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138:. Most horses have some markings, and they help to identify the horse as a unique individual. Markings are present at birth and do not change over the course of the horse's life. Most markings have pink skin underneath most of the white hairs, though a few faint markings may occasionally have white hair with no underlying pink skin. Markings may appear to change slightly when a horse grows or sheds its winter coat, however this difference is simply a factor of hair coat length; the underlying pattern does not change.
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846:: A callous-like area on the inside of the horse's leg that has a subtle pattern, but one unique to each horse. It has been proposed that chestnuts could be used as a type of "fingerprint" to identify a horse, but the idea has failed to become widespread in practice, probably in part because the chestnut continually grows and sheds, making precise measurement a challenge.
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are small white spots, about the size of a dime to the size of a quarter. They have not been linked to any specific breed, but they do tend to run in families. These spots may occur late in a horse's life, or may occur and then disappear. The spots may look like scars, but they are not caused by skin
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Within five years of his death, one expert would concede: 'It cannot be denied that 'Irish
Birdcatcher' has done more for the racehorse than any stallion of modern days - probably than ever was heard of; not alone in speed, but in symmetry of shape and power.' His imprint on the Darley Arabian line
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Horses may develop white markings over areas where there was an injury to the animal, either to cover scar tissue from a cut or abrasion, or to reflect harm to the underlying skin or nerves. One common type of scarring that produces patches of white hairs are "saddle marks," which are round or oval
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Facial markings are usually described by shape and location. There may be more than one distinct facial marking and if so, will be named separately. Occasionally, when a white marking extends over an eye, that eye may be blue instead of brown, though this is not consistently seen in all cases.
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917:: a slightly darker hair shade from the base coat located in a dorsal stripe along the horse's backbone, horizontal striping on the upper legs and sometimes transverse striping across the shoulders. These markings identify a horse as a dun as opposed to a
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are distinguished by unique patterns. However, even for horses with coat colors that are arranged in a manner unique to each individual horse, these patterns are not called "markings." Some coat colors partially distinguished by unique patterning include:
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beneath a white marking at the coronary line will also be light-colored ("white"). If a horse has a partial marking or ermine spots at the coronary band, the hoof may be both dark and light, corresponding with the hair coat immediately above. Where the
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Shield: A dark Pinto marking where the horse has a dark colored chest, surrounded completely by white on the shoulders, legs, belly and neck. Occasionally used to describe the rarer example of a horse with a totally dark head surrounded completely by
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145:, markings visible at birth may become hidden as the horse turns white with age, but markings can still be determined by trimming the horse's hair closely, then wetting down the coat to see where there is pink skin and black skin under the hair.
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A horse's genes influence whether it will have white markings, though the exact genes involved could differ between breeds. Chestnut horses generally have more extensive white markings than bay or black horses. Horses with the
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Saddle marks may be seen on the back or withers as a patch of white hairs, usually a result of wearing an improperly-fitted saddle for long periods, but also could be related to straightforward long-term saddle wear, unclean
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horses often develop patches of solid (dark) hair on the roan sections of their bodies wherever there has been any scratch or damage to underlying skin, even if only slight. These are sometimes called "corn marks" or "corn
967:: A horse coat color that features white and dark hairs intermingled together, but the horse has head and legs of the base color with very little white. Roans sometimes have dark areas on their coats similar to
840:"Glass" eye, "Moon" eye, "China" eye, "Wall" eye or "Night" eye: A blue eye. Horses with blue eyes are less common than horses with brown eyes, but can see equally well. An eye can also be partially blue.
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Facial markings. Top row, L-R: blaze, stripe, stripe (or thin blaze) and snip, irregular blaze, interrupted stripe, bald face. Bottom row, L-R: faint star, star, star and strip, irregular star, snip, lip
605:. Such markings are usually simply called "body spots," sometimes identified by location, i.e. "belly spot," "flank spot," etc. When this type of isolated spotting occurs, it may involve one of the
358:: A marking within the broad confines of a given height, but with significantly uneven edges. Indicated by the highest point of the white. Most often used to describe certain types of stockings.
364:: An irregular marking that only extends up part of the leg to the height indicated, sometimes with the other side of the leg dark. Usually used to describe socks and other short markings.
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Leg scars left from pin firing or bar firing, in which an injury is blistered with hot iron, can leave dots or lines of white hair in a very distinct pattern. This is usually seen on
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involves white flecks of hair at the flank, and white hairs at the base of the tail. The most minimal form can have only striped white frosting at the base of the tail, called a
903:: An extremely rare horse coat pattern; it typically features faint vertical striping in a shade slightly diluted from the base coat color. Brindling may be associated with
937:: A horse coat color that is distinguished by one of several possible broad spotting patterns, as opposed to the smaller spots typical of the Appaloosa. Variations include
833:, colloquially known as "cowlicks": divergent or convergent patches of hair found anywhere on the body but mostly on the head, neck, chest, belly, or just in front of the
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A white marking on the crest of a horse's neck artificially created by freeze branding, a form of marking for identification claimed to be nearly painless to the horse.
