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1552:, while at the same time rejecting attempts by the left to distance themselves from socialism. Slovo insisted on having a "justified confidence in the future of socialism and its inherent moral superiority", and pointing to "the failures of capitalism", although he now rejected the one-party state model.
1572:
destabilisation. However, Slovo specifically rejected any compromise on full majority rule, and any agreement that "constitutionally prevented permanently" a new government "from effectively intervening to advance the process of redressing the racially accumulated imbalances in all spheres of life".
1544:
At the time the SACP's orthodox pro-Soviet and two-stage view of change in South Africa – "national democratic revolution" first, socialism later – was dominant in the ANC-led liberation movement. Slovo's 1988 "The South
African Working Class and the National Democratic Revolution" defended the
1540:
Slovo was a leading theoretician in both the SACP and the ANC. In the 1970s he wrote the influential essay "South Africa: No Middle Road", which argued that the apartheid government would be unable to achieve stability, co-opt significant sections of the small but growing black middle class, or
1571:
by presenting the "sunset clauses" developed by the ANC/ SACP leadership: a coalition government for five years following democratic elections, guarantees for civil servants, including the homelands and armed forces, and an amnesty process. These were intended to head off right-wing coups and
1555:
In May 1990, after 27 years of exile, Slovo returned to the country to participate in the early "talks about talks" between the government and the ANC. Ailing, he stood down as SACP general secretary in 1991 and was given the titular position of SACP chairperson. Slovo was succeeded by
1545:
two-stage conception, insisting that "national democratic revolution" would "implement economic measures which go far beyond bourgeois-democracy" and so "erect a favourable framework for a socialist transformation but will not, in themselves, create, or necessarily lead to, socialism".
1650:, the largest union federation in South Africa, and an ally of the ANC and SACP, helps organise the annual Joe Slovo Memorial Lecture and normally issues a statement on the anniversary of his death. Slovo was widely admired across southern Africa, leading Zimbabwean magazine,
1301:. In 1990, he returned to South Africa, and took part in the negotiations that ended apartheid. He became known for proposing the "sunset clauses" covering the 5 years following a democratic election, including guarantees and concessions to all sides, and his fierce
1289:. He was imprisoned for six months in 1960, and emerged as a leader of uMkhonto we Sizwe the following year. He lived in exile from 1963 to 1990, conducting operations against the apartheid régime from the United Kingdom,
1637:
were named after Joe Slovo by their founders. Harrow Road in
Johannesburg and Field Street in Durban Central were renamed Joe Slovo Drive and Joe Slovo Street respectively. A newly constructed Residence building at
1384:, Slovo volunteered to fight in the war. He served as a Signaler in combat operations for the South African forces in North Africa and Italy, and on his return to South Africa he joined the
1654:
running a special issue on his death, and describing Slovo in an obituary as a "liberation war hero" and "African patriot" completely immersed in the struggle for black freedom.
271:
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2105:
2691:
2606:
2726:
1560:, who was assassinated two years later by a white right-winger. Slovo was a long-demonised figure in white South African society, widely misrepresented as a
1594:. His funeral was attended by the entire high command of the ANC, and by most of the highest officials in the country, including both Nelson Mandela and
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of 1956. Charges against him were dropped in 1958. He was later arrested for six months during the State of
Emergency declared after the
1662:
Joe Slovo appears as a character in two films for which his daughter Shawn Slovo wrote the screenplay. In the award-winning 1988 movie
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democratise: the only choice was between an insurrectionary overthrow of apartheid, centred on MK, or even greater repression.
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1493:(MK), the military wing of the ANC, formed in alliance between the ANC and the SACP. In 1963 he went into exile and lived in
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In 1989, he wrote "Has
Socialism Failed?" which acknowledged the weaknesses of the socialist movement and the excesses of
1521:, where the couple lived in exile. In 1984, Slovo, an ANC and SACP member, was forced to leave Mozambique in terms of the
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Slovo, Joe (1976). "South Africa – No Middle Road". In
Davidson, Basil; Slovo, Joe; Wilkinson, Anthony R. (eds.).
