Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

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sublimely noble countenance. The mighty brow seemed yet to harbour thoughts. I wished for a lock of his hair; but reverence prevented me from cutting it off. The body lay naked, only wrapped in a white sheet; large pieces of ice had been placed near it, to keep it fresh as long as possible. Frederick drew aside the sheet, and I was astonished at the divine magnificence of the limbs. The breast was powerful, broad, and arched; the arms and thighs were elegant, and of the most perfect shape; nowhere, on the whole body, was there a trace of either fat or of leanness and decay. A perfect man lay in great beauty before me; and the rapture the sight caused me made me forget for a moment that the immortal spirit had left such an abode. I laid my hand on his heart – there was a deep silence – and I turned away to give free vent to my suppressed tears.

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dignified figure, commanding respect, and his spiritual mien seemed to impress even them.' But it was not to last long. Late at night they burst into his bedroom with drawn bayonets. Goethe was petrified, Christiane raised a lot of noise and even tangled with them, other people who had taken refuge in Goethe's house rushed in, and so the marauders eventually withdrew again. It was Christiane who commanded and organized the defense of the house on the Frauenplan. The barricading of the kitchen and the cellar against the wild pillaging soldiery was her work. Goethe noted in his diary: "Fires, rapine, a frightful night... Preservation of the house through steadfastness and luck." The luck was Goethe's, the steadfastness was displayed by Christiane.

847:(1657–1730) moved from Thuringia in 1687 and changed the spelling of his surname (from Göthe to Goethe). In Frankfurt, he first worked as a tailor, then opened a tavern. His son and grandchildren subsequently lived on the fortune he earned. Friedrich Georg Goethe was married twice, his first marriage was to Anna Elisabeth Lutz (1667–1700), the daughter of a burgher Sebastian Lutz (died 1701), with whom he had five children, including Hermann Jakob Goethe (1697–1761), after the death of his first wife in 1705 he married Cornelia Schellhorn, née Walther (1668–1754), widow of the innkeeper Johannes Schellhorn (died 1704), with whom he had four more children, including Johann Caspar Goethe, father of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. 1288: 2672: 2571:, himself a geologist and mining engineer, expressed the opinion that Goethe was the first physicist of his time and "epoch-making in the history of physics", writing that Goethe's studies of light, of the metamorphosis of plants and of insects were indications and proofs "that the perfect educational lecture belongs in the artist's sphere of work"; and that Goethe would be surpassed "but only in the way in which the ancients can be surpassed, in inner content and force, in variety and depth—as an artist actually not, or only very little, for his rightness and intensity are perhaps already more exemplary than it would seem". 1883: 1312: 2953: 2778: 2623: 1300: 50: 2351: 3702: 1628: 1585:"Musical prodigies ... are probably no longer so rare; but what this little man can do in extemporizing and playing at sight borders the miraculous, and I could not have believed it possible at so early an age." "And yet you heard Mozart in his seventh year at Frankfurt?" said Zelter. "Yes", answered Goethe, "... but what your pupil already accomplishes, bears the same relation to the Mozart of that time that the cultivated talk of a grown-up person bears to the prattle of a child." 3076: 2112:, published in 1774, recounts an unhappy romantic infatuation that ends in suicide. Goethe admitted that he "shot his hero to save himself", a reference to Goethe's near-suicidal obsession for a young woman, a passion he quelled through writing. The novel remains in print in dozens of languages and its influence is undeniable; its central hero, an obsessive figure driven to despair and destruction by his unrequited love for the young Lotte, has become a pervasive literary 2470: 14516: 11771: 10537: 7457: 3033:(1813), presented German Classicism and Romanticism as a potential source of spiritual authority for Europe, and identified Goethe as a living classic. She praised Goethe as possessing "the chief characteristics of the German genius" and uniting "all that distinguishes the German mind." Staël's portrayal helped elevate Goethe over his more famous German contemporaries and transformed him into a European cultural hero. Goethe met with her and her partner 2942: 14530: 426: 2413:(1780) had (using different methods) identified several years earlier. While not the only one in his time to question the prevailing view that this bone did not exist in humans, Goethe, who believed ancient anatomists had known about this bone, was the first to prove its existence in all mammals. The elephant's skull that led Goethe to this discovery, and was subsequently named the Goethean Elephant, still exists and is displayed in the 752: 1543: 3471: 3144: 7391: 1507: 1411: 3021:, which Napoleon had read seven times and ranked among his favorites. Goethe came away from the meeting deeply impressed with Napoleon's enlightened intellect and his efforts to build an alternative to the corrupt old regime. Goethe always spoke of Napoleon with the greatest respect, confessing that "nothing higher and more pleasing could have happened to me in all my life" than to have met Napoleon in person. 3139:

