the Revolutionary War broke out, and taverns were suspected by the British as being hotbeds of rebel activity, the college abandoned the tavern and held classes in private houses, in and near New Brunswick.
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The first Summer Session began in 1913 with one six-week session. That summer program offered 47 courses and had an enrollment of 314 students. Currently, Summer Session offers over 1,000 courses to more than 15,000 students on the
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In 2012, UMDNJ merged with Rutgers by act of the New Jersey state legislature, creating the Rutgers School of Biomedical and Health Sciences. In 2016, President Barack Obama spoke at the university commencement. The following year
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Abraham Hasbrouck, Jacob Dunham, John Schuneman, and Philip French. This also included Colonel Johannes Hardenbergh and Charles Hardenbergh, who owned Sojourner Truth and her parents, Bomefree and Mau-Mau Bett, among other slaves.
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to appeal to the General Synod, the Dutch Reformed Church's governing council, for the creation of the classis. In 1761, the effort having failed, Frelinghuysen set sail for the colonies, but as his vessel approached
454:) in 1921. The precursors to several other Rutgers divisions were also established during this period: the College of Pharmacy (now the Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy) in 1892, the New Jersey College for Women (now 325:
In its early years, Queen's College was plagued by a lack of funds. In 1793, with the fledgling college falling on hard times, the board of trustees voted on a resolution to merge with the College of New Jersey (now
1128: 2125: 172:) by Presbyterians in 1746, ministers of the Dutch Reformed Church sought to establish autonomy in ecclesiastical affairs. At that time, those who wanted to become ministers within the church had to travel to the 1522: 646:, the largest health network in New Jersey. The partnership integrated the school's clinical operations with RWJBH medical group facilities, effectively making every hospital in the health network a 535:
Since the 1950s, Rutgers has continued to expand, especially in the area of graduate education. The Graduate School-New Brunswick, and professional schools have been established in such areas as
458:) in 1918, and the School of Education in 1924. Later, University College, founded to serve part-time, commuting students and Livingston College, emphasizing the urban experience, were created. 207:
of ministers in the colonies without sending them on a long, expensive and difficult trip to Europe. More ministers were needed, ironically, as churches grew as a result of the Great Awakening.
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in the university's 257 year history, citing the lack of progress on contract talks between union representatives and university officials. As a result, classes and research were suspended.
597:) became co-educational in the 1960s and 1970s. On September 10, 1970, after several years of debate and planning, the board of governors voted to admit women into the previously all-male 585:
A nationwide trend, caused mostly out of the civil rights and women's rights movements, caused many male-only colleges to alter their admissions policies to accept women and thus become
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The school now called Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, was chartered on November 10, 1766, as "the trustees of Queen's College, in New-Jersey" in honor of
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to satisfy all three categories. Seven of the colonial colleges remained private institutions. Of the two that became state institutions, Rutgers and
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which gave federal aid to developing agricultural schools, resulting in the establishment of the Rutgers Scientific School, featuring departments of
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of New Jersey under legislation passed in 1945 and 1956. At present, Rutgers is unique as the only university in the United States that is a
601:. Today, Douglass Residential College (originally the New Jersey College for Women) remains all-female, while the rest of the university is 1348: 524:, chiefly an advisory body, charged also with maintaining the assets of the college and its continuity from the 1766 charter, as well as a 2184: 1945: 1532: 1487: 352:(who also designed City Hall in Manhattan), which is regarded today by architectural experts as one of the nation's finest examples of 1975: 1965: 1827: 1415: 1160: 980:(1770) in Special Collections and University Archives, Archibald S. Alexander Library, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey. 466: 2316: 1970: 1757: 1745: 121: 1104: 810: 650:
and creating one of the largest integrated health systems in the country. The agreement also included a major investment to the
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Diaz, Junot; Frusciano, Tom; Qualls, Barry; Hamrick, Flo; Warren, Elizabeth; Logue, Marie (2015-11-10). Congress, Nita (ed.).
1822: 1454: 1026: 230:(later Rutgers' first president) established himself as spokesperson for the cause, and a strong supporter of establishing a 1219:"3 unions representing about 9,000 Rutgers University faculty and staff to begin historic strike over contract negotiations" 2211: 2135: 1955: 1684: 1630: 1572: 1471: 2227: 1797: 1655: 1644: 579: 1725: 1640: 1218: 1138:
18A:65-1 et seq. (Public Law 1956, chapter 61) repealing and succeeding P.L. 1945, c.49, p.115. accessed 8 August 2006.
