Eucharist - Knowledge

4509:"9.1 Concerning the thanksgiving give thanks thus: 9.2 First, concerning the cup: "We give thanks to you, our Father, For the holy vine of David your servant which you have revealed to us through Jesus your servant. To you be glory for ever". 9.3 And concerning the fragment: "We give thanks to you, our Father, For the life and knowledge, which you have revealed to us through Jesus your servant". But let no one eat or drink of your Eucharist, unless they have been baptized into the name of the Lord; for concerning this also the Lord has said, "Give not that which is holy to the dogs". 10.1 After you have had your fill, give thanks thus: 10.2 We give thanks to you holy Father for your holy Name which you have made to dwell in our hearts and for the knowledge, faith and immortality which you have revealed to us through Jesus your servant. To you be glory for ever. 10.3 You Lord almighty have created everything for the sake of your Name; you have given human beings food and drink to partake with enjoyment so that they might give thanks; but to us you have given the grace of spiritual food and drink and of eternal life through Jesus your servant. 10.4 Above all we give you thanks because you are mighty. To you be glory for ever. 10.5 Remember Lord your Church, to preserve it from all evil and to make it perfect in your love. And, sanctified, gather it from the four winds into your kingdom which you have prepared for it. Because yours is the power and the glory for ever. ..." 4128: 7413:

faith, nor only as a sign of our unity in faith, nor merely as an assurance of the forgiveness of sin. Even more, in this sacrament the Lutheran Christian receives the very body and blood of Christ precisely for the strengthening of faith, nor only as a sign of our unity in faith, nor merely as an assurance of the forgiveness of sin. Even more, in this sacrament the Lutheran Christian receives the very body and blood of Christ precisely for the strengthening of union of faith. The "real presence" of Christ in the Holy Sacrament is the means by which the union of faith, effected by God's Word and the sacrament of baptism, is strengthened and maintained. Intimate union with Christ, in other words, leads directly to the most intimate communion in his holy body and blood.

3194:, the Reformed tradition had long eschewed coming forward to receive communion, preferring to have the elements distributed throughout the congregation by the presbyters (elders) more in the style of a shared meal. Over the last half a century it is much more common in Presbyterian churches to have Holy Communion monthly or on a weekly basis. It is also becoming common to receive the elements by intinction (receiving a piece of consecrated bread or wafer, dipping it in the blessed wine, and consuming it). Wine and grape juice are both used, depending on the congregation. Most Reformed churches practice "open communion", i.e., all believers who are united to a church of like faith and practice, and who are not living in sin, would be allowed to join in the Sacrament. 2499: 90: 3930: 4027:, which summarized and clarified earlier declarations. The Catholic Church believes that the matter for the Eucharist must be wheaten bread and fermented wine from grapes: it holds that, if the gluten has been entirely removed, the result is not true wheaten bread. For celiacs, but not generally, it allows low-gluten bread. It also permits Holy Communion to be received under the form of either bread or wine alone, except by a priest who is celebrating Mass without other priests or as principal celebrant. Many Protestant churches offer communicants gluten-free alternatives to wheaten bread, usually in the form of a rice-based or other gluten-free wafer. 2239:, of which no one is allowed to partake but the man who believes that the things which we teach are true, and who has been washed with the washing that is for the remission of sins, and unto regeneration, and who is so living as Christ has enjoined. For not as common bread and common drink do we receive these; but in like manner as Jesus Christ our Saviour, having been made flesh by the Word of God, had both flesh and blood for our salvation, so likewise have we been taught that the food which is blessed by the prayer of His word, and from which our blood and flesh by transmutation are nourished, is the flesh and blood of that Jesus who was made flesh. 2897:

inner grace". The words of administration at communion allow for real presence or for a real but spiritual presence (Calvinist receptionism and virtualism). This concept was congenial to most Anglicans well into the 19th century. From the 1840s, the Tractarians reintroduced the idea of "the real presence" to suggest a corporeal presence, which could be done since the language of the BCP rite referred to the body and blood of Christ without details as well as referring to these as spiritual food at other places in the text. Both are found in the Latin and other rites, but in the former, a definite interpretation as corporeal is applied.

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half of verse 19 and all of verse 20 ("given for you poured out for you"), which are found in the vast majority of ancient witnesses to the text. If the shorter text is the original one, then Luke's account is independent of both that of Paul and that of Matthew/Mark. If the majority longer text comes from the author of the third gospel, then this version is very similar to that of Paul in 1 Corinthians, being somewhat fuller in its description of the early part of the Supper, particularly in making specific mention of a cup being blessed before the bread was broken.

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faith, nor only as a sign of our unity in faith, nor merely as an assurance of the forgiveness of sin. Even more, in this sacrament the Lutheran Christian receives the very body and blood of Christ precisely for the strengthening of the union of faith. The "real presence" of Christ in the Holy Sacrament is the means by which the union of faith, effected by God's Word and the sacrament of baptism, is strengthened and maintained. Intimate union with Christ, in other words, leads directly to the most intimate communion in his holy body and blood.

3143: 1441: 2639:. The flesh of that Passover sacrificial lamb was to be consumed by the family members. Any left overs were to be burned before daybreak so that none of the Passover Lamb's flesh remained. It is to be noted that only by marking the doorposts and lintel of one's home with the Blood of the Lamb were the members of the household saved from death. The consumption of the Lamb was not to save them but rather to give them energy for the journey of escape (Exodus = escape from slavery in Egypt) as was also true for the unleavened bread ( 2558: 2096:

that would lead to the cross, and his long discourse in response to some questions posed by his followers, in which he went on to speak of the importance of the unity of the disciples with him, with each other, and with God. Some would find in this unity and in the washing of the feet the deeper meaning of the Communion bread in the other three Gospels. In John 6:26–65, a long discourse is attributed to Jesus that deals with the subject of the living bread; John 6:51–59 also contains echoes of Eucharistic language.

4518:"14.1 But every Lord's day do ye gather yourselves together, and break bread, and give thanksgiving after having confessed your transgressions, that your sacrifice may be pure. 14.2. But let no one that is at variance with his fellow come together with you, until they be reconciled, that your sacrifice may not be profaned. 14.3. For this is that which was spoken by the Lord: In every place and time offer to me a pure sacrifice; for I am a great King, saith the Lord, and my name is wonderful among the nations." 2526:) while the appearances or "species" of the bread and wine remain unaltered (e.g. colour, taste, feel, and smell). This change is brought about in the eucharistic prayer through the efficacy of the word of Christ and by the action of the Holy Spirit. The Eucharistic presence of Christ begins at the moment of the consecration and endures as long as the Eucharistic species subsist, that is, until the Eucharist is digested, physically destroyed, or decays by some natural process (at which point, theologian 2870: 1640: 3846:. Some churches do not limit it to only members of the congregation, but to any people in attendance (regardless of Christian affiliation) who consider themselves to be Christian. Others require that the communicant be a baptized person, or a member of a church of that denomination or a denomination of "like faith and practice". Some Progressive Christian congregations offer communion to any individual who wishes to commemorate the life and teachings of Christ, regardless of religious affiliation. 3853:, the second-largest denomination in this movement. While The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the largest of the LDS denominations) technically practice a closed communion, their official direction to local Church leaders (in Handbook 2, section 20.4.1, last paragraph) is as follows: "Although the sacrament is for Church members, the bishopric should not announce that it will be passed to members only, and nothing should be done to prevent nonmembers from partaking of it." 527: 3301: 2399:, attempting to present the common understanding of the Eucharist on the part of the generality of Christians, describes it as "essentially the sacrament of the gift which God makes to us in Christ through the power of the Holy Spirit", "Thanksgiving to the Father", "Anamnesis or Memorial of Christ", "the sacrament of the unique sacrifice of Christ, who ever lives to make intercession for us", "the sacrament of the body and blood of Christ, the sacrament of his 10952: 1159: 2013: 2676: 3913:, if offered, on the night before receiving communion. Furthermore, various pre-communion prayers have been composed, which many (but not all) Orthodox churches require or at least strongly encourage members to say privately before coming to the Eucharist. However, all this will typically vary from priest to priest and jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but abstaining from food and water for several hours beforehand is a fairly universal rule. 6721: 10941: 4046:(grape juice in which fermentation has begun but has been suspended without altering the nature of the juice), and it holds that "since Christ is sacramentally present under each of the species, communion under the species of bread alone makes it possible to receive all the fruit of Eucharistic grace. For pastoral reasons, this manner of receiving communion has been legitimately established as the most common form in the Latin rite." 2958: 2459:, according to the church the Eucharist is "the source and summit of the Christian life". "The other sacraments, and indeed all ecclesiastical ministries and works of the apostolate, are bound up with the Eucharist and are oriented toward it. For in the blessed Eucharist is contained the whole spiritual good of the Church, namely Christ himself, our Pasch." ("Pasch" is a word that sometimes means Easter, sometimes Passover.) 2444: 3041: 3684: 2123: 2554:) says "The Body of Christ" when administering the Host and "The Blood of Christ" when presenting the chalice, the communicant who receives either one receives Christ, whole and entire. "Christ is present whole and entire in each of the species and whole and entire in each of their parts, in such a way that the breaking of the bread does not divide Christ." 3270:, a founder of Methodism, said that it was the duty of Christians to receive the sacrament as often as possible. Methodists in the United States are encouraged to celebrate the Eucharist every Sunday, though it is typically celebrated on the first Sunday of each month, while a few go as long as celebrating quarterly (a tradition dating back to the days of 8860:. Although a standardized symptom rating scale is not yet applied worldwide, a recent study indicated that a decrease of the global symptom score higher than 50% after GFD can be regarded as confirmatory of NCGS (Table 1) . After the confirmation of NCGS diagnosis, according to the previously mentioned work-up, patients are advized to start with a GFD . 1884:" of the bread and wine at the altar, their consecration by the priest through prayer, and their reception by the congregation in Holy Communion. Among the many other terms used in the Catholic Church are "Holy Mass", "the Memorial of the Passion, Death and Resurrection of the Lord", the "Holy Sacrifice of the Mass", and the "Holy Mysteries". 3139:), the Eucharist is variously administered. The Calvinist view of the Sacrament sees a real presence of Christ in the supper which differs both from the objective ontological presence of the Catholic view, and from the real absence of Christ and the mental recollection of the memorialism of the Zwinglians and their successors. 2347:. They attribute the real presence of Jesus' living body to his word spoken in the Eucharist, and not to the faith of those receiving it. They also believe that "forgiveness of sins, life, and salvation" are given through the words of Christ in the Eucharist to those who believe his words ("given and shed for you"). 2480:"When the Church celebrates the Eucharist, she commemorates Christ's Passover, and it is made present the sacrifice Christ offered once for all on the cross remains ever present. The Eucharist is thus a sacrifice because it re-presents (makes present) the same and only sacrifice offered once for all on the cross" 3944: 3717:) wrote of the Eucharist "of which no one is allowed to partake but the man who believes that we teach are true, and who has been washed with the washing that is for the remission of sins and unto regeneration, and who is so living as Christ has enjoined." This was continued in the practice of dismissing the 3203: 4810:

By the late 1840s Anglo-Catholic interest in the revival of ritual had given new life to doctrinal debate over the nature of the Eucharist. Initially, 'the Tractarians were concerned only to exalt the importance of the sacrament and did not engage in doctrinal speculation'. Indeed they were generally

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In this "sacramental union", Lutherans taught, the body and blood of Christ are so truly united to the bread and wine of the Holy Communion that the two may be identified. They are at the same time body and blood, bread and wine. This divine food is given, more-over, not just for the strengthening of

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Some fear contagion through the handling involved in distributing the hosts to the communicants, even if they are placed on the hand rather than on the tongue. Accordingly, some churches use mechanical wafer dispensers or "pillow packs" (communion wafers with wine inside them). While these methods of

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In influenza epidemics, some churches suspend the giving wine at communion, for fear of spreading the disease. This is in full accord with Catholic Church belief that communion under the form of bread alone makes it possible to receive all the fruit of Eucharistic grace. However, the same measure has

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The Memorial, held after sundown, includes a sermon on the meaning and importance of the celebration and gathering, and includes the circulation of unadulterated red wine and unleavened bread (matzo). Jehovah's Witnesses believe that the bread represents Jesus' perfect body which he gave on behalf of

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are provided for various occasions, including communion of the sick and brief forms for occasions that call for greater brevity. Though the ritual is standardized, there is great variation amongst Methodist churches, from typically high-church to low-church, in the enactment and style of celebration.

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in celebration of the Lord's supper on a quarterly basis, to give proper time for reflection and inward consideration of one's own state and sin. Recently, Presbyterian and Reformed Churches have been considering whether to restore more frequent communion, including weekly communion in more churches,

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The bread and wine become the means by which the believer has real communion with Christ in his death and Christ's body and blood are present to the faith of the believer as really as the bread and wine are present to their senses but this presence is "spiritual", that is the work of the Holy Spirit.

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Christ gives his body and blood according to his promise to all who partake of the elements. When we eat and drink the bread and the wine of the Supper with expectant faith, we thereby have communion with the body and blood of our Lord and receive the forgiveness of sins, life, and salvation. In this

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The sacrifice of Christ and the sacrifice of the Eucharist are considered as one single sacrifice: "The victim is one and the same: the same now offers through the ministry of priests, who then offered himself on the cross; only the manner of offering is different." In the holy sacrifice of the Mass,

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This covenant, the blood of Christ, that is, the pouring forth of his blood as a sacrficial victim, at once procured and ratified; so that it stands firm to all truly penitent and contrite spirits who believe in him: and of this great truth, the Lord's Supper was the instituted sign and seal; and he

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judges to be sacramentally in the same position as these churches; and in grave and pressing need, such as danger of death, it allows the Eucharist to be administered also to individuals who do not belong to these churches but who share the Catholic Church's faith in the reality of the Eucharist and

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Communion practices and frequency vary among congregations. A typical practice is to have small cups of juice and plates of broken bread distributed to the seated congregation. In other congregations, communicants may proceed to the altar to receive the elements, then return to their seats. A widely

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itself has repeatedly refused to make official any definition of "the presence of Christ". Church authorities prefer to leave it a mystery while proclaiming the consecrated bread and wine to be "spiritual food" of "Christ's Most Precious Body and Blood"; the bread and wine are an "outward sign of an

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Risk of infectious disease transmission related to use of a common communion cup exists but it is low. No case of transmission of an infectious disease related to a common communion cup has ever been documented. Experimental studies have demonstrated that infectious diseases can be transmitted. The

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the Eucharist is only given to those who have come prepared to receive the life-giving body and blood. Therefore, in a manner to worthily receive, believers fast the night before the liturgy, from around 6pm or the conclusion of evening prayer, and remain fasting until they receive Holy Qurbana the

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Christians, but an individual's eligibility to participate depends on the views of each particular assembly. The service takes the form of non-liturgical, open worship with all male participants allowed to pray audibly and select hymns or readings. The breaking of bread itself typically consists of

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Both receptionism and virtualism assert the real presence. The former places emphasis on the recipient and the latter states "the presence" is confected by the power of the Holy Spirit but not in Christ's natural body. His presence is objective and does not depend on its existence from the faith of

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and only those who are in a state of grace, that is, without any mortal sin, can receive it. Based on 1 Corinthians 11:27–29, it affirms the following: "Anyone who is aware of having committed a mortal sin must not receive Holy Communion, even if he experiences deep contrition, without having first

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in 1215 spoke of the bread and wine as "transubstantiated" into the body and blood of Christ: "His body and blood are truly contained in the sacrament of the altar under the forms of bread and wine, the bread and wine having been transubstantiated, by God's power, into his body and blood". In 1551,

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They abstain from the Eucharist and from prayer, because they confess not the Eucharist to be the flesh of our Saviour Jesus Christ, which suffered for our sins, and which the Father, of His goodness, raised up again. Let that be deemed a proper Eucharist, which is either by the bishop, or by one

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In the Gospel of John, however, the account of the Last Supper does not mention Jesus taking bread and "the cup" and speaking of them as his body and blood; instead, it recounts other events: his humble act of washing the disciples' feet, the prophecy of the betrayal, which set in motion the events

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So Paul's use of the term "Lord's Supper" in reference to the Corinthian banquet is powerful and interesting; but to be an actual name for the Christian meal, rather than a meaningful phrase connected with an ephemeral rhetorical contrast, it would have to have some history, previous or subsequent.

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Jesus Christ is in the midst of the congregation as the crucified, risen, and returning Lord. Thus His once-brought sacrifice is also present in that its effect grants the individual access to salvation. In this way, the celebration of Holy Communion causes the partakers to repeatedly envision the

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In the synoptic Gospels, Mark 14:22–25, Matthew 26:26–29 and Luke 22:13–20 depict Jesus as presiding over the Last Supper prior to his crucifixion. The versions in Matthew and Mark are almost identical, but the Gospel of Luke presents a textual difference, in that a few manuscripts omit the second

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that served multiple churches). Communicants may receive standing, kneeling, or while seated. Gaining more wide acceptance is the practice of receiving by intinction (receiving a piece of consecrated bread or wafer, dipping it in the blessed wine, and consuming it). The most common alternative to

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Some Baptist churches are closed-Communionists (even requiring full membership in the local church congregation before partaking), with others being partially or fully open-Communionists. It is rare to find a Baptist church where the Lord's Supper is observed every Sunday; most observe monthly or

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In this "sacramental union," Lutherans thought, the body and blood of Christ are so united to the bread and wine of the Holy Communion that the two may be identified. They are at the same time body and blood, bread and wine. This divine food is given, more-over, not just for the strengthening of

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Holy Communion, of course, is a central act of worship for all Christians, and it should come as no surprise that it was also highly esteemed in the Moravian Church. Zinzendorf referred to it as the "most intimate of all connection with the person of the Saviour." The real presence of Christ was

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definitively declared: "Because Christ our Redeemer said that it was truly his body that he was offering under the species of bread, it has always been the conviction of the Church of God, and this holy Council now declares again that by the consecration of the bread and wine there takes place a

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Traditionally, the Eastern Orthodox church has required its members to have observed all church-appointed fasts (most weeks, this will be at least Wednesday and Friday) for the week prior to partaking of communion, and to fast from all food and water from midnight the night before. In addition,

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The Catholic Church sees as the main basis for this belief the words of Jesus himself at his Last Supper: the synoptic Gospels and Paul's recount that Jesus at the time of taking the bread and the cup said: "This is my body this is my blood." The Catholic understanding of these words, from the

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While an official movement exists in Lutheran congregations to celebrate Eucharist weekly, using formal rites very similar to the Catholic and "high" Anglican services, it was historically common for congregations to celebrate monthly or even quarterly. Even in congregations where Eucharist is

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1 Corinthians 11:23–25 gives the earliest recorded description of Jesus' Last Supper: "The Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and said, 'This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.'" The Greek word used in the

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and anti-Jewish ideology and violence. In medieval times, Jews were often depicted stabbing or in some other way physically harming communion wafers. These characterizations drew parallels to the idea that the Jews killed Christ; murdering this transubstantiation or "host" was thought of as a

6297: 2851:, prayer, consecration of the elements, distribution of the elements, partaking of the elements, and a benediction. Moravian Christians traditionally practice footwashing before partaking in the Lord's Supper, although in certain Moravian congregations, this rite is observed chiefly on 2201:

Take heed, then, to have but one Eucharist. For there is one flesh of our Lord Jesus Christ, and one cup to the unity of His blood; one altar; as there is one bishop, along with the presbytery and deacons, my fellow-servants: that so, whatsoever you do, you may do it according to

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accepted practice is for all to receive and hold the elements until everyone is served, then consume the bread and cup in unison. Usually, music is performed and Scripture such as the precise verses of Jesus speaking at the Last Supper is read during the receiving of the elements.

