20:
381:
The primary improvements of the 709 over the previous 704 involved more magnetic-core memory and apparently the first use of independent I/O channels. Whereas I/O on 704 is a programmed function of the central processor - data words are transferred to or from the I/O register, one at a time, using a
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executed old IBM 704 programs on the IBM 709. This was the first commercially available emulator. Registers and most 704 instructions were emulated in 709 hardware. Complex 704 instructions such as floating-point trap and input-output routines were emulated in 709 software.
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field from the contents of the index registers. The implementation requires that the second two bits of the instruction code be non-zero, giving a total of six possible type A instructions. One (STR, instruction code binary 101) was not implemented until the IBM 709.
372:
The instruction set implicitly subdivides the data format into the same fields as type A instructions: prefix, decrement, tag and address. Instructions exist to modify each of these fields in a data word without changing the remainder of the word.
83:
It was a large system; customer installations used 100 to 250 kW to run them and almost as much again on the cooling. It weighed about 2,110 pounds (960 kg) (without peripheral equipment). The 709 was built using
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Magnetic Core
Storage used on the 709 was also a milestone of hybrid technology. Although the core array drivers all used vacuum tubes, the read sense amplifiers were a very early use of transistors in computing.
382:"copy" instruction - the 709 uses the IBM-766 data synchronizer, which provides two independently "programmed" I/O channels. Up to three Data Synchronizers can be attached to a 709, each able to control up to 20
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card-reader and 721 card punch. This allows six times as many I/O devices on 709, and allows I/O to proceed on multiple devices while program execution continues in parallel. Up to two IBM 733
288:
field in the instruction is a bit map specifying which of the registers participate in the operation, however if more than one index register is specified, their contents are combined by a
630:
331:
Type B instructions have, in sequence, a 12-bit instruction code (with the second and third bits set to 0 to distinguish them from type A instructions), a 2-bit
517:
706:
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whose contents are subtracted from the base address instead of being added to it. All three index registers can participate in an instruction: the 3-bit
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813:
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units, each with 8,192 words of memory, could be attached independently from the Data
Synchronizers. The 709 could initially load programs (
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and could execute 42,000 add or subtract instructions per second. It could multiply two 36-bit integers at a rate of 5000 per second.
699:
803:
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777:
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42:
in
January 1957 and first installed during August 1958. The 709 was an improved version of its predecessor, the
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field. They are conditional jump operations based on the values in the decrement registers specified in the
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There are five instruction formats, referred to as Types A, B, C, D and E. Most instructions are of type B.
808:
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Use of the big computer, second of its type to come off the assembly line, is being given to the WDPC (...)
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626:
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351:
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95:, in 1958, only a year after the announcement of the 709, thus cutting short the 709's product life.
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numbers have a sign, an 8-bit excess-128 exponent and a 27-bit fraction (there was no "hidden bit").
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24:
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arithmetic, leading zero suppression, and several other operations. The 709 had 32,768 words of
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The IBM 709 has a 38-bit accumulator, a 36-bit multiplier/quotient register, and three 15-bit
62:
8:
489:. Stanford-Sloan Program, Graduate School of Business, Stanford University. p. 8.
543:
463:
672:
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524:. September 16, 1958: The IBM 709 computer arrives (26 tons of iron). Archived from
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19:
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724:
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The
Composition of the Computer Market: Past, Present, Future : a Report
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of scientific computers. The improvements included overlapped input/output,
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Fisher, Franklin M.; McKie, James W.; Mancke, Richard B. (October 1983).
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IBM and the U.S. data processing industry: an economic history
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IBM announced a transistorized version of the 709, called the
54:, and three "convert" instructions which provided support for
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675:– BRL report, (details of each installation) with photos
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Types C, D and E are used for specialized instructions.
