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Anarchism in Italy

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3493:"When clashes with the Communist Party broke out, his house, where he lived with other anarchists, was attacked on 4th May 1937. They were all labelled "counter-revolutionaries", disarmed, deprived of their papers and forbidden to go out into the street. There was still shooting in the streets when, on 5th May 1937, news arrived from Italy of Antonio Gramsci's death in a fascist prison...Leaving Radio Barcelona, Berneri set off for the Plaça de la Generalitat, where some Stalinists shouted after him. Before he could turn and look, they opened fire with machine guns, and left his dead body there on the street." 2836: 2934:. By February 2023, this protest had generated a debate in Italy about the revival of the anarchist movement. Bomb threats were made against a newspaper in Bologna and bullets were sent to another newspaper and to prosecutor general Francesco Saluzzo. Solidarity attacks against Italian diplomatic offices were made by anarchists in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Germany, Greece, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and Switzerland. Cospito stopped his hunger strike in April 2023 after his compulsory life sentence was ruled unconstitutional. He had lost 50kg. 3530:"Spain: Return to "normalization" in Barcelona. The Republican government had sent troops to take over the telephone exchange on May 3, pitting the anarchists & Poumists on one side against the Republican government & the Stalinist Communist Party on the other, in pitched street battles, resulting in 500 anarchists killed. Squads of Communist Party members took to the streets on May 6 to assassinate leading anarchists. Today, among those found murdered, was the Italian anarchist Camillo Berneri" 50: 1903: 5022: 1893: 2151: 2644: 5034: 2083: 2559: 2866:, an Italian railroad worker and anarchist, was picked up, along with other anarchists, for questioning regarding the attack. Just before midnight on 15 December 1969, Pinelli was seen to fall to his death from a fourth floor window of the Milan police station. Most commentators now agree the bomb was placed by 2077:
The Italian Federation considers the collective property of the products of labour as the necessary complement to the collectivist programme, the aid of all for the satisfaction of the needs of each being the only rule of production and consumption which corresponds to the principle of solidarity.
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As the split between Marx and Bakunin became more prominent, the Italian section of the IWA primarily took the side of Bakunin against the authoritarian behaviour of Marx's General Council. Bakunin's defence of the Paris Commune against the attacks of Mazzini and Marx and Engels's incompetence in
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Inside the FAI a tendency grouped as Gruppi Anarchici d'Azione Proletaria (GAAP – Anarchist Groups of Proletarian Action) led by Pier Carlo Masini was founded which "proposed a Libertarian Party with an anarchist theory and practice adapted to the new economic, political and social reality of
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challenging them led to Bakuninism becoming the prominent strain of thought in the Italian IWA. In 1872, Bakunin, and Cafiero helped to organize a national federation of Italian IWA sections. All the delegates at the founding congress excluding
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condemned the Commune because it represented everything he hated: class struggle, mass violence, atheism, and materialism. Mazzini's condemnation helped to increase the defection of many republicans to the ranks of the IWA.
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as a clear, cohesive movement were formed. At an 1876 conference in Florence, the Italian section of the International Workingman's Association declared the principles of Anarchist-Communism, proclaiming:
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tendency emerged within the Italian Anarchist Federation which argued for more strategic coherence and social insertion in the workers' movement while rejecting the
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In the late sixties a new generation of young people created various informal anarchist groups and projects outside of the original formal organizations of the
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post-war Italy, with an internationalist outlook and effective presence in the workplaces... The GAAP allied themselves with a similar development within the
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Another tendency which didn't identify either with the more classical FAI or with the GAAP started to emerge as local groups. These groups emphasized
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incident occurs, in which 5 young anarchists are killed in a car crash after uncovering documents linking the Italian state with Italian fascists.
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from which he died after a few weeks, despite being given 1500 litres of oxygen in his last five hours. He died on Friday, 22 July 1932.
1932: 1027: 3927:"Cospito, the Consulta opens to the reduction of the sentence: "It is unconstitutional not to recognize the extenuating circumstances"" 3713: 3653: 3497: 2195:. For the next four years, Malatesta helped spread Internationalist propaganda in Italy; he was imprisoned twice for these activities. 1828: 3793: 2619:
in the 1920s alongside Ugo Fedeli and Francesco Ghezzi but who fell to fascist forces later. Pietro Bruzzi also collaborated with the
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It was also in Italy that early Anarchist attempts at revolution began. Bakunin was involved in an insurrection taking place in
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was formed in 1869, new and more famous (or infamous) anarchists began appearing on the scene, notable individuals include
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which the FAI adhered to. These groups started organizing themselves outside the FAI in organizations such as O.R.A. from
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registers and declared the end of the King's reign, and were met with enthusiasm: even a local priest showed his support.
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which organized a Congress attended by 250 delegates of grupos from 60 locations. This movement was influential in the
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The federal congress at Florence has eloquently demonstrated the opinion of the Italian International on this point...