1602:, Soweto, which was unheard of for a white South African. 50,000 people, virtually all black, attended the event.
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2193:"COSATU statement on the commemoration of the 22nd Anniversary of the death of Cde Joe Slovo"
1881:
1831:
By Due
Process of Law: Racial Discrimination and the Right to Vote in South Africa, 1855–1960
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In 1950, the SACP was banned and both First and Slovo were listed as communists under the
8:
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1537:, Zambia, and in 1985, he became the first white member of the ANC's national executive.
1197:
2039:
1706:
1509:. In his capacity as chief of staff of MK he codetermined its activities, like the 1983
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colonel or
Russian secret agent, and attracted a great deal of press after his return.
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activist and the daughter of SACP treasurer Julius First. They had three daughters,
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1935:
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1471:
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1302:
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1065:
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1986:
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and left school in 1941 and found work as a dispatch clerk. He joined the
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1936:"The South African Working Class and the National Democratic Revolution"
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stance. After the elections of 1994, he became
Minister for Housing in
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930:
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491:
404:
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2400:
1646:, South Africa, has been named "Joe Slovo" in honour of the man. The
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organised by the ANC and Indian, Coloured and white organisations at
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72:
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After the elections of 1994, Slovo became
Minister for housing in
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In 1961, Slovo and Abongz Mbede emerged as two of the leaders of
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1764:
Cobbett, William (March 1995). "Obituary: Joe Slovo: Mensch".
270:
1882:"SAPA – 12 May 97 – TAMBO ORDERED CHURCH STREET BLAST: ANC"
1802:
Slovo: The
Unfinished Autobiography of ANC Leader Joe Slovo
2062:"South African divisions exposed by Israel-Hamas conflict"
1337:
when he was eight. His father worked as a truck driver in
1561:
1470:. He was arrested and detained for two months during the
1261:, was a South African politician, and an opponent of the
1395:
and was a student activist. He was in the same class as
1494:
1391:
Between 1946 and 1950 he completed a law degree at the
1257:(23 May 1926 – 6 January 1995), commonly known as
1629:. Shack settlements built on land occupations in both
1388:, a multiracial radical ex-servicemen's organization.
2337:
2277:
1529:
and apartheid South Africa. In 1984, he was elected
1672:). He is played by Malcolm Purkey in the 2006 film
1567:In 1992, Slovo secured a major breakthrough in the
1341:. Although his family were religious, he became an
1740:
1345:who retained respect for "the positive aspects of
1277:(ANC), and a commander of the ANC's military wing
2697:South African people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent
2163:"Invitation to the media to CHI Memorial Lecture"
1991:"Old Marxist Returns, With Hope for South Africa"
2692:South African military personnel of World War II
2583:
2228:– biographical sketch at the homepage of the ANC
1862:. Independent Online (South Africa). 1 June 2000
1269:, he was a long-time leader and theorist in the
189:, potentially preventing the article from being
2088:Southern African Political and Economic Monthly
1728:Joe Slovo, Anti-Apartheid Stalinist, Dies at 68
1652:Southern African Political and Economic Monthly
1444:could not be quoted or attend public gatherings
1800:Slovo, Joe, and Nelson Mandela (Contributor).
1281:(MK). Slovo was a delegate to the multiracial
19:For the informal settlement in Cape Town, see
2607:Jewish South African anti-apartheid activists
2323:
2086:"Editorial: Joe Slovo – An African Patriot".
1620:
1569:negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa
1235:
2727:White South African anti-apartheid activists
1921:Southern Africa: The Politics of Revolution
320:National Executive Committee member of the
60:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2330:
2316:
1668:, he is depicted as "Gus Roth" (played by
1590:'s government, until his death in 1995 of
1242:
1228:
269:
209:reliable, independent, third-party sources
2627:South African Communist Party politicians
2032:"Negotiations: What room for compromise?"