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Programming and Coding the IBM 709-7090-7094 Computers
576:
BRL report, (details of each installation) with photos
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590:IBM 709 Reference Manual, Form A22-6501-0, 1958
303:Type A instructions have, in sequence, a 3-bit
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563:IBM 709 at Columbia University history page
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638:(1 ed.). New York / London / Sydney:
350:Fixed-point numbers are stored in binary
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625:Sherman, Philip M. (1963). Written at
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38:system that was initially announced by
814:Computer-related introductions in 1958
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503:An introduction to automatic computers
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482:
688:
567:
679:IBM 709 page at Columbia University
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602:"From the IBM 704 to the IBM 7094"
364:Alphanumeric characters are 6-bit
14:
830:
660:
335:field, four unused bits, a 3-bit
629:, Murray Hill, New Jersey, USA.
648:from the original on 2020-06-18
323:field. Some also subtract the
673:IBM 709 Data Processing System
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574:IBM 709 Data Processing System
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1:
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420:List of vacuum tube computers
307:(instruction code), a 15-bit
506:. Van Nostrand. p. 192.
296:Instruction and data formats
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80:was introduced for the 709.
46:, and was the third of the
7:
640:John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
627:Bell Telephone Laboratories
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402:) from card, tape or drum.
390:alphanumeric line printer,
23:IBM 709 front panel at the
16:Vacuum tube computer system
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667:709 Data Processing System
522:personal.anderson.ucla.edu
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804:IBM vacuum tube computers
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715:IBM vacuum tube computers
483:Schulz, Peter R. (1970).
292:operation, not addition.
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78:FORTRAN Assembly Program
462:. Praeger. p. 37.
368:, packed six to a word.
25:Computer History Museum
548:: CS1 maint: others (
431:SHARE Operating System
27:
352:sign/magnitude format
270:Program Counter
212:Sense Indicator
68:An optional hardware
22:
500:Chapin, Ned (1963).
339:field, and a 15-bit
315:field, and a 15-bit
201:Multiplier/Quotient
63:magnetic core memory
809:IBM 700/7000 series
518:"WDPC Negotiations"
386:tape drives and an
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52:indirect addressing
48:IBM 700/7000 series
104:IBM 709 registers
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28:
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357:Single-precision
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819:36-bit computers
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619:Further reading
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258:Program counter
218:Index registers
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661:External links
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181:Data registers
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681:– with photos
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669:– IBM history
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600:John Savard.
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528:on 2006-09-12
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650:. Retrieved
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605:. Retrieved
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530:. Retrieved
526:the original
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427:CRT recorder
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86:vacuum tubes
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31:
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377:I/O channel
190:Accumlator
798:Categories
652:2020-06-18
607:2009-11-15
532:2018-01-21
443:References
290:logical or
725:305 RAMAC
325:decrement
309:decrement
99:Registers
783:AN/FSQ-8
778:AN/FSQ-7
643:Archived
544:cite web
414:See also
252:Index 3
241:Index 2
230:Index 1
93:IBM 7090
70:emulator
36:computer
425:IBM 740
407:IBM 738
392:IBM 711
388:IBM 716
384:IBM 729
343:field.
341:address
317:address
264:
246:
235:
224:
206:
195:
56:decimal
44:IBM 704
32:IBM 709
466:
437:SQUOZE
305:prefix
60:36-bit
646:(PDF)
636:(PDF)
433:(SOS)
34:is a
770:SAGE
550:link
464:ISBN
405:The
400:boot
333:flag
249:XR3
238:XR2
227:XR1
165:...
157:...
144:...
136:...
128:...
76:The
30:The
760:709
755:705
750:704
745:702
740:701
735:650
730:610
366:BCD
337:tag
321:tag
313:tag
286:tag
267:PC
209:SI
198:MQ
187:AC
40:IBM
800::
581:^
546:}}
542:{{
535:.
520:.
88:.
708:e
701:t
694:v
655:.
610:.
552:)
472:.
354:.
169:0
161:7
153:4
148:5
140:3
132:1
124:5
119:6
114:7
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