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USI-AIT was outlawed by Mussolini in 1926, but resumed its activities in clandestinity and exile. It fought against
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When the war ended, USI peaked in numbers (it was during this time that it joined the IWA, becoming known as the
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was an important individualist anarchist who collaborated in numerous anarchist journals and participated in
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until he was forced to flee to London. During this time he wrote several important pamphlets, including
1214: 5012: 4643: 4574: 3079: 2707: 2100:. In 1877, Errico Malatesta, Carlo Cafiero, and Costa began an attempt at revolution in Italy with the 1918: 1868: 1731: 1456: 1172: 1061: 987: 3896: 3123: 746: 4130: 3866:"Anarchist Revival? Italy Risks Turning Alfredo Cospito Into A Martyr For A Lost Cause - Worldcrunch" 3531: 3341: 3049: 2954: 2855: 2783: 2535: 2417: 2097: 2017: 1751: 1646: 1042: 1037: 838: 505: 480: 430: 365: 293: 248: 108: 3401: 2790: 2729:, who volunteered to fight against Franco was killed instead in Spain by gunmen associated with the 2544:, its daily paper) grew accordingly ... Anarchists were the first to suggest occupying workplaces." 4898: 4528: 4505: 4475: 4424: 2859: 2730: 1661: 1621: 1571: 1436: 1167: 1116: 1032: 957: 946: 823: 601: 345: 636: 4691: 4604: 4460: 4178: 4161: 4156: 3550: 3194: 2809: 2779: 2714:
and the proclamation of the Republic, former members of the union followed the guidelines of the
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were particularly common in Italian anarchism and continue to influence the movement today. The
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that same year, as well as teaching himself to be a mechanic and electrician. In 1872 he met
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adhered in rapid succession to the USI, and it engaged in all major political battles for
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who disagreed with important aspects of the "Associative Pact" and was critical of
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avant-garde currents. Novatore collaborated in the individualist anarchist journal
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that was founded in 1912, after a group of workers, previously affiliated with the
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In the immediate postwar years there existed failed attempts at a resurgence of
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especially influenced Italian anarchism in the second half of the 20th century.
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attitudes present with other trade unions. Nonetheless, after the outbreak of
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for financing anarchist activity. From within these groups the influential
2711: 2540: 2397: 2333: 2264:, and was involved in the founding of the first militant workers' union in 2257: 2218: 2028: 1803: 1793: 1264: 1229: 1081: 791: 716: 656: 631: 576: 385: 320: 3610:"Beyond the State and Capitalism: The Current Anarchist Movement in Italy" 3512: 3208: 3054: 2882: 2820:. Another group split off from the Anarchist Federation and regrouped as 2678: 2670: 2651: 2590: 2580: 2486: 2442: 2423: 2315: 2308: 2304: 2013: 1249: 1204: 796: 766: 756: 711: 586: 490: 400: 258: 1902: 4017: 3709: 3264: 3004: 2871: 2867: 2789:
will emerge influenced by the practice of the Spanish exiled anarchist
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Italian Anarchism was first materialized in the Italian section of the
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Immigrants Against the State: Yiddish and Italian Anarchism in America
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that called for the creation of a unitary movement, and joined the
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Living Like Nomads: The Milanese Anarchist Movement Before Fascism
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was first used by the Italian section of the First International.
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1865: Foundation of the International Revolutionary Brotherhood.
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silenced all independent press, Malatesta published the journal
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1921-1922: Fascists murder a number of anarchists, including
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Anarchism, Insurrections, and Insurrectionalism by Joe Black
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1986: Foundation of the Federation of Anarchist Communists.
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Anarchist Voices: An Oral History of Anarchism in America
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The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest
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The rebel's dark laughter: the writings of Bruno Filippi
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Pericone, Nunzio; Italian Anarchism 1864-1892, pp. 35–36
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alongside other individualist anarcho-futurists such as
2068:. Within the Italian section of the IWMA, the ideas of 5010: 3895:
Dee, E. T. C.; Portelli, Stefano (10 February 2023).
3737:"Dispute in Italy Is Conjuring Up Its Terrorist Past" 3392:
Pericone, Nunzio; "Italian Anarchism 1864-1892" p. 58
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and declared themselves linked to the legacy of the
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as a movement began primarily from the influence of
3990:Santarelli, Enzo (1973). "L'Anarchisme en Italie". 3383:
Pericone, Nunzio, Italian Anarchism 1864-1892 p. 35
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by Bicicleta: Revista de comunicaciones libertarias
2191:, with whom he participated in the International's 3574: 3572: 3495:"Berneri, Luigi Camillo, 1897-1937" at libcom.com 2115:. The popularity of the IWA skyrocketed with the 5046: 3094:1920: Founding of the Unione Anarchica Italiana. 2589:Novatore belonged to the leftist section of the 3986:Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2015. 3569: 3337: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3329: 2946:1869: Foundation of the Italian section of the 2930:to protest against his incarceration under the 2862:in Milan that killed 17 people and injured 88. 2384:groups participated. Notable figures included, 2221:without a struggle. The revolutionaries burned 3817:"Italy, Gladio Counterinsurgency, 1970s–1980s" 2858:. On 12 December 1969, a bomb went off at the 4644: 4079: 3040:shoots his military commander to protest the 2554:European individualist anarchism § Italy 2354:The Socialist Revolutionary Anarchist Party ( 2297:International Anarchist Congress of Amsterdam 1926: 3607: 3361: 3359: 3326: 3310:No Gods No Masters, p. 154, by Daniel Guerin 3150:Anarchist brigades in the Italian Resistance 2459:AsociaciĂłn Internacional de los Trabajadores 2376:, at which around 80 delegates from Italian 2299:(1907), where he debated in particular with 3894: 2903:movements of the seventies. They published 2720:Confederazione Generale Italiana del Lavoro 2360:Partito Socialista Anarchico Rivoluzionario 2344:The Socialist Revolutionary Anarchist Party 2260:from 1885, where he resumed publication of 4651: 4637: 4086: 4072: 3989: 3603: 3601: 2736: 2673:– culminating in the August 1922 riots of 2547: 2447:Associazione Internazionale dei Lavoratori 2322:came to power. From 1924 until 1926, when 1933: 1919: 1829:Definition of anarchism and libertarianism 3814: 3356: 2412:The founding of Unione Sindacale Italiana 2279:in 1889, he published a newspaper called 2211:insurrection in the province of Benevento 3863: 2834: 2642: 2557: 2422:Unione Sindacale Italiana is an Italian 2149: 2081: 4658: 4093: 3768:"The Strategy of Tension and Terrorism" 3735:Bohlen, Celestine (26 September 1997). 3608:Poma, Alice; Gravante, Tommaso (2017). 3598: 3071:known as biennio rosso (two red years). 2992:Socialist Revolutionary Anarchist Party 2350:Socialist Revolutionary Anarchist Party 2108:before being put down by the military. 14: 5047: 3734: 3698: 3277:European individualist anarchism#Italy 3007:attempt to assassinate Prime Minister 2948:International Workingman's Association 2521:The Unione Anarchica Italiana and the 2406:International Workingmen's Association 2303:on the relation between anarchism and 2232:he founded the weekly anarchist paper 2185:International Workingmen's Association 2058:International Workingman's Association 881:Spanish Regional Federation of the IWA 4632: 4067: 3960: 3864:Falciani, Ginevra (3 February 2023). 3706:"Pinelli, Giuseppe "Pino", 1928-1969" 3686:from the original on 26 December 2010 3260:List of anarchist movements by region 3876:from the original on 5 February 2023 3765: 3747:from the original on 14 January 2021 3716:from the original on 14 January 2021 3413: 3241:at the "Don Giovanni Bosco Park" in 3173:is imprisoned for a number of years. 3161:1969: Anarchists are blamed for the 2623:individualist anarchist publication 2534:the anarcho-syndicalist trade union 2171:. Partly via his enthusiasm for the 3961:ButtĂ , Fausto (September 4, 2015). 3919: 3888: 3728: 3676:"1969: Deadly bomb blasts in Italy" 3668: 3614:Journal for the Study of Radicalism 3126:, French/Italian contingent of the 3097:1921: Founding of the anti-fascist 3085:1920: Publication of the newspaper 2824:. The GAF later started publishing 2669:, fighting street battles with the 2528:In the Italian events known as the 2175:and partly via his friendship with 2139: 24: 3953: 3937:from the original on 21 April 2023 3907:from the original on 19 March 2023 3857: 3796:from the original on 25 March 2021 3774:. Palgrave Macmillan US: 183–203. 