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1426:[On the 15th of Hamle, the king rested from the afflictions of this passing world, at daybreak, on a Sunday â Evangelist Mark â lian du monde 7:75. That same day the officials who were present there, namely the blattsengeta Akala Krestos, the da-Baz mas Anestasyos, 1 azai Za-Wald, the azĂ€z KanĂ€fero, the graz-mag Tequre; the fitawrĂ€ri Fesseha Krestos (B: Giyorgis), the dagazmaÀë Dilba Iyasus, the basa LesĂ€na Krestos, with the aza and the liq of right and left, proclaimed his son IyĂ€su king, as carries the use of the provisions of the law of the reign.]
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37:
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lover of curious arts and sciences, but his chief passion is for war. He is brave and undaunted in battles, and always at the head of his troops. He has an extraordinary love for justice, which he administers to his subjects with great exactness; but whereas he is averse to blood, 'tis not without reluctance that he condemns a criminal . Such eminent qualities make him equally fear'd and belov'd by his subjects, who respect him even to adoration.
755:
1558:[The serÀg masare Malke'a Krestos put the crown on his head; lanai Hawarya Krestos and the azai Walda Haymanot, who were sahafe te'zaz, sent sealed letters to the various countries to announce that his father ƞohannes was dead, and that his son reigned in his place. There was then no trouble or confusion in the capital or in the country; but tranquility, calm and peace reigned everywhere, as before.]
554:, who lived west of Wollo. Iyasu then carried out his main assault on the Oromos living in Wollo, who were so terrified by the fate of the Wechales, and so afraid of passing through the latter's burning fields, that they were unable to offer any resistance. The Emperor pillaged their area, killed many of their soldiers, and seized many women, and large herds of cattle.
406:). This led to decrease of taxes, and tax exemptions for small merchants, which encouraged trade. The monarch declared that anyone attempting to tax them would have his property confiscated, and be punishable by death. Iyasu I ordered the chiefs, and the location of all Tigray Kella, be announced by herald, and recorded in the royal chronicle.
628:. Killing two of the enemy, one with a rifle and the other with a spear, Iyasu reportedly wrought further destruction, killing many of his adversaries, and taking tremendous loot. He then crossed the Dura river, where the Shankella, on seeing the size of his forces and the number of his fire-arms, fled, and ââdisappeared like smokeââ.
1555:
Le serÀg masare Malke'a
Krestos mit la couronne sur sa tĂȘte; lanai Hawarya Krestos et l'azai Walda Haymanot, qui Ă©taient sahafe te'zaz, envoyĂšrent dans les divers pays des lettres scellĂ©es pour annoncer que son pĂšre Ćžohannes Ă©lait mort, et que le fils de celui- ci rĂ©gnait Ă sa place. li n'y eut pas
739:
Although' he is not above one and forty years old, yet he has already a numerous issue. He has eight princes and three princesses. The
Emperor has great qualities â sagacious genius, a sweet and affable humor, and the stature of a hero. He is the most handsome man I have seen in Aethiopia. He is a
1423:
Le 15 de hamlĂ«, le roi se reposa des afflictions de ce monde passager, a la pointe du jour, un dimanche â evangĂ©liste Marc â lian du monde 7:75. Ce meme jour les fonctionnaires qui etaient presents la-bas, a savoir le blattsengeta Akala
Krestos, le da-Baz mas Anestasyos, 1 azai Za-Wald, l'azÀz
1050:
was a palace official whose was responsible for activities including the planning, hosting, and presiding of ceremonial events for visiting chiefs of regions and heads of monasteries and parishes, as well as coordinating logistics for the visits. He arranged itineraries for foreign dignitaries
644:
rule, and begged the then prince to assist their return to the
Christian fold once he became Emperor. This happened when he marched south to Dara, where he took many of the Tulama Oromos prisoner. He then freed the Kordidas, no less than hundred thousand of whom, accompanied by their women and
207:
monarch, Iyasu temporarily halted the trend of decline through his brilliance as a military leader, reestablishing control over rebellious vassals and conquering areas to the south of his domain. In addition to his military and political exploits, Iyasu was a patron of architecture, arts and
274:
Iyasu fell out with his father in 1681, and according to the chronicles, the prince and his followers crossed the Blue Nile and found refuge in pagan controlled areas. At a place called Bete Walato, in Oromo occupied territory, Iyasu met a large number of his father's former subjects, the
283:
group who wished to free themselves from Oromo rule and return to
Christianity, the religion of their ancestors. The group made Iyasu promise them that if and when he came to the throne he would help them achieve this ambition. Not long after this Iyasu reconciled with his father.
790:
Emperor. According to some accounts, this was not Iyasu's intent, and he marched from his hermitage in Lake Tana towards to Gondar to protest this; in any case, during this time he fell sick and was assassinated at Tekle
Haymanot's orders by his maternal uncle's,
1424:
KanÀfero, le graz- mag Tequre; le fitawrÀri
Fesseha Krestos (B Giyorgis), le dagazmaÀë Dilba Iyasus, le basa LesÀna Krestos, avec les aza et les liq de droite et de gauche, proclamÚrent roi son fils IyÀsu, comme porte l'usage des dispositions de la loi du rÚgne.
832:
The political history of Gondar after the assassination of Iyasu I is that of a fairly steady decline. The power of the monarchy was weakened by frequent coups d'etat: no fewer than twenty-five emperors were deposed in the century and a half between Iyasu I and
1029:
is a common term for civil administrator. During the 17th century
Gondarine era, the term was a common one for officials whose duties were to supervise the execution of daily affairs in the various departments of the royal court. All such chiefs were called
735:, who traveled to the Empire to treat Iyasu and one of his sons. Poncet arrived at Gondar 21 July 1699 and stayed until September 1700. Poncet published an account of his visit to Paris in 1704, which included his personal impression of Iyasu the Great:
608:
he attacked the ââShankella townââ of Gisa. He set fire to it, killed many of its inhabitants, and led away not a few slaves, besides numerous cattle. He proceeded to Gorsi, another ââShankella townââ, where he also captured many male and female slaves.
807:
Iyasu's death caused much distress in the capital, especially amongst the priests of Debre Berhan
Selassie, who openly displayed his gifts to them, and mourned their dead monarch for a month. Bruce writes that Iyasu was buried on
896:
shore. The cause of her death (either killed or succumbed to illness) in 1705 is disputed by the sources. It was however a turning point in Iyasu's life, and a precursor to events that led to his abdication and then murder.
384:
His reign is noteworthy for the attention he devoted to administration, holding a large number of councils to settle theological and ecclesiastical matters (the first in 1684, in the public square of
645:
children, are reported to have entered his camp singing and dancing with joy. This figure, if correct, was truly immense in view of the country's small population at the time.
725:
252:
939:, who later encouraged him to seize power from his father in 1706. Tekle Haymanot brief reign ended in the spring of 1708, when he was killed during a hunting expedition.
705:
Solomon
Getahun observes that "unlike his immediate predecessors, Iyasu's tenure was noted for endeavors to establish diplomatic ties with Christian monarchies like
2341:
732:
1687:
Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593-1646: Being Extracts from The History of High Ethiopia or Abassia by Manoel de Almeida Together with Bahrey's History of the Galla
954:, a mountain fortress where all the candidate heirs to the throne were kept. From that time on Dawit accompanied him. Dawit reigned from 1716 to 1721 as Emperor.
766:
against the Oromo. Iyasu learned that his favorite concubine, Kedeste Kristos was suffering from a terrible illness, he abandoned his campaign and returned to
215:
in 1706 and assassinated by the relatives of one of his concubines. A series of ineffectual emperors followed and imperial power declined until the advent of
500:ââtogether with his entire peopleââ had ââembraced the Christian religionââ, and married ââa certain princess from the dynasty of the Abyssinian emperors.ââ
470:
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ordered a prosecution of all those who participated in the conspiracy against Iyasu, his brother. On 13 October 1708, Malakotawit and her brothers (
358:
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alors de trouble ni de confusion dans la capitale ou dans le pays; mais la tranquillité, le calme et la paix régnÚrent parlout, comme auparavant.
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emperor in his fourth year (1685), Iyasu quickly suppressed this revolt, and captured Yeshaq, then waited a year before marching beyond southern
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attempted to levy a tax on Iyasu's goods that had landed at Massawa, he responded with a blockade of that island city until the Naib relented.
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402:. In November, Iyasu I summoned the chiefs of Tigray, and interrogated them on the taxes then exacted at the customs posts (also known as the
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informed Iyasu. The Emperor, after consulting his advisers, decided to proceed to Wollo. Before doing so, however, he sent his commander,
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in 1695, aligned themselves with Iyasu's government, in hope of securing succour from the monarch. In 1689, Iyasu's Armenian trade agent,
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took part in the coronation rituals by offering oil to the metropolitan and to invest the new emperor with the crown and royal vestments.
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literature. He also attempted to settle doctrinal differences within Ethiopia's Coptic Church, but without long-lasting success.
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such as the Gawe on the north bank of the Abbay as a bulwark against attacks by other hostile Oromos living south of the Abbay.
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In 1698, after reports of extortion suffered by merchants, Iyasu I reasserted his control over the growing lawlessness in the
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2011:
2001:
1951:
1941:
1871:
1722:
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2089:, 1949), pp. 130f. The translation is an anonymous work printed in 1709; glosses appearing in square brackets are by Foster.
395:; the first separate armed force with police functions. Its duties were to keep public order in the towns and on the roads.
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Iyasu's numerous offspring (including four of his sons who became emperors) were children of his concubines. One of them,
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Walatta Israel was Iyasu's third daughter, mother is unknown. Her son was Gerazmach Iyasu, the second husband of Empress
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950:. Iyasu seemed to have later favored his son Dawit and sometime between 1698-1699 had him leave the royal prison of
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439:. Having accepted the suzerainty of their northern monarch, Demetros was granted the old imperial title of
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862:. They had a son and a daughter. Walatta Seyon died in May 1693. She was Iyasu's only wife by marriage.
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1976:
The Ethiopian Borderlands: Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
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The Ethiopian Borderlands: Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
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The Ethiopian Borderlands: Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century
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was captured after a pitched battle in a narrow defile, and condemned by a tribunal of ecclesiastics.
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first found service in the Imperial court. In 1704, Iyasu I settled various Oromo groups who accepted
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On 15 July 1682, the ailing Emperor Yohannes I made Iyasu his successor. The dignitaries witnessing
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1437:
Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro; Yimam, Baye; Crummey, Donald; Goldenberg, Gideon, eds. (2003).
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Several ethnic groups suffering from persecution and raids in Oromo occupied territories, from the
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Iyasu I strengthen his control over his southern domains through his alliance with two influential
921:. The prince was Iyasu's initial heir and was given the namesake of his great-grandfather Emperor
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visiting Ethiopia and accompanied the emperor on all official travel. During the coronation, the
263:
After the death of his eldest brother Yostos in June 1676, Iyasu inherited the governorship over
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Illustration of Iyasu I from the book "Ethiopian chronicles of the XVII-XVIII centuries." (1929)
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was one of the main co-conspirators behind Iyasu's abdication and later assassination. Emperor
75:
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In 1684, Iyasu despatched scouts to areas under the control of Oromos. Scouts returning from
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267:. In 1677â1678, he accompanied his father on a military campaign against the region of
812:, where he was shown Iyasu's body interred amongst "the bodies of all his ancestors".
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against a rebellion in the Tulama country. The leader of the rebellion, a native of
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716:. One of the benefits of these efforts was that Emperor Iyasu received a bell from
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where he found her already dead. Stricken with grief, he retired to an island in
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was one of the highest official court titles. During the Gondarine era, the
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was his son by Qeddesta Krestos, Yohannes briefly assumed the throne in 1769.
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He advanced next to what the chronicle refers to as the âârebel countryââ of
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233:
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would briefly ascend the throne in the early 1830s, albeit as a figure head.
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786:, some of the officials argued, that he had abdicated, and crowned his son
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451:
2003:
A History of Ethiopia: Volume II (Routledge Revivals): Nubia and Abyssinia
1943:
A History of Ethiopia: Volume II (Routledge Revivals): Nubia and Abyssinia
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A History of Ethiopia: Volume II (Routledge Revivals): Nubia and Abyssinia
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2998:
2984:
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1739:
975:, Bakaffa succeeded his half brother Dawit and reigned from 1721 to 1730.
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834:
667:, where he was confronted with a civil war between two throne claimants.
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Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (1980). "The Imperial House of Ethiopia".
1034:, with some addition to this title to indicate their special function.
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36:
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660:. At the sound of the musket, the tribesmen were terrified and fled.
621:
601:
493:
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330:
318:
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Armenian Involvement in Ethiopian-Asian Trade 16th to 18th Centuries
663:
In 1704, emperor Iyasu I campaigned south of Abay in the kingdom of
640:, while still a prince years ago. The Kordidas were suffering under
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496:.ââ after suffering defeats and pressures by Oromos. The chief of
244:
1738:
Marcus, Harold G (1995). "The First Twenty-Two Years: 1844-1866".
978:
Yostos was Iyasu's seventh son, mother is unknown. His descendant
519:
In the second year of his reign, he confronted an invasion of the
361:
sent sealed letters to various countries to announce the death of
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2702:
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soldiers are first mentioned in 1689 when they served under king
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Walatta Selassie was Iyasu's second daughter, mother is unknown.
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In 1689, an embassy, led by an Armenian named Murad was sent to
2674:
767:
570:
444:
385:
204:
196:
from 19 July 1682 until his death in 1706, and a member of the
1887:
Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro; Yimam, Baye, eds. (2003).
1800:
Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro; Yimam, Baye, eds. (2003).
1773:
Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro; Yimam, Baye, eds. (2003).
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and Ethiopian delegates had been sent to foreign countries."
595:
2885:
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Wax & gold: tradition and innovation in Ethiopian culture
1288:
Wax & gold: tradition and innovation in Ethiopian culture
1084:
referred to half caste offsprings of highland Ethiopians (or
951:
888:; with whom he had five children. Qeddesta was a native from
447:
with pomp and circumstance receiving gifts from the Emperor.
342:
died on 19 July 1682 and Iyasu ascended the throne, with the
268:
1741:
The Life and Times of Menelik II : Ethiopia, 1844-1913
928:
Walatta Rufael was his daughter by his wife, Walatta Seyon.
678:
636:
In 1689, Iyasu delivered on the promise he had made to the
574:
436:
917:
Fasilades was Iyasu's firstborn son by his official wife,
534:
503:
Iyasu I also had a separate squadron of soldiers from the
2283:
Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro; Yimam, Baye (2010).
1860:
Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro; Yimam, Baye (2010).
1711:
Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro; Yimam, Baye (2010).
1569:
Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro; Yimam, Baye (2010).
1492:
Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro; Yimam, Baye (2010).
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was instrumental in collecting taxes in feudal Ethiopia.
1436:
1331:
3067:
During that time, the imperial title was claimed by
2254:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 24.
2124:. New York: Reference Publications. pp. 89â90.
1498:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 630â631.
1292:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 23.
492:
had ââsubmitted of his own free will to the rule of
377:
Stamp depicting Iyasu I and Gonder by modern artist
1068:is a customs post, checkpoint or toll station. The
819:became Emperor, he initiated Iyasu's canonization.
600:Iyasu carried out his first expedition against the
409:
365:, and that the reign of his son Iyasu I has begun.
2247:
2117:
1285:
731:This also led to the visit by a French physician,
391:In the late 17th century, Iyasu I established the
2220:(Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1982), pp. 142f
2168:Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro, eds. (2003).
2039:Translated in part by Richard K. P. Pankhurst in
1965:
1963:
1855:
1853:
1619:Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro, eds. (2003).
1335:Burke's royal families of the world : 2. vol
1199:Uhlig, Siegbert; Bausi, Alessandro, eds. (2003).
648:In 1692, the king undertook an expedition in the
3091:
2163:
2161:
1866:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 1179.
1614:
1612:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
3061:, Haile Selassie went into exile following the
2289:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 283.
2111:
2109:
2107:
2071:https://books.openedition.org/editionsmsh/11382
1886:
1859:
1799:
1772:
1717:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 460.
1710:
1575:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 165.
1568:
1491:
1194:
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1188:
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964:Yonathan was his third son by Qeddesta Krestos.
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26:
2098:ĐĐŻĐĄĐŁ I By Anon Container: www.pravenc.ru URL:
1960:
1850:
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900:Another concubine mentioned by the sources is
550:, to confront another nearby Oromo group, the
184:: áąá«á± á©; 1654 â 13 October 1706), throne name
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2276:
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2043:. Addis Ababa: Oxford University Press, 1967.
1704:
1609:
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782:In 1706, supported by the scheming concubine
2115:
2104:
1260:. Wiley. pp. 110â111, 113â116 and 119.
1175:
1744:. Lawrenceville: Red Sea Press. p. 8.
1680:
1539:AlÄf Sagad, Zenahu la negus negast (1955).
1407:AlÄf Sagad, Zenahu la negus negast (1955).
1402:
1400:
1241:
596:Expedition against Gisa, Gorsi and Wambarya
388:), matters of state, and to proclaim laws.
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2202:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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2028:The Oromo of Ethiopia: A History 1570-1860
1618:
1538:
1406:
1233:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1198:
1147:
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1127:is also called in various sources as Mamit
616:, which had defied three previous rulers,
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1969:
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219:in the middle of the nineteenth century.
2100:https://www.pravenc.ru/text/1237987.html
1893:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. p. 843.
1806:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. p. 715.
1443:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. p. 422.
1397:
845:
777:
753:
692:
450:It was during his reign that individual
372:
236:descent, Iyasu I was the son of Emperor
1979:. The Red Sea Press. pp. 357â360.
1836:. The Red Sea Press. pp. 333â334.
1779:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. p. 79.
1731:
1666:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1383:. The Red Sea Press. pp. 309â312.
1338:. London: Burke's Peerage. p. 46.
1140:
854:, a native from the northern region of
535:Campaign against the Wechales and Wollo
243:Iyasu's siblings were brothers Yostos,
3092:
2242:
1737:
1314:
1280:
1112:is also spelled in various sources as
925:. The prince died prematurely in 1700.
2345:
2000:Budge, E. A. Wallis (1 August 2014).
1999:
1940:Budge, E. A. Wallis (1 August 2014).
1939:
1690:. Taylor & Francis. p. 135.
1151:
762:In 1705, while he was campaigning in
573:in a punitive expedition against the
258:
16:Emperor of Ethiopia from 1682 to 1706
2056:(Trenton: Red Sea Press, 2005), p. 7
1542:Annales Iohannis I, IyÄsu I, BakÄffÄ
1410:Annales Iohannis I, IyÄsu I, BakÄffÄ
749:
688:
604:in 1688, when, advancing by way of
349:putting the crown on his head. The
13:
2083:The Red Sea and Adjacent Countries
1413:. Louvain L. Durbecq. p. 60.
1092:of the western lowlands. Units of
935:was Iyasu's son by his concubine;
14:
3156:
3115:18th-century emperors of Ethiopia
3110:17th-century emperors of Ethiopia
850:In September 1683, Iyasu married
631:
565:and Tabdan the Hermit proclaimed
211:Iyasu was deposed by his own son
188:(Ge'ez: á á”á«á á°áá”), also known as
2373:
410:Military campaigns and conflicts
3125:18th-century monarchs in Africa
3120:17th-century monarchs in Africa
2236:
2223:
2210:
2174:. Wiesbaden. pp. 690â691.
2120:Dictionary of African biography
2092:
2075:
2059:
2046:
2033:
2020:
1993:
1933:
1920:
1907:
1880:
1793:
1766:
1674:
1625:. Wiesbaden. pp. 379â380.
1562:
1532:
1485:
1205:. Wiesbaden. pp. 249â250.
1161:. Routledge. pp. 408â424.
1118:
1103:
1075:
1058:
1037:
1020:
884:Iyasu's favorite concubine was
652:valley, against the Dubani, or
3130:18th-century murdered monarchs
2171:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: He-N
2041:The Ethiopian Royal Chronicles
1890:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: D-Ha
1803:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: D-Ha
1776:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: D-Ha
1622:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: He-N
1430:
1274:
1202:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: He-N
1003:
911:
580:In 1688, he led a campaign in
577:who had supported the rebels.
203:Described as the last âgreatâ
1:
2286:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: O-X
2054:History of the City of Gondar
1863:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: O-X
1714:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: O-X
1572:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: O-X
1495:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: O-X
1440:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: A-C
1134:
443:while Negasi was honoured in
222:
57:19 July 1682 â13 October 1706
828:Consequences for the Kingdom
802:
726:Debre Berhan Selassie Church
724:, which was then donated to
514:
511:soldiers under his command.
414:
247:and Gelawdewos, and sisters
7:
3140:People murdered in Ethiopia
2534:Zara Yaqob (Kwestantinos I)
1153:Budge, Ernest Alfred Wallis
1013:which is 15th of July, see
462:language, and converted to
227:
10:
3161:
3063:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
2548:Eskender (Kwestantinos II)
2218:History of Ethiopian Towns
2116:Ofosu-Appiah, L.H (1977).
714:Batavia, Dutch East Indies
240:by his wife Sabla Wangel.
27:
3043:
2972:
2712:
2627:
2420:Yagbe'u Seyon (Salomon I)
2400:
2391:
2330:
2321:
2313:
2308:
1257:The Ethiopians: A History
840:
822:
165:
157:
147:
135:
126:
119:
115:
103:
95:
91:
81:
71:
61:
53:
46:
34:
23:
2216:Richard P.K. Pankhurst,
2081:William Foster, editor,
1100:on a military campaign.
996:
892:, a settlement near the
858:, located in modern day
744:
291:final proclamation were
3145:1706 murders in Africa
1545:. Louvain L. Durbecq.
904:the mother of Emperor
759:
733:Charles Jacques Poncet
702:
697:Iyasu's Palace in the
674:recounts how when the
381:
369:Administrative reforms
41:Iyasu I with his court
2244:Levine, Donald Nathan
1282:Levine, Donald Nathan
1017:for more information.
846:Spouse and concubines
778:Iyasu's assassination
757:
696:
458:culture, adopted the
376:
2380:Emperors of Ethiopia
1930:, vol. 3 pp. 456â460
527:, defeating them at
3072:Victor Emmanuel III
2324:Emperor of Ethiopia
2065:Richard Pankhurst,
1009:Source say 15th of
707:Louis XIV of France
194:Emperor of Ethiopia
48:Emperor of Ethiopia
2714:Era of the Princes
1971:Pankhurst, Richard
1828:Pankhurst, Richard
1682:Huntingford, G.W.B
1553:. pp. 60â61:
1375:Pankhurst, Richard
1252:Pankhurst, Richard
1015:Ethiopian calendar
760:
720:, governor of the
703:
584:, passing through
484:told the Dutch in
382:
259:Rise to the throne
3135:Solomonic dynasty
3087:
3086:
3079:Emperor-in-exile.
2992:Tekle Giyorgis II
2746:Tekle Haymanot II
2732:Tekle Haymanot II
2402:Solomonic dynasty
2340:
2339:
2331:Succeeded by
2296:978-3-447-06246-6
2233:, vol. 3 pp. 528f
2052:Solomon Getahun,
2026:Hassen Mohammed,
2013:978-1-317-64897-0
1953:978-1-317-64897-0
1917:, vol. 3 pp. 454f
1873:978-3-447-06246-6
1724:978-3-447-06246-6
1582:978-3-447-06246-6
1505:978-3-447-06246-6
881:) were executed.
815:Once his brother
750:Concubine's death
722:Dutch East Indies
718:Johannes Camphuys
656:, in present-day
488:that the king of
198:Solomonic dynasty
175:
174:
170:Orthodox Tewahedo
131:
130:
111:(aged 51â52)
3152:
3080:
3075:
3053:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2879:Baeda Maryam III
2874:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2844:Tekle Giyorgis I
2839:
2832:
2825:
2823:Tekle Giyorgis I
2818:
2811:
2804:
2802:Tekle Giyorgis I
2797:
2790:
2788:Tekle Giyorgis I
2783:
2776:
2774:Tekle Giyorgis I
2769:
2762:
2760:Tekle Giyorgis I
2755:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2661:Tekle Haymanot I
2656:
2649:
2642:
2629:Gondarine period
2620:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2422:
2415:
2378:
2377:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2343:
2342:
2334:Tekle Haymanot I
2314:Preceded by
2306:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2253:
2240:
2234:
2227:
2221:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2193:
2165:
2156:
2155:
2149:
2145:
2143:
2135:
2123:
2113:
2102:
2096:
2090:
2079:
2073:
2063:
2057:
2050:
2044:
2037:
2031:
2024:
2018:
2017:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1967:
1958:
1957:
1937:
1931:
1924:
1918:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1857:
1848:
1847:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1664:
1658:
1654:
1652:
1644:
1616:
1607:
1606:
1600:
1596:
1594:
1586:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1523:
1519:
1517:
1509:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1462:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1404:
1395:
1394:
1371:
1358:
1357:
1329:
1312:
1311:
1291:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1248:
1239:
1238:
1232:
1224:
1196:
1173:
1172:
1149:
1128:
1122:
1116:
1110:Qeddesta Krestos
1107:
1101:
1079:
1073:
1062:
1056:
1041:
1035:
1024:
1018:
1007:
948:Qeddesta Krestos
933:Tekle Haymanot I
886:Qeddesta Krestos
689:Foreign contacts
213:Tekle Haymanot I
142:House of Solomon
117:
116:
110:
86:Tekle Haymanot I
39:
30:
29:
21:
20:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3066:
3056:
3047:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2976:
2974:Modern Ethiopia
2968:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2795:Baeda Maryam II
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2666:
2659:
2654:Iyasu the Great
2652:
2645:
2638:
2631:
2623:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2567:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2497:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2429:: Senfa Ared IV
2425:
2418:
2411:
2404:
2396:
2387:
2372:
2370:
2336:
2327:
2319:
2304:
2297:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2262:
2241:
2237:
2228:
2224:
2215:
2211:
2195:
2194:
2182:
2166:
2159:
2147:
2146:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2114:
2105:
2097:
2093:
2087:Hakluyt Society
2080:
2076:
2064:
2060:
2051:
2047:
2038:
2034:
2025:
2021:
2014:
1998:
1994:
1987:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1938:
1934:
1925:
1921:
1912:
1908:
1901:
1885:
1881:
1874:
1858:
1851:
1844:
1825:
1821:
1814:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1771:
1767:
1752:
1736:
1732:
1725:
1709:
1705:
1698:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1656:
1655:
1646:
1645:
1633:
1617:
1610:
1598:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1567:
1563:
1537:
1533:
1521:
1520:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1490:
1486:
1474:
1473:
1464:
1463:
1451:
1435:
1431:
1405:
1398:
1391:
1372:
1361:
1346:
1330:
1315:
1300:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1249:
1242:
1226:
1225:
1213:
1197:
1176:
1169:
1150:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1131:
1123:
1119:
1114:Kedeste Krestos
1108:
1104:
1080:
1076:
1063:
1059:
1042:
1038:
1025:
1021:
1008:
1004:
999:
971:was the son of
946:was his son by
914:
848:
843:
830:
825:
805:
780:
752:
747:
691:
672:Royal Chronicle
634:
598:
537:
517:
476:in 1681 to the
417:
412:
400:Tigray province
371:
355:Hawarya Krestos
334:Fesseha Krestos
261:
230:
225:
190:Iyasu the Great
108:
107:13 October 1706
42:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3158:
3148:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3054:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3030:
3027:Haile Selassie
3023:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2980:
2978:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2861:
2854:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2826:
2819:
2812:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2763:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2720:
2718:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2643:
2635:
2633:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2593:
2586:
2579:
2572:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2544:
2541:Baeda Maryam I
2537:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2495:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2471:Newaya Krestos
2467:
2460:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2416:
2408:
2406:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2369:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2346:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2329:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2309:Regnal titles
2303:
2302:
2295:
2275:
2260:
2235:
2222:
2209:
2180:
2157:
2130:
2103:
2091:
2074:
2069:, p. 119-147,
2058:
2045:
2032:
2019:
2012:
1992:
1985:
1959:
1952:
1932:
1919:
1906:
1899:
1879:
1872:
1849:
1842:
1819:
1812:
1792:
1785:
1765:
1750:
1730:
1723:
1703:
1696:
1673:
1631:
1608:
1581:
1561:
1531:
1504:
1484:
1449:
1429:
1396:
1389:
1359:
1344:
1313:
1298:
1273:
1266:
1240:
1211:
1174:
1167:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1117:
1102:
1074:
1057:
1036:
1019:
1001:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
993:
986:
983:
976:
965:
962:
955:
940:
929:
926:
913:
910:
847:
844:
842:
839:
829:
826:
824:
821:
810:Mitraha Island
804:
801:
788:Tekle Haymanot
779:
776:
751:
748:
746:
743:
742:
741:
690:
687:
633:
632:King's promise
630:
597:
594:
541:Wollo Province
536:
533:
516:
513:
416:
413:
411:
408:
370:
367:
359:Walda Haymanot
351:Tsehafi Taezaz
347:Malkea Krestos
336:among others.
308:Lesana Krestos
260:
257:
229:
226:
224:
221:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
139:
133:
132:
129:
128:
124:
123:
113:
112:
105:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
65:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
44:
43:
40:
32:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3157:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3051:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3035:
3034:Amha Selassie
3031:
3028:
3024:
3021:
3017:
3014:
3010:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2939:
2936:
2932:
2929:
2925:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2914:Gebre Krestos
2911:
2908:
2904:
2901:
2900:Gebre Krestos
2897:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2883:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2862:
2859:
2855:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2834:
2831:
2827:
2824:
2820:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2796:
2792:
2789:
2785:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2743:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2704:
2700:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2644:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2605:
2601:
2598:
2594:
2591:
2587:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2573:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2555:Amda Seyon II
2552:
2549:
2545:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2478:Newaya Maryam
2475:
2472:
2468:
2465:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2367:
2362:
2360:
2355:
2353:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2318:
2312:
2307:
2298:
2292:
2288:
2287:
2279:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2252:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2232:
2226:
2219:
2213:
2205:
2199:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2181:9783447056076
2177:
2173:
2172:
2164:
2162:
2153:
2141:
2133:
2131:9780917256011
2127:
2122:
2121:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2101:
2095:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2055:
2049:
2042:
2036:
2029:
2023:
2015:
2009:
2006:. Routledge.
2005:
2004:
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938:
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927:
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919:Walatta Seyon
916:
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907:
903:
898:
895:
891:
887:
882:
880:
876:
872:
868:
863:
861:
857:
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852:Walatta Seyon
838:
836:
820:
818:
813:
811:
800:
798:
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789:
785:
775:
773:
769:
765:
756:
738:
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736:
734:
729:
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723:
719:
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710:
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695:
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680:
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661:
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629:
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623:
619:
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593:
591:
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583:
578:
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572:
568:
564:
560:
555:
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549:
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542:
532:
530:
526:
522:
512:
510:
507:and units of
506:
501:
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491:
487:
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479:
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472:
467:
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461:
457:
453:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
407:
405:
401:
396:
394:
389:
387:
380:
379:Afewerk Tekle
375:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
345:
341:
337:
335:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
315:Akala Krestos
313:
309:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
285:
282:
278:
272:
270:
266:
256:
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84:
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77:
74:
70:
66:
64:
60:
56:
52:
49:
45:
38:
33:
22:
19:
3069:Italian King
2963:Sahle Dengel
2956:Yohannes III
2949:Sahle Dengel
2942:Yohannes III
2935:Sahle Dengel
2928:Yohannes III
2921:Sahle Dengel
2907:Sahle Dengel
2858:Egwale Seyon
2653:
2590:Sarsa Dengel
2520:Sarwe Iyasus
2513:Takla Maryam
2464:Amda Seyon I
2413:Yekuno Amlak
2322:
2285:
2278:
2249:
2238:
2230:
2225:
2217:
2212:
2170:
2119:
2094:
2082:
2077:
2066:
2061:
2053:
2048:
2040:
2035:
2027:
2022:
2002:
1995:
1975:
1942:
1935:
1927:
1922:
1914:
1909:
1889:
1882:
1862:
1832:
1822:
1802:
1795:
1775:
1768:
1740:
1733:
1713:
1706:
1686:
1676:
1621:
1571:
1564:
1554:
1541:
1534:
1494:
1487:
1439:
1432:
1422:
1409:
1379:
1334:
1287:
1276:
1256:
1201:
1157:
1124:
1120:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1097:
1093:
1081:
1077:
1070:Kella system
1069:
1065:
1060:
1053:serag masare
1052:
1048:serag masare
1047:
1044:Serag masare
1043:
1039:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1010:
1005:
899:
883:
864:
849:
831:
814:
806:
781:
761:
730:
711:
704:
699:Fasil Ghebbi
671:
669:
662:
647:
635:
611:
599:
579:
556:
538:
529:Melka Shimfa
518:
502:
482:Khodja Murad
468:
464:Christianity
449:
418:
404:Kella system
397:
390:
383:
344:serag masare
343:
338:
327:Delba Iyasus
300:
286:
279:, a largely
273:
262:
242:
231:
210:
202:
189:
185:
177:
176:
161:Sabla Wangel
109:(1706-10-13)
67:19 July 1682
18:
3105:1706 deaths
3100:1654 births
2999:Yohannes IV
2985:Tewodros II
2977:(1855â1974)
2830:Salomon III
2809:Salomon III
2739:Susenyos II
2725:Yohannes II
2717:(1769â1855)
2632:(1632â1769)
2527:Amda Iyasus
2439:Qedma Asgad
2434:Hezba Asgad
2405:(1270â1632)
2394:Family tree
2148:|work=
1657:|work=
1599:|work=
1522:|work=
1475:|work=
1088:) with the
1086:Abyssinians
959:Yohannes II
937:Malakotawit
912:Descendants
867:Malakotawit
835:Tewodros II
784:Malakotawit
728:in Gondar.
650:Mareb river
521:Wollo Oromo
505:Beta Israel
312:blattengeta
217:Tewodros II
186:Adyam Sagad
127:Adyam Sagad
121:Regnal name
72:Predecessor
28:ááłáá áá áąá«á±
3094:Categories
3006:Menelik II
2753:Salomon II
2647:Yohannes I
2618:Susenyos I
2576:Gelawdewos
2492:Tewodros I
2457:Wedem Arad
2449:Saba Asgad
2328:1682â1706
2317:Yohannes I
2270:1036909730
2261:0226475638
1551:1244212657
1419:1244212657
1354:1015115240
1308:1036909730
1299:0226475638
1135:References
1125:Maryamawit
973:Maryamawit
902:Maryamawit
658:Gash Barka
626:Yohannes I
590:Debre Werq
559:Qegnazmach
548:Anestasyos
441:Sahafe Lam
423:warlords,
363:Yohannes I
340:Yohannes I
323:Anestasyos
289:Yohannes I
238:Yohannes I
223:Early life
152:Yohannes I
76:Yohannes I
63:Coronation
3059:1936â1941
3013:Lij Iyasu
2767:Iyasu III
2682:Dawit III
2640:Fasilides
2604:Za Dengel
2444:Jin Asgad
2198:cite book
2190:921905105
2150:ignored (
2140:cite book
2085:(London,
1659:ignored (
1649:cite book
1641:921905105
1601:ignored (
1591:cite book
1524:ignored (
1514:cite book
1477:ignored (
1467:cite book
1459:722894586
1229:cite book
1221:921905105
1090:Shankella
944:Dawit III
923:Fasilides
894:Lake Tana
890:Bahrkanta
803:Aftermath
772:Lake Tana
622:Fasilides
602:Shankella
515:Conflicts
494:Abyssinia
429:Merhabete
415:Alliances
331:fitawrari
319:dejazmach
249:Amlakawit
205:Gondarine
82:Successor
3057:Between
2893:Iyasu IV
2865:Iyoas II
2851:Demetros
2837:Demetros
2781:Hezqeyas
2696:Iyasu II
2668:Tewoflos
2569:Dawit II
2506:Andreyas
2499:Yeshaq I
2246:(1972).
1973:(1997).
1830:(1997).
1760:31754650
1684:(2017).
1377:(1997).
1284:(1972).
1254:(2001).
1155:(2014).
990:Mentewab
980:Iyasu IV
967:Emperor
957:Emperor
942:Emperor
931:Emperor
871:Tewoflos
856:Hamasien
817:Tewoflos
701:, Gondar
638:Kordidas
618:Susenyos
614:Wambarya
561:Wale of
552:Wechales
471:Kordidas
425:Demetros
293:Kanafero
277:Kordidas
245:Tewoflos
228:Ancestry
166:Religion
24:Iyasu I
3050:crowned
3020:Zewditu
2703:Iyoas I
2689:Bakaffa
2485:Dawit I
2231:Travels
2229:Bruce,
1928:Travels
1926:Bruce,
1915:Travels
1913:Bruce,
1098:Iyasu I
969:Bakaffa
906:Bakaffa
860:Eritrea
764:Ennarea
683:Massawa
676:Ottoman
665:Ennarea
606:Metekel
486:Batavia
478:Talatas
474:Amharas
460:Amharic
297:Za-Wald
178:Iyasu I
137:Dynasty
3048:Never
2675:Yostos
2293:
2268:
2258:
2188:
2178:
2128:
2030:, 1994
2010:
1983:
1950:
1897:
1870:
1840:
1810:
1783:
1758:
1748:
1721:
1694:
1639:
1629:
1579:
1549:
1502:
1457:
1447:
1417:
1387:
1352:
1342:
1306:
1296:
1264:
1219:
1209:
1165:
1094:Wellag
1082:Wellag
879:Pawlos
875:Dermen
841:Family
823:Legacy
797:Pawlos
793:Dermen
768:Gojjam
586:Woremo
571:Gojjam
567:Yeshaq
557:After
525:Amhara
509:Wellag
498:Hadiya
490:Hadiya
456:Amhara
445:Gondar
433:Negasi
421:Amhara
386:Gondar
329:, and
299:(both
281:Amhara
265:Semien
234:Amhara
192:, was
158:Mother
148:Father
2886:Gigar
2872:Gigar
2816:Yonas
2611:Yaqob
2597:Yaqob
2583:Menas
2562:Na'od
1066:Kella
1032:Azzaz
1027:Azzaz
1011:Hamle
997:Notes
952:Wehni
745:Death
642:Oromo
575:Agaws
563:Damot
523:into
452:Oromo
305:basha
301:Azzaz
269:Lasta
253:Eleni
182:Ge'ez
54:Reign
2427:Sons
2384:List
2291:ISBN
2266:OCLC
2256:ISBN
2204:link
2186:OCLC
2176:ISBN
2152:help
2126:ISBN
2008:ISBN
1981:ISBN
1948:ISBN
1895:ISBN
1868:ISBN
1838:ISBN
1808:ISBN
1781:ISBN
1756:OCLC
1746:ISBN
1719:ISBN
1692:ISBN
1668:link
1661:help
1637:OCLC
1627:ISBN
1603:help
1577:ISBN
1547:OCLC
1526:help
1500:ISBN
1479:help
1455:OCLC
1445:ISBN
1415:OCLC
1385:ISBN
1350:OCLC
1340:ISBN
1304:OCLC
1294:ISBN
1262:ISBN
1235:link
1217:OCLC
1207:ISBN
1163:ISBN
877:and
795:and
679:Naib
670:His
654:Nara
624:and
582:Dera
437:Menz
431:and
393:Lewa
357:and
325:and
295:and
251:and
104:Died
99:1654
96:Born
681:of
545:Ras
435:of
427:of
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321:'s
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180:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
