997:. The cores are about 1 mm in diameter and use a four-wire arrangement (x, y, sense, and inhibit). The memory is arranged in planes of 4000 cores each, each core storing one bit. A stack of eight such planes store the six data bits, word mark bit, and parity bit for 4000 memory locations. Together with eight additional planes with fewer cores on them for additional storage functions, this made up a 4000-character memory module. One such module is housed within the 1401's primary enclosure. Systems were commonly available with two, three, or four such modules. The additional modules are contained in an add-on box, the 1406 Core Memory Unit, which is about two feet square and three feet high.
29:
270:
328:
6114:
1001:
884:
4645:, one of the first programmers in the country. The album was originally written for a string quartet, organ and electronics and to accompany a dance piece by long-standing collaborator friend, Erna ĆmarsdĆ³ttir. For the album recording, JĆ³hann has rewritten it for a sixty-piece string orchestra, adding a new final movement and incorporating electronics and vintage reel-to-reel recordings of a singing 1401 found in his father's attic.
1020:
165:
6134:
6124:
972:
712:
One-card programs can be written for various tasks. Commonly available were a one-card program to print the deck of cards following it, and another to duplicate a deck to the card punch. See Tom Van Vleck's web site. Here is a one-card program which will print "HELLO, WORLD!". Pressing LOAD (above)
672:
button on the 1402 Card Read-Punch is pressed, a card is read into memory locations 001ā080, a word mark is set in location 001 to indicate that it is an executable instruction, the word marks in locations 002-080 (if any) are cleared, and execution starts with the instruction at location 001. That
2894:
The B opcode, if followed by a three-character operand, was a simple unconditional branch to the indicated address. If a fourth operand character was present (making five characters total including the opcode), this made it a conditional branch. This "modifier" character specified the condition to
523:
A three-character memory address in an instruction is an encoding of a five-digit memory address. The three low-order digits of the five-digit address, 000 to 999, are specified by the numeric bits of the three characters. The zone bits of the high-order character specify an increment as follows:
512:
are one character. Memory addresses ("I" a branch target, "A" and "B" data) and unit address are three characters. The opcode modifier is one character. Instruction length is then 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, or 8 characters. Most instructions have to be followed by a word mark (a requirement commonly met by
4714:
More simply stated: the four zone bits encoded the decimal values 0 to 15 as the binary numbers 0000 to 1111. The encoded value is used as the thousands part of a 1401 address. Thus making the 1401 a curious machine with memory addresses stored as a combination of 3 decimal digits and 4 binary
5220:
The 1401's clock frequency is 86,957 cycles per second, or about 87 kiloHertz! This corresponds to an 11.5 micro-second system clock cycle time. ... The 1401 CPU does everything in a character-serial manner. In order to add say two N-digit numbers, the CPU takes several cycles to fetch the
708:
command is executed, but are kept as-is for the next card read in. This is convenient, because much of what the first few cards do is set word marks in the proper locations; having the first half dozen or so word marks set means the programmer does not need to set those word marks again.
603:
can be used to assemble a block of records. A variable-length record, or block of records, to be written to magnetic tape is addressed at its high-order position, its length defined by a group-mark character with a word mark immediately following its low-order position.
4751:... configured for stand-alone use as well as peripheral service for larger computers ... A small configuration, without tapes and with the minimum memory capacity, was available for just under $ 2500 per month, a much lower rental for much higher performance than three
559:
set at their high-order (lowest-addressed) position. When an operation such as addition is performed, the processor begins at the low-order position of the two fields and works its way to the high-order, just as a person would when adding with pencil and paper.
197:"IBM was pleasantly surprised (perhaps shocked) to receive 5,200 orders in just the first five weeks – more than predicted for the entire life of the machine!" By late 1961, the 2000 units installed in the USA were about one quarter of all electronic
554:
Operands referenced by the A-address and B-address can be: a single memory location, a variable-length field, or a variable-length record. Variable-length fields are addressed at their low-order (highest-addressed) position, their length defined by a
5260:
The timing of the IBM 1401 is described in terms of the time required for one complete core storage cycle, which is 11.5 microseconds ... The time required for any internal processing instruction is always a multiple of this interval of
201:
by all manufacturers. The number of installed 1401s peaked above 10,000 in the mid-1960s. "In all, by the mid-1960s nearly half of all computer systems in the world were 1401-type systems." The system was marketed until
February 1971.
686:
instruction can set two word marks but requires one word mark to have been on itself, so a sequence of these instructions are needed, which incrementally set word marks in the program's code or data, and set word marks for subsequent
437:
IBM called the 1401's character code BCD ("binary-coded decimal"), even though that term describes only the decimal digit encoding. The 1401's alphanumeric collating sequence is compatible with the punched card collating sequence.
480:
configurations: 1,400, 2,000, 4,000, 8,000, 12,000, or 16,000 characters. Each character is addressable, addresses ranging from 0 through 15999. A very small number of 1401s were expanded to 32,000 characters by special request.
4652:
pictures printed using Xs and 0s on chain printers. Other programs would generate music by having the printer print particular groups/sequences of characters using the impact of the printer hammers to generate tones.
5621:
781:
operands 036 008). This must always be the first instruction, and one of its operands must always be 008 or else the next instruction would not have a word mark to indicate that it is an executable instruction.
1087:
required at least 8000-character memory; the 1401 Fortran compiler is described in Haines, L.H. (1965), below. The
Fortran compiler, to generate code for small memories, used a pioneering form of interpreted
691:
instructions. Execution of instructions in the card continues, setting word marks, loading the program into memory, and then branching to the program's start address. To read subsequent cards, an explicit
766:
Following conventional IBM notation, the underscores show where word marks are set in memory once the program has run; on punched cards they would not be indicated visually or present in the punched data.
607:
A sequence of operations on adjacent fields can be "chained", using the addresses left in the address registers by the previous operation. For example, addition of adjacent data fields might be coded as
155:
of the computer industry due to its mass appeal. Over 12,000 units were produced and many were leased or resold after they were replaced with newer technology. The 1401 was withdrawn on
February 8, 1971.
540:
together 3000, giving an addressability of 4,000 memory locations. The zone bits of the low-order character specify increments of 4000, 8000, or 12000, to address 16,000 memory locations (with an
5145:
934:. Typical logic levels of these circuits were (S & U Level) high: 0 V to -0.5V, low: -6 V to -12 V; (T Level) high: 6 V to 1 V, low: -5.5 V to -6 V.
1348:
461:
is present in memory but not on punched cards, and has to be set using special machine instructions; when printing memory it is typically displayed by underlining the character.
591:. One or more adjacent variable-length fields can make up a variable-length record. A variable-length record is addressed at its high-order position, its length defined by a
1008:
Operands in memory are accessed serially, one memory location at a time, and the 1401 can read or write one memory location within its basic cycle time of 11.5 microseconds.
5602:
Video captures thoughts and reflections of some of the original 1401 team members from a reunion held in
Endicott, NY in 2009. Includes footage from 1401 marketing films.
488:
stores the 80 columns of data from a card into memory locations 001ā080. Index registers 1, 2 and 3 are in memory locations 087ā089, 092-094 and 097-099 respectively.
5641:
5537:
5380:
945:
edge connector (single wide) or 5.375 by 4.5 inches (136.5 by 114.3 mm) with two 16-pin gold-plated edge connectors (double wide), that IBM referred to as
229:
Printer, or other peripherals. This allowed the mainframe's throughput to not be limited by the speed of a card reader or printer. (For more information, see
1178:
bit can be entered is by manually using the switches on the
Auxiliary Console. A programmer might use these switches to make quick patches while debugging.
4724:
The RPQ "Reader/Punch Card Code 8-2 and A-Bit
Compatibility" (898148) causes the 1401 to read/punch the A bit as 8-2 for compatibility with the IBM 1410.
4641:. The concept is based upon work done in 1964 by his father, JĆ³hann Gunnarsson, chief maintenance engineer of one of the country's first computers, and
5551:
5103:
986:
The modules used were fairly delicate, compared to previous unit-record equipment, so IBM shipped them enclosed in a newly invented packing material,
5416:
5007:
4660:
for the census purpose in 1971. It took about one year to take the census of the country. At that time the population of Nepal was about 10,000,000.
233:.) Some later installations (e.g., at NASA) included the 1401 as a front-end peripherals controller to an IBM 7094 in a Direct Coupled System (DCS).
