4191:
2436:
1185:
257:. It is also possible that some of these are not innovations, but shared conservative features, i.e. original Indo-European language features which have disappeared in all other language groups. What is commonly accepted is that the shared features may usefully be thought of as Italo-Celtic forms, as they are certainly shared by the two families and are almost certainly not coincidental.
300:, continued to be interested in the theory. In 2002 a paper by Ringe, Warnow and Taylor, employing computational methods as a supplement to the traditional linguistic subgrouping methodology, argued in favour of an Italo-Celtic subgroup, and in 2007, Kortlandt attempted a reconstruction of a Proto-Italo-Celtic.
353:
However, if some of the forms are archaic elements of Proto-Indo-European that were lost in other branches, neither model of post-PIE relationship must be postulated. Italic and especially Celtic also share several distinctive features with the
252:
on the basis of features shared by these two branches and no others. There is controversy about the causes of these similarities. They are usually considered to be innovations, likely to have developed after the breakup of the
349:
in Italic and Celtic is attributable to early contact, rather than to an original unity". The assumed period of language contact could then be later and perhaps continue well into the first millennium BC.
219:
3642:
310:
in 1991. More recently, Schrijver (2016) has argued that Celtic arose in the
Italian Peninsula as the first branch of Italo-Celtic to split off, with areal affinities to
2396:
632:) was initially thought to be an innovation restricted to Italo-Celtic until it was found to be a retained archaism shared with Hittite, Tocharian, and possibly the
269:
are generally more closely related to each other than to the other Indo-European languages. That could imply that they are descended from a common ancestor,
212:
939:
205:
561:. In both groups, this is a relatively late development of the proto-languages, possibly dating to the time of Italo-Celtic language contact.
1168:
Schrijver, Peter (2015). "Pruners and trainers of the Celtic family tree: The rise and development of Celtic in light of language contact".
1096:
881:
1483:
1217:
4127:
2094:
2065:
4147:
4137:
4167:
4152:
4142:
4157:
2541:
1150:
963:
890:
277:. Scholars who believe that Proto-Italo-Celtic was an identifiable historical language estimate that it was spoken in the
4232:
4162:
1092:, eds. Miriam Robbins Dexter and Edgar C. PolomĂ©. Washington D.C.: Institute for the Study of Man, 1997. pp. 223â46
3625:
3438:
919:
750:
443:, but that too is probably a comparatively late development. The phenomenon is probably related to the feminine long
337:
over a long period could have encouraged the parallel development of what were already quite separate languages, as
4217:
1976:
1631:
1066:
274:
2617:
2027:
1476:
1210:
790:
3608:
1189:
3881:
1519:
424:
254:
940:"17. Ancillary study: Sound Change, the Italo-Celtic Linguistic Unity, and the Italian Homeland of Celtic"
3081:
2341:
1828:
1654:
705:
75:
3652:
3527:
3132:
3101:
2481:
564:
the assimilation of *p to a following *kÊ·. This development obviously predates the Celtic loss of *p:
4227:
4222:
3613:
3448:
3076:
1469:
1234:
1203:
1015:
Michael Weiss, Italo-Celtica: Linguistic and
Cultural Points of Contact between Italic and Celtic in
162:
3413:
1127:
Schmidt, Karl Horst, âContributions from New Data to the
Reconstruction of the Proto-Languageâ. In:
850:
3953:
3387:
3363:
2689:
1865:
1808:
1593:
1552:
1381:
436:
489:"more, most"), where branches outside Italic and Celtic derive superlatives with reflexes of PIE *
3664:
3312:
2858:
2572:
2391:
2281:
1107:
Nishimura, Kanehiro (2005). "Superlative
Suffixes *-ismo- and *-isim̄mo in Sabellian Languages".
266:
249:
116:
37:
906:(1991). "V.E Italo-Celtic, The Development of the Laryngeals and Notes on Relative Chronology".
323:
4132:
4051:
4014:
3086:
2371:
2366:
1981:
1280:
1264:
845:
532:
502:
315:
233:
132:
527:-subjunctive. Both Italic and Celtic have a subjunctive descended from an earlier optative in
4212:
3898:
3713:
3458:
3358:
2729:
2567:
2546:
1958:
1507:
1419:
1339:
334:
330:
193:
4041:
3913:
3647:
3297:
2694:
2612:
2421:
2346:
1559:
1329:
786:
458:
413:
286:
8:
4190:
3928:
3797:
3727:
3708:
3687:
3620:
3443:
3317:
3137:
3122:
3117:
3071:
3046:
2719:
2607:
2592:
2406:
2225:
2020:
1970:
1860:
1853:
1836:
1602:
1566:
1387:
536:
363:
83:
3327:
952:
Celtic from the West 3: Atlantic Europe in the Metal Ages â Questions of Shared
Language
666:
4094:
3825:
3718:
3682:
3603:
3558:
3453:
3279:
3170:
3127:
3056:
2863:
2638:
2401:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2286:
2143:
2099:
1923:
1759:
1717:
1321:
1116:
1085:
1038:
911:
629:
603:
359:
297:
282:
278:
3958:
3933:
3923:
3659:
3632:
3513:
3368:
3353:
3348:
3307:
3302:
3207:
3096:
3051:
3041:
3033:
2704:
2658:
2648:
2489:
2316:
2296:
2255:
1575:
1543:
1529:
1439:
1363:
1257:
1247:
1242:
1156:
1146:
1142:
959:
915:
886:
794:
746:
686:
633:
554:
494:
406:
319:
3987:
3948:
3903:
3890:
3810:
3789:
3692:
3637:
3322:
3142:
3061:
2873:
2653:
2587:
2477:
2356:
2351:
2321:
2291:
2245:
2207:
2073:
1841:
1816:
1784:
1765:
1726:
1702:
1644:
1620:
1492:
1431:
1402:
1398:
1358:
1353:
1347:
1226:
1056:
855:
678:
540:
402:
355:
311:
245:
241:
69:
64:
1929:
830:
745:] (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Salamanca: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca.