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believe that the body and blood of Christ are "truly and substantially present in, with, and under the forms" of the consecrated bread and wine (the elements), so that communicants eat and drink the body and blood of Christ himself as well as the bread and wine in the Eucharistic

2484:"it is Christ himself, the eternal high priest of the New Covenant who, acting through the ministry of the priests, offers the Eucharistic sacrifice. And it is the same Christ, really present under the species of bread and wine, who is the offering of the Eucharistic sacrifice." 3612:. This is because they believe that these are unnecessary for the living of a Christian life, and because in the opinion of Salvation Army founders William and Catherine Booth, the sacrament placed too much stress on outward ritual and too little on inward spiritual conversion. 2901:

the recipient. The liturgy petitions that elements "be" rather than "become" the body and blood of Christ leaving aside any theory of a change in the natural elements: bread and wine are the outer reality and "the presence" is the inner invisible except as perceived in faith.

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to stop the fermentation process the juice naturally undergoes and de-alcoholized wine from which most of the alcohol has been removed (between 0.5% and 2% remains) are commonly used, and more rarely water may be offered. Exclusive use of unfermented grape juice is common in

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doctrine, though this term is specifically rejected by Lutheran churches and theologians since it creates confusion about the actual doctrine and subjects the doctrine to the control of a non-biblical philosophical concept in the same manner as, in their view, does the term

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charges, with Jews being accused of murdering bodies of Christ, whether they be communion wafers or Christian children. The blood libel charges and the concept of Eucharist are also related in the belief that blood is efficacious, meaning it has some sort of divine power.

3093:, the Eucharist is more commonly called the Breaking of Bread or the Lord's Supper. They believe it is only a symbolic reenactment of the Last Supper and a memorial, and is central to the worship of both individual and assembly. In principle, the service is open to all 3905:

Orthodox Christians are to have made a recent confession to their priest (the frequency varying with one's particular priest), and they must be at peace with all others, meaning that they hold no grudges or anger against anyone. In addition, one is expected to attend

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The Methodists believe, that the covenant of grace has been administered and renewed in different ages of the world. Under the gospel, Christ the substance, prefigured by these shadows, being exhibited, the ordinances in and by which this covenant is dispensed, are

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who in faith drinks of the cup, having reference to its signification, that blood of Christ which confirms to true believers the whole covenant of grace, is assured thereby of its faithfulness and permanence, and derives to himself the fulness of its blessings.

1942:, in addition to the terms "Eucharist", "Mass" and "Holy Communion". Historically this refers (like the term "worship" itself) to service of God, although more recently it has been associated with the idea that God is serving the congregants in the liturgy. 3537:

mankind, and that the wine represents his perfect blood which he shed to redeem fallen man from inherited sin and death. The wine and the bread (sometimes referred to as "emblems") are viewed as symbolic and commemorative; the Witnesses do not believe in

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and the Eucharist. Most scholars date it to the late 1st century, and distinguish in it two separate Eucharistic traditions, the earlier tradition in chapter 10 and the later one preceding it in chapter 9. The Eucharist is mentioned again in chapter 14.

1767:) appears in various related forms five times in the New Testament in contexts which, according to some, may refer to the celebration of the Eucharist, in either closer or symbolically more distant reference to the Last Supper. This term is used by the 6301: 1683:. Others, such as the Catholic Church, do not formally use this term for the rite, but instead mean by it the act of partaking of the consecrated elements; they speak of receiving Holy Communion at Mass or outside of it, they also use the term 4152:

distributing communion are not generally accepted in Catholic parishes, one parish provides a mechanical dispenser to allow those intending to commune to place in a bowl, without touching them by hand, the hosts for use in the celebration.

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The Catholic Church believes that grape juice that has not begun even minimally to ferment cannot be accepted as wine, which it sees as essential for celebration of the Eucharist. For non-alcoholics, but not generally, it allows the use of

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in orientation. The Anglican churches do not adhere to the belief that the Lord's Supper is merely a devotional reflection on Christ's death. For some Anglicans, Christ is spiritually present in the fullness of his person in the Eucharist.

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Seventh-day Adventists Believe: An exposition of the fundamental beliefs of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. 2nd edition, 2005. Copyright Ministeral Association, General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists. Chapter 16: The Lord's

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quarterly, with some holding Communion only during a designated Communion service or following a worship service. Adults and children in attendance who have not made a profession of faith in Christ are expected to not participate.

2733:, a variety of anaphoras are used, but all are similar in structure to those of the Constantinopolitan Rite, in which the Anaphora of Saint John Chrysostom is used most days of the year; Saint Basil's is offered on the Sundays of 2697:) or similar names in other rites. It comprises two main divisions: the first is the "Liturgy of the Catechumens" which consists of introductory litanies, antiphons and scripture readings, culminating in a reading from one of the 7745:: which ordinances, though fewer in number, and administered with more simplicity, and less external glory, yet hold forth this covenant in greater fulness, evidence, and spiritual efficacy to all nations, both Jews and Gentiles. 7480: 2142:

with which the Eucharist was originally associated. The Agape feast is mentioned in Jude 12 but "The Lord's Supper" is now commonly used in reference to a celebration involving no food other than the sacramental bread and wine.

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change of the whole substance of the bread into the substance of the body of Christ and of the whole substance of the wine into the substance of his blood. This change the holy Catholic Church has fittingly and properly called

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of the bread and wine as the genuine body and blood of Christ is specifically requested, but since the anaphora as a whole is considered a unitary (albeit lengthy) prayer, no one moment within it can readily be singled out.

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of the Moravian Church, stated that Holy Communion is the "most intimate of all connection with the person of the Saviour." The Order of Service for the observance of the Lord's Supper includes a salutation, hymns, the

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is exposed to and adored by the faithful. When this exposure and adoration is constant (twenty-four hours a day), it is called "Perpetual Adoration". In a parish, this is usually done by volunteer parishioners; in a

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one leavened loaf, which is prayed over and broken by a participant in the meeting and then shared around. The wine is poured from a single container into one or several vessels, and these are again shared around.

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in affirming that the Eucharist contains the true, historical body of Jesus Christ. According to Paschasius, God is truth itself, and therefore, his words and actions must be true. Christ's proclamation at the

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authors onward, has emphasized their roots in the covenantal history of the Old Testament. The interpretation of Christ's words against this Old Testament background coheres with and supports belief in the

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and Doctrine and Covenants. The prayer contains the above essentials given by Jesus: "Always remember him, and keep his commandments that they may always have his Spirit to be with them." (Moroni, 4:3.)

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specifies, on days during which Holy Communion is celebrated, that "Upon entering the church let the communicants bow in prayer and in the spirit of prayer and meditation approach the Blessed Sacrament."

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There is no standard frequency; John Calvin desired weekly communion, but the city council only approved monthly, and monthly celebration has become the most common practice in Reformed churches today.

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state that he commanded them to "do this in memory of me" while referring to the bread as "my body" and the cup of wine as "the blood of my covenant, which is poured out for many". According to the

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considering that infrequent communion was derived from a memorialist view of the Lord's Supper, rather than Calvin's view of the sacrament as a means of grace. Some churches use bread without any

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as unleavened bread (although leavened bread is often used) and, in line with the historical stance of some Baptist groups (since the mid-19th century) against partaking of alcoholic beverages,

2810:. In the more modern groups, Communion is only the serving of the Lord's Supper. In the communion meal, the members of the Mennonite churches renew their covenant with God and with each other. 2088:—which is otherwise unknown in Classical Greek literature—was interpreted by some early Christian writers as meaning "super-substantial", and hence a possible reference to the Eucharist as the 8532: 8186: 7908: 3644:

do not observe physical communion with bread and wine, but spiritual communion at two special Sunday services each year by "uniting together with Christ in silent prayer and on bended knee".

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Some Protestant churches allow communion in a non-alcoholic form, either normatively or as a pastoral exception. Since the invention of the necessary technology, grape juice which has been

2705:; the second is the "Liturgy of the Faithful" in which the Eucharist is offered, consecrated, and received as Holy Communion. Within the latter, the actual Eucharistic prayer is called the 2477:, "The Eucharist is the very sacrifice of the Body and Blood of the Lord Jesus which he instituted to perpetuate the sacrifice of the cross throughout the ages until his return in glory." 2973:, which they commonly refer to simply as "the Cup". The unleavened bread also underscores the symbolic belief attributed to Christ's breaking the bread and saying that it was his body. A 1045: 3563:, the "Holy Sacrament of the Lord's Supper", more simply referred to as the Sacrament, is administered every Sunday (except General Conference or other special Sunday meeting) in each 7477: 4140:. A study of 681 individuals found that taking communion up to daily from a common cup did not increase the risk of infection beyond that of those who did not attend services at all. 3608:

does not reject the Eucharistic practices of other churches or deny that their members truly receive grace through this sacrament, it does not practice the sacraments of Communion or

4608:

In most United Church of Christ local churches, the Communion Table is "open to all Christians who wish to know the presence of Christ and to share in the community of God's people".

8440: 3744:

under normal circumstances. However, the Catholic Church allows administration of the Eucharist, at their spontaneous request, to properly disposed members of the eastern churches (

2602:

Since the Eucharist is the body and blood of Christ, "the worship due to the sacrament of the Eucharist, whether during the celebration of the Mass or outside it, is the worship of

8826:

Volta U, Caio G, De Giorgio R, Henriksen C, Skodje G, Lundin KE (June 2015). "Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a work-in-progress entity in the spectrum of wheat-related disorders".

4811:

hostile to the doctrine of transubstantiation. For an orthodox Anglo-Catholic such as Dyce the doctrine of the Real Presence was acceptable, but that of transubstantiation was not.

2321:

teach that the reality (the "substance") of the elements of bread and wine is wholly changed into the body and blood of Jesus Christ, while the appearances (the "species") remain.

2064:

does not reference the Last Supper explicitly, some argue that it contains theological allusions to the early Christian celebration of the Eucharist, especially in the chapter 6

7461: 3533:" also benefit from the ransom sacrifice, and are respectful observers and viewers of the Lord's Supper, but they hope to obtain everlasting life in Paradise restored on earth. 9739: 6727: 6409: 3695:, the administration of the Eucharist to children requires that they have sufficient knowledge and careful preparation to receive the body of Christ with faith and devotion. 1609:

When you come together, it is not the Lord's Supper you eat, for as you eat, each of you goes ahead without waiting for anybody else. One remains hungry, another gets drunk.

8257: 3799:

Some use the term "close communion" for restriction to members of the same denomination, and "closed communion" for restriction to members of the local congregation alone.

3218:

with his worshipping people and gives himself to them as their Lord and Saviour". Methodist theology of this sacrament is reflected in one of the fathers of the movement,

3489:

is practised: all who have committed their lives to the Saviour may participate. The communion service must be conducted by an ordained pastor, minister or church elder.

8423: 3255:, non-alcoholic wine (grape juice) is used, so as to include those who do not take alcohol for any reason, as well as a commitment to the Church's historical support of 4561:

For example, Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, "Anglo-Catholic" Anglicans, Old Catholics; and cf. the presentation of the Eucharist as a sacrament in the

4481:. "Oblation" and "Consecration" are of course used also by the Eastern Catholic Churches that are of the same liturgical tradition as these churches. Likewise, in the 4122: 7044: 4127: 2628:, the host, after the Rite of Consecration, is no longer bread, but is the Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity of Christ. Catholics believe that Jesus is the sacrificial 10152: 2753:, and upon his feast day (1 January). At the conclusion of the Anaphora the bread and wine are held to be the body and blood of Christ. Unlike the Latin Church, the 1861:

or "go, it is sent", the very last phrase of the service. That Latin word has come to imply "mission" as well because the congregation is sent out to serve Christ.

8611: 6361: 3921:

Many Protestant congregations generally reserve a period of time for self-examination and private, silent confession just before partaking in the Lord's Supper.

2337:, the Body and Blood of Christ". The Orthodox use various terms such as transelementation, but no explanation is official as they prefer to leave it a mystery. 2269:

of the bread and wine offered in the Eucharist really occurs. Only if the Eucharist is the actual body and blood of Christ can a Christian know it is salvific.

3456:

humanity of Christ in the Lord's Supper." Additionally, the Irvingian Churches affirm the "real presence of the sacrifice of Jesus Christ in Holy Communion":

3077:

offered weekly, there is not a requirement that every church service be a Eucharistic service, nor that all members of a congregation must receive it weekly.

1620:

Nevertheless, given its existence in the biblical text, "Lord's Supper" came into use after the Protestant Reformation and remains the predominant term among

9036: 7137:

In the eighteenth century, the Moravians consistently promoted the Lutheran doctrine of the real presence, which they described as a "sacramental presence."

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As already indicated, the one exception is in the case of a priest celebrating Mass without other priests or as principal celebrant. The water that in the

1501:

For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks (

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diagnosis is an objective improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms and extra-intestinal manifestations assessed through a rating scale before and after

7806: 6338: 3721:(those still undergoing instruction and not yet baptized) before the sacramental part of the liturgy, a custom which has left traces in the expression " 2550:

The church holds that the body and blood of Jesus can no longer be truly separated. Where one is, the other must be. Therefore, although the priest (or

1651:

celebrated by Jesus and his disciples. The early Christians too would have celebrated this meal to commemorate Jesus' death and subsequent resurrection.

9127: 2474: 2884:

Anglican theology on the matter of the Eucharist is nuanced. The Eucharist is neither wholly a matter of transubstantiation nor simply devotional and

6176: 2764:

In Eastern theology, one idea of consecration as a process has been suggested. This understands the change in the elements to be accomplished at the

1369:. Christians generally recognize a special presence of Christ in this rite, though they differ about exactly how, where, and when Christ is present. 315: 7916: 5875: 2874: 3560: 1796: 1035: 7776: 2980:

Some Baptists consider the Communion to be primarily an act of remembrance of Christ's atonement, and a time of renewal of personal commitment (

11026: 7194:

thankfully received, though, typically, the Moravians refrained from delving too much into the precise way the Savior was sacramentally present

4672: 1189: 2343:

believe Christ to be "truly and substantially present" with the bread and wine that are seen in the Eucharist, in a manner referred to as the

10655: 9778: 5213: 5022: 3517:

Of those who attend the Memorial, a small minority worldwide partake of the wine and unleavened bread. Jehovah's Witnesses believe that only

1428:

presence. As a result of these different understandings, "the Eucharist has been a central issue in the discussions and deliberations of the

9258:.: Despite what the subtitle may suggest, the book discusses the Christian Eucharist in further aspects than alone the "Canon of the Mass". 8682: 8072: 3579:

say specific prayers to bless the bread and water. The Sacrament is passed row-by-row to the congregation by priesthood holders (typically

3275:

intinction is for the communicants to receive the consecrated juice using small, individual, specially made glass or plastic cups known as

2369:

holds that the body of Christ is received by the faithful only in a heavenly and spiritual manner, a doctrine also taught in the Methodist

9622: 9288:. "The Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent" Translated by H.J. Schroeder, published by Tan Books and Publishers, Inc., Rockford, IL 6006:"There are now two quite separate Eucharistic celebrations given in Didache 9–10, with the earlier one now put in second place". Crossan. 1918:. These also speak of "the Divine Mysteries", especially in reference to the consecrated elements, which they also call "the Holy Gifts". 1376:

states that the Eucharist is the body and blood of Christ under the species of bread and wine. It maintains that by the consecration, the

9328: 4144:

also been taken by churches that normally insist on the importance of receiving communion under both forms. This was done in 2009 by the

2468: 7066:"Moment or Process? Eucharistic Consecration and Epiclesis in Egyptian Thought: A Survey of Liturgical, Patristic, and Medieval Sources" 5590: 3861:

next morning. Additionally, members who plan to receive the holy communion have to follow a strict guide of prescribed prayers from the

10611: 9014: 8921: 5413: 4024: 7458: 6885: 2473:

In the Eucharist the same sacrifice that Jesus made only once on the cross is believed to be made present at every Mass. According to

11006: 10162: 8122:, 1 February 1998, p. 8, "Jesus instituted the only annual religious observance commanded for Christians—the Memorial of his death." 10114: 10066: 8874: 8643: 8482: 4368: 4177: 3640:

eventually discouraged the physical ritual as she believed it distracted from the true spiritual nature of the sacrament. As such,

3449: 3215: 2965:

The bread and "fruit of the vine" indicated in Matthew, Mark and Luke as the elements of the Lord's Supper are interpreted by many

2575: 2551: 2493: 2400: 1413: 335: 1396:

believe the true body and blood of Christ are really present "in, with, and under" the forms of the bread and wine, known as the

6672: 6207: 11021: 11016: 10981: 10044: 10034: 9798: 9244:

The Faith of Catholics: confirmed by Scripture, and attested by the Fathers of the five first centuries of the Church, Volume 1

8514: 3889: 3769: 1842: 1145: 1092: 9745: 8971: 8949: 8891: 8625: 8582: 8420: 7664: 7004: 6933: 6790: 6486: 2514:

Jesus Christ is present in the Eucharist in a true, real and substantial way, with his body, blood, soul and divinity. By the

2277:

The concept of the Jews both destroying and partaking in some perverted version of the Eucharist has been a vessel to promote

10623: 8566: 7972: 7947: 7892: 7868: 7237: 6278: 4078: 3785: 3702:

denominations differ in their understanding of whether they may celebrate the Eucharist with those with whom they are not in

3118: 2923: 2354: 2185:, died between 98 and 117), one of the Apostolic Fathers, mentions the Eucharist as "the flesh of our Saviour Jesus Christ": 1405: 432: 5477: 1571:

denominations rarely use this term, preferring "Communion", "the Lord's Supper", "Remembrance", or "the Breaking of Bread".

10748: 3777: 1067: 7496: 7156:. Bishop's Committee for Ecumenical and Interreligious Affairs, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. p. 90. 3417:

Both are extremely old, going back at least to the third century, and are the oldest extant liturgies continually in use.

10786: 8164: 2301:

Most Christians, even those who deny that there is any real change in the elements used, recognize a special presence of

1783:", the "Sacrament of the Altar", and other variations, are common terms used by Catholics, Lutherans and some Anglicans ( 1030: 493: 10991: 9503: 9482: 9468: 9454: 9379: 8814:

and coeliac disease the dietary avoidance of wheat and other gluten-containing cereals is the only effective treatment.

8664: 8604:"Codex Canonum Ecclesiarum orientalium, die XVIII Octobris anno MCMXC – Ioannes Paulus PP. II | Ioannes Paulus II" 8052:"The Catechism of the New Apostolic Church: 8.2.12 The real presence of the body and blood of Christ in Holy Communion" 7710: 7685: 7665:

Eucharistic Food and Drink / A report of the Inter-Anglican Liturgical Commission to the Anglican Consultative Council1

7571: 7405: 7186: 7161: 7029: 6253: 5964: 5699: 5659: 5633: 5573: 5548: 5115: 5064: 5010: 4989: 4968: 4937: 4859: 4803: 4778: 4749: 4478: 3773: 2384:, do not believe in the concept of the real presence, believing that the Eucharist is only a ceremonial remembrance or 2265:

that the bread and wine were his body and blood must be taken literally, since God is truth. He thus believes that the

1182: 8021: 3998: 3328:, typically receive communion on a monthly or periodic basis. Many non-denominational Christians hold to the Biblical 2498: 11001: 10672: 9771: 9525: 7780: 7372:

There are many other Baptists in history who have understood the "spiritual presence" of Christ in the Lord's Supper.