3343:El movimiento libertario en Italia 3055:International Workers' Association 2816:. The GIA published the bi-weekly 2700:ConfederaciĂłn Nacional del Trabajo 2443:International Workers' Association 2428:Confederazione Generale del Lavoro 2295:. Malatesta then took part in the 2160:Errico Malatesta was an important 25: 5076: 4026: 3965:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 3845:from the original on 12 June 2021 3656:from the original on 12 June 2021 3557:from the original on 7 March 2021 3145:are killed the Spanish Civil War. 3062:Italian Anarchist Communist Union 2661:). It became a major opponent of 2639:The Fascist regime and afterwards 2104:. They liberated two villages in 5032: 5020: 4052:Italian anarchists outside Italy 3829:10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp1700 3823:. American Cancer Society: 1–6. 3271:Accidental Death of an Anarchist 2725:The prominent Italian anarchist 2056:When the Italian section of the 1901: 1891: 916:International Conference of Rome 906:International Conference of Rome 48: 3808: 3759: 3551:"Masini, Pier Carlo, 1923-1998" 3543: 3524: 3506: 3487: 3469: 3443: 3431:from the original on 5 May 2010 2372:Founded in January 1891 at the 2256:), first appeared. He lived in 2209:and about 30 others started an 3395: 3386: 3377: 3368: 3304: 3287:Federazione Anarchica Italiana 2806:Gruppi di Iniziativa Anarchica 2743:Federazione Anarchica Italiana 2716:Federazione Anarchica Italiana 1028:Australian Anarchist Centenary 953:German Revolution of 1918–1919 13: 1: 3323:, pp. 111–113, AK Press 2009. 3202:Informal Anarchist Federation 3018:attempts to assassinate King 2977:attempts to assassinate King 2808:which was mostly composed of 2704:FederaciĂłn Anarquista IbĂ©rica 1973:social or socialist anarchism 1215:Decentralized planned economy 4060:at the Kate Sharpley Library 4054:at the Kate Sharpley Library 3897:"Cruel and Usual Punishment" 3642:10.14321/jstudradi.11.1.0001 3626:10.14321/jstudradi.11.1.0001 3297: 3156:Italian Anarchist Federation 2932:Article 41-bis prison regime 2874:inspired by sections of the 2852:Italian Anarchist Federation 2841:Italian Anarchist Federation 2839:Contemporary members of the 2798:Italian Anarchist Federation 2481:– without ever adopting the 2242:) in which his most popular 2025:Italian Anarchist Federation 441:Proletarian internationalism 7: 3321:Italian Anarchism 1864–1892 3255:Category:Italian anarchists 3248: 3169:dies in police custody and 3154:1945: Establishment of the 3069:Italian Factory Occupations 2937: 2010:Italian Resistance Movement 963:1919 United States bombings 10: 5081: 2881:In the early seventies, a 2796:In the IX Congress of the 2740: 2609:, and Giovanni Governato. 2551: 2415: 2347: 2198:In April 1877, Malatesta, 2143: 2096:in 1869 and in the failed 2051: 2046: 1869:Situationist International 1173:Self-managed social center 988:Spanish Revolution of 1936 4960: 4922: 4664: 4603: 4537: 4516: 4448: 4267: 4144: 4101: 3815:Azzellini, Dario (2010). 3451:"Novatore: una biografia" 3050:Unione Sindacale Italiana 2907:della lotta di classe in 2856:Unione Sindacale Italiana 2822:Gruppi Anarchici Federati 2784:insurrectionary anarchist 2765:French Anarchist movement 2677:, when the USI-AIT faced 2536:Unione Sindacale Italiana 2418:Unione Sindacale Italiana 2336:, he developed bronchial 2213:, taking the villages of 2098:1874 Bologna insurrection 2018:insurrectionary anarchism 1975:, it expanded to include 1043:Really Really Free Market 1038:1999 Seattle WTO protests 506:Temporary autonomous zone 431:Permanent autonomous zone 366:Consensus decision-making 3537:19 February 2006 at the 3521:. AK Press. 2005. p. 516 3200:2003: Foundation of the 3115:attempts to assassinate 3060:1919: Foundation of the 3053:trade-union (joined the 3047:1912: Foundation of the 2990:1891: Foundation of the 2810:individualist anarchists 2731:Communist Party of Spain 2497:voices inside the body: 1270:Workers' self-management 1168:Radical environmentalism 1117:Independent Media Center 1033:Carnival Against Capital 958:Bavarian Soviet Republic 947:Manifesto of the Sixteen 346:Autonomous social center 5060:Modern history of Italy 4605:Individualist anarchism 3780:10.1057/9780230101838_8 3407:5 November 2011 at the 3350:12 October 2013 at the 3195:Death of Carlo Giuliani 3187:dies in police custody. 3124:SĂ©bastien Faure Century 3108:is shot dead by police. 3067:1919: Beginning of the 2870:activists as part of a 2737:Postwar years and today 2706:, and took part in the 2548:Individualist anarchism 2438:, and later joined the 2132:(a police spy) and two 1980:individualist anarchism 1210:Cost the limit of price 4707:Bosnia and Herzegovina 4300:Bosnia and Herzegovina 3772:Italy's Divided Memory 3481:19 August 2011 at the 3163:Piazza Fontana bombing 2970:leads an insurrection. 