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explains: "David Chaum was very ahead of his time. He predicted in the early 1980s concerns that would arise on the internet 15 or 20 years later." There are some people though that consider anonymity in internet being a danger for our society as a whole. David
Davenport, an assistant professor in the Computer Engineering Department of Bilkent University in Ankara, Turkey, considers that by allowing anonymous Net communication, the fabric of our society is at risk. "Accountability requires those responsible for any misconduct be identified and brought to justice. However, if people remain anonymous, by definition, they cannot be identified, making it impossible to hold them accountable." he says.
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communication as good. For example, message boards established outside companies, but for employees of such companies to vent their opinions on their employer, have sometimes been used in ways that at least the companies themselves were not happy about . Police use of anonymity is a complex issue, since the police often will want to know the identity of the tipper in order to get more information, evaluate the reliability or get the tipper as a witness. Is it ethical for police to identify the tipper if it has opened up an anonymous tipping hotline?
851:. As of February 2015, the treaty was signed -but not all ratified- by 31 states as well as the European Union. Japan was on 4 October 2012 the first to ratify the treaty. It creates an international regime for imposing civil and criminal penalties on Internet counterfeiting and copyright infringement. Although ACTA is intentionally vague, leaving signatories to draw precise rules themselves, critics say it could mean innocent travellers having their laptops searched for unlicensed music, or being jailed for carrying a
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813:"(...) protections for anonymous speech are vital to democratic discourse. Allowing dissenters to shield their identities frees them to express critical minority views . . . Anonymity is a shield from the tyranny of the majority. . . . It thus exemplifies the purpose behind the Bill of Rights and of the First Amendment in particular: to protect unpopular individuals from retaliation . . . at the hand of an intolerant society."
855:. Infringers could be liable for the total loss of potential sales (implying that everyone who buys a counterfeit product would have bought the real thing). It applies to unintentional use of copyright material. It puts the onus on website owners to ensure they comply with laws across several territories. It has been negotiated secretively and outside established international trade bodies, despite EU criticisms.
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of a prior negative experience during which they did not maintain an anonymous presence. Such experiences include stalking, releasing private information by an opposing school political group, or tricking an individual into traveling to another country for a job that did not exist. Participants in this study stated that they were able to avoid their previous problems by using false identification online.
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509:(ISP), and this ISP can then provide information about what customer that IP address was leased to. This does not necessarily implicate a specific individual (because other people could be using that customer's connection, especially if the customer is a public resource, such as a library), but it provides regional information and serves as powerful circumstantial evidence.
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unsavory. Benefactors may not wish to identify themselves as capable of giving. A benefactor may wish to improve the world, as long as no one knows who did it, out of modesty, wishing to avoid publicity. Another reason for anonymous charity is a benefactor who does not want a charitable organization to pursue them for more donations, sometimes aggressively.
762:, and of the First Amendment in particular: to protect unpopular individuals from retaliation—and their ideas from suppression—at the hand of an intolerant society". The Supreme court explained that protecting anonymous political speech receives the highest protection however, this priority takes on new dimensions in the digital age.
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people who use the internet to interact with friends or known contacts. While these usernames can take on an identity of their own, they are sometimes separated and anonymous from the actual author. According to the
University of Stockholm this is creating more freedom of expression, and less accountability.
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have keys to a bank safe and that, one day, contents of the safe go missing (lock not violated). Without additional information, we cannot know for sure whether it was Alice, Bob or Carol who emptied the safe. Notably, each element in {Alice, Bob, Carol} could be the perpetrator with a probability of
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People may openly discuss personal stuff which would be embarrassing to tell many people about, such as sexual problems. Research shows that anonymous participants disclose significantly more information about themselves . People might also feel more open to sharing their personal work anonymously if
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is often attributed to relative
Internet anonymity, due to the fact that potential offenders are able to mask their identities and prevent themselves from being caught. A principal in a high school stated that comments made on these anonymous site are "especially vicious and hurtful since there is no
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system was developed to allow secure anonymous transactions. Another example would be
Enymity, which actually makes a purchase on a customer's behalf. When purchasing taboo goods and services, anonymity makes many potential consumers more comfortable with or more willing to engage in the transaction.
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Anonymous commercial transactions can protect the privacy of consumers. Some consumers prefer to use cash when buying everyday goods (like groceries or tools), to prevent sellers from aggregating information or soliciting them in the future. Credit cards are linked to a person's name, and can be used
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Anonymity may reduce the accountability one perceives to have for their actions, and removes the impact these actions might otherwise have on their reputation. This can have dramatic effects, both useful and harmful to various parties involved. Thus, it may be used for psychological tactics involving
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and other virtual communication, although recently some important service providers like Google try to discourage pseudonymity. Someone using a pseudonym would be strictly considered to be using "pseudonymity" not "anonymity", but sometimes the latter is used to refer to both (in general, a situation
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People in a country with a repressive political regime may use anonymity (for example
Internet-based anonymity servers in other countries) to avoid persecution for their political opinions. Note that even in democratic countries, some people claim, rightly or wrongly, that certain political opinions
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Though
Internet anonymity can provide a harmful environment through which people can hurt others, anonymity can allow for a much safer and relaxed internet experience. In a study conducted at Carnegie Mellon University, 15 out of 44 participants stated that they choose to be anonymous online because
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blocking. Additionally, the appropriateness of anonymous organizational communication varies depending on the use, with organizational surveys or assessments typically perceived as highly appropriate and firing perceived as highly inappropriate. Anonymity use and appropriateness have also been found
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Anonymous charity has long been a widespread and durable moral precept of many ethical and religious systems, as well as being in practice a widespread human activity. A benefactor may not wish to establish any relationship with the beneficiary, particularly if the beneficiary is perceived as being
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An important example for anonymity being not only protected, but enforced by law is the vote in free elections. In many other situations (like conversation between strangers, buying some product or service in a shop), anonymity is traditionally accepted as natural. There are also various situations
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People dependent on an organization, or afraid of revenge, may divulge serious misuse, which should be revealed. Anonymous tips can be used as an information source by newspapers, as well as by police departments, soliciting tips aimed at catching criminals. Not everyone will regard such anonymous
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says: "The regulation of anonymous and pseudonymous communications promises to be one of the most important and contentious
Internet-related issues of the next decade". Anonymity and pseudonymity can be used for good and bad purposes. And anonymity can in many cases be desirable for one person and
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address the issue of IP tracking. In short, they work by encrypting packets within multiple layers of encryption. The packet follows a predetermined route through the anonymizing network. Each router sees the immediate previous router as the origin and the immediate next router as the destination.
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serve as virtual mailing addresses, which means that any time any resource on the
Internet is accessed, it is accessed from a particular IP address, and the data traffic patterns to and from IP addresses can be intercepted, monitored, and analysed, even if the content of that traffic is encrypted.