5729:
5273:
5138:
6163:
5046:
700:) must be executed as the last instruction on every card to get the new card's contents into locations 001ā080. Note that the word marks are
180:
The 1401 project evolved from an IBM project named "World Wide
Accounting Machine" (WWAM), which in turn was a reaction to the success of the
5428:
297:
990:. This was one of the first widespread uses of this packing; it greatly impressed recipients, and brought great publicity to the material.
5778:
187:
The 1401 was used as an independent system in conjunction with IBM punched card equipment. It was also operated as auxiliary equipment to
1146:
The 1401's operation codes are single characters. In many cases, particularly for the more common instructions, the character chosen is
1045:
The IBM 1403 printer was introduced in
October 1959 with the 1401 Data Processing System. The printer was a completely new development.
541:
792:
opcodes. Only word marks from 036 and further are needed for the "guts" of the program; word marks up through 029 are only needed for
5085:
5177:
4876:
6173:
6168:
660:; G2 and G12 for 2,000; G3 and G13 for 4,000). One difference between the 1401 and 1401G is how the reader-punch is controlled.
563:
The only limit on the length of such fields is the available memory. Instructions applicable to variable-length fields include:
1174:
bit is determined and checked automatically by the machine - normally it is of no concern to the programmers. The only way the
937:
These circuits are constructed of discrete components (resistors, capacitors, transistors) mounted on single-sided paper-epoxy
4400:
The Select
Stacker (K) instruction sent commands to various devices. It was named for its relevance to the 1402 reader/punch.
205:
Commonly used by small businesses as their primary data processing machines, the 1401 was also frequently used as an off-line
5221:
instruction itself and then one cycle for every character of the instruction's two operands or arguments, or 2N cycles total.
5722:
5528:
1057:
4648:
More well-known are various demo programs to play music on transistor radios placed on the CPU and computer "art", mostly
1138:
5583:
194:
Monthly rental for 1401 configurations started at US$ 2,500 (worth about $ 26,100 today). Demand exceeded expectations.
6127:
240:, an executive in charge of 1401 deployment, supported its continuation in larger models for evolving needs (e.g., the
5387:
1081:(Fourteen-o-one Automatic Report Generation Operation), a predecessor of RPG, required at least 4000-character memory.
544:
Storage Unit). For example, the three-character address "I99" is a reference to memory location 3000 + 999, or 3999.
484:
Some operations use specific memory locations (those locations are not reserved and can be used for other purposes).
5513:
5244:
4974:
387:
360:
5329:
6014:
5715:
1069:
Autocoder on Disk, similar to, but not compatible with, Autocoder on Tape, required at least one 1311 disk drive.
5305:
4715:
digits. IBM did not use the word "binary" in describing the 1401's addressing (see the 1401 Reference Manual).
5691:
919:
556:
454:
129:
4990:
6137:
5997:
5381:"Working Paper version - Humans Thinking Like Machines - Incidental Media Art in the Swedish Welfare State"
4633:
1078:
5003:
4821:
5707:
892:
28:
5560:
5112:
280:
Due to its popularity and mass-production, the IBM 1401 was often considered to be the first electronic
6178:
6117:
5682:
5063:
5050:
4406:
2901:
1185:
899:
910:(some logic, but mostly various non-logic functions, named for the germanium-alloy transistors used),
263:
6046:
316:
91:
5280:
506:
Opcode with [A-or-I-or-unit-address [B-address]] [modifier] word mark
6158:
2881:
Two of the instructions, Branch on
Indicator (B) and Select Stacker (K), use a "modifier" operand.
547:
The zone bits of the middle character of a three-character memory address can specify one of three
151:
and at providing peripheral services for larger computers. The 1401 is considered by IBM to be the
844:
stops due to the word mark in location 052 (which, doing double-duty, also defines the end of the
5925:
1735:
1134:
1128:
1066:
on Tape, a more advanced assembler, required at least 4000-character memory and four tape drives.
965:
950:
312:
274:
221:
for input-output. It was the 1401 that transferred input data from slow peripherals (such as the
198:
968:
on a single-wide card up to about twenty logic gates or four flip-flops on a double-wide card).
386:
For alphabetic characters the setting of bits is derived from the zone and digit punches of the
5992:
5935:
5930:
5919:
4908:
4628:
923:
289:
5505:
5498:
6019:
938:
144:
63:
5546:
Brief descriptions of the machine features, components, configurations, and special features
5076:
994:
961:
957:
596:
372:
979:
The SMS cards were inserted in sockets on hinged swing-out racks, that IBM referred to as
8:
6057:
5181:
878:
592:
188:
5440:
4847:
429:
Encodings of punched card characters with two or more digit punches can be found in the
6093:
6024:
5472:
4883:
922:(RTL)). Later upgrades (e.g., the TAU-9 tape interface) use a faster type of DTL using
281:
225:
Card Read-Punch) to tape, and transferred output data from tape to the card punch, the
210:
111:
4951:
800:
instructions are needed in total. The reason one fewer is needed is because the final
5947:
5741:
5509:
4970:
1955:
1098:
required at least 12000-character memory and either four tape drives or at least one
5987:
5633:
5495:
2889:
132:
5203:
4705:
The 1401 is a decimal computer, so e.g. "8000" characters is not 8,192 characters.
6088:
5965:
5914:
5904:
5798:
5011:
4681:
4642:
1113:
927:
717:). The program will automatically set its own wordmarks, assuming that the first
500:
269:
140:
81:
4949:
there was also a semi-automated converter of 1401 object code, named Liberator:
675:
6007:
4745:
Boshe, Charles J.; Johnson, Lyle R.; Palmer, John H.; Pugh, Emerson W. (1986).
1089:
548:
5664:
Music inspired by the 1401: Johann Johannsson's "IBM 1401: A User's Manual" -
5589:
5496:
Bashe, Charles J.; Johnson, Lyle R; Palmer, John H.; Pugh, Emerson W. (1986).
5480:
5464:
5456:
5359:
1108:(Report Program Generator); Basic RPG required at least 4000-character memory.
6152:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5869:
5614:
4686:
1024:
255:
and the 360's incompatibility with the 1401 design. IBM pioneered the use of
252:
237:
218:
5702:
5610:
5605:
5162:
5047:"1401 "Rebuilding the IBM," by Philip E. Ross, IEEE Spectrum, November 2009"
4668:
A truck-based IBM 1401 configured in 1960 for military use was designated a
6098:
5909:
5899:
5864:
5233:
181:
152:
148:
5737:
6038:
5940:
5699:
5577:
5386:. University of Malmƶ, School of Arts & Communication. Archived from
4796:
1084:
987:
954:
942:
477:
327:
293:
682:, to set word marks on the two following words (instructions). A single
5957:
5856:
5674:
5637:
5337:
1095:
858:; "HELLO, WORLD!" will be printed in the 13 leftmost printer positions)
796:
instructions. Since the core of the program needs six word marks, five
446:
245:
206:
101:
5683:"Booting the IBM 1401: How a 1959 punch-card computer loads a program"
5274:"Custom Features for IBM 1401, 1440, and 1460 Data Processing Systems"
1347:
1000:
788:
s. The underscores show where the word marks are after completing all
465:
is calculated automatically and is also not present on punched cards.
6052:
4937:
4933:
1159:
1092:" although its programmers had no name for what it was that they did.
1063:
883:
285:
256:
6083:
6078:
5980:
5971:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5783:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5750:
4771:
1147:
1099:
1040:
1032:
1019:
1011:
All instruction timings are cited in multiples of this cycle time.
305:
259:
241:
230:
226:
222:
214:
173:
169:
5669:
5665:
5032:
1956:"Modifiers for five-character Branch on Indicator (B) instruction"
6073:
5787:
5458:
IBM 1401 System - 50th Anniversary in the Computer History Museum
5364:
4756:
4752:
4624:
2211:
1150:
for the operation: A for add, B for branch, S for subtract, etc.
1105:
1028:
1004:
1403 line printer opened, with 729 tape drives in the background.
418:
from BCD encoding of the 1 through 9 punches. Thus the letter A,
164:
5692:"Germanium transistors: logic circuits in the IBM 1401 computer"
2890:
Modifiers for five-character Branch on Indicator (B) instruction
648:- omitting data address from the second and third instructions.
441:
Associated with each memory location are two other bits, called
4649:
4395:
509:
492:
punches the contents of memory locations 101-180 into a card.
311:
Two 1401 systems have been restored to operating order at the
139:
on October 5, 1959. The first member of the highly successful
6002:
4657:
1075:
required at least 4000-character memory and four tape drives.