2889:"Associative Pact" of 2847: 2791:Josep LluĂ­s i Facerias 2654: 2615:published the journal 2565: 2359: 2157: 2134:Garibaldian socialists 2089: 2080: 1969:collectivist anarchism 1357:Bosnia and Herzegovina 446:Propaganda of the deed 436:Prefigurative politics 426:Participatory politics 371:Conscientious objector 3500:30 March 2013 at the 2838: 2787:Alfredo Maria Bonanno 2751:Years of Lead (Italy) 2646: 2561: 2153: 2085: 2075: 1859:Libertarian socialism 1023:Kate Sharpley Library 998:Red inverted triangle 941:High Treason Incident 931:Congress of Amsterdam 516:Voluntary association 326:Anti-authoritarianism 316:Anarchist criminology 311:Anarchist Black Cross 5065:Anarchism by country 4039:"Anarchism in Italy" 3682:. 12 December 1969. 3237:2024: creation of a 2975:Giovanni Passannante 2955:Bologna insurrection 2913:Comunismo libertario 2650:, Italian anarchist 2579:alongside the young 2507:Giuseppe Di Vittorio 2495:national-syndicalist 2362:) was a short-lived 2262:La Questione Sociale 2235:La Questione Sociale 1742:Fictional characters 1163:Radical cheerleading 4923:States with limited 4659:Anarchism in Europe 4095:Anarchism by region 3993:Le Mouvement social 3766:Foot, John (2009). 3712:. 9 November 2006. 3476:"L’Indivi-dualista" 3178:Barracks anarchists 2830:A Rivista Anarchica 2814:anarcho-syndicalism 2440:anarcho-syndicalist 2436:First International 2240:The Social Question 2136:, were Anarchists. 2113:First International 2070:anarchist communism 1996:First International 1988:anarcho-syndicalism 1849:Left-libertarianism 1145:No gods, no masters 973:Kronstadt rebellion 911:Trial of the Thirty 876:Revolutions of 1848 5055:Anarchism in Italy 4471:Dominican Republic 4058:Anarchism in Italy 3741:The New York Times 3319:Nunzio Pernicone, 3292:Socialism in Italy 3076:Alberto Acquacalda 3031:Umberto I of Italy 3029:assassinates King 3020:Umberto I of Italy 2979:Umberto I of Italy 2961:red-and-black flag 2848: 2757:anarchosyndicalism 2708:Spanish Revolution 2655: 2566: 2505:, and, initially, 2329:Pensiero e VolontĂ  2193:St. Imier Congress 2158: 2090: 1799:Anti-globalization 1732:Anarcho-punk bands 1417:Dominican Republic 1157:Property is theft! 1123:The Internationale 1077:Anarchist bookfair 1003:Labadie Collection 993:Barcelona May Days 896:Cantonal rebellion 223:Without adjectives 82:Schools of thought 5008: 5007: 4626: 4625: 3972:978-1-4438-8159-3 3933:. 18 April 2023. 3789:978-1-349-38105-0 3586:on 28 August 2015 3132:Spanish Civil War 3106:Dante Carnesecchi 3099:Arditi del Popolo 3057:founded in 1922). 3042:Italo-Turkish war 2986:Capolago congress 2905:Fronte Libertario 2696:Spanish Civil War 2599:Dante Carnesecchi 2503:Filippo Corridoni 2499:Alceste De Ambris 2474:camere del lavoro 2394:Amilcare Cipriani 2374:Capolago congress 2334:bronchial attacks 2177:Carmelo Palladino 1992:anarcho-communism 1990:, and especially 1943: 1942: 1879:Spontaneous order 1809:Anti-war movement 1752:Jewish anarchists 1151:Popular education 871:French Revolution 496:Spontaneous order 356:Classless society 281: 280: 239:Counter-economics 18:Italian anarchist 16:(Redirected from 5072: 5037: 5036: 5035: 5025: 5024: 5023: 5016: 4961:Dependencies and 4665:Sovereign states 4653: 4646: 4639: 4630: 4629: 4088: 4081: 4074: 4065: 4064: 4048: 4033:Anarchy in Italy 4021: 3976: 3947: 3946: 3944: 3942: 3923: 3917: 3916: 3914: 3912: 3892: 3886: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3861: 3855: 3854: 3852: 3850: 3812: 3806: 3805: 3803: 3801: 3763: 3757: 3756: 3754: 3752: 3732: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3702: 3696: 3695: 3693: 3691: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3663: 3661: 3605: 3596: 3595: 3593: 3591: 3582:. 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affair 521:Workers' council 511:Union of egoists 471:Security culture 381:Decentralization 376:Critique of work 114:Total liberation 88: 87: 52: 29: 28: 21: 5080: 5079: 5075: 5074: 5073: 5071: 5070: 5069: 5045: 5044: 5043: 5033: 5031: 5021: 5019: 5011: 5009: 5004: 4962: 4956: 4942:Northern Cyprus 4924: 4918: 4839:North Macedonia 4660: 4657: 4627: 4622: 4599: 4533: 4512: 4444: 4263: 4140: 4097: 4092: 4037: 4029: 4024: 4002:10.2307/3807393 3996:(83): 135–166. 