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have been performed anonymously when benefactors do not wish to be acknowledged. A person who feels threatened might attempt to mitigate that threat through anonymity. A witness to a crime might seek to avoid retribution, for example, by anonymously calling a crime tipline. Criminals might proceed
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When it is necessary to refer to someone who is anonymous, it is typically necessary to create a type of pseudo-identification for that person. In literature, the most common way to state that the identity of an author is unknown is to refer to them as simply "Anonymous". This is usually the case
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Most commentary on the
Internet is essentially done anonymously, using unidentifiable pseudonyms. However this has been widely discredited in a study by the University of Birmingham, which found that the number of people who use the internet anonymously is statistically the same as the number of
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In conversational settings, anonymity may allow people to reveal personal history and feelings without fear of later embarrassment. Electronic conversational media can provide physical isolation, in addition to anonymity. This prevents physical retaliation for remarks, and prevents negative or
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Anonymity can be used to protect a criminal performing many different crimes, for example slander, distribution of child pornography, illegal threats, racial agitation, fraud, intentional damage such as distribution of computer viruses, etc. The exact set of illegal acts varies from country to
389:, many painting workshops can be identified by their characteristic style and discussed and the workshop's output set in chronological order. Sometimes archival research later identifies the name, as when the "Master of Flémalle"—defined by three paintings in the Städelsches Kunstinstitut in
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is called the
Godfathers of anonymity and he has a claim to be one of the great visionaries of contemporary science. In the early 1980s, while a computer scientist at Berkeley, Chaum predicted the world in which computer networks would make mass surveillance a possibility. As Dr. Joss Wright
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describes situations where the acting person's identity is unknown. Some writers have argued that namelessness, though technically correct, does not capture what is more centrally at stake in contexts of anonymity. The important idea here is that a person be non-identifiable, unreachable, or
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However, anonymous online speech is not without limits. It is clearly demonstrated in a case from 2008, one in which the defendant stated on a law-school discussion board that two women should be raped, an anonymous poster's comments may extend beyond free speech protections. In the case, a
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not desirable for another person. A company may, for example, not like an employee to divulge information about improper practices within the company, but society as a whole may find it important that such improper practices are publicly exposed. Good purposes of anonymity and pseudonymity:
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spelling, generally with a specific city designation, is traditionally used by scholars in the humanities to refer to an ancient writer whose name is not known, or to a manuscript of their work. Many such writers have left valuable historical or literary records: an incomplete list of such
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If Carol has a definite alibi at the time of perpetration, then we may deduce that it must have been either Alice or Bob who emptied the safe. In this particular case, the perpetrator is not completely anonymous anymore, as both Alice and Bob now know "who did it" with a probability of 1.
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entities. A website nominally associated with the group describes it as "an internet gathering" with "a very loose and decentralized command structure that operates on ideas rather than directives". The group became known for a series of well-publicized publicity stunts and distributed
416:". This name is often modified to "Jane Doe" when the anonymity-seeker is female. The same names are also commonly used when the identification of a dead person is not known. The semi-acronym Unsub is used as law enforcement slang for "Unknown Subject of an Investigation".
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are persecuted. gives an overview of uses of anonymity to protect political speech. Every country has a limit on which political opinions are allowed, and there are always people who want to express forbidden opinions, like racial agitation in most democratic countries.
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behavior or discussion from tarnishing the reputation of the speaker. This can be beneficial when discussing very private matters, or taboo subjects or expressing views or revealing facts that may put someone in physical, financial, or legal danger (such as
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depicted a fictional collaboration by people who had never previously met and did not know who had recruited them. The anonymous purchase of a gun or knife to be used in a crime helps prevent linking an abandoned weapon to the identity of the perpetrator.
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The word anonymous was borrowed into English around 1600 from the Late Latin word "anonymus", from Ancient Greek ᾰ̓νώνῠμος (anṓnumos, "without name"), from ᾰ̓ν- (an-, "un-") with ὄνῠμᾰ (ónuma), Aeolic and Doric dialectal form of ὄνομᾰ (ónoma, "name").
958:, good looks, wealth or other unrelated or mildly related aspects of the people is the main reason for interest in their work, rather than the work itself) or to break into a field or area of interest normally dominated by males (as by the famous
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recognizes in Article. 8 (Title II: "Freedoms") the right of everyone to protection of personal data concerning him. The right to privacy is now essentially the individual's right to have and to maintain control over information about him.
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There are two aspects, one, giving to a large charitable organization obscures the beneficiary of a donation from the benefactor, the other is giving anonymously to obscure the benefactor both from the beneficiary and from everyone else.
780:(1953): "Once the government can demand of a publisher the names of the purchasers of his publications, the free press as we know it disappears. Then the spectre of a government agent will look over the shoulder of everyone who reads".
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Relative anonymity is often enjoyed in large crowds. Different people have different psychological and philosophical reactions to this development, especially as a modern phenomenon. This anonymity is an important factor in
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1. However, as long as none of them was convicted with 100% certainty, we must hold that the perpetrator remains anonymous and that the attribution of the probability of 1 to one of the players has to remain undecided.
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Anonymity can also be used as a protection against legal prosecution. For example, when committing unlawful actions, many criminals attempt to avoid identification by the means of obscuring/covering their faces with
95:(called the "anonymity set"), "anonymity" of that element refers to the property of that element of not being identifiable within this set. If it is not identifiable, then the element is said to be "anonymous".
61:, or liberty. Over the past few years, anonymity tools used on the dark web by criminals and malicious users have drastically altered the ability of law enforcement to use conventional surveillance techniques.
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Kelly, Brian (2012). "Investing in a Centralized Cybersecurity Infrastructure: Why "Hacktivism" can and should influence cybersecurity reform". Boston University Law Review 92 (5): 1663–1710. Retrieved May 2,
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Anonymity is perceived as a right by many, especially the anonymity in the internet communications. The partial right for anonymity is legally protected to various degrees in different jurisdictions.
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Thus, no router ever knows both the true origin and destination of the packet. This makes these services more secure than centralized anonymizing services (where a central point of knowledge exists).
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in most countries, passengers are not allowed to board flights unless they have identified themselves to airline or transportation security personnel, typically in the form of the presentation of an
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Connecticut federal court must apply a standard to decide whether the poster's identity should be revealed. There are several tests, however, that the court could apply when considering this issue.
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Even when the act is not illegal, anonymity can be used for offensive or disruptive communication. For example, some people use anonymity in order to say harmful things about other people, known as
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anonymously to conceal their participation in a crime. Anonymity may also be created unintentionally, through the loss of identifying information due to the passage of time or a destructive event.
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People can contribute to online social discussion with reduced risk of harm by online predators. Online predators include "criminals, hackers, scammers, stalkers, and malicious online vendors".
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The term "anonymous message" typically refers to a message that does not reveal its sender. In many countries, anonymous letters are protected by law and must be delivered as regular letters.
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numbers, etc. A pseudonym enables the other party to link different messages from the same person and, thereby, to establish a long-term relationship. Pseudonyms are widely used in
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attacks on government, religious, and corporate websites. An image commonly associated with Anonymous is the "man without a head" represents leaderless organization and anonymity.
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use cards that personally identify the consumer engaging in each transaction (possibly for later solicitation, or for redemption or security purposes), or that act as a numerical
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Anonymity sometimes clashes with the policies and procedures of governments or private organizations. In the United States, disclosure of identity is required to be able to
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Kristina Ringland, Internet User Anonymity, First Amendment Protections and Mobilisa: Changing The Cahill Test, 5 SHIDLER J. L. COM. & TECH. 16 (2009), available at <
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470:, until the mid-19th century, most writers in Great Britain, especially the less well known, did not sign their names to their work in newspapers, magazines and reviews.
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country, but most countries have many laws forbidding certain "informational" acts, everything from high treason to instigation of rebellion, etc., to swindling.
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also offer the ability to create anonymous email accounts which do not require any personal information from the account holder. Other sites, however, including
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Pseudonymity can be used to experiment with role playing, for example a man posing as a woman in order to understand the feelings of people of different gender.
278:, groups of criminals may collaborate on a certain project without revealing to each other their names or other personally identifiable information. The movie
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Anonymous Online Comments:The Law and Best Media Practices from Around the World, by Kyle A. Heatherly,* Anthony L. Fargo,** and Jason A. Mark***, March 2018
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center on February 10, 2008, donning masks, scarves, hoods, and sunglasses to obscure their faces, and gloves and long sleeves to protect them from leaving
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identification of anonymous authors by writing style is a potential risk, which is expected to grow as analytic techniques improve and computing power and
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that require persons detained to self-identify when requested by a law enforcement officer, when the person is reasonably suspected of committing a crime.
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With few perceived negative consequences, anonymous or semi-anonymous forums often provide a soapbox for disruptive conversational behavior. The term "
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Pseudonymity can be a tool for timid people to dare establish contacts which can be of value for them and others, e.g. through contact advertisements.
