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Society of Public
Welfare created a permanent sub-committee called "The International Committee for Aid to Wounded in Situations of War". Composed of five Geneva citizens, this committee endorsed Dunant's vision to legally neutralize medical personnel responding to wounded soldiers. The constitutive conference of this committee in October 1863 created the statutory foundation of the International Committee of the Red Cross in their resolutions regarding national societies, caring for the wounded, their symbol, and most importantly the indispensable neutrality of ambulances, hospitals, medical personnel and the wounded themselves. Beyond this, in order to solidify humanitarian practice, the Geneva Society of Public Welfare hosted a convention between 8 and 22 August 1864 at the Geneva Town Hall with 16 diverse States present, including many governments of Europe, the Ottoman Empire, the United States of America (USA), Brazil and Mexico. This diplomatic conference was exceptional, not due to the number or status of its attendees but rather because of its very raison d'être. Unlike many diplomatic conferences before it, this conference's purpose was not to reach a settlement after a conflict nor to mediate between opposing interests; indeed this conference was to lay down rules for the future of conflict with aims to protect medical services and those wounded in battle.
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dying of disease than from battle wounds. Typhus, typhoid, cholera and dysentery were common in the army hospitals. Nightingale and her team established a kitchen, laundry and increased hygiene. More nurses arrived to aid in the efforts and the
General Hospital at Scutari was able to care for 6,000 patients. Nightingale's contributions still influence humanitarian aid efforts. This is especially true in regard to Nightingale's use of statistics and measures of mortality and morbidity. Nightingale used principles of new science and statistics to measure progress and plan for her hospital. She kept records of the number and cause of deaths in order to continuously improve the conditions in hospitals. Her findings were that in every 1,000 soldiers, 600 were dying of communicable and infectious diseases. She worked to improve hygiene, nutrition and clean water and decreased the mortality rate from 60% to 42% to 2.2%. All of these improvements are pillars of modern humanitarian intervention. Once she returned to Great Britain she campaigned for the founding of the Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She advocated for the use of statistics and coxcombs to portray the needs of those in conflict settings.
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second limitation is how humanitarian organizations are focused on a specific disaster or epidemic, without a plan for whatever might come next; international organizations frequently enter a region, provide short term aid, and then exit without ensuring local capacity to maintain or sustain this medical care. Finally, humanitarian medical aid assumes a biomedical approach which does not always account for the alternative beliefs and practices about health and well-being in the affected regions. This problem is rarely explored as most studies conducted are done from the lens of the donor or
Westernized humanitarian organization rather than the recipient country's perspective. Discovering ways of encouraging locals to embrace bio-medicine approaches while simultaneously respecting a given people's culture and beliefs remains a major challenge for humanitarian aid organizations; in particular as organizations constantly enter new regions as crises occur. However, understanding how to provide aid cohesively with existing regional approaches is necessary in securing the local peoples' acceptance of the humanitarian aid's work.
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ethnic polarization heightened this effect. However, since academic research on aid and conflict focuses on the role of aid in post-conflict settings, the aforementioned finding is difficult to contextualize. Nevertheless, research on Iraq shows that "small-scale , local aid spending ... reduces conflict by creating incentives for average citizens to support the government in subtle ways." Similarly, another study also shows that aid flows can "reduce conflict because increasing aid revenues can relax government budget constraints, which can increase military spending and deter opposing groups from engaging in conflict." Thus, the impact of humanitarian aid on conflict may vary depending upon the type and mode in which aid is received, and,
1355:, as well as those by the International Committee for Russian Relief joined extant humanitarian organizations in delivering food and medicine to Russia over the course of 1921 and 1922, at some points feeding over 10 millions Russians every day. With the United States left relatively untouched by World War I, its intensive private and public efforts in Russia constituted a clear expression of its new paramount soft power on the international stage, with power projection from European states having been either totally destroyed or severely limited in scope in the years following the conflict.
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related personnel, the requirement to care for and protect the sick and wounded during the conflict and something of particular symbolic importance to the
International Committee of the Red Cross: the Red Cross emblem. For the first time in contemporary history, it was acknowledged by a representative selection of states that war had limits. The significance only grew with time in the revision and adaptation of the Geneva Convention in 1906, 1929 and 1949; additionally, supplementary treaties granted protection to hospital ships, prisoners of war and most importantly to civilians in wartime.
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1232:: impartiality and neutrality. Dunant took these ideas and came up with two more ingenious concepts that would profoundly alter the practice of war; first Dunant envisioned a creation of permanent volunteer relief societies, much like the ad hoc relief group he coordinated in Solferino, to assist wounded soldiers; next Dunant began an effort to call for the adoption of a treaty which would guarantee the protection of wounded soldiers and any who attempted to come to their aid.
578:, food aid can have the unintended consequence of discouraging household-level production. Poor timing of aid and FFW wages that are above market rates cause negative dependency by diverting labor from local private uses, particularly if FFW obligations decrease labor on a household's own enterprises during a critical part of the production cycle. This type of disincentive impacts not only food aid recipients but also producers who sell to areas receiving food aid flows.
553:, driving down prices of the food aid commodity and its substitutes, but also increasing demand for complements. Most recipient economies are not robust and food aid inflows can cause large price decreases, decreasing producer profits, limiting producers' abilities to pay off debts and thereby diminishing both capacity and incentives to invest in improving agricultural productivity. However, food aid distributed directly or through FFW programs to households in northern
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aid being not only inefficacious but actually fuelling conflicts in the recipient countries. Aid stealing is one of the prime ways in which conflict is promoted by humanitarian aid. Aid can be seized by armed groups, and even if it does reach the intended recipients, "it is difficult to exclude local members of a local militia group from being direct recipients if they are also malnourished and qualify to receive aid."
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governments for global support and partnership to address natural disasters, wars, and other crises that impact people's health. Often, a humanitarian aid organization would clash with a government's approach to the unfolding domestic conflict. In such cases, humanitarian aid organizations have sought out autonomy to extend help regardless of political or ethnic affiliation.
376:. However, gaining secure access often involves negotiation and the practice of humanitarian diplomacy. In the arena of negotiations, humanitarian diplomacy is ostensibly used by humanitarian actors to try to persuade decision makers and leaders to act, at all times and in all circumstances, in the interest of vulnerable people and with full respect for fundamental
342:. The majority of aid is provided in the form of in-kind goods or assistance, with cash and vouchers constituting only 6% of total humanitarian spending. However, evidence has shown how cash transfers can be better for recipients as it gives them choice and control, they can be more cost-efficient and better for local markets and economies.
935:, a network of agencies working in the Humanitarian System, as 210,800 in 2008. This is made up of roughly 50% from NGOs, 25% from the Red Cross/Red Crescent Movement and 25% from the UN system. In 2010, it was reported that the humanitarian fieldworker population increased by approximately 6% per year over the previous 10 years.
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deployed, the increasingly unstable environments in which they work, and the erosion of the perception of neutrality and independence. In 2012 road travel was seen to be the most dangerous context, with kidnappings of aid workers quadrupling in the last decade, reaching more aid workers victims than any other form of attack.
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war and treatment of soldiers after they were injured or killed; in of themselves these accounts altered the course of history. Beyond this, in his two-week experience attending to the wounded soldiers of all nationalities, Dunant inadvertently established the vital conceptual pillars of what would later become the
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which is to ensure migrants and refugees retain access to basic goods and services and the labour market. Basic needs, including access to shelter, clean water, and child protection, are supplemented by the UN's efforts to facilitate social integration and legal regularization for displaced individuals.
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in June 1859, canceled his plans and began a relief response. Despite little to no experience as a medical physician, Dunant worked alongside local volunteers to assist the wounded soldiers from all warring parties, including
Austrian, Italian and French casualties, in any way he could including the
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have in recent years made great efforts to increase participation, accountability and transparency in dealing with aid, yet humanitarian assistance remains a poorly understood process to those meant to be receiving it—much greater investment needs to be made into researching and investing in relevant
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are more attractive than work on recipients' own farms/businesses, either because the FFW pays immediately, or because the household considers the payoffs to the FFW project to be higher than the returns to labor on its own plots. Food aid programs hence take productive inputs away from local private
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Aid workers are exposed to tough conditions and have to be flexible, resilient, and responsible in an environment that humans are not psychologically supposed to deal with, in such severe conditions that trauma is common. In recent years, a number of concerns have been raised about the mental health
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ethnic group allowed the arrival of international aid organizations only upon agreement not give aid to the Lendu (opposition of Hema). Humanitarian aid workers have acknowledged the threat of stolen aid and have developed strategies for minimizing the amount of theft en route. However, aid can fuel
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identify theft by armed forces on the ground as a primary unintended consequence through which food aid and other types of humanitarian aid promote conflict. Food aid usually has to be transported across large geographic territories and during the transportation it becomes a target for armed forces,
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FFW programs are often used to counter a perceived dependency syndrome associated with freely distributed food. However, poorly designed FFW programs may cause more risk of harming local production than the benefits of free food distribution. In structurally weak economies, FFW program design is not
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changed the world in a way that no one, let alone Dunant, could have foreseen nor truly appreciated at the time. To start, Dunant was able to profoundly stir the emotions of his readers by bringing the battle and suffering into their homes, equipping them to understand the current barbaric state of
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While some critics were questioning whether the sector will truly benefit from the implementation of yet another humanitarian standard, others have praised it for its simplicity. Most notably, it has replaced the core standards of the Sphere
Handbook and it is regularly referred to and supported by
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is the provision of emergency assistance and support to individuals and communities affected by armed conflict, with the aim of alleviating suffering, maintaining human dignity, and preserving life. This type of aid encompasses a wide range of services, including but not limited to, the delivery of
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Furthermore, analyzing the relationship between conflict and food aid, recent research shows that the United States food aid promoted civil conflict in recipient countries on average. An increase in United States' wheat aid increased the duration of armed civil conflicts in recipient countries, and
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In addition to post-conflict settings, a large portion of aid is often directed at countries currently undergoing conflicts. However, the effectiveness of humanitarian aid, particularly food aid, in conflict-prone regions has been criticized in recent years. There have been accounts of humanitarian
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provides guidelines for humanitarian actors on how be inclusive of gender when delivering humanitarian aid. It recommends agencies to collect data disaggregated by sex and age to better understand which group of the population is in need of what type of aid. In recent years, the United
Nations have
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Early attempts were in private hands and were limited in their financial and organizational capabilities. It was only in the 1980s, that global news coverage and celebrity endorsement were mobilized to galvanize large-scale government-led famine (and other forms of) relief in response to disasters
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is concluded to have led to an increase in violent conflict in the country. After the program's start, some municipalities experienced and statistically significant and large increase in casualties, as compared to other municipalities who were not part of the CDD. Casualties suffered by government
671:, where food aid is funneled to the Shabab, a Somali militant group that controls much of Southern Somalia. Moreover, reports reveal that Somali contractors for aid agencies have formed a cartel and act as important power brokers, arming opposition groups with the profits made from the stolen aid"
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How aid is delivered can affect the quality and quantity of aid. Often in disaster situations, international aid agencies work in hand with local agencies. There can be different arrangements on the role these agencies play, and such arrangement affects that quality of hard and soft aid delivered.
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After publishing his foundational text in 1862, progress came quickly for Dunant and his efforts to create a permanent relief society and
International Humanitarian Law. The embryonic formation of the International Committee of the Red Cross had begun to take shape in 1863 when the private Geneva
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and her team of 38 nurses arrived to
Barracks Hospital of Scutari where there were thousands of sick and wounded soldiers. Nightingale and her team watched as the understaffed military hospitals struggled to maintain hygienic conditions and meet the needs of patients. Ten times more soldiers were
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documented 139 humanitarian workers killed in intentional attacks out of the estimated global population of 569,700 workers. In every year since 2013, more than 100 humanitarian workers were killed. This is attributed to a number of factors, including the increasing number of humanitarian workers
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or, if they produce substitutes or the commodity received, they may sell more of it. This can be most easily understood by dividing a population in a food aid recipient area into subpopulations based on two criteria: whether or not they receive food aid (recipients vs. non-recipients) and whether
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operational activities, price changes, and trade displacement. These issues arise from targeting inefficacy and poor timing of aid programs. Food aid can harm producers by driving down prices of local products, whereas the producers are not themselves beneficiaries of food aid. Unintentional harm
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The UN implements a multifaceted approach to assist migrants and refugees throughout their relocation process. This includes children's integration into the local education system, food security, and access to health services. The approach also encompasses humanitarian transportation, the goal of
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Humanitarian medical aid as a sector possesses several limitations. First, multiple organizations often exist to solve the same problem. Rather than collaborating to address a given situation, organizations frequently interact as competitors, which creates bottlenecks of treatment and supplies. A
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There are different kinds of medical humanitarian aid, including: providing medical supplies and equipment; sending professionals to an affected region; and, long-term training for local medical staff. Such aid emerged when international organizations stepped in to respond to the need of national
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These results are consistent with other examples of humanitarian aid exacerbating civil conflict. One explanation is that insurgents attempt to sabotage CDD programs for political reasons – successful implementation of a government-supported project could weaken the insurgents' position. Related
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leads to an increase in the incidence of armed civil conflict in the recipient country. Another correlation demonstrated is food aid prolonging existing conflicts, specifically among countries with a recent history of civil conflict. However, this does not find an effect on conflict in countries
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if it was shipped on his planes. These shipments of humanitarian aid helped the rebel leader to circumvent the siege on Biafra placed by the
Nigerian government. These stolen shipments of humanitarian aid caused the Biafran civil war to last years longer than it would have without the aid, claim
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are distinct concepts. Humanitarian aid generally refers to the provision of immediate, short-term relief in crisis situations, such as food, water, shelter, and medical care. Humanitarian assistance, on the other hand, encompasses a broader range of activities, including longer-term support for
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for money to help the victims. The Shandong Famine Relief Committee was soon established, with those participating including diplomats, businessmen, as well as Christian missionaries, Catholic and Protestant alike. An international network was set up to solicit donations, ultimately bringing in
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The beginnings of organized international humanitarian aid can be traced to the late 19th century. Early campaigns include British aid to distressed populations on the continent and in Sweden during the Napoleonic Wars, and the international relief campaigns during the Great Irish Famine in the
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Criticism around humanitarian aid has persisted to claim that the distribution of aid in conflict zones poses significant ethical, legal, and operational challenges, particularly when it comes to the inadvertent support of terrorist organizations in regions controlled or influenced by terrorist
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in 2024, or 1 out of 27 people worldwide. In 2024, the estimated global humanitarian response requirements amount to approximately US$ 46.4 billion, targeting around 188 million of the most vulnerable people in 69 countries. The three major drivers of humanitarian needs worldwide are conflicts,
1334:, taking place in a country already immensely burdened with systemic agriculture and logistical struggles—then ravaged by successive periods of industrial war, blockade, bad harvests, the Russian Revolution, its resulting political restructuring and social upheaval, and then the insurgency and
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have been to various degrees blamed for the shocking severity of the famine, with critiques revolving around their laissez-faire attitude and the resulting lack of any adequate policy to address the mass death and suffering across the subcontinent, though meaningful relief measures began to be
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The first of the renowned Geneva Conventions was signed on 22 August 1864; never before in history has a treaty so greatly impacted how warring parties engage with one another. The basic tenents of the convention outlined the neutrality of medical services, including hospitals, ambulances, and
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It is important to note that humanitarian aid is not only delivered through aid workers sent by bilateral, multilateral or intergovernmental organizations, such as the United Nations. Actors like the affected people themselves, civil society, local informal first-responders, civil society, the
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to pen an open letter to the international community asking for relief for the Russian people. Despite the ongoing ideological, material, and military conflicts levied by both the new socialist state and the capitalist international community towards one another, efforts to aid the starving
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However, there is no clear consensus on the trade-offs between speed and control, especially in emergency situations when the humanitarian imperative of saving lives and alleviating suffering may conflict with the time and resources required to minimise corruption risks. Researchers at the
401:, the institutional and operational focus of humanitarian aid has been on leveraging technology to enhance humanitarian action, ensuring that more formal relationships are established, and improving the interaction between formal humanitarian organizations such as the United Nations (UN)
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meet to compile data and work on a humanitarian response plan. Throughout the plans. women specific challenges are listed and sex and age disaggregated data are used so when they deliver aid to a country facing a humanitarian crisis, girls and women can have access to the aid they need.
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In 2020, there was an exponential increase in humanitarian needs, with 235 million people, or 1 in 33 individuals globally, requiring humanitarian assistance and protection by the year's end. A report documented an 85% increase in humanitarian air during 2020 then the year before.
198:. The logic of food export inherently entails some effort to change consumers' preferences, to introduce recipients to new foods and thereby stimulate demand for foods with which recipients were previously unfamiliar or which otherwise represent only a small portion of their diet.
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from individuals, corporations, governments and other organizations. The funding and delivery of humanitarian aid is increasingly international, making it much faster, more responsive, and more effective in coping to major emergencies affecting large numbers of people (e.g. see
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Bugnion, Francois. "Birth of an Idea: The Founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: From Solferino to the Original Geneva Convention (1859–1864)." International Review of the Red Cross 94 (2013):
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Bugnion, Francois. "Birth of an Idea: The Founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: From Solferino to the Original Geneva Convention (1859–1864)." International Review of the Red Cross 94 (2013):
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Bugnion, Francois. "Birth of an Idea: The Founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: From Solferino to the Original Geneva Convention (1859–1864)." International Review of the Red Cross 94 (2013):
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Bugnion, Francois. "Birth of an Idea: The Founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: From Solferino to the Original Geneva Convention (1859–1864)." International Review of the Red Cross 94 (2013):
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Bugnion, Francois. "Birth of an Idea: The Founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: From Solferino to the Original Geneva Convention (1859–1864)." International Review of the Red Cross 94 (2013):
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Bugnion, Francois. "Birth of an Idea: The Founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: From Solferino to the Original Geneva Convention (1859–1864)." International Review of the Red Cross 94 (2013):
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Bugnion, Francois. "Birth of an Idea: The Founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: From Solferino to the Original Geneva Convention (1859–1864)." International Review of the Red Cross 94 (2013):
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ugnion, Francois. "Birth of an Idea: The Founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: From Solferino to the Original Geneva Convention (1859–1864)." International Review of the Red Cross 94 (2013):
1453:, the World Humanitarian Summit included participants from governments, civil society organizations, private organizations, and groups affected by humanitarian need. Issues that were discussed included: preventing and ending conflict, managing crises, and aid financing.
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Waste and corruption are hard to quantify, in part because they are often taboo subjects, but they appear to be significant in humanitarian aid. For example, it has been estimated that over $ 8.75 billion was lost to waste, fraud, abuse and mismanagement in the
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shows that higher-income households had excess labor and thus lower (not higher as expected) value of time, and therefore allocated this labor to FFW schemes in which poorer households could not afford to participate due to labor scarcity. Similarly, FFW programs in
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Bugnion, Francois. "Birth of an Idea: The Founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: From Solferino to the Original Geneva Convention (1859–1864)." International Review of the Red Cross 94
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Bugnion, Francois. "Birth of an Idea: The Founding of the International Committee of the Red Cross and of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement: From Solferino to the Original Geneva Convention (1859–1864)." International Review of the Red Cross 94
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findings of Beath, Christia, and Enikolopov further demonstrate that a successful community-driven development program increased support for the government in Afghanistan by exacerbating conflict in the short term, revealing an unintended consequence of the aid.
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Food aid is a type of aid whereby food that is given to countries in urgent need of food supplies, especially if they have just experienced a natural disaster. Food aid can be provided by importing food from the donor, buying food locally, or providing cash.
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Following the outburst of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, approximately 216 million individuals required humanitarian aid across 69 countries. Many efforts and reforms of humanitarian assistance were made following the pandemic to the Covid-19 pandemic.
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occurs when food aid arrives or is purchased at the wrong time, when food aid distribution is not well-targeted to food-insecure households, and when the local market is relatively poorly integrated with broader national, regional and global markets.
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without a recent history of civil conflict. Moreover, different types of international aid other than food which is easily stolen during its delivery, namely technical assistance and cash transfers, can have different effects on civil conflict.
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Internationally organized humanitarian aid efforts continued to be launched for the rest of the century, often with ever-greater logistical acumen and experience. In 1876, after a drought led to cascading crop failures across Northern China, a
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Reports of sexual exploitation and abuse in humanitarian response have been reported following humanitarian interventions in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone in 2002, in Central African Republic and in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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food, water, shelter, medical care, and protection services, and is delivered amidst challenging and often dangerous conditions, with the goal of reaching those most in need regardless of their location, political affiliation, or status.
225:(a locally distilled alcohol) fell significantly and consumption seems to have increased as a result. This was a result of grain food aid inflows increasing the availability of low-cost inputs to the informal distilling industry.
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they are net sellers or net buyers of food. Because the price they receive for their output is lower, however, net sellers are unambiguously worse off if they do not receive food aid or some other form of compensatory transfer.
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Clearly explain the processes during the targeting and registration stages, highlighting points such as the fact that people should not make payments to be included, photocopy and read aloud any lists prepared by leaders or
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exacerbate women's vulnerabilities. When delivering humanitarian aid, it is thus important for humanitarian actors, such as the United Nations, to include challenges specific to women in their humanitarian response. The
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The value of the stolen or lost provisions can exceed the value of the food aid alone since convoy vehicles and telecommunication equipment are also stolen. MSF Holland, international aid organization operating in
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652:, underscored the strategic importance of these goods, stating that these "vehicles and communications equipment have a value beyond their monetary worth for armed actors, increasing their capacity to wage war"
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The humanitarian community has initiated a number of interagency initiatives to improve accountability, quality and performance in humanitarian action. Four of the most widely known initiatives are, ALNAP, the
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induced millions of people in the West to donate money and to urge their governments to participate in the relief effort in Ethiopia. Some of the proceeds also went to the famine hit areas of Eritrea.
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Securing access to humanitarian aid in post-disasters, conflicts, and complex emergencies is a major concern for humanitarian actors. To win assent for interventions, aid agencies often espouse the
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that grant them immunity from attack by belligerent parties. However, attacks on humanitarian workers have occasionally occurred, and become more frequent since the 1990s and 2000s. In 2017, the
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The International Committee of the Red Cross exists to this day as the guardian of International Humanitarian Law and as one of the largest providers of humanitarian aid in the world.
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Recent research suggests that patterns of food aid distribution may inadvertently affect the natural environment, by changing consumption patterns and by inducing locational change in
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Intertwined with and informed efforts related to the profound destruction and disruption caused by World War I, including that of the Red Cross and Red Crescent organization, the
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supported 400 CDD programs in 94 countries, valued at US$ 30 billion. Academic research scrutinizes the effect of community-driven development programs on civil conflict. The
2022:. Easton, Matthew,, United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs,, Collaborative for Development Action., CDA Collaborative Learning Projects. . 2016.
1020:, which has strict parameters allowing for the data to be compared across the globe over time, producing useful analysis for the humanitarian, policy and academic community.
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diaspora, businesses, local governments, military, local and international non-governmental organizations all play a crucial role in a timely delivery of humanitarian aid.
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2021 reporting on a Racial Equity Index report indicated that just under two-thirds of aid workers have experienced racism and 98% of survey respondents witnessed racism.
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Barrett, Christopher B.; Clay, Daniel C. (1 June 2003). "Self-Targeting Accuracy in the Presence of Imperfect Factor Markets: Evidence from Food-for-Work in Ethiopia".
1078:(CHS). Representatives of these initiatives began meeting together on a regular basis in 2003 in order to share common issues and harmonise activities where possible.
530:. In order to be granted the right to monetize, operational agencies must demonstrate that the recipient country has adequate storage facilities and that the monetized
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Establish and verify the effectiveness of complaints mechanisms, paying close attention to local power structures, security and cultural factors hindering complaints;
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introduced towards the famine's end. Privately, a famine relief fund was set up in the United Kingdom, raising £426,000 within its first few months of operation.
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A famous instance of humanitarian aid unintentionally helping rebel groups occurred during the Nigeria-Biafra civil war in the late 1960s, where the rebel leader
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to help humanitarian organizations make sense of the vast volume and velocity of information generated during disasters. For example, crowdsourcing maps (such as
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1418:, resulted in the creation of the Humanitarian Cluster System, designed to improve coordination between humanitarian agencies working on the same issues.
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1128:(CHS). It was approved by the CHS Technical Advisory Group in 2014, and has since been endorsed by many humanitarian actors such as "the Boards of the
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is another database that includes attacks on humanitarian workers in addition to other conflict-related incidents. Insecurity Insight produces monthly
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What have been the impacts of World Bank Community-Driven Development Programs? CDD impact evaluation review and operational and research implications
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during the food crises of the mid-1970s and mid-1980s were widely believed to stimulate a shift in consumer demand from indigenous coarse grains –
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are decidedly mixed, underscoring the reality that it is impossible to generate only positive intended effects from an international aid program.
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groups. There have been several incidents where aid convoys were hijacked and looted to the terrorist groups in control. Humanitarian actions in
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123:, whose members are responsible for providing emergency relief. The four UN entities that have primary roles in delivering humanitarian aid are
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Measuring Historical Heat: Event, Performance, and Impact in China and the West. Symposium in Honour of Rudolf G. Wagner on His 60th Birthday
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broke out that lasted several years—during its course as many as 10 million people may have died from hunger and disease. British missionary
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which was produced by a coalition of leading non-governmental humanitarian agencies, lists the following principles of humanitarian action:
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and other activities. A pair of studies in Northern Kenya found that food aid distribution seems to induce greater spatial concentration of
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Barnett, Michael, and Weiss, Thomas. Humanitarianism in Question: Politics, Power, Ethics. (New York: Cornell University Press, 2008), 101.
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have shown to be an additional, not alternative, source of employment and that the very poor rarely participate due to labor constraints.
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Thurow, Roger, and Scott Kilman. 2009. Enough: Why the World's Poorest Starve in an Age of Plenty. New York: PublicAffairs. (pp.206)
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The Central Emergency Response Fund was created at the 2005 Central Emergency Response Fund at the United Nations General Assembly.
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Forsythe, David. The Humanitarians: The International Committee of the Red Cross. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 17.
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Forsythe, David. The Humanitarians: The International Committee of the Red Cross. (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 15.
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Stein, Eduardo; UNHCR; Refugees, IOM Joint Special Representative for; Venezuela, Migrants from; RMRP 2022, "Foreword" to the.
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provision of food, water, and medical supplies. His graphic account of the immense suffering he witnessed, written in his book
964:, with aid workers of the Global Development Professionals Network, revealed that 79 percent experienced mental health issues.
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government appropriation of food aid in the early 1990s was so problematic that aid shipments were canceled multiple times. In
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been using sex and age disaggregated data more and more, consulting with gender specialists. In the assessment phase, several
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2282:
804:
Countries or war parties that prevent humanitarian relief are generally under unanimous criticism. Such was the case for the
624:
in the early 1990s indicate that between 20 and 80 percent of all food aid was stolen, looted, or confiscated. In the former
523:
17:
4670:
3449:
3059:
2194:
1351:
population of Soviet Russia were intensive, deliberate, and effective. American efforts, led in large part future president
190:
Food aid that is relatively inappropriate to local uses can distort consumption patterns. Food aid is usually exported from
5853:
5618:
5333:
4898:
4883:
2988:
Crost, Benjamin; Felter, Joseph; Johnston, Patrick (June 2014). "Aid Under Fire: Development Projects and Civil Conflict".
1464:
124:
3512:
5878:
5328:
3602:
1457:
698:
conflict even if successfully delivered to the intended population as the recipient populations often include members of
632:
lost up to 30 percent of the total value of aid to Serbian armed forces. On top of that 30 percent, bribes were given to
302:(OCHA) coordinates the international humanitarian response to a crisis or emergency pursuant to Resolution 46/182 of the
245:
degradation, and that food aid provided as whole grain requires more cooking, and thus more fuelwood, stimulating local
5848:
5547:
5210:
3482:
2892:
1460:, including a commitment to spend 25% of aid funds directly through local and national humanitarian aid organizations.
837:
830:
955:
being caused by the simple knowledge that international aid workers can leave a crisis zone, whilst nationals cannot.
5792:
5531:
5117:
4772:
4536:
4431:
4297:
2945:
2859:
2642:
2598:
2027:
1685:
132:
4028:
Hosein Karimi, Negin Masoudi Alavi. Florence Nightingale: The Mother of Nursing. Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2015 Jun;4(2).
2126:
6090:
4324:
3976:
Hosein Karimi, Negin Masoudi Alavi. Florence Nightingale: The Mother of Nursing. Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2015 Jun;4(2)
1379:
566:
338:
Humanitarian aid spans a wide range of activities, including providing food aid, shelter, education, healthcare or
54:
709:
Academic research emphatically demonstrates that on average food aid promotes civil conflict. Namely, increase in
608:
the local socio-economic, cultural, historical, geographical and political conditions in the recipient countries.
5939:
5742:
5521:
5343:
3714:
3106:
1700:
McPeak J.G. (2003a) Analyzing and assessing localized degradation of the commons. Land Economics, 78(4): 515-536.
1331:
974:
474:
303:
295:
284:
120:
4449:
4365:
5823:
5608:
5481:
5338:
5227:
5178:
5105:
3069:
2677:
Enhancing Development Sustainability and Eliminating Food Aid Dependency: Lessons from the World Food Programme
1006:
990:
948:
920:
760:
751:
620:
especially in countries where the ruling government has limited control outside of the capital. Accounts from
369:
6105:
5496:
5300:
4888:
1606:
994:
128:
3748:
2319:"How sex- and age-disaggregated data and gender and generational analyses can improve humanitarian response"
808:
regime, preventing relief to the population of Tigray in the 1980s, and the prevention of relief aid in the
373:
6016:
5944:
5635:
5516:
3291:
2909:"Report of the Monitoring Group on Somalia pursuant to Security Council resolution 1853 (2008) (S/2010/91)"
1029:
1017:
1010:
717:
406:
152:
4048:
3830:
3082:"SEXUAL VIOLENCE AND EXPLOITATION: THE EXPERIENCE OF REFUGEE CHILDREN IN LIBERIA, GUINEA AND SIERRA LEONE"
5858:
5818:
5476:
5348:
4348:
1513:
1409:
1310:
1276:
4690:
4224:
1759:"Global Public-Private Health Partnerships: lessons learned from ten years of experience and evaluation"
6021:
5583:
5557:
5526:
4934:
4248:
Janku, Andrea (2001) "The North-China Famine of 1876–1879: Performance and Impact of a Non-Event." In:
2055:
2020:
Leaving no one behind : humanitarian effectiveness in the age of the sustainable development goals
616:
3316:
3216:
194:
zones and is often different than the staple crops grown in recipient countries, which usually have a
6080:
5990:
5959:
5782:
5506:
5402:
5323:
5171:
4982:
1573:
1551:
1432:
848:
risk legal implications, potentially being construed as support for terrorism or criminal complicity.
562:
4323:
Stoddard, Abby; Harmer, Adele; Haver, Katherine; Salomons, Dirk; Wheeler, Victoria (November 2007).
3002:
2536:
1740:
557:
during the lean season can foster increased purchase of agricultural inputs such as improved seeds,
5863:
5838:
5461:
3039:
Winning hearts and minds through development ? evidence from a field experiment in Afghanistan
2108:
1136:". It comprises nine core standards, which are complemented by detailed guidelines and indicators.
534:
will not result in a substantial disincentive in either domestic agriculture or domestic marketing.
4626:
306:. The need for aid is ever-increasing and has long outstripped the financial resources available.
5969:
5222:
4851:
1508:
1058:
377:
365:
339:
157:
119:(UN) is responsible for coordination responses to emergencies. It taps to the various members of
108:
92:
4671:"Protection work during armed conflict and other situations of violence: professional standards"
2431:
1633:
763:
have highlighted the need to tackle corruption with, but not limited to, the following methods:
380:. However, humanitarian diplomacy is also used by state actors as part of their foreign policy.
6085:
5949:
5471:
5100:
4893:
4866:
2997:
1523:
637:
550:
461:
65:
3988:
Joseph H. Choate. What Florence Nightingale Did for Mankind. Am J Nurs. 1911 Feb;11(5):346–57.
2884:
2719:
2458:
2303:
2070:
1713:
Fuelwood Gathering and Use in Northern Kenya: Implications for Food Aid and Local Environments
1660:
667:
The most well-known instances of aid being seized by local warlords in recent years come from
440:
to trace leads of missing people, infrastructure damages and rise new alerts for emergencies.
6095:
5954:
5911:
5833:
5696:
5456:
5263:
4987:
4918:
4913:
4765:
4392:"Localisation in the Context of UK Government Engagement With the Humanitarian Reform Agenda"
2318:
2298:
Aolain, Ni; D, Fionnuala (19 May 2010). "Women, Vulnerability and Humanitarian Emergencies".
1913:
1503:
1390:
describing "a biblical famine in the 20th Century" and "the closest thing to hell on Earth".
1313:. Retrospectively, authorities from across the administrative and colonial structures of the
1212:
1195:
1049:
An American soldier gives a young Pakistani girl a drink of water as they are airlifted from
924:
433:
398:
2476:
5625:
5392:
5063:
3893:"The Good Plumpuddings' Belief: British Voluntary Aid to Sweden During the Napoleonic Wars"
2737:
1498:
1166:
1045:
136:
80:, wars, and famines. The primary objective of humanitarian aid is to save lives, alleviate
68:
assistance, usually in the short-term, to people in need. Among the people in need are the
5491:
1206:
570:
production, creating a distortion due to substitution effects, rather than income effects.
8:
5964:
5573:
5257:
4265:
The great famine : [Report of the Committee of the China Famine Relief Fund]
1189:
449:
420:
and new platforms powered by advanced computing have already prompted the development of
359:
3853:
1173:
897:
Aid workers are people who are distributed internationally to do humanitarian aid work.
5466:
5274:
5088:
5073:
5038:
5017:
4992:
4969:
4871:
4805:
4781:
3873:
3421:
3134:
3060:
Need and greed: corruption risks, perceptions and prevention in humanitarian assistance
2788:
2707:
2587:
2567:
2517:
2446:
2248:
2090:
2045:
1894:
1845:
1791:
1765:. Live.Learn.Laugh. A Unique Global Public-Private Partnership to Improve Oral Health.
1758:
1728:
1648:
1244:
872:
720:
have become one of the most popular tools for delivering development aid. In 2012, the
682:
656:
4741:
3692:
330:
275:
6041:
5868:
5716:
5661:
5420:
5132:
4997:
4977:
4908:
4830:
4551:
4548:
Bureaucratizing the Good Samaritan: The Limitations of Humanitarian Relief Operations
4532:
4513:
4494:
4413:
4049:"The Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement"
3954:
3877:
3621:
3588:
3575:
3333:
3138:
3126:
3015:
2941:
2888:
2877:
2855:
2715:
2711:
2638:
2594:
2559:
2521:
2509:
2454:
2346:
2338:
2299:
2278:
2226:
2171:
2033:
2023:
1898:
1886:
1849:
1837:
1796:
1778:
1774:
1681:
1656:
1271:
1002:
931:
The total number of humanitarian aid workers around the world has been calculated by
747:
629:
527:
417:
191:
46:
4510:
Managing Humanitarian Relief: An Operational Guide for NGOs. Rugby: Practical Action
4298:"In 1984 Eritrea was part of Ethiopia, where some of the song's proceeds were spent"
2792:
2450:
2409:
2252:
2094:
1652:
6100:
5873:
5671:
5152:
5147:
5137:
4861:
4758:
4484:
4403:
3944:
3904:
3865:
3118:
3007:
2780:
2699:
2551:
2499:
2491:
2438:
2330:
2238:
2082:
1945:"Humanitarian Medical Aid to Developing Nations: A Recipient Country's Perspective"
1923:
1876:
1864:
1827:
1786:
1770:
1640:
1229:
469:
195:
96:
recovery, rehabilitation, and capacity building. Humanitarian aid is distinct from
77:
5048:
4750:
4268:. Cornell University Library. Shanghai : American Presbyterian Mission Press.
3869:
3107:"Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by Intervention Forces in Central African Republic"
582:
as simple as determining the appropriate wage rate. Empirical evidence from rural
5916:
5701:
5676:
5666:
5217:
5142:
5083:
5068:
5043:
5022:
4571:
3909:
3892:
3854:"Rationales of Humanitarianism: The Case of British Relief to Germany, 1805–1815"
3797:"The Sphere Project | New online course on the Core Humanitarian Standard | News"
3569:
3223:
3066:
3034:
2935:
2849:
2703:
2659:
2632:
2615:
2275:
Digital Humanitarians: How Big Data is Changing the Face of Humanitarian Response
1675:
1318:
1290:
1200:
1105:
952:
913:
887:
542:
437:
97:
31:
6055:
3191:
1816:"Moral Entanglement and the Ethics of Closing Humanitarian Medical Aid Projects"
951:(PTSD). Adjustment to normal life again can be a problem, with feelings such as
6026:
6000:
5843:
5721:
5711:
5691:
5486:
5122:
3666:
3504:
1352:
1343:
1133:
1087:
1071:
986:
813:
703:
457:
421:
116:
101:
4432:"Humanitarian financing in the context of the Covid-19 (coronavirus) pandemic"
4263:
3571:
Necessary Risks: Professional Humanitarianism and Violence against Aid Workers
3192:"Almost two-thirds of aid workers have experienced racism, research indicates"
2243:
1832:
1815:
1456:
Attendees at the summit agreed a series of reforms on aid spending called the
1239:
1016:
The foremost collector of data on attacks against humanitarian workers is the
6074:
5706:
5053:
4417:
4408:
4391:
3474:
3166:"WHO employees took part in Congo sex abuse during Ebola crisis, report says"
3130:
3019:
2563:
2513:
2342:
2037:
1890:
1841:
1782:
1493:
1387:
1335:
845:
425:
246:
85:
4261:
1437:
6060:
5995:
5985:
5896:
5797:
5686:
5552:
5252:
5078:
5058:
5002:
4903:
4878:
4840:
4835:
3011:
2784:
2350:
1800:
1185:
1184:
The most well-known origin story of formalized humanitarian aid is that of
1111:
1067:
1050:
960:
733:
forces as a result of insurgent-initiated attacks increased significantly.
729:
699:
575:
503:
69:
4489:
4002:
Elizabeth Fee, Mary E. Garofalo. Florence Nightingale and the Crimean War.
3949:
3235:
3122:
1309:
Simultaneously in India, another campaign was launched in response to the
689:
Party membership cards before being given government food aid. In eastern
5656:
5501:
4825:
4733:
3497:
3386:"House committee calls UNRWA chief to testify on alleged Hamas aid theft"
2442:
1928:
1881:
1644:
1450:
1415:
1347:
1314:
1306:, the equivalent of $ 7–10 million if valued at 2012 silver prices.
982:
725:
694:
686:
515:
479:
453:
179:
3352:
3334:"Creating Hope in Conflict: A Humanitarian Grand Challenge | Basic Page"
2535:
Bezuneh, Mesfin; Deaton, Brady J.; Norton, George W. (1 February 1988).
1140:
officials from the United Nations, the EU, various NGOs and institutes.
502:
Some of the unintended effects of food aid include labor and production
5726:
4810:
4481:
Humanitarianism in the Modern World: The Moral Economy of Famine Relief
3941:
Humanitarianism in the Modern World: The Moral Economy of Famine Relief
2736:
Berman, Eli; Felter, Joe; Shapiro, Jacob; Troland, Erin (26 May 2013).
2571:
2334:
1397:
909:
883:
809:
721:
625:
558:
549:
Finally, recipients may sell food aid to purchase other necessities or
3641:
3142:
2504:
1445:
The first global summit on humanitarian diplomacy was held in 2016 in
868:
5681:
5651:
5630:
4658:
4190:
3377:
3273:"Ethiopia's Tigray crisis: Why it's hard getting aid into the region"
1262:
1178:
1153:
1054:
1028:
reports that highlight attacks during the month from news media, the
538:
531:
405:(OCHA) and informal volunteer and technological communities known as
242:
238:
81:
4590:
4016:
Understanding Uncertainty. Florence Nightingale and the Crimean War.
3772:"Core Humanitarian Standard: do NGOs need another set of standards?"
3360:"Navigating humanitarian action in counter-terrorism settings | MSF"
3272:
2833:, vol. 104, no. 6, 2014, pp. 1630–1666., doi:10.1257/aer.104.6.1630.
2555:
857:
156:
of OCHA, nearly 300 million people need humanitarian assistance and
5163:
5127:
5012:
4949:
4815:
4800:
3255:"U.S. aid chief to travel to Ethiopia in diplomatic push on Tigray"
2495:
2410:
Ralyea, B.; Food Aid Management Monetization Working Group (1999).
2086:
1446:
1393:
1298:
1294:
817:
678:
588:
583:
492:
413:
290:
3926:
Charity and the Great Hunger in Ireland: The Kindness of Strangers
4954:
4820:
4634:
4450:"Global Annual Results Report 2020: Humanitarian Action | UNICEF"
1943:
Jammihal, Ravindra; Ralte, Harry; Roy, Nobhojit (February 2009).
1267:
879:
770:
Continue to invest in audit capacity, beyond simple paper trails;
668:
633:
621:
429:
234:
222:
210:
73:
4939:
4280:"How a Report on Ethiopia's 'Biblical Famine' Changed the World"
2829:
Nunn, Nathan, and Nancy Qian. "US Food Aid and Civil Conflict".
2806:
Qian, Nancy (18 August 2014). "Making Progress on Foreign Aid".
1092:
Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response,
5397:
4614:
3292:"The impact of humanitarian aid on conflict development - ICRC"
2617:
Feeding dependency, starving democracy: USAID policies in Haiti
1297:
in the summer of 1876 and appealed to the foreign community in
916:
891:
876:
861:
710:
674:
660:
649:
206:
42:
4679:"The Center for Disaster and Humanitarian Assistance Medicine"
4629:. International Committee of the Red Cross. 20 September 2004.
947:
The most prevalent issue faced by humanitarian aid workers is
5613:
5578:
5511:
4959:
4944:
4332:
2202:
1865:"The trouble with inequalities in global health partnerships"
1370:
1303:
932:
690:
554:
537:
Second, households receiving aid may decrease demand for the
218:
214:
202:
4714:
4698:
4579:"Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance"
3217:
Rule 55. Access for Humanitarian Relief to Civilians in Need
2631:
Lappé, Frances Moore; Collins, Joseph; Fowler, Cary (1979).
1449:, Turkey. An initiative of United Nations Secretary-General
5787:
5292:
4795:
4322:
1382:
caused upwards of 1 million deaths and was documented by a
1363:
1266:
A contemporary print showing the distribution of relief in
805:
740:
645:
50:
4673:. International Committee of the Red Cross. December 2009.
4627:"The Code of Conduct: humanitarian principles in practice"
4479:
Götz, Norbert; Brewis, Georgina; Werther, Steffen (2020).
3939:
Götz, Norbert; Brewis, Georgina; Werther, Steffen (2020).
3475:"Health – The university course giving aid to aid workers"
3467:
2735:
1543:
317:
4602:
3539:
research suggests mental health crisis among aid workers"
2412:
P.L. 480 Title II Cooperating Sponsor Monetization Manual
2152:
1674:
Barrett, Christopher Brendan; Maxwell, Daniel G. (2005).
1607:"Global Humanitarian Overview 2024 | Humanitarian Action"
1383:
1367:
685:
documented examples of residents being forced to display
507:
465:
452:, gender differences exist. Women have limited access to
4578:
1126:
Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability
1112:
Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability
1076:
Core Humanitarian Standard on Quality and Accountability
1022:
Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED)
321:
Truck for delivery of aid from Western to Eastern Europe
4678:
4574:: 2,505 organizations active in the humanitarian sector
3032:
2851:
The Crisis Caravan: What's Wrong with Humanitarian Aid?
2613:
2317:
Mazurana, Dyan; Benelli, Prisca; Walker, Peter (2013).
2150:
1993:"United Nations Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF)"
1338:
of the Russian Civil War that followed. In the nascent
497:
178:
The welfare impacts of any food aid-induced changes in
91:
While often used interchangeably, humanitarian aid and
4646:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2614:
Richardson, Laurie; International, Grassroots (1997).
2153:"RMRP 2022 – FOR REFUGEES AND MIGRANTS FROM VENEZUELA"
1293:
first called international attention to the famine in
1116:
788:
Sexual exploitation and abuse in humanitarian response
4529:
The Humanitarian Enterprise: Dilemmas and Discoveries
4262:
China Famine Relief Fund. Shanghai Committee (1879).
3236:"Ethiopia : a country study | WorldCat.org"
2937:
Aiding Violence: The Development Enterprise in Rwanda
2316:
2227:"Humanitarian Technology: A Critical Research Agenda"
823:
3715:"HAP and People In Aid merge to become CHS Alliance"
3164:
Farge, Emma; Holland, Hereward (29 September 2021).
1101:
The distinction between combatant and non-combatants
228:
111:. In reaching out to international communities, the
27:
Material or logistical assistance for people in need
4780:
4346:
3642:"About the data | The Aid Worker Security Database"
2987:
2752:
2534:
2386:"Humanitarian Response Plan | HumanitarianResponse"
403:
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
300:
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
113:
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
5280:International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission
2876:
2630:
2589:Against the grain: the dilemma of project food aid
2586:
1965:
1346:allowed his personal friend and acclaimed thinker
636:forces to pass their roadblocks in order to reach
4478:
3938:
3505:"Health – Aid workers lack psychological support"
334:World Food Programme distributing food in Liberia
161:climate-related disasters, and economic factors.
6072:
6037:United Nations response to the COVID-19 pandemic
4738:"A Bed for the Night: Humanitarianism in Crisis"
4726:
2879:Empire of Humanity: A History of Humanitarianism
2277:. E-Book: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
1942:
781:
594:
2432:Food Aid's Intended and Unintended Consequences
2127:"Humanitarian Diplomacy: A New Research Agenda"
1634:Food Aid's Intended and Unintended Consequences
611:
312:
185:
107:Humanitarian aid can come from either local or
4347:Rousseau, Elise; Sommo Pende, Achille (2020).
1677:Food Aid After Fifty Years: Recasting Its Role
1673:
443:
241:around distribution points, causing localized
5179:
4766:
4647:"EM-DAT: The International Disaster Database"
4526:
4024:
4022:
4012:
4010:
4008:
3998:
3996:
3994:
3984:
3982:
3972:
3970:
2365:"The Gender Handbook for Humanitarian Action"
2189:
2187:
526:of food aid can flood the market, increasing
392:
201:Massive shipments of wheat and rice into the
30:"Succour" redirects here. For the album, see
6032:Humanitarian Networks and Partnerships Weeks
4572:The Humanitarian Organisations Dataset (HOD)
4545:
4512:. Practical Action/Intermediate Technology.
4215:
3364:Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International
3317:"THE EUROPEAN CONSENSUS ON HUMANITARIAN AID"
3163:
2477:"Does Food Aid Stabilize Food Availability?"
2218:
2069:Henderson, J. Vernon; Lee, Yong Suk (2015).
2068:
1426:
1340:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
4507:
4389:
3105:Mwanyika, Elijah Mwasi (25 February 2021).
2854:. Henry Holt and Company. pp. 96–104.
2689:
2584:
2176:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1757:Buse, Kent; Tanaka, Sonja (1 August 2011).
1752:
1750:
718:Community-driven development (CDD) programs
383:
252:
146:Humanitarian aid being distributed in Haiti
5589:Yemen Relief and Reconstruction Foundation
5186:
5172:
5008:Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis
4773:
4759:
4019:
4005:
3991:
3979:
3967:
3252:
2544:American Journal of Agricultural Economics
2184:
2050:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1814:Hunt, Matthew; Miao, Jingru (April 2017).
1756:
1519:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action
1124:Another humanitarian standard used is the
514:Food aid can drive down local or national
4488:
4483:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4407:
3948:
3943:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3908:
3693:"Insecurity Insight » Aid in Danger"
3411:"State of the Humanitarian System report"
3338:U.S. Agency for International Development
3001:
2731:
2729:
2674:
2503:
2242:
2120:
2118:
1927:
1911:
1880:
1831:
1790:
767:Resist the pressure to spend aid rapidly.
4603:"CE-DAT: The Complex Emergency Database"
4195:International Committee of the Red Cross
3567:
3104:
2763:
2661:Politics of food aid: case of Bangladesh
2484:Economic Development and Cultural Change
2475:Barrett, Christopher B. (January 2001).
2430:Barrett, Christopher B. (1 March 2006).
2075:Economic Development and Cultural Change
1813:
1747:
1632:Barrett, Christopher B. (1 March 2006).
1436:
1362:
1261:
1238:
1226:International Committee of the Red Cross
1205:
1172:
1152:
1115:
1044:
904:
867:
856:
741:Waste and corruption in humanitarian aid
659:only allowed aid to enter the region of
329:
316:
274:
141:
36:
4591:"APCN (Africa Partner Country Network)"
4390:Goodwin, Ellen; Ager, Alastair (2021).
4252:. Heidelberg, 3–4 November, pp. 127–134
3923:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3048:
2874:
2634:Food First: Beyond the Myth of Scarcity
2474:
2429:
2297:
2224:
2146:
2144:
2071:"Organization of Disaster Aid Delivery"
1631:
1396:, a 1985 fund-raising effort headed by
1199:, became a foundational text to modern
1130:Humanitarian Accountability Partnership
938:
14:
6073:
4732:
4363:
3769:
3626:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3485:from the original on 25 September 2015
3439:"The State of the Humanitarian System"
3289:
2847:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2726:
2115:
2008:
2006:
1919:Cambridge Encyclopedia of Anthropology
1862:
1709:
1120:Logo of the Core Humanitarian Standard
755:and effective accountability systems.
486:
353:
325:
217:. During the 2000 drought in northern
5167:
4862:Charitable trust / Registered charity
4754:
4531:. West Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press.
3515:from the original on 26 December 2002
3296:International Review of the Red Cross
3189:
3111:African Journal of Empirical Research
3094:from the original on 8 November 2021.
2983:
2981:
2969:
2883:. Cornell University Press. pp.
2657:
2585:Jackson, Tony; Eade, Deborah (1982).
2470:
2468:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2272:
2231:International Review of the Red Cross
2124:
1325:
912:citizens offload food rations from a
864:humanitarian aid, ready for deploying
5619:The State of the Humanitarian System
5193:
4899:Public-benefit nonprofit corporation
4884:Mutual-benefit nonprofit corporation
3890:
3851:
3209:
3045:
2933:
2805:
2141:
1601:
1599:
1465:Localisation (humanitarian practice)
1257:
1165:In 1854, when the Crimean War began
799:
706:, or aid is "taxed" by such groups.
561:and hired labor, thereby increasing
498:Economic distortions due to food aid
125:United Nations Development Programme
100:, which seeks to address underlying
4691:"The ODI Humanitarian Policy Group"
4615:"Centre for Safety and Development"
3383:
3253:Psaledakis, Daphne (30 July 2021).
3037:; Enikolopov, Ruben (1 July 2012).
2848:Polman, Linda (14 September 2010).
2836:
2818:
2003:
1959:
1373:airdropping food during 1985 famine
1011:Aid Worker Security Database (AWSD)
464:, such as rape and domestic abuse.
24:
5924:The State of the World's Cash 2020
5849:Central African Republic Civil War
4472:
4366:"Is the Grand Bargain a Big Deal?"
4218:"Pictures to Draw Tears from Iron"
3858:Journal of Modern European History
3770:Purvis, Katherine (11 June 2015).
3741:"Frequently Asked Questions – CHS"
3549:from the original on 28 April 2017
3420:. 2010. p. 18. Archived from
2978:
2764:Nunn, Nathan; Qian, Nancy (2014).
2465:
2418:
2225:Sandvik, Kristin (December 2014).
1966:Hendrik Slusarenka (20 May 2018).
1912:Khalikova, Venera (17 June 2021).
1625:
1584:from the original on 19 March 2018
1554:from the original on 19 March 2018
838:Humanitarian aid in conflict zones
831:Humanitarian aid in conflict zones
824:Humanitarian aid in conflict zones
270:
25:
6117:
5793:Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
5532:Koyamada International Foundation
5118:Master of Nonprofit Organizations
4565:
4304:from the original on 22 June 2011
2875:Barnett, Michael (3 March 2011).
2748:from the original on 23 May 2017.
2738:"Effective aid in conflict zones"
2679:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University.
2537:"Food Aid Impacts in Rural Kenya"
1949:Prehospital and Disaster Medicine
1820:Prehospital and Disaster Medicine
1596:
1210:Cover of the original edition of
1081:
565:.Labor distortion can arise when
541:received or for locally produced
229:Natural resource overexploitation
49:during an emergency situation in
6054:
4442:
4424:
4383:
4357:
4340:
4316:
4290:
4272:
4255:
4242:
4209:
4183:
4173:
4163:
4046:
2766:"US Food Aid and Civil Conflict"
1972:D+C, development and cooperation
1775:10.1111/j.1875-595X.2011.00034.x
973:This section is an excerpt from
829:This section is an excerpt from
55:Democratic Republic of the Congo
5940:Attacks on humanitarian workers
5344:Inter-Agency Standing Committee
4782:Charitable giving and practices
4153:
4143:
4133:
4123:
4113:
4104:
4094:
4084:
4074:
4065:
4040:
4031:
3932:
3917:
3884:
3845:
3815:
3789:
3763:
3733:
3707:
3685:
3659:
3634:
3561:
3527:
3431:
3403:
3326:
3309:
3290:Perrin, Pierre (30 June 1998).
3283:
3265:
3246:
3228:
3183:
3157:
3098:
3074:
3026:
2963:
2954:
2927:
2913:United Nations Security Council
2901:
2868:
2799:
2683:
2668:
2651:
2624:
2607:
2578:
2528:
2403:
2378:
2357:
2310:
2291:
2266:
2101:
2062:
2012:
1985:
1936:
1905:
1856:
975:Attacks on humanitarian workers
886:who successfully developed the
728:' flagship development program
617:International aid organizations
475:Inter-Agency Standing Committee
428:) and social media messages in
304:United Nations General Assembly
296:Central Emergency Response Fund
285:Central Emergency Response Fund
121:Inter-Agency Standing Committee
5955:Health Care In Danger Campaign
5854:Western African Ebola outbreak
5482:International Rescue Committee
5339:Humanitarian-Development Nexus
5228:International humanitarian law
5106:List of charitable foundations
4396:Frontiers in Political Science
3070:Overseas Development Institute
2940:. Kumarian Press. p. 90.
2692:Journal of Development Studies
2109:"Humanitarianism: An Overview"
1863:Fourie, Carina (15 May 2018).
1807:
1703:
1694:
1667:
1566:
1536:
1230:International Humanitarian Law
1098:The right to life with dignity
1007:international humanitarian law
949:post-traumatic stress disorder
921:11th Marine Expeditionary Unit
900:
852:
761:Overseas Development Institute
752:Non-governmental organizations
261:
133:United Nations Children's Fund
13:
1:
5902:Sexual exploitation and abuse
5301:History of the United Nations
4889:Non-governmental organization
4727:Critiques of humanitarian aid
4325:"Cluster Approach Evaluation"
3870:10.17104/1611-8944_2014_2_186
3823:"Statements of support – CHS"
3384:Rod, Marc (19 January 2024).
2390:www.humanitarianresponse.info
1968:"Aid in itself is not enough"
1529:
1132:(HAP), People in Aid and the
782:Abuse of power by aid workers
595:Increasing existing conflicts
129:United Nations Refugee Agency
6017:2015 European migrant crisis
5945:Aid Worker Security Database
5819:Great Indian Famine of 1870s
5636:Global Humanitarian Overview
3910:10.1080/07075332.2014.918559
3897:International History Review
3827:corehumanitarianstandard.org
3745:corehumanitarianstandard.org
3261:– via www.reuters.com.
2970:Susan, Wong (1 March 2012).
2704:10.1080/00220380412331333189
2658:Molla, Md Gyasuddin (1990).
1869:Medicine Anthropology Theory
1763:International Dental Journal
1710:McPeak, John G. (May 2003).
1414:A 2004 reform initiative by
1040:
1018:Aid Worker Security Database
820:was again widely condemned.
612:Increasing conflict duration
567:Food-For-Work (FFW) Programs
313:Delivery of humanitarian aid
186:Changed consumption patterns
153:Global Humanitarian Overview
7:
5477:International Medical Corps
5349:Humanitarian Cluster System
4550:. Boulder: Westview Press.
4364:Parker, Ben (24 May 2016).
4216:Edgerton-Tarpley, Kathryn.
3924:Kinealy, Christine (2013).
2620:. Grassroots International.
1514:Humanitarian Response Index
1487:
1410:Humanitarian Cluster System
1332:Russian famine of 1921–1922
1277:The Illustrated London News
958:A 2015 survey conducted by
444:Gender and humanitarian aid
213:– to western crops such as
169:
10:
6122:
6022:Detention Centres in Libya
5907:Core Humanitarian Standard
5584:Network for Refugee Voices
5558:Global Refugee-Led Network
5059:Charity / thrift / op shop
4935:Charity (Christian virtue)
2808:Annual Review of Economics
2195:"UNHCR Global Report 2020"
2125:Lauri, Antonio De (2018).
1574:"Deliver Humanitarian Aid"
1462:
1430:
1407:
1380:1983–85 famine in Ethiopia
1148:
1143:
972:
967:
828:
785:
490:
460:, and are more exposed to
393:Use of technology and data
357:
282:
29:
6050:
6009:
5991:International development
5978:
5960:Kunduz hospital airstrike
5932:
5887:
5806:
5735:
5644:
5601:
5566:
5540:
5507:Norwegian Refugee Council
5449:
5411:
5370:
5361:
5324:World Humanitarian Summit
5314:
5290:
5243:
5236:
5201:
5031:
4983:Animal Charity Evaluators
4968:
4927:
4849:
4788:
3222:15 September 2021 at the
2437:(Report). Rochester, NY.
2244:10.1017/S1816383114000344
1833:10.1017/S1049023X17001376
1639:(Report). Rochester, NY.
1433:World Humanitarian Summit
1427:World Humanitarian Summit
630:UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR)
563:agricultural productivity
109:international communities
5864:South Sudanese Civil War
5839:2011 East Africa drought
5497:Médecins Sans Frontières
5462:Catholic Relief Services
4409:10.3389/fpos.2021.687063
3041:(Report). pp. 1–33.
2990:American Economic Review
2974:(Report). pp. 1–93.
2831:American Economic Review
2773:American Economic Review
2675:Salisbury, L.N. (1992).
1478:
1421:
1403:
1358:
999:Red Cross / Red Crescent
518:in at least three ways.
384:United Nations' response
253:Medical humanitarian aid
164:
6091:Government aid programs
5970:Dolo hospital airstrike
5814:Chinese Famine of 1870s
5306:1951 Refugee Convention
5223:Humanitarian principles
4436:Development initiatives
3568:Stoddard, Abby (2020).
2273:Meier, Patrick (2015).
1611:humanitarianaction.info
1509:Humanitarian protection
1311:Great Famine of 1876–78
1190:the Battle of Solferino
1059:2005 Kashmir earthquake
378:humanitarian principles
93:humanitarian assistance
45:worker is distributing
5950:World Humanitarian Day
5824:Ethiopian famine 1980s
5602:Analysis and reporting
5472:Danish Refugee Council
5450:International agencies
5101:Ethics of philanthropy
5094:Psychological barriers
4894:Nonprofit organization
4663:thenewhumanitarian.org
4659:"The New Humanitarian"
4635:"Doctors of the World"
4527:Minear, Larry (2002).
4350:Humanitarian diplomacy
3891:Götz, Norbert (2014).
3852:Götz, Norbert (2014).
3574:. Palgrave Macmillan.
3448:. 2010. Archived from
3012:10.1257/aer.104.6.1833
2785:10.1257/aer.104.6.1630
2664:. Academic Publishers.
1524:World Humanitarian Day
1442:
1378:around the world. The
1374:
1281:
1247:
1217:
1181:
1158:
1121:
1062:
1001:are among the list of
928:
894:
865:
335:
322:
298:). The United Nations
280:
147:
58:
5912:Sphere (organization)
5834:2010 Haiti earthquake
5697:Rachel Kiddell-Monroe
5457:Action Against Hunger
5431:The Federation (IFRC)
5264:A Memory of Solferino
4919:Voluntary association
4914:Religious corporation
4546:Waters, Tony (2001).
4490:10.1017/9781108655903
4353:. Palgrave Macmillan.
3950:10.1017/9781108655903
3928:. London: Bloomsbury.
3646:aidworkersecurity.org
3196:www.thirdsector.co.uk
3123:10.51867/ajer.v2i1.14
2054:) CS1 maint: others (
1504:Humanitarian corridor
1440:
1366:
1265:
1242:
1221:A Memory of Solferino
1213:A Memory of Solferino
1209:
1196:A Memory of Solferino
1176:
1156:
1119:
1048:
925:Tropical Cyclone Sidr
908:
871:
860:
462:Gender based violence
434:2010 Haiti Earthquake
432:were used during the
407:digital humanitarians
399:2010 Haiti Earthquake
333:
320:
278:
145:
40:
18:Humanitarian response
6106:Emergency management
5626:The New Humanitarian
5064:Click-to-donate site
4928:Charity and religion
4508:James, Eric (2008).
4370:The New Humanitarian
3427:on 14 December 2010.
3190:Delahunty, Stephen.
3065:26 June 2015 at the
3058:Sarah Bailey (2008)
2934:Uvin, Peter (1998).
2637:. Ballantine Books.
2443:10.2139/ssrn.1142286
1929:10.29164/21medplural
1882:10.17157/mat.5.2.525
1680:. Psychology Press.
1645:10.2139/ssrn.1142286
1499:Emergency management
1167:Florence Nightingale
939:Psychological issues
812:of 2020–2021 by the
576:disincentive effects
493:Aid § Criticism
137:World Food Programme
5965:Airstrikes on Yemen
5258:Battle of Solferino
4736:; Myers, Joanne J.
4639:medecinsdumonde.org
4619:centreforsafety.org
3608:on 10 November 2013
3215:ICRC IHL dababase:
3145:on 19 November 2021
1914:"Medical pluralism"
1580:. 7 December 2014.
487:Problematic aspects
450:humanitarian crisis
412:The recent rise in
360:Humanitarian access
354:Humanitarian access
326:Methods of delivery
5736:Donors and funding
5441:Protective Emblems
5436:National Societies
5413:Red Cross Movement
5275:Geneva Conventions
5270:Red Cross Movement
5244:1850s, Creation of
5089:Effective altruism
5074:Donor-advised fund
5039:Alternative giving
5018:Giving What We Can
4993:Charity assessment
4970:Charity evaluation
4806:Charity (practice)
4701:on 8 February 2006
4286:. 23 October 2014.
3695:. 15 December 2018
3455:on 2 February 2021
3340:. 10 December 2022
2335:10.1111/disa.12013
1443:
1375:
1326:Early 20th century
1282:
1248:
1245:Geneva Conventions
1218:
1182:
1159:
1122:
1063:
929:
895:
866:
683:Human Rights Watch
416:, high-resolution
336:
323:
281:
203:West African Sahel
148:
59:
6068:
6067:
6042:Aid effectiveness
5933:Aid worker safety
5869:Rohingya genocide
5807:Major emergencies
5717:Michael Bloomberg
5662:Christos Christou
5597:
5596:
5522:Save the Children
5492:Médecins du Monde
5421:Seville Agreement
5357:
5356:
5211:in conflict zones
5161:
5160:
5133:Visiting the sick
4998:Charity Navigator
4978:Aid effectiveness
4909:Social enterprise
4831:Humanity (virtue)
4744:on 30 March 2007.
4557:978-0-813-36790-3
4519:978-1-853-39669-4
4500:978-1-108-65590-3
3960:978-1-108-65590-3
3801:sphereproject.org
3581:978-3-030-26410-9
2284:978-1-4987-2652-8
1769:(Suppl 2): 2–10.
1613:. 8 December 2023
1470:COVID-19 Pandemic
1272:Madras Presidency
1258:Late 19th century
1104:The principle of
1003:protected persons
800:Contrary practice
748:Hurricane Katrina
693:, leaders of the
470:natural disasters
456:, are at risk of
418:satellite imagery
289:Aid is funded by
192:temperate climate
150:According to the
135:(UNICEF) and the
78:natural disasters
76:, and victims of
47:high-calorie food
16:(Redirected from
6113:
6081:Humanitarian aid
6061:World portal
6059:
6058:
6010:Related articles
5879:Yemeni Civil War
5874:Syrian civil war
5672:Martin Griffiths
5368:
5367:
5241:
5240:
5206:Humanitarian aid
5195:Humanitarian aid
5188:
5181:
5174:
5165:
5164:
5153:Warm-glow giving
5148:Wall of kindness
5138:Voluntary sector
4775:
4768:
4761:
4752:
4751:
4745:
4740:. Archived from
4722:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4697:. Archived from
4686:
4674:
4666:
4654:
4642:
4630:
4622:
4610:
4598:
4586:
4561:
4542:
4523:
4504:
4492:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4461:
4446:
4440:
4439:
4428:
4422:
4421:
4411:
4387:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4344:
4338:
4337:
4329:
4320:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4309:
4294:
4288:
4287:
4276:
4270:
4269:
4259:
4253:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4235:
4229:
4223:. Archived from
4222:
4213:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4187:
4181:
4177:
4171:
4167:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4147:
4141:
4137:
4131:
4127:
4121:
4117:
4111:
4108:
4102:
4098:
4092:
4088:
4082:
4078:
4072:
4069:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4058:
4053:
4044:
4038:
4035:
4029:
4026:
4017:
4014:
4003:
4000:
3989:
3986:
3977:
3974:
3965:
3964:
3952:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3888:
3882:
3881:
3849:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3838:
3833:on 2 August 2021
3829:. Archived from
3819:
3813:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3793:
3787:
3786:
3784:
3782:
3767:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3751:on 2 August 2021
3747:. Archived from
3737:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3689:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3678:
3663:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3625:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3607:
3601:. Archived from
3600:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3531:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3501:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3460:
3454:
3443:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3415:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3381:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3313:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3269:
3263:
3262:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3240:www.worldcat.org
3232:
3226:
3213:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3187:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3161:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3150:
3141:. Archived from
3102:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3086:
3078:
3072:
3056:
3043:
3042:
3035:Christia, Fotini
3030:
3024:
3023:
3005:
2996:(6): 1833–1856.
2985:
2976:
2975:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2882:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2845:
2834:
2827:
2816:
2815:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2779:(6): 1630–1666.
2770:
2761:
2750:
2749:
2733:
2724:
2723:
2687:
2681:
2680:
2672:
2666:
2665:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2592:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2541:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2507:
2481:
2472:
2463:
2462:
2436:
2427:
2416:
2415:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2369:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2246:
2237:(893): 219–242.
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2199:
2191:
2182:
2181:
2175:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2148:
2139:
2138:
2122:
2113:
2112:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2049:
2041:
2016:
2010:
2001:
2000:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1884:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1835:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1794:
1754:
1745:
1744:
1738:
1734:
1732:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1638:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1603:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1540:
1386:news crew, with
1177:Henry Dunant at
944:of aid workers.
448:Even prior to a
368:of humanitarian
196:tropical climate
64:is material and
62:Humanitarian aid
21:
6121:
6120:
6116:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6111:
6110:
6071:
6070:
6069:
6064:
6053:
6046:
6005:
5974:
5928:
5917:Sphere Handbook
5889:
5883:
5802:
5731:
5702:MacKenzie Scott
5677:Jemilah Mahmood
5667:Winnie Byanyima
5640:
5593:
5562:
5536:
5445:
5407:
5363:
5353:
5317:reform attempts
5316:
5310:
5286:
5245:
5232:
5218:Humanitarianism
5197:
5192:
5162:
5157:
5143:Volunteer grant
5084:Earning to give
5044:Benefit concert
5027:
5023:GreatNonprofits
4964:
4923:
4853:
4845:
4784:
4779:
4729:
4713:
4704:
4702:
4689:
4677:
4669:
4657:
4645:
4633:
4625:
4613:
4601:
4589:
4577:
4568:
4558:
4539:
4520:
4501:
4475:
4473:Further reading
4470:
4469:
4459:
4457:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4430:
4429:
4425:
4388:
4384:
4374:
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4327:
4321:
4317:
4307:
4305:
4296:
4295:
4291:
4278:
4277:
4273:
4260:
4256:
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4233:
4231:
4227:
4220:
4214:
4210:
4200:
4198:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4178:
4174:
4168:
4164:
4158:
4154:
4148:
4144:
4138:
4134:
4128:
4124:
4118:
4114:
4109:
4105:
4099:
4095:
4089:
4085:
4079:
4075:
4070:
4066:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4045:
4041:
4036:
4032:
4027:
4020:
4015:
4006:
4001:
3992:
3987:
3980:
3975:
3968:
3961:
3937:
3933:
3922:
3918:
3889:
3885:
3850:
3846:
3836:
3834:
3821:
3820:
3816:
3806:
3804:
3795:
3794:
3790:
3780:
3778:
3768:
3764:
3754:
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3738:
3734:
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3708:
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3660:
3650:
3648:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3619:
3618:
3611:
3609:
3605:
3598:
3596:"Archived copy"
3594:
3593:
3589:
3582:
3566:
3562:
3552:
3550:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3518:
3516:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3488:
3486:
3473:
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3468:
3458:
3456:
3452:
3441:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3424:
3413:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3394:
3392:
3382:
3378:
3368:
3366:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3343:
3341:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3319:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3300:
3298:
3288:
3284:
3279:. 23 July 2021.
3271:
3270:
3266:
3251:
3247:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3224:Wayback Machine
3214:
3210:
3200:
3198:
3188:
3184:
3174:
3172:
3162:
3158:
3148:
3146:
3103:
3099:
3091:
3084:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3067:Wayback Machine
3057:
3046:
3033:Beath, Andrew;
3031:
3027:
3003:10.1.1.269.7048
2986:
2979:
2968:
2964:
2959:
2955:
2948:
2932:
2928:
2918:
2916:
2915:. 10 March 2010
2907:
2906:
2902:
2895:
2873:
2869:
2862:
2846:
2837:
2828:
2819:
2804:
2800:
2768:
2762:
2753:
2734:
2727:
2688:
2684:
2673:
2669:
2656:
2652:
2645:
2629:
2625:
2612:
2608:
2601:
2583:
2579:
2556:10.2307/1241988
2539:
2533:
2529:
2479:
2473:
2466:
2434:
2428:
2419:
2408:
2404:
2394:
2392:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2367:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2329:(s1): S68–S82.
2315:
2311:
2296:
2292:
2285:
2271:
2267:
2257:
2255:
2223:
2219:
2209:
2207:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2185:
2169:
2168:
2161:
2159:
2149:
2142:
2123:
2116:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2067:
2063:
2043:
2042:
2030:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2004:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1964:
1960:
1941:
1937:
1910:
1906:
1861:
1857:
1826:(S1): S47–S48.
1812:
1808:
1755:
1748:
1736:
1735:
1726:
1725:
1718:
1716:
1708:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1672:
1668:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1605:
1604:
1597:
1587:
1585:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1557:
1555:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1490:
1481:
1467:
1435:
1429:
1424:
1412:
1406:
1361:
1328:
1319:princely states
1302:204,000 silver
1291:Timothy Richard
1260:
1201:humanitarianism
1151:
1146:
1114:
1106:non-refoulement
1084:
1043:
1038:
1037:
989:organisations,
978:
970:
941:
903:
888:Buluba Hospital
855:
850:
849:
834:
826:
802:
790:
784:
750:relief effort.
743:
657:Odumegwu Ojukwu
614:
597:
500:
495:
489:
446:
438:Hurricane Sandy
395:
386:
362:
356:
328:
315:
287:
273:
271:Funding sources
264:
255:
231:
221:, the price of
188:
172:
167:
98:development aid
84:, and maintain
35:
32:Succour (album)
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6119:
6109:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6066:
6065:
6051:
6048:
6047:
6045:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6027:Crisis mapping
6024:
6019:
6013:
6011:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6003:
6001:Neocolonialism
5998:
5993:
5988:
5982:
5980:
5979:Related fields
5976:
5975:
5973:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5936:
5934:
5930:
5929:
5927:
5926:
5921:
5920:
5919:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5893:
5891:
5885:
5884:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5844:Typhoon Haiyan
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5810:
5808:
5804:
5803:
5801:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5739:
5737:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5729:
5724:
5722:Warren Buffett
5719:
5714:
5712:Jamshedji Tata
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5692:James Orbinski
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5648:
5646:
5645:Notable people
5642:
5641:
5639:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5622:
5621:
5611:
5605:
5603:
5599:
5598:
5595:
5594:
5592:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5570:
5568:
5567:Local agencies
5564:
5563:
5561:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5544:
5542:
5538:
5537:
5535:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5517:Guardian Girls
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5487:Islamic Relief
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5453:
5451:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5417:
5415:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5374:
5372:
5365:
5359:
5358:
5355:
5354:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5320:
5318:
5312:
5311:
5309:
5308:
5303:
5297:
5295:
5288:
5287:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5282:
5272:
5267:
5260:
5255:
5249:
5247:
5238:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5214:
5213:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5191:
5190:
5183:
5176:
5168:
5159:
5158:
5156:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5123:Matching funds
5120:
5115:
5114:
5113:
5103:
5098:
5097:
5096:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5035:
5033:
5032:Further topics
5029:
5028:
5026:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4974:
4972:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4931:
4929:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4864:
4858:
4856:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4792:
4790:
4786:
4785:
4778:
4777:
4770:
4763:
4755:
4747:
4746:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4715:"UN ReliefWeb"
4711:
4687:
4675:
4667:
4655:
4643:
4631:
4623:
4611:
4599:
4587:
4575:
4567:
4566:External links
4564:
4563:
4562:
4556:
4543:
4537:
4524:
4518:
4505:
4499:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4454:www.unicef.org
4441:
4423:
4382:
4356:
4339:
4315:
4289:
4271:
4254:
4241:
4230:on 18 May 2016
4208:
4197:. 28 July 2014
4182:
4172:
4162:
4152:
4142:
4132:
4122:
4112:
4103:
4093:
4083:
4073:
4064:
4039:
4030:
4018:
4004:
3990:
3978:
3966:
3959:
3931:
3916:
3903:(3): 519–539.
3883:
3864:(2): 186–199.
3844:
3814:
3788:
3762:
3732:
3721:. 15 June 2015
3706:
3684:
3673:. 13 June 2019
3658:
3633:
3587:
3580:
3560:
3526:
3496:
3466:
3430:
3402:
3390:Jewish Insider
3376:
3351:
3325:
3308:
3282:
3264:
3245:
3227:
3208:
3182:
3156:
3097:
3073:
3044:
3025:
2977:
2962:
2953:
2946:
2926:
2900:
2894:978-0801461095
2893:
2867:
2860:
2835:
2817:
2798:
2751:
2725:
2698:(5): 152–180.
2682:
2667:
2650:
2643:
2623:
2606:
2599:
2577:
2550:(1): 181–191.
2527:
2496:10.1086/452505
2490:(2): 335–349.
2464:
2417:
2402:
2377:
2356:
2309:
2290:
2283:
2265:
2217:
2183:
2140:
2114:
2100:
2087:10.1086/681277
2081:(4): 617–664.
2061:
2028:
2011:
2002:
1984:
1958:
1935:
1904:
1855:
1806:
1746:
1702:
1693:
1686:
1666:
1624:
1595:
1565:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1489:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1463:Main article:
1431:Main article:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1408:Main article:
1405:
1402:
1360:
1357:
1353:Herbert Hoover
1344:Vladimir Lenin
1327:
1324:
1259:
1256:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1134:Sphere Project
1113:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1088:Sphere Project
1083:
1082:Sphere Project
1080:
1072:Sphere Project
1057:following the
1042:
1039:
987:United Nations
979:
971:
969:
966:
940:
937:
919:helicopter of
902:
899:
854:
851:
846:conflict zones
835:
827:
825:
822:
814:Abiy Ahmed Ali
801:
798:
786:Main article:
783:
780:
779:
778:
774:
771:
768:
742:
739:
704:militia groups
613:
610:
596:
593:
572:
571:
547:
535:
499:
496:
488:
485:
458:child marriage
445:
442:
422:crisis mapping
394:
391:
385:
382:
358:Main article:
355:
352:
327:
324:
314:
311:
283:Main article:
279:United Nations
272:
269:
263:
260:
254:
251:
230:
227:
187:
184:
171:
168:
166:
163:
117:United Nations
115:(OCHA) of the
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6118:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6086:Civil affairs
6084:
6082:
6079:
6078:
6076:
6063:
6062:
6057:
6049:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6014:
6012:
6008:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5983:
5981:
5977:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5937:
5935:
5931:
5925:
5922:
5918:
5915:
5914:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5894:
5892:
5886:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5811:
5809:
5805:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5791:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5734:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5707:Melinda Gates
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5649:
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5637:
5634:
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5627:
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5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5600:
5590:
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5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
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5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5448:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
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5414:
5410:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5375:
5373:
5369:
5366:
5364:organizations
5360:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5329:Grand Bargain
5327:
5325:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5313:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5296:
5294:
5289:
5281:
5278:
5277:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5265:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5246:the Red Cross
5242:
5239:
5235:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5200:
5196:
5189:
5184:
5182:
5177:
5175:
5170:
5169:
5166:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5095:
5092:
5091:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5054:Charity fraud
5052:
5050:
5049:Caffè sospeso
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5030:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4975:
4973:
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2029:9789211320442
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1458:Grand Bargain
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574:Beyond labor
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504:disincentives
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247:deforestation
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86:human dignity
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5986:Human Rights
5897:CHS Alliance
5890:power, abuse
5829:2004 tsunami
5798:Yield Giving
5687:Peter Maurer
5548:NEAR Network
5527:World Vision
5362:Humanitarian
5334:Localisation
5315:21st-century
5262:
5253:Henry Dunant
5205:
5194:
5079:Donor intent
5003:CharityWatch
4904:Service club
4879:Crowdfunding
4841:Volunteering
4836:Philanthropy
4748:
4742:the original
4734:Rieff, David
4718:
4703:. Retrieved
4699:the original
4694:
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4292:
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4232:. Retrieved
4225:the original
4211:
4199:. Retrieved
4194:
4191:"Who we are"
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4055:. Retrieved
4047:Haug, Hans.
4042:
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3847:
3835:. Retrieved
3831:the original
3826:
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3805:. Retrieved
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3779:. Retrieved
3776:The Guardian
3775:
3765:
3753:. Retrieved
3749:the original
3744:
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3718:
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3697:. Retrieved
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3675:. Retrieved
3670:
3661:
3649:. Retrieved
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3636:
3610:. Retrieved
3603:the original
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3551:. Retrieved
3543:The Guardian
3542:
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3529:
3517:. Retrieved
3508:
3499:
3487:. Retrieved
3478:
3469:
3459:28 September
3457:. Retrieved
3450:the original
3445:
3433:
3422:the original
3417:
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3393:. Retrieved
3389:
3379:
3367:. Retrieved
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3342:. Retrieved
3337:
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3299:. Retrieved
3295:
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3248:
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3195:
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3147:. Retrieved
3143:the original
3117:(1): 63–78.
3114:
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3076:
3028:
2993:
2989:
2965:
2956:
2936:
2929:
2917:. Retrieved
2912:
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2393:. Retrieved
2389:
2380:
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2322:
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2256:. Retrieved
2234:
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2208:. Retrieved
2201:
2160:. Retrieved
2156:
2134:
2130:
2103:
2078:
2074:
2064:
2019:
2014:
1996:
1987:
1975:. Retrieved
1971:
1961:
1952:
1948:
1938:
1917:
1907:
1872:
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1858:
1823:
1819:
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1762:
1717:. Retrieved
1712:
1705:
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1615:. Retrieved
1610:
1586:. Retrieved
1577:
1568:
1556:. Retrieved
1547:
1538:
1482:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1455:
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1392:
1376:
1329:
1308:
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1234:
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1194:
1186:Henri Dunant
1183:
1164:
1160:
1157:Henry Dunant
1138:
1123:
1091:
1085:
1068:CHS Alliance
1064:
1051:Muzaffarabad
1025:
980:
961:The Guardian
959:
957:
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930:
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757:
744:
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730:KALAHI-CIDSS
716:
708:
700:rebel groups
673:
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654:
642:
615:
605:
602:
598:
580:
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524:monetization
513:
501:
447:
411:
396:
387:
370:impartiality
363:
348:
344:
337:
308:
288:
265:
256:
232:
200:
189:
177:
173:
151:
149:
127:(UNDP), the
106:
90:
61:
60:
5657:Jan Egeland
5541:Consortiums
5502:Mercy Corps
5371:UN agencies
4826:Fundraising
4789:Main topics
4375:27 December
4234:25 December
4180:(2013):1326
4170:(2013):1325
3519:11 December
3489:11 December
3201:19 November
3175:19 November
3149:19 November
2395:19 December
2210:16 December
2162:16 December
1737:|work=
1451:Ban Ki-moon
1441:Ban Ki-moon
1416:Jan Egeland
1348:Maxim Gorky
1315:British Raj
983:aid workers
910:Bangladeshi
901:Composition
882:expert and
853:Aid workers
777:committees.
726:Philippines
711:US food aid
606:inter alia,
551:complements
543:substitutes
516:food prices
480:UN agencies
262:Limitations
180:food prices
6075:Categories
5888:Standards,
5727:Bill Gates
5111:wealthiest
4867:Foundation
4852:charitable
4811:Compassion
4695:odi.org.uk
4201:27 January
4057:1 November
3837:6 November
3807:6 November
3781:6 November
3755:6 November
2505:1813/57993
1548:unocha.org
1530:References
1398:Bob Geldof
1090:handbook,
884:missionary
816:regime of
810:Tigray War
722:World Bank
626:Yugoslavia
559:fertilizer
491:See also:
397:Since the
374:neutrality
366:principles
340:protection
158:protection
57:, in 2008.
5768:ECHO (EU)
5758:FCDO (UK)
5682:Hugo Slim
5652:Degan Ali
5631:ReliefWeb
4850:Types of
4683:CDHAM.org
4607:cedat.org
4583:alnap.org
4460:4 January
4418:2673-3145
3878:143227029
3725:7 January
3139:233976377
3131:2709-2607
3020:0002-8282
2998:CiteSeerX
2742:VoxEU.org
2712:216142208
2593:. OXFAM.
2564:0002-9092
2522:224787897
2514:0013-0079
2343:1467-7717
2323:Disasters
2157:RMRP 2022
2131:CMI Brief
2046:cite book
2038:946161611
1977:13 August
1899:139190114
1891:2405-691X
1850:157630210
1842:1049-023X
1783:0020-6539
1739:ignored (
1729:cite book
1243:Original
1179:Solferino
1055:Islamabad
1041:Standards
914:US Marine
681:in 2003,
664:experts.
539:commodity
532:commodity
454:paid work
291:donations
243:rangeland
239:livestock
104:factors.
82:suffering
53:, in the
5859:Iraq War
5128:Telethon
5013:GiveWell
4950:Tzedakah
4816:Donation
4801:Altruism
4651:emdat.be
4595:apan.org
4302:Archived
4284:NBC News
3622:cite web
3612:18 March
3553:27 April
3547:Archived
3537:Guardian
3513:Archived
3509:BBC News
3483:Archived
3479:BBC News
3395:20 March
3369:20 March
3344:20 March
3301:20 March
3277:BBC News
3220:Archived
3089:Archived
3063:Archived
2793:12935268
2746:Archived
2451:19628562
2351:23905768
2258:27 April
2253:55335271
2172:cite web
2095:14147459
1801:21770935
1653:19628562
1588:28 April
1582:Archived
1558:28 April
1552:Archived
1488:See also
1447:Istanbul
1394:Live Aid
1299:Shanghai
1295:Shandong
1074:and the
927:in 2007.
818:Ethiopia
679:Zimbabwe
634:Croatian
589:Cambodia
584:Ethiopia
466:Conflict
414:Big Data
170:Food aid
74:refugees
70:homeless
66:logistic
6101:Charity
5237:History
4955:Sadaqah
4872:Private
4821:Empathy
4705:7 March
4402:: 114.
3259:Reuters
3170:Reuters
2720:1847703
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