3979:Kenyon Zimmer, 3973: 3956: 3954:Further reading 3951: 3950: 3940: 3938: 3925: 3924: 3920: 3910: 3908: 3893: 3889: 3879: 3877: 3862: 3858: 3848: 3846: 3839: 3813: 3809: 3799: 3797: 3790: 3764: 3760: 3750: 3748: 3733: 3729: 3719: 3717: 3704: 3703: 3699: 3689: 3687: 3674: 3673: 3669: 3659: 3657: 3606: 3599: 3589: 3587: 3578: 3577: 3570: 3560: 3558: 3549: 3548: 3544: 3539:Wayback Machine 3529: 3525: 3511: 3507: 3502:Wayback Machine 3492: 3488: 3483:Wayback Machine 3474: 3470: 3460: 3458: 3457:on 22 July 2011 3449: 3448: 3444: 3434: 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524: 451:Refusal of work 336:Anti-militarism 331:Anti-capitalism 302: 301: 283: 282: 249:Insurrectionary 85: 84: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5078: 5068: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5042: 5041: 5029: 5006: 5005: 5003: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4966: 4964: 4963:other entities 4958: 4957: 4955: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4928: 4926: 4920: 4919: 4917: 4916: 4914:United Kingdom 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4727:Czech Republic 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4668: 4666: 4662: 4661: 4656: 4655: 4648: 4641: 4633: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4620: 4615: 4609: 4607: 4601: 4600: 4598: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4541: 4539: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4531: 4526: 4520: 4518: 4514: 4513: 4511: 4510: 4509: 4508: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4473: 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3144: 3140: 3139:Antonio Cieri 3136: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3118: 3114: 3110: 3107: 3103: 3100: 3096: 3093: 3090: 3089: 3084: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3070: 3066: 3063: 3059: 3056: 3052: 3051: 3046: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3010: 3006: 3002: 3000: 2996: 2993: 2989: 2987: 2983: 2980: 2976: 2972: 2969: 2965: 2962: 2958: 2956: 2952: 2949: 2945: 2942: 2941: 2935: 2933: 2929: 2928:hunger strike 2925: 2920: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2901: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2879: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2846: 2842: 2837: 2833: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2794: 2792: 2788: 2785: 2781: 2780:expropriation 2777: 2773: 2772:direct action 2768: 2766: 2760: 2758: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2734: 2732: 2728: 2723: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2688: 2686: 2685: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2653: 2649: 2645: 2636: 2634: 2630: 2629:New York City 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2613:Pietro Bruzzi 2610: 2608: 2607:Auro d'Arcola 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2587:Bruno Filippi 2585: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2564: 2560: 2555: 2545: 2543: 2542: 2537: 2533: 2532: 2531:biennio rosso 2524: 2523:biennio rosso 2518: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2479:labour rights 2476: 2475: 2471: 2466: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2419: 2409: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2351: 2341: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2330: 2325: 2321: 2317: 2312: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2293: 2288: 2284: 2283: 2278: 2275:Returning to 2273: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2254:Among Farmers 2251: 2250: 2249:Fra Contadini 2245: 2241: 2237: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2205: 2201: 2200:Carlo Cafiero 2196: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2173:Paris Commune 2170: 2166: 2163: 2156: 2152: 2147: 2137: 2135: 2131: 2125: 2122: 2118: 2117:Paris Commune 2114: 2109: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2088: 2087:Carlo Cafiero 2084: 2079: 2074: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2062:Carlo Cafiero 2059: 2044: 2042: 2041: 2036: 2035: 2030: 2026: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2004:and survived 2003: 2002: 2001:biennio rosso 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1961:Carlo Cafiero 1958: 1954: 1950: 1949: 1936: 1931: 1929: 1924: 1922: 1917: 1916: 1914: 1913: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1889: 1888: 1887: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1781: 1777: 1771: 1770: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1721: 1720: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1697:United States 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1623: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1457:French Guiana 1455: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1358: 1355: 1353: 1350: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1285: 1279: 1278: 1271: 1268: 1266: 1263: 1261: 1258: 1256: 1255:Mutual credit 1253: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1243: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1201: 1200:Communization 1198: 1197: 1193: 1187: 1186: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1124: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1072: 1068: 1067: 1063: 1057: 1056: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 991: 989: 986: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 968:Biennio Rosso 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 948: 944: 942: 939: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 899: 897: 894: 892: 889: 887: 886:Paris Commune 884: 882: 879: 877: 874: 872: 869: 868: 864: 858: 857: 850: 847: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 