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with older texts in which the author is long dead and unable to claim authorship of a work. When the work claims to be that of some famous author the
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way to trace their source and it can be disseminated widely. "Cyberbullying, as opposed to general bullying, is still a widely-debated area of
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often feels a need to honor the remains of soldiers for whom identification is impossible. In many countries, such a memorial is named the
773:: "People are permitted to interact pseudonymously and anonymously with each other so long as those acts are not in violation of the law".
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People are more equal in anonymous discussions, factors like status, gender, etc., will not influence the evaluation of what they say.
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and the subsequent new political climate. Although it is still difficult to oversee their exact implications, measures such as the
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are only few of the signs that the exercise of the right to the anonymous exchange of information is under substantial pressure.
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In work settings, the three most common forms of anonymous communication are traditional suggestion boxes, written feedback, and
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Sometimes a person may desire a long-term relationship (such as a reputation) with another party without necessarily disclosing
1336:"The effects of perceived anonymity and anonymity states on conformity and groupthink in online communities: A Knowledge study"
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See TOMAS A. LIPINSKI, TO SPEAK OR NOT TO SPEAK: DEVELOPING LEGAL STANDARDS FOR ANONYMOUS SPEECH ON THE INTERNET 942 (2002)
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The border between illegal and legal but offensive use is not very sharp, and varies depending on the law in each country.
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they feel that their friends and family would harass them or disapprove of their work. Examples of such work could include
564:, ask users to sign in with their legal names. In the case of Google+, this requirement led to a controversy known as the
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In legal cases, a popularly accepted name to use when it is determined that an individual needs to maintain anonymity is "
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Gröndahl, Tommi; Asokan, N. (2020). "Text Analysis in Adversarial Settings: Does Deception Leave a Stylistic Trace?".
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758:(1995) case: "Anonymity is a shield from the tyranny of the majority...It thus exemplifies the purpose behind the
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Ohm, Paul (13 August 2009). "Broken Promises of Privacy: Responding to the Surprising Failure of Anonymization".
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The right to internet anonymity is also covered by European legislation that recognizes the fundamental right to
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1707:"Constitutionality of Cyberbullying Laws: Keeping the Online Playground Safe for Both Teens and Free Speech"
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The history of anonymous expression in political dissent is both long and with important effect, as in the
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Anonymity can be used for online payments for criminals paying others to perform illegal acts or purchases.
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1369:"Print Email Facebook Twitter More Judges admit to emotion in court but say they avoid bias in judgments"
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Kang et al. (2013). Why Do People Seek Anonymity on the Internet? Informing Policy and Design. CHI 2013.
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to that party. In this case, it may be useful for the person to establish a unique identifier, called a
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2172:"U.S. Supreme Court decision "United States v. Rumely" 345 U.S. 41 (73 S.Ct. 543, 97 L.Ed. 770) (1953)"
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The right of individuals for "anonymous reading" was established in the U.S. Supreme Court decision in
536:(which pair up random users for a conversation) capitalized on a fascination with anonymity. Apps like
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untrackable. Anonymity is seen as a technique, or a way of realizing, a certain other values, such as
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to freely express themselves regarding the strategies they employ to perform their jobs objectively.
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Self-disclosure in computer-mediated communication: The role of self-awareness and visual anonymity
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mir Efrati, AutoAdmit Suit Update: Defendant "AK47" Responds, WALL ST. J.: LAW BLOG, Feb. 28, 2008
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Oppliger, Rolf (2000). "Privacy protection and anonymity services for the World Wide Web (WWW)".
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The right of individuals for "anonymous communication" was established by the decision in case
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methodically identified numerous early Renaissance Florentine and Sienese workshops under such
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People may get more objective evaluation of their messages, by not showing their real name.
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Most modern newspapers and magazines attribute their articles to individual editors, or to
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identifiers, although many Knowledge editors use their real names instead of pseudonyms.
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express a very strong support for anonymous editing as one of the basic requirements of
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any respective party to purport or support or discredit any sort of activity or belief.
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is collaboratively written mostly by authors using either unidentifiable pseudonyms or
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to be significantly related to the quality of relationships with key others at work.
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690:(used as a mass noun) is a loosely associated international network of activist and
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In certain situations, however, it may be illegal to remain anonymous. For example,
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One of the most controversial international legal acts, regarding this subject is
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under the pseudonym "Publius" and "the Federal Farmer" spoke up in rebuttal. The
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672:
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640:
479:
386:
194:
137:
1438:
Donors Increasingly Make Their Big Gifts Anonymously, Chronicle Analysis Finds
1172:
662:
searching for children to abuse or a swindler searching for people to rip off.
237:
to discover other information, such as postal address, phone number, etc. The
197:" is sometimes used to refer to those who engage in such disruptive behavior.
5485:
5407:
5402:
5300:
5260:
5255:
4762:
4741:
4337:
4313:
3980:
3888:
3807:
3696:
3677:
3662:
3567:
3530:
3413:
3380:
3360:
3283:
3258:
3253:
3240:
3211:
3168:
3105:
3012:
2997:
2968:
2881:
2675:
2557:
1319:
1303:"Anonymous Communication in Organizations: Assessing Use and Appropriateness"
1302:
1041:
998:
927:
720:
666:
572:
545:
517:
441:
394:
314:
1849:
1200:
1187:
Nissenbaum, Helen (1999). "The Meaning of Anonymity in an Information Age".
715:
The tradition of anonymous speech is older than the United States. Founders
34:
Situation in which a person is non-identifiable, unreachable, or untrackable
5447:
5228:
4871:
4861:
4643:
4552:
4542:
4408:
4382:
4246:
4234:
4184:
4178:
4173:
4032:
3726:
3672:
3667:
3620:
3554:
3480:
3470:
3449:
3393:
3327:
3278:
3140:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3090:
3065:
3055:
2962:
2743:
2561:
2325:
Serge Gutwirth; Ronald Leenes; Paul de Hert Springer (September 11, 2014).
2205:, by Nicoll, C.; Prins, Corien; van Dellen, M.J.M, 2003, Tilburg University
1918:
943:
939:
852:
658:
Anonymity can be used to seek contacts for performing illegal acts, like a
553:
541:
533:
525:
501:
335:
133:
784:
The pressure on anonymous communication has grown substantially after the
5442:
4962:
4736:
4557:
4494:
4466:
4387:
4219:
4141:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3711:
3625:
3615:
3475:
3433:
3428:
3245:
3221:
3163:
3130:
3100:
3080:
3075:
3050:
3040:
3007:
3002:
2818:
2799:
2753:
2748:
2629:
2382:
1786:, by David Davenport, COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM April 2002/Vol. 45, No. 4
1469:
1126:
793:
618:
587:
436:
405:
as "Amico di Sandro" for an anonymous painter in the immediate circle of
271:
251:
210:
186:
center on February 10, 2008. Three of the protesters can be seen wearing
183:
84:
46:
42:
1631:
1275:
552:
let the user to explore the web anonymously. Some email providers, like
5427:
4815:
4648:
4499:
4372:
4352:
4212:
4195:
4136:
4116:
3773:
3701:
3648:
3644:
3572:
3388:
3355:
3288:
3191:
3135:
2957:
2911:
2868:
2823:
2774:
2707:
2687:
2650:
2624:
2580:
2575:
2076:. Brian Lehrer Live. Vimeo. February 9, 2011. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
1415:
1398:
1014:
951:
919:
893:
737:
has repeatedly recognized rights to speak anonymously derived from the
691:
494:
451:
331:
221:
are also considered to be an established effect of internet anonymity.
218:
214:
1352:
1335:
209:. This perceived anonymity can be compromised by technologies such as
4504:
4377:
4362:
4224:
4111:
3849:
3741:
3501:
3216:
2899:
2833:
2779:
2726:
2721:
2594:
1122:
987:
983:
906:. Without the public discourse on the controversial contents of the
490:
402:
390:
352:
247:
167:
117:
2511:
771:
United States District Court for the Northern District of California
306:
Attempts at anonymity are not always met with support from society.