2019:. Little, Brown and Co. pp. 134–135.
2017:Every Secret Thing: My Family, My Country
1907:Every Secret Thing: My Family, My Country
1699:"Negotiations: What room for compromise?"
1446:in South Africa. He became active in the
1423:. Ruth First was assassinated in 1982 in
245:Learn how and when to remove this message
227:Learn how and when to remove this message
157:Learn how and when to remove this message
1604:
1480:
203:by replacing them with more appropriate
2737:Prisoners and detainees of South Africa
2014:
1763:
1361:, was involved in organising a strike.
1183:Music in the movement against apartheid
506: 1949; died 1982)
186:too closely associated with the subject
2712:University of the Witwatersrand alumni
2612:South African anti-apartheid activists
2584:
2134:
2081:
2079:
1985:
1860:"Ruth First: Williamson given amnesty"
1648:Congress of South African Trade Unions
1454:) and was a delegate to the June 1955
1355:National Union of Distributive Workers
93:Please improve this article by adding
2732:South African prisoners and detainees
2632:African National Congress politicians
2311:
1959:
1933:
1918:
1733:
2672:Lithuanian emigrants to South Africa
1909:. Little, Brown and Co. pp. 130–131.
1625:In 2004 Slovo was voted 47th in the
168:
66:
25:
2076:
1767:Review of African Political Economy
1657:
1450:(an ally of the ANC as part of the
1448:South African Congress of Democrats
658:Coloured vote constitutional crisis
283:Minister of Housing of South Africa
13:
2667:Jewish South African anti-Zionists
2647:Deaths from cancer in South Africa
295:April 1994 – January 1995
14:
2753:
2219:
2137:"Discover our Halls of Residence"
2029:
1753:from the original on 9 June 2022.
1321:Slovo was born on 23 May 1926 in
41:This article has multiple issues.
2652:Jewish South African politicians
2294:
2280:
1393:University of the Witswatersrand
1273:(SACP), a leading member of the
1211:
1210:
1173:Internal resistance to apartheid
628:
586:Internal resistance to apartheid
184:may rely excessively on sources
173:
71:
30:
2185:
2155:
2128:
2098:
2054:
2023:
2008:
1979:
1953:
1927:
1912:
1527:People's Republic of Mozambique
1285:of June 1955 which drew up the
683:Church Street, Pretoria bombing
523:
503:
49:or discuss these issues on the
1899:
1874:
1852:
1823:
1794:
1757:
1721:
1691:
1:
2702:South African revolutionaries
2260:South African Communist Party
2036:South African Communist Party
1966:South African Communist Party
1940:South African Communist Party
1684:
1366:South African Communist Party
1333:family that emigrated to the
1271:South African Communist Party
475:South African Communist Party
340:South African Communist Party
95:secondary or tertiary sources
1627:Top 100 Great South Africans
1575:Slovo was a harsh critic of
1517:was assassinated in Maputo,
1440:Suppression of Communism Act
1148:Apartheid in popular culture
7:
2742:UMkhonto we Sizwe personnel
2717:People acquitted of treason
1407:, another prominent Jewish
718:Saint James Church massacre
713:Assassination of Chris Hani
10:
2758:
1621:Civic and similar tributes
1609:The grave of Joe Slovo in
1309:'s government. He died of
723:1994 Bophuthatswana crisis
18:
2421:Geraldine Fraser-Moleketi
2383:
2362:
2346:
2266:
2258:General Secretary of the
2256:
2248:
2243:
1833:. Hart Publishing, 1999.