820: 819:Animal rights 817: 816: 812: 806: 805: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 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Retrieved 3930: 3921: 3909:. Retrieved 3900: 3890: 3878:. Retrieved 3870:World Crunch 3869: 3859: 3847:. Retrieved 3820: 3810: 3798:. Retrieved 3771: 3761: 3749:. Retrieved 3740: 3730: 3718:. Retrieved 3700: 3688:. Retrieved 3670: 3658:. Retrieved 3617: 3613: 3588:. Retrieved 3584:the original 3559:. Retrieved 3545: 3526: 3516: 3508: 3489: 3471: 3459:. Retrieved 3455:the original 3445: 3433:. Retrieved 3422: 3415: 3397: 3388: 3379: 3370: 3342: 3320: 3315: 3306: 3269: 3113:Gino Lucetti 3088:UmanitĂ  Nova 3086: 3048: 2921: 2912: 2904: 2898: 2880: 2849: 2843:marching in 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2805: 2795: 2769: 2761: 2754: 2724: 2712:World War II 2689: 2682: 2658: 2656: 2624: 2616: 2611: 2593:movement of 2577:Iconoclasta! 2576: 2567: 2541:Umanita Nova 2539: 2529: 2527: 2522: 2472: 2467: 2465:reference). 2458: 2454: 2446: 2421: 2398:Andrea Costa 2371: 2353: 2327: 2313: 2290: 2280: 2274: 2270:Bakers Union 2261: 2258:Buenos Aires 2253: 2247: 2239: 2233: 2227: 2197: 2159: 2126: 2110: 2091: 2076: 2055: 2038: 2032: 1999: 1967:. Rooted in 1945: 1944: 1804:Anti-statism 1794:Anti-fascism 1647:South Africa 1521: 1265:Wage slavery 1230:Gift economy 1121: 1082:Anarcho-punk 1069: 945: 834:Love and sex 722:Pi i Margall 386:Deep ecology 321:Anationalism 264:Relationship 197:Collectivist 153:Postcolonial 26: 4990:Isle of Man 4925:recognition 4899:Switzerland 4834:Netherlands 4529:New Zealand 4506:Puerto Rico 4476:El Salvador 4425:Switzerland 4380:Netherlands 4234:Philippines 3620:(1): 1–24. 3590:14 December 3561:14 December 3513:Paul Avrich 3461:16 February 3226:2022-2023: 3209:Kneecapping 3122:1936–1939: 2883:platformist 2774:, informal 2679:Italo Balbo 2671:Blackshirts 2652:antifascist 2591:avant-garde 2487:World War I 2424:trade union 2305:syndicalism 2034:autonomismo 2014:Platformism 1762:Periodicals 1662:Switzerland 1622:Puerto Rico 1607:Philippines 1572:New Zealand 1567:Netherlands 1437:El Salvador 1250:Mutual bank 1205:Cooperative 1134:Lifestylism 936:Tragic Week 839:Nationalism 491:Somatherapy 401:Freethought 269:Syndicalist 259:Platformism 231:Methodology 104:Primitivist 5049:Categories 4869:San Marino 4829:Montenegro 4809:Luxembourg 4789:Kazakhstan 4692:Azerbaijan 4461:Costa Rica 4179:East Timor 4162:Bangladesh 4157:Azerbaijan 3710:Libcom.org 3265:Autonomism 3176:1970: The 3165:in Milan. 3005:Paolo Lega 2966:1877: The 2959:1876: The 2887:synthesist 2868:neofascist 2747:Hot Autumn 2741:See also: 2631:edited by 2584:illegalist 2581:stirnerist 2483:militarist 2314:After the 2292:L'Anarchia 2022:synthesist 1977:illegalist 1834:Dual Power 1819:Autonomism 1814:Autarchism 1422:East Timor 1392:Costa Rica 1337:Bangladesh 1332:Azerbaijan 1107:Freeganism 824:Capitalism 617:Feyerabend 486:Sociocracy 456:Revolution 421:Mutual aid 351:Black bloc 244:Illegalism 5027:Anarchism 4980:Gibraltar 4804:Lithuania 4595:Venezuela 4545:Argentina 4524:Australia 4491:Nicaragua 4481:Guatemala 4239:Singapore 4199:Indonesia 4172:Hong Kong 4010:0027-2671 3650:164381711 3634:1930-1189 3298:Footnotes 3197:in Genoa. 2922:In 2022, 2900:autonomia 2891:Malatesta 2470:left-wing 2468:The most 2382:anarchist 2378:socialist 2338:pneumonia 2266:Argentina 2165:anarchist 2040:operaismo 1984:mutualism 1948:anarchism 1874:Socialism 1824:Communism 1757:Musicians 1707:Venezuela 1642:Singapore 1577:Nicaragua 1502:Indonesia 1482:Hong Kong 1477:Guatemala 1322:Australia 1312:Argentina 1284:By region 1192:Economics 1178:Symbolism 1092:DIY ethic 829:Education 747:Santillán 697:Malatesta 667:Kropotkin 647:Guillaume 501:Squatting 461:Rewilding 396:Free love 274:Synthesis 209:Communist 180:Christian 175:Religious 148:Mutualism 42:Anarchism 5000:Svalbard 4985:Guernsey 4932:Abkhazia 4884:Slovenia 4879:Slovakia 4854:Portugal 4712:Bulgaria 4580:Paraguay 4565:Colombia 4395:Portugal 4305:Bulgaria 4229:Mongolia 4224:Malaysia 3941:27 April 3935:Archived 3911:27 April 3905:Archived 3901:LRB Blog 3880:27 April 3874:Archived 3843:Archived 3794:Archived 3745:Archived 3714:Archived 3684:Archived 3654:Archived 3555:Archived 3535:Archived 3498:Archived 3479:Archived 3429:Archived 3405:Archived 3348:Archived 3249:See also 2938:Timeline 2926:began a 2854:and the 2722:(CGIL). 