1072:
953:). The amount of logic on one card is similar to that in one
301:
244:) but the 1964 decision at the top to focus resources on the
5524:
pages 465ā494, a history of IBM's 1401 and 1403 development
4877:"Back to Life: The story behind CHM's IBM 1401 Restoration"
941:
either 2.5 by 4.5 inches (64 by 114 mm) with a 16-pin
971:
335:
Each alphanumeric character in the 1401 is encoded by six
5738:
4638:
656:
The IBM 1401G was sold in six models: (G1 and G11: 1,400
336:
266:, so that some System/360 models could run 1401 programs.
136:
5654:
This article was reprinted, edited, in both editions of
964:
package (e.g., three to five logic gates or a couple of
513:
the word mark with the opcode of the next instruction).
5139:"System Operation Reference Manual. IBM 1401. IBM 1460"
4426:
set program activity recording at BBB only if A is, dd
713:
reads one card, and begins execution at 001 (the first
4744:
599:
character in its low-order position. The instruction
33:
IBM 1401 Demo Lab, Computer History Museum, California
5588:. IBM Social Media. November 16, 2009. Archived from
4448:
select last card read to stacker 8/2 if within 10 ms
898:
Most of the logic circuitry of the 1401 is a type of
4967:
Building IBM: Shaping an Industry and Its Technology
3922:
read or write parity check or read back check error
2921:
Unconditionalāno word mark needed in next character
975:
A single-width SMS card of the type used in the 1401
5660:(1st and 1974 2nd ed.). Van Nostrand Reinhold.
5466:
IBM 1401 French Presentation with English Subtitles
5405:
Place Studies in Art, Media, Science and Technology
4437:select last card read to stacker 1 if within 10 ms
468:Each memory location then, has the following bits:
5622:"Serial compilation and the 1401 FORTRAN compiler"
5497:
930:in 1953) for their speed, that IBM referred to as
5553:IBM 1401 Data Processing System: Reference Manual
5105:IBM 1401 Data Processing System: Reference Manual
4656:An IBM 1401 was the first computer introduced in
496:prints the contents of memory locations 201ā332.
300:). During the 1970s, IBM installed many 1401s in
6150:
4797:"Origins of Architecture and Design of the 1401"
168:IBM 1401 Data Processing System. From the left:
5234:"IBM 1401 Principles of Programming, Section 7"
4964:
4663:
906:. Other IBM circuit types were referred to as:
422:in the punched card character code, is encoded
331:1401 Console and, below, the Auxiliary Console.
284:to be introduced in various countries, such as
217:for example, the mainframe computers used only
5330:"JĆ³hann JĆ³hannsson: IBM 1401, A User's Manual"
2212:"Modifiers for Select Stacker (K) instruction"
932:SDTDL (Saturated Drift Transistor Diode Logic)
5723:
5559:. IBM. April 1962. A24-1403-5. Archived from
4131:end of reel (writing) or tape mark (reading)
993:Like most machines of the day, the 1401 uses
813:- the rest of the print area 299-200 (opcode
663:
251:IBM was facing a competitive threat from the
5619:
4932:among other things, Honeywell used the name
4470:select previous card punched to stacker 8/2
4396:Modifiers for Select Stacker (K) instruction
4054:process check with process check switch off
891:in IBM parlance) showing some of the 1401's
308:where they were in use well into the 1980s.
3053:transmission complete with abnormal status
1734:Cannot be read from card without a no-cost
804:does not need to waste an operand on other
517:
430:
5730:
5716:
4814:
4481:select previous card punched to stacker 2
4459:select previous card punched to stacker 4
1112:For the IBM Catalog of 1401 software, see
904:CTDL (Complemented Transistor Diode Logic)
872:
96:Branch instruction with modifier character
27:
5482:The IBM 1401 compiles and runs FORTRAN II
5306:"IBM 1401, A User's Manual-Live in Italy"
4882:. Computer History Museum. Archived from
3691:empty hopper and transport (end of file)
3669:empty hopper and transport (end of file)
2207:Select Stacker and other device controls
1119:
823:- part of the print area 332-300 (opcode
388:IBM 80 column punched card character code
5779:1800 Data Acquisition and Control System
5689:
5680:
5675:a double width SMS card used in the 1401
5324:
5322:
5111:. p. 20. A24-1403-5. Archived from
5074:
1166:Note: If Word mark bit is set, then the
1018:
999:
970:
882:
326:
268:
163:
5585:A Century of Smart: The IBM 1401 (1959)
5378:
4874:
3537:punch supply reel low or chad box full
1740:Punches as zero (or 8ā2 with the RPQ).
1139:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
629:. With chaining, this can be coded as
172:Card Read-Punch, 1401 Processing Unit,
6164:Computer-related introductions in 1959
6151:
5543:from the original on October 10, 2022.
5175:
5091:from the original on October 10, 2022.
4672:computer, and nicknamed a DataMobile.
3020:late read or late reading mode change
916:Complemented Transistor Resistor Logic
5711:
5441:Columbia University Computing History
5319:
5250:from the original on October 10, 2022
5243:. IBM Corporation. 1961. p. 19.
5022:ģķģ§. (1997). ģ²ģģ°ė ķźµģ»“ķØķ°ģ¬ (ģģø: ģ ģģ ė¬øģ¬).
4870:
4868:
3284:document under selected read station
3262:document under selected read station
2843: 8
2743: 4
2693: 2
2668: 1
1727: A
1543: B
1230:C
887:Closeup of a swing-out card cage (or
248:ended these efforts rather suddenly.
6133:
6123:
5981:Applications, software, and concepts
3746:document-spacing-check indicator on
2884:
1053:IBM software for the 1401 included:
601:Move Characters Record or Group Mark
273:A volunteer repairing a 1401 at the
5655:
5163:"Tom Van Vleck: 1401s I have known"
5151:from the original on April 3, 2015.
5101:
3185:transmission complete successfully
1738:, in which case it is read as 8ā2.
1170:bit will be opposite of shown. The
1014:
585:Move Characters to A or B Word Mark
13:
5489:
5474:IBM 1401 for the Roper Corporation
5403:A full version to be published in
5078:IBM 1401AModernTheory of Operation
4865:
1035:line printer is in the foreground.
926:(a type of transistor invented by
14:
6190:
5571:
4909:"FAQ's for Products and Services"
3295:hypertape control unit 7641 busy
3152:document under read head (PDS 4)
551:, one of many optional features.
367:For digits 1 through 9, the bits
213:. In such installations, with an
6132:
6122:
6113:
6112:
5677:used germanium alloy transistors
3218:punch not ready to receive data
1346:
1058:1401 Symbolic Programming System
595:character with a word mark or a
50:6-bits plus word mark and parity
6015:Programming Development Manager
5681:Shirriff, Ken (February 2021).
5578:1401 documents on bitsavers.org
5536:. IBM. April 1966. A24-1401-1.
5434:
5422:
5410:
5372:
5352:
5298:
5266:
5226:
5196:
5178:"Core memory frame from a 1401"
5169:
5155:
5131:
5122:
5095:
5068:
5057:
5039:
5025:
5016:
4997:
4983:
4958:
4718:
4708:
4699:
4618:
1154:Table of character and op codes
902:(DTL), that IBM referred to as
322:
6174:Variable word length computers
6169:Magnetic-core memory computers
6109:* Also based on the System/36
4943:
4926:
4901:
4840:
4789:
4764:
4738:
4021:any disk-unit error condition
4010:any disk-unit error condition
3999:any disk-unit error condition
1951:Branch or Branch on Indicator
1719:
476:The 1401 was available in six
147:for processing data stored on
1:
5128:IBM 1401G, booklet 520-1061-0
4822:"1401 Data Processing System"
4731:
4274:hypertape attention response
3471:process-control indicator on
2943:punch in backspace operation
2261:Move Characters to Word Mark
2236:Load Characters to Word Mark
1770:Optional (requires more than
236:Elements within IBM, notably
5998:Dynamic Logical Partitioning
5690:Shirriff, Ken (March 2021).
5379:Gansing, Kristoffer (2007).