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in 1945 and 1956. Before the 1956 law went into effect, the board of trustees voted to divest itself of the
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So throughout the 1750s, Dutch ministers joined the effort to create a classis in the colonies, including
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consisting of eleven members: five members selected by the board of trustees, and six appointed by the
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1771, the board of trustees voted 10 to 7 to establish the college at New Brunswick, selecting it over
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with the lyrics "Here's a toast to old Rutgers, loyal men/May she ne'er go down but to rise again."
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owned Tom and Margaret, and James Schureman owned Jane and Anthony, as listed in their wills.
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Despite the religious nature of the college, it first held classes at a tavern called the
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located on the corner of Albany and Neilson streets on what is today the grounds of the
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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Reilly, Kristina Sgueglia, Elizabeth Wolfe, Artemis Moshtaghian, Liam (2023-04-10).
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was the commencement speaker and received an honorary doctorate in the fine arts.
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Toney and his wife Peg" and their two children, who were unnamed in his will.
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The next year, the college got a building of its own, affectionately called "
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in 1924. Originally established as a private institution affiliated with the
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Rutgers was designated the State University of New Jersey by acts of the
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Educating Republicans: The College in the Era of the American Revolution
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In February 2021, the University announced an agreement between the
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affiliated and governed by the college. This institution, today the
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to explore the possibility of merging Rutgers University with the
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A nationwide economic depression, combined with effects from the
231: 571:. number of these schools offer undergraduate programs as well. 61:) is an institution of higher learning with campuses across the 1049:
Scarlet and Black: Slavery and Dispossession in Rutgers History
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Scarlet and Black: Slavery and Dispossession in Rutgers History
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Scarlet and Black: Slavery and Dispossession in Rutgers History
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Shortly after the creation of the College of New Jersey (later
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Computationally Advanced Infrastructure Partnerships Center
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Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (Piscataway campus)
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Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy
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Rutgers College was renamed Rutgers University in 1924.
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colleges established during the American colonial period
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Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (Newark campus)
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Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology
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to give local autonomy to the church in the colonies.
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White, Fuentes, Deborah, Marisa (December 20, 2016).
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White, Fuentes, Deborah, Marisa (December 20, 2016).
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Reformed church seminaries and theological colleges