4030:
3968:
3908:
3871:
3843:
3805:
3770:
3750:
3533:
3523:
3508:
3395:
3202:
3066:
2829:
2684:
2643:
2633:
2472:
2411:
2331:
2326:
2311:
2306:
2219:
1884:
1778:
1738:
1639:
1451:
1447:
935:
903:
776:
736:
448:
307:
293:
167:
157:
147:
137:
32:
1393:
4069:
4059:
4035:
3982:
3938:
3853:
3833:
3815:
3760:
3755:
3723:
3568:
3548:
3373:
3274:
3253:
3248:
2885:
2819:
2814:
2803:
2784:
2778:
2774:
2582:
2577:
2536:
2463:
2449:
2361:
2336:
2301:
2260:
2250:
2186:
2173:
2113:
2057:
2049:
2040:
2013:
1996:
1952:
1905:
1876:
1732:
1669:
1582:
1443:
1301:
947:
575:
531:. Such an optative is not known from other languages, but the suffix occurs in
431:
genitive occurred in the two groups independently (or by areal diffusion). The
379:
304:
1296:
1170:
Proceedings of the XIV International
Congress of Celtic Studies, Maynooth 2011
4206:
3866:
3838:
3745:
3737:
3479:
3431:
3217:
3165:
2894:
2834:
2824:
2724:
2699:
2485:
1935:
1773:
1311:
1138:
690:
427:(PIE) have also been discovered, which might indicate that the spread of the
338:
142:
1306:
1160:
859:
4184:
3977:
3765:
3289:
3243:
3182:
3091:
2868:
2846:
2839:
2276:
2201:
2191:
2123:
1752:
1682:
1062:
1052:
943:
763:
188:
152:
2468:
1334:
1291:
798:
667:"Revisiting the classification of Gallo-Italic: a dialectometric approach"
265:
The traditional interpretation of the data is that both sub-groups of the
4099:
4084:
3485:
3404:
3212:
3197:
3187:
3160:
2986:
2939:
2851:
2597:
2214:
2118:
2005:
955:
682:
2754:
2520:
1120:
4022:
4010:
3463:
3427:
3227:
3192:
3152:
2744:
2506:
2497:
1074:
621:
A number of other similarities continue to be pointed out and debated.
558:
342:
882:
Italo-Celtic
Origins and Prehistoric Development of the Irish Language
3422:
2529:
1964:
1917:
1745:
1675:
986:
812:
612:
510:
99:
2734:
2435:
1090:
Varia on the Indo-European Past: Papers in Memory of Marija
Gimbutas
1079:
329:
The most common alternative interpretation is that the proximity of
4079:
3543:
2996:
2951:
2915:
2903:
2749:
2709:
2524:
2516:
2511:
2493:
2416:
2153:
2148:
2133:
1911:
1461:
1316:
1269:
1195:
1055:, "An Italo-Celtic isogloss: the 3 pl. mediopassive in *-ntro," in
440:
2764:
1172:. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. pp. 191â219.
4089:
4064:
3943:
3918:
3553:
3518:
3491:
3418:
3400:
2991:
2927:
2551:
2181:
2158:
1848:
1821:
1663:
1536:
16:
Hypothetical grouping of the Italic and Celtic language families
4074:
3861:
3643:
Constitutional status of Orkney, Shetland and the
Western Isles
3563:
3538:
3502:
3496:
3409:
3332:
3258:
3177:
2679:
2163:
2108:
1889:
1184:
1134:
550:
292:
That hypothesis fell out of favour after it was re-examined by
2963:
2769:
2714:
2602:
2196:
2138:
2128:
2086:
2036:
1435:
1252:
568:
1017:
Proceedings of the 23rd Annual UCLA Indo-European Conference
3222:
2759:
2739:
2674:
2502:
908:
The Reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European Laryngeals in Latin
743:
Indo-Europeans and non-Indo-Europeans in Pre-Roman Hispania
885:, Leiden Studies in Indo-European Vol. 14, Rodopi 2007,
738:
Indoeuropeos y no indoeuropeos en la Hispania Prerromana
710:
EMERITA, Revista de LingĂŒĂstica y FilologĂa ClĂĄsica (EM)
318:, and identified Proto-Celtic archaeologically with the
520:"red, reddest", as well as, of course, English "-est").