5208:IBM 1401 Restoration Project
4664:Truck-based portable version
4595:
4584:
4573:
4551:
4529:
4518:
4507:
4496:
4485:
4474:
4463:
4452:
4441:
4430:
4419:
4377:
4366:
4355:
4344:
4333:
4322:
4300:
4289:
4278:
4256:
4245:
4234:
4223:
4212:
4201:
4190:
4179:
4146:
4135:
4124:
4091:
4069:
4047:
4043:printer error (record mark)
4036:
4025:
3992:
3959:
3926:
3893:
3882:
3871:
3860:
3849:
3838:
3827:
3816:
3805:
3717:
3658:transit-number indicator on
3629:
3570:account-number indicator on
3519:
3427:error reply acknowledgement
3420:
3383:valid process-control field
3321:
3200:
3068:
2925:
2914:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2532:
2529:
2526:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2018:
2015:
2012:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1355:
1352:
1345:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1222:
1219:
1216:
651:
290:Central Provident Fund Board
143:, it was aimed at replacing
118:3 index, in memory, optional
7:
5744:, workstations, and servers
4755:accounting machines plus a
4675:
4098:I/O channel-busy indicator
3592:valid transit-number field
3526:program attention required
3493:valid account-number field
3207:good transmission occurred
3196:transmission ended by GMWM
3130:reader-not-ready signal on
2987:control-check indicator on
2954:reader parity indicator on
2868:C 8 1
2818: 421
2793:C 42
2768:C 4 1
2718:C 21
2643:C 8 2
2615: A8 1
2590:C A8
2540: A 42
2512: A 4 1
2487:C A 4
2462: A 21
2437:C A 2
2410: A8 2
2385: B 8 1
2360:CB 8
2307: B 42
2282: B 4 1
2257:CB 4
2232: B 21
2203:CB 2
2178:CB 1
2151: B 8 2
2101: BA8
2001: BA 4
1947: BA 2
1922: BA 1
1841: 842
1816: 84 1
1791:C 84
1772:4000 characters of memory)
1763: 8 21
1618: A84
1568:C A 1
1440: B 84
1390:CBA
1048:
359:bits, terms taken from the
10:
6195:
6079:3790 Communications System
5241:IBM Personal Study Program
5033:"1401 Restoration Project"
4749:. MIT Press. p. 473.
4558:set direction to transmit
4241:last card (Reader unit 2)
4065:I/O check stop switch off
3680:valid serial-number field
3372:amount-field indicator on
2875:Optional special feature.
2850:Optional special feature.
2572:Optional special feature.
2547:Optional special feature.
2367:Optional special feature.
2342:Optional special feature.
2108:Optional special feature.
1798:Optional special feature.
1625:Optional special feature.
1158:The table is in Character
1038:
876:
836:to the print area (opcode
664:Booting and sample program
520:for a list of operations.
361:IBM 80 column punched card
159:
6107:
6066:
6037:
5956:
5855:
5797:
5769:1500 instructional system
5749:
5461:YouTube November 19, 2009
5450:
5210:. Computer History Museum
4634:IBM 1401, A User's Manual
4536:set direction to receive
4120:serial input-output busy
3834:carriage tape channel 12
2364:Store A-Address Register
2105:Store B-Address Register
2030:Move Characters and Edit
920:resistorātransistor logic
317:Mountain View, California
117:
110:
100:
90:
80:
72:
62:
54:
46:
38:
26:
6128:Minicomputers on Commons
5656:Lee, John A. N. (1967).
5485:YouTube February 2, 2018
5010:August 15, 2023, at the
4965:Emerson W. Pugh (1995).
4692:
4637:through music publisher
4514:suppress 3-second alarm
4252:last card if SS A is on
3988:unequal address compare
3977:unequal address compare
3966:unequal address compare
3812:carriage tape channel 9
3339:punch not ready to read
3251:read-check indicator on
1742:Blank with "even-parity"
848:and branch instruction))
840:, operands 065 and 213.
721:has a wordmark already.
589:Move Characters and Edit
199:stored-program computers
6084:8100 Information System
5845:7330 Magnetic Tape Unit
5742:mini/midrange computers
5530:IBM 1401 System Summary
5429:IBM 1401: The Mainframe
5417:IBM 1401: The Mainframe
4318:hypertape end response
3328:reply-bad indicator on
2822:Write, Read, and Punch
951:Standard Modular System
873:Hardware implementation
854:on the printer (opcode
313:Computer History Museum
298:Economic Planning Board
275:Computer History Museum
5993:Dealer Business System
5840:1442 card reader/punch
5830:1402 card reader/punch
5764:1442 card reader/punch
5606:1401 videos and sounds
5469:YouTube April 20, 2014
5075:Fedorkow, Guy (2015).
3449:read error or overrun
3042:hypertape unusual end
2569:Move and Insert Zeros
1127:This article contains
1120:Character and op codes
1036:
1005:
976:
939:printed circuit boards
900:diodeātransistor logic
895:
674:
518:Character and op codes
431:character and op codes
414:; the setting of bits
379:. Digit 0 is encoded
332:
277:
189:IBM 700 or 7000 series
177:
135:that was announced by
16:1960s decimal computer
6047:ThinkPad Power Series
6020:Quick Response Engine
5698:Jaeger, Jay (GitHub)
5658:Anatomy of a Compiler
5620:L. H. Haines (1965).
5500:IBM's Early Computers
4747:IBM's Early Computers
4627:avant-garde musician
4492:operate in load mode
3559:ready to read a line
3174:hypertape normal end
2338:Record or Group Mark
1027:being loaded onto an
1022:
1003:
974:
886:
330:
272:
167:
145:unit record equipment
5644:on February 14, 2012
5477:YouTube May 14, 2015
5340:on February 11, 2015
5053:on November 3, 2009.
4969:. MIT. p. 273.
4032:arithmetic overflow
3955:wrong-length record
3944:wrong-length record
3933:wrong-length record
3790:carriage channel 12
3394:hypertape attention
3240:reader transporting
3009:document to be read
2619:Move Characters and
2544:Branch if Bit Equal
2516:Branch if Word Mark
1023:A reel of half-inch
995:magnetic-core memory
371:are zero, the digit
5972:RS64 microprocessor
5703:IBM1410Console (C#)
5626:IBM Systems Journal
5522:Broadening the Base
5004:Mainframe transform
4936:, resembling IBM's
4889:on November 5, 2010
4631:released the album
3702:carriage channel 9
3460:header information
3438:punch overextended
3273:valid amount field
3064:transmission error
2336:Move Characters to
924:"drift" transistors
879:transistor computer
211:mainframe computers
130:variable-wordlength
23:
6138:Servers on Commons
6025:Single-level store
5700:IBM1410FPGA (VHDL)
5638:10.1147/sj.41.0073
5611:1401s I have Known
5566:on August 9, 2010.
5419:--Cultural impacts
5360:"1401-music-Movie"
5286:on August 29, 2012
5118:on August 9, 2010.
5102:IBM (April 1962).
4175:access inoperable
4164:access inoperable
4153:access inoperable
3625:write in progress
3603:character on line
3581:character on line
3548:timing mark check
2155:Zero and Subtract
1129:special characters
1037:
1006:
977:
896:
333:
282:mainframe computer
278:
178:
21:
6179:Decimal computers
6146:
6145:
6033:
6032:
5835:1403 line printer
5774:1627 drum plotter
5759:1132 line printer
5407:, VDG Weimar 2009
5393:on March 23, 2012
4952:"Using Liberator"
4828:. October 5, 1959
4629:JĆ³hann JĆ³hannsson
4623:In October 2006,
4613:
4612:
4606:
4605:
4388:
4387:
3801:system A stopped
3713:read in progress
3075:buffer available
2932:in run condition
2879:
2878:
2872:Start Punch Feed
2565:C A 421
2332:CB 421
2126:CBA8 1
2076: BA 421
2055:Control Carriage
2051:CBA 42
2026:CBA 4 1
1976:CBA 21
1895:CBA8 2
1868:C 8421
1705:Tape Segment Mark
1697: A8421
1670:C A842
1643:C A84 1
1593:C A8 21
1515: B 8421
1490:CB 842
1465:CB 84 1
1415:CB 8 21
1332: BA842
1307: BA84 1
1280:CBA84
1255: BA8 21
1197: Card
1135:rendering support
893:SMS circuit cards
658:storage positions
262:, in the form of
122:
121:
6186:
6136:
6135:
6126:
6125:
6116:
6115:
5988:Control Language
5978:
5977:
5732:
5725:
5718:
5709:
5708:
5695:
5686:
5661:
5653:
5651:
5649:
5640:. Archived from
5601:
5599:
5597:
5592:on March 9, 2011
5567:
5565:
5558:
5544:
5542:
5535:
5519:
5504:. MIT. pp.