1780:10.1080/03056249508704103
1513:. In 1982, Slovo's wife,
1368:in 1942. Inspired by the
1349:". Slovo was educated at
1275:African National Congress
971:Winnie Madikizela-Mandela
603:
577:
567:
553:
548:African National Congress
539:
534:
480:
471:African National Congress
466:
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419:
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338:General Secretary of the
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322:African National Congress
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261:
2707:South African socialists
2637:South African communists
2244:Party political offices
1579:, which he viewed as an
1158:Cape Qualified Franchise
598:South African Border War
16:South African politician
2687:South African activists
2015:Gillian, Slovo (1997).
1962:"Has Socialism Failed?"
1730:, NY Times, 1995-01-07.
1598:, and he was buried in
1372:'s battles against the
1316:
1188:Nostalgia for apartheid
2722:South African atheists
2642:South African Marxists
2094:(5): 3. February 1995.
1617:
1486:
1456:Congress of the People
1351:King Edward VII School
1283:Congress of the People
1163:Disinvestment campaign
888:State Security Council
82:relies excessively on
2602:20th-century atheists
2496:Sankie Mthembi-Nkondo
2339:First Mandela Cabinet
1804:. Ocean Press, 1997.
1742:"OBITUARY: Joe Slovo"
1608:
1511:Church Street bombing
1485:Plaque in Camden Town
1484:
1403:. In 1949 he married
1335:Union of South Africa
1153:Apartheid legislation
1143:Afrikaner nationalism
703:Cape Town peace march
693:Trojan Horse Incident
653:1948 general election
568:Years of service
544:Union of South Africa
2491:Mohammed Valli Moosa
2476:Membathisi Mdladlana
2406:Mangosuthu Buthelezi
2135:University, Rhodes.
1525:between the Marxist
1476:Sharpeville massacre
1433:South African Police
1051:Eugène Terre'Blanche
921:Mangosuthu Buthelezi
728:Shell House massacre
698:Khotso House bombing
668:Sharpeville massacre
21:Joe Slovo, Cape Town
2617:People from Obeliai
2288:South Africa portal
1989:(17 October 1990).
1960:Slovo, Joe (1989).
1934:Slovo, Joe (1988).
1466:, that drew up the
1255:Yossel Mashel Slovo
1198:Sullivan Principles
424:Yossel Mashel Slovo
2203:on 25 January 2018
2173:on 26 January 2018
2143:on 24 January 2018
1995:The New York Times
1886:www.justice.gov.za
1749:. 7 January 1995.
1618:
1487:
783:Conservative Party
663:1956 Treason Trial
590:Rhodesian Bush War
558:South African Army
2662:Jewish communists
2579:
2578:
2526:Kraai van Niekerk
2411:Dawie de Villiers
2363:Deputy Presidents
2276:
2275:
2267:Succeeded by
2232:Joe Slovo Archive
2197:www.cosatu.org.za
2167:www.cosatu.org.za
2110:www.durban.gov.za
2064:. 7 November 2023
1847:978-1-84113-049-1
1818:978-1-875284-95-5
1640:Rhodes University
1531:general secretary
1491:uMkhonto we Sizwe
1452:Congress Alliance
1431:, a major in the
1364:Slovo joined the
1279:uMkhonto we Sizwe
1252:
1251:
1109:South-West Africa
607:
606:
594:Angolan Civil War
562:uMkhonto we Sizwe
371:uMkhonto we Sizwe
255:
254:
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167:
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159:
141:
64:
2749:
2471:Patrick McKenzie
2441:Chris Liebenberg
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2249:Preceded by
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2213:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2199:. Archived from
2189:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2169:. Archived from
2159:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2139:. Archived from
2132:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2112:. Archived from
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2096:
2095:
2083:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2058:
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2051:
2049:
2047:
2038:. Archived from
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2021:
2020:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1916:
1910:
1905:Slovo, Gillian.
