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used oil lamps to light stations, trains and signals. With an eye to the domestic market, Hinks' lamps were also decorative and borrowing from the designs of beautiful
European china and porcelain table decorations their lamps were also a byword for domestic beauty, so much so that there is still a flourishing market for antique Hinks' lamps. They also developed specialist lamps and hurricane lanterns for India which was one of their most lucrative markets. Hinks' lamps were state-of-the-art until the early 20th century when electric lighting became the norm.
66:, worked for his father from about the time he was 17 and by 1861 he was recorded as a manufacturer in the same terms as his father. By 1862 the business was called James Hinks and Son. A patent was granted to James Hinks in 1863 for "improvements in lamps", and there were subsequent design improvements. The Patent Duplex Lamp, marketed from about 1864, used two wicks instead of the usual one, and gave out twice the light. The great selling point of Hinks lamps was that they did not need frequent trimming or give off nasty smoke or smells.
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Nibbs, he was manufacturing an improved oil lamp from the
Crystal Lamp Works on the corner of Great Hampton Street and Hockley Street, Birmingham. The partnership with Nibbs was dissolved in July 1858, although the lamps appear to have continued to be marketed by James under the Nibbs and Hinks name until December 1858.
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James left home when he was 16 and tried his hand at a range of occupations, including wood turning and japanning, pub landlord, brush making, die sinking, medal making and cotton reel manufacture before turning his mind to perfecting the design of oil lamps. By 1858, in partnership with James Syson
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The company was first incorporated in 1873 (and re-incorporated in 1896). Newspaper reports suggest that James retired as
Managing Director and became Chairman in about 1897–98, when Joseph took over. The firm had bases in London and Birmingham. Important customers included railway companies, which
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James married
Elizabeth Benton (1816–1896) in Birmingham in 1839. They had six children, but three died in infancy; two daughters and a son, Joseph, survived. James retired in 1898 at the age of 83 and handed over the reins to Joseph.
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Baptisms (PR) England. St Philip. Birmingham, Warwickshire. 9 May 1856. HINKS, Rosa Jane. Birmingham, England, Church of
England Baptisms, 1813–1912. Ref: DRO 25; Archive Roll: M44. www.ancestry.co.uk : accessed 22 May
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Baptisms (PR) England. St
Philips, Birmingham, Warwickshire. 8 November 1844. HINKS, Rosa Maria. Birmingham, England, Church of England Baptisms, 1813–1912. www.ancestry.co.uk : accessed 22 May 2020.
115:, Birmingham. When he died his estate was valued at over £80,000 and his will made generous bequests to local hospitals, charities and his servants (as well as his family).
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Marriages Index (CR) England & Wales. Birmingham, Warwickshire. Q4 1839. HINKS, James and BENTON, Elizabeth. Vol: 16; p. 479. www.findmypast.co.uk: accessed 12 May 2020.
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Society for the
Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce. (1859). '218. Patent Petrolene, or Liquid Gas Lamps; Nibbs and Hinks, Hockley-hill, Birmingham.' p. 41.
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Baptisms (PR) England. Mancetter, Warwickshire. 22 September 1816. HINKS, James. Warwickshire
Baptisms. Ref: DR0130/6; p. 69. www.findmypast.co.uk: accessed 12 May 2020.
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Census 1861 England. Handsworth, Staffordshire. RG 9; Piece: 2019; Folio: 133; Page: 28; GSU roll: 542904. ED: 06. www.ancestry.co.uk: accessed 22 May 2020.
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Burials (PR) England. Key Hill
Cemetery, Birmingham, Warwickshire. 1905. HINKS, James. Warwickshire Burials www.findmypast.co.uk: accessed 12 May 2020.
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Deaths Index (CR) England & Wales. Kings Norton, Worcestershire. Q4 1905. HINKS, James. Vol: 6c; p. 241. www.findmypast.co.uk: accessed 12 May 2020.
50:, Warwickshire, the son of Jonathan Hinks, a wool comber. He was the younger brother of John Hinks, a well-known and successful steel pen manufacturer.
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Census 1841 England. Birmingham, Warwickshire. HO107; PN: 1147; BN: 4; FN: 11; p. 14. www.findmypast.co.uk: accessed 12 May 2020.
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Census 1851 England. Birmingham, Warwickshire. HO107; PN: 2059; FN: 138; p. 41. www.findmypast.co.uk: accessed 12 May 2020.
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90:. He was a well known "courser" (someone who races greyhounds); some of his dogs were very well known in their time.
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Mapping the
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350:"James Hinks and Son (Limited): Third Patent Duplex Extinguisher Lamp ".
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James had interests outside of business. For a time he was president of
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This article is about the lamp manufacturer. For the dog breeder, see
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38:, England, and the founder of the company James Hinks & Son.
479:"Death of Mr James Hinks. A well-known Birmingham resident".
324:"Midland Captains of Industry: XIII. Mr Joseph Hinks".
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46:James Hinks was born in about 1816 in
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523:"Mr James Hinks of The Cedars …".
208:"Patents sealed during the week".
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417:"James Hinks and Son (Limited)".
367:"James Hinks and Son, Limited".
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464:"Death of Mr James Hinks".
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542:Callcut, Vin (2002–2019).
141:"Partnerships dissolved".
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144:Aris's Birmingham Gazette
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449:"James Hinks and Son".
434:"James Hinks and Son".
400:"A new local company".
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582:"James Hinks and Son"
548:The Oldcopper Website
544:"James Hinks and Son"
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257:Shill, Ray (2002).
385:"Mr James Hinks".
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302:"The new light".
223:"The new light".
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283:"No. 22166"
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20:James Hinks
605:Categories
268:0750925930
210:Bury Times
119:References
88:Perry Barr
86:ground at
48:Atherstone
36:Birmingham
353:The Field
109:Edgbaston
32:oil lamp
592:7 June
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64:Joseph
54:Career
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103:Death
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555:2020
263:ISBN
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