1571: 747:Note: Rutgers is the only one of the original nine 657:On April 9, 2023, three unions voted to go on the 625:University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey 582:, hosted New Jersey's Constitutional Conventions. 298:, was a part of the college community until 1957. 156:'s son John lived in this building, known as the 120:, it is now a secular institution and became the 2406: 1685:School of Health Professions (Piscataway campus) 1150:, Rutgers University, Retrieved on 6 August 2006 995:Fuentes, Marisa J.; White, Deborah Gray (2016). 1680:School of Environmental and Biological Sciences 1023:"Paths to Historic Rutgers: A Self-Guided Tour" 968:at Rutgers University, accessed 12 August 2006. 452:School of Environmental and Biological Sciences 375:, as both were then under the oversight of the 140: 1991:Connecticut–Rutgers women's basketball rivalry 1651:Rutgers Business School (New Brunswick campus) 1543:Rutgers Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences 1493:Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine 1297:Robson, David W. "Hardenbergh, Jacob Rutsen" 1046: 892: 809:. Rutgers University Libraries. Archived from 755:, only Rutgers was named a land-grant college. 348:" (still standing), designed by the architect 2243:George F Smith Library of the Health Sciences 1342: 1040: 383:, then the only structure on campus. In 1815 180:, and many of the affairs of churches in the 2136:School of Health Professions (Newark campus) 1241:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1061:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 994: 907:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 473:game ever played. Rutgers won the game 6–4. 132:(1864), and a state university (1945/1956). 2185:Rutgers Computer and Technology Law Journal 2145:School of Public Affairs and Administration 1700:School of Public Health (Piscataway campus) 1010:Rutgers College and the American Revolution 978:A Charter for Queen's College in New Jersey 863:"A Historical Sketch of Rutgers University" 840:. Third Millennium Publishing. p. 16. 58:Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 1533:New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station 1488:BioMaPS Institute for Quantitative Biology 1349: 1335: 1124: 1122: 801: 799: 797: 795: 793: 791: 789: 787: 785: 783: 781: 465:is said to have its start at Rutgers. The 356:. The college's third president, the Rev. 77:, and two other campuses in the cities of 1999: 779: 777: 775: 773: 771: 769: 767: 765: 763: 761: 467:1869 New Jersey vs. Rutgers football game 398: 1695:School of Nursing (New Brunswick campus) 1690:School of Management and Labor Relations 1523:Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences 954: 952: 950: 948: 946: 944: 942: 940: 938: 389: 332: 282:(1730–1813), the last Royal Governor of 144: 2149:School of Public Health (Newark campus) 2116:Rutgers Business School (Newark campus) 1670:School of Communication and Information 1285:A History of Rutgers College, 1766–1924 1119: 936: 934: 932: 930: 928: 926: 924: 922: 920: 918: 2407: 1538:Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences 1356: 1216: 758: 652:Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey 500:New Jersey's leading public university 199:Rutgers: A 250th Anniversary Portrait. 2259: 2212:Bears & Eagles Riverfront Stadium 2058: 1570: 1330: 1183: 1015: 860: 837:Rutgers: A 250th Anniversary Portrait 1746:Center for Women's Global Leadership 1255: 1094: 1025:. Rutgers University. Archived from 990: 988: 986: 915: 888: 886: 884: 882: 829: 827: 96:on 10 November 1766. It was renamed 15: 2228:American Insurance Company Building 580:first intercollegiate football game 461:Aside from academics, the sport of 13: 2342:University College (Camden campus) 2154:University College (Newark campus) 2121:Rutgers Law School (Newark campus) 1641:Robert Wood Johnson Medical School 1277: 959:Rutgers Through the Years Timeline 681:Lists of universities and colleges 640:Robert Wood Johnson Medical School 621:New Jersey Institute of Technology 493:campuses, off-campus, and abroad. 367:, founded in 1784, relocated from 365:New Brunswick Theological Seminary 340:, oldest extant building on campus 265: 212:Theodorus Jacobus Frelinghuysen II 14: 2431: 2337:School of Nursing (Camden campus) 2260: 2141:School of Nursing (Newark campus) 2059: 1558:Waksman Institute of Microbiology 1315: 1097:"Princeton Yearly Results (1869)" 983: 879: 824: 686:List of Rutgers University people 615:appointed a committee chaired by 276:Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 223:he mysteriously perished at sea. 1503:Center for Urban Policy Research 434:of New Jersey in 1864 under the 20: 1616:Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy 1574:New Brunswick/Piscataway Campus 1422:On the Banks of the Old Raritan 1292:Rutgers: A Bicentennial History 1249: 1210: 1177: 1153: 1141: 1101:College Football Data Warehouse 1088: 1069: 1003: 720:"Colonel Henry Rutgers Society" 196:for their chapter for the book 1910:Rutgers Agricultural Field Day 1721:Archibald S. Alexander Library 1636:Mason Gross School of the Arts 1513:Eagleton Institute of Politics 971: 854: 741: 712: 394:Col. Henry Rutgers (1745–1830) 373:Queen's College Grammar School 254:23-year-old man named Edward. 