87:, in reference to an arbitrary element (e.g., a human, an object, a
4711:
4241:
4229:
4190:
4168:
4059:
3948:
3893:
3716:
3515:
2975:
2928:
2887:
2858:
2846:
2789:
2769:
2731:
2692:
2502:
1025:
1010:
967:
955:
883:
868:
724:
647:
There has always, however, also been a negative side of anonymity:
561:
557:
420:
413:
328:
On the other hand, some policies and procedures require anonymity.
125:
121:
88:
65:
in which a person might choose to withhold their identity. Acts of
2147:
of the U.S. District Court in the Northern District of California"
986:
attracted strong attention in the 1980s and 1990s), and by DJ duo
462:, but it speaks with a collective voice". Guardian considers that
4918:
4820:
4726:
4681:
4082:
4054:
3522:
3150:
2905:
2811:
2660:
2634:
2585:
1664:
1340:
Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology
1289:
1068:
966:
who was actually a woman named Alice Bradley Sheldon, and likely
888:
565:
548:
let people share things anonymously or quasi-anonymously whereas
537:
318:
259:
58:
4282:
2852:
4251:
4126:
3236:
2682:
1029:
1002:
991:
529:
267:
1399:"Clemency, A Neglected Aspect of Early Christian Philanthropy"
863:
5432:
4201:
3930:
3916:
3912:
2066:
896:. In the tradition of anonymous British political criticism,
675:
use anonymity to harm discussions in online social platforms.
370:
238:
225:
155:
1680:"Teen cyberbullying grows with "anonymous" social chat apps"
1450:
1447:
By Sam Kean (January 09, 2008) The Chronicle of Philanthropy
224:
Anonymity also permits highly trained professionals such as
5371:
2085:
McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm'n, 514 U.S. 334, 342 (1995)
1136:
994:, "anonymity is vital to him because graffiti is illegal".
923:
338:
grow. Authors may resist such identification by practicing
310:
263:
206:
4887:
1798:"Anonymity on the Internet: Why the Price May Be Too High"
27:
This article is about identification. For other uses, see
1215:
Matthews, Steve (2010). "Anonymity and the Social Self".
997:
Anonymity has been used in music by avant-garde ensemble
513:
160:
2216:"McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm'n, 514 U.S. 334 (1995)"
1777:
Anonymity on the Internet: Why the Price May Be Too High
317:
prevents disclosure of individual voting patterns. In
75:
24 of the U.S. states have "stop and identify" statutes
2196:
Digital Anonymity and the Law. Tensions and Dimensions
1898:
By the Water Cooler in Cyberspace, the Talk Turns Ugly
1836:(1999). "Legal Issues in Anonymity and Pseudonymity".
1668:. September 17, 2013. Retrieved on September 22, 2013.
594:
500:
However, the Internet was not designed for anonymity:
163:
activity, or unpopular, or outlawed political views).
141:
where the legal identity of the person is disguised).
1756:"Horizon: The defenders of anonymity on the internet"
933:
2556:
2145:
Columbia Insurance Company v. Seescandy.com, et al.
1959:"Nameless in Cyberspace: Anonymity on the Internet"
1919:"Nameless in Cyberspace, anonymity on the Internet"
1653:
Real names, real problems: Pseudonymity under siege
1259:"Tallinn, Hacking, and Customary International Law"
767:
Columbia Insurance Company v. Seescandy.com, et al.
458:fully adopts this policy, saying "Many hands write
5367:International Association of Privacy Professionals
270:or other hand coverings in order to not leave any
1366:
231:
5483:
5332:Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility
1907:, by Reed Abelson, New York Times, 29 April 2001
1360:
938:Anonymity is directly related to the concept of
902:were anonymously authored by three of America's
807:An above-mentioned 1995 Supreme Court ruling in
702:
982:(an anonymous sculptor whose exhibited work in
2485:
1456:
301:
4903:
4298:
2542:
796:, the European Cybercrime Convention and the
359:, an author claiming—and long believed—to be
345:
2094:Talley v. California, 362 U.S. 60, 64 (1960)
1020:This is frequently applied in fiction, from
842:
836:European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights
473:
2455:
1333:
1035:
505:This address can be mapped to a particular
4910:
4896:
4305:
4291:
2549:
2535:
1236:"Data Collection and the Regulatory State"
1186:
1094:On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog
849:Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA)
430:
2501:
1994:. European Journal of Social Psychology,
1917:Wallace, Jonathan D. (December 8, 1999).
1795:
1677:
1414:
1351:
1318:
1274:
1159:Wallace, Kathleen A (1999). "Anonymity".
912:United States Declaration of Independence
858:
355:author is identified as "Pseudo-", as in
2300:"University of Washington School of Law"
2007:
1870:
1832:
1256:
1233:
1214:
1005:(until 2004), costumed comedy rock band
867:Modern pasquinades glued to the base of
862:
173:
144:
36:
1916:
1753:
1375:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
1158:
466:. According to Ross Eaman, in his book
288:
205:, and behavior in situations such as a
14:
5484:
2345:from the original on February 8, 2015.
2328:Reforming European Data Protection Law
2283:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
2011:(1995). "Anonymity and its Enmities".
1529:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1032:, where a hidden identity is assumed.
5347:Electronic Privacy Information Center
4891:
4286:
2530:
2449:
2357:"EUR-Lex - 12012P/TXT - EN - EUR-Lex"
1939:from the original on 27 February 2012
1740:
1738:
1736:
1550:. Scarecrow Press, 2009. p. 73.
1543:
1396:
1334:Tsikerdekis, Michail (8 March 2013).
1300:
809:McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission
755:McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission
439:. An exception is the Markker weekly
1814:from the original on 10 January 2024
1704:
682:
639:People can avoid becoming famous by
5327:Center for Democracy and Technology
2456:Hattenstone, Simon (17 July 2003).
2149:. Legal.web.aol.com. Archived from
1603:
1480:from the original on March 24, 2018
1099:Personally identifiable information
1059:List of anonymously published works
595:Arguments for and against anonymity
24:
2393:from the original on 9 August 2016
1873:Future Generation Computer Systems
1754:Radford, Mike (3 September 2014).
1733:
1307:Management Communication Quarterly
114:personally identifying information
25:
5503:
4312:
2413:"The Infrastructure of Democracy"
2363:from the original on 17 June 2016
2116:McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm'n
1805:Michigan Technological University
1721:from the original on 28 June 2013
1686:from the original on 4 March 2016
1583:Jacob Palme and Mikael Berglund,
1161:Ethics and Information Technology
934:Anonymity and pseudonymity in art
821:
641:publishing their work anonymously
397:. The 20th-century art historian
5466:
5465:
4933:Right of access to personal data
4801:Concentration of media ownership
3197:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2118:" (93–986), 514 U.S. 334 (1995)"
2067:"Gabriella Coleman on Anonymous"
1766:from the original on 2015-02-14.
1678:Armerding, Taylor (2014-03-24).
1564:from the original on 2015-02-08.
1367:Carbonell, Rachel (2016-09-28).
1217:American Philosophical Quarterly
1125:: "anonymous". Derived from the
710:
2479:
2430:
2405:
2375:
2349:
2331:. Springer, 2014. p. 406.
2318:
2291:
2246:
2233:
2222:from the original on 2016-07-06
2208:
2189:
2178:from the original on 2013-06-08
2174:. Law.cornell.edu. 1953-03-09.
2164:
2135:
2124:from the original on 2012-12-01
2106:
2097:
2088:
2079:
2060:
2050:
2031:
2001:
1977:
1965:from the original on 1 May 2016
1951:
1910:
1891:
1864:
1826:
1796:Davenport, David (April 2002).
1789:
1770:
1747:
1698:
1671:
1645:
1624:
1597:
1577:
1568:
1537:
1512:from the original on 2015-07-14
1492:
1462:
1431:
1397:Caner, Daniel F. (2018-06-26).