2710:. After 2681:and his 2665:and the 2595:Futurism 2573:futurism 2320:fascists 2244:pamphlet 2230:Florence 2207:Stepniak 2106:Campania 2094:Florence 1946:Italian 1617:Portugal 1597:Paraguay 1557:Mongolia 1542:Malaysia 1387:Colombia 1367:Bulgaria 1112:Infoshop 1013:May 1968 849:Violence 844:Religion 732:Proudhon 692:Maksimov 672:Landauer 622:Giovanni 572:Bookchin 466:Sabotage 298:Practice 254:Pacifist 214:Magonism 136:Naturist 94:Feminist 60:Glossary 34:a series 32:Part of 5013:Portals 4909:Ukraine 4859:Romania 4819:Moldova 4777:Ireland 4772:Iceland 4767:Hungary 4757:Germany 4752:Georgia 4742:Finland 4737:Estonia 4732:Denmark 4717:Croatia 4702:Belgium 4697:Belarus 4687:Austria 4682:Armenia 4677:Andorra 4672:Albania 4590:Uruguay 4570:Ecuador 4550:Bolivia 4517:Oceania 4435:Ukraine 4400:Romania 4360:Ireland 4355:Iceland 4350:Hungary 4340:Germany 4330:Finland 4325:Estonia 4320:Denmark 4310:Croatia 4295:Belgium 4290:Belarus 4285:Austria 4280:Andorra 4275:Albania 4259:Vietnam 4189:Georgia 4152:Armenia 4136:Tunisia 4126:Nigeria 4121:Morocco 4111:Algeria 4018:3807393 3931:Italy24 3849:12 June 3800:12 June 3751:5 April 3720:12 June 3690:12 June 3660:12 June 3435:1 March 3243:Bologna 3148:1940s: 3130:in the 2909:Bologna 2895:Liguria 2802:Carrara 2694:in the 2659:USI-AIT 2463:Spanish 2451:Italian 2364:Italian 2356:Italian 2204:Russian 2162:Italian 2052:Origins 2047:History 2029:the war 1864:Marxism 1712:Vietnam 1702:Uruguay 1687:Ukraine 1677:Tunisia 1627:Romania 1582:Nigeria 1562:Morocco 1512:Ireland 1492:Iceland 1487:Hungary 1467:Germany 1462:Georgia 1447:Finland 1442:Estonia 1427:Ecuador 1412:Denmark 1397:Croatia 1352:Bolivia 1347:Belgium 1342:Belarus 1327:Austria 1317:Armenia 1307:Andorra 1302:Algeria 1297:Albania 1139:May Day 1062:Culture 863:History 792:Yarchuk 767:Tolstoy 762:Thoreau 757:Stirner 752:Spooner 717:Parsons 642:Graeber 632:Goldman 592:Durruti 577:Chomsky 567:Bonanno 562:Berkman 557:Bakunin 306:Anarchy 202:Parecon 158:African 70:Outline 65:History 4995:Jersey 4937:Kosovo 4904:Turkey 4894:Sweden 4874:Serbia 4864:Russia 4849:Poland 4844:Norway 4824:Monaco 4794:Latvia 4762:Greece 4747:France 4722:Cyprus 4613:Europe 4555:Brazil 4496:Panama 4486:Mexico 4456:Canada 4430:Turkey 4420:Sweden 4410:Serbia 4405:Russia 4390:Poland 4385:Norway 4375:Monaco 4370:Latvia 4345:Greece 4335:France 4268:Europe 4254:Turkey 4249:Taiwan 4209:Israel 4103:Africa 4016:  4008:  3969:  3835:  3786:  3648:  3640:  3632:  3207:2012: 3193:2001: 3183:1972: 3137:1937: 3111:1926: 3104:1921: 3036:1911: 3025:1900: 3014:1897: 3003:1894: 2997:1894: 2984:1891: 2973:1878: 2953:1874: 2917:Modena 2749:, and 2684:Arditi 2625:Eresia 2445:(IWA; 2432:Modena 2277:Europe 2268:, the 2215:Letino 2202:, the 2181:Naples 2031:, and 1963:, and 1682:Turkey 1672:Taiwan 1657:Sweden 1637:Serbia 1632:Russia 1612:Poland 1592:Panama 1587:Norway 1552:Monaco 1547:Mexico 1537:Latvia 1517:Israel 1472:Greece 1452:France 1372:Canada 1362:Brazil 1292:Africa 811:Issues 797:Zerzan 787:Warren 772:Tucker 742:Rocker 737:Reclus 727:Pouget 707:Michel 687:Makhno 662:KĹŤtoku 652:He-Yin 627:Godwin 612:Ferrer 582:Cleyre 547:Armand 542:Alston 534:People 294:Theory 192:Social 185:Jewish 131:Market 126:Egoist 5039:Italy 4970:Ă…land 4889:Spain 4814:Malta 4784:Italy 4560:Chile 4415:Spain 4365:Italy 4244:Syria 4219:Korea 4214:Japan 4194:India 4184:Egypt 4167:China 4116:Egypt 4014:JSTOR 3646:S2CID 3638:JSTOR 2915:from 2675:Parma 2219:Gallo 1747:Films 1737:Books 1725:Lists 1667:Syria 1652:Spain 1532:Korea 1527:Japan 1522:Italy 1497:India 1432:Egypt 1382:China 1377:Chile 1102:Films 1008:Provo 777:Volin 682:MagĂłn 657:Kanno 607:Faure 602:Ervin 597:Ellul 170:Queer 163:Black 99:Green 4585:Peru 4466:Cuba 4204:Iran 4145:Asia 4006:ISSN 3967:ISBN 3943:2023 3913:2023 3882:2023 3851:2021 3833:ISBN 3802:2021 3784:ISBN 3753:2009 3722:2021 3692:2021 3662:2021 3630:ISSN 3592:2010 3563:2010 3463:2010 3437:2010 3215:CEO 3141:and 3078:and 2911:and 2872:plot 2845:Rome 2828:and 2778:and 2702:and 2513:and 2400:and 2380:and 2307:(or 2287:Nice 2217:and 2064:and 2037:and 2016:and 1971:and 1602:Peru 1507:Iran 1402:Cuba 1087:Arts 782:Ward 712:Most 702:Mett 3998:doi 3825:doi 3776:doi 3680:BBC 3622:doi 3230:of 3219:by 3211:of 2800:in 2759:. 2627:of 2455:AIT 2453:or 2449:in 2311:). 2285:in 2228:In 2223:tax 1018:LIP 677:Liu 587:Day 416:Law 5051:: 4041:. 4012:. 4004:. 3929:. 3903:. 3899:. 3872:. 3868:. 3841:. 3831:. 3819:. 3792:. 3782:. 3770:. 3739:. 3708:. 3678:. 3652:. 3644:. 3636:. 3628:. 3618:11 3616:. 3612:. 3600:^ 3571:^ 3553:. 3515:. 3427:. 3358:^ 3328:^ 2919:. 2832:. 2793:. 2745:, 2733:. 2687:. 2635:. 2605:, 2601:, 2517:. 2501:, 2457:– 2408:. 2396:, 2392:, 2388:, 2369:. 2358:: 2246:, 2012:. 1986:, 1982:, 1959:, 1955:, 552:Ba 36:on 5015:: 4652:e 4645:t 4638:v 4087:e 4080:t 4073:v 4047:. 4020:. 4000:: 3984:. 3975:. 3945:. 3915:. 3884:. 3853:. 3827:: 3804:. 3778:: 3755:. 3724:. 3694:. 3664:. 3624:: 3594:. 3565:. 3465:. 3439:. 3425:" 3421:" 3234:. 3204:. 3158:. 3134:. 3119:. 3101:. 3082:. 3064:. 3044:. 3033:. 3022:. 3011:. 2994:. 2981:. 2950:. 2252:( 2238:( 1934:e 1927:t 1920:v 1159:" 1155:" 1147:" 1143:" 20:)

Index

Italian anarchist
a series
Anarchism
"Circle-A" anarchy symbol
Glossary
History
Outline
Schools of thought
Feminist
Green
Primitivist
Social ecology
Total liberation
Individualist
Egoist
Market
Naturist
Philosophical
Mutualism
Postcolonial
African
Black
Queer
Religious
Christian
Jewish
Social
Collectivist
Parecon
Communist

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