considering every animal physiologically perfect. Viewed from within, no part of the animal is a useless or arbitrary product of the formative impulse (as so often thought). Externally, some parts may seem useless because the inner coherence of the animal nature has given them this form without regard to outer circumstance. Thus... the question, What are they for? but rather, Where do they come from?

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and to which I owe a great part of my own culture? In any case this business of hatred between nations is a curious thing. You will always find it more powerful and barbarous on the lowest levels of civilization. But there exists a level at which it wholly disappears, and where one stands, so to speak, above the nations, and feels the weal or woe of a neighboring people as though it were one's own.

7171: 953:. ... If an ever active imagination, of which that tale may bear witness, led me hither and thither, if the medley of fable and history, mythology and religion, threatened to bewilder me, I readily fled to those oriental regions, and plunged into the first books of Moses, and there, amid the scattered shepherd tribes, found myself at once in the greatest solitude and the greatest society. 3485: 3172:, whose work he translated and studied. Both Diderot and Goethe exhibited a repugnance towards the mathematical interpretation of nature; both perceived the universe as dynamic and in constant flux; both saw "art and science as compatible disciplines linked by common imaginative processes"; and both grasped "the unconscious impulses underlying mental creation in all forms." Goethe's 1191: 3499: 990: 2530:

systematically study the physiological effects of colour, and his observations on the effect of opposed colours led him to a symmetric arrangement of his colour wheel, "for the colours diametrically opposed to each other ... are those which reciprocally evoke each other in the eye." In this, he anticipated

1503:(1818–1885), Wolfgang, Freiherr von Goethe (1820–1883) and Alma von Goethe (1827–1844). Christiane von Goethe died in 1816. Johann reflected, "There is nothing more charming to see than a mother with her child in her arms, and there is nothing more venerable than a mother among a number of her children." 2639:

who believed that one could be inwardly Christian without following any of the Christian churches, many of whose central teachings he firmly opposed, sharply distinguishing between Christ and the tenets of Christian theology, and criticizing its history as a "hodgepodge of mistakes and violence". His

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Leiprecht, Rudolf (2005), Schule in der Einwanderungsgesellschaft: ein Handbuch, Wochenschau Verlag, p. 29, ISBN 9783879202744, "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , einen fremdländischen Vorfahren : Er soll von dem türkischen Offizier Sadok Seli Zoltan abstammen , den Graf Reinhart von Württemberg im

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and colour theory. In the 1790s, he undertook Galvanic experiments and studied anatomical issues together with Alexander von Humboldt. He also had the largest private collection of minerals in all of Europe. By the time of his death, in order to gain a comprehensive view in geology, he had collected

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of many figures in the 19th century. Later, a facet of its plot, i.e., of selling one's soul to the devil for power over the physical world, took on increasing literary importance and became a view of the victory of technology and of industrialism, along with its dubious human expenses. In 1919, the

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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's father had an older half-brother, Hermann Jakob Goethe (1697–1761) from his grandfather Friedrich Georg Goethe's first marriage. In 1722, he married Susanna Elisabeth Hoppe (1704–1778), with whom he had seven children, among whom was a daughter Cornelia, who later became