226:: a white marking between or above the eyes. If a stripe or blaze is present, a star must be significantly wider than the vertical marking to be designated separately.
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Horses can be uniquely identified by more than just markings or brands. A few other physical characteristics sometimes used to distinguish a horse from another are:
897:. Most have black hairs along the edges of their ears and on their muzzles, and occasionally will have a slight darkening of the hairs along their backbone.
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Scarring on a horse usually results in white hairs growing in over the injured area, though occasionally there may be no hair growth over the scar at all.
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was to become so indelible that even today silver flecks in the root of a horse's tail, or scattered over the flanks, are known as 'Birdcatcher ticks'.
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Ermine marks: The occurrence of black marks on a white marking, most often seen on leg markings just above the hoof. May cause the hoof to be striped.
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on a red base coat. All bay horses have a black mane, tail and legs (except where overlain by white markings), caused by the presence of the
267:: have no specialized names, usually are described by location, such as "lower lip," "chin", etc. Lip markings may indicate presence of the
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Leg markings are usually described by the highest point of the horse's leg that is covered by white. As a general rule, the horse's
837:. Included as identifying marks for documentation when unusual, such as double whorl on forehead or whorl on the side of the neck.
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In addition to white markings on a base coat, there are other markings or patterns that are used to identify horses as with
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Leg markings. Top row, L-R: Stocking, Sock or Boot, Fetlock or Sock. Bottom row, L-R: Pastern, Coronet, Partial
Pastern
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1183:"State of Oregon: Animal Health, Feeds, and Livestock ID - About Animal Health, Feeds, and Livestock Identification"
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927:: Responsible for a variety of patterns, typically leopard-type spotting, and is most closely identified with the
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220:: a very wide blaze, extending to or past the eyes. Some, but not all, bald faced horses also have blue eyes.
347:: white just above the hoof, around coronary band, usually no more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) above the hoof.
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that have raced. This treatment is not commonly practiced, but such markings are still occasionally seen.
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255:: Occasionally used to describe distinctively different markings that happen to be joined to one another
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249:: A marking, usually a strip or blaze, that is broken and not solid for the entire length of the face.
243:: A small but permanent marking that usually consists of white hairs without any underlying pink skin.
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Rieder, Stefan; Hagger, Christian; Obexer-Ruff, Gabriela; Leeb, Tosso; Poncet, Pierre-André (2008).
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Horses may have isolated body spots that are not large or numerous enough to qualify them as an
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1099:"Medicine Hat Horse- Horse Breed - Pony Breed - Horse Breeding - Equiworld Equestrian Magazine"
1037:"Genetic Analysis of White Facial and Leg Markings in the Swiss Franches-Montagnes Horse Breed"
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and other causes. White marks just forward of the withers may be the result of an ill-fitting
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Shorter marking is sometimes called a "fetlock" or a "sock," taller marking is clearly a sock
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is present, the hoof may be striped even if markings are not visible at the coronary band.
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307:: white marking that extends at least to the bottom of the knee or hock, sometimes higher.
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Recent studies have examined the genetics behind white markings and have located certain
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A type of deliberate human-created scarring that results in white hair is
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Additional terms used to describe facial markings include the following:
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Colored areas, usually white, on a horse that differ from the body color
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may also scar lightly enough to leave white hairs rather than bare skin.
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can leave a horse with small white spots, especially along the topline.
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This horse has a belly spot. It also has a blaze and three stockings
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A freeze brand on a horse's shoulder, a common spot for branding.
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A horse with "high white," including stockings on all four legs
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Additional terms used to describe white leg markings include:
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are usually distinctive white areas on an otherwise dark base
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Scars from accidents, as well as old injury sites (such as
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onto the flank or belly, considered characteristic of the
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horse with blue eyes, a "Medicine hat", and a lips spot.
991:"Genetics Behind Horses' Face and Leg Markings Studied"
232:: a white marking on the muzzle, between the nostrils.
550:: Dark faint spotting, usually seen on horses with a
214:: a narrow white stripe down the middle of the face.
1133:. American Quarter Horse Association. April 10, 2018
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508:allele typically have white face and leg markings.
300:From tallest to shortest, common leg markings are:
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1077:"Dominant White Mutations – W5, W10, W20, and W22"
337:: white marking that extends above the top of the
208:: a wide white stripe down the middle of the face.
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426:A horse with a star, interrupted stripe, and snip
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632:that had been worn over a long period of time.
1204:Adapted From: Horses For Dummies, 2nd Edition.
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321:. This marking is sometimes called a "boot."
568:coloring where the horse has dark ears and
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1079:. UC Davis Veterinary Genetics Laboratory
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989:MA, Christa Lesté-Lasserre (2013-12-12).
889:: A horse coat color that features black
171:, as well as artificial markings such as
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1202:"Identifying Horse parts and markings,"
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727:), can also be used to identify a horse.
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1769:Identification of domesticated animals
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327:: white marking that extends over the
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851:Coat colors with distinctive patterns
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44:adding citations to reliable sources
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913:: A horse coat color that features
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564:"Medicine hat": An unusual type of
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1119:. Equus Magazine. 9 November 2012.
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527:Ermine marks (just above the hoof)
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122:All of these young stallions are
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1190:"Horse and Pony Head Markings"
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644:damage. The name comes from a
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1196:"Horse and Pony Leg Markings"
1117:"Birdcatcher Spots Explained"
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499:Inheritance of white markings
1152:Christopher McGrath (2017).
624:marks on either side of the
201:Common facial markings are:
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1742:Category:Horse coat colors
1711:Endothelin receptor type B
1676:Equine coat color genetics
861:Equine coat color genetics
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1018:"Are markings inherited?"
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1731:Melanocortin 1 receptor
179:Types of white markings
1158:. Simon and Schuster.
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212:Strip, stripe, or race
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1669:Genetics and breeding
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1439:Lethal white syndrome
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1155:Mr. Darley's Arabian
752:Corn marks on a roan
414:A horse with a blaze
259:Irregular or crooked
40:improve this article
1041:Journal of Heredity
438:A horse with a star
1640:Primitive markings
1241:Equine coat colors
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1198:(Equine World UK)
1192:(Equine World UK)
1103:www.equiworld.com
879:horse coat colors
857:Equine coat color
674:Birdcatcher ticks
641:Birdcatcher spots
493:A coronet marking
402:A baldfaced horse
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1024:. 2013-11-20.
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57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1726:STX17 (Gray)
1686:Horse genome
1568:Knabstrupper
1561:
1558:Varnish roan
1452:and patterns
1448:
1434:Sabino-white
1399:
1398:Blue dun or
1203:
1169:
1154:
1147:
1135:. Retrieved
1125:
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1081:. Retrieved
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998:. Retrieved
994:
984:
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825:
764:Saddle marks
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673:
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659:
655:
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648:horse named
646:Thoroughbred
640:
639:
622:
592:
502:
444:Leg markings
368:
361:
355:
350:
344:
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324:
310:
304:
299:
295:leopard gene
287:
276:Leg markings
265:Lip markings
264:
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229:
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217:
211:
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200:
187:
158:
150:genetic loci
147:
140:
130:Markings on
129:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1681:Color breed
1536:Tricoloured
1513:(primarily
1373:Smoky cream
1350:Smoky black
895:agouti gene
792:on a horse.
650:Birdcatcher
558:coat color.
247:Interrupted
1758:Categories
1515:UK English
1396:(see also
1343:Isabelline
1279:Seal brown
1000:2023-10-06
976:References
670:skunk tail
469:A stocking
369:High White
154:expression
143:gray horse
136:coat color
66:newspapers
1660:Tiger eye
1564:Appaloosa
1562:See also
1388:Champagne
1277:included
995:The Horse
929:Appaloosa
921:or a bay.
905:chimerism
844:Chestnuts
689:Rainscald
666:coon tail
595:Appaloosa
356:Irregular
253:Connected
218:Bald face
161:Appaloosa
96:July 2011
1706:KIT gene
1691:Wildtype
1655:Mushroom
1590:Rabicano
1531:Skewbald
1363:Cremello
1338:Palomino
1333:Buckskin
1262:Chestnut
1063:18296388
943:Skewbald
919:buckskin
873:chestnut
711:branding
661:rabicano
556:Palomino
552:Chestnut
384:Examples
305:Stocking
197:masking.
173:branding
124:chestnut
1696:Melanin
1630:Pangaré
1620:Cropout
1615:Brindle
1526:Piebald
1495:Tobiano
1368:Perlino
1137:Aug 16,
1083:Aug 15,
951:Tobiano
939:Piebald
901:Brindle
871:brindle
835:stifles
702:spots."
656:Ticking
626:withers
618:alleles
362:Partial
345:Coronet
335:Pastern
329:fetlock
169:Brindle
80:scholar
1701:Agouti
1650:Flaxen
1500:Tovero
1488:Sabino
1400:Grullo
1267:Sorrel
1162:
1061:
959:Sabino
955:Tovero
931:breed.
831:Whorls
820:tovero
788:A hot
630:saddle
615:sabino
576:white.
377:sabino
373:stifle
269:sabino
132:horses
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1645:Sooty
1625:Liver
1603:Other
1483:Frame
1473:Overo
1422:White
1408:Pearl
1320:Cream
1257:Black
947:Overo
935:Pinto
877:Some
790:brand
613:, or
603:Paint
599:Pinto
241:Faint
206:Blaze
165:Pinto
141:On a
87:JSTOR
73:books
1721:PAX3
1716:MITF
1585:Roan
1566:and
1303:Gray
1298:Gray
1160:ISBN
1139:2020
1085:2020
1059:PMID
965:Roan
957:and
859:and
699:Roan
570:poll
339:hoof
319:hock
315:knee
311:Sock
290:hoof
230:Snip
224:Star
59:news
1393:Dun
1274:Bay
1049:doi
911:Dun
887:Bay
691:or
668:or
658:or
601:or
554:or
506:W20
317:or
167:or
42:by
1760::
1168:.
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1043:.
1039:.
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1009:^
993:.
953:,
949:,
945:,
941:,
869:A
818:A
676:.
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175:.
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1269:)
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367:"
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