1379:from the original on 2016-09-29
990:(1993-2021). For street artist
746:anonymous political campaigning
357:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
107:
5342:Electronic Frontier Foundation
5322:American Civil Liberties Union
5276:Privacy-enhancing technologies
2114:"U.S. Supreme Court decision "
1390:
1327:
1294:
1283:
1257:Ghappour, Ahmed (2017-01-01).
1250:
1234:Ghappour, Ahmed (2017-09-01).
1227:
1152:
1116:
930:as conducted on the Internet.
363:, an early Christian convert.
232:Anonymity, commerce, and crime
13:
1:
1885:10.1016/S0167-739X(99)00062-X
1146:
1007:The Radioactive Chicken Heads
834:, freedom of impression. The
703:Legal protection of anonymity
512:Anonymizing services such as
120:. Examples of pseudonyms are
2415:. 2006-05-11. Archived from
98:
7:
5067:Data protection authorities
4917:
1705:King, Alison (April 2010).
1585:"Anonymity on the Internet"
1089:Online disinhibition effect
1052:
425:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
302:Issues facing the anonymous
10:
5508:
5271:Social networking services
3860:Imperial, royal, and noble
2436:Depictions, text in Dutch
1544:Eaman, Ross (2009-10-12).
1457:Gröndahl & Asokan 2020
477:
346:Referring to the anonymous
26:
5461:
5385:
5362:Global Network Initiative
5314:
5306:Virtual assistant privacy
5286:Privacy-invasive software
5214:
5178:
5065:
4961:
4925:
4844:
4788:
4750:
4672:
4621:
4586:
4530:
4487:
4480:
4444:
4396:
4320:
4267:
4075:
4047:
3944:Imperial, royal and noble
3929:
3840:
3821:
3754:
3643:
3553:
3461:
3379:
3341:
3318:
3235:
3182:
3149:
3064:
3031:
2948:
2937:
2832:
2762:
2643:
2617:
2568:
2038:Anonymity on the Internet
1594:, Jacob Palme's Home Page
1104:Anonymity (social choice)
1064:List of anonymous masters
843:International legislation
507:Internet Service Provider
474:Anonymity on the Internet
91:), within a well-defined
4877:Society of the Spectacle
2785:Maiden and married names
1547:The A to Z of Journalism
1320:10.1177/0893318905279191
1301:Scott, Craig R. (2005).
1109:
1036:Mathematics of anonymity
980:De Onbekende Beeldhouwer
697:denial-of-service (DDoS)
468:The A to Z of Journalism
361:Dionysius the Areopagite
178:Protesters of the group
5357:Future of Privacy Forum
5352:European Digital Rights
4758:Influence of mass media
4563:Narcotizing dysfunction
4272:Category:Lists of names
2443:1 November 2010 at the
2438:Retrieved 23 June 2017.
1983:Joinson, A. N. (2001).
1850:10.1080/019722499128574
1838:The Information Society
1201:10.1080/019722499128592
1189:The Information Society
1173:10.1023/A:1010066509278
873:Talking Statues of Rome
778:United States v. Rumely
748:was established in the
431:Anonymity and the press
281:The Thomas Crown Affair
5398:Cellphone surveillance
5315:Advocacy organizations
4938:Expectation of privacy
4419:Freedom of information
3202:Eritrean and Ethiopian
1240:Connecticut Law Review
892:, or scurrilous as in
875:
859:Anonymity and politics
621:or vocal performances.
450:run their leaders, or
340:adversarial stylometry
190:
50:
5377:Privacy International
4948:Right to be forgotten
4806:Exploitation of women
4132:Galton–Watson process
3737:Ancient Tamil country
3159:Australian Aboriginal
2489:ACM Computing Surveys
2013:Journal of Online Law
1711:Vanderbilt Law Review
1135:, meaning "without a
1042:Alice, Bob, and Carol
899:The Federalist Papers
866:
832:freedom of expression
786:2001 terrorist attack
730:The Federalist Papers
478:Further information:
177:
145:Psychological effects
41:Protesters outside a
40:
3899:Post-nominal letters
3018:Indigenous Taiwanese
2458:"Something to spray"
2009:Froomkin, A. Michael
1834:Froomkin, A. Michael
393:— was identified as
289:Anonymity in charity
5413:Global surveillance
5281:Privacy engineering
5266:Personal identifier
5216:Information privacy
4953:Post-mortem privacy
4852:Advanced capitalism
4538:Cult of personality
4452:Advanced capitalism
4259:Surnames by country
3884:Pre-nominal letters
2941:Surnames by country
2120:. Law.cornell.edu.
1276:10.1017/aju.2017.59
1139:" or "namelessness"
1013:(1998–present) and
976:J. D. Salinger
948:cult of personality
601:A. Michael Froomkin
580:in several states.
323:identification card
132:, student numbers,
130:credit card numbers
5453:Personality rights
4773:Semiotic democracy
4697:Civil disobedience
4609:Media manipulation
4599:Crowd manipulation
4522:Tabloid journalism
4436:Media transparency
4414:Media independence
4328:24-hour news cycle
4122:Endonym and exonym
4065:Calendar of saints
4048:Related traditions
3822:Manners of address
3184:Sub-Saharan Africa
2605:Nobiliary particle
2201:2015-02-08 at the
2072:2012-01-28 at the
2043:2008-02-21 at the
1990:2007-02-21 at the
1903:2016-07-04 at the
1782:2015-03-19 at the
1658:2013-09-20 at the
1590:2008-02-21 at the
1443:2008-01-21 at the
1416:10.3390/rel9080229
1074:Data anonymization
1040:Suppose that only
876:
790:World Trade Center
750:U.S. Supreme Court
717:Alexander Hamilton
571:The prevalence of
448:British newspapers
191:
51:
18:Internet anonymity
5479:
5478:
5423:Mass surveillance
4885:
4884:
4811:Freedom of speech
4629:Theodor W. Adorno
4617:
4616:
4604:Managing the news
4424:Freedom of speech
4404:Media development
4368:News broadcasting
4348:Independent media
4333:Alternative media
4280:
4279:
4208:Personal identity
4043:
4042:
3750:
3749:
3691:
3639:
3638:
3600:
3593:
3586:
3544:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3452:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3304:
3297:
2992:
2985:
2978:
2971:
2763:By life situation
2716:
1632:"Anonymous email"
1353:10.1002/asi.22795
964:James Tiptree, Jr
922:, and other U.S.
916:John Perry Barlow
908:U.S. Constitution
880:Letters of Junius
683:Anonymous (group)
407:Sandro Botticelli
16:(Redirected from
5499:
5469:
5468:
5337:Data Privacy Lab
5296:Privacy software
4943:Right to privacy
4912:
4905:
4898:
4889:
4888:
4857:Culture industry
4826:Social influence
4779:The Lonely Crowd
4722:Political satire
4687:Call-out culture
4664:Jacques Rancière
4659:Marshall McLuhan
4634:Jean Baudrillard
4578:Viral phenomenon
4512:Public relations
4485:
4484:
4358:Mainstream media
4343:Electronic media
4307:
4300:
4293:
4284:
4283:
4093:Anthropomorphism
3838:
3837:
3786:Buddhist surname
3687:
3596:
3589:
3582:
3542:Hispanic America
3540:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3448:
3419:
3412:
3407:African-American
3405:
3398:
3316:
3315:
3300:
3293:
3264:Ashkenazi Jewish
3069:and Western Asia
3034:and Central Asia
2988:
2981:
2974:
2967:
2946:
2945:
2807:Placeholder name
2712:
2656:Double-barrelled
2551:
2544:
2537:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2505:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2453:
2447:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2353:
2347:
2346:
2322:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2302:. Archived from
2295:
2289:
2288:
2282:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2265:
2259:. Archived from
2258:
2250:
2244:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2212:
2206:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2110:
2104:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2077:
2064:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2005:
1999:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1938:
1923:
1914:
1908:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1813:
1802:
1793:
1787:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1751:
1745:
1742:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1675:
1669:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1601:
1595:
1581:
1575:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1511:
1504:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1418:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1346:(5): 1001–1015.