7356: 7130: 6147: 5771: 5649: 4836: 4656: 4086: 3885: 3321: 2456: 2250:, whose best-known and influential work is an exposition on the nature of the Eucharist written around 831, entitled 1238: 42: 10916: 8708:

Mulder CJ, van Wanrooij RL, Bakker SF, Wierdsma N, Bouma G (2013). "Gluten-free diet in gluten-related disorders".

6981: 6957: 6767: 6592: 6435: 5823: 5390: 4577:

A misprint in the English translation of the Medieval Sourcebook: Canons of the Fourth Lateran Council, 1215 gives

4283: 3857: 3571:. The Sacrament, which consists of both ordinary bread and water (rather than wine or grape juice), is prepared by 2997: 2905: 2438: 2370: 2053: 1590: 1102: 417: 4592:"Iesus Christus, cuius corpus et sanguis in sacramento altaris sub speciebus panis et vini veraciter continentur, 3287:"), inviting "all who intend a Christian life, together with their children" to receive the eucharistic elements. 10183: 10081: 10049: 9064: 8989: 3252: 3191: 2949:, modified to deny any corporal presence of Christ's natural flesh and blood, which are in Heaven and not here. 837: 9035:

Manangan, Lilia P.; Sehulster, Lynne M.; Chiarello, Linda; Simonds, Dawn N.; Jarvis, William R. (October 1998).

6873: 5937: 5926: 5054: 4632: 89: 10996: 10875: 10124: 10039: 9703: 9683: 9665: 9648: 9605: 9587: 9570: 9517: 9440: 9423: 9402: 9365: 9351: 9337: 9318: 9280: 9263: 7065: 5862: 5679: 5144: 5099: 5041: 4361: 4110: 3839: 3572: 3378: 1539: 1040: 985: 17: 9842: 9294: 2993: 10682: 10004: 8853: 5440: 4436: 4288: 4106: 4016: 3789: 3481:

the Holy Communion service customarily is celebrated once per quarter. The service includes the ordinance of

2534: 2358: 1175: 746: 700: 668: 8770:

Hischenhuber C, Crevel R, Jarry B, Mäki M, Moneret-Vautrin DA, Romano A, Troncone R, Ward R (1 March 2006).

8326: 8232: 8207: 2599:, unless he has a grave reason for receiving Communion and there is no possibility of going to confession." 10986: 10687: 9764: 9323: 9150: 6285:

Anabaptists here, despite sharp disagreement with Zwingli over baptism, generally affirmed his memorialism.

4266: 3478: 2938: 2934: 1445: 229: 6184: 1497:

is found several times in New Testament accounts of the Last Supper, including the earliest such account:

1384:) while the appearances of the bread and wine remain unaltered (e.g. colour, taste, feel, and smell). The 10758: 10539: 10401: 9627:

Ducentae paucorum istorum et quidem clarissimorum Christi verborum: Hoc est Corpus meum; interpretationes

9461:

Christologie und Kommunion Vol. 2: Liturgische Einführung und Rezeption der homoousianischen Christologie

7759:

An exposition of the gospels of St. Matthew and St. Mark: and some other detached parts of Holy Scripture

6245: 6237: 5883: 3929: 3781: 3633: 3498: 3128: 2835:

sense, the bread and wine are rightly said to be Christ's body and blood which he gives to his disciples.

2041: 1816: 975: 678: 7308: 6830: 5740: 3461:

sacrificial death of the Lord, which enables them to proclaim it with conviction (1 Corinthians 11: 26).

2652: 2305:

in this rite. However, Christians differ about exactly how, where and how long Christ is present in it.

1392:

churches agree that an objective change occurs of the bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ.

10868: 10830: 10317: 7206: 6561:"Council of Trent, Decree concerning the Most Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist, chapter IV and canon II" 4927: 4236: 4036: 3580: 3576: 3241: 1458: 1389: 455: 214: 35: 7045:

Why do the Orthodox use leavened bread since leaven is a symbol of sin? Is not Christ's body sinless?

5278: 4053:

is prescribed to be mixed with the wine must be only a relatively small quantity. The practice of the

3780:(WELS) practice closed communion, excluding non-members and requiring communicants to have been given 2640: 2608:, that is, the adoration given to God alone."" The Blessed Sacrament can be exposed (displayed) on an 10911: 10901: 10863: 10618: 10428: 10396: 10350: 10327: 7784: 7312: 5751: 5729: 4628: 4566: 4474: 3271: 3187: 3035: 2660: 2656: 2596: 2396: 1922: 1915: 1072: 1025: 1015: 870: 710: 673: 144: 8051: 7885:

Decisions of the Bundesverfassungsgericht (Federal Constitutional Court) Federal Republic of Germany

5915: 5904: 2664: 10891: 10796: 10791: 10606: 10571: 10497: 10453: 10448: 10245: 10071: 9916: 9813: 9808: 8747: 6990: 6986: 6966: 6962: 6776: 6772: 6739: 6601: 6597: 6444: 6440: 5832: 5828: 5399: 5395: 5265:

The Popular Encyclopedia of Church History: The People, Places, and Events That Shaped Christianity

4431: 4278: 4012: 3729:

exclamation by the deacon or priest, "The doors! The doors!", just before recitation of the Creed.

3136: 3029: 2864: 2848: 2421: 2114: 2049: 2045: 1869: 1633: 1303: 1140: 1087: 427: 412: 394: 185: 9580:

The Mystical Presence: A Vindication of the Reformed or Calvinistic Doctrine of the Holy Eucharist

8071:

Seventh-day Adventist Church Manual, 17th edition, 2005, pp. 81–86. Published by the secretariat,

7316: 6510:"The Real Presence of Jesus Christ in the Sacrament of the Eucharist: Basic Questions and Answers" 5309: 5293: 5127:

Epistle to the Ephesians 13:1; Epistle to the Philadelphians 4; Epistle to the Smyrnaeans 7:1, 8:1

5110:

Stanley E. Porter, Dictionary of Biblical Criticism and Interpretation (Taylor & Francis 2007

3984:, typically placed on an altar, at times with a light focused on it, or with candles flanking it. 3369:, the "Holy Offering" or "Holy Sacrifice", refers to the Eucharist as celebrated according to the 526: 10576: 10310: 10215: 10104: 10054: 9911: 9828: 9803: 9537: 9205: 6754: 5979: 5305: 5301: 5297: 4334: 4317: 4070: 3807: 3722: 3280: 2065: 2007: 1995: 1911: 1417: 1385: 1319: 1150: 1107: 882: 731: 486: 310: 239: 8686: 6915: 1247: 11031: 10896: 10487: 10345: 10287: 10178: 10157: 9922: 9672:

Eucharistic Consecration in the First Four Centuries and Its Implications for Liturgical Reform

9447:

Christologie und Kommunion Vol. 1: Entstehung und Verbreitung der homoousianischen Christologie

4470: 4466: 4354: 4074: 3874: 3811: 3554: 3503: 3411: 2795: 2718: 2333:

the change occurs, since the Catholic Church teaches that "the signs of bread and wine become,

1991: 1680: 1576: 1020: 832: 715: 422: 224: 9475:

Christologie und Kommunion Vol. 3: Auswirkungen auf die Frömmigkeit und den Eucharistieempfang

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Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church / editors, F. L. Cross & E. A. Livingstone 2005

5334: 4828: 2503: 1880:, or sermon, given by a priest or deacon. The latter, which follows seamlessly, includes the " 10955: 10554: 10280: 10089: 9992: 9947: 9876: 9575: 9254:, trans. by Charles Underhill Quinn. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1968. 7940:

A Charismatic Model of the Church: Edward Irving's Teaching in a 21st-century Chinese Context

7019: 6732: 5594: 4386: 3938: 3624:(members of the Religious Society of Friends) generally do not baptize or observe Communion. 3485:

and the Lord's Supper. Unleavened bread and unfermented (non-alcoholic) grape juice is used.

2914: 2758: 2621: 2282:

repetition of the event. Jewish people's eagerness to destroy hosts were also a variation of

1983: 1800: 1644: 970: 776: 761: 685: 574: 539: 510: 219: 9011: 5502: 5157: 4718: 1655: 1380:

of the bread and wine actually become the substances of the body and blood of Jesus Christ (

11011: 10776: 10726: 10711: 10588: 10297: 10197: 10147: 10142: 10099: 10059: 9987: 9201: 9190: 8772:"Review article: safe amounts of gluten for patients with wheat allergy or coeliac disease" 8055: 8029: 7999: 7912: 7360: 6893: 5353: 4167: 3445: 3056:. The Lutheran doctrine of the Real Presence is more accurately and formally known as the " 3009: 2690: 2366: 2296: 2243: 1507:), he broke it, and said, "This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me". 1409: 1315: 796: 569: 328: 180: 9293: 7991: 6020: 4693: 8: 11036: 10945: 10921: 10906: 10825: 10815: 10801: 10781: 10771: 10741: 10721: 10650: 10381: 10210: 10137: 9967: 9896: 9823: 9653: 9617:

Rasperger (Raspergero), Christopher (Christophorus, Christoph, Christophoro, Christophe)

9430: 8479: 7383: 7099: 6113: 6053: 5348:

Bayne, Brian L. (1974). "Plymouth Brethren". In Cross, F. L.; Livingstone, E. A. (eds.).

4954: 4246: 4172: 3933:

Worshippers kneel and bow in the street during the Eucharist Procession, London, England.

3850: 3641: 3518: 3407: 3256: 3132: 3053: 3005: 2989: 2839: 2175: 1955: 1865: 1530: 1295: 1163: 1158: 1122: 877: 849: 791: 736: 658: 460: 287: 9641:

This Is My Body: Luther's Contention for the Real Presence in the Sacrament of the Altar

8871: 8647: 8308: 5357: 3620:

Emphasizing the inward spiritual experience of their adherents over any outward ritual,

2119:), which itself has a much richer theological history than the English word "remember". 1938:) has often been used to refer to Christian worship more generally and is still used in 10976: 10820: 10766: 10677: 10667: 10458: 10373: 10322: 9932: 8801: 8733: 8462: 8060:

Rather, the substance of Christ's body and blood is joined to them (consubstantiation).

7823: 6581:

Council of Trent, Decree concerning the Most Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist, canon III

5951: 5537: 4666: 4482: 4462: 4299: 4189: 4082: 3849:

Most Latter-Day Saint churches practice closed communion; one notable exception is the

3835: 3753: 3538: 3374: 3336: 3313: 3260: 3124: 3102: 3070: 2919: 2730: 2707: 2544: 2523: 2403:", "Invocation of the Spirit", "Communion of the Faithful", and "Meal of the Kingdom". 2322: 2318: 2314: 2266: 2020: 1788: 1449: 1381: 1366: 902: 895: 786: 781: 766: 651: 579: 479: 372: 234: 170: 54: 9052: 8381: 4023:. For the Catholic Church, this issue was addressed in the 24 July 2003 letter of the 3142: 3112: 2961:

The serving of elements individually, to be taken in unison, is common among Baptists.

2757:

uses leavened bread, with the leaven symbolizing the presence of the Holy Spirit. The

2522:

of the bread and wine actually become the substances of the body and blood of Christ (

10857: 10736: 10642: 10566: 10465: 10438: 10357: 10305: 10255: 10014: 9982: 9977: 9972: 9962: 9952: 9901: 9699: 9679: 9661: 9644: 9601: 9583: 9566: 9513: 9499: 9478: 9464: 9450: 9436: 9419: 9398: 9375: 9361: 9347: 9333: 9314: 9276: 9259: 9215: 9109: 9056: 8843: 8793: 8788: 8771: 8725: 8562: 7968: 7943: 7888: 7864: 7706: 7681: 7401: 7334: 7233: 7182: 7157: 7126: 7081: 7025: 6676: 6616: 6274: 6249: 6215: 6143: 6040: 5960: 5858: 5767: 5695: 5675: 5655: 5629: 5569: 5544: 5371: 5323: 5196: 5140: 5111: 5095: 5060: 5037: 5006: 4985: 4964: 4933: 4855: 4832: 4799: 4774: 4745: 4652: 4547: 4414: 4293: 4219: 4145: 4094: 3815: 3796:, and many other Lutheran churches outside of the U.S. also practice open communion. 3749: 3568: 3564: 3542: 3466: 3245: 3090: 3061: 3057: 3001: 2985: 2893: 2726: 2625: 2561: 2381: 2344: 2310: 1792: 1780: 1768: 1572: 1548: 1453: 1397: 1338: 1127: 1097: 1077: 1010: 960: 888: 705: 564: 554: 367: 362: 340: 105: 31: 8737: 8518: 7965:

Edward Irving Reconsidered: The Man, His Controversies, and the Pentecostal Movement

6796: 5625: 5436: 2353:

also believe Christ to be present in the Eucharist, but describe this presence as a

1660: 1440: 10601: 10443: 10418: 9997: 9957: 9233: 9194: 9099: 9048: 8975: 8957: 8899: 8857: 8835: 8805: 8783: 8755: 8717: 8629: 8586: 7621: 7073: 6817: 6646: 6560: 6384: 6162: 5845: 5621: 5361: 4541: 4392: 4344: 4261: 4231: 4136:

most likely diseases to be transmitted would be common viral illnesses such as the

3793: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3674: 3526: 3506:

commemorate Jesus' death annually on the evening that corresponds to the Passover,

3431: 3403: 3370: 2946: 2539: 2519: 2131: 2081: 2057: 2037: 1967: 1838: 1834: 1544: 1491:), meaning "thanksgiving", appears a few times in it, while the related Greek verb 1377: 1350: 1346: 1327: 1209: 1112: 1005: 756: 628: 559: 465: 249: 205: 110: 9238: 9184: 8344: 7575: 6298:"Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry (Faith and Order Paper no. 111, the "Lima Text")" 3772:(ELCA) practices open communion, provided those who receive are baptized, but the 3575:

holders prior to the beginning of the meeting. At the beginning of the Sacrament,

3469:

is taught as the explanation of how the real presence is effected in the liturgy.

10810: 10716: 10507: 10205: 9285: 9268: 9018: 8934: 8878: 8743: 8486: 8427: 7484: 7465: 7051: 4873:"Strong's Greek: 2169. εὐχαριστία (eucharistia) – thankfulness, giving of thanks" 4350: 4338: 4241: 3910: 3823: 3692: 3637: 3522: 3511: 3164: 3147: 2974: 2852: 2819: 2746: 2722: 2511: 2448: 2306: 1931: 1826: 1784: 1684: 1373: 1362: 1342: 950: 859: 384: 277: 244: 8399: 8135: 3529:. They are referred to as the "anointed" class. They believe that the baptized " 3434:, Holy Communion, along with Holy Baptism and Holy Sealing, is one of the three 2586:

According to the Catholic Church doctrine receiving the Eucharist in a state of

10806: 10706: 10502: 10391: 10337: 10270: 10250: 10009: 9850: 9220: 9207:

The Bread of life: or St. Thomas Aquinas on the Adorable Sacrament of the Altar

9180: 9104: 9087: 7398:

Changing Churches: An Orthodox, Catholic, and Lutheran Theological Conversation

4742:

Changing Churches: An Orthodox, Catholic, and Lutheran Theological Conversation

4256: 4214: 4209: 4061: 4008: 3843: 3726: 3703: 3678: 3670: 3605: 3587: 3486: 3325: 3264:

Methodist clergy are not required to be vested when celebrating the Eucharist.

3219: 3180: 2827: 2754: 2694: 2684: 2527: 2061: 1907: 1897: 1893: 1822: 1812: 1692: 1639: 1621: 1543:

written between 155 and 157). Today, "the Eucharist" is the name still used by

1421: 996: 955: 935: 806: 771: 623: 544: 209: 149: 129: 8839: 7826:

from Broadman / Holman Church Supply. Christianbook.com. Accessed 5 July 2009.

6854: 6472: 6458: 5857:

Tyndale Bible Dictionary / editors, Philip W. Comfort, Walter A. Elwell, 2001

5674:

Tyndale Bible Dictionary / editors, Philip W. Comfort, Walter A. Elwell, 2001

5200: 3308:

is sometimes used for bread, emphasising the "re-creation" of the Last Supper.

3190:, for instance, prescribes "bread common to the culture". Harking back to the 2557: 1425: 10970: 10731: 10662: 10512: 10220: 9860: 9855: 9636: 8811: 8751: 8561:(1st ed.). Devalokam, Kottayam: Malankara Orthodox Church Publications. 8480:"Guidelines for Congregational, District, and Synodical Communion Statements" 8362: 8022:"8.2.13 The real presence of the sacrifice of Jesus Christ in Holy Communion" 7085: 6090: 6077: 6066: 5990: 4374: 4204: 4054: 4020: 3707: 3507: 3441: 3276: 3106: 3086: 3000:, specifically in Chapter 30, Articles 3 and 7. This view is prevalent among 2869: 2750: 2633: 2362: 2212: 2139: 2089: 1963: 1855: 1560: 1534: 1472: 1365:

and consumed thereafter. The consecrated elements are the end product of the

1354: 1323: 909: 816: 613: 608: 9510:

The Banquet's Wisdom: A Short History of the Theologies of the Lord's Supper

8668: 7992:"8.2.12 The real presence of the body and blood of Christ in Holy Communion" 3656:) do not take communion, instead viewing every meal as a Eucharistic feast. 2822:

adheres to a view known as the "sacramental presence", teaching that in the

10544: 10492: 10423: 10413: 10094: 10026: 9891: 9787: 9542: 9113: 8847: 8797: 8729: 7510: 7338: 6862: 6858: 4644: 4528: 4441: 4380: 4194: 4102: 4098: 3956: 3699: 3688: 3357: 3244:, Methodists also believe that the Lord's Supper is a sign and seal of the 3109:. They also call the Eucharist the Breaking of Bread or the Lord's Supper. 2930: 2773: 2648: 2644: 2515: 2426: 2278: 2247: 2164: 1951: 1864:

At least in the Catholic Church, the Mass is a long rite in two parts: the

1679:) to refer to the Eucharistic rite began by some groups originating in the 1629: 1292: 865: 638: 518: 357: 166: 139: 9612:

Eucharistia: il mistero dell'altare nel pensiero e nella vita della Chiesa

9060: 7848:. Nashville, Tennessee: The Methodist Publishing House. 1960. p. 522. 7640: 7077: 6535: 5375: 2937:, which allowed kneeling when receiving Holy Communion was omitted in the 10846: 10596: 10559: 10408: 10260: 10235: 10132: 9715: 9593: 9306: 6831:"Catechism of the Catholic Church – The sacrament of the Eucharist #1377" 4426: 4199: 4137: 4090: 3831: 3530: 3482: 3390: 3340: 3332:

of local churches and have no universal requirement among congregations.

3317: 3300: 3267: 3048: 2981: 2970: 2942: 2908:

in the United States restored explicit language that the Eucharist is an

2885: 2806:, as well as the serving of the bread and wine in the celebration of the 2803: 2769: 2629: 2617: 2416: 2385: 2377: 2340: 2283: 2262: 2135: 2033: 1939: 1830: 1648: 1564: 1476: 1393: 1311: 980: 940: 925: 811: 751: 695: 450: 379: 351: 159: 134: 8502: 7616: 5192:

Comprehensive History of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

3943: 2134:'s usage in 1 Corinthians 11:17–34, may have originally referred to the 10694: 10433: 10230: 9886: 9818: 9390: 7680:. Peterborough, England: Methodist Publishing House. 2000. p. 26. 5464: 4492: 4251: 4050: 3981: 3948: 3893: 3803: 3762: 3718: 3521:

people will go to heaven, to serve as under-priests and co-rulers with

3438:. It is the focus of the Divine Service in the liturgies of Irvingism. 3435: 3343:

and unleavened wafers or unleavened bread and practice open communion.

