Knowledge

Hualong One

Source 📝

102: 20: 3351: 3341: 3321: 2405: 3331: 177:
The Hualong One power output will be 1170 MWe gross, 1090 MWe net, with a 60-year design life, and would use a combination of passive and active safety systems with a double containment. It has a 177 assembly core design with an 18-month refuelling cycle. The power plant's utilisation rate is as high
173:
After the merger, both companies retain their own supply chain and their versions of the Hualong One will differ slightly (units built by CGN will retain some features from the ACPR1000) but the design is considered to be standardised. CNNC version emphasizes more passive safety due to influence from
246:
1 and 2 (Zhejiang). Fuqing 5 began commercial operation on 30 January 2021. CGN's first Hualong One reactor (HPR1000) was connected to the grid on 10 January 2023. China's State Council approved the construction of six Hualong One units for Ningde (5 & 6), Shidaowan (1 & 2), and Zhangzhou (3
162:
with 157 fuel assemblies, but went through different development processes (CNNC's ACP-1000 has a more domestic design with 177 fuel assemblies while CGN's ACPR-1000 is a closer copy with 157 fuel assemblies). In early 2014, it was announced that the merged design was moving from preliminary design
753:
site. On 16 November 2017, the ONR and the Environment Agency announced they are progressing to the next phase of their Generic Design Assessment of the UK HPR1000 reactor. Step 2 formally commenced on this day and is planned to take about 12 months. The targeted timescale for the UK HPR1000 GDA
187:
Chinese media reports that all core components are manufactured in China and that 17 universities and research institutions, 58 state-owned enterprises and over 140 private firms across China worked on Hualong One's development to ensure all core components were able to be produced domestically.
196:
In November 2021, the European Utility Requirements (EUR) organisation formally certified the Hualong One (HPR1000) as compliant after a four-step process which began in August 2017. The requirements covered a broad range of conditions for nuclear power plants to operate efficiently and safely.
762:
CNNC plans to start building a follow-on version, named Hualong Two, by 2024. It will be a more economical version using similar technology, reducing build time from 5 years to 4, and reducing costs by around a fourth from 17,000 yuan per kW to 13,000 yuan per kW.
1375: 737:
In December 2015, CGN and CNNC agreed to create Hualong International Nuclear Power Technology Co as a joint venture to promote the Hualong One in overseas markets, which was officially launched in March 2016. On 19 January 2017, the
2292: 205:
In February 2022, UK regulators announced that the Hualong One (HPR1000) had passed the four-step Generic Design Assessment (GDA) which started in August 2017 and was thus suitable for construction in the UK, possibly in the
174:
Westinghouse AP1000, with increased containment volume and two active safety trains, while CGN version has three active safety trains due to influence from Areva EPR. Some 90% of its components will be made domestically.
1379: 163:
to detailed design. Power output will be 1150 MWe, with a 60-year design life, and would use a combination of passive and active safety systems with a double containment. CNNC's 177 fuel assembly design was retained.
2297: 884: 166:
Initially the merged design was to be called the ACC-1000, but ultimately it was named Hualong One. In August 2014 the Chinese nuclear regulator review panel classified the design as a
1996: 1988: 2844: 2014: 158:
design, while allowing some differences, under direction of the Chinese nuclear regulator. Both are three-loop designs originally based on the same French M310 design used in
1968: 2006: 184:
A the end of August 2014, Chinese regulators were satisfied that Hualong One was a Generation III design and that intellectual property rights were fully held in China.
3038: 170:
design, with independently owned intellectual property rights. As a result of the success of the merger, ACP-1000 and ACPR-1000 designs are no longer being offered.
1041: 1014: 962: 3354: 178:
as 90%. CNNC has said its active and passive safety systems, double-layer containment and other technologies meet the highest international safety standards.
1489: 1410: 858: 266:, but was stalled during negotiation. The project was reactivated in 2021 and expected to start construction in mid 2022, with completion date by 2028. 2485: 1745: 1070: 86:. It is commonly mistakenly referred to in media as the "ACPR1000" and "ACP1000", which are in fact earlier reactors design programs by CGN and CNNC. 3149: 3294: 2339: 2157: 1399: 1363: 829: 1583: 1701: 1514: 1332: 1165: 2276: 1467: 1655: 2544: 1219: 1092: 984: 2783: 2385: 1679: 1633: 1205: 1191: 262:, out of which two are under construction at Karachi. Construction of another Hualong One reactor was planned to start in 2020 in 2994: 2834: 2773: 1611: 1310: 1151: 2914: 2739: 2478: 2323: 1738: 1285: 2147: 1960: 1271: 3380: 3375: 2790: 2390: 1539: 2707: 1010: 958: 1298: 2989: 2271: 1422: 1037: 116: 79: 2471: 2266: 1813: 1731: 1557: 335: 231: 152: 120: 75: 3324: 3299: 3164: 2409: 2380: 2318: 207: 3242: 3076: 2678: 2556: 2142: 1920: 1868: 1803: 448: 239: 28: 3232: 3081: 2539: 1858: 1823: 750: 568: 300: 3006: 2839: 2313: 1941: 1910: 1902: 1843: 742: 483: 413: 255: 243: 235: 211: 944: 3086: 2795: 2549: 1978: 1936: 1873: 1788: 1066: 985:"CGN Chairman He Yu Makes Proposal for Promoting Export of China-designed Nuclear Power Technology ACC1000" 159: 3344: 3306: 3144: 2971: 2909: 2734: 2638: 2524: 2420: 1928: 1878: 1853: 1833: 1798: 1793: 1445: 1272:"CGN's Hualong One design certified for European use : Regulation & Safety - World Nuclear News" 885:"China Will Lead The World In Nuclear Energy, Along With All Other Energy Sources, Sooner Than You Think" 641: 263: 259: 749:
process for the Hualong One, expected to be completed in 2021, in advance of possible deployment at the
3192: 2871: 1915: 1778: 1773: 714: 689: 533: 372: 227: 90: 800: 3169: 2778: 2561: 2440: 2435: 2425: 1897: 1286:"UK regulators approve China's UK HPR1000 design : Regulation & Safety - World Nuclear News" 834: 746: 616: 71: 3334: 3259: 3159: 3071: 3289: 3264: 2878: 2655: 2360: 24: 3247: 3154: 1754: 777: 772: 275: 167: 68: 1245: 3184: 3139: 2601: 2529: 1342: 3134: 3119: 2445: 1223: 1096: 988: 8: 3269: 3054: 2648: 2516: 2495: 2450: 1206:"China to begin construction of Hualong Two in 2024 - Nuclear Engineering International" 1192:"China to begin construction of Hualong Two in 2024 - Nuclear Engineering International" 3174: 3011: 2938: 2749: 2430: 1588: 1337: 215: 2344: 2506: 1120:"Global developments in advanced reactor technologies and international cooperation" 101: 2463: 1131: 924: 44: 19: 3252: 3212: 2666: 1136: 1119: 2744: 181:
According to CNNC, the Hualong One has a construction cost of CNY17,000 per kW.
3207: 3202: 3197: 2947: 2854: 2823: 2805: 739: 3227: 929: 912: 3369: 2683: 2415: 913:"HPR1000: Advanced Pressurized Water Reactor with Active and Passive Safety" 2958: 93:
was the first Hualong One to enter commercial service on 30 January 2021.
3016: 1723: 1246:"First nuclear unit with Hualong One reactor starts commercial operation" 1220:"Independent Gen-III Hualong-1 reactor technology passes national review" 1093:"Independent Gen-III Hualong-1 reactor technology passes national review" 32: 2722: 801:"China's first Hualong One nuclear reactor starts commercial operation" 35:(blue), and pumps (green) in the three coolant loop Hualong One design 2727: 2717: 2203: 2041: 1783: 155: 3222: 1490:"Retoman negociaciones con China para la construcción de Atucha III" 138: 3096: 3091: 3031: 2700: 2628: 2611: 2596: 2571: 2233: 2228: 2213: 2208: 2198: 2172: 1863: 1848: 1838: 251: 148: 128: 82:(CNNC). The CGN version, and its derived export version, is called 1152:"Chinese reactor design passes safety review - World Nuclear News" 856: 3237: 3217: 2616: 2591: 2223: 2218: 2193: 2152: 2121: 2001: 1828: 1808: 859:"World's first Hualong One reactor put into commercial operation" 124: 1446:"'Made in China' nuclear reactors a tough sell in global market" 1364:
China commits $ 6.5 billion for nuclear power project in Karachi
3026: 3021: 3001: 2981: 2966: 2849: 2586: 2566: 2534: 2238: 2167: 1818: 1768: 105:
Active and passive cooling systems of the HPR1000 (Hualong One)
52: 1411:
China ‘to build third Hualong One nuclear reactor’ in Pakistan
1311:"CGN's first Hualong One reactor starts supplying electricity" 3063: 2919: 2712: 2576: 2177: 2107: 2075: 2067: 2030: 1983: 1973: 1702:"China to start building Hualong Two nuclear reactor in 2024" 1443: 910: 2924: 2813: 2623: 2581: 2162: 144: 132: 2897: 2761: 675: 670: 657: 652: 602: 597: 584: 579: 559: 544: 524: 509: 494: 474: 459: 439: 424: 406: 401: 388: 383: 362: 346: 326: 311: 2293:
China Nuclear Engineering & Construction Corporation
1584:"Chinese firms join forces to market Hualong One abroad" 1400:
Construction cleared for China's first Hualong One units
1656:"Regulators start technical assessment of UK HPR 1000" 1515:"Argentina seeks new China-backed nuclear power plant" 857:
China National Nuclear Corporation (30 January 2021).
754:
process is about five years from the start of Step 1.
214:
issued a Design Acceptance Confirmation (DAC) and the
1634:"UK GDA reports good progress for AP1000 and UK ABWR" 2493: 1680:"China to begin construction of Hualong Two in 2024" 1468:"Argentina and China sign contract for two reactors" 906: 904: 111:
IRWST − in-containment refuelling water storage tank
218:issued a Statement of Design Acceptability (SoDA). 1682:. Nuclear Engineering International. 15 April 2021 1636:. Nuclear Engineering International. 23 March 2017 1376:"Local Fallout From Pakistan's Nuclear Energy Bet" 901: 139:Merger of ACP-1000 and ACPR-1000 into Hualong One 3367: 1437: 1035: 961:. World Nuclear Association. 24 September 2013. 911:Ji Xing; Daiyong Song; Yuxiang Wu (March 2016). 250:There are five Hualong One reactors planned for 2340:China Nuclear International Uranium Corporation 1612:"Hualong One joint venture officially launched" 1061: 1059: 1003: 945:"China's new nuclear baby - World Nuclear News" 795: 793: 1540:"Construction starts on two new Chinese units" 1444:Charlie Zhu and David Stanway (6 March 2015). 131:of CGN, which in turn are based on the French 3150:Small sealed transportable autonomous (SSTAR) 2479: 1739: 1299:First Hualong One begins commercial operation 951: 1672: 1626: 1604: 1576: 1460: 1415: 1303: 1056: 1029: 790: 2298:State Nuclear Power Engineering Corporation 62: 3330: 2486: 2472: 2277:State Nuclear Power Technology Corporation 1753: 1746: 1732: 732: 226:The first units to be constructed will be 1135: 1013:. World Nuclear Association. April 2014. 928: 850: 3062: 1558:"Karachi 3 begins supplying electricity" 1069:. World Nuclear News. 2 September 2014. 115:Hualong One is jointly developed by the 100: 67:'China Dragon №1') is a Chinese 18: 230:5 and 6 (Fujian Province), followed by 3368: 3077:Liquid-fluoride thorium reactor (LFTR) 2324:National Nuclear Safety Administration 151:nuclear power station design with the 3082:Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) 2467: 1727: 1425:. World Nuclear News. 5 February 2015 1313:. World Nuclear News. 11 January 2023 1222:. CGN. 22 August 2014. Archived from 1095:. CGN. 22 August 2014. Archived from 1073:from the original on 8 September 2019 1044:from the original on 28 December 2019 1040:. Nuclear Engineering International. 824: 822: 1423:"Hualong One selected for Argentina" 1117: 1017:from the original on 3 November 2013 965:from the original on 3 November 2013 3087:Integral Molten Salt Reactor (IMSR) 1614:. World Nuclear News. 17 March 2016 987:. CGN. 6 March 2014. Archived from 147:has been progressively merging its 13: 2896: 2272:China National Nuclear Corporation 1038:"Chinese reactor design evolution" 819: 117:China National Nuclear Corporation 80:China National Nuclear Corporation 14: 3392: 2267:China General Nuclear Power Group 1470:. World Nuclear News. 18 May 2017 882: 121:China General Nuclear Power Group 76:China General Nuclear Power Group 72:pressurized water nuclear reactor 3350: 3349: 3340: 3339: 3329: 3320: 3319: 3170:Fast Breeder Test Reactor (FBTR) 2404: 2403: 2319:China Institute of Atomic Energy 1036:Caroline Peachey (22 May 2014). 208:Bradwell B nuclear power station 2386:Nuclear power stations in China 1888:Power plants under construction 1694: 1648: 1550: 1532: 1507: 1482: 1404: 1393: 1368: 1357: 1325: 1292: 1278: 1264: 1238: 1212: 1198: 1184: 1158: 1144: 1111: 1085: 254:, four reactors are planned at 221: 123:(CGN), based on the three-loop 23:Primary coolant system showing 3160:Energy Multiplier Module (EM2) 977: 937: 876: 757: 751:Bradwell nuclear power station 200: 191: 57: 16:Chinese nuclear reactor design 1: 2314:China Atomic Energy Authority 783: 743:Office for Nuclear Regulation 256:Karachi Nuclear Power Complex 212:Office for Nuclear Regulation 2960:Uranium Naturel Graphite Gaz 1333:"中国为巴基斯坦建5座核反应堆 投150亿美元-新华网" 1137:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.12.734 683: 109:Green line − passive systems 7: 3381:Nuclear power reactor types 3376:Nuclear technology in China 3307:Aircraft Reactor Experiment 2391:Nuclear technology in China 766: 642:Karachi Nuclear Power Plant 610: 260:Chashma Nuclear Power Plant 10: 3397: 3145:Liquid-metal-cooled (LMFR) 2187:Commercial reactor designs 1067:"China's new nuclear baby" 715:Atucha Nuclear Power Plant 690:Nuclear power in Argentina 687: 614: 273: 91:Fuqing Nuclear Power Plant 3315: 3282: 3270:Stable Salt Reactor (SSR) 3183: 3165:Reduced-moderation (RMWR) 3130: 3113: 3053: 2980: 2972:Advanced gas-cooled (AGR) 2946: 2937: 2889: 2869: 2822: 2804: 2760: 2665: 2647: 2515: 2502: 2399: 2373: 2353: 2332: 2306: 2285: 2259: 2252: 2186: 2133: 2023: 1950: 1887: 1761: 1170:World Nuclear Association 930:10.1016/J.ENG.2016.01.017 835:World Nuclear Association 747:Generic Design Assessment 640: 617:Nuclear power in Pakistan 567: 532: 482: 447: 412: 371: 334: 299: 242:1 and 2 (Guangdong), and 107:Red line − active systems 96: 74:jointly developed by the 48: 3335:List of nuclear reactors 3175:Dual fluid reactor (DFR) 2791:Steam-generating (SGHWR) 1166:"Nuclear Power in China" 1011:"Nuclear Power in China" 959:"Nuclear Power in China" 830:"Nuclear Power in China" 269: 3325:Nuclear fusion reactors 3290:Organic nuclear reactor 2496:nuclear fission reactor 2381:Nuclear energy in China 2361:Chinese Nuclear Society 733:International marketing 25:reactor pressure vessel 2286:Construction companies 2136:and prototype reactors 2134:Research, experimental 1762:Operating power plants 1755:Nuclear power in China 1660:world-nuclear-news.org 1544:world-nuclear-news.org 778:Nuclear power in China 773:Generation III reactor 276:Nuclear power in China 168:Generation III reactor 112: 36: 2260:Power plant operators 2024:Proposed power plants 1496:(in European Spanish) 1118:Nian, Victor (2017). 216:UK Environment Agency 104: 22: 3155:Traveling-wave (TWR) 2639:Supercritical (SCWR) 1951:Planned power plants 863:Cision - PR Newswire 745:(ONR) started their 2525:Aqueous homogeneous 2307:Government agencies 706:Construction start 633:Construction start 292:Construction start 258:and one reactor at 234:3 and 4 (Guangxi), 3345:Nuclear technology 2421:Electricity sector 2374:Related categories 1592:. 31 December 2015 1589:World Nuclear News 1562:World Nuclear News 1338:Xinhua News Agency 594:Under construction 576:Under construction 556:Under construction 541:Under construction 521:Under construction 506:Under construction 491:Under construction 471:Under construction 456:Under construction 436:Under construction 421:Under construction 323:Under construction 308:Under construction 238:1 and 2 (Fujian), 113: 37: 3363: 3362: 3355:Nuclear accidents 3278: 3277: 3109: 3108: 3105: 3104: 3049: 3048: 2933: 2932: 2865: 2864: 2461: 2460: 2369: 2368: 1252:. 30 January 2021 807:. 29 January 2021 730: 729: 681: 680: 608: 607: 65: 3388: 3353: 3352: 3343: 3342: 3333: 3332: 3323: 3322: 3265:Helium gas (GFR) 3128: 3127: 3123: 3060: 3059: 2944: 2943: 2894: 2893: 2887: 2886: 2882: 2881: 2663: 2662: 2659: 2658: 2488: 2481: 2474: 2465: 2464: 2426:Renewable Energy 2407: 2406: 2257: 2256: 1748: 1741: 1734: 1725: 1724: 1718: 1717: 1715: 1713: 1698: 1692: 1691: 1689: 1687: 1676: 1670: 1669: 1667: 1666: 1652: 1646: 1645: 1643: 1641: 1630: 1624: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1608: 1602: 1601: 1599: 1597: 1580: 1574: 1573: 1571: 1569: 1554: 1548: 1547: 1536: 1530: 1529: 1527: 1526: 1511: 1505: 1504: 1502: 1501: 1486: 1480: 1479: 1477: 1475: 1464: 1458: 1457: 1455: 1453: 1441: 1435: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1419: 1413: 1408: 1402: 1397: 1391: 1390: 1388: 1387: 1378:. Archived from 1372: 1366: 1361: 1355: 1354: 1352: 1350: 1341:. Archived from 1329: 1323: 1322: 1320: 1318: 1307: 1301: 1296: 1290: 1289: 1282: 1276: 1275: 1268: 1262: 1261: 1259: 1257: 1242: 1236: 1235: 1233: 1231: 1216: 1210: 1209: 1202: 1196: 1195: 1188: 1182: 1181: 1179: 1177: 1162: 1156: 1155: 1148: 1142: 1141: 1139: 1115: 1109: 1108: 1106: 1104: 1089: 1083: 1082: 1080: 1078: 1063: 1054: 1053: 1051: 1049: 1033: 1027: 1026: 1024: 1022: 1007: 1001: 1000: 998: 996: 981: 975: 974: 972: 970: 955: 949: 948: 941: 935: 934: 932: 908: 899: 898: 896: 895: 880: 874: 873: 871: 869: 854: 848: 847: 845: 843: 826: 817: 816: 814: 812: 797: 709:Grid connection 694: 693: 677: 672: 659: 654: 636:Grid connection 621: 620: 604: 599: 586: 581: 561: 546: 545:8 September 2022 526: 525:22 February 2024 511: 510:4 September 2020 496: 476: 461: 460:26 December 2019 441: 440:31 December 2021 426: 425:31 December 2020 408: 403: 402:22 December 2015 390: 389:27 November 2020 385: 364: 363:23 December 2016 348: 347:24 December 2015 328: 327:28 December 2021 313: 295:Grid connection 280: 279: 66: 63: 59: 50: 29:steam generators 3396: 3395: 3391: 3390: 3389: 3387: 3386: 3385: 3366: 3365: 3364: 3359: 3311: 3274: 3179: 3124: 3117: 3116: 3101: 3045: 2976: 2951: 2929: 2901: 2883: 2876: 2875: 2874: 2861: 2827: 2818: 2800: 2765: 2756: 2670: 2653: 2652: 2651: 2643: 2557:Natural fission 2511: 2510: 2498: 2492: 2462: 2457: 2395: 2365: 2349: 2328: 2302: 2281: 2248: 2182: 2135: 2129: 2019: 1946: 1883: 1757: 1752: 1722: 1721: 1711: 1709: 1708:. 14 April 2021 1700: 1699: 1695: 1685: 1683: 1678: 1677: 1673: 1664: 1662: 1654: 1653: 1649: 1639: 1637: 1632: 1631: 1627: 1617: 1615: 1610: 1609: 1605: 1595: 1593: 1582: 1581: 1577: 1567: 1565: 1556: 1555: 1551: 1538: 1537: 1533: 1524: 1522: 1513: 1512: 1508: 1499: 1497: 1488: 1487: 1483: 1473: 1471: 1466: 1465: 1461: 1451: 1449: 1442: 1438: 1428: 1426: 1421: 1420: 1416: 1409: 1405: 1398: 1394: 1385: 1383: 1374: 1373: 1369: 1362: 1358: 1348: 1346: 1345:on July 4, 2018 1331: 1330: 1326: 1316: 1314: 1309: 1308: 1304: 1297: 1293: 1284: 1283: 1279: 1270: 1269: 1265: 1255: 1253: 1244: 1243: 1239: 1229: 1227: 1226:on 2 April 2015 1218: 1217: 1213: 1204: 1203: 1199: 1190: 1189: 1185: 1175: 1173: 1172:. February 2022 1164: 1163: 1159: 1150: 1149: 1145: 1124:Energy Procedia 1116: 1112: 1102: 1100: 1099:on 2 April 2015 1091: 1090: 1086: 1076: 1074: 1065: 1064: 1057: 1047: 1045: 1034: 1030: 1020: 1018: 1009: 1008: 1004: 994: 992: 991:on 8 April 2014 983: 982: 978: 968: 966: 957: 956: 952: 943: 942: 938: 909: 902: 893: 891: 881: 877: 867: 865: 855: 851: 841: 839: 828: 827: 820: 810: 808: 799: 798: 791: 786: 769: 760: 735: 692: 686: 619: 613: 495:16 October 2019 475:15 October 2020 278: 272: 224: 203: 194: 141: 110: 108: 106: 99: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3394: 3384: 3383: 3378: 3361: 3360: 3358: 3357: 3347: 3337: 3327: 3316: 3313: 3312: 3310: 3309: 3304: 3303: 3302: 3297: 3286: 3284: 3280: 3279: 3276: 3275: 3273: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3256: 3255: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3215: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3189: 3187: 3181: 3180: 3178: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3147: 3142: 3140:Integral (IFR) 3137: 3131: 3125: 3114: 3111: 3110: 3107: 3106: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3099: 3094: 3089: 3084: 3079: 3074: 3068: 3066: 3057: 3051: 3050: 3047: 3046: 3044: 3043: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3035: 3034: 3029: 3024: 3019: 3004: 2999: 2998: 2997: 2986: 2984: 2978: 2977: 2975: 2974: 2969: 2964: 2955: 2953: 2949: 2941: 2935: 2934: 2931: 2930: 2928: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2912: 2906: 2904: 2899: 2891: 2884: 2870: 2867: 2866: 2863: 2862: 2860: 2859: 2858: 2857: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2831: 2829: 2825: 2820: 2819: 2817: 2816: 2810: 2808: 2802: 2801: 2799: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2787: 2786: 2781: 2770: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2757: 2755: 2754: 2753: 2752: 2747: 2742: 2737: 2732: 2731: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2710: 2705: 2704: 2703: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2675: 2673: 2668: 2660: 2645: 2644: 2642: 2641: 2636: 2635: 2634: 2631: 2626: 2621: 2620: 2619: 2614: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2559: 2554: 2553: 2552: 2547: 2542: 2537: 2527: 2521: 2519: 2513: 2512: 2504: 2503: 2500: 2499: 2491: 2490: 2483: 2476: 2468: 2459: 2458: 2456: 2455: 2454: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2400: 2397: 2396: 2394: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2377: 2375: 2371: 2370: 2367: 2366: 2364: 2363: 2357: 2355: 2351: 2350: 2348: 2347: 2345:Swakop Uranium 2342: 2336: 2334: 2330: 2329: 2327: 2326: 2321: 2316: 2310: 2308: 2304: 2303: 2301: 2300: 2295: 2289: 2287: 2283: 2282: 2280: 2279: 2274: 2269: 2263: 2261: 2254: 2250: 2249: 2247: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2190: 2188: 2184: 2183: 2181: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2150: 2145: 2139: 2137: 2131: 2130: 2128: 2127: 2124: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2110: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2073: 2070: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2027: 2025: 2021: 2020: 2018: 2017: 2012: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1963: 1958: 1954: 1952: 1948: 1947: 1945: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1931: 1926: 1923: 1918: 1913: 1908: 1905: 1900: 1895: 1891: 1889: 1885: 1884: 1882: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1765: 1763: 1759: 1758: 1751: 1750: 1743: 1736: 1728: 1720: 1719: 1693: 1671: 1647: 1625: 1603: 1575: 1564:. 7 March 2022 1549: 1531: 1506: 1481: 1459: 1436: 1414: 1403: 1392: 1367: 1356: 1324: 1302: 1291: 1277: 1263: 1237: 1211: 1197: 1183: 1157: 1143: 1110: 1084: 1055: 1028: 1002: 976: 950: 936: 900: 883:Conca, James. 875: 849: 838:. January 2021 818: 788: 787: 785: 782: 781: 780: 775: 768: 765: 759: 756: 740:United Kingdom 734: 731: 728: 727: 725: 723: 720: 717: 711: 710: 707: 704: 701: 698: 688:Main article: 685: 682: 679: 678: 673: 668: 665: 661: 660: 655: 653:20 August 2015 650: 647: 644: 638: 637: 634: 631: 628: 625: 615:Main article: 612: 609: 606: 605: 600: 595: 592: 588: 587: 582: 577: 574: 571: 565: 564: 562: 560:26 August 2023 557: 554: 550: 549: 547: 542: 539: 536: 530: 529: 527: 522: 519: 515: 514: 512: 507: 504: 500: 499: 497: 492: 489: 486: 480: 479: 477: 472: 469: 465: 464: 462: 457: 454: 451: 445: 444: 442: 437: 434: 430: 429: 427: 422: 419: 416: 410: 409: 407:1 January 2022 404: 399: 396: 392: 391: 386: 381: 378: 375: 369: 368: 365: 360: 357: 353: 352: 351:25 March 2023 349: 344: 341: 338: 332: 331: 329: 324: 321: 317: 316: 314: 309: 306: 303: 297: 296: 293: 290: 287: 284: 274:Main article: 271: 268: 223: 220: 202: 199: 193: 190: 140: 137: 98: 95: 89:Unit 5 of the 78:(CGN) and the 69:Generation III 58:Huálóng yī hào 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3393: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3356: 3348: 3346: 3338: 3336: 3328: 3326: 3318: 3317: 3314: 3308: 3305: 3301: 3298: 3296: 3293: 3292: 3291: 3288: 3287: 3285: 3281: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3254: 3251: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3209: 3206: 3204: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3195: 3194: 3191: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3185:Generation IV 3182: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3135:Breeder (FBR) 3133: 3132: 3129: 3126: 3121: 3112: 3098: 3095: 3093: 3090: 3088: 3085: 3083: 3080: 3078: 3075: 3073: 3070: 3069: 3067: 3065: 3061: 3058: 3056: 3052: 3040: 3037: 3033: 3030: 3028: 3025: 3023: 3020: 3018: 3015: 3014: 3013: 3010: 3009: 3008: 3005: 3003: 3000: 2996: 2993: 2992: 2991: 2988: 2987: 2985: 2983: 2979: 2973: 2970: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2961: 2957: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2936: 2926: 2923: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2895: 2892: 2888: 2885: 2880: 2873: 2868: 2856: 2853: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2838: 2837: 2836: 2833: 2832: 2830: 2828: 2821: 2815: 2812: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2803: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2776: 2775: 2772: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2759: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2741: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2719: 2716: 2715: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2702: 2699: 2696: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2686: 2685: 2682: 2681: 2680: 2677: 2676: 2674: 2672: 2664: 2661: 2657: 2650: 2646: 2640: 2637: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2610: 2609: 2608: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2598: 2595: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2564: 2563: 2560: 2558: 2555: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2541: 2538: 2536: 2533: 2532: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2520: 2518: 2514: 2509: 2508: 2501: 2497: 2489: 2484: 2482: 2477: 2475: 2470: 2469: 2466: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2428: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2411: 2402: 2401: 2398: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2378: 2376: 2372: 2362: 2359: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2337: 2335: 2331: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2311: 2309: 2305: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2290: 2288: 2284: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2255: 2253:Organizations 2251: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2154: 2151: 2149: 2146: 2144: 2141: 2140: 2138: 2132: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2069: 2066: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2028: 2026: 2022: 2016: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1955: 1953: 1949: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1906: 1904: 1901: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1892: 1890: 1886: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1814:Fangchenggang 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1749: 1744: 1742: 1737: 1735: 1730: 1729: 1726: 1707: 1703: 1697: 1681: 1675: 1661: 1657: 1651: 1635: 1629: 1613: 1607: 1591: 1590: 1585: 1579: 1563: 1559: 1553: 1546:. 2024-07-29. 1545: 1541: 1535: 1520: 1519:Dialogo Chino 1516: 1510: 1495: 1491: 1485: 1469: 1463: 1447: 1440: 1424: 1418: 1412: 1407: 1401: 1396: 1382:on 2016-03-04 1381: 1377: 1371: 1365: 1360: 1344: 1340: 1339: 1334: 1328: 1312: 1306: 1300: 1295: 1287: 1281: 1273: 1267: 1251: 1247: 1241: 1225: 1221: 1215: 1207: 1201: 1193: 1187: 1171: 1167: 1161: 1153: 1147: 1138: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1114: 1098: 1094: 1088: 1072: 1068: 1062: 1060: 1043: 1039: 1032: 1016: 1012: 1006: 990: 986: 980: 964: 960: 954: 946: 940: 931: 926: 922: 918: 914: 907: 905: 890: 886: 879: 864: 860: 853: 837: 836: 831: 825: 823: 806: 802: 796: 794: 789: 779: 776: 774: 771: 770: 764: 755: 752: 748: 744: 741: 726: 724: 721: 718: 716: 713: 712: 708: 705: 702: 699: 696: 695: 691: 674: 669: 666: 664:K3 (KANUPP-3) 663: 662: 658:18 March 2021 656: 651: 648: 646:K2 (KANUPP-2) 645: 643: 639: 635: 632: 629: 626: 623: 622: 618: 601: 596: 593: 590: 589: 583: 578: 575: 572: 570: 566: 563: 558: 555: 552: 551: 548: 543: 540: 537: 535: 531: 528: 523: 520: 517: 516: 513: 508: 505: 502: 501: 498: 493: 490: 487: 485: 481: 478: 473: 470: 467: 466: 463: 458: 455: 452: 450: 446: 443: 438: 435: 432: 431: 428: 423: 420: 417: 415: 411: 405: 400: 397: 394: 393: 387: 382: 379: 376: 374: 370: 367:9 April 2024 366: 361: 358: 355: 354: 350: 345: 342: 339: 337: 336:Fangchenggang 333: 330: 325: 322: 319: 318: 315: 312:31 March 2021 310: 307: 304: 302: 298: 294: 291: 288: 285: 282: 281: 277: 267: 265: 261: 257: 253: 248: 245: 241: 237: 233: 232:Fangchenggang 229: 219: 217: 213: 210:project. The 209: 198: 189: 185: 182: 179: 175: 171: 169: 164: 161: 157: 154: 150: 146: 136: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 103: 94: 92: 87: 85: 81: 77: 73: 70: 60: 54: 46: 42: 34: 30: 26: 21: 3193:Sodium (SFR) 3120:fast-neutron 2959: 2606: 2505: 2408: 2243: 1710:. Retrieved 1705: 1696: 1684:. Retrieved 1674: 1663:. Retrieved 1659: 1650: 1638:. Retrieved 1628: 1616:. Retrieved 1606: 1594:. Retrieved 1587: 1578: 1566:. Retrieved 1561: 1552: 1543: 1534: 1523:. Retrieved 1521:. 2021-08-20 1518: 1509: 1498:. Retrieved 1494:BAE Negocios 1493: 1484: 1472:. Retrieved 1462: 1450:. Retrieved 1439: 1427:. Retrieved 1417: 1406: 1395: 1384:. Retrieved 1380:the original 1370: 1359: 1347:. Retrieved 1343:the original 1336: 1327: 1315:. Retrieved 1305: 1294: 1280: 1266: 1254:. Retrieved 1249: 1240: 1228:. Retrieved 1224:the original 1214: 1200: 1186: 1174:. Retrieved 1169: 1160: 1146: 1127: 1123: 1113: 1101:. Retrieved 1097:the original 1087: 1075:. Retrieved 1046:. Retrieved 1031: 1019:. Retrieved 1005: 993:. Retrieved 989:the original 979: 969:30 September 967:. Retrieved 953: 939: 923:(1): 79–87. 920: 916: 892:. Retrieved 888: 878: 866:. Retrieved 862: 852: 840:. Retrieved 833: 809:. Retrieved 804: 761: 736: 676:4 March 2022 598:29 July 2024 580:29 July 2024 249: 225: 222:Construction 204: 195: 186: 183: 180: 176: 172: 165: 143:Since 2012, 142: 127:of CNNC and 114: 88: 83: 56: 40: 38: 3228:Superphénix 3055:Molten-salt 3007:VHTR (HTGR) 2784:HW BLWR 250 2750:R4 Marviken 2679:Pressurized 2649:Heavy water 2633:many others 2562:Pressurized 2517:Light water 2244:Hualong One 1997:Lianyungang 1989:Taohuajiang 1921:Taipingling 1869:Fangjiashan 1130:: 605–610. 917:Engineering 758:Hualong Two 671:31 May 2016 667:Operational 649:Operational 449:Taipingling 398:Operational 380:Operational 359:Operational 343:Operational 240:Taipingling 201:UK approval 192:EU approval 119:(CNNC) and 41:Hualong One 33:pressurizer 3370:Categories 3012:PBR (PBMR) 2441:Hydropower 2436:Geothermal 2416:Coal power 2104:Yanjiashan 2092:Xiaomoshan 1824:Changjiang 1686:2 February 1665:2017-11-17 1596:6 February 1525:2021-09-30 1500:2021-09-30 1386:2018-05-31 1317:11 January 1256:31 January 894:2021-09-30 868:31 January 842:31 January 811:31 January 784:References 384:7 May 2015 301:Changjiang 247:& 4). 31:(purple), 3064:Fluorides 2728:IPHWR-700 2723:IPHWR-540 2718:IPHWR-220 2507:Moderator 2494:Types of 2431:Bioenergy 2204:ACPR-1000 2055:Guangdong 2042:Chongqing 1933:Zheijiang 1911:Lianjiang 1907:Guangdong 1903:Zhangzhou 1859:Shidaowan 1844:Hongyanhe 1804:Yangjiang 1784:Guangdong 1448:. Reuters 1250:Xinhuanet 700:Unit No. 684:Argentina 627:Unit No. 569:Shidaowan 484:Zhangzhou 286:Unit No. 264:Argentina 236:Zhangzhou 156:ACPR-1000 3097:TMSR-LF1 3092:TMSR-500 3072:Fuji MSR 3032:THTR-300 2872:Graphite 2735:PHWR KWU 2701:ACR-1000 2629:IPWR-900 2612:ACPR1000 2607:HPR-1000 2597:CPR-1000 2572:APR-1400 2410:Category 2234:CPR-1000 2229:CNP-1000 2214:CAP-1400 2209:CAP-1000 2199:ACP-1000 2173:TMSR-LF1 2126:Nanchong 2118:Donggang 2115:Liaoning 2072:Cangzhou 2058:Shaoguan 2015:Zhaoyuan 2011:Shandong 1979:Xianning 1937:Jinqimen 1925:Liaoning 1864:Zhejiang 1849:Shandong 1839:Liaoning 1789:Daya Bay 1712:20 March 1640:28 March 1618:17 March 1568:20 March 1176:20 March 1071:Archived 1042:Archived 1015:Archived 963:Archived 767:See also 611:Pakistan 252:Pakistan 160:Daya Bay 149:ACP-1000 129:ACPR1000 3238:FBR-600 3218:CFR-600 3213:BN-1200 2879:coolant 2806:Organic 2691:CANDU 9 2688:CANDU 6 2656:coolant 2617:ACP1000 2592:CAP1400 2530:Boiling 2224:CNP-600 2219:CNP-300 2194:ACP-600 2153:CFR-600 2122:Sichuan 2098:Yingtan 2095:Jiangxi 2089:Changde 2083:Xinyang 2080:Nanyang 2064:Pingnan 2061:Guangxi 2002:Jiangxi 1993:Jiangsu 1969:Haixing 1961:Bailong 1957:Guangxi 1929:Xudabao 1879:Qinshan 1854:Haiyang 1834:Tianwan 1829:Jiangsu 1809:Guangxi 1799:Taishan 1794:Ling Ao 1452:9 March 1429:9 March 1230:9 March 1103:9 March 1077:9 March 1021:7 April 995:7 April 805:Reuters 722:Planned 703:Status 630:Status 289:Status 125:ACP1000 84:HPR1000 45:Chinese 27:(red), 3283:Others 3223:Phénix 3208:BN-800 3203:BN-600 3198:BN-350 3027:HTR-PM 3022:HTR-10 3002:UHTREX 2967:Magnox 2962:(UNGG) 2855:Lucens 2850:KS 150 2587:ATMEA1 2567:AP1000 2550:Kerena 2333:Mining 2239:HTR-PM 2168:HTR-10 2112:Jingyu 2101:Ningdu 2049:Fujian 2046:Fuling 2035:Jiyang 2007:Pengze 1942:San'ao 1916:Lufeng 1894:Fujian 1874:Sanmen 1819:Hainan 1779:Ningde 1774:Fuqing 1769:Fujian 1706:NASDAQ 1474:19 May 1349:4 July 1048:23 May 889:Forbes 534:Lufeng 414:San'ao 373:Fuqing 244:San'Ao 228:Fuqing 97:Design 55:: 53:pinyin 47:: 3300:Piqua 3295:Arbus 3253:PRISM 2995:MHR-T 2990:GTMHR 2920:EGP-6 2915:AMB-X 2890:Water 2835:HWGCR 2774:HWLWR 2713:IPHWR 2684:CANDU 2545:ESBWR 2446:Solar 2354:Other 2178:HL-2M 2148:CFETR 2108:Jilin 2086:Hunan 2076:Henan 2068:Hebei 2052:Xiapu 2031:Anhui 1984:Hunan 1974:Hubei 1965:Hebei 1898:Xiapu 697:Name 624:Name 283:Name 270:China 3260:Lead 3243:CEFR 3233:PFBR 3115:None 2925:RBMK 2910:AM-1 2840:EL-4 2814:WR-1 2796:AHWR 2740:MZFR 2708:CVTR 2697:AFCR 2624:VVER 2582:APWR 2577:APR+ 2540:ABWR 2451:Wind 2163:HT-7 2158:EAST 2143:CEFR 2038:Wuhu 1714:2022 1688:2022 1642:2017 1620:2016 1598:2016 1570:2022 1476:2017 1454:2015 1431:2015 1351:2018 1319:2023 1258:2021 1232:2015 1178:2022 1105:2015 1079:2015 1050:2014 1023:2014 997:2014 971:2013 870:2021 844:2021 813:2021 603:2029 585:2029 145:CNNC 133:M310 64:lit. 49:华龙一号 39:The 3248:PFR 3039:PMR 3017:AVR 2939:Gas 2877:by 2845:KKN 2779:ATR 2694:EC6 2654:by 2602:EPR 2535:BWR 1132:doi 1128:143 925:doi 153:CGN 135:. 3372:: 2982:He 2948:CO 2824:CO 2745:R3 1704:. 1658:. 1586:. 1560:. 1542:. 1517:. 1492:. 1335:. 1248:. 1168:. 1126:. 1122:. 1058:^ 919:. 915:. 903:^ 887:. 861:. 832:. 821:^ 803:. 792:^ 61:; 51:; 3122:) 3118:( 2950:2 2902:O 2900:2 2898:H 2826:2 2766:O 2764:2 2762:H 2671:O 2669:2 2667:D 2487:e 2480:t 2473:v 1747:e 1740:t 1733:v 1716:. 1690:. 1668:. 1644:. 1622:. 1600:. 1572:. 1528:. 1503:. 1478:. 1456:. 1433:. 1389:. 1353:. 1321:. 1288:. 1274:. 1260:. 1234:. 1208:. 1194:. 1180:. 1154:. 1140:. 1134:: 1107:. 1081:. 1052:. 1025:. 999:. 973:. 947:. 933:. 927:: 921:2 897:. 872:. 846:. 815:. 719:3 591:2 573:1 553:6 538:5 518:3 503:2 488:1 468:2 453:1 433:2 418:1 395:6 377:5 356:4 340:3 320:4 305:3 43:(

Index


reactor pressure vessel
steam generators
pressurizer
Chinese
pinyin
Generation III
pressurized water nuclear reactor
China General Nuclear Power Group
China National Nuclear Corporation
Fuqing Nuclear Power Plant

China National Nuclear Corporation
China General Nuclear Power Group
ACP1000
ACPR1000
M310
CNNC
ACP-1000
CGN
ACPR-1000
Daya Bay
Generation III reactor
Bradwell B nuclear power station
Office for Nuclear Regulation
UK Environment Agency
Fuqing
Fangchenggang
Zhangzhou
Taipingling

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.