5503:
5444:
5438:
5432:
5426:
5420:
5414:
5408:
5402:
5400:
5398:
5392:
5385:
5376:
5370:
5369:
5356:
5350:
5349:
5347:
5345:
5336:. Archived from
5326:
5317:
5316:
5314:
5312:
5302:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5285:
5279:. Archived from
5278:
5270:
5264:
5263:
5257:
5255:
5249:
5238:
5230:
5224:
5223:
5217:
5215:
5200:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5189:
5184:on July 16, 2012
5180:. Archived from
5173:
5167:
5166:
5159:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5143:
5135:
5129:
5126:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5110:
5099:
5093:
5092:
5090:
5083:
5072:
5066:
5061:
5055:
5054:
5049:. Archived from
5043:
5037:
5036:
5029:
5023:
5020:
5014:
5001:
4995:
4994:
4987:
4981:
4980:
4962:
4956:
4955:
4947:
4941:
4930:
4924:
4923:
4921:
4919:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4894:
4888:
4881:
4872:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4858:
4852:www.columbia.edu
4844:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4833:
4818:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4807:
4793:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4768:
4762:
4761:
4742:
4725:
4722:
4716:
4712:
4706:
4703:
4403:
4402:
4197:inquiry request
3856:unequal compare
3306:receive request
3163:ready to engage
3141:ready to engage
2898:
2897:
2885:
2869:
2847:Start Read Feed
2844:
2819:
2797:Write and Punch
2794:
2769:
2744:
2719:
2694:
2669:
2644:
2616:
2591:
2566:
2541:
2513:
2488:
2463:
2438:
2411:
2386:
2361:
2333:
2308:
2283:
2258:
2233:
2204:
2179:
2152:
2127:
2102:
2077:
2052:
2027:
2002:
1977:
1948:
1923:
1896:
1869:
1842:
1817:
1792:
1764:
1728:
1698:
1671:
1644:
1619:
1594:
1569:
1544:
1516:
1491:
1466:
1441:
1416:
1391:
1364:
1350:
1333:
1308:
1284:Clear Word Mark
1281:
1256:
1231:
1182:
1181:
1015:IBM 1403 printer
867:
857:
839:
835:
826:
816:
791:
780:
770:The program is:
762:
720:
716:
704:erased when the
699:
696:command (opcode
647:
641:
635:
628:
621:
614:
375:encoded in bits
355:bits are called
347:bits are called
133:decimal computer
31:
24:
20:
6194:
6193:
6189:
6188:
6187:
6185:
6184:
6183:
6159:IBM 1400 series
6149:
6148:
6147:
6142:
6103:
6062:
6058:Academic System
6029:
5976:
5952:
5851:
5793:
5745:
5736:
5647:
5645:
5595:
5593:
5582:
5574:
5563:
5556:
5550:
5540:
5533:
5527:
5516:
5492:
5490:Further reading
5453:
5448:
5447:
5439:
5435:
5427:
5423:
5415:
5411:
5396:
5394:
5390:
5383:
5377:
5373:
5358:
5357:
5353:
5343:
5341:
5334:work's web site
5328:
5327:
5320:
5310:
5308:
5304:
5303:
5299:
5289:
5287:
5283:
5276:
5272:
5271:
5267:
5253:
5251:
5247:
5236:
5232:
5231:
5227:
5213:
5211:
5202:
5201:
5197:
5187:
5185:
5174:
5170:
5161:
5160:
5156:
5148:
5141:
5137:
5136:
5132:
5127:
5123:
5115:
5108:
5100:
5096:
5088:
5084:. p. 143.
5081:
5073:
5069:
5062:
5058:
5045:
5044:
5040:
5031:
5030:
5026:
5021:
5017:
5012:Wayback Machine
5002:
4998:
4989:
4988:
4984:
4977:
4963:
4959:
4950:
4948:
4944:
4931:
4927:
4917:
4915:
4907:
4906:
4902:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4879:
4873:
4866:
4856:
4854:
4846:
4845:
4841:
4831:
4829:
4820:
4819:
4815:
4805:
4803:
4795:
4794:
4790:
4780:
4778:
4770:
4769:
4765:
4743:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4728:
4723:
4719:
4713:
4709:
4704:
4700:
4695:
4682:IBM 1400 series
4678:
4666:
4643:ElĆas DaviĆ°sson
4621:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4398:
4390:
3823:validity error
3636:end of message
3405:7740 attention
2892:
2867:
2842:
2817:
2792:
2772:Read and Punch
2767:
2742:
2722:Write and Read
2717:
2692:
2667:
2642:
2621:Suppress Zeros
2614:
2589:
2564:
2539:
2511:
2486:
2461:
2436:
2409:
2384:
2359:
2331:
2306:
2281:
2256:
2231:
2202:
2177:
2150:
2125:
2100:
2075:
2050:
2025:
2005:Move Numerical
2000:
1975:
1946:
1921:
1894:
1867:
1840:
1815:
1790:
1767:Modify Address
1762:
1726:
1696:
1669:
1642:
1617:
1592:
1567:
1542:
1514:
1489:
1464:
1439:
1414:
1389:
1362:
1331:
1306:
1279:
1254:
1229:
1155:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1133:Without proper
1122:
1114:IBM 1400 series
1051:
1043:
1031:tape drive. An
1017:
928:Herbert Kroemer
881:
875:
865:
855:
837:
833:
824:
814:
789:
778:
725:
718:
714:
697:
666:
654:
643:
637:
630:
623:
616:
609:
549:index registers
507:
472:C B A 8 4 2 1 M
325:
296:(1967; for the
288:(1963; for the
209:controller for
162:
141:IBM 1400 series
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6192:
6182:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6144:
6143:
6141:
6140:
6130:
6120:
6108:
6105:
6104:
6102:
6101:
6096:
6094:IntelliStation
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6070:
6068:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6060:
6055:
6051:Predecessors:
6049:
6043:
6041:
6035:
6034:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6011:
6010:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5984:
5982:
5975:
5974:
5969:
5962:
5960:
5954:
5953:
5951:
5950:
5945:
5944:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5924:Predecessors:
5922:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5896:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5867:
5861:
5859:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5849:
5848:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5803:
5801:
5795:
5794:
5792:
5791:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5755:
5753:
5747:
5746:
5735:
5734:
5727:
5720:
5712:
5706:
5705:
5696:
5687:
5678:
5672:
5662:
5617:
5608:
5603:
5580:
5573:
5572:External links
5570:
5569:
5568:
5548:
5525:
5514:
5491:
5488:
5487:
5486:
5478:
5470:
5462:
5452:
5449:
5446:
5445:
5443:--The IBM 1401
5433:
5421:
5409:
5371:
5351:
5318:
5297:
5265:
5225:
5204:"The IBM 1401"
5195:
5168:
5154:
5130:
5121:
5094:
5067:
5056:
5038:
5024:
5015:
4996:
4982:
4975:
4957:
4942:
4925:
4900:
4864:
4848:"The IBM 1401"
4839:
4813:
4788:
4772:"The IBM 1401"
4763:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4717:
4707:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4677:
4674:
4665:
4662:
4620:
4617:
4611:
4610:
4604:
4603:
4602:reset overlap
4600:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4582:
4581:
4578:
4575:
4571:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4560:
4559:
4556:
4553:
4549:
4548:
4547:write request
4545:
4542:
4538:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4527:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4516:
4515:
4512:
4509:
4505:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4494:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4472:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4461:
4460:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4449:
4446:
4443:
4439:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4428:
4427:
4424:
4421:
4417:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4386:
4385:
4384:early warning
4382:
4379:
4375:
4374:
4371:
4368:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4331:
4330:
4327:
4324:
4320:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4309:
4308:
4305:
4302:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4287:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4276:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4265:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4254:
4253:
4250:
4247:
4243:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4230:inquiry clear
4228:
4225:
4221:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4210:
4209:
4208:carriage busy
4206:
4203:
4199:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4188:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4177:
4176:
4173:
4170:
4166:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4144:
4143:
4140:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4100:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4066:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4045:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4011:
4008:
4005:
4001:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3968:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3935:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3913:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3902:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3891:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3880:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3869:
3868:
3867:equal compare
3865:
3862:
3858:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3847:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3832:
3829:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3814:
3813:
3810:
3807:
3803:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3785:
3781:
3780:
3779:ready to read
3777:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3759:
3758:
3757:ready to read
3755:
3752:
3748:
3747:
3744:
3741:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3726:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3715:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3671:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3627:
3626:
3623:
3620:
3616:
3615:
3614:carriage busy
3612:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3601:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3583:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3572:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3543:
3539:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3510:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3477:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3429:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3416:write request
3414:
3411:
3407:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3374:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3229:ready to read
3227:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3183:
3180:
3176:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3154:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3106:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3033:
3032:
3031:printer error
3029:
3026:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3011:
3010:
3007:
3004:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2978:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2945:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2891:
2888:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2777:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2617:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2520:
2514:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2412:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2343:
2340:
2334:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2208:
2205:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2153:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2003:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1959:
1952:
1949:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1900:
1897:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1870:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1843:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1732:
1729:
1724:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1699:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1651:Word Separator