1: 2415:History of Rutgers University 1736:Daniel S. Schanck Observatory 1548:Rutgers Cooperative Extension 706: 226:After Frelinghuysen's death, 2293:College of Arts and Sciences 2096:College of Arts and Sciences 1741:Douglass Residential College 1631:Graduate School of Education 1301:(1999) the first president; 456:Douglass Residential College 141:Early history and conception 69:its main flagship campus in 7: 2207:Golden Dome Athletic Center 1793:Rutgers Ecological Preserve 1656:School of Arts and Sciences 1299:American National Biography 1085:accessed 10 September 2006. 753:College of William and Mary 664: 578:, built on the site of the 574:In both 1947 and 1966, the 551:, applied and professional 430:Rutgers College became the 92:, Rutgers was chartered as 10: 2436: 2317:Rutgers School of Business 2126:School of Criminal Justice 1528:National Transit Institute 1184:Stack, Liam (2023-04-10). 510:Rutgers Preparatory School 469:has been called the first 409:American Revolutionary War 377:Reformed Church in America 296:Rutgers Preparatory School 238:. 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S. 514:Colgate-Palmolive Company 29:This article needs to be 2233:John Cotton Dana Library 2007:College Avenue Gymnasium 1553:Rutgers University Press 1012:, accessed July 12, 2006 576:College Avenue Gymnasium 425:Down Among the Dead Men, 286:and illegitimate son of 246:Theodore Frelinghuysen. 228:Jacob Rutsen Hardenbergh 150:Jacob Rutsen Hardenbergh 1290:McCormick, Richard P. 1287:(1924), popular history 154:Theodorus Frelinghuysen 1895:Peithessophian Society 1854:Rutgers Formula Racing 1594:Piscataway, New Jersey 530:governor of New Jersey 506:New Jersey Legislature 399:Under the Rutgers name 395: 341: 304:Hackensack, New Jersey 165: 162:Somerville, New Jersey 130:land-grant institution 100:in 1825 after Colonel 1905:Tent State University 1731:College Avenue Campus 1705:School of Social Work 1675:School of Engineering 861:Frusciano, Thomas J. 691:History of New Jersey 393: 385:Elias Van Bunschooten 336: 319:Johnson & Johnson 315:Sign of the Red Lion, 148: 118:Dutch Reformed Church 55:(officially known as 1783:Rutgers Campus Buses 1450:Alumni & Faculty 1107:on February 13, 2010 1076:Gardner Sage Library 518:Somerset, New Jersey 354:Federal architecture 328:Princeton University 170:Princeton University 2329:Rutgers Law Journal 2238:One Washington Park 2017:Jersey Mike's Arena 1828:Zimmerli Art Museum 1468:(current president) 436:Morrill Act of 1862 381:Old Queens Building 158:Old Dutch Parsonage 88:The eighth of nine 2322:Rutgers Law School 2276:Camden, New Jersey 2178:Rutgers Law Review 2075:Newark, New Jersey 1951:Women's basketball 1900:Philoclean Society 1813:William the Silent 1768:Kirkpatrick Chapel 1359:Rutgers University 1322:Rutgers University 1256:Racioppi, Dustin. 1190:The New York Times 1081:2006-09-12 at the 964:2015-08-04 at the 701:Rutgers University 644:RWJBarnabas Health 613:James E. McGreevey 526:Board of Governors 432:land-grant college 396: 369:Brooklyn, New York 342: 292:preparatory school 274:'s Queen-consort, 184:were managed from 176:to be trained and 166: 114:Rutgers University 83:Camden, New Jersey 53:Rutgers University 2402: 2401: 2372: 2371: 2251: 2250: 2171:The Newark Targum 2050: 2049: 2030: 2029: 1763:Livingston Campus 1472:University Police 1466:Jonathan Holloway 1307:Robson, David W. 1095:DeLassus, David. 897:. pp. 43–57. 867:Rutgers Libraries 749:colonial colleges 676:Colonial colleges 648:teaching hospital 522:Board of Trustees 471:American football 288:Benjamin Franklin 260:Peter Vredenburgh 182:American colonies 50: 49: 2427: 2364:Campbell's Field 2324:(Camden campus) 2277: 2264: 2257: 2256: 2088: 2076: 2063: 2056: 2055: 1997: 1996: 1946:Men's basketball 1872:The Daily Targum 1798:Sustainable Farm 1595: 1588: 1575: 1568: 1567: 1442: 1403: 1393: 1387: 1381: 1375: 1360: 1351: 1344: 1337: 1328: 1327: 1272: 1271: 1269: 1268: 1253: 1247: 1246: 1240: 1232: 1230: 1229: 1214: 1208: 1207: 1205: 1204: 1181: 1175: 1174: 1172: 1171: 1157: 1151: 1148:Graduate Schools 1145: 1139: 1126: 1117: 1116: 1114: 1112: 1103:. 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Index

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
State
New Jersey
New Brunswick
Piscataway
Newark
Camden, New Jersey
colleges established during the American colonial period
Henry Rutgers
American Revolutionary War
philanthropist
Dutch Reformed Church
state university
colonial chartered college
land-grant institution

Jacob Rutsen Hardenbergh
Theodorus Frelinghuysen
Old Dutch Parsonage
Somerville, New Jersey
Princeton University
Netherlands
ordained
American colonies
Europe
classis
Rutgers: A 250th Anniversary Portrait.
education
Theodorus Jacobus Frelinghuysen II
the Netherlands

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