2955:
829:
Ringe, Don; Warnow, Tandy; Taylor, Ann (March 2002).
706:"NUEVA INSCRIPCIĂN LUSITANA PROCEDENTE DE PORTALEGRE"
646:
303:
Emphatic support for an Italo-Celtic clade came from
3341:
780:
1101:
Zeitschrift fĂŒr celtische Philologie 49-50, Issue 1
665:Tamburelli, Marco; Brasca, Lissander (2018-06-01).
828:
704:PrĂłsper, Blanca Maria; Villar, Francisco (2009).
4204:
664:
1097:"Early Celtic among the Indo-European dialects"
345:. As Watkins (1966) puts it, "the community of
366:, and those features are certainly archaisms.
296:in 1966. Nevertheless, some scholars, such as
2919:
2021:
1832:? (possibly independent or pre-Indo-European)
1477:
1211:
781:Birnbaum, Henrik; Puhvel, Jaan, eds. (1966).
703:
213:
2907:
1129:Polomé, Edgar; Winter, Werner, eds. (1992).
1128:
831:"Indo-European and Computational Cladistics"
435:genitive has been compared to the so-called
2967:
2931:
273:, which can be partly reconstructed by the
2943:
2035:
2028:
2014:
1484:
1470:
1218:
1204:
1088:"Frozen Residues and Relative Dating", in
1004:New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin
697:
220:
206:
1167:
1106:
934:
902:
849:
728:
838:Transactions of the Philological Society
539:past tense formations, and possibly in
4205:
2884:
734:
374:The principal Italo-Celtic forms are:
4116:
4008:
3787:
3589:
3021:
2801:
2447:
2084:
2009:
1465:
1199:
1131:Reconstructing Languages and Cultures
1032:
671:Digital Scholarship in the Humanities
652:
1491:
1225:
4009:
1914:(Chubut Province, Argentina; Welsh)
13:
1071:(Washington, D.C., 1997): 146-161.
1046:
581:(Welsh p is from Proto-Celtic *kÊ·)
260:
240:is a hypothetical grouping of the
14:
4244:
3439:Festival Interceltique de Lorient
1177:
1080:https://doi.org/10.54586/IPBD8569
987:"A Celtic-Hittite Correspondence"
461:with reflexes of the PIE suffix *
4189:
2802:
2434:
1977:Scottish Gaelic-medium education
1183:
1067:Journal of Indo-European Studies
813:"More Evidence for Italo-Celtic"
779:, "Italo-Celtic Revisited". In:
1026:
1009:
996:
979:
928:
473:"strong, strongest", Old Irish
1926:(Nova Scotia; Scottish Gaelic)
1405:, transitional or independent)
896:
873:
822:
805:
791:University of California Press
783:Ancient Indo-European dialects
770:
658:
1:
4158:Celtic place names in Galicia
3788:
1997:extinct or ancestor languages
639:
267:Indo-European language family
250:Indo-European language family
3590:
2095:Ancient Celtic ethnic groups
386:(eg Latin second declension
255:Proto-Indo-European language
7:
3082:Welsh literature in English
3022:
2448:
2174:Modern Celtic ethnic groups
2085:
1446:; Latin is still used as a
598:PIE *perkÊ·u- 'oak' â Latin
584:PIE *penkÊ·e 'five' â Latin
10:
4249:
4233:Proposed language families
3102:Scottish Gaelic literature
2482:Brigantia (ancient region)
1438:(and its descendants, the
879:Kortlandt, Frederik H.H.,
811:Kortlandt, Frederik H.H.,
735:Villar, Francisco (2000).
549:the collapsing of the PIE
506:
4180:
4123:
4117:
4112:
4050:
4021:
4004:
3967:
3889:
3880:
3852:
3824:
3796:
3783:
3736:
3701:
3675:
3596:
3585:
3472:
3449:Hebridean Celtic Festival
3386:
3288:
3267:
3236:
3151:
3110:
3077:Welsh-language literature
3032:
3028:
3017:
2979:
2893:
2810:
2797:
2667:
2626:
2560:
2456:
2443:
2432:
2269:
2238:
2172:
2093:
2080:
2047:
1990:
1945:
1898:
1875:
1812:? (possibly hypothetical)
1800:
1716:
1694:
1653:
1630:
1612:
1601:
1592:
1517:
1499:
1428:
1412:
1374:
1279:
1233:
1033:Kruta, Venceslas (1991).
498:
98:
93:
58:
50:
33:Linguistic classification
31:
26:
21:
3882:Ancient Celtic languages
1006:, OUP 1995, p.145, §141.