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The 'spoon guards' had broken in, they had drunk wine, made a great uproar and called for the master of the house. Goethe's secretary Riemer reports: 'Although already undressed and wearing only his wide nightgown... he descended the stairs towards them and inquired what they wanted from him.... His

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As head of the Saxe-Weimar War Commission, Goethe participated in the recruitment of mercenaries into the Prussian and British military during the American Revolution. The author Daniel Wilson claims that Goethe engaged in negotiating the forced sale of vagabonds, criminals, and political dissidents

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Back in Frankfurt, Goethe became severely ill. During the year and a half that followed, marked by several relapses, relations with his father worsened. During convalescence, Goethe was nursed by his mother and sister. In April 1770, Goethe left Frankfurt in order to finish his studies, this time at

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is an "aberration" that easily leads to "animal, roughly material" behavior. He continued, "Pederasty is as old as humanity itself, and one can therefore say, that it resides in nature, even if it proceeds against nature....What culture has won from nature will not be surrendered or given up at any

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Aside from his official duties, Goethe was also a friend and confidant to Duke Karl August and participated in the activities of the court. For Goethe, his first ten years at Weimar could well be described as a garnering of a degree and range of experiences which perhaps could have been achieved in

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Engelmann, Bernt (1991), Du deutsch?: Geschichte der Ausländer in Deutschland, Steidl, p. 59, ISBN 9783882431858, "...die er taufen ließ und zur Ehefrau nahm , und fast jeder der heimkehrenden Barone und Grafen hatte Kriegsgefangene in seinem Gefolge...Der deutsche Dichterfürst mit orientalischen

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How could I write songs of hatred when I felt no hate? And, between ourselves, I never hated the French, although I thanked God when we were rid of them. How could I, to whom the only significant things are civilization and barbarism, hate a nation which is among the most cultivated in the world,

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Meier-Braun, Karl-Heinz (2017), Die 101 wichtigsten Fragen: Einwanderung und Asyl, C.H. Beck, "Dass Johann Wolfgang von Goethe türkische Vorfahren hatte, war bekannt. Dass diese Wurzeln jedoch nach Baden-Württemberg zurückreichen, weniger. Das hat jedenfalls der Brackenheimer Dekan Werner-Ulrich

1615:) was granted an audience with Goethe in 1824 in Weimar. Heine had been a great admirer of Goethe's in his early youth, sending him some of his earlier works with praising cover notes. The meeting is said to be of a strikingly unsuccessful nature, with Heine completely omitting the meeting in the 3124:

Goethe's influence was dramatic because he understood that there was a transition in European sensibilities, an increasing focus on sense, the indescribable, and the emotional. This is not to say that he was emotionalistic or excessive; on the contrary, he lauded personal restraint and felt that

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region who, in his understanding, sought to reverence, as being close to the Godhead, what came to their knowledge of the best and most perfect. Goethe's unorthodox religious beliefs led him to be called "the great heathen" and provoked distrust among the authorities of his time, who opposed the

1754:

The morning after Goethe's death, a deep desire seized me to look once again upon his earthly garment. His faithful servant, Frederick, opened for me the chamber in which he was laid out. Stretched upon his back, he reposed as if asleep; profound peace and security reigned in the features of his

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Days afterward, on 19 October 1806, Goethe legitimized their 18-year relationship by marrying Christiane in a quiet marriage service at the Jakobskirche in Weimar. They had already had several children together by this time, including their son, Julius August Walter von Goethe (1789–1830), whose

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Goethe showed interest in other religions, including Islam, although Karic suggests that attempts to claim Goethe for any religion "is a pointless, Sysiphean task". At age 23, Goethe wrote a poem about a river, originally part of a dramatic dialogue, which he published as a separate work called

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The ever-changing display of plant forms, which I have followed for so many years, awakens increasingly within me the notion: The plant forms which surround us were not all created at some given point in time and then locked into the given form, they have been given... a felicitous mobility and