1648:
1645:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1597:Set Word Mark
1595:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1572:Clear Storage
1570:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1525:(Mode Change)
1520:
1517:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1365:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1282:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1204:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1180:
1179:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1137:, you may see
1125:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1093:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1050:
1047:
1039:Main article:
1016:
1013:
877:Main article:
874:
871:
870:
869:
859:
849:
828:
818:
808:
806:Set Word Marks
782:
764:
763:
673:is always the
665:
662:
653:
650:
505:
435:
434:
427:
384:
324:
321:
161:
158:
120:
119:
115:
114:
108:
107:
104:
98:
97:
94:
88:
87:
84:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
66:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
40:
36:
35:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6191:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6156:
6154:
6139:
6131:
6129:
6121:
6119:
6111:
6110:
6106:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6071:
6069:
6065:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6044:
6042:
6040:
6036:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6009:
6006:
6005:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5985:
5983:
5979:
5973:
5970:
5967:
5964:
5963:
5961:
5959:
5955:
5949:
5948:Power Systems
5946:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5917:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5875:
5874:
5873:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5862:
5860:
5858:
5854:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5827:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5800:
5796:
5789:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5752:
5748:
5743:
5740:
5733:
5728:
5726:
5721:
5719:
5714:
5713:
5710:
5704:
5701:
5697:
5693:
5688:
5684:
5679:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5667:
5663:
5659:
5648:September 30,
5643:
5639:
5635:
5631:
5627:
5623:
5618:
5616:
5615:Tom Van Vleck
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5591:
5587:
5586:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5575:
5562:
5555:
5554:
5549:
5547:
5539:
5532:
5531:
5526:
5523:
5517:
5515:0-262-02225-7
5511:
5507:
5502:
5501:
5494:
5493:
5484:
5483:
5479:
5476:
5475:
5471:
5468:
5467:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5455:
5454:
5442:
5437:
5430:
5425:
5418:
5413:
5406:
5389:
5382:
5375:
5367:
5366:
5361:
5355:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5325:
5323:
5307:
5301:
5290:September 23,
5282:
5275:
5269:
5262:
5246:
5242:
5235:
5229:
5222:
5209:
5205:
5199:
5183:
5179:
5172:
5164:
5158:
5147:
5140:
5134:
5125:
5114:
5107:
5106:
5098:
5087:
5080:
5079:
5071:
5065:
5060:
5052:
5048:
5042:
5034:
5028:
5019:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5000:
4992:
4986:
4978:
4976:0-262-16147-8
4972:
4968:
4961:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4935:
4929:
4914:
4910:
4904:
4885:
4878:
4875:Spicer, Dag.
4871:
4869:
4853:
4849:
4843:
4827:
4823:
4817:
4802:
4801:ibm-1401.info
4798:
4792:
4777:
4773:
4767:
4760:
4758:
4754:
4748:
4741:
4737:
4721:
4711:
4702:
4698:
4688:
4687:Honeywell 200
4685:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4673:
4671:
4661:
4659:
4654:
4651:
4646:
4644:
4640:
4636:
4635:
4630:
4626:
4609:
4601:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4572:
4568:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4557:
4554:
4550:
4546:
4543:
4540:
4539:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4525:read request
4524:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4510:
4506:
4502:
4499:
4495:
4491:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4418:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4401:
4393:
4391:
4383:
4380:
4376:
4373:reader error
4372:
4369:
4365:
4361:
4358:
4354:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4306:
4303:
4299:
4295:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4186:printer busy
4185:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4167:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3965:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3932:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3896:
3892:
3889:high compare
3888:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3852:
3848:
3845:end of block
3844:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3647:reader ready
3646:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3522:
3518:
3515:printer busy
3514:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3504:document end
3503:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3482:document end
3481:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3350:empty hopper
3349:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3317:read request
3316:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3206:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3097:reader ready
3096:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2896:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2874:
2871:
2866:
2863:
2853:
2849:
2846:
2841:
2838:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2816:
2813:
2803:
2799:
2796:
2791:
2788:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2766:
2763:
2753:
2749:
2747:Punch a Card
2746:
2741:
2738:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2716:
2713:
2703:
2699:
2697:Write a Line
2696:
2691:
2688:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2666:
2663:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2641:
2638:
2628:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2610:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2588:
2585:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2563:
2560:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2538:
2535:
2525:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2510:
2507:
2497:
2493:
2491:Control Unit
2490:
2485:
2482:
2472:
2468:
2465:
2460:
2457:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2435:
2432:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2408:
2405:
2395:
2391:
2388:
2383:
2380:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2358:
2355:
2345:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2327:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2305:
2302:
2292:
2288:
2286:No Operation
2285:
2280:
2277:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2255:
2252:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2230:
2227:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2198:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2176:
2173:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2149:
2146:
2136:
2132:
2129:
2124:
2121:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2099:
2096:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2074:
2071:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2046:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2024:
2021:
2011:
2007:
2004:
1999:
1996:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1945:
1942:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1920:
1917:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1899:Zero and Add
1898:
1893:
1890:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1866:
1863:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1839:
1836:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1814:
1811:
1801:
1797:
1794:
1789:
1786:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1761:
1758:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1695:
1692:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1668:
1665:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1616:
1613:
1603:
1599:
1596:
1591:
1588:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1566:
1563:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1513:
1510:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1488:
1485:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1463:
1460:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1438:
1435:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1413:
1410:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1388:
1385:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1349:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1330:
1327:
1317:
1313:
1310:
1305:
1302:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1278:
1275:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1253:
1250:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1228:
1225:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1151:
1149:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1130:
1117:
1115:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1046:
1042:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1012:
1009:
1002:
998:
996:
991:
989:
984:
982:
973:
969:
967:
963:
959:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
935:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
894:
890:
885:
880:
863:
860:
853:
850:
847:
843:
834:HELLO, WORLD!
832:
829:
822:
821:Clear Storage
819:
812:
811:Clear Storage
809:
807:
803:
802:Set Word Mark
799:
798:Set Word Mark
795:
794:Set Word Mark
787:
786:Set Word Mark
783:
776:
775:Set Word Mark
773:
772:
771:
768:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
723:
722:
710:
707:
703:
695:
690:
689:Set Word Mark
685:
684:Set Word Mark
681:
680:Set Word Mark
678:
677:
671:
661:
659:
649:
646:
640:
633:
626:
619:
612:
605:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
561:
558:
552:
550:
545:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
521:
519:
514:
511:
504:
502:
497:
495:
491:
487:
482:
479:
474:
473:
469:
466:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
439:
432:
428:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
365:
364:
362:
358:
354:
351:bits and the
350:
346:
342:
338:
329:
320:
318:
314:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
276:
271:
267:
265:
261:
258:
254:
253:Honeywell 200
249:
247:
243:
239:
238:John Haanstra
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
219:magnetic tape
216:
212:
208:
203:
200:
195:
192:
190:
185:
183:
175:
171:
166:
157:
154:
150:
149:punched cards
146:
142:
138:
134:
131:
127:
116:
113:
109:
105:
103:
99:
95:
93:
89:
85:
83:
79:
76:Memory-Memory
75:
71:
67:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
30:
25:
19:
5871:
5826:peripherals
5806:
5784:1627 plotter
5657:
5646:. Retrieved
5642:the original
5632:(1): 73ā80.
5629:
5625:
5596:November 17,
5594:. Retrieved
5590:the original
5584:
5561:the original
5552:
5545:
5529:
5521:
5499:
5481:
5473:
5465:
5457:
5436:
5424:
5412:
5404:
5397:November 29,
5395:. Retrieved
5388:the original
5374:
5363:
5354:
5342:. Retrieved
5338:the original
5333:
5309:. Retrieved
5300:
5288:. Retrieved
5281:the original
5268:
5259:
5252:. Retrieved
5240:
5228:
5219:
5212:. Retrieved
5207:
5198:
5186:. Retrieved
5182:the original
5176:Rob Storey.