1903:
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1850:
1827:
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1761:
1755:
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1744:
1737:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1705:. Archived from
1695:
1658:Cinema and music
1429:Craig Williamson
1386:Springbok Legion
1267:Marxist-Leninist
1244:
1237:
1230:
1214:
1213:
1011:Albertina Sisulu
1006:Benjamin Moloise
941:Arthur Goldreich
632:
609:
608:
582:Second World War
535:Military service
527:
525:
507:
505:
453:
433:
431:
415:Personal details
401:
389:
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350:
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56:
34:
33:
26:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2677:Marxist writers
2657:Jewish atheists
2622:Lithuanian Jews
2582:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2506:Sydney Mufamadi
2379:
2358:
2342:
2336:
2300:
2295:
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2222:
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2176:
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2160:
2156:
2146:
2144:
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2129:
2119:
2117:
2116:on 6 April 2018
2104:
2103:
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2067:
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2059:
2055:
2045:
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2028:
2024:
2013:
2009:
1999:
1997:
1984:
1980:
1970:
1968:
1958:
1954:
1944:
1942:
1932:
1928:
1917:
1913:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1888:
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1858:
1857:
1853:
1829:Loveland, Ian.
1828:
1824:
1799:
1795:
1762:
1758:
1747:The Independent
1739:
1738:
1734:
1726:
1722:
1712:
1710:
1703:www.sacp.org.za
1697:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1681:
1660:
1623:
1611:Avalon Cemetery
1600:Avalon Cemetery
1581:apartheid state
1533:of the SACP in
1468:Freedom Charter
1319:
1287:Freedom Charter
1248:
1203:
1202:
1178:Kairos Document
1168:Freedom Charter
1138:
1130:
1129:
1113:
1084:
1076:
1075:
906:Vernon Berrangé
901:
893:
892:
853:Security Branch
743:
733:
732:
678:Soweto uprising
648:
647:
596:
592:
588:
584:
572:
560:
546:
530:
529:
526: 1987)
521:
517:
509:
501:
497:
494:
473:
467:Political party
455:
451:
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741:Organisations
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688:Vaal uprising
686:
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673:Rivonia Trial
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182:This article
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139:
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111:
108: –
107:
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102:Find sources:
96:
90:
89:
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80:This article
78:
74:
69:
68:
63:
61:
54:
53:
48:
47:
42:
37:
28:
27:
22:
2682:Slovo family
2566:Abe Williams
2555:
2511:Sipo Mzimela
2466:Tito Mboweni
2431:Pallo Jordan
2257:
2236:marxists.org
2205:. Retrieved
2201:the original
2196:
2187:
2175:. Retrieved
2171:the original
2166:
2157:
2145:. Retrieved
2141:the original
2130:
2118:. Retrieved
2114:the original
2109:
2100:
2091:
2087:
2066:. Retrieved
2056:
2044:. Retrieved
2040:the original
2035:
2030:Slovo, Joe.
2025:
2016:
2010:
1998:. Retrieved
1994:
1981:
1969:. Retrieved
1965:
1955:
1943:. Retrieved
1939:
1929:
1920:
1914:
1906:
1901:
1889:. Retrieved
1885:
1876:
1864:. Retrieved
1854:
1830:
1825:
1801:
1796:
1771:
1765:
1759:
1746:
1735:
1723:
1711:. Retrieved
1707:the original
1702:
1693:
1680:
1675:Catch A Fire
1673:
1663:
1661:
1651:
1624:
1585:
1574:
1566:
1554:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1488:
1464:Johannesburg
1437:
1390:
1382:World War II
1363:
1359:shop steward
1339:Johannesburg
1320:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1094:District Six
1056:Desmond Tutu
1046:Oliver Tambo
1036:Helen Suzman
1025:
936:Bram Fischer
578:Battles/wars
516:Helena Dolny
461:South Africa
457:Johannesburg
452:(1995-01-06)
400:Succeeded by
381:Oliver Tambo
358:Succeeded by
347:
290:
256:
241:
223:
217:January 2018
214:
199:Please help
183:
153:
147:January 2018
144:
134:
127:
120:
113:
101:
81:
57:
50:
44:
43:Please help
40:
2597:1995 deaths
2592:1926 births
2541:Jeff Radebe
2536:Dullah Omar
2521:Ben Ngubane
2481:Roelf Meyer
2461:John Mavuso
2451:Mac Maharaj
2391:Kader Asmal
2375:Thabo Mbeki
2341:(1994–1996)
2106:"Joe Slovo"
1644:Grahamstown
1596:Thabo Mbeki
996:Thabo Mbeki
991:Govan Mbeki
981:D. F. Malan
976:Mac Maharaj
911:P. W. Botha
838:Broederbond
434:23 May 1926
388:Preceded by
311:Preceded by
106:"Joe Slovo"
2586:Categories
2531:Alfred Nzo
2516:Jay Naidoo
2486:Joe Modise
2436:Derek Keys
2416:Alec Erwin
2270:Chris Hani
2264:1984–1991
2207:25 January
2177:25 January
2147:25 January
2046:25 January
1971:25 January
1945:25 January
1891:25 January
1713:25 January
1685:References
1558:Chris Hani
1519:Mozambique
1515:Ruth First
1503:Mozambique
1405:Ruth First
1357:and, as a
1295:Mozambique
1265:system. A
1104:Sophiatown
1071:Jacob Zuma
956:Joel Joffe
946:Chris Hani
931:Ruth First
916:Steve Biko
773:Black Sash
540:Allegiance
492:Ruth First
430:1926-05-23
405:Chris Hani
363:Chris Hani
201:improve it
191:verifiable
117:newspapers
84:references
46:improve it
2556:Joe Slovo
2401:Pik Botha
2384:Ministers
2347:President
2226:Joe Slovo
2000:6 January
1849:. p. 252.
1635:Cape Town
1550:Stalinism
1478:in 1960.
1327:Lithuania
1313:in 1995.
1263:apartheid
1259:Joe Slovo
1125:Vlakplaas
1089:Bantustan
1026:Joe Slovo
622:Apartheid
573:1963–1990
571:1941–1945
441:Lithuania
377:President
352:1984–1991
348:In office
328:President
300:President
291:In office
263:Joe Slovo
205:citations
52:talk page
1820:. p. 45.
1751:Archived
1460:Kliptown
1370:Red Army
1216:Category
1120:Sun City
614:a series
612:Part of
315:New post
2120:6 April
1866:8 April
1788:4006277
1495:Britain
1417:Gillian
1376:on the
1343:atheist
1329:, to a
1323:Obeliai
528:
520:
508:
500:
496:
481:Spouses
437:Obeliai
195:neutral
131:scholar
2068:5 June
1845:
1837:
1816:
1808:
1786:
1631:Durban
1615:Soweto
1592:cancer
1577:Israel
1535:Lusaka
1507:Zambia
1499:Angola
1425:Maputo
1331:Jewish
1311:cancer
1299:Zambia
1297:, and
1291:Angola
1115:Soweto
1083:Places
900:People
848:COSATU
798:FOSATU
708:CODESA
643:Events
133:
126:
119:
112:
104:
1784:JSTOR
1462:near
1421:Robyn
1413:Shawn
1374:Nazis
522:(
518:
502:(
498:
138:JSTOR
124:books
2209:2018
2179:2018
2149:2018
2122:2018
2070:2024
2048:2018
2002:2024
1973:2018
1947:2018
1893:2018
1868:2009
1843:ISBN
1835:ISBN
1814:ISBN
1806:ISBN
1715:2018
1633:and
1505:and
1442:and
1419:and
1399:and
1317:Life
883:SACP
873:SAMA
868:SAIC
863:SADF
858:SACC
753:APLA
447:Died
420:Born
193:and
110:news
2234:at
1776:doi
1642:in
1562:KGB
1380:of
878:SAP
833:UDF
828:PAC
818:HNP
813:PFP
793:ECC
778:CCB
768:BBB
763:AWB
758:IFP
748:ANC
207:to
86:to
2588::
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