3284: 3065: 2734: 2613: 2587: 2570: 1568: 1429: 920: 345: 292: 9128:"Archbishops advise against sharing chalice during swine flu pandemic" 8721: 7154:

Growing Consensus II: Church Dialogues in the United States, 1992–2004

6271:

A Contemporary Anabaptist Theology: Biblical, Historical, Constructive

4894: 4872: 3202: 10851: 10699: 10524: 10517: 10475: 10470: 10265: 10225: 9037:"Risk of Infectious Disease Transmission from a Common Communion Cup" 8283:"Why Does the Salvation Army Not Baptize or Hold Communion Services?" 5366: 5330: 4322: 3965: 3819: 3159: 2823: 2807: 2799: 2791: 2765: 2742: 2738: 2675: 2591: 2412: 2350: 2112: 2085: 2012: 1972: 1881: 1762: 1751: 1707: 1600: 1556: 1552: 1518: 1486: 1401: 1299: 1082: 945: 915: 389: 175: 9491:. Reprint. Great Falls, MT: St. Bonaventure Publications, Inc., 1999 8659: 8657: 4719:"Keeping the Feast: Thoughts on Virtual Communion in a Lockdown Era" 2957: 2325:("change of the substance") is the term used by Catholics to denote 10240: 10109: 9346:. N. E. Nagel, trans. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1966. 8990:"Sacrament of the Eucharist: Rite of Sanctification of the Chalice" 6698: 6021:"Introduction to the Roberts-Donaldson translation of his writings" 5094:

by Gerhard Kittel, Gerhard Friedrich and Geoffrey W. Bromiley 1985

4796:

The Quest for the Grail: Arthurian Legend in British Art, 1840–1920

3757: 3733: 3329: 3113:

Reformed (Continental Reformed, Presbyterian and Congregationalist)

2966: 2909: 2721:, two different anaphoras are currently used: one is attributed to 2636: 1625: 1331: 930: 801: 255: 8556: 8503:

Holy Communion: A Practice of Faith in the United Church of Christ

8331:

Christian Science Committee on Publication for Southern California

8285:. Waterbeachsalvationarmy.org.uk. 28 February 1987. Archived from 6886:"'Abrahamic, Mosaic, and Prophetic Foundations of the Eucharist'. 5543:. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. pp. 1328–32. 10940: 10549: 10529: 10386: 10275: 9034: 8654: 4895:"Strong's Greek: 2168. εὐχαριστέω (eucharisteó) – to be thankful" 4312: 4131:

Catholic communicants in Brazil receive Communion in their hands.

4066: 3906: 3862: 3827: 3653: 3621: 3609: 3094: 2698: 2443: 2257: 2168: 2153: 2122: 1873: 1525: 965: 690: 663: 272: 154: 8707: 4057:

is that the mixture should be two parts wine to one part water.

3892:

before taking Communion if they are aware of having committed a

3040: 2616:. Rites involving the exposure of the Blessed Sacrament include 1720:

of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the

9756: 7428:, second edition, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1974), 340 4409: 4043: 4004: 3756:) not in full communion with it and of other churches that the 3683: 3586:

The prayer recited for the bread and the water is found in the

3305: 3176: 3172: 2843: 2702: 2302: 1877: 1523:(thanksgiving) is that by which the rite is referred to in the 1117: 618: 9563:

Grace Upon Grace: Sacramental Theology and the Christian Life.

9252:

Eucharist: Theology and Spirituality of the Eucharistic Prayer

9237: 7614: 7449:, (St. Louis: CPH, 1975), under the entry "consubstantiation". 1306:

in others. Christians believe that the rite was instituted by

1221: 10482: 9942: 9881: 9838: 9498:(Themen der Theologie 3), Tübingen: UTB / Mohr Siebeck 2012. 7548:

A Narrative of some of the Lord's dealings with George Muller

6792:

Under Julius III Council of Trent Session 13 Chapter IV

5651:

The Eucharistic Liturgies: Their Evolution and Interpretation

4491:, usually translated into English as "Mass", is derived from 4404: 3896:

and to prepare by fasting, prayer, and other works of piety.

3168: 2712: 2609: 2469:

Eucharist in the Catholic Church § Eucharist in the Mass

2234: 2158: 2106: 1977: 1901: 1757: 1745: 1701: 1687:

when one receives the Eucharist for the first time. The term

1594: 1502: 1492: 1480: 1358: 1307: 633: 595: 267: 8825: 8763: 7123:

Community of the Cross: Moravian Piety in Colonial Bethlehem

3959:, Anglo-Catholic and some Lutheran traditions, in which the 2530:

argued, the substance of the bread and wine cannot return).

1444:

The Eucharist has been a key theme in the depictions of the

1215: 9543:"Sermon XXXII.—On the Dispositions for the Communion" 9344:

Eucharist and Church Fellowship in the First Four Centuries

9219: 8769: 3999:

Coeliac disease § Christian churches and the Eucharist

3969: 3465:

In the Irvingian tradition of Restorationist Christianity,

3761:

have no access to a minister of their own community. Some

3222:, who wrote a Eucharistic hymn with the following stanza: 2693:, the Eucharistic service is called the "Divine Liturgy" ( 2429:

but as an expression of faith and of obedience to Christ.

1950:

Some Eastern rites have yet more names for the Eucharist.

1756:, 'breaking of the bread'; in later liturgical Greek also 9619:

Two hundred interpretations of the words: This is my Body

7641:"Question & Answer: The Orthodox Presbyterian Church" 7445:, (St. Louis: CPH, 1934), 519; cf. also Erwin L. Lueker, 7005:"Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church #286" 6410:"Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church #271" 4527:

The tradition that Ignatius was a direct disciple of the

3973: 3012:),and several individuals in other Baptist associations. 2711:, (literally "offering" or "carrying up", from the Greek 2411:

Many Christian denominations classify the Eucharist as a

2246:(785–865) was a Carolingian theologian, and the abbot of 1845:), and by some Anglicans. It derives from the Latin word 1258: 1224: 8701: 6935:

Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church # 291

3884:

The Catholic Church requires its members to receive the

2922:

have done likewise (the Church of England did so in the

2455:

In the Catholic Church the Eucharist is considered as a

9541: 8819: 8363:"Church Fathers: The First Apology (St. Justin Martyr)" 6488:

Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church #282

5352:. Vol. 329. Oxford University Press. p. 578. 4929:

The Eucharist in the New Testament and the Early Church

3080: 2451:, the Host is displayed to the people before Communion. 9531:

American Journal of Religious Psychology and Education

8187:"Handbook 2: Administering the Church, Chapter 20.4.3" 8109:, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1988, p. 392. 8097:, Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, 1989, p. 265. 4651:(Revised ed.). Louisville, Kentucky. p. 63. 4596:

pane in corpus, et vino in sanguinem potestate divina"

4123:

Impact of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic on religion

2056:, which suggests how early Christians celebrated what 9275:. J. A. O. Preus, trans. St. Louis: Concordia, 1979. 8685:. Stlukeorthodox.com. 4 February 2001. Archived from 7443:

Christian Dogmatics: A Handbook of Doctrinal Theology

5848:, Understanding the Bible. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985. 5350:

The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church; Nature

5239:

Types of Pentecostal Theology: Method, System, Spirit

3384: 3212:

Catechism for the use of the people called Methodists

3206:

A United Methodist minister consecrating the elements

1239: 1227: 1218: 9742:

according to the current edition of the Roman Missal

9433:: The Confessions of the Evangelical Lutheran Church 9374:. London, UK: Baronius Press Ltd., 2013 reprint ed. 7846:

The Doctrines and Discipline of the Methodist Church

7807:"What do I need to know about communion in the UMC?" 5224:

Andrew B. McGowan, "The Myth of the Lord's Supper",

4649:

The Meal Jesus Gave Us: Understanding Holy Communion

3351: 3316:, receive communion every Sunday. Others, including 3289:

The Doctrines and Discipline of the Methodist Church

3283:

practices open communion (which it describes as an "

2679:

Eucharistic elements prepared for the Divine Liturgy

1887: 1230: 41:"Lord's Supper" redirects here. For other uses, see 9631:

Zweihundert Auslegungen der Worte das ist mein Leib

7678:

