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788:"A los indios, mestizos y criollos de los reinos y provincias del grande y riquíssimo imperio del Perú, el Inca Garcilasso de la Vega, su hermano, compatriota y paisano, salud y felicidad." (To the Indians, Mestizos and Creoles of the kingdoms and provinces of the large and riquíssimo empire of Peru, the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega, their brother, compatriot and fellow countryman, wishes health and happiness.) Prólogo a
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as benevolent rulers who governed a country where everybody was well-fed and happy before the
Spanish came. Having learned first-hand about daily Inca life from his maternal relatives, he was able to convey that in his writings. As an adult, he also gained the perspective to describe accurately the political system of tribute and labor enforced by the Incas from the subsidiary tribes in their empire.
338:, where he met his father's brother, Alonso de Vargas, who acted as the young man's protector and helped him make his way. The younger man soon traveled to Madrid to seek official acknowledgement as his father's son from the Crown, and he was allowed to take the name of Garcilaso de la Vega. Also referred to as
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He received a first-rate but informal
European education in Spain after he moved there at age 21. His works are considered to have great literary value and are not simple historical chronicles. He wrote from an important perspective, as his maternal family were the ruling Inca. He portrays the Inca
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He remained in Spain and did not return to Peru. As warfare continued in the conquest, he was at political and even physical risk there because of his royal Inca lineage. It is recorded that he died in Córdoba on 23 April 1616, but it could have been up to two days earlier because of the inaccuracy
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After his father's death in 1559, Vega moved to Spain in 1561, seeking official acknowledgement as his father's son. His paternal uncle became a protector, and he lived in Spain for the rest of his life, where he wrote his histories of the Inca culture and
Spanish conquest, as well as an account of
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Luisa Martel, who was only four years older than Gómez. As such, Gómez lived with his mother, her husband Juan de
Pedroche, her Inca family and her two daughters, De la Vega's half-sisters Ana Ruíz, who went on to marry Martín de Bustinza, and Luisa de Herrera, who married Pedro Márquez de Galeoto
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and the expansion of its empire from a viewpoint influenced by his upbringing. He did not acknowledge or discuss the human sacrifices that are now known to have been part of Inca practice. It is unknown whether that was an effort to portray his Inca ancestors in a more positive light to a
Spanish
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from early boyhood. He lived with his mother's family for the first ten years of his life before his father took the boy into his household and gave him an education. Garcilaso received an inheritance when his father died in 1559. The next year, at the age of 21, he left Peru for Spain.
333:
Suárez de
Figueroa reached Spain in 1561 while there was still fighting in his native country under the conquest. He may have studied Latin in Seville under the tutelage of Pedro Sánchez de Herrera. The Spanish did not achieve their final victory until 1572. He traveled to
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He had at least two sons, born of relationships with different servants. One son was recorded as being born in 1570; he might have died at a very young age. With another servant, Garcilaso had a second son, Diego de Vargas, born in 1590, who helped his father copy the
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in 1605 and became popular. It describes the expedition according to its own records and information
Garcilaso gathered during the years. He defended the legitimacy of imposing the Spanish sovereignty in conquered territories and submitting them to
805:“He told many delightful stories about his childhood in Cuzco. But as a historian Garcilaso has forfeited my confidence: he meanders, forgets, romanticises or blatantly distorts too often to remain authorative.”
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history, culture, and society. His work was widely read in Europe, influential and well received. It was the first literature by an author born in the
Americas to enter the western canon.
526:, published in Lisbon in 1609. It was based mostly on stories and oral histories told him by his Inca relatives when he was a child in Cusco, but also on the remnants of the history by
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The book was not printed again in the
Americas until 1918, but copies continued to be circulated secretly. It was translated and printed in English in 1961 in the United States as
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or "Inca
Garcilaso de la Vega", he received an informal education in Spain. Together with his uncle's support, gaining his father's name helped him integrate into Spanish society.
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warn against relying on Garcilaso, noting serious problems with the sequence of events and location of towns in his narrative. They say that "some historians regard Garcilaso's
615:, there is a statue dedicated to Inca Garcilaso de la Vega which was erected in 1967. A similar statue, dated 1973, stands in the Plaza República del Perú in
1050:
857:
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Schreffler, Michael J. and Jessica Welton. "Garcilaso de la Vega and the 'New Peruvian Man': José Sabogal's frescoes at the Hotel Cusco,"
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More than a century and a half after its initial publication, in the 1780s, as the uprising against colonial oppression led by
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and a royal Inca mother. He was born during the early years of the Spanish conquest. His father was Spanish captain and
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jurisdiction. At the same time, he expresses and defends the dignity, the courage, and the rationality of the
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It is possible that his eldest son was the 'Admiral' Lope de Vega, who commanded a ship in the fleet of
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have two sections and volumes. The first was primarily about Inca life. The second, about the
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to be more a work of literature than a work of history." Lankford characterizes Garcilaso's
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850:"Garcilaso Inca de la Vega - Biography. Selections from the Library of José Durand"
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audience or his ignorance of the practice having lived most of his life in Spain.