1331:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1298:
1292:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1212:
1184:
1156:
1140:
1120:
1084:Internet privacy
1079:Friend-to-friend
1017:(2015–present).
904:Founding Fathers
739:First Amendment.
735:US Supreme Court
578:Internet freedom
484:Internet privacy
399:Bernard Berenson
244:loyalty programs
203:crowd psychology
188:Guy Fawkes masks
21:
5507:
5506:
5502:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5497:
5496:
5482:
5481:
5480:
5475:
5457:
5381:
5310:
5210:
5174:
5061:
5055:amended in 2020
4957:
4921:
4916:
4886:
4881:
4867:Media franchise
4840:
4784:
4746:
4702:Culture jamming
4668:
4654:Walter Lippmann
4613:
4582:
4526:
4476:
4440:
4431:Media pluralism
4392:
4316:
4311:
4281:
4276:
4263:
4098:Personification
4071:
4039:
3925:
3827:
3823:
3817:
3813:Theophoric name
3746:
3651:
3635:
3549:
3457:
3375:
3337:
3314:
3243:
3231:
3178:
3145:
3068:
3060:
3033:
3027:
2939:
2933:
2828:
2795:Posthumous name
2758:
2639:
2613:
2564:
2555:
2512:10.1145/3310331
2482:
2477:
2467:
2465:
2454:
2450:
2445:Wayback Machine
2435:
2431:
2422:
2420:
2419:on May 11, 2006
2411:
2410:
2406:
2396:
2394:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2366:
2364:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2339:
2323:
2319:
2309:
2307:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2276:
2275:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2256:
2254:"Archived copy"
2252:
2251:
2247:
2238:
2234:
2225:
2223:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2203:Wayback Machine
2194:
2190:
2181:
2179:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2156:
2154:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2127:
2125:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2080:
2074:Wayback Machine
2065:
2061:
2055:
2051:
2045:Wayback Machine
2036:
2032:
2006:
2002:
1992:Wayback Machine
1982:
1978:
1968:
1966:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1921:
1915:
1911:
1905:Wayback Machine
1896:
1892:
1869:
1865:
1831:
1827:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1800:
1794:
1790:
1784:Wayback Machine
1775:
1771:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1734:
1724:
1722:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1676:
1672:
1660:Wayback Machine
1650:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1606:UCLA Law Review
1602:
1598:
1592:Wayback Machine
1582:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1558:
1542:
1538:
1522:
1521:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1502:
1500:"Archived copy"
1498:
1497:
1493:
1483:
1481:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1455:
1451:
1445:Wayback Machine
1436:
1432:
1395:
1391:
1382:
1380:
1365:
1361:
1332:
1328:
1299:
1295:
1288:
1284:
1255:
1251:
1232:
1228:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1143:
1129:word ἀνωνυμία,
1121:
1117:
1112:
1055:
1038:
1022:The Lone Ranger
960:science fiction
936:
861:
845:
828:data protection
824:
713:
705:
685:
673:Internet trolls
597:
486:
476:
454:, anonymously.
433:
348:
304:
291:
276:organized crime
234:
147:
138:social networks
110:
101:
35:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5505:
5495:
5494:
5477:
5476:
5474:
5473:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5456:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5438:Search warrant
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5418:Identity theft
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5389:
5387:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5318:
5316:
5312:
5311:
5309:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5291:Privacy policy
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5252:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5231:
5226:
5220:
5218:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5182:
5180:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5172:
5170:United Kingdom
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5085:European Union
5082:
5077:
5071:
5069:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5043:
5041:United Kingdom
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
5001:European Union
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4967:
4965:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4922:
4915:
4914:
4907:
4900:
4892:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4792:
4790:
4786:
4785:
4783:
4782:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4754:
4752:
4748:
4747:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4692:Cancel culture
4689:
4684:
4678:
4676:
4674:Counterculture
4670:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4639:Edward Bernays
4636:
4631:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4594:Catch and kill
4590:
4588:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4575:
4573:Sensationalism
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4534:
4532:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4497:
4491:
4489:
4482:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4462:Bipartisanship
4459:
4457:American Dream
4454:
4448:
4446:
4442:
4441:
4439:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4411:
4406:
4400:
4398:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4324:
4322:
4318:
4317:
4310:
4309:
4302:
4295:
4287:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4261:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4222:
4217:
4216:
4215:
4205:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4146:
4145:
4144:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4090:
4085:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4057:
4051:
4049:
4045:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4036:
4035:
4030:
4028:Ecclesiastical
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3977:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3941:
3935:
3933:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3919:
3906:
3896:
3886:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3875:Ecclesiastical
3867:
3862:
3857:
3846:
3844:
3835:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3764:Christian name
3760:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3659:
3657:
3654:Southeast Asia
3641:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3594:
3587:
3578:Eastern Slavic
3575:
3570:
3565:
3559:
3557:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3546:
3545:
3533:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3519:
3512:
3505:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3467:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3391:
3385:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3347:
3345:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3324:
3322:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3298:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3250:
3248:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3188:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3072:
3070:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2960:
2954:
2952:
2943:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2909:
2902:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2885:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2856:
2849:
2843:
2841:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2658:
2653:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2607:
2597:
2583:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2565:
2558:Personal names
2554:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2448:
2429:
2404:
2389:. 2012-02-11.
2374:
2348:
2337:
2317:
2290:
2245:
2232:
2207:
2188:
2163:
2134:
2105:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2059:
2049:
2030:
2000:
1976:
1950:
1930:CATO Institute
1909:
1890:
1879:(4): 379–391.
1863:
1844:(2): 113–127.
1825:
1788:
1769:
1746:
1732:
1717:(3): 845–884.
1697:
1670:
1644:
1623:
1612:: 1701, 2010.
1596:
1576:
1567:
1556:
1536:
1491:
1461:
1449:
1430:
1389:
1359:
1326:
1293:
1282:
1249:
1226:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1054:
1051:
1037:
1034:
972:Thomas Pynchon
954:(in which the
935:
932:
860:
857:
844:
841:
823:
822:European Union
820:
802:data retention
798:European Union
794:US Patriot Act
782:
781:
774:
769:(1999) of the
763:
760:Bill of Rights
712:
709:
704:
701:
684:
681:
677:
676:
670:
663:
660:Child grooming
656:
653:
645:
644:
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
614:
610:
596:
593:
524:Sites such as
480:Anonymous post
475:
472:
432:
429:
387:history of art
347:
344:
303:
300:
290:
287:
233:
230:
146:
143:
109:
106:
100:
97:
33:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5504:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5472:
5464:
5463:
5460:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5408:Eavesdropping
5406:
5404:
5403:Data security
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5388:
5384:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5313:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5301:Secret ballot
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5261:Personal data
5259:
5257:
5254:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5221:
5219:
5217:
5213:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5177:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5068:
5064:
5056:
5052:
5049:
5048:
5047:
5046:United States
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4966:
4964:
4960:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4930:
4928:
4924:
4920:
4913:
4908:
4906:
4901:
4899:
4894:
4893:
4890:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4843:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4787:
4781:
4780:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4768:Mediatization
4766:
4764:
4763:Media studies
4761:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4743:
4742:Strike action
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4707:Demonstration
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4620:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4585:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4529:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4486:
4483:
4479:
4473:
4472:Pensée unique
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4443:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4416:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4395:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4338:Digital media
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4314:Media culture
4308:
4303:
4301:
4296:
4294:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4273:
4270:
4269:
4266:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4223:
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4218:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4203:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
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4167:
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4158:
4155:
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4150:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4140:
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4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
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4078:
4074:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4046:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3928:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3887:
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3882:
3876:
3873:
3872:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3820:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3808:Mandaean name
3806:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3769:Biblical name
3767:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3753:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
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3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3543:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3506:
3503:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3451:
3447:
3446:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3422:
3418:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3404:
3401:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3311:
3308:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3295:Ancient Greek
3292:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3242:
3241:North America
3238:
3234:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3032:Northern Asia
3030:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2973:
2970:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2882:Nom de guerre
2879:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:Personal name
2567:
2563:
2559:
2552:
2547:
2545:
2540:
2538:
2533:
2532:
2529:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2463:
2459:
2452:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2433:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2392:
2388:
2387:The Economist
2384:
2378:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2344:
2340:
2338:9789401793858
2334:
2330:
2329:
2321:
2306:on 2010-06-22
2305:
2301:
2294:
2286:
2280:
2266:on 2015-02-09
2262:
2255:
2249:
2242:
2236:
2221:
2217:
2211:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2192:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2153:on 2012-04-15
2152:
2148:
2146:
2138:
2123:
2119:
2117:
2109:
2100:
2091:
2082:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2063:
2053:
2046:
2042:
2039:
2034:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2004:
1998:(2), 177-192.