610:, in northwest Hispania
369:
324:Late Bronze Age of Italy
4218:Indo-European languages
4153:Gaulish words in French
4138:Celtic words in English
2392:Scottish New Zealanders
2282:Anglo-Celtic Australian
1820:? (possibly related to
1272:? (possibly not Italic)
860:10.1111/1467-968X.00091
3087:Early Irish literature
2968:
2956:
2944:
2932:
2920:
2908:
2372:Scotch-Irish Canadians
2367:Scotch-Irish Americans
1982:Welsh-medium education
1632:Southwestern Brittonic
1078:3 (2010): 47â59. DOI:
509:"beautiful, fairest",
234:historical linguistics
3714:Scottish independence
3459:Celtic Media Festival
3342:National music scenes
2568:Proto-Celtic religion
2270:Related ethnic groups
1959:Skol Veythrin Karenza
1899:Celtic-speaking areas
1824:or pre-Indo-European)
1420:Proto-Italic language
481:"old, oldest", Oscan
382:genitive singular in
4038:(Medieval Welsh law)
3648:Scottish nationalism
3298:Ancient Celtic music
2613:Romano-Celtic temple
2422:Welsh New Zealanders
2347:Irish New Zealanders
1192:at Wikimedia Commons
1095:Lehmann, Winfred P.
1076:Studia Celto-Slavica
1019:, Hempen Verlag 2012
958:. pp. 489â502.
567:PIE *pekÊ·- 'cook' â
399:Popliosio Valesiosio
287:South-Central Europe
3728:Irish republicanism
3709:Breton independence
3688:Scottish devolution
3621:Cornish nationalism
3444:Pan Celtic Festival
3318:Scottish folk music
3072:Scottish literature
2593:Celtic Christianity
2397:Scottish Travellers
2382:Scottish Argentines
2226:Scottish Travellers
1971:Bunscoill Ghaelgagh
1946:Immersive education
1448:liturgical language
1390:? (possibly Celtic)
1086:Lehmann, Winfred P.
1039:Thames & Hudson
501:"broad, broadest",
425:Proto-Indo-European
397:). Both in Italic (
364:Tocharian languages
326:(c. 1300â1100 BC).
120:phylogenetic clades
3719:Welsh independence
3683:Cornish devolution
3604:Breton nationalism
3454:Celtic Connections
3057:Cornish literature
2402:Ulster Protestants
2387:Scottish Canadians
2377:Scottish Americans
2287:Anglo-Irish people
1924:Cape Breton Island
1760:Early Modern Irish
1520:Continental Celtic
1145:. pp. 35â62.
1002:Andrew L. Sihler,
914:. pp. 415ff.
793:. pp. 29â50.
683:10.1093/llc/fqx041
630:mediopassive voice
360:Anatolian language
298:Frederik Kortlandt
283:2nd millennium BCE
275:comparative method
271:Proto-Italo-Celtic
54:Proto-Italo-Celtic
4200:
4199:
4176:
4175:
4108:
4107:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3959:Cisalpine Gaulish
3779:
3778:
3665:national identity
3660:Welsh nationalism
3653:national identity
3633:Irish nationalism
3581:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3514:Cornish wrestling
3382:
3381:
3303:Breton Folk music
3268:Regional cultures
3111:National cultures
3097:Gaelic literature
3052:Breton literature
3013:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3005:
3004:
2793:
2792:
2705:Chief of the Name
2573:Celtic polytheism
2490:Sub-Roman Britain
2430:
2429:
2317:Irish Australians
2297:Cornish Americans
2256:Scottish diaspora
2003:
2002:
1796:
1795:
1712:
1711:
1655:Western Brittonic
1544:Cisalpine Gaulish
1459:
1458:
1440:Romance languages
1258:Romance languages
1188:Media related to
1152:978-3-11-012671-6
1143:Mouton de Gruyter
965:978-1-78570-227-3
891:978-90-420-2177-8
655:, pp. 54â55.
634:Phrygian language
457:the formation of
419:), traces of the
405:) and in Celtic (
320:Canegrate culture
230:
229:
110:
109:
4240:
4228:Italic languages
4223:Celtic languages
4193:
4114:
4113:
4006:
4005:
3988:Galwegian Gaelic
3887:
3886:
3785:
3784:
3693:Welsh devolution
3587:
3586:
3339:
3338:
3328:Sean-nĂłs singing
3323:Welsh folk music
3313:Irish folk music
3280:Highland culture
3062:Irish literature
3042:Arthurian Legend
3030:
3029:
3019:
3018:
2971:
2959:
2947:
2935:
2923:
2911:
2891:
2890:
2882:
2881:
2859:Neo-Christianity
2799:
2798:
2730:Gaelic astrology
2690:Celtic festivals
2588:Celtic mythology
2561:Ancient religion
2478:Iron Age Britain
2445:
2444:
2438:
2417:Welsh Argentines
2357:Irish Uruguayans
2352:Irish Travellers
2322:Irish Brazilians
2312:Irish Argentines
2292:Breton Americans
2246:Cornish diaspora
2208:Irish Travellers
2082:
2081:
2074:Celtic languages
2030:
2023:
2016:
2007:
2006:
1785:Galwegian Gaelic
1766:Classical Gaelic
1727:Classical Gaelic
1621:Common Brittonic
1610:
1609:
1599:
1598:
1493:Celtic languages
1486:
1479:
1472:
1463:
1462:
1432:Italic languages
1227:Italic languages
1220:
1213:
1206:
1197:
1196:
1187:
1173:
1164:
1133:(1st ed.).
1124:
1061:Festschrift for
1042:
1020:
1013:
1007:
1000:
994:
985:Nils M. Holmer,
983:
977:
976:
974:
972:
936:Schrijver, Peter
932:
926:
925:
904:Schrijver, Peter
900:
894:
877:
871:
870:
868:
866:
853:
835:
826:
820:
809:
803:
802:
777:Watkins, Calvert
774:
768:
767:
761:
759:
732:
726:
725:
723:
721:
701:
695:
694:
662:
656:
650:
508:
507:ÎșαλÏÏ, ÎșΏλλÎčÏÏÎżÏ
500:
403:Lapis Satricanus
356:Hittite language
248:branches of the
222:
215:
208:
112:
111:
19:
18:
4248:
4247:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4196:
4172:
4119:
4104:
4046:
4042:Early Scots law
4031:Early Irish law
4017:
3992:
3969:Scottish Gaelic
3963:
3904:Proto-Brittonic
3876:
3872:Beurla Reagaird
3848:
3844:Scottish Gaelic
3820:
3792:
3775:
3771:Columba Project
3751:Celtic Congress
3732:
3697:
3671:
3592:
3573:
3534:Gaelic handball
3524:Gaelic football
3509:Cornish hurling
3468:
3378:
3337:
3284:
3263:
3249:Gaelic clothing
3232:
3147:
3106:
3067:Manx literature
3024:
3001:
2980:Other claimants
2975:
2880:
2830:Celtic Congress
2806:
2789:
2685:Celtic calendar
2663:
2622:
2556:
2452:
2439:
2426:
2412:Welsh Americans
2332:Irish Catholics
2327:Irish Canadians
2307:Irish Americans
2265:
2239:Celtic diaspora
2234:
2168:
2097:
2089:
2076:
2043:
2034:
2004:
1999:
1986:
1941:
1894:
1885:Beurla Reagaird
1871:
1809:Ancient Belgian
1792:
1779:Scottish Gaelic
1739:Primitive Irish
1708:
1690:
1649:
1626:
1605:
1588:
1513:
1495:
1490:
1460:
1455:
1452:Catholic Church
1424:
1408:
1382:Ancient Belgian
1370:
1275:
1235:Latino-Faliscan
1229:
1224:
1180:
1153:
1103:(1997): 440-54.
1049:
1047:Further reading
1029:
1024:
1023:
1014:
1010:
1001:
997:
984:
980:
970:
968:
966:
948:Cunliffe, Barry
933:
929:
922:
901:
897:
878:
874:
864:
862:
851:10.1.1.139.6014
833:
827:
823:
810:
806:
775:
771:
757:
755:
753:
733:
729:
719:
717:
702:
698:
663:
659:
651:
647:
642:
499:urĂșs, vĂĄriáčŁáčhas
372:
308:Peter Schrijver
294:Calvert Watkins
263:
261:Interpretations
226:
168:Thraco-Illyrian
163:Armeno-Phrygian
158:Graeco-Phrygian
148:Graeco-Armenian
138:Graeco-Albanian
119:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4246:
4236:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4187:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4110:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4060:Gaelic warfare
4056:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4036:Cyfraith Hywel
4033:
4027:
4025:
4019:
4018:
4002:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3985:
3983:Deeside Gaelic
3980:
3974:
3972:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3956:
3954:Hispano-Celtic
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3909:Proto-Goidelic
3906:
3901:
3895:
3893:
3884:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3858:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3830:
3828:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3802:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3781:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3761:Celtic society
3758:
3756:Celtic Revival
3753:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3724:United Ireland
3721:
3716:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3679:
3677:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3657:
3656:
3655:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3611:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3583:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3569:Welsh handball
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3549:Highland games
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3482:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3425:
3416:
3407:
3392:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3277:
3275:Gaelic culture
3271:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3254:Highland dress
3251:
3246:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3218:Pictish stones
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3163:
3157:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3038:
3036:
3026:
3025:
3015:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2961:
2949:
2937:
2925:
2913:
2900:
2898:
2888:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2861:
2856:
2855:
2854:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2822:
2820:Celtic nations
2817:
2815:Celtic Revival
2811:
2808:
2807:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2583:Celtic Animism
2580:
2578:Celtic deities
2575:
2570:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2537:Cisalpine Gaul
2534:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2509:
2500:
2475:
2466:
2464:Gaelic Ireland
2460:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2441:
2440:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2362:Manx Americans
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2337:Irish Chileans
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2302:English people
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2261:Welsh diaspora
2258:
2253:
2251:Irish diaspora
2248:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2217:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2091:
2090:
2078:
2077:
2058:Celtic studies
2050:Celtic nations
2048:
2045:
2044:
2033:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2010:
2001:
2000:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1906:Lower Brittany
1902:
1900:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1866:Paleo-Hispanic
1857:
1845:
1833:
1825:
1813:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1776:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1730:
1722:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1698:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1679:
1667:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1636:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1616:
1614:
1607:
1596:
1594:Insular Celtic
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1579:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1563:
1553:Hispano-Celtic
1549:
1548:
1547:
1533:
1525:
1523:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1511:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1489:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1466:
1457:
1456:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1396:
1391:
1385:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1344:Umbrian group
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1285:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1250:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1179:
1178:External links
1176:
1175:
1174:
1165:
1151:
1125:
1104:
1093:
1083:
1072:
1065:. Volume I (=
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1008:
995:
993:(1969): 23â24.
978:
964:
954:. Oxford, UK:
927:
920:
895:
872:
821:
804:
769:
751:
727:
696:
677:(2): 442â455.
657:
644:
643:
641:
638:
619:
618:
617:
616:
596:
582:
562:
557:into a single
547:
521:
455:
447:stems and the
371:
368:
339:areal features
262:
259:
228:
227:
225:
224:
217:
210:
202:
199:
198:
197:
196:
191:
186:
178:
177:
173:
172:
171:
170:
165:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
135:
127:
126:
122:
121:
108:
107:
102:
96:
95:
94:Language codes
91:
90:
89:
88:
80:
72:
67:
60:
56:
55:
52:
51:Proto-language
48:
47:
46:
45:
35:
29:
28:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4245:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4192:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4179:
4169:
4168:â in Portugal
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4148:â in Galician
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4122:
4115:
4111:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4007:
4003:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3966:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3855:
3851:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3786:
3782:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3746:Celtic League
3744:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3738:Pan-Celticism
3735:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3700:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3619:
3615:
3614:reunification
3612:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3588:
3584:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3229:
3228:Triple spiral
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3047:Bardic Poetry
3045:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3020:
3016:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2970:
2965:
2962:
2958:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2938:
2934:
2929:
2926:
2922:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2895:Celtic League
2892:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2835:Celtic League
2833:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2825:Pan-Celticism
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2800:
2796:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2725:Gaelicisation
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2700:Celticisation
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2503:Iron Age Gaul
2501:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2486:Roman Britain
2483:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2437:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2342:Irish Mexican
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2171:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2066:Celtic tribes
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2031:
2026:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2008:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1936:Y Fro Gymraeg
1934:
1931:
1930:GĂ idhealtachd
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:Reconstructed
1611:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1500:Reconstructed
1498:
1494:
1487:
1482:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1413:Reconstructed
1411:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1265:Praenestinian
1263:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1069:Monograph 23)
1068:
1064:
1058:
1054:
1053:Jasanoff, Jay
1051:
1050:
1040:
1036:
1031:
1030:
1018:
1012:
1005:
999:
992:
988:
982:
967:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
944:Koch, John T.
941:
937:
931:
923:
921:90-5183-308-3
917:
913:
910:. Amsterdam:
909:
905:
899:
892:
888:
884:
883:
876:
861:
857:
852:
847:
844:(1): 59â129.
843:
839:
832:
825:
819:(1981): 1-22.
818:
814:
808:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
778:
773:
765:
754:
752:84-7800-968-X
748:
744:
740:
739:
731:
715:
711:
707:
700:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
661:
654:
649:
645:
637:
635:
631:
627:
622:
615:
614:
609:
605:
601:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
580:
577:
573:
570:
566:
565:
563:
560:
556:
552:
548:
545:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
519:
515:
512:
504:
503:Ancient Greek
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
453:
450:
446:
442:
439:formation in
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
415:
411:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:
389:
385:
381:
377:
376:
375:
367:
365:
361:
357:
351:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
327:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
306:
301:
299:
295:
290:
288:
285:somewhere in
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
258:
256:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
223:
218:
216:
211:
209:
204:
203:
201:
200:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
181:
180:
179:
175:
174:
169:
166:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
144:
143:Daco-Thracian
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
130:
129:
128:
124:
123:
118:
117:Indo-European
115:Hypothetical
114:
113:
106:
103:
101:
97:
92:
86:
85:
81:
78:
77:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
62:
61:
57:
53:
49:
44:
41:
40:
39:
38:Indo-European
36:
34:
30:
25:
20:
4213:Italo-Celtic
4185:Celts portal
4143:â in Spanish
3978:Arran Gaelic
3899:Proto-Celtic
3867:Bungi Creole
3766:Celtic unity
3702:Independence
3501:
3484:
3308:Gaelic music
3244:Celtic Dress
3193:High crosses
3183:Celtic cross
3161:Bell shrines
3092:Irish annals
2874:Neo-Druidism
2869:Celtic Wicca
2840:Celtic union
2804:Modern Celts
2695:Celtic women
2598:Celtic Rites
2547:Transylvania
2407:Ulster Scots
2277:Anglo-Celtic
2124:Celtiberians
2069:
2061:
2053:
2041:modern Celts
1992:
1864:? (possibly
1859:
1852:? (possibly
1847:
1840:? (possibly
1835:
1827:
1815:
1807:
1783:
1764:
1758:
1753:Middle Irish
1751:
1744:
1737:
1725:
1701:
1683:Middle Welsh
1681:
1674:
1662:
1619:
1581:
1574:
1565:
1558:
1551:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1518:
1508:Proto-Celtic
1506:
1401:? (possibly
1340:South Picene
1288:Oscan group
1281:Osco-Umbrian
1190:Italo-Celtic
1169:
1130:
1112:
1108:
1100:
1089:
1075:
1063:Eric P. Hamp
1060:
1034:
1027:Bibliography
1016:
1011:
1003:
998:
990:
981:
969:. Retrieved
951:
930:
907:
898:
880:
875:
863:. Retrieved
841:
837:
824:
816:
807:
782:
772:
764:Google Books
762:– via
758:22 September
756:. Retrieved
742:
737:
730:
718:. Retrieved
713:
709:
699:
674:
670:
660:
648:
625:
623:
620:
611:
607:
599:
593:
589:
588:; Old Irish
585:
578:
571:
543:
533:Balto-Slavic
528:
524:
517:
513:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
459:superlatives
451:
444:
432:
428:
423:genitive of
420:
416:
409:
398:
393:
391:
387:
383:
373:
352:
346:
335:Proto-Italic
331:Proto-Celtic
328:
302:
291:
270:
264:
238:Italo-Celtic
237:
231:
189:Indo-Hittite
184:Italo-Celtic
183:
153:Graeco-Aryan
133:Paleo-Balkan
104:
82:
74:
59:Subdivisions
43:Italo-Celtic
42:
22:Italo-Celtic
4100:Trimarcisia
4085:GallĂłglaigh
3914:Celtiberian
3638:Isle of Man
3597:Nationalism
3486:Bataireacht
3405:Calan Gaeaf
3364:Isle of Man
3208:Leaf-crowns
3198:Insular art
3171:Dragonesque
3133:Isle of Man
2987:Nova Scotia
2940:Isle of Man
2864:Neopaganism
2608:Monasticism
2119:Caledonians
1606:(Brythonic)
1560:Celtiberian
1330:Pre-Samnite
1297:Marrucinian
1115:: 160â183.
1057:D. Q. Adams
956:Oxbow Books
471:fortissimus
414:Celtiberian
305:Celtologist
194:Indo-Uralic
4207:Categories
4163:â in Italy
4065:Ceathairne
3929:Gallaecian
3559:Road bowls
3464:Eisteddfod
3432:Calan Awst
3428:Lughnasadh
3034:Literature
2897:definition
2720:Clan chief
2507:Roman Gaul
2498:Hen Ogledd
2224:including
2206:including
1932:(Scotland)
1908:(Brittany)
1861:Tartessian
1837:Lusitanian
1567:Gallaecian
1442:) are now
1388:Lusitanian
1307:Paelignian
653:Kruta 1991
640:References
628:-passive (
613:Querquerni
559:past tense
454:-mutation.
390:, gen.sg.
362:) and the
343:Sprachbund
84:Lusitanian
27:(proposed)
4095:Redshanks
4070:Ceithearn
3798:Brittonic
3790:Languages
3423:Calan Mai
3414:GƔyl Fair
3388:Festivals
3203:Interlace
2627:Mythology
2618:Practices
2530:Gallaecia
2144:Galatians
1995:indicate
1965:Gaelscoil
1961:(Cornish)
1920:(Ireland)
1918:Gaeltacht
1854:Tyrsenian
1746:Old Irish
1676:Old Welsh
1603:Brittonic
1394:Oenotrian
1322:Vestinian
1035:The Celts
846:CiteSeerX
716:(1): 1â32
691:2055-7671
606:ethnonym
537:Tocharian
511:Old Norse
493:instead (
341:within a
316:Sabellian
100:Glottolog
4080:Gaesatae
3971:dialects
3934:Lepontic
3924:Galatian
3826:Goidelic
3676:Autonomy
3591:Politics
3544:Rounders
3396:Calendar
3369:Scotland
3354:Cornwall
3349:Brittany
3237:Clothing
3188:Knotwork
3166:Brooches
3138:Scotland
3123:Cornwall
3118:Brittany
2997:Y Wladfa
2952:Scotland
2916:Cornwall
2904:Brittany
2755:SeanchaĂ
2750:Tanistry
2710:Derbfine
2639:Scottish
2525:Brittany
2521:Domnonée
2517:Armorica
2512:Britonia
2494:Dumnonia
2469:DĂĄlriata
2154:Lepontii
2149:Helvetii
2134:Gallaeci
1955:(Breton)
1912:Y Wladfa
1829:Ligurian
1718:Goidelic
1576:Lepontic
1530:Galatian
1364:Volscian
1317:Sidicini
1292:Hernican
1270:Siculian
1248:Lanuvian
1243:Faliscan
1161:25009339
1139:New York
1121:40267191
950:(eds.).
938:(2016).
787:Berkeley
604:Goidelic
592:, Welsh
518:rauĂ°astr
495:Sanskrit
463:-ism̄mo-
441:Sanskrit
407:Lepontic
380:thematic
76:Ligurian
4133:Deities
4090:Hobelar
4052:Warfare
4015:Warfare
3949:Pictish
3944:Cumbric
3919:Gaulish
3891:Extinct
3811:Cornish
3609:history
3554:Hurling
3528:Ladies'
3519:Curling
3492:Camogie
3419:Beltane
3401:Samhain
3359:Ireland
3128:Ireland
3023:Culture
2992:England
2928:Ireland
2886:Nations
2785:Coinage
2775:Warfare
2668:Society
2659:Cornish
2649:British
2552:Galatia
2542:Balkans
2450:Studies
2187:Cornish
2182:Bretons
2159:Noricum
2114:Britons
2087:Peoples
1993:Italics
1967:(Irish)
1938:(Wales)
1849:Rhaetic
1822:Rhaetic
1817:Camunic
1801:Unknown
1703:Pictish
1695:Pictish
1664:Cumbric
1645:Cornish
1537:Gaulish
1450:of the
1444:extinct
1434:except
1399:Venetic
1375:Unknown
1359:Umbrian
1354:Marsian
1348:Aequian
1312:Samnite
1059:(ed.),
991:Ăriu 21
971:May 12,
865:May 12,
817:Ăriu 32
720:11 June
600:quercus
586:quīnque
572:coquere
555:perfect
541:Hittite
465:(Latin
388:dominus
322:of the
312:Venetic
4128:Tribes
4075:Fianna
3862:Shelta
3806:Breton
3626:status
3564:Shinty
3539:Gouren
3503:Cnapan
3497:Cammag
3410:Imbolc
3333:Carnyx
3259:Tartan
3178:Carnyx
2945:Mannin
2921:Kernow
2909:Breizh
2779:Gaelic
2735:FĂĄinne
2680:Brehon
2654:Breton
2603:Druids
2457:Places
2164:Volcae
2109:Belgae
2070:·
2068:
2062:·
2060:
2054:·
2052:
1973:(Manx)
1890:Shelta
1842:Italic
1640:Breton
1403:Celtic
1335:Sabine
1159:
1149:
1135:Berlin
1119:
1109:Glotta
962:
918:
912:Rodopi
889:
848:
799:716409
797:
749:
714:LXXVII
689:
608:Querni
551:aorist
491:-isto-
487:maimas
467:fortis
449:Luwian
246:Celtic
242:Italic
125:Balkan
70:Celtic
65:Italic
4118:Lists
3939:Noric
3854:Mixed
3834:Irish
3816:Welsh
3480:Bando
3473:Sport
3374:Wales
3290:Music
3223:Torcs
3213:Mazes
3143:Wales
2969:Cymru
2964:Wales
2847:Music
2770:Vates
2765:TĂșath
2715:Druid
2644:Welsh
2634:Irish
2220:Scots
2202:Irish
2197:Gaels
2192:Welsh
2139:Gauls
2129:Gaels
2100:Names
2072:
2064:
2056:
2037:Celts
1953:Diwan
1877:Mixed
1733:Irish
1670:Welsh
1583:Noric
1436:Latin
1302:Oscan
1253:Latin
1117:JSTOR
1099:, in
989:, in
942:. In
834:(PDF)
815:, in
741:[
576:Welsh
569:Latin
544:-ahh-
514:rauĂ°r
479:sinem
421:-osyo
410:-oiso
392:domin
370:Forms
176:Other
4013:and
3839:Manx
3726:and
2957:Alba
2933:Ăire
2852:Rock
2760:Sept
2740:Fili
2675:Bard
2473:Alba
2215:Manx
2039:and
1774:Manx
1430:All
1157:OCLC
1147:ISBN
973:2019
960:ISBN
916:ISBN
887:ISBN
867:2019
795:OCLC
760:2014
747:ISBN
722:2012
687:ISSN
624:The
594:pump
590:cĂłic
579:pobi
553:and
535:and
523:the
483:mais
378:the
358:(an
333:and
314:and
244:and
105:None
4023:Law
4011:Law
3153:Art
2745:Law
856:doi
842:100
679:doi
529:-Ä-
475:sen
437:Cvi
281:or
279:3rd
232:In
4209::
2523:/
2519:/
2505:/
2496:/
2492:/
2488:/
2484:/
2480:/
2471:/
1155:.
1141::
1137:,
1113:81
1111:.
1037:.
946:;
854:.
840:.
836:.
789::
785:.
712:.
708:.
685:.
675:33
673:.
669:.
636:.
602:;
574:;
516:,
505::
497::
485:,
477:,
469:,
417:-o
412:,
401:,
347:-Ä«
289:.
236:,
87:â ?
79:â ?
3530:)
3526:(
3430:/
3421:/
3412:/
3403:/
2972:)
2966:(
2960:)
2954:(
2948:)
2942:(
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