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The First America: The Spanish Monarchy, Creole Patriots, and the Liberal State
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and the boy was given only his mother's surname. Under the Spanish system of
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CHASQUI/Peruvian Mail. Cultural Bulletin of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
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886:"Inca Garcilaso de la Vega" by José Carlos Rovira and Remedios Mataix.
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De la Vega entered Spanish military service in 1570 and fought in the
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944:. Fayetteville, Arkansas: University of Arkansas Press. p. 175.
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The Expedition of Hernando de Soto West of the Mississippi 1541–1543
803:: “The conquest of the Incas.” Macmillan, 1993, ISBN 0-333-10683-0:
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407:. He received the rank of captain for his services to the Crown.
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915:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida. p. 6.
470:'s expedition and journey in Florida. The work was published in
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737:. New York: Cambridge University Press 1991, pp. 255–71.
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or distributed there on account of its "dangerous" content.
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University of Notre Dame Rare Books and Special Collections
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Royal Commentaries of the Incas and General History of Peru
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Coat of arms of Garcilaso illustrated in a 1609 document
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and a granddaughter (not a niece) of the powerful Inca
483:. It was translated and published in English in 1951.
280:. She was descended from Inca nobility, a daughter of
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Noble David Cook, "Garcilaso de la Vega, el Inca" in
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While in Spain, Garcilaso wrote his best-known work,
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296:that developed, he would have been classified as a
817:Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture
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940:. In Young, Gloria A; Michael P. Hoffman (eds.).
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897:This claim was inferred by Australian historian
1038:Volume 2: Histoire de la conquete de la Floride
1027:Volume 1: Histoire de la conquete de la Floride
901:in a paper to the Royal Society of NSW in 1909.
486:Historians have identified problems with using
272:(d. 1559). His mother was an elite Inca woman,
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276:, who was baptized after the fall of Cuzco as
217:, he is known primarily for his chronicles of
16:Writer, soldier, Spanish noble of Inca descent
1077:Fully digitized works by Garcilaso de la Vega
911:Milanich, Jerald T.; Hudson, Charles (1993).
834:Libros Peruanos. "Inca Garcilaso de la Vega."
530:which was mostly destroyed in the sacking of
1069:, "4th Centennial of Garcilaso de la Vega".
913:Hernando de Soto and the Indians of Florida
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978:. Miles Flesher/Christopher Wilkinson.
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376:and survived him until at least 1651.
189:(12 April 1539 – 23 April 1616), born
744:33, (January/February 2010): 124–149.
21:Garcilaso de la Vega (disambiguation)
1171:Spanish colonization of the Americas
860:from the original on 31 January 2023
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713:, trans. Harold V. Livermore. 1965.
598:Inca Garcilaso de la Vega University
1048:Garcilaso Inca de la Vega Biography
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1156:Peruvian people of Spanish descent
1126:Indigenous writers of the Americas
989:Video Inca Garcilaso y Tupac Amaru
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523:Comentarios Reales de los Incas
515:Comentarios Reales de los Incas
433:Comentarios Reales de los Incas
148:Comentarios Reales de los Incas
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790:la Historia General del Perú
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661:By Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
653:Resources in other libraries
591:Estadio Garcilaso de la Vega
558:from being published in the
462:De la Vega's first work was
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1131:Italian–Spanish translators
938:"Legends of the Adelantado"
888:, Cervantes Virtual website
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351:of the existing documents.
160:The General History of Peru
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1196:Viceroyalty of Peru people
1073:, vol. 14, number 28, 2016
490:as an historical account.
362:, during his time in Spain
278:Isabel Suárez Chimpu Ocllo
229:'s expedition in Florida.
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1017:Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
672:Resources in your library
648:Resources in your library
639:Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
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191:Gómez Suárez de Figueroa
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1065:10 October 2017 at the
693:The Florida of the Inca
443:Baptized and reared as
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243:Villa Borghese gardens
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972:Rycaut, Paul (1685).
848:Durand, José (2001).
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755:Fray Martín de Murúa
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733:"Inca Humanist" in
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421:La Florida del Ynca
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508:legend narratives
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742:Art History
609:Rome, Italy
556:Comentarios
554:banned the
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260:encomendero
255:Cuzco, Peru
58:New Castile
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488:La Florida
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340:"El Inca"
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1051:Archived
992:Archived
858:Archived
749:See also
477:Catholic
411:Writings
360:Montilla
336:Montilla
215:conquest
197:, was a
119:Language
107:(mother)
102:(father)
864:29 June
707:El Inca
611:, near
322:Spanish
318:Quechua
298:mestizo
227:De Soto
209:and an
195:El Inca
948:
919:
717:
699:
636:about
581:Honors
472:Lisbon
435:(1609)
423:(1605)
245:, Rome
129:Genres
600:, in
587:Cusco
532:Cadiz
401:Moors
294:caste
249:Born
54:Cusco
959:2013
946:ISBN
917:ISBN
866:2023
715:ISBN
697:ISBN
564:Lima
494:and
313:doña
219:Inca
211:Inca
70:Died
62:Peru
47:Born
1079:at
1019:at
607:In
562:in
253:in
1092::
874:^
856:.
852:.
840:^
824:^
709:,
619:,
56:,
961:.
925:.
868:.
623:.
64:)
23:.
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