1997:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1980:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1894:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1867:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1810:
1806:
1799:
1792:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1773:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1750:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1685:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1651:Tynan, Dan. "
1648:
1633:
1627:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1580:
1571:
1563:
1559:
1557:9780810870673
1553:
1549:
1548:
1540:
1532:
1526:
1508:
1501:
1495:
1479:
1475:
1474:The Economist
1471:
1465:
1459:, p. 16.
1458:
1453:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1434:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1393:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1363:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1330:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1291:
1286:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1253:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1222:
1218:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1195:(2): 141–44.
1194:
1190:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1155:
1151:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
999:The Residents
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
931:
929:
928:open politics
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
900:
895:
891:
890:
885:
881:
874:
871:, one of the
870:
865:
856:
854:
850:
840:
837:
833:
829:
819:
815:
814:
810:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
779:
775:
772:
768:
764:
761:
757:
756:
751:
747:
744:The right to
743:
742:
741:
740:
736:
732:
731:
726:
722:
721:James Madison
718:
711:United States
708:
700:
698:
693:
689:
680:
674:
671:
668:
667:cyberbullying
664:
661:
657:
654:
650:
649:
648:
642:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
615:
611:
607:
606:
605:
602:
592:
589:
585:
581:
579:
574:
573:cyberbullying
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
522:
519:
515:
510:
508:
503:
498:
496:
492:
485:
481:
471:
469:
465:
461:
460:The Economist
457:
456:The Economist
453:
449:
445:
443:
442:The Economist
438:
437:news agencies
428:
426:
422:
417:
415:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:Robert Campin
392:
388:
383:
381:
377:
372:
368:
364:
362:
358:
354:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
326:
324:
320:
316:
315:secret ballot
313:, though the
312:
307:
299:
295:
286:
283:
282:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
255:
253:
250:, for use in
249:
245:
240:
229:
227:
222:
220:
217:behavior and
216:
212:
208:
204:
198:
196:
189:
185:
181:
176:
172:
169:
164:
162:
157:
151:
142:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
105:
96:
94:
90:
86:
81:
78:
76:
71:
68:
62:
60:
55:
48:
44:
39:
30:
19:
5448:Human rights
5392:
4963:Privacy laws
4872:Post-Fordism
4862:Mass society
4831:Transparency
4795:
4777:
4644:Noam Chomsky
4622:Philosophers
4568:Recuperation
4553:Media circus
4543:Dumbing down
4409:Media policy
4383:Social media
4247:Signum manus
4235:Royal cypher
4200:
4185:Nomen nescio
4183:
4179:Nomenclature
4174:Naming taboo
4087:
3986:Professional
3829:of authority
3779:Saint's name
3444:Scandinavian
3066:Muslim world
2904:
2880:
2851:
2703:Occupational
2562:anthroponymy
2493:
2487:
2480:Bibliography
2466:. Retrieved
2462:The Guardian
2461:
2451:
2432:
2421:. Retrieved
2417:the original
2407:
2395:. Retrieved
2386:
2377:
2365:. Retrieved
2351:
2327:
2320:
2308:. Retrieved
2304:the original
2293:
2268:. Retrieved
2261:the original
2248:
2235:
2224:. Retrieved
2210:
2191:
2180:. Retrieved
2166:
2155:. Retrieved
2151:the original
2144:
2137:
2126:. Retrieved
2115:
2108:
2099:
2090:
2081:
2062:
2052:
2033:
2016:
2012:
2003:
1995:
1979:
1967:. Retrieved
1953:
1941:. Retrieved
1925:
1912:
1893:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1841:
1837:
1828:
1816:. Retrieved
1804:
1791:
1772:
1759:
1749:
1723:. Retrieved
1714:
1710:
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1673:
1663:
1647:
1635:. Retrieved
1626:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1579:
1570:
1546:
1539:
1514:. Retrieved
1494:
1482:. Retrieved
1473:
1464:
1452:
1433:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1381:. Retrieved
1372:
1362:
1343:
1339:
1329:
1310:
1306:
1296:
1285:
1266:
1263:AJIL Unbound
1262:
1252:
1243:
1239:
1229:
1220:
1216:
1192:
1188:
1164:
1160:
1154:
1130:
1118:
1047:
1039:
1019:
996:
952:hero worship
944:pseudonymity
940:obscurantism
937:
897:
887:
877:
853:generic drug
846:
825:
816:
812:
808:
806:
783:
777:
766:
753:
752:decision in
745:
728:
714:
706:
686:
678:
646:
598:
586:
582:
570:
526:Chatroulette
523:
511:
502:IP addresses
499:
487:
467:
463:
459:
455:
440:
434:
418:
411:
384:
375:
366:
365:
353:pseudonymous
349:
336:text corpora
330:
327:
308:
305:
296:
292:
279:
272:fingerprints
256:
235:
223:
199:
192:
165:
152:
148:
134:bank account
111:
108:Pseudonymity
102:
82:
79:
72:
63:
53:
52:
47:fingerprints
5443:Wiretapping
5155:Switzerland
5140:South Korea
5130:Philippines
5120:Netherlands
5115:Isle of Man
5036:Switzerland
5016:New Zealand
4751:In academia
4737:Review bomb
4558:Media event
4495:Advertising
4467:Consumerism
4388:State media
4220:Proper name
4142:Name change
3996:Educational
3974:Substantive
3913:decorations
3796:Jewish name
3791:Dharma name
3756:By religion
3421:Hongkongese
3246:Australasia
3086:Azerbaijani
2819:Regnal name
2800:Temple name
2630:Middle name
2618:By sequence
2595:Matrilineal
2591:Patrilineal
2496:(3): 1–36.
1725:11 February
1269:: 224–228.
894:pasquinades
619:fan fiction
588:David Chaum
332:Stylometric
266:, and wear
252:data mining
211:photography
184:Scientology
85:mathematics
43:Scientology
5428:Panopticon
5051:California
4926:Principles
4816:Media bias
4717:Occupation
4649:Guy Debord
4531:Techniques
4500:Propaganda
4397:Principles
4373:News media
4353:Mass media
4213:Identifier
4196:Onomastics
4137:Legal name
4117:Deadnaming
4013:Diplomatic
3969:Subsidiary
3964:Hereditary
3855:Diplomatic
3774:Papal name
3683:Indonesian
3649:South Asia
3645:Indosphere
3611:Macedonian
3584:Belarusian
3491:Portuguese
3333:Lithuanian
3227:Zimbabwean
3023:Vietnamese
2983:Generation
2950:East Asian
2938:By culture
2912:Stage name
2869:Hypocorism
2834:Pseudonyms
2824:Slave name
2775:Birth name
2727:Teknonymic
2708:Patronymic
2688:Matronymic
2651:Diminutive
2625:First name
2581:Given name
2576:Birth name
2503:1902.08939
2468:29 January
2423:2012-11-22
2310:2015-02-08
2270:2015-02-08
2226:2016-07-27
2182:2012-11-22
2157:2012-11-22
2143:"Decision
2128:2012-11-22
2019:. art. 4.
1818:10 January
1516:2015-02-08
1470:"About us"
1409:(8): 229.
1383:2016-09-28
1313:(2): 157.
1246:(5): 1733.