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in his autobiography. He said he "turned reality into poetry but his friends thought poetry should be turned into reality and the poem imitated". He was against this reading of poetry. Epistolary novels were common during this time, letter-writing being a primary mode of communication. What set

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We conceive of the individual animal as a small world, existing for its own sake, by its own means. Every creature is its own reason to be. All its parts have a direct effect on one another, a relationship to one another, thereby constantly renewing the circle of life; thus we are justified in

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of a wide variety of colour phenomena. Although the accuracy of Goethe's observations does not admit a great deal of criticism, his aesthetic approach did not lend itself to the demands of analytic and mathematical analysis used ubiquitously in modern Science. Goethe was, however, the first to

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during the outbreak in Vienna, at age 16. Walther and Wolfgang neither married nor had any children. Walther's gravestone states: "With him ends Goethe's dynasty, the name will last forever," marking the end of Goethe's personal bloodline. While he has no direct descendants, his siblings do.

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Maier, Ulrich (2002), Fremd bin ich eingezogen: Zuwanderung und Auswanderung in Baden-Württemberg, Bleicher Verlag, p. 27, "Gedachter Johann Soldan heiratete Rebekka Dohlerin... Kein Geringerer als Johann Wolfgang von Goethe zählt diesen ehemaligen türkischen Beamten und Offizier zu seinen

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He also journeyed to Sicily during this time, and wrote that "To have seen Italy without having seen Sicily is to not have seen Italy at all, for Sicily is the clue to everything." While in Southern Italy and Sicily, Goethe encountered, for the first time genuine Greek (as opposed to Roman)

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In a letter written to Leopold Casper in 1932, Einstein wrote that he admired Goethe as 'a poet without peer, and as one of the smartest and wisest men of all time'. He goes on to say, 'even his scholarly ideas deserve to be held in high esteem, and his faults are those of any great man'.

2458:. According to Hegel, "Goethe has occupied himself a good deal with meteorology; barometer readings interested him particularly... What he says is important: the main thing is that he gives a comparative table of barometric readings during the whole month of December 1822, at Weimar, 1781:

Goethe had five children with Christiane Vulpius. Only their eldest son, August, survived into adulthood. One child was stillborn, while the others died early. Through his son August and daughter-in-law Ottilie, Johann had three grandchildren: Walther, Wolfgang and Alma. Alma died of

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progressively more humane, his inexperience led him to proceed too vigorously in his first cases, for which he was reprimanded and lost further clientele. Within a few months, this put an early end to his law career. Around this time, Goethe became acquainted with the court of

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period of architecture; on the other, seeking a personal, intuitive, and personalized form of expression and society, firmly supporting the idea of self-regulating and organic systems. George Henry Lewes celebrated Goethe's revolutionary understanding of the organism.

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Goethe's book apart from other such novels was its expression of unbridled longing for a joy beyond possibility, its sense of defiant rebellion against authority, and of principal importance, its total subjectivity: qualities that trailblazed the Romantic movement.

1247:, a married woman seven years older than him. The intimate bond with her lasted for ten years, after which Goethe abruptly left for Italy without giving his companion any notice. She was emotionally distraught at the time, but they were eventually reconciled. 792:

also argue that in the charter from 1411 the family name is written before the first name, this being a custom only in Hungarian documents. Moreover, the first name of Peter’s brother, Miclaus, could come from the Hungarian form of Nicholas, which is Miklós.

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and Sicily from 1786 to 1788 was of great significance in his aesthetic and philosophical development. His father had made a similar journey, and his example was a major motivating factor for Goethe to make the trip. More importantly, however, the work of

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As to what I have done as a poet,... I take no pride in it... But that in my century I am the only person who knows the truth in the difficult science of colours—of that, I say, I am not a little proud, and here I have a consciousness of a superiority to

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for his advocacy of science based on experiment and his forceful revolution in thought as one of the greatest strides forward in modern science. However, he was critical of Bacon's inductive method and approach based on pure classification. He said in

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Deetjen herausgefunden Laut dem promovierten Kirchenhistoriker gehen Goethes Vorfahren auf Sadok Selim zurück, der gegen Ende des 13. Jahrhunderts bei Kämpfen mit Kreuzfahrern im Heiligen Land in die Gefangenschaft des Deutschritterordens geriet."