5171:
5157:
5133:
5124:
5113:the original
5104:
5097:
5077:
5070:
5059:
5051:the original
5041:
5027:
5018:
4999:
4991:"Milestones"
4985:
4966:
4960:
4945:
4928:
4916:. Retrieved
4913:IBM Archives
4912:
4903:
4891:. Retrieved
4884:the original
4855:. Retrieved
4851:
4842:
4830:. Retrieved
4826:IBM Archives
4825:
4816:
4804:. Retrieved
4800:
4791:
4779:. Retrieved
4775:
4766:
4750:
4746:
4740:
4720:
4710:
4701:
4669:
4667:
4655:
4647:
4632:
4622:
4619:1401 culture
4607:
4591:overlap off
4399:
4389:
4351:reader busy
4219:punch error
4087:access busy
4076:access busy
4048:( or %
3878:low compare
3768:auto-select
3735:end of file
3724:end of file
3361:marked line
3119:end of line
3108:full buffer
3086:punch ready
2965:auto select
2893:
2880:
2672:Read a Card
2620:
2518:and/or Zone
2517:
2469:(1460 only)
2417:
2337:
2158:
1902:
1875:
1849:Greater Than
1848:
1771:
1741:
1739:
1721:
1704:
1678:Left Oblique
1677:
1650:
1522:
1370:
1339:
1287:
1212:& Notes
1209:
1201:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1145:
1126:
1111:
1052:
1044:
1010:
1007:
992:
985:
980:
978:
946:
936:
931:
918:, a type of
915:
911:
907:
903:
897:
888:
861:
852:Write a Line
851:
845:
841:
830:
827:operand 332)
820:
817:operand 299)
810:
805:
801:
797:
793:
785:
774:
769:
765:
761:ELLO, WORLD!
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
711:
705:
701:
693:
688:
683:
679:
669:
667:
657:
655:
644:
638:
631:
624:
617:
610:
606:
600:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
562:
553:
546:
537:
533:
529:
525:
522:
515:
508:
498:
494:Write a line
493:
490:Punch a card
489:
485:
483:
475:
471:
470:
467:
462:
458:
450:
447:parity check
442:
440:
436:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
380:
376:
368:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
334:
323:Architecture
310:
279:
250:
235:
204:
196:
193:
186:
182:Bull Gamma 3
179:
153:Ford Model-T
125:
123:
18:
6089:BladeCenter
5966:Advanced/36
5926:PS/2 Server
5905:System 9000
5520:Chapter 12
5431:-- Overview
5344:January 29,
5311:January 29,
5064:IBM and BCD
4776:www.ibm.com
4759:calculator.
4503:overlap on
4362:punch busy
4235:+ or &
4142:tape error
3911:disk error
3900:disk error
2895:be tested.
2418:Record Mark
1102:disk drive.
988:bubble wrap
960:or simpler
955:7400 series
943:gold-plated
784:Additional
597:record-mark
501:instruction
499:The 1401's
486:Read a card
341:B,A,8,4,2,1
294:South Korea
6153:Categories
5857:IBM System
4781:January 5,
4732:References
4409:Character
4109:tape busy
2998:late read
2904:Character
2594:Move Zone
2466:Translate
2159:Minus Zero
2058:(Printer)
1371:Group Mark
1210:Definition
1206:Operation
1188:Character
1162:Sequence.
1096:FORTRAN IV
1085:FORTRAN II
1060:assembler.
966:flip-flops
593:group-mark
503:format is
246:System/360
207:peripheral
102:Endianness
55:Introduced
5936:Netfinity
5931:PC Server
5920:iDataPlex
5893:System/38
5888:System/36
5883:System/34
5878:System/32
4938:Autocoder
4934:Easycoder
4857:March 28,
4625:Icelandic
4580:send EOF
2441:Subtract
1903:Plus Zero
1876:Tape Mark
1795:Multiply
1744:on tape.
1722:0
1340:Less Than
1160:Collating
1064:Autocoder
668:When the
652:IBM 1401G
557:word mark
455:word mark
339:, called
286:Singapore
260:emulation
257:microcode
191:systems.
112:Registers
92:Branching
6118:Category
6099:Series/1
5915:System x
5910:System p
5900:System/7
5870:System/3
5865:System/3
5799:IBM 1400
5751:IBM 1130
5538:Archived
5254:July 15,
5245:Archived
5214:July 15,
5188:July 15,
5146:Archived
5086:Archived
5008:Archived
5006:ibm.com
4806:July 28,
4676:See also
4670:portable
4415:Meaning
2910:Meaning
2214:section
1980:Compare
1958:section
1194:Print-H
1191:Print-A
1148:mnemonic
1100:IBM 1311
1049:Software
1041:IBM 1403
1033:IBM 1403
864:(opcode
777:(opcode
573:Multiply
569:Subtract
542:IBM 1406
445:for odd
306:Pakistan
242:IBM 1410
231:spooling
227:IBM 1403
223:IBM 1402
215:IBM 7090
176:Printer.
126:IBM 1401
86:Variable
82:Encoding
39:Designer
22:IBM 1401
6074:IBM 801
6039:RS/6000
5941:eServer
5788:Calcomp
5365:YouTube
4918:June 2,
4893:May 27,
4832:June 2,
4650:kitschy
4563:
4541:
4475:= or #
4312:
4268:
4169:
4158:
4114:
4103:
4081:
4059:
4015:
4004:
3982:
3971:
3949:
3938:
3916:
3905:
3828:' or @
3795:
3784:
3773:
3762:
3751:
3740:
3729:
3707:
3696:
3685:
3674:
3663:
3652:
3641:
3619:
3608:
3597:
3586:
3575:
3564:
3553:
3542:
3531:
3509:
3498:
3487:
3476:
3465:
3454:
3443:
3432:
3410:
3399:
3388:
3377:
3366:
3355:
3344:
3333:
3311:
3300:
3289:
3278:
3267:
3256:
3245:
3234:
3223:
3212:
3190:
3179:
3168:
3157:
3146:
3135:
3124:
3113:
3102:
3091:
3080:
3058:
3047:
3036:
3025:
3014:
3003:
2992:
2981:
2970:
2959:
2948:
2937:
2825:
2800:
2775:
2750:
2725:
2700:
2675:
2650:
2647:
2625:
2597:(Bits)
2522:
2494:(Tape)
2444:
2414:
2392:
2389:
2314:
2311:
2289:
2264:
2239:
2185:
2182:
2133:
2130:
2083:
2080:
2033:
2008:(Bits)
1983:
1929:
1872:
1861:
1858:
1845:
1834:
1831:
1823:
1820:
1809:
1806:
1731:
1701:
1690:
1687:
1674:
1663:
1660:
1647:
1636:
1633:
1622:Divide
1600:
1575:
1550:
1547:
1519:
1511:11-7-8
1508:
1505:
1497:
1494:
1486:11-6-8
1483:
1480:
1472:
1469:
1461:11-5-8
1458:
1455:
1447:
1444:
1436:11-4-8
1422:
1419:
1411:11-3-8
1397:
1394:
1367:
1363:CBA8421
1359:12-7-8
1356:
1353:
1336:
1328:12-6-8
1325:
1322:
1314:
1311:
1303:12-5-8
1300:
1297:
1288:Lozenge
1276:12-4-8
1262:
1251:12-3-8
1237:
1234:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1029:IBM 729
949:cards (
634:700,850
627:690,840
620:695,845
613:700,850
581:Compare
510:Opcodes
416:8,4,2,1
377:8,4,2,1
357:numeric
353:8,4,2,1
343:. The
160:History
6008:object
6003:OS/400
5958:AS/400
5512:
5451:Videos
4973:
4608:
4569:reset
4420:Blank
2976:error
2915:Blank
2406:0-2-8
1888:&
1885:&
1693:0-7-8
1666:0-6-8
1639:0-5-8
1614:0-4-8
1589:0-3-8
1380:&
1377:&
1217:Blank
1202:w/o M
1090:p-code
757:065213
745:052053
741:051029
737:044022
733:040015
729:036008
676:dyadic
577:Divide
532:2000,
528:1000,
478:memory
433:table.
406:, and
292:) and
64:Design
6067:Other
6053:RT PC
5564:(PDF)
5557:(PDF)
5541:(PDF)
5534:(PDF)
5391:(PDF)
5384:(PDF)
5284:(PDF)
5277:(PDF)
5261:time.
5248:(PDF)
5237:(PDF)
5149:(PDF)
5142:(PDF)
5116:(PDF)
5109:(PDF)
5089:(PDF)
5082:(PDF)
4887:(PDF)
4880:(PDF)
4693:Notes
4658:Nepal
4599:1402
4588:1402
4577:1009
4555:1009
4533:1009
4511:1009
4500:1402
4489:1009
4478:1444
4467:1402
4456:1402
4445:1402
4434:1402
4423:1401
4412:Unit
4381:1448
4378:<
4370:1402
4359:1402
4348:1402
4340:SS G
4337:1401
4329:SS F
4326:1401
4315:7340
4307:SS E
4304:1401
4296:SS D
4293:1401
4285:SS C
4282:1401
4271:7340
4263:SS B
4260:1401
4249:1402
4238:1442
4227:1407
4216:1402
4205:1403
4194:1407
4183:1403
4172:1405
4161:1311
4150:1301
4095:1419
4084:1311
4073:1301
4062:1440
4051:1401
4040:1403
4029:1401
4018:1405
4007:1311
3996:1301
3985:1405
3974:1311
3963:1301
3952:1405
3941:1311
3930:1301
3919:1405
3908:1311
3897:1301
3886:1401
3875:1401
3864:1401
3853:1401
3842:1448
3839:>
3831:1403
3820:1404
3809:1403
3787:1448
3776:1428
3765:1419
3754:1418
3743:1412
3732:1285
3721:1009
3699:1445
3688:1428
3677:1419
3666:1418
3655:1412
3644:1285
3633:1009
3611:1445
3600:1428
3589:1419
3578:1418
3567:1412
3556:1285
3545:1231
3534:1011
3523:1009
3512:1445
3501:1428
3490:1419
3479:1418
3468:1412
3457:1285
3446:1231
3435:1011
3424:1009
3402:7740
3391:7340
3380:1419
3369:1412
3358:1285
3347:1231
3336:1011
3325:1009
3303:7740
3292:7340
3281:1428
3270:1419
3259:1418
3248:1412
3237:1285
3226:1231
3215:1011
3204:1009
3182:7740
3171:7340
3160:1428
3149:1419
3138:1418
3127:1412
3116:1285
3105:1231
3094:1011
3083:1011
3072:1009
3050:7740
3039:7340
3028:1445
3017:1428
3006:1419
2995:1418
2984:1412
2973:1285
2962:1231
2951:1011
2940:1011
2929:1009
2918:1401
2907:Unit
2381:11-9
2356:11-8
2328:11-7
2303:11-6
2278:11-5
2253:11-4
2228:11-3
2199:11-2
2174:11-1
2147:11-0
2122:12-9
2097:12-8
2072:12-7
2047:12-6
2022:12-5
1997:12-4
1972:12-3
1943:12-2
1918:12-1
1891:12-0
1828:>
1523:Delta
1319:<
1259:Halt
1079:FARGO
1073:COBOL
981:gates
908:Alloy
424:B,A,1
410:from
402:from
394:from
302:India
128:is a
5822:1460
5817:1440
5812:1410
5807:1401
5650:2008
5598:2009
5510:ISBN
5399:2017
5346:2015
5313:2015
5292:2015
5256:2012
5216:2012
5190:2012
4971:ISBN
4920:2010
4895:2011
4859:2024
4834:2010
4808:2023
4783:2024
4566:DDC
4544:DDC
4522:DDC
4139:TAU
4128:TAU
4117:SIO
4106:TAU
3798:DDC
3710:DDC
3622:DDC
3413:DDC
3314:DDC
3193:DDC
3061:DDC
2611:0-9
2586:0-8
2561:0-7
2536:0-6
2508:0-5
2483:0-4
2458:0-3
2433:0-2
2210:See
1954:See
1926:Add
1864:7-8
1837:6-8
1812:5-8
1787:4-8
1759:3-8
1720:N/A
1564:0-1
1200:BCD
1025:tape
912:CTRL
889:gate
862:Halt
846:Halt
842:Move
831:Move
706:Read
694:Read
670:LOAD
536:and
516:See
453:for
449:and
420:12,1
349:zone
337:bits
304:and
174:1403
170:1402
124:The
73:Type
68:CISC
58:1959
47:Bits
5739:IBM
5634:doi
5506:717
4757:604
4753:407
4639:4AD
4497:$
4407:BCD
2902:BCD
1736:RPQ
1539:11
1408:$
1405:$
1402:$
1386:12
1186:BCD
1106:RPG
962:MSI
958:SSI
947:SMS
759:2.H
753:332
749:299
702:not
565:Add
392:B,A
381:8,2
373:BCD
369:B,A
345:B,A
315:in
264:ROM
137:IBM
106:Big
42:IBM
6155::
5670:LP
5668:/
5666:CD
5628:.
5624:.
5613:,
5508:.
5362:.
5332:.
5321:^
5258:.
5239:.
5218:.
5206:.
5144:.
4911:.
4867:^
4850:.
4824:.
4799:.
4774:.
4596:)
4585:.
4574:F
4552:E
4530:D
4519:C
4508:A
4486:L
4464:8
4453:4
4442:2
4431:1
4367:?
4356:I
4345:H
4334:G
4323:F
4301:E
4290:D
4279:C
4257:B
4246:A
4224:*
4213:!
4202:R
4191:Q
4180:P
4147:N
4136:L
4125:K
4092:J
4070:\
4037:ā”
4026:Z
3993:Y
3960:X
3927:W
3894:V
3883:U
3872:T
3861:S
3850:/
3817:0
3806:9
3718:8
3630:7
3520:6
3421:5
3322:4
3201:3
3069:2
2926:1
2864:9
2861:9
2858:9
2855:9
2839:8
2836:8
2833:8
2830:8
2814:7
2811:7
2808:7
2805:7
2789:6
2786:6
2783:6
2780:6
2764:5
2761:5
2758:5
2755:5
2739:4
2736:4
2733:4
2730:4
2714:3
2711:3
2708:3
2705:3
2689:2
2686:2
2683:2
2680:2
2664:1
2661:1
2658:1
2655:1
2639:0
2636:0
2633:0
2630:0
2608:Z
2605:Z
2602:Z
2583:Y
2580:Y
2577:Y
2558:X
2555:X
2552:X
2533:W
2530:W
2527:W
2505:V
2502:V
2499:V
2480:U
2477:U
2474:U
2455:T
2452:T
2449:T
2430:S
2427:S
2424:S
2403:ā”
2400:ā”
2397:ā”
2378:R
2375:R
2372:R
2353:Q
2350:Q
2347:Q
2325:P
2322:P
2319:P
2300:O
2297:O
2294:O
2275:N
2272:N
2269:N
2250:M
2247:M
2244:M
2225:L
2222:L
2219:L
2196:K
2193:K
2190:K
2171:J
2168:J
2165:J
2144:-
2141:-
2138:!
2119:I
2116:I
2113:I
2094:H
2091:H
2088:H
2069:G
2066:G
2063:G
2044:F
2041:F
2038:F
2019:E
2016:E
2013:E
1994:D
1991:D
1988:D
1969:C
1966:C
1963:C
1940:B
1937:B
1934:B
1915:A
1912:A
1909:A
1882:?
1855:ā
1803::
1784:'
1781:@
1778:@
1756:=
1753:#
1750:#
1717:ā”
1714:ā”
1711:Ę
1684:ā§»
1657:\
1630:Ė
1611:(
1608:%
1605:%
1586:,
1583:,
1580:,
1561:/
1558:/
1555:/
1536:-
1533:-
1530:-
1502:Ī
1477:;
1452:]
1433:*
1430:*
1427:*
1383:+
1294:[
1273:)
1270:ā
1267:ā
1248:.
1245:.
1242:.
1116:.
983:.
642:,
636:,
622:,
615:,
587:,
583:,
579:,
575:,
571:,
567:,
457:.
404:11
398:,
396:12
390::
363:.
319:.
184:.
5968:*
5872:X
5790:)
5786:(
5731:e
5724:t
5717:v
5694:.
5685:.
5652:.
5636::
5630:4
5600:.
5518:.
5401:.
5368:.
5348:.
5315:.
5294:.
5192:.
5165:.
5035:.
4993:.
4979:.
4954:.
4940:.
4922:.
4897:.
4861:.
4836:.
4810:.
4785:.
1176:C
1172:C
1168:C
1141:.
1131:.
1088:"
914:(
868:)
866:.
856:2
838:L
825:/
815:/
790:,
779:,
755:L
751:/
747:/
743:,
739:,
735:,
731:,
727:,
719:,
715:,
698:1
645:A
639:A
632:A
625:A
618:A
611:A
538:A
534:B
530:B
526:A
463:C
459:M
451:M
443:C
426:.
412:0
408:A
400:B
383:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