1147:References
1015:Marshmello
1009:, and DJs
920:Joichi Ito
692:hacktivist
495:IP address
452:editorials
403:sobriquets
219:conformity
215:Groupthink
182:outside a
5492:Anonymity
5393:Anonymity
5229:Financial
5206:Workplace
5196:Education
5105:Indonesia
5075:Australia
5031:Sri Lanka
5026:Singapore
4971:Australia
4796:Anonymity
4505:Fake news
4481:Deception
4378:Old media
4363:New media
4225:Signature
4112:Call sign
4088:Anonymity
4023:Religious
3949:Chivalric
3870:Religious
3865:Judiciary
3850:Honorific
3833:of honour
3732:Sinhalese
3722:Pakistani
3707:Malaysian
3702:Cambodian
3606:Kashubian
3598:Ukrainian
3563:Bulgarian
3502:Praenomen
3439:Icelandic
3310:Hungarian
3111:Pakistani
3046:Mongolian
2900:Ring name
2893:Heteronym
2859:Nicknames
2780:Code name
2732:Toponymic
2722:Sobriquet
2698:Mononymic
2693:Metonymic
2635:Last name
2383:"ACTA up"
1858:205509626
1484:March 25,
1425:150143742
1403:Religions
1223:: 351–63.
1181:249867120
1167:: 23–35.
1132:an-onymia
1123:Adjective
988:Daft Punk
984:Amsterdam
800:rules on
688:Anonymous
491:Knowledge
391:Frankfurt
369:, in its
248:pseudonym
180:Anonymous
168:Caller ID
126:nicknames
122:pen names
118:pseudonym
99:Etymology
54:Anonymity
29:Anonymous
5486:Category
5471:Category
5386:See also
5239:Facebook
5234:Internet
5186:Consumer
5160:Thailand
4845:Synonyms
4836:Violence
4712:Graffiti
4445:Ideology
4242:Khelrtva
4230:Monogram
4191:Misnomer
4169:Namesake
4103:National
4060:Name day
4018:Judicial
4008:Business
4001:Honorary
3991:Academic
3981:Military
3954:Courtesy
3939:Academic
3904:Academic
3894:Emeritus
3697:Javanese
3678:Filipino
3663:Balinese
3631:Suffixes
3568:Croatian
3531:Romanian
3516:Cognomen
3414:Canadian
3400:American
3381:Germanic
3366:Scottish
3284:Georgian
3274:Estonian
3259:Armenian
3254:Albanian
3212:Ghanaian
3169:Hawaiian
3106:Mandaean
3013:Okinawan
2998:Japanese
2969:Courtesy
2929:Username
2922:Mononyms
2888:Pen name
2874:Monarchs
2847:Art name
2790:Necronym
2770:Aptronym
2683:Eponymic
2644:By trait
2520:67856540
2441:Archived
2391:Archived
2361:Archived
2343:Archived
2279:cite web
2220:Archived
2199:Archived
2176:Archived
2122:Archived
2070:Archived
2041:Archived
1988:Archived
1963:Archived
1934:Archived
1926:cato.org
1901:Archived
1809:Archived
1780:Archived
1764:Archived
1760:BBC News
1719:Archived
1684:Archived
1656:Archived
1588:Archived
1562:Archived
1525:cite web
1507:Archived
1478:Archived
1441:Archived
1377:Archived
1373:ABC News
1209:19684983
1053:See also
1026:Superman
1011:Deadmau5
968:JT LeRoy
956:charisma
924:bloggers
884:Voltaire
869:Pasquino
725:John Jay
558:Facebook
421:military
414:John Doe
380:Anonymus
367:Anonymus
319:airports
89:computer
5249:Twitter
5201:Medical
5191:Digital
5110:Ireland
5095:Germany
5080:Denmark
5006:Germany
4996:England
4991:Denmark
4919:Privacy
4821:Privacy
4727:Protest
4682:Boycott
4548:Framing
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4083:Acronym
4076:Related
4055:Baptism
3689:Chinese
3673:Burmese
3668:Bengali
3621:Serbian
3591:Russian
3536:Spanish
3523:Agnomen
3486:Occitan
3481:Italian
3471:Catalan
3463:Romance
3450:Swedish
3394:English
3351:Cornish
3328:Latvian
3302:Cypriot
3279:Finnish
3192:Ashanti
3151:Oceania
3141:Turkish
3121:Persian
3116:Pashtun
3091:Bengali
3056:Tibetan
2963:Chinese
2906:Shikona
2812:Notname
2744:Patrial
2737:Surname
2714:Surname
2661:Epithet
2600:Affixes
2586:Surname
2397:13 June
2367:13 June
2025:2715621
1969:13 June
1690:13 June
1665:ITWorld
1637:22 July
1618:1450006
1290:Nymwars
1069:Notname
962:author
889:Candide
811:reads:
788:on the
566:nymwars
562:Google+
546:Whisper
538:Yik Yak
385:In the
376:Anonymi
260:scarves
161:illegal
67:charity
59:privacy
5244:Google
5165:Turkey
5150:Sweden
5135:Poland
5125:Norway
5090:France
5021:Russia
4981:Canada
4976:Brazil
4789:Issues
4587:Others
4252:Tughra
4157:Middle
4127:Family
3931:Titles
3917:medals
3915:, and
3909:Orders
3889:Suffix
3842:Styles
3801:Hebrew
3727:Sindhi
3712:Indian
3626:Slovak
3616:Polish
3555:Slavic
3476:French
3434:Gothic
3429:German
3343:Celtic
3320:Baltic
3269:Basque
3237:Europe
3222:Yoruba
3164:Fijian
3131:Somali
3126:Sindhi
3101:Coptic
3096:Berber
3081:Arabic
3076:Afghan
3041:Kalmyk
3008:Manchu
3003:Korean
2990:Titles
2754:Virtue
2749:Unisex
2671:Common
2666:Animal
2518:
2335:
2023:
1856:
1616:
1554:
1423:
1207:
1179:
1030:Batman
1028:, and
1003:Jandek
992:Banksy
727:wrote
723:, and
550:Random
542:Secret
534:Tinder
532:, and
530:Omegle
378:is at
268:gloves
226:judges
5433:PRISM
5256:Email
5179:Areas
5145:Spain
5100:India
5011:Ghana
4986:China
4488:Forms
4321:Media
4202:-onym
4152:Given
4148:List
4033:Papal
3959:False
3573:Czech
3509:Nomen
3496:Roman
3389:Dutch
3371:Welsh
3356:Irish
3289:Greek
3174:Māori
3136:Tatar
3051:Sakha
2958:Amami
2676:Plant
2516:S2CID
2498:arXiv
2264:(PDF)
2257:(PDF)
2057:2013.
1943:2 May
1937:(PDF)
1922:(PDF)
1854:S2CID
1812:(PDF)
1801:(PDF)
1510:(PDF)
1503:(PDF)
1421:S2CID
1205:S2CID
1177:S2CID
1127:Greek
1110:Notes
950:" or
371:Latin
274:. In
264:masks
242:Many
239:ecash
195:troll
156:taboo
5372:NOYB
4732:Punk
4517:Spin
3825:List
3742:Thai
3652:and
3361:Manx
3244:and
3217:Igbo
2917:List
2864:list
2853:Bugō
2838:list
2560:and
2470:2018
2464:. UK
2399:2016
2369:2016
2333:ISBN
2315:>
2285:link
2021:SSRN
1971:2016
1945:2018
1820:2024
1727:2013
1692:2016
1639:2024
1614:SSRN
1552:ISBN
1531:link
1486:2018
1137:name
560:and
554:Tuta
544:and
516:and
482:and
446:All
419:The
311:vote
207:riot
5224:Law
3717:Lao
3207:Ewe
2976:Art
2508:doi
1881:doi
1846:doi
1662:."
1411:doi
1348:doi
1315:doi
1271:doi
1267:111
1197:doi
1169:doi
942:or
886:'s
882:or
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518:Tor
514:I2P
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