1178:, it did not bring Goethe much financial gain since the protection later afforded by copyright laws at that time virtually did not exist. (In later years Goethe would counter this problem by periodically authorizing "new, revised" editions of his 3068:(dedicated to Carlyle). Eliot presented Goethe as "eminently the man who helps us to rise to a lofty point of observation" and praised his "large tolerance", which "quietly follows the stream of fact and of life" without passing moral judgments. 1083:(folk poetry). On 14 October 1772 Goethe hosted a gathering in his parents home in honour of the first German "Shakespeare Day". His first acquaintance with Shakespeare's works is described as his personal awakening in the field of literature. 2120:

ends with the protagonist's suicide and funeral—a funeral which "no clergyman attended"—made the book deeply controversial upon its (anonymous) publication, for it appeared to condone and glorify suicide. Suicide is considered sinful by

1730:, narrates a memory of him from his diary record of 25 October 1874 that Carlyle " had been quoting the last words of Goethe, 'Open the window, let us have more light' (this about an hour before painless death, his eyes failing him)." 2743:

and later wrote a poem in which he declared "America, you're better off than our continent, the old." He did not join in the anti-Napoleonic mood of 1812, and he distrusted the strident nationalism which started to be expressed. The

3044:, who wrote the essays "Faustus" (1822), "Goethe's Helena" (1828), "Goethe" (1828), "Goethe's Works" (1832), "Goethe's Portrait" (1832), and "Death of Goethe" (1832) which introduced Goethe to English readers; translated 2796:

Goethe had a breadth of influence on the nineteenth century which in many respects has woven itself into the fabric of ideas which have now become widespread. He produced volumes of poetry, essays, criticism, a theory of

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was named. Cornelia Goethe was the daughter of Hermann Jacob Goethe and was the niece of Johann Caspar Goethe. In 1749, Cornelia Goethe married the merchant Ulrich Thomas Streng, when Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was born.

3410:(Goethe Dictionary, abbreviated GWb). Herausgegeben von der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen und der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften. Stuttgart. 6401:

Carl Linnaeus, the botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundation for modern biological naming, was a major influence on Goethe. The latter, a well-known influence on Kierkegaard, writes of Linnaeus,

1236:, where he remained for the rest of his life and where, over the course of many years, he held a succession of offices, including superintendent of the ducal library. He was, moreover, the Duke's friend and chief 495:(28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German polymath, who is widely regarded as the greatest and most influential writer in the German language. His work has had a profound and wide-ranging influence on Western 5556:, III, 439b, 20 ff.: "White and black may be juxtaposed in such a way that by the minuteness of the division of its parts each is invisible while their product is visible, and thus colour may be produced.") See 1461:

wrote to Goethe offering friendship; they had previously had only a mutually wary relationship ever since first becoming acquainted in 1788. This collaborative friendship lasted until Schiller's death in 1805.

1220:, had been the long-time regent on behalf of her son until 1775 and was one of the most important patrons of the arts in her day, making her court into a centre of the arts. Her court had hosted the renowned 5517:

Hegel's Philosophy of Nature: Being Part Two of the Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences (1830), Translated from Nicolin and Pöggeler's Edition (1959), and from the Zusätze in Michelet's Text (1847)

2493:, which he considered his most important work. In it, he contentiously characterized colour as arising from the dynamic interplay of light and darkness through the mediation of a turbid medium. In 1816, 5119: 3393:

Doctor Faustus of the Popular Legend: Marlowe, the Puppet-Play, Goethe, and Lenau: Treated Historically and Critically: a Parallel between Goethe and Schiller: an Historic Outline of German Literature

13917: 5836:, vol. 46, no. 3 (February 1949), pp. 172–202; