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Traditionally ceremonies were held at the home. Preparations for the ceremony would begin days in advance, and involve the brewing of alcohol, preparation of foods and snacks, and preparation of facilities for guests. Neighbors and relatives would come to assist in this process. Early on the morning
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The ceremony is traditionally a major affair, with descendants inviting the extended family for an event that can sometimes last multiple days, for wealthier families. Ceremonies can also be arranged by subordinates for superiors, for example students for teachers or disciples for religious leaders.
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Before breakfast is eaten, the eldest son and his spouse would approach the table, bow deeply, raise glasses of ceremonial alcohol, then bow deeply again. Afterwards, in descending order by age, younger siblings would follow suit and pay tribute to the honored person. They are then followed by
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The date of the ceremony was not always on the actual birthday. This was for superstitious reasons: the ceremony date would be chosen to avoid inauspicious days. It was also considered bad luck to hold a ceremony after the actual birthday, and thus people would only hold it before.
423:: cycles of sixty years. Thus, living sixty years had special significance as one completed a full cycle. Some saw it as the start of a second lifetime, and thus as an opportunity to give up some responsibility and return to enjoying life as children do.
674:, but also larger than a typical birthday celebration. Afterwards, there are a number of other possible (albeit rarer) celebrations until the end of one's life: the 60th wedding anniversary can be celebrated, there is a 70th birthday ceremony (
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extended family and other peoples. In cases where the parents of the honored person are alive, they too can participate in paying their respects, sometimes symbolically and/or jokingly wearing brightly-colored clothing typical of children.
634:
Afterwards, breakfast is then consumed either in that room or in a separate area. Often strangers and passersby are invited to join; it is traditionally considered a sign of virtue and social status to have many guests at one's
750:, higher. This is also possibly impacted by the falling numbers of elderly people who live with their children. Larger ceremonies are possibly more typical in rural areas than they are in urban.
753:
In some instances, only close family members get together to have a big meal. Some rent out spaces in banquet halls or restaurants. Some hold separate events for closer family and guests.
746:
celebration has been given a lesser significance than before. Some parents reportedly do not expect to receive a ceremony at all, and instead weigh later ceremonies, such as the
756:
With changing religious practices in Korea, the ceremony has become secularized or
Christianized. Some Christian families choose to deemphasize the aspects of the
367:
were shorter, the sixtieth birthday was seen as a symbolic threshold for reaching old age and having lived a full life. This birthday is known as
46:
559:
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551:(open area of house). The honored person and their spouse, dressed in their finest clothes, would be prominently seated in front of a
58:
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885:
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627:, would also be performed during the event. Guests would arrive, bringing gifts of clothing, alcohol, fruit, and rice.
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639:. Speeches are given about the person's life. Various traditional performances and games can take place during the
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779:. The ceremony was the subject of a 2009 play called "American Hwangap" by a Korean-American playwright.
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643:. If the person and their guests were well-educated, poetry could be composed and read during the
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603:, turtles, or cranes. Also present is a typically separate table of ceremonial alcohol and cups (
17:
599:, and more. Other decorations would also be placed on the table, taking the shapes of flowers,
499:). The sixtieth birthday is according to one's age per the international reckoning and not by
262:
8:
838:
363:, one's sixtieth birthday has traditionally held special significance. Especially when
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524:. Costs for the ceremony are typically covered by the descendants or subordinates.
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581:. Also on the table are foods piled high in decorative fashion (typically in
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1238:
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503:. In other words, one's Korean age will actually be 61 at the time of the
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1119:
Caring Across
Generations: The Linked Lives of Korean American Families
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From Elder to
Ancestor: Old Age, Death and Inheritance in Modern Korea
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532:, the celebrated person would pay their respects to their
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764:. In one instance described in a 1991 paper, a family's
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407:
The traditional lunisolar calendars in the
Sinosphere (
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341:
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1007:
1005:
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990:
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728:). These later birthdays are of similar scale to the
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1145:"Happy 60th Birthday, Dad, but Where Have You Been?"
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557:(folding screen) and behind a large table such as a
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775:The ceremony has been observed by members of the
45:deal primarily with Korea and do not represent a
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670:) can also be held. This is not as large as the
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1116:Yoo, Grace J.; Kim, Barbara W. (2014-06-20).
768:involved a Catholic sermon and the taking of
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43:The examples and perspective in this article
27:Tradition in China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam
812:, the one year birthday celebration in Korea
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431:In Korea, the sixtieth birthday is known as
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520:The ceremony is seen as an expression of
81:Learn how and when to remove this message
880:. Tuttle Publishing. pp. 118–119.
874:Mente, Boye Lafayette De (2018-04-24).
740:With increasing life expectancies, the
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1211:Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology
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846:Encyclopedia of Korean Local Culture
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654:, another smaller ceremony called a
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965:Ministry of Government Legislation
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1047:Prendergast, David (2021-10-01).
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967:. 2023-06-26. p. 6
710:), and 88th birthday (
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115:A museum display of a
1276:East Asian traditions
961:"이제부터는 만 나이가 내 나이입니다"
692:), a 77th birthday (
249:Revised Romanization
63:create a new article
55:improve this article
1106:, p. 147, 150.
1094:, pp. 147–148.
736:Modern celebrations
650:The year after the
1223:10.1007/BF00056752
1178:"American Hwangap"
1149:The New York Times
805:Second Bar Mitzvah
1129:978-0-8147-6897-6
1060:978-90-04-21384-5
887:978-1-4629-2015-0
840:환갑잔치 - 디지털서귀포문화대전
421:sexagenary cycles
413:Japanese calendar
365:life expectencies
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263:McCune–Reischauer
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161:Standard Mandarin
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65:, as appropriate.
16:(Redirected from
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1271:Culture of Korea
1266:Culture of Japan
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132:Chinese name
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849:(in Korean)
797:Asia portal
403:Description
206:Korean name
1250:Categories
1187:2024-07-22
1162:2024-07-22
947:2024-07-22
853:2024-07-22
817:References
810:Dol-janchi
618:heonjusang
597:persimmons
589:, snacks,
578:miyeok-guk
554:byeongpung
501:Korean age
419:) observe
361:Sinosphere
1231:1573-0719
1157:0362-4331
1104:Chin 1991
1092:Chin 1991
1077:Chin 1991
1053:. BRILL.
1012:Chin 1991
995:Chin 1991
932:"환갑 (還甲)"
770:communion
583:cylinders
560:gyojasang
548:daecheong
485:hwallyeok
195:Gaap6 Zi2
118:gobaesang
71:June 2024
59:talk page
1239:24390507
971:July 22,
783:See also
469:gapnyeon
385:Japanese
314:Kyūjitai
269:Hwan'gap
189:Jyutping
53:You may
1199:Sources
1182:Variety
930:임, 석재,
837:김, 미진.
766:hwangap
758:hwangap
743:hwangap
672:hwangap
652:hwangap
645:hwangap
641:hwangap
637:hwangap
624:kisaeng
601:dragons
587:jujubes
530:hwangap
528:of the
505:hwangap
433:hwangap
391:hwangap
380:kanreki
375:Chinese
359:In the
343:Kanreki
255:Hwangap
138:Chinese
124:hwangap
98:Hwangap
18:Hwangap
1237:
1229:
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1126:
1057:
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730:jingap
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609:;
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569:;
542:anbang
493:;
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477:;
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437:hoegap
397:Korean
387:, and
212:Hangul
748:gohui
707:huisu
689:gohui
453:jugap
427:Korea
370:jiazi
286:Kanji
226:Hanja
174:Jiǎzǐ
61:, or
1235:PMID
1227:ISSN
1153:ISSN
1124:ISBN
1055:ISBN
973:2024
882:ISBN
725:misu
306:かんれき
300:Kana
1219:doi
612:獻酒床
606:헌주상
572:交子床
566:교자상
545:or
467:),
451:),
395:in
383:in
373:in
1252::
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1225:.
1213:.
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1147:.
1084:^
1069:^
1037:^
1019:^
1002:^
981:^
963:.
934:,
896:^
862:^
843:.
825:^
772:.
732:.
719:米壽
713:미수
701:喜壽
695:희수
683:古稀
677:고희
667:進甲
661:진갑
647:.
595:,
536:.
507:.
496:還曆
490:환력
480:甲年
474:갑년
464:周甲
458:주갑
448:回甲
442:회갑
435:,
415:,
411:,
399:.
377:,
320:還曆
292:還暦
232:還甲
218:환갑
144:甲子
1241:.
1221::
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1165:.
1132:.
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975:.
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