A Catechism for the use of people called Methodists

5959:(reprint ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. 3652:The United Society of Believers (commonly known as 2873:Illuminated title of "The Holy Communion" from the 2099: 2080:In the one prayer given to posterity by Jesus, the 1212: 9598:Corrective Love: The Power of Communion Discipline 7694: 7230:Inter-Actions: Relationships of Religion and Drama 7147: 7145: 5950: 5536: 5529:Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church 5503:"liturgy of the Eucharist | Definition & Rite" 5322: 3444:, who founded the Irvingian Churches, such as the 3312:Many non-denominational Christians, including the 2475:Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church 1787:) for the consecrated elements, particularly when 1716:The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the 9189:(in Latin). Rome: Bibliotheca Vaticana. pp. 5616:Hovhanessian, Vahan (2011), "Badarak (Patarag)", 5593:. First Bethlehem Lutheran Church. Archived from 5414:"Small Catechism (6): The Sacrament of the Altar" 5325:Introduction to the Theology of the New Testament 3410:, while that of the West Syrian tradition is the 2130:The expression "The Lord's Supper", derived from 1774: 1700:("sharing in common"), translated from the Greek 1420:believe that this is a spiritual presence, while 10968: 9690:The Lord's Supper: Believers Church Perspectives 9418:. Collegeville, MN: The Liturgical Press, 1970. 9291: 7054:– orthodoxanswers.org. Retrieved 26 August 2018. 6300:. Oikoumene.org. 15 January 1982. Archived from 5252:The Westminster Handbook to Evangelical Theology 5183: 5181: 5179: 5003:The New Westminster Dictionary of Church History 4825:Christian Confessions: A Historical Introduction 3765:communities exclude non-members from Communion. 2912:(sacrifice) to God. Subsequent revisions of the 9728:. London: Oxford University Press, 1960. 119 p. 9600:. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1995. 9179: 7615:D. G. Hart and John R. Muether (October 1997). 7142: 6745:, 1. Confession of Faith, retrieved 2010-03-13. 6024: 5648:Bradshaw, Paul F.; Johnson, Maxwell E. (2012). 5647: 5534: 5526: 4733: 3865:, or the book of common prayers, for the week. 3561:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 3295: 1797:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1529:(a late 1st or early 2nd century document), by 1036:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 9302:. Translated by James Donovan. Lucas Brothers. 9088:"Infections associated with religious rituals" 9085: 8950:"Catechism of the Catholic Church – IntraText" 7942:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 167. 7737:, and the administration of the sacraments of 7701:Abraham, William J.; Watson, David F. (2013). 6451: 6177:"Art. X: Of the Holy Supper | Book of Concord" 5087: 5085: 5083: 4531:is consistent with the content of his letters. 4477:churches, while "Consecration" is used in the 4272: 3594: 3044:Table set for the Eucharist in an ELCA service 2794:and German Baptist Brethren Churches like the 2761:utilizes leavened bread in their celebration. 2419:(though not all) prefer to instead call it an 10656:Architecture of cathedrals and great churches 10355: 9772: 8890:McNamara, Father Edward (14 September 2004). 8150:"Discerning What We Are – At Memorial Time", 7761:. George Lane & Levi Scott. p. 282. 7719: 7700: 7560:The new SCM dictionary of liturgy and worship 7536:The new SCM dictionary of liturgy and worship 7487:at LutheransOnline.com. Retrieved 2011–04–24. 7426:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 7389: 7279:, Revised Edition, SPCK London, 1992, p. 316. 7199: 6088: 5954:The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia 5717:"A Hard Saying" : The Gospel and Culture 5176: 3402:refers to the Eucharist as celebrated in the 3146:Many Presbyterian churches historically used 1593:Paul uses the term "Lord's Supper", in Greek 1183: 487: 9526:The Ethnological Background of the Eucharist 9092:International Journal of Infectious Diseases 8073:General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists 7956: 7395: 6514:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 6092:CHURCH FATHERS: The First Apology Chapter 66 5766:Westminster Press, Philadelphia (1983) p. 3 5641: 5615: 4739: 3664: 9360:. Nashville: Discipleship Resources, 2005. 9329:I Am: Eucharistic Meditations on the Gospel 8557:Ministry of Liturgical Development (2017). 7986: 7984: 7852: 7750: 7459:What Lutherans Believe About Holy Communion 7350: 7348: 7232:. University Press of America. p. 34. 7179:The Music of the Moravian Church in America 7170: 7114: 6124: 6122: 5799:Westminster Press, Philadelphia (1983) p. 5 5092:Theological Dictionary of the New Testament 5080: 4798:. Manchester University Press. p. 40. 4590: 4584: 4578: 4545: 4495: 4486: 4116: 4007:in wheat bread is dangerous to people with 3955:Eucharistic adoration is a practice in the 2603: 2251: 2126:Early Christian painting of an Agape feast. 1852: 1846: 1695: 1264: 9779: 9765: 9428:Kolb, Robert and Timothy J. Wengert, eds. 9395:The Lamb's Supper: Mass as Heaven on Earth 9214: 8922:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 7967:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 292. 7877: 7400:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 54. 7181:. University Rochester Press. p. 34. 7151: 7024:. Cambridge University Press. p. 90. 6725: 6262: 5618:The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization 5557: 5531:. Libreria Editrice Vaticana. p. 275. 5320: 4925: 4787: 4773:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 263. 4744:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 54. 4671:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4485:language of Ireland and Scotland the word 4025:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith 2581: 2425:, viewing it not as a specific channel of 2357:, not a physical one. Anglicans adhere to 2146: 1632:. They also refer to the observance as an 1190: 1176: 525: 494: 480: 9696:Eucharist: Christ's Feast with the Church 9678:, 31. Oxford, Eng.: Latimer House, 1989. 9536: 9313:. London: Continuum International, 2005. 9232: 9200: 9103: 8787: 8533:"20. Priesthood Ordinances and Blessings" 8379: 8327:"Do Christian Scientists take Communion?" 8179: 8026:The Catechism of the New Apostolic Church 7996:The Catechism of the New Apostolic Church 7530: 7528: 7396:Mattox, Mickey L.; Roeber, A. G. (2012). 6242:People and Place: A Covenant Ecclesiology 6137: 5784:A Textual Commentary on the New Testament 5365: 4740:Mattox, Mickey L.; Roeber, A. G. (2012). 4694:"Encyclopædia Britannica, s.v. Eucharist" 4465:, the "Oblation" is the term used in the 4161: 3916: 3472: 3150:to provide entrance to the Lord's Supper. 2272: 9752:A Brief Exposition of the Divine Service 9582:. 1846; Wipf & Stock reprint, 2000. 8889: 8598: 8596: 8130: 8128: 7981: 7931: 7725: 7670: 7345: 7221: 7017: 6473:"Catechism of the Catholic Church #1410" 6459:"Catechism of the Catholic Church #1367" 6119: 5719:. The Liturgical Press. pp. 109–30. 5566:Lutheran Churches in Early Modern Europe 5434: 4822: 4762: 4589:in Canon 1, as opposed to the original: 4178:Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 4126: 3942: 3928: 3682: 3567:or branch worldwide at the beginning of 3450:real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 3299: 3201: 3183:, while others use any bread available. 3141: 3039: 2956: 2945:'s insistence. It was reinstated in the 2868: 2674: 2576:Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 2556: 2552:extraordinary minister of Holy Communion 2497: 2494:Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 2442: 2167:treatise that includes instructions for 2121: 2011: 1654: 1638: 1605:), in the early 50s of the 1st century: 1439: 1414:real presence of Christ in the Eucharist 8380:Berzonsky, Vladimir (24 January 2010). 7962: 7502: 7246: 7064:Zakhary, Beniamin (19 September 2024). 7063: 6142:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. 5948: 5714: 5276: 5263:Edward E. Hindson, Daniel R. Mitchell, 5254:, Westminster John Knox Press, UK, 2004 5188: 5052: 5046: 4950: 4948: 4827:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 4793: 4306: 4225: 3968:or convent, it is done by the resident 3659: 3627: 3060:". Others have erroneously called this 2376:Christians adhering to the theology of 2290: 2060:called the Lord's Supper. Although the 14: 10969: 9660:. St Vladimir's Seminary Press, 1997. 9643:. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2001. 9409:A Study in the Psychology of Ritualism 7858: 7756: 7534:Darby, J.N., quoted in Bradshaw, P.F. 7525: 7331:What is It to Eat and Drink Unworthily 7328: 7252: 7176: 7120: 6269:Finger, Thomas N. (26 February 2010). 6268: 6236: 6205: 6174: 6163:Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1333 5839: 5563: 5280:Holy Communion: What is the Eucharist? 5267:, Harvest House Publishers, US, 2013, 5130: 5027: 4921: 4919: 4917: 4915: 4771:Major Themes in the Reformed Tradition 4643: 3770:Evangelical Lutheran Church in America 3492: 3346: 3228:To bring the long sought Saviour down; 2790:Anabaptist denominations, such as the 2365:although the teaching in the Anglican 1945: 11027:New Testament Greek words and phrases 9760: 9435:. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2000. 9300:The catechism of the Council of Trent 9148: 9041:American Journal of Infection Control 8644:"Preparing to Receive Holy Communion" 8593: 8125: 7909:"Professing Christ in Holy Communion" 7207:"The Observance of the Lord's Supper" 7152:Veliko, Lydia; Gros, Jeffrey (2005). 5588: 5347: 4768: 4369:Confession Concerning Christ's Supper 4183: 4079:Christian Churches/Churches of Christ 3786:Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada 3232:Thou dost e'en now Thy banquet crown: 2487: 2406: 1533:(who died between 98 and 117) and by 1408:of Christ in the Eucharist. Anglican 9740:The Ordinary of the Mass, Roman Rite 9477:, Münster: Aschendorff-Verlag 2022. 9463:, Münster: Aschendorff-Verlag 2020. 9449:, Münster: Aschendorff-Verlag 2018. 9086:Pellerin, J.; Edmond, M. B. (2013). 8920:The same 24 July 2003 letter of the 8044: 7603:The Westminster Confession for Today 7121:Atwood, Craig D. (1 November 2010). 6736:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 6138:Niremberg, David (4 February 2013). 5437:"Anglo-Catholics: What they believe" 5059:. Liturgical Press. pp. 22–23. 4945: 4688: 4686: 4684: 4682: 3778:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod 3548: 3377:of the East Syrian tradition is the 3081:Open Brethren and Exclusive Brethren 2798:churches and congregations have the 2670: 1739: 1647:fresco (15th century) depicting the 9411:. University of Chicago Press, 1910 8337: 8140:. Watch Tower Society. p. 207. 7937: 7705:. Abingdon Press. pp. 103–04. 7497:How do we move to weekly Communion? 7354: 7333:. Baptist Sunday School Committee. 7227: 6644: 6533: 6273:. InterVarsity Press. p. 186. 6140:Anti-Judaism: The Western Tradition 4912: 4540:Radbertus was canonized in 1073 by 3978:Exposition of the Blessed Sacrament 3899: 3008:(a Calvinistic movement among some 2813: 1357:traditions), are consecrated on an 1353:(non-alcoholic grape juice in some 1031:Members Church of God International 24: 9748:– Catechism of the Catholic Church 9295:"Part 2: The Holy Eucharist" 9172: 9130:. Christiantoday.com. 27 July 2009 8665:"How to Prepare for the Eucharist" 8258:"The Restoration of the Sacrament" 7508: 7070:The Journal of Theological Studies 6726:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). " 6175:Mahler, Corey (10 December 2019). 5005:(Westminster John Knox Press 2008 4932:, Liturgical Press, pp. 1–2, 4479:Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church 3980:, the Eucharist is displayed in a 3385:Syro-Antiochene Rite (West Syriac) 3119:Lord's Supper in Reformed theology 2992:affirm the Reformed doctrine of a 2432: 1659:Eucharistic window (1898–1900) by 25: 11048: 9733: 9548:Sermons by John-Baptist Massillon 9149:Reddy, Sumathi (7 January 2011). 8972:"Code of Canon Law, canon 924 §1" 8828:Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 8137:What Does the Bible Really Teach? 8118:"Jehovah is a God of Covenants", 7781:Methodist Church of Great Britain 7125:. Penn State Press. p. 165. 6206:Mahler, Corey (21 October 2020). 5882:. 11 October 2013. Archived from 5001:Robert Benedetto, James O. Duke, 4679: 4500:, meaning "oblation", "offering". 4383:(16th and 17th-century Anglicans) 4087:Church of God (Anderson, Indiana) 3599: 3420: 3352:Edessan Rite (Church of the East) 3236:And show Thy real presence here! 3105:follow a similar practice to the 2462: 2335:in a way surpassing understanding 2233:And this food is called among us 2027: 1888:Divine Liturgy and Divine Service 11007:Eucharist in the Catholic Church 10951: 10950: 10939: 10067:State church of the Roman Empire 9786: 9186:De venerabili sacramento altaris 9142: 9120: 9079: 9028: 9004: 8982: 8964: 8942: 8927: 8914: 8883: 8865: 8852:A recently proposed approach to 8789:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02768.x 8683:"Preparation for Holy Communion" 8675: 8636: 8618: 8575: 8559:Service Book of the Holy Qurbono 8550: 8525: 8515:"Community of Christ: Communion" 8507: 8495: 8473: 8463:"Close communion and membership" 8455: 8433: 8414: 8392: 8373: 8355: 8319: 8301: 8275: 8250: 8225: 8200: 8157: 8144: 8112: 8100: 8088: 8078: 8065: 8014: 7901: 7838: 7829: 7817: 7799: 7769: 7658: 7633: 7608: 7595: 7582: 7564: 7552: 7540: 7499:at elca.org Retrieved 2011-09-18 7490: 7471: 7452: 7435: 7418: 7377: 7357:"Baptists and the Lord's Supper" 7321: 7302: 7293: 7282: 7270: 7261: 7092: 7057: 7038: 7011: 6997: 6982:Catechism of the Catholic Church 6973: 6958:Catechism of the Catholic Church 6949: 6926: 6908: 6878: 6867: 6848: 6823: 6811: 6783: 6768:Catechism of the Catholic Church 6759: 6748: 6719: 6713: 6691: 6665: 6638: 6608: 6593:Catechism of the Catholic Church 6436:Catechism of the Catholic Church 5824:Catechism of the Catholic Church 5539:Catechism of the Catholic Church 5450:– via anglicanhistory.org. 5391:Catechism of the Catholic Church 4602: 4571: 4284:Eucharist in the Catholic Church 3987: 3960: 3858:Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church 3226:We need not now go up to Heaven, 3158:Many, on the other hand, follow 2998:Second London Baptist Confession 2780: 2439:Eucharist in the Catholic Church 2256:. In it, Paschasius agrees with 2100:First Epistle to the Corinthians 2054:First Epistle to the Corinthians 1591:First Epistle to the Corinthians 1584: 1322:bread and wine. Passages in the 1208: 1157: 88: 10050:First seven ecumenical councils 9397:. Darton, Longman, Todd. 1999. 8896:ZENIT International News Agency 7963:Bennett, David Malcolm (2014). 7859:Whalen, William Joseph (1981). 7617:"The Lord's Supper: How Often?" 7267:Book of Common Prayer Catechism 6647:"Summa Theologiae, Question 77" 6584: 6575: 6553: 6527: 6502: 6479: 6465: 6427: 6402: 6377: 6354: 6331: 6325:Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry 6316: 6290: 6230: 6199: 6168: 6156: 6131: 6106: 6082: 6078:Letter to the Philadelphians, 4 6071: 6060: 6013: 6000: 5984: 5973: 5942: 5931: 5920: 5909: 5898: 5868: 5851: 5815: 5802: 5789: 5776: 5756: 5745: 5734: 5723: 5708: 5688: 5668: 5626:10.1002/9780470670606.wbecc0112 5609: 5582: 5520: 5495: 5470: 5454: 5428: 5406: 5382: 5341: 5314: 5287: 5270: 5257: 5244: 5231: 5218: 5207: 5150: 5121: 5104: 5016: 4995: 4982:Four Views on the Lord's Supper 4974: 4963:(B&H Publishing Group 2011 4887: 4865: 4563:Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry 4555: 4534: 4521: 4512: 4503: 4455: 3214:states that, " Jesus Christ is 3192:regulative principle of worship 2504:Sanctuary of Our Lady of Fátima 2502:Eucharistic celebration at the 2393:Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry 1337:The elements of the Eucharist, 30:For Eucharistic liturgies, see 10917:Relations with other religions 10323:Church of the East (Nestorian) 10318:Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite) 9416:The Faith of the Early Fathers 9221:"The Blessed Eucharist." 8626:"Code of Canon Law, canon 919" 8583:"Code of Canon Law, canon 916" 8441:"ELCA Full Communion Partners" 8400:"Code of Canon Law, canon 844" 8165:"Doctrine and Covenants 20:75" 7511:"Lesson 13: The Lord's Supper" 5995:The canon of the New Testament 5876:"Eucharist and Gospel of John" 5137:Introducing Early Christianity 5034:Eucharist in the New Testament 4845: 4816: 4711: 4637: 4622: 4362:The Adoration of the Sacrament 3868: 3774:Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod 3379:Holy Qurbana of Addai and Mari 3234:To every faithful soul appear, 3230:Thou art to all already given, 2785: 2647:, so the Eucharist became the 1775:Sacrament or Blessed Sacrament 1734: 1475:was originally written in the 1435: 1041:The New Church (Swedenborgian) 986:Nondenominational Christianity 77: 43:Lord's Supper (disambiguation) 13: 1: 11022:Lutheran sacraments and rites 11017:Lutheran Eucharistic theology 10982:Anglican Eucharistic theology 9698:. Nashville: Abingdon, 1993. 9489:The Saint Andrew Daily Missal 9332:, Alba House Publishing 2001 9324:Cabrera de Armida, Concepcion 9151:"Hands Off After Wafer Scare" 9053:10.1016/s0196-6553(98)70029-x 8095:Reasoning From The Scriptures 7861:Minority Religions in America 7021:The Great Church in Captivity 6728:Fourth Lateran Council (1215) 6067:Letter to the Smyrnaeans, 7-8 5591:"The Lutheran Way of Worship" 5441:Society of SS. Peter and Paul 4615: 4437:Catholic theology of the body 4357:period, approx. 16th century) 4289:Sacrament (Latter Day Saints) 4107:Christian Missionary Alliance 4017:non-celiac gluten sensitivity 3947:The Eucharist displayed in a 3790:Evangelical Church in Germany 3711: 3129:Continental Reformed Churches 2535:Fourth Council of the Lateran 2253:De Corpore et Sanguine Domini 2223: 2216: 2179: 2105:passage for 'remembrance' is 9533:, IV (No. 1–2), March, 1910. 9386:Close Communion and Baptists 9025:, 12 March 1974, pp. 257–59. 7703:Key United Methodist Beliefs 7513:. Plymouth Brethren Writings 6742:Fourth Lateran Council: 1215 6010:. Citing Riggs, John W. 1984 5865:, article: "John, Gospel of" 4398: 4328: 4267:Thanksgiving after Communion 3924: 3636:observed Communion, founder 3479:Seventh-day Adventist Church 3425: 3296:Nondenominational Christians 3197: 2996:, which is expressed in the 2768:("invocation") by which the 2190:to whom he has entrusted it. 2138:(or love feast), the shared 2113: 2068:but also in other passages. 1763: 1752: 1708: 1666: 1601: 1519: 1487: 1479:language and the Greek noun 1466: 1446:Last Supper in Christian art 1302:in most churches, and as an 1259: 1046:Unitarians and Universalists 27:Christian rite and sacrament 7: 10624:Views on poverty and wealth 9558:. Our Sunday Visitor, 1999. 9554:McBride, Alfred, O. Praem. 9010:Compare John Howard Spahr, 8754:is lifelong adherence to a 8402:. Intratext.com. 4 May 2007 7863:. Alba House. p. 104. 7811:The United Methodist Church 7726:Crowther, Jonathan (1815). 7355:Wax, Trevin (6 June 2007). 7228:Vos, Nelvin (16 May 2009). 6536:"Summa Theologiæ Article 2" 6246:Westminster John Knox Press 6208:"Part VI | Book of Concord" 5620:, American Cancer Society, 5237:Christopher A. Stephenson, 5226:Catholic Biblical Quarterly 4926:LaVerdiere, Eugene (1996), 4794:Poulson, Christine (1999). 4273:Views of different churches 4155: 3879: 3840:non-denominational churches 3634:Church of Christ, Scientist 3595:Non-observing denominations 3510:, according to the ancient 3023: 2952: 2858: 2329:is changed, not to explain 2229:) mentions in this regard: 1910:traditions, whether in the 1817:Mass in the Catholic Church 70: 10: 11053: 10869:World Evangelical Alliance 10831:Traditionalist Catholicism 9746:Sacrament of the Eucharist 9407:Henke, Frederick Goodrich 9105:10.1016/j.ijid.2013.05.001 8313:Friends General Conference 8154:, 15 February 1990, p. 16. 7887:. Nomos. 1992. p. 6. 7728:A Portraiture of Methodism 7255:The Dictionary of Religion 7177:Knouse, Nola Reed (2008). 6987:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 6963:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 6773:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 6614: 6598:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 6441:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 5829:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 5568:. Routledge. p. 185. 5435:Prestige, Leonard (1927). 5396:Libreria Editrice Vaticana 4544:. His works are edited in 4237:Communion under both kinds 4120: 4037:Christian views on alcohol 4034: 4030: 3996: 3936: 3872: 3842:practice various forms of 3668: 3647: 3615: 3552: 3496: 3388: 3355: 3242:Wesleyan covenant theology 3137:Congregationalist Churches 3116: 3033: 3027: 2918:by member churches of the 2862: 2713: 2682: 2643:) As the Passover was the 2491: 2466: 2436: 2294: 2235: 2159: 2107: 2071: 2052:. It also is found in the 2005: 2001: 1978: 1902: 1810: 1758: 1746: 1712:) in 1 Corinthians 10:16: 1702: 1595: 1503: 1493: 1481: 1448:, as in this 16th-century 1251: 456:Christian views on alcohol 215:Communion under both kinds 40: 36:Eucharist (disambiguation) 29: 10992:Ceremonial food and drink 10934: 10884: 10864:World Council of Churches 10839: 10757: 10641: 10632: 10587: 10372: 10356: 10351:Latter Day Saint movement 10336: 10296: 10196: 10177: 10123: 10080: 10025: 9931: 9910: 9869: 9837: 9794: 9292:Council of Trent (1829). 9017:21 September 2008 at the 8840:10.1016/j.bpg.2015.04.006 8107:Insight on the Scriptures 7938:Lee, David Y. T. (2018). 7735:the preaching of the word 7018:Runciman, Steven (1968). 6890:16, no. 4 (2008): 102–05" 6874:1 Cor. 11:23–25 5795:Heron, Alisdair >I.C. 5762:Heron, Alisdair >I.C. 5715:Moloney, Francis (2001). 5461:Oxford English Dictionary 5321:Richardson, Alan (1958). 4769:McKim, Donald K. (1998). 4567:World Council of Churches 4420: 3992: 3890:Penance or Reconciliation 3665:Open and closed communion 3188:Presbyterian Church (USA) 3175:.) in view of the use of 3036:Divine Service (Lutheran) 2924:proposed 1928 prayer book 2397:World Council of Churches 2017:Christ with the Eucharist 1916:Eastern Catholic Churches 1872:. The former consists of 1833:churches (especially the 1636:rather than a sacrament. 316:Catholic historical roots 11002:Eastern Orthodox liturgy 10892:Anti-Christian sentiment 10072:Christian biblical canon 9726:The Bread Which We Break 9712:. 1916, pp. 347–49. 9538:Massillon, Jean-Baptiste 9311:The Shape of the Liturgy 8877:29 December 2010 at the 8748:dermatitis herpetiformis 7757:Watson, Richard (1852). 7592:Oxford: Blackwell (2003) 7253:Benham, William (1887). 6818:Session XIII, chapter IV 6615:Mulcahy, O.P., Bernard. 5535:Catholic Church (1997). 5527:Catholic Church (2006). 5416:. Christ Lutheran Church 5277:Higgins, Jethro (2018), 5228:77.3 (July 2015), 503-21 4448: 4432:Catholic social teaching 4279:Eucharist in Anglicanism 4117:Transmission of diseases 4013:gluten-related disorders 3499:Memorial of Jesus' Death 3371:East Syriac Christianity 3089:assemblies, also termed 3030:Eucharist in Lutheranism 2988:, while others, such as 2865:Eucharist in Anglicanism 2849:right hand of fellowship 2731:Oriental Orthodox Church 2388:of the death of Christ. 1870:Liturgy of the Eucharist 407:Denominational teachings 10946:Christianity portal 10105:Investiture Controversy 9610:Piolanti, Antonio, ed. 9226:Sermons from the Latins 8742:The only treatment for 8537:ChurchofJesusChrist.org 8492:. Retrieved 2016–12–28. 8430:. Retrieved 2013–03–23. 8262:ChurchofJesusChrist.org 8237:ChurchofJesusChrist.org 8212:ChurchofJesusChrist.org 7468:. Retrieved 2011–04–25. 7257:. Cassell. p. 719. 7209:. Moravian Church. 2010 7102:. Gameo. 24 August 2013 6389:www.merriam-webster.com 6363:Presbyterorum ordinis 5 5564:Spicer, Andrew (2016). 5507:Encyclopedia Britannica 5283:, Oregon Catholic Press 5189:Roberts, B. H. (1938). 5164:. Ccel.org. 1 June 2005 5053:Milavec, Aaron (2003). 4957:, Matthew R. Crawford, 4371:by Martin Luther (1528) 4365:by Martin Luther (1523) 4335:Origin of the Eucharist 4071:United Methodist Church 3808:Congregational churches 3723:Mass of the Catechumens 3281:United Methodist Church 3253:Methodist denominations 2582:Reception and devotions 2147:Early Christian sources 2066:Bread of Life Discourse 2008:Origin of the Eucharist 1912:Eastern Orthodox Church 1806: 1803:" is used of the rite. 1412:universally affirm the 1406:real spiritual presence 311:Origin of the Eucharist 240:Feast of Corpus Christi 10897:Christian universalism 10288:Western Rite Orthodoxy 10133:Protestant Reformation 9720:The Meal Jesus Gave Us 9614:. Roma: Desclée, 1957. 9576:Nevin, John Williamson 9550:. Thomas Tegg and Son. 9239:"The Eucharist." 9199:(English translation: 8776:Aliment Pharmacol Ther 8485:9 October 2016 at the 7915:. 2017. Archived from 7572:"Brethren Online FAQs" 7329:Graves, J. R. (1928). 7050:26 August 2018 at the 5949:Lambert, J.C. (1978). 5938:1 Corinthians 11:17–34 5927:1 Corinthians 11:23–25 5812:Pelican (1963) p. 237 5195:. Deseret News Press. 5036:by Jerome Kodell 1988 5023:1 Corinthians 11:23–24 4854:by Stefano Zuffi 2003 4823:Campbell, Ted (1996). 4633:1 Corinthians 11:23–25 4591: 4585: 4579: 4546: 4496: 4487: 4355:Protestant Reformation 4132: 4075:Seventh-day Adventists 3952: 3934: 3917:Protestant confessions 3875:Eucharistic discipline 3812:Church of the Nazarene 3806:communities including 3696: 3555:Sacrament (LDS Church) 3473:Seventh-day Adventists 3463: 3412:Liturgy of Saint James 3404:West Syrian traditions 3309: 3207: 3151: 3045: 2962: 2881: 2837: 2796:Church of the Brethren 2719:Rite of Constantinople 2680: 2604: 2597:sacramental absolution 2565: 2507: 2452: 2273:Jews and the Eucharist 2252: 2241: 2210: 2198: 2127: 2024: 1935: 1853: 1847: 1732: 1724:of the body of Christ? 1696: 1681:Protestant Reformation 1663: 1652: 1617: 1614:1 Corinthians 11:20–21 1515: 1512:1 Corinthians 11:23–24 1463: 1410:eucharistic theologies 34:. For other uses, see 10997:Christian terminology 10555:Anointing of the Sick 9473:Latinovic, Vladimir, 9459:Latinovic, Vladimir, 9445:Latinovic, Vladimir, 8936:The Gluten-Free Bible 7667:anglicancommunion.org 7483:24 March 2011 at the 7478:How Lutherans Worship 7464:20 March 2011 at the 6733:Catholic Encyclopedia 6626:. Knights of Columbus 6563:. History.hanover.edu 6385:"Definition of PASCH" 5786:UBS (1971) pp. 173ff 4852:Gospel Figures in Art 4387:Year of the Eucharist 4130: 4113:Protestant churches. 4109:, and other American 3946: 3939:Eucharistic adoration 3937:Further information: 3932: 3732:Churches such as the 3686: 3565:Latter-Day Saint Ward 3458: 3320:churches such as the 3303: 3205: 3181:Jewish Passover meals 3145: 3133:Presbyterian Churches 3043: 2960: 2915:Book of Common Prayer 2877:Book of Common Prayer 2872: 2832: 2759:Greek Orthodox Church 2678: 2622:eucharistic adoration 2560: 2501: 2446: 2231: 2199: 2187: 2125: 2036:appears in all three 2015: 2006:Further information: 1996:Eritrean Christianity 1876:from the Bible and a 1714: 1658: 1645:Kremikovtsi Monastery 1642: 1607: 1499: 1443: 1418:Evangelical Anglicans 1298:that is considered a 200:Practices and customs 10876:Nondenominationalism 10749:Role in civilization 10216:Independent Catholic 10158:Relations with Islam 10138:Catholic Reformation 9654:Schmemann, Alexander 9556:Celebrating the Mass 9529:. Clark University. 9414:Jurgens, William A. 9228:. Benziger Brothers. 8614:on 30 November 2012. 8521:on 26 February 2011. 8421:Evangelical Lutheran 8058:. 18 December 2020. 8056:New Apostolic Church 8030:New Apostolic Church 8000:New Apostolic Church 7913:New Apostolic Church 7824:Communion Cups, 1000 7588:McGrath, Alister E. 7447:Christian Cyclopedia 7361:The Gospel Coalition 7299:The Study of Liturgy 7289:The Study of Liturgy 7277:The Study of Liturgy 6617:"The Holy Eucharist" 6008:The historical Jesus 5654:. Liturgical Press. 4552:, volume 120 (1852). 4307:Sacramental theology 4226:Eucharistic practice 4168:Eucharistic theology 4162:Eucharistic theology 3951:, flanked by candles 3660:Practice and customs 3642:Christian Scientists 3628:Christian Scientists 3446:New Apostolic Church 3339:, among others, use 3304:Communion elements: 3259:. Variations of the 3127:(which includes the 3010:Independent Baptists 2691:Eastern Christianity 2371:Articles of Religion 2367:Thirty-Nine Articles 2297:Eucharistic theology 2291:Eucharistic theology 2244:Paschasius Radbertus 2163:, "teaching") is an 883:Independent Catholic 181:Words of Institution 10987:Anglican sacraments 10922:Unlimited atonement 10907:Cultural Christians 10346:Jehovah's Witnesses 9968:Sermon on the Mount 9897:Christian tradition 9824:Lists of Christians 9670:Scotland, N. A. D. 9621:, Ingolstadt, 1577 9494:Löhr, Hermut, ed., 9431:The Book of Concord 9155:Wall Street Journal 8978:on 4 December 2010. 8892:"Gluten-free Hosts" 8501:(Book of Worship). 8426:7 July 2011 at the 8349:Commonweal Magazine 8345:"The Last Shakers?" 8289:on 13 December 2014 7787:on 27 December 2013 7590:Reformation Thought 7384:Augsburg Confession 7078:10.1093/jts/flae049 6920:www.catholicity.com 6896:on 10 December 2010 6218:on 16 November 2021 6187:on 16 November 2021 6089:St. Justin Martyr. 6027:on 29 December 2007 5797:Table and Tradition 5764:Table and Tradition 5358:1987Natur.329..578B 4980:John H. Armstrong, 4955:Thomas R. Schreiner 4586:"transubstantiatis" 4580:"transubstantiatio" 4247:Fraction (religion) 4190:Eucharistic Prayers 4173:Eucharistic miracle 3851:Community of Christ 3632:Although the early 3504:Jehovah's Witnesses 3493:Jehovah's Witnesses 3452:, emphasizing "the 3408:Syriac Christianity 3347:Syriac Christianity 2990:Particular Baptists 2840:Nicolaus Zinzendorf 2772:is invoked and the 2382:Anabaptist Churches 2351:Reformed Christians 2176:Ignatius of Antioch 1984:Coptic Christianity 1956:Syriac Christianity 1946:Other Eastern rites 1866:Liturgy of the Word 1729:1 Corinthians 10:16 1531:Ignatius of Antioch 1402:Reformed Christians 1314:, the night before 1164:Christianity portal 1021:Jehovah's Witnesses 701:History of theology 461:Eucharistic miracle 10767:Crusading movement 10035:Ante-Nicene period 9487:Lefebvre, Gaspar. 9216:Bellarmine, Robert 9193:, 324 – via 9067:on 3 December 2013 8992:. Copticchurch.net 8933:Jax Peter Lowell, 8689:on 25 January 2013 8032:. 18 December 2020 8002:. 18 December 2020 7601:Hendry, George S. 7546:Muller, G. (1860) 7424:F. L. Cross, ed., 6888:Inside the Vatican 6799:on 6 December 2018 6445:Paragraphs 1362–67 6304:on 7 November 2013 6244:. Louisville, KY: 6238:Horton, Michael S. 5886:on 15 October 2013 5846:Harris, Stephen L. 5810:The Gospel of Luke 5782:Metzger, Bruce M. 5684:Lord's Supper, The 5589:Kellerman, James. 5478:"Concluding Rites" 4594:transsubstantiatis 4463:Oriental Orthodoxy 4300:Transubstantiation 4184:Liturgical worship 4133: 4083:Churches of Christ 3953: 3935: 3836:Churches of Christ 3754:Church of the East 3740:Churches practice 3697: 3539:transubstantiation 3432:Irvingian Churches 3337:Churches of Christ 3314:Churches of Christ 3310: 3261:Eucharistic Prayer 3208: 3152: 3125:Reformed tradition 3103:Exclusive Brethren 3071:transubstantiation 3046: 2994:pneumatic presence 2986:Free Will Baptists 2963: 2920:Anglican Communion 2882: 2681: 2632:prefigured in the 2566: 2564:celebrates a Mass. 2545:transubstantiation 2524:transubstantiation 2508: 2488:As a real presence 2453: 2407:Ritual and liturgy 2355:spiritual presence 2323:Transubstantiation 2319:Church of the East 2315:Oriental Orthodoxy 2267:transubstantiation 2128: 2025: 2021:Vicente Juan Masip 1835:Churches of Sweden 1664: 1653: 1464: 1382:transubstantiation 1367:Eucharistic Prayer 903:Church of the East 767:Early Christianity 373:Transubstantiation 235:Reserved sacrament 124:Ritual and liturgy 10964: 10963: 10930: 10929: 10858:Charta Oecumenica 10368: 10367: 10358:Iglesia ni Cristo 10173: 10172: 10153:French Revolution 10143:Thirty Years' War 10015:Apostolic fathers 9983:Great Commandment 9710:The Interior Life 9688:Stoffer, Dale R. 9358:This Holy Mystery 9273:The Lord's Supper 9234:Berington, Joseph 9023:Christian Century 8722:10.1159/000347180 8568:978-0-9972544-4-0 8367:www.newadvent.org 7974:978-1-62564-865-5 7949:978-1-5275-1208-5 7894:978-3-8329-2132-3 7870:978-0-8189-0413-4 7605:SCM (1960) p. 232 7239:978-0-7618-4470-9 6645:Aquinas, Thomas. 6534:Aquinas, Thomas. 6280:978-0-8308-7890-1 6212:bookofconcord.org 6181:bookofconcord.org 5880:VatiKos Theologie 4960:The Lord's Supper 4548:Patrologia Latina 4294:Sacramental union 4220:Canon of the Mass 4146:Church of England 4095:Assemblies of God 3961:Blessed Sacrament 3816:Assemblies of God 3784:instruction. The 3750:Oriental Orthodox 3569:Sacrament meeting 3549:Latter-day Saints 3543:consubstantiation 3467:consubstantiation 3246:covenant of grace 3091:Plymouth Brethren 3062:consubstantiation 3058:sacramental union 3006:Founders movement 3002:Southern Baptists 2894:Church of England 2875:1845 illustrated 2671:Eastern Orthodoxy 2626:Catholic theology 2562:Pope Benedict XVI 2510:According to the 2345:sacramental union 2311:Eastern Orthodoxy 1940:Lutheran churches 1825:" is used in the 1781:Blessed Sacrament 1769:Plymouth Brethren 1740:Breaking of bread 1573:Latter-day Saints 1549:Oriental Orthodox 1454:Leonardo da Vinci 1398:sacramental union 1390:Oriental Orthodox 1285:Blessed Sacrament 1279:), also known as 1257: 1200: 1199: 1053: 1052: 1026:Latter Day Saints 1011:Iglesia ni Cristo 976:United Protestant 961:Plymouth Brethren 896:Oriental Orthodox 504: 503: 368:Transignification 363:Sacramental union 341:Consubstantiation 32:Christian liturgy 16:(Redirected from 11044: 10954: 10953: 10944: 10943: 10787:Environmentalism 10737:Church buildings 10639: 10638: 10454:Eastern Orthodox 10449:Eastern Catholic 10361: 10360: 10328:Eastern Catholic 10306:Eastern Orthodox 10194: 10193: 10115:Age of Discovery 10100:East–West Schism 9998:Great Commission 9929: 9928: 9781: 9774: 9767: 9758: 9757: 9629:; German title: 9625:. (Latin title: 9551: 9545: 9370:Father Gabriel. 9303: 9297: 9286:Church, Catholic 9269:Chemnitz, Martin 9247: 9241: 9229: 9223: 9211: 9198: 9166: 9165: 9163: 9161: 9146: 9140: 9139: 9137: 9135: 9124: 9118: 9117: 9107: 9083: 9077: 9076: 9074: 9072: 9063:. Archived from 9032: 9026: 9008: 9002: 9001: 8999: 8997: 8986: 8980: 8979: 8974:. Archived from 8968: 8962: 8961: 8960:on 16 June 2012. 8956:. Archived from 8946: 8940: 8931: 8925: 8918: 8912: 8911: 8909: 8907: 8898:. Archived from 8887: 8881: 8869: 8863: 8862: 8823: 8817: 8816: 8791: 8767: 8761: 8760: 8705: 8699: 8698: 8696: 8694: 8679: 8673: 8672: 8667:. Archived from 8661: 8652: 8651: 8650:on 21 July 2008. 8646:. Archived from 8640: 8634: 8633: 8632:on 28 June 2011. 8628:. Archived from 8622: 8616: 8615: 8610:. Archived from 8600: 8591: 8590: 8589:on 28 June 2011. 8585:. Archived from 8579: 8573: 8572: 8554: 8548: 8547: 8545: 8543: 8529: 8523: 8522: 8517:. Archived from 8511: 8505: 8499: 8493: 8477: 8471: 8470: 8459: 8453: 8452: 8450: 8448: 8437: 8431: 8418: 8412: 8411: 8409: 8407: 8396: 8390: 8389: 8377: 8371: 8370: 8359: 8353: 8352: 8341: 8335: 8334: 8323: 8317: 8316: 8305: 8299: 8298: 8296: 8294: 8279: 8273: 8272: 8270: 8268: 8254: 8248: 8247: 8245: 8243: 8229: 8223: 8222: 8220: 8218: 8204: 8198: 8197: 8195: 8193: 8183: 8177: 8176: 8174: 8172: 8161: 8155: 8148: 8142: 8141: 8132: 8123: 8116: 8110: 8104: 8098: 8092: 8086: 8082: 8076: 8069: 8063: 8062: 8048: 8042: 8041: 8039: 8037: 8018: 8012: 8011: 8009: 8007: 7988: 7979: 7978: 7960: 7954: 7953: 7935: 7929: 7928: 7926: 7924: 7919:on 29 April 2021 7905: 7899: 7898: 7881: 7875: 7874: 7856: 7850: 7849: 7842: 7836: 7833: 7827: 7821: 7815: 7814: 7803: 7797: 7796: 7794: 7792: 7783:. Archived from 7773: 7767: 7766: 7754: 7748: 7747: 7723: 7717: 7716: 7698: 7692: 7691: 7674: 7668: 7662: 7656: 7655: 7653: 7651: 7637: 7631: 7630: 7622:Ordained Servant 7612: 7606: 7599: 7593: 7586: 7580: 7579: 7574:. Archived from 7568: 7562: 7556: 7550: 7544: 7538: 7532: 7523: 7522: 7520: 7518: 7506: 7500: 7494: 7488: 7475: 7469: 7456: 7450: 7439: 7433: 7422: 7416: 7415: 7393: 7387: 7381: 7375: 7374: 7369: 7367: 7352: 7343: 7342: 7325: 7319: 7309:Matthew 26:26–29 7306: 7300: 7297: 7291: 7286: 7280: 7274: 7268: 7265: 7259: 7258: 7250: 7244: 7243: 7225: 7219: 7218: 7216: 7214: 7203: 7197: 7196: 7174: 7168: 7167: 7149: 7140: 7139: 7118: 7112: 7111: 7109: 7107: 7096: 7090: 7089: 7061: 7055: 7042: 7036: 7035: 7015: 7009: 7008: 7001: 6995: 6994: 6985:(2nd ed.). 6977: 6971: 6970: 6961:(2nd ed.). 6953: 6947: 6946: 6944: 6942: 6930: 6924: 6923: 6916:"Holy Communion" 6912: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6901: 6892:. Archived from 6882: 6876: 6871: 6865: 6855:Matthew 26:26–28 6852: 6846: 6845: 6843: 6841: 6827: 6821: 6815: 6809: 6808: 6806: 6804: 6795:. Archived from 6787: 6781: 6780: 6771:(2nd ed.). 6763: 6757: 6752: 6746: 6737: 6723: 6722: 6717: 6711: 6710: 6708: 6706: 6699:"Denzinger 8020" 6695: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6684: 6675:. Archived from 6669: 6663: 6662: 6660: 6658: 6642: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6621: 6612: 6606: 6605: 6596:(2nd ed.). 6588: 6582: 6579: 6573: 6572: 6570: 6568: 6557: 6551: 6550: 6548: 6546: 6531: 6525: 6524: 6522: 6520: 6506: 6500: 6499: 6497: 6495: 6483: 6477: 6476: 6469: 6463: 6462: 6455: 6449: 6448: 6439:(2nd ed.). 6431: 6425: 6424: 6422: 6420: 6406: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6381: 6375: 6374: 6372: 6370: 6358: 6352: 6351: 6349: 6347: 6340:Lumen gentium 11 6335: 6329: 6320: 6314: 6313: 6311: 6309: 6294: 6288: 6287: 6266: 6260: 6259: 6234: 6228: 6227: 6225: 6223: 6214:. Archived from 6203: 6197: 6196: 6194: 6192: 6183:. Archived from 6172: 6166: 6165:(emphasis added) 6160: 6154: 6153: 6135: 6129: 6126: 6117: 6110: 6104: 6103: 6101: 6099: 6086: 6080: 6075: 6069: 6064: 6058: 6057: 6051: 6046: 6044: 6036: 6034: 6032: 6023:. Archived from 6017: 6011: 6004: 5998: 5988: 5982: 5977: 5971: 5970: 5958: 5946: 5940: 5935: 5929: 5924: 5918: 5913: 5907: 5902: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5891: 5872: 5866: 5855: 5849: 5843: 5837: 5836: 5827:(2nd ed.). 5819: 5813: 5806: 5800: 5793: 5787: 5780: 5774: 5760: 5754: 5749: 5743: 5741:Matthew 26:26–29 5738: 5732: 5727: 5721: 5720: 5712: 5706: 5692: 5686: 5672: 5666: 5665: 5645: 5639: 5638: 5613: 5607: 5606: 5604: 5602: 5586: 5580: 5579: 5561: 5555: 5554: 5542: 5532: 5524: 5518: 5517: 5515: 5513: 5499: 5493: 5492: 5490: 5488: 5474: 5468: 5458: 5452: 5451: 5449: 5447: 5432: 5426: 5425: 5423: 5421: 5410: 5404: 5403: 5394:(2nd ed.). 5386: 5380: 5379: 5369: 5367:10.1038/329578b0 5345: 5339: 5338: 5328: 5318: 5312: 5291: 5285: 5284: 5274: 5268: 5261: 5255: 5250:Roger E. Olson, 5248: 5242: 5235: 5229: 5222: 5216: 5211: 5205: 5204: 5185: 5174: 5173: 5171: 5169: 5154: 5148: 5134: 5128: 5125: 5119: 5108: 5102: 5089: 5078: 5077: 5075: 5073: 5050: 5044: 5031: 5025: 5020: 5014: 4999: 4993: 4984:(Zondervan 2009 4978: 4972: 4952: 4943: 4942: 4923: 4910: 4909: 4907: 4905: 4891: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4880: 4869: 4863: 4849: 4843: 4842: 4820: 4814: 4813: 4791: 4785: 4784: 4766: 4760: 4759: 4737: 4731: 4730: 4728: 4726: 4715: 4709: 4708: 4706: 4704: 4690: 4677: 4676: 4670: 4662: 4641: 4635: 4626: 4609: 4606: 4600: 4598: 4588: 4582: 4575: 4569: 4565:document of the 4559: 4553: 4551: 4542:Pope Gregory VII 4538: 4532: 4525: 4519: 4516: 4510: 4507: 4501: 4499: 4490: 4459: 4393:Host desecration 4345:Marburg Colloquy 4262:Sacramental wine 4232:Closed communion 3900:Eastern Orthodox 3794:Church of Sweden 3746:Eastern Orthodox 3742:closed communion 3738:Eastern Orthodox 3716: 3713: 3706:. The apologist 3675:Closed communion 3367:Qurbana Qaddisha 3177:unleavened bread 3148:communion tokens 2947:1662 prayer book 2935:1552 prayer book 2906:Episcopal Church 2814:Moravian/Hussite 2716: 2715: 2653:Matthew 26:26–28 2607: 2540:Council of Trent 2395:document of the 2359:a range of views 2255: 2238: 2237: 2228: 2225: 2221: 2218: 2208: 2207:Philadephians, 4 2196: 2184: 2181: 2162: 2161: 2118: 2110: 2109: 2058:Paul the Apostle 2038:synoptic Gospels 1981: 1980: 1976:(from the Greek 1968:Alexandrian Rite 1930: 1905: 1904: 1860: 1850: 1766: 1761: 1760: 1755: 1753:klasis tou artou 1749: 1748: 1747:κλάσις τοῦ ἄρτου 1730: 1711: 1705: 1704: 1699: 1691:is derived from 1671:Use of the term 1615: 1604: 1602:Kyriakon deipnon 1598: 1597: 1596:Κυριακὸν δεῖπνον 1545:Eastern Orthodox 1522: 1513: 1506: 1505: 1496: 1495: 1490: 1484: 1483: 1452:painting, after 1386:Eastern Orthodox 1328:synoptic Gospels 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1262: 1256:romanized: 1255: 1253: 1242: 1237: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1229: 1226: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1192: 1185: 1178: 1161: 1006:Christadelphians 936:Free Evangelical 889:Eastern Orthodox 846: 845: 797:East–West Schism 529: 506: 505: 496: 489: 482: 466:Host desecration 445:Related articles 423:Latter-day Saint 250:Infant communion 92: 80: 73: 50: 49: 21: 11052: 11051: 11047: 11046: 11045: 11043: 11042: 11041: 10967: 10966: 10965: 10960: 10938: 10926: 10880: 10835: 10753: 10634: 10628: 10583: 10508:One true church 10364: 10332: 10292: 10181: 10169: 10119: 10076: 10021: 9948:in Christianity 9934: 9920: 9914: 9906: 9865: 9841: 9833: 9790: 9785: 9736: 9731: 9676:Latimer Studies 9561:Neal, Gregory. 9372:Divine Intimacy 9356:Felton, Gayle. 9342:Elert, Werner. 9250:Bouyer, Louis. 9181:Aquinas, Thomas 9175: 9173:Further reading 9170: 9169: 9159: 9157: 9147: 9143: 9133: 9131: 9126: 9125: 9121: 9098:(11): e945–48. 9084: 9080: 9070: 9068: 9033: 9029: 9019:Wayback Machine 9012:I Smell the Cup 9009: 9005: 8995: 8993: 8988: 8987: 8983: 8970: 8969: 8965: 8948: 8947: 8943: 8932: 8928: 8919: 8915: 8905: 8903: 8888: 8884: 8879:Wayback Machine 8870: 8866: 8824: 8820: 8768: 8764: 8706: 8702: 8692: 8690: 8681: 8680: 8676: 8663: 8662: 8655: 8642: 8641: 8637: 8624: 8623: 8619: 8602: 8601: 8594: 8581: 8580: 8576: 8569: 8555: 8551: 8541: 8539: 8531: 8530: 8526: 8513: 8512: 8508: 8500: 8496: 8487:Wayback Machine 8478: 8474: 8461: 8460: 8456: 8446: 8444: 8439: 8438: 8434: 8428:Wayback Machine 8419: 8415: 8405: 8403: 8398: 8397: 8393: 8378: 8374: 8361: 8360: 8356: 8343: 8342: 8338: 8325: 8324: 8320: 8307: 8306: 8302: 8292: 8290: 8281: 8280: 8276: 8266: 8264: 8256: 8255: 8251: 8241: 8239: 8231: 8230: 8226: 8216: 8214: 8206: 8205: 8201: 8191: 8189: 8185: 8184: 8180: 8170: 8168: 8163: 8162: 8158: 8149: 8145: 8134: 8133: 8126: 8117: 8113: 8105: 8101: 8093: 8089: 8083: 8079: 8070: 8066: 8050: 8049: 8045: 8035: 8033: 8020: 8019: 8015: 8005: 8003: 7990: 7989: 7982: 7975: 7961: 7957: 7950: 7936: 7932: 7922: 7920: 7907: 7906: 7902: 7895: 7883: 7882: 7878: 7871: 7857: 7853: 7844: 7843: 7839: 7834: 7830: 7822: 7818: 7805: 7804: 7800: 7790: 7788: 7775: 7774: 7770: 7755: 7751: 7730:. p. 224. 7724: 7720: 7713: 7699: 7695: 7688: 7676: 7675: 7671: 7663: 7659: 7649: 7647: 7639: 7638: 7634: 7613: 7609: 7600: 7596: 7587: 7583: 7578:on 18 May 2016. 7570: 7569: 7565: 7558:Bradshaw, P.F. 7557: 7553: 7545: 7541: 7533: 7526: 7516: 7514: 7507: 7503: 7495: 7491: 7485:Wayback Machine 7476: 7472: 7466:Wayback Machine 7457: 7453: 7441:J. T. Mueller, 7440: 7436: 7423: 7419: 7408: 7394: 7390: 7382: 7378: 7365: 7363: 7353: 7346: 7326: 7322: 7307: 7303: 7298: 7294: 7287: 7283: 7275: 7271: 7266: 7262: 7251: 7247: 7240: 7226: 7222: 7212: 7210: 7205: 7204: 7200: 7189: 7175: 7171: 7164: 7150: 7143: 7133: 7119: 7115: 7105: 7103: 7098: 7097: 7093: 7062: 7058: 7052:Wayback Machine 7043: 7039: 7032: 7016: 7012: 7003: 7002: 6998: 6979: 6978: 6974: 6955: 6954: 6950: 6940: 6938: 6932: 6931: 6927: 6914: 6913: 6909: 6899: 6897: 6884: 6883: 6879: 6872: 6868: 6853: 6849: 6839: 6837: 6829: 6828: 6824: 6820:; cf. canon II) 6816: 6812: 6802: 6800: 6789: 6788: 6784: 6765: 6764: 6760: 6753: 6749: 6720: 6718: 6714: 6704: 6702: 6697: 6696: 6692: 6682: 6680: 6671: 6670: 6666: 6656: 6654: 6643: 6639: 6629: 6627: 6619: 6613: 6609: 6590: 6589: 6585: 6580: 6576: 6566: 6564: 6559: 6558: 6554: 6544: 6542: 6532: 6528: 6518: 6516: 6508: 6507: 6503: 6493: 6491: 6485: 6484: 6480: 6471: 6470: 6466: 6457: 6456: 6452: 6433: 6432: 6428: 6418: 6416: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6393: 6391: 6383: 6382: 6378: 6368: 6366: 6360: 6359: 6355: 6345: 6343: 6337: 6336: 6332: 6321: 6317: 6307: 6305: 6296: 6295: 6291: 6281: 6267: 6263: 6256: 6248:. p. 126. 6235: 6231: 6221: 6219: 6204: 6200: 6190: 6188: 6173: 6169: 6161: 6157: 6150: 6136: 6132: 6127: 6120: 6111: 6107: 6097: 6095: 6087: 6083: 6076: 6072: 6065: 6061: 6049: 6047: 6038: 6037: 6030: 6028: 6019: 6018: 6014: 6005: 6001: 5989: 5985: 5978: 5974: 5967: 5947: 5943: 5936: 5932: 5925: 5921: 5914: 5910: 5903: 5899: 5889: 5887: 5874: 5873: 5869: 5856: 5852: 5844: 5840: 5821: 5820: 5816: 5807: 5803: 5794: 5790: 5781: 5777: 5761: 5757: 5750: 5746: 5739: 5735: 5728: 5724: 5713: 5709: 5693: 5689: 5673: 5669: 5662: 5646: 5642: 5636: 5614: 5610: 5600: 5598: 5597:on 19 June 2017 5587: 5583: 5576: 5562: 5558: 5551: 5525: 5521: 5511: 5509: 5501: 5500: 5496: 5486: 5484: 5476: 5475: 5471: 5459: 5455: 5445: 5443: 5433: 5429: 5419: 5417: 5412: 5411: 5407: 5388: 5387: 5383: 5346: 5342: 5319: 5315: 5292: 5288: 5275: 5271: 5262: 5258: 5249: 5245: 5236: 5232: 5223: 5219: 5212: 5208: 5186: 5177: 5167: 5165: 5156: 5155: 5151: 5135: 5131: 5126: 5122: 5109: 5105: 5090: 5081: 5071: 5069: 5067: 5051: 5047: 5032: 5028: 5021: 5017: 5000: 4996: 4979: 4975: 4953: 4946: 4940: 4924: 4913: 4903: 4901: 4893: 4892: 4888: 4878: 4876: 4871: 4870: 4866: 4850: 4846: 4839: 4821: 4817: 4806: 4792: 4788: 4781: 4767: 4763: 4752: 4738: 4734: 4724: 4722: 4721:. 27 March 2020 4717: 4716: 4712: 4702: 4700: 4692: 4691: 4680: 4664: 4663: 4659: 4642: 4638: 4627: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4612: 4607: 4603: 4576: 4572: 4560: 4556: 4539: 4535: 4526: 4522: 4517: 4513: 4508: 4504: 4460: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4423: 4401: 4377:(1530 and 1540) 4351:Sacramentarians 4339:The Last Supper 4331: 4309: 4275: 4242:First Communion 4228: 4186: 4164: 4158: 4125: 4119: 4039: 4033: 4001: 3995: 3990: 3941: 3927: 3919: 3911:All-Night Vigil 3902: 3882: 3877: 3871: 3714: 3693:Catholic Church 3681: 3669:Main articles: 3667: 3662: 3650: 3638:Mary Baker Eddy 3630: 3618: 3602: 3597: 3557: 3551: 3523:Christ the King 3512:Jewish calendar 3501: 3495: 3475: 3428: 3423: 3393: 3387: 3360: 3354: 3349: 3298: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3227: 3200: 3121: 3115: 3083: 3038: 3032: 3026: 3004:, those in the 2977:is often used. 2955: 2929:The so-called " 2867: 2861: 2853:Maundy Thursday 2820:Moravian Church 2816: 2788: 2783: 2727:Basil the Great 2725:, the other to 2723:John Chrysostom 2687: 2673: 2624:. According to 2584: 2512:Catholic Church 2496: 2490: 2471: 2465: 2449:Tridentine Mass 2441: 2435: 2433:Catholic Church 2409: 2299: 2293: 2275: 2226: 2219: 2209: 2206: 2197: 2195:Smyrnaeans, 7–8 2194: 2183: 35 or 50 2182: 2149: 2102: 2074: 2030: 2023:, 16th century. 2010: 2004: 1982:) is common in 1948: 1926: 1903:Θεία Λειτουργία 1890: 1851:, a dismissal: 1827:Catholic Church 1819: 1811:Main articles: 1809: 1785:Anglo-Catholics 1777: 1742: 1737: 1731: 1728: 1685:First Communion 1669: 1616: 1613: 1587: 1514: 1511: 1469: 1438: 1422:Anglo-Catholics 1374:Catholic Church 1363:communion table 1316:his crucifixion 1276: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1240: 1211: 1207: 1196: 1133: 1132: 1103:Other religions 1063: 1055: 1054: 843: 842: 822: 821: 742: 741: 721: 720: 654: 644: 643: 604: 603: 585: 584: 550: 549: 500: 471: 470: 446: 438: 437: 408: 400: 399: 385:Sacramentarians 331: 321: 320: 306: 298: 297: 284: 245:First Communion 201: 193: 192: 125: 117: 116: 115: 100: 83: 76: 69: 65: 46: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11050: 11040: 11039: 11034: 11029: 11024: 11019: 11014: 11009: 11004: 10999: 10994: 10989: 10984: 10979: 10962: 10961: 10959: 10958: 10948: 10935: 10932: 10931: 10928: 10927: 10925: 10924: 10919: 10914: 10909: 10904: 10899: 10894: 10888: 10886: 10882: 10881: 10879: 10878: 10873: 10872: 10871: 10866: 10861: 10849: 10843: 10841: 10837: 10836: 10834: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10813: 10804: 10799: 10797:Fundamentalism 10794: 10792:Existentialism 10789: 10784: 10779: 10774: 10769: 10763: 10761: 10755: 10754: 10752: 10751: 10746: 10745: 10744: 10734: 10729: 10724: 10719: 10714: 10709: 10704: 10703: 10702: 10692: 10691: 10690: 10685: 10683:God the Father 10680: 10675: 10670: 10660: 10659: 10658: 10647: 10645: 10636: 10630: 10629: 10627: 10626: 10621: 10616: 10615: 10614: 10604: 10599: 10593: 10591: 10585: 10584: 10582: 10581: 10580: 10579: 10569: 10564: 10563: 10562: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10537: 10532: 10522: 10521: 10520: 10515: 10510: 10505: 10503:Body of Christ 10500: 10490: 10485: 10480: 10479: 10478: 10468: 10463: 10462: 10461: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10436: 10431: 10426: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10405: 10404: 10399: 10394: 10389: 10378: 10376: 10370: 10369: 10366: 10365: 10363: 10362: 10353: 10348: 10342: 10340: 10338:Restorationist 10334: 10333: 10331: 10330: 10325: 10320: 10315: 10314: 10313: 10302: 10300: 10294: 10293: 10291: 10290: 10285: 10284: 10283: 10278: 10273: 10268: 10263: 10258: 10253: 10248: 10243: 10238: 10233: 10228: 10218: 10213: 10208: 10202: 10200: 10191: 10175: 10174: 10171: 10170: 10168: 10167: 10166: 10165: 10155: 10150: 10145: 10140: 10135: 10129: 10127: 10121: 10120: 10118: 10117: 10112: 10107: 10102: 10097: 10092: 10086: 10084: 10078: 10077: 10075: 10074: 10069: 10064: 10063: 10062: 10057: 10047: 10042: 10040:Late antiquity 10037: 10031: 10029: 10023: 10022: 10020: 10019: 10018: 10017: 10010:Church fathers 10007: 10002: 10001: 10000: 9995: 9990: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9960: 9955: 9950: 9939: 9937: 9926: 9908: 9907: 9905: 9904: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9879: 9873: 9871: 9867: 9866: 9864: 9863: 9858: 9853: 9847: 9845: 9835: 9834: 9832: 9831: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9806: 9801: 9795: 9792: 9791: 9784: 9783: 9776: 9769: 9761: 9755: 9754: 9749: 9743: 9735: 9734:External links 9732: 9730: 9729: 9724:Yarnold, G.D. 9722: 9713: 9706: 9694:Stookey, L.H. 9692: 9686: 9668: 9651: 9637:Sasse, Hermann 9634: 9615: 9608: 9594:Oden, Thomas C 9591: 9573: 9559: 9552: 9534: 9521: 9506: 9504:978-3825234997 9492: 9485: 9483:978-3402249482 9471: 9469:978-3402247518 9457: 9455:978-3402133583 9443: 9426: 9412: 9405: 9388: 9382: 9380:978-1905574438 9368: 9354: 9340: 9321: 9304: 9289: 9283: 9266: 9248: 9246:. Jos. Booker. 9230: 9212: 9176: 9174: 9171: 9168: 9167: 9141: 9119: 9078: 9027: 9003: 8981: 8963: 8954:www.vatican.va 8941: 8926: 8913: 8882: 8864: 8818: 8762: 8700: 8674: 8671:on 9 May 2013. 8653: 8635: 8617: 8608:www.vatican.va 8592: 8574: 8567: 8549: 8524: 8506: 8494: 8472: 8469:. 14 May 2015. 8454: 8432: 8413: 8391: 8372: 8354: 8336: 8318: 8300: 8274: 8249: 8224: 8199: 8178: 8156: 8152:The Watchtower 8143: 8124: 8120:The Watchtower 8111: 8099: 8087: 8077: 8064: 8043: 8013: 7980: 7973: 7955: 7948: 7930: 7900: 7893: 7876: 7869: 7851: 7837: 7828: 7816: 7798: 7768: 7749: 7718: 7712:978-1426756610 7711: 7693: 7687:978-1858521824 7686: 7669: 7657: 7632: 7607: 7594: 7581: 7563: 7551: 7539: 7524: 7509:Gibson, Jean. 7501: 7489: 7470: 7451: 7434: 7417: 7407:978-0802866943 7406: 7388: 7376: 7344: 7320: 7301: 7292: 7281: 7269: 7260: 7245: 7238: 7220: 7198: 7188:978-1580462600 7187: 7169: 7163:978-1574555578 7162: 7141: 7131: 7113: 7091: 7056: 7037: 7031:978-0521313100 7030: 7010: 6996: 6991:Paragraph 1457 6972: 6967:Paragraph 1385 6948: 6925: 6907: 6877: 6866: 6847: 6835:www.vatican.va 6822: 6810: 6782: 6777:Paragraph 1376 6758: 6747: 6712: 6690: 6679:on 31 May 2020 6664: 6653:. Kevin Knight 6637: 6607: 6602:Paragraph 1377 6583: 6574: 6552: 6526: 6501: 6478: 6464: 6450: 6426: 6414:www.vatican.va 6401: 6376: 6353: 6330: 6315: 6289: 6279: 6261: 6255:978-0664230715 6254: 6229: 6198: 6167: 6155: 6148: 6130: 6118: 6105: 6081: 6070: 6059: 6012: 5999: 5983: 5972: 5966:978-0802880451 5965: 5941: 5930: 5919: 5908: 5897: 5867: 5850: 5838: 5833:Paragraph 2837 5814: 5801: 5788: 5775: 5755: 5744: 5733: 5722: 5707: 5700:978-0192802903 5687: 5667: 5661:978-0814662663 5660: 5640: 5635:978-0470670606 5634: 5608: 5581: 5575:978-1351921169 5574: 5556: 5550:978-1574551105 5549: 5519: 5494: 5469: 5453: 5427: 5405: 5400:Paragraph 1330 5381: 5340: 5313: 5286: 5269: 5256: 5243: 5241:, OUP US, 2012 5230: 5217: 5206: 5175: 5149: 5139:by Laurie Guy 5129: 5120: 5116:978-0415201001 5103: 5079: 5066:978-0814658314 5065: 5045: 5026: 5015: 5011:978-0664224165 4994: 4990:978-0310542759 4973: 4969:978-0805447576 4944: 4939:978-0814661529 4938: 4911: 4886: 4875:. Biblehub.com 4864: 4860:978-0892367276 4844: 4837: 4815: 4805:978-0719055379 4804: 4786: 4780:978-1579101046 4779: 4761: 4751:978-0802866943 4750: 4732: 4710: 4698:Britannica.com 4678: 4657: 4636: 4620: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4611: 4610: 4601: 4595: 4570: 4554: 4533: 4520: 4511: 4502: 4453: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4422: 4419: 4418: 4417: 4412: 4407: 4400: 4397: 4396: 4395: 4390: 4384: 4378: 4372: 4366: 4358: 4348: 4342: 4330: 4327: 4326: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4308: 4305: 4304: 4303: 4297: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4274: 4271: 4270: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4257:Open communion 4254: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4227: 4224: 4223: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4210:Divine Liturgy 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4185: 4182: 4181: 4180: 4175: 4170: 4163: 4160: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4118: 4115: 4069:churches, the 4032: 4029: 4009:celiac disease 3997:Main article: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3926: 3923: 3918: 3915: 3901: 3898: 3881: 3878: 3873:Main article: 3870: 3867: 3844:open communion 3727:Byzantine Rite 3704:full communion 3679:Full communion 3671:Open communion 3666: 3663: 3661: 3658: 3649: 3646: 3629: 3626: 3617: 3614: 3606:Salvation Army 3601: 3600:Salvation Army 3598: 3596: 3593: 3588:Book of Mormon 3553:Main article: 3550: 3547: 3497:Main article: 3494: 3491: 3487:Open communion 3474: 3471: 3427: 3424: 3422: 3421:Restorationism 3419: 3400:Qurobo Qadisho 3389:Main article: 3386: 3383: 3356:Main article: 3353: 3350: 3348: 3345: 3326:Calvary Chapel 3297: 3294: 3277:communion cups 3272:circuit riders 3224: 3220:Charles Wesley 3199: 3196: 3117:Main article: 3114: 3111: 3082: 3079: 3028:Main article: 3025: 3022: 2954: 2951: 2863:Main article: 2860: 2857: 2828:Holy Communion 2815: 2812: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2755:Byzantine Rite 2737:, the eves of 2701:and, often, a 2695:Byzantine Rite 2685:Divine Liturgy 2683:Main article: 2672: 2669: 2661:Luke 22: 19–20 2641:Exodus 12:3–13 2583: 2580: 2528:Thomas Aquinas 2492:Main article: 2489: 2486: 2467:Main article: 2464: 2463:As a sacrifice 2461: 2437:Main article: 2434: 2431: 2408: 2405: 2380:, such as the 2332: 2328: 2295:Main article: 2292: 2289: 2274: 2271: 2204: 2192: 2148: 2145: 2101: 2098: 2073: 2070: 2062:Gospel of John 2029: 2028:Biblical basis 2026: 2003: 2000: 1947: 1944: 1923:Divine Service 1908:Byzantine Rite 1894:Divine Liturgy 1889: 1886: 1813:Mass (liturgy) 1808: 1805: 1776: 1773: 1741: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1726: 1677:Holy Communion 1668: 1665: 1661:Józef Mehoffer 1611: 1586: 1583: 1509: 1468: 1465: 1450:Juan de Juanes 1437: 1434: 1330:this was at a 1281:Holy Communion 1198: 1197: 1195: 1194: 1187: 1180: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1167: 1166: 1154: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1064: 1062:Related topics 1061: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1023: 1018: 1013: 1008: 1000: 999: 997:Restorationist 993: 992: 991: 990: 989: 988: 983: 978: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 938: 933: 928: 923: 918: 906: 899: 892: 885: 880: 875: 874: 873: 868: 853: 852: 844: 841: 840: 835: 829: 828: 827: 824: 823: 820: 819: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 772:Church Fathers 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 743: 740: 739: 734: 728: 727: 726: 723: 722: 719: 718: 713: 708: 703: 698: 693: 688: 683: 682: 681: 676: 671: 661: 655: 650: 649: 646: 645: 642: 641: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 605: 602: 601: 598: 592: 591: 590: 587: 586: 583: 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 557: 551: 548: 547: 542: 536: 535: 534: 531: 530: 522: 521: 515: 514: 502: 501: 499: 498: 491: 484: 476: 473: 472: 469: 468: 463: 458: 453: 447: 444: 443: 440: 439: 436: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 409: 406: 405: 402: 401: 398: 397: 392: 387: 382: 377: 376: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 348: 343: 332: 327: 326: 323: 322: 319: 318: 313: 307: 304: 303: 300: 299: 296: 295: 290: 283: 282: 281: 280: 275: 270: 261: 260: 259: 252: 247: 242: 237: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 202: 199: 198: 195: 194: 191: 190: 189: 188: 183: 178: 164: 163: 162: 157: 147: 145:Divine Service 142: 137: 132: 130:Divine Liturgy 126: 123: 122: 119: 118: 114: 113: 108: 102: 101: 98: 97: 94: 93: 85: 84: 82: 81: 74: 66: 59: 58: 26: 18:Holy Communion 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11049: 11038: 11035: 11033: 11032:Order of Mass 11030: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11020: 11018: 11015: 11013: 11010: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10990: 10988: 10985: 10983: 10980: 10978: 10975: 10974: 10972: 10957: 10949: 10947: 10942: 10937: 10936: 10933: 10923: 10920: 10918: 10915: 10913: 10910: 10908: 10905: 10903: 10900: 10898: 10895: 10893: 10890: 10889: 10887: 10883: 10877: 10874: 10870: 10867: 10865: 10862: 10860: 10859: 10855: 10854: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10845: 10844: 10842: 10838: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10808: 10805: 10803: 10800: 10798: 10795: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10764: 10762: 10760: 10756: 10750: 10747: 10743: 10740: 10739: 10738: 10735: 10733: 10732:Popular piety 10730: 10728: 10725: 10723: 10720: 10718: 10715: 10713: 10710: 10708: 10705: 10701: 10698: 10697: 10696: 10693: 10689: 10686: 10684: 10681: 10679: 10676: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10665: 10664: 10661: 10657: 10654: 10653: 10652: 10649: 10648: 10646: 10644: 10640: 10637: 10631: 10625: 10622: 10620: 10617: 10613: 10610: 10609: 10608: 10605: 10603: 10600: 10598: 10595: 10594: 10592: 10590: 10586: 10578: 10575: 10574: 10573: 10570: 10568: 10565: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10533: 10531: 10528: 10527: 10526: 10523: 10519: 10516: 10514: 10513:People of God 10511: 10509: 10506: 10504: 10501: 10499: 10496: 10495: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10477: 10474: 10473: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10452: 10450: 10447: 10445: 10442: 10441: 10440: 10437: 10435: 10432: 10430: 10427: 10425: 10422: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10403: 10400: 10398: 10395: 10393: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10384: 10383: 10380: 10379: 10377: 10375: 10371: 10359: 10354: 10352: 10349: 10347: 10344: 10343: 10341: 10339: 10335: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10312: 10309: 10308: 10307: 10304: 10303: 10301: 10299: 10295: 10289: 10286: 10282: 10279: 10277: 10274: 10272: 10269: 10267: 10264: 10262: 10259: 10257: 10254: 10252: 10249: 10247: 10244: 10242: 10239: 10237: 10234: 10232: 10229: 10227: 10224: 10223: 10222: 10219: 10217: 10214: 10212: 10209: 10207: 10204: 10203: 10201: 10199: 10195: 10192: 10189: 10185: 10180: 10179:Denominations 10176: 10164: 10161: 10160: 10159: 10156: 10154: 10151: 10149: 10148:Enlightenment 10146: 10144: 10141: 10139: 10136: 10134: 10131: 10130: 10128: 10126: 10122: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10101: 10098: 10096: 10093: 10091: 10088: 10087: 10085: 10083: 10079: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10052: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10032: 10030: 10028: 10024: 10016: 10013: 10012: 10011: 10008: 10006: 10003: 9999: 9996: 9994: 9991: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9945: 9944: 9941: 9940: 9938: 9936: 9930: 9927: 9924: 9918: 9913: 9909: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9878: 9875: 9874: 9872: 9868: 9862: 9861:New Testament 9859: 9857: 9856:Old Testament 9854: 9852: 9849: 9848: 9846: 9844: 9840: 9836: 9830: 9827: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9797: 9796: 9793: 9789: 9782: 9777: 9775: 9770: 9768: 9763: 9762: 9759: 9753: 9750: 9747: 9744: 9741: 9738: 9737: 9727: 9723: 9721: 9717: 9714: 9711: 9707: 9705: 9701: 9697: 9693: 9691: 9687: 9685: 9681: 9677: 9674:, in series, 9673: 9669: 9667: 9663: 9659: 9658:The Eucharist 9655: 9652: 9650: 9646: 9642: 9638: 9635: 9632: 9628: 9624: 9620: 9616: 9613: 9609: 9607: 9603: 9599: 9595: 9592: 9589: 9585: 9581: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9568: 9564: 9560: 9557: 9553: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9535: 9532: 9528: 9527: 9522: 9519: 9515: 9511: 9507: 9505: 9501: 9497: 9493: 9490: 9486: 9484: 9480: 9476: 9472: 9470: 9466: 9462: 9458: 9456: 9452: 9448: 9444: 9442: 9438: 9434: 9432: 9427: 9425: 9421: 9417: 9413: 9410: 9406: 9404: 9400: 9396: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384:Grime, J. H. 9383: 9381: 9377: 9373: 9369: 9367: 9363: 9359: 9355: 9353: 9349: 9345: 9341: 9339: 9335: 9331: 9330: 9325: 9322: 9320: 9316: 9312: 9308: 9305: 9301: 9296: 9290: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9278: 9274: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9261: 9257: 9253: 9249: 9245: 9240: 9235: 9231: 9227: 9222: 9217: 9213: 9209: 9208: 9203: 9196: 9192: 9188: 9187: 9182: 9178: 9177: 9156: 9152: 9145: 9129: 9123: 9115: 9111: 9106: 9101: 9097: 9093: 9089: 9082: 9066: 9062: 9058: 9054: 9050: 9047:(5): 538–39. 9046: 9042: 9038: 9031: 9024: 9020: 9016: 9013: 9007: 8991: 8985: 8977: 8973: 8967: 8959: 8955: 8951: 8945: 8938: 8937: 8930: 8923: 8917: 8902:on 4 May 2008 8901: 8897: 8893: 8886: 8880: 8876: 8873: 8868: 8861: 8859: 8855: 8849: 8845: 8841: 8837: 8834:(3): 477–91. 8833: 8829: 8822: 8815: 8813: 8812:wheat allergy 8807: 8803: 8799: 8795: 8790: 8785: 8782:(5): 559–75. 8781: 8777: 8773: 8766: 8759: 8757: 8753: 8752:gluten ataxia 8749: 8745: 8739: 8735: 8731: 8727: 8723: 8719: 8715: 8711: 8704: 8688: 8684: 8678: 8670: 8666: 8660: 8658: 8649: 8645: 8639: 8631: 8627: 8621: 8613: 8609: 8605: 8599: 8597: 8588: 8584: 8578: 8570: 8564: 8560: 8553: 8538: 8534: 8528: 8520: 8516: 8510: 8504: 8498: 8491: 8488: 8484: 8481: 8476: 8468: 8464: 8458: 8442: 8436: 8429: 8425: 8422: 8417: 8401: 8395: 8387: 8383: 8376: 8368: 8364: 8358: 8350: 8346: 8340: 8332: 8328: 8322: 8314: 8310: 8304: 8288: 8284: 8278: 8263: 8259: 8253: 8238: 8234: 8228: 8213: 8209: 8203: 8188: 8182: 8166: 8160: 8153: 8147: 8139: 8138: 8131: 8129: 8121: 8115: 8108: 8103: 8096: 8091: 8081: 8074: 8068: 8061: 8057: 8053: 8047: 8031: 8027: 8023: 8017: 8001: 7997: 7993: 7987: 7985: 7976: 7970: 7966: 7959: 7951: 7945: 7941: 7934: 7918: 7914: 7910: 7904: 7896: 7890: 7886: 7880: 7872: 7866: 7862: 7855: 7847: 7841: 7835:UMC 1992, 29. 7832: 7825: 7820: 7812: 7808: 7802: 7786: 7782: 7778: 7772: 7765: 7760: 7753: 7746: 7744: 7743:Lord's Supper 7740: 7736: 7729: 7722: 7714: 7708: 7704: 7697: 7689: 7683: 7679: 7673: 7666: 7661: 7646: 7642: 7636: 7628: 7624: 7623: 7618: 7611: 7604: 7598: 7591: 7585: 7577: 7573: 7567: 7561: 7555: 7549: 7543: 7537: 7531: 7529: 7512: 7505: 7498: 7493: 7486: 7482: 7479: 7474: 7467: 7463: 7460: 7455: 7448: 7444: 7438: 7431: 7427: 7421: 7414: 7409: 7403: 7399: 7392: 7385: 7380: 7373: 7362: 7358: 7351: 7349: 7340: 7336: 7332: 7324: 7318: 7314: 7313:Mark 14:22–25 7310: 7305: 7296: 7290: 7285: 7278: 7273: 7264: 7256: 7249: 7241: 7235: 7231: 7224: 7208: 7202: 7195: 7190: 7184: 7180: 7173: 7165: 7159: 7155: 7148: 7146: 7138: 7134: 7132:9780271047508 7128: 7124: 7117: 7101: 7095: 7087: 7083: 7079: 7075: 7071: 7067: 7060: 7053: 7049: 7046: 7041: 7033: 7027: 7023: 7022: 7014: 7006: 7000: 6992: 6988: 6984: 6983: 6976: 6968: 6964: 6960: 6959: 6952: 6937: 6936: 6929: 6921: 6917: 6911: 6895: 6891: 6889: 6881: 6875: 6870: 6864: 6863:Luke 22:19–20 6860: 6859:Mark 14:22–24 6856: 6851: 6836: 6832: 6826: 6819: 6814: 6798: 6794: 6793: 6786: 6778: 6774: 6770: 6769: 6762: 6756: 6751: 6744: 6743: 6735: 6734: 6729: 6716: 6700: 6694: 6678: 6674: 6668: 6652: 6648: 6641: 6625: 6618: 6611: 6603: 6599: 6595: 6594: 6587: 6578: 6562: 6556: 6541: 6537: 6530: 6515: 6511: 6505: 6490: 6489: 6482: 6474: 6468: 6460: 6454: 6446: 6442: 6438: 6437: 6430: 6415: 6411: 6405: 6390: 6386: 6380: 6365: 6364: 6357: 6342: 6341: 6334: 6328: 6326: 6319: 6303: 6299: 6293: 6286: 6282: 6276: 6272: 6265: 6257: 6251: 6247: 6243: 6239: 6233: 6217: 6213: 6209: 6202: 6186: 6182: 6178: 6171: 6164: 6159: 6151: 6149:9780393347913 6145: 6141: 6134: 6125: 6123: 6115: 6114:First Apology 6109: 6094: 6093: 6085: 6079: 6074: 6068: 6063: 6055: 6042: 6026: 6022: 6016: 6009: 6003: 5996: 5992: 5991:Bruce Metzger 5987: 5981: 5976: 5968: 5962: 5957: 5956: 5953: 5945: 5939: 5934: 5928: 5923: 5917: 5912: 5906: 5901: 5885: 5881: 5877: 5871: 5864: 5860: 5854: 5847: 5842: 5834: 5830: 5826: 5825: 5818: 5811: 5805: 5798: 5792: 5785: 5779: 5773: 5772:9780664245160 5769: 5765: 5759: 5753: 5752:Luke 22:13–20 5748: 5742: 5737: 5731: 5730:Mark 14:22–25 5726: 5718: 5711: 5705: 5701: 5697: 5691: 5685: 5681: 5677: 5671: 5663: 5657: 5653: 5652: 5644: 5637: 5631: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5612: 5596: 5592: 5585: 5577: 5571: 5567: 5560: 5552: 5546: 5541: 5540: 5530: 5523: 5508: 5504: 5498: 5483: 5482:www.usccb.org 5479: 5473: 5466: 5462: 5457: 5442: 5438: 5431: 5415: 5409: 5401: 5397: 5393: 5392: 5385: 5377: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5359: 5355: 5351: 5344: 5336: 5332: 5327: 5326: 5317: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5299: 5295: 5290: 5282: 5281: 5273: 5266: 5260: 5253: 5247: 5240: 5234: 5227: 5221: 5215: 5210: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5193: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5163: 5161: 5160:First Apology 5153: 5146: 5142: 5138: 5133: 5124: 5117: 5113: 5107: 5101: 5097: 5093: 5088: 5086: 5084: 5068: 5062: 5058: 5057: 5056:'Didache' 9:1 5049: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5030: 5024: 5019: 5012: 5008: 5004: 4998: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4977: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4949: 4941: 4935: 4931: 4930: 4922: 4920: 4918: 4916: 4900: 4896: 4890: 4874: 4868: 4861: 4857: 4853: 4848: 4840: 4838:9780664256500 4834: 4830: 4826: 4819: 4812: 4807: 4801: 4797: 4790: 4782: 4776: 4772: 4765: 4758: 4753: 4747: 4743: 4736: 4720: 4714: 4699: 4695: 4689: 4687: 4685: 4683: 4674: 4668: 4660: 4658:9780664261290 4654: 4650: 4646: 4645:Wright, N. T. 4640: 4634: 4630: 4629:Luke 22:19–20 4625: 4621: 4605: 4597: 4593: 4587: 4581: 4574: 4568: 4564: 4558: 4550: 4549: 4543: 4537: 4530: 4524: 4515: 4506: 4498: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4472: 4468: 4464: 4458: 4454: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4424: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4402: 4394: 4391: 4388: 4385: 4382: 4379: 4376: 4375:Ubiquitarians 4373: 4370: 4367: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4356: 4352: 4349: 4346: 4343: 4340: 4336: 4333: 4332: 4324: 4321: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4310: 4302:(Catholicism) 4301: 4298: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4276: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4229: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4205:Armenian Rite 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4187: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4165: 4153: 4149: 4147: 4141: 4139: 4129: 4124: 4114: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4063: 4058: 4056: 4055:Coptic Church 4052: 4047: 4045: 4038: 4028: 4026: 4022: 4021:wheat allergy 4018: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4000: 3988:Health issues 3985: 3983: 3979: 3975: 3971: 3967: 3962: 3958: 3950: 3945: 3940: 3931: 3922: 3914: 3912: 3908: 3897: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3876: 3866: 3864: 3859: 3854: 3852: 3847: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3824:Presbyterians 3821: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3805: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3766: 3764: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3730: 3728: 3725:" and in the 3724: 3720: 3709: 3708:Justin Martyr 3705: 3701: 3694: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3657: 3655: 3645: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3625: 3623: 3613: 3611: 3607: 3592: 3589: 3584: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3556: 3546: 3544: 3540: 3534: 3532: 3528: 3527:God's Kingdom 3524: 3520: 3515: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3500: 3490: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3470: 3468: 3462: 3457: 3455: 3451: 3448:, taught the 3447: 3443: 3442:Edward Irving 3439: 3437: 3433: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3392: 3382: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3359: 3344: 3342: 3338: 3333: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3322:Church of God 3319: 3315: 3307: 3302: 3293: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3273: 3269: 3265: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3249: 3247: 3243: 3237: 3223: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3204: 3195: 3193: 3189: 3184: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3165:raising agent 3161: 3156: 3149: 3144: 3140: 3138: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3120: 3110: 3108: 3107:Open Brethren 3104: 3099: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3078: 3074: 3072: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3050: 3042: 3037: 3031: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2978: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2959: 2950: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2927: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2916: 2911: 2907: 2904:In 1789, the 2902: 2898: 2895: 2890: 2887: 2879: 2878: 2871: 2866: 2856: 2854: 2850: 2845: 2841: 2836: 2831: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2811: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2781:Protestantism 2778: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2762: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2751:Holy Saturday 2748: 2747:Holy Thursday 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2710: 2709: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2686: 2677: 2668: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2657:Mark 14:22–24 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2635: 2634:Old Testament 2631: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2606: 2600: 2598: 2593: 2589: 2579: 2577: 2572: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2553: 2548: 2546: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2505: 2500: 2495: 2485: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2470: 2460: 2458: 2450: 2445: 2440: 2430: 2428: 2424: 2423: 2418: 2414: 2404: 2402: 2401:real presence 2398: 2394: 2389: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2374: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2363:churchmanship 2361:depending on 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2336: 2330: 2326: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2298: 2288: 2285: 2280: 2270: 2268: 2264: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2245: 2240: 2230: 2214: 2213:Justin Martyr 2203: 2191: 2186: 2177: 2173: 2170: 2166: 2156: 2155: 2144: 2141: 2140:communal meal 2137: 2133: 2124: 2120: 2117: 2116: 2097: 2093: 2091: 2090:Bread of Life 2087: 2083: 2082:Lord's Prayer 2078: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2009: 1999: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1975: 1974: 1969: 1965: 1964:Armenian Rite 1961: 1957: 1954:is common in 1953: 1943: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1917: 1914:or among the 1913: 1909: 1906:) is used in 1899: 1895: 1885: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1856:Ite missa est 1849: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1818: 1814: 1804: 1802: 1801:The Sacrament 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1772: 1770: 1765: 1754: 1725: 1723: 1719: 1713: 1710: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1662: 1657: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1637: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1610: 1606: 1603: 1592: 1585:Lord's Supper 1582: 1580: 1578: 1577:the Sacrament 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1561:Presbyterians 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1541: 1540:First Apology 1536: 1535:Justin Martyr 1532: 1528: 1527: 1521: 1508: 1498: 1489: 1478: 1474: 1473:New Testament 1461: 1460: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1442: 1433: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1404:believe in a 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 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847: 839: 836: 834: 833:Denominations 831: 830: 826: 825: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 744: 738: 735: 733: 730: 729: 725: 724: 717: 714: 712: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 666: 665: 662: 660: 657: 656: 653: 648: 647: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 614:New Testament 612: 610: 609:Old Testament 607: 606: 599: 597: 594: 593: 589: 588: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 556: 553: 552: 546: 543: 541: 538: 537: 533: 532: 528: 524: 523: 520: 517: 516: 512: 508: 507: 497: 492: 490: 485: 483: 478: 477: 475: 474: 467: 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 449: 448: 442: 441: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 410: 404: 403: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 381: 378: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 353: 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 338: 337: 336:Real presence 334: 333: 330: 325: 324: 317: 314: 312: 309: 308: 302: 301: 294: 291: 289: 286: 285: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 265: 263: 262: 258: 257: 253: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 207: 204: 203: 197: 196: 187: 184: 182: 179: 177: 174: 173: 172: 168: 165: 161: 158: 156: 153: 152: 151: 148: 146: 143: 141: 138: 136: 133: 131: 128: 127: 121: 120: 112: 109: 107: 104: 103: 96: 95: 91: 87: 86: 79: 75: 72: 71:Lord's Supper 68: 67: 64: 61: 60: 56: 52: 51: 48: 44: 37: 33: 19: 10856: 10651:Architecture 10545:Confirmation 10534: 10493:Ecclesiology 10424:Original sin 10414:Nicene Creed 10211:Old Catholic 10095:Papal States 10027:Great Church 9993:Resurrection 9935:Christianity 9892:New Covenant 9843:(Scriptures) 9788:Christianity 9725: 9719: 9716:Wright, N. T 9709: 9695: 9689: 9675: 9671: 9657: 9640: 9630: 9626: 9618: 9611: 9597: 9579: 9562: 9555: 9547: 9530: 9524: 9509: 9508:Macy, Gary. 9495: 9488: 9474: 9460: 9446: 9429: 9415: 9408: 9394: 9385: 9371: 9357: 9343: 9327: 9310: 9307:Dix, Gregory 9299: 9272: 9255: 9251: 9243: 9225: 9206: 9185: 9158:. Retrieved 9154: 9144: 9132:. Retrieved 9122: 9095: 9091: 9081: 9069:. Retrieved 9065:the original 9044: 9040: 9030: 9022: 9006: 8994:. Retrieved 8984: 8976:the original 8966: 8958:the original 8953: 8944: 8935: 8929: 8916: 8904:. Retrieved 8900:the original 8895: 8885: 8867: 8851: 8831: 8827: 8821: 8809: 8779: 8775: 8765: 8741: 8716:(1): 57–62. 8713: 8709: 8703: 8691:. Retrieved 8687:the original 8677: 8669:the original 8648:the original 8638: 8630:the original 8620: 8612:the original 8607: 8587:the original 8577: 8558: 8552: 8542:14 September 8540:. Retrieved 8536: 8527: 8519:the original 8509: 8497: 8490:www.lcms.org 8489: 8475: 8466: 8457: 8445:. Retrieved 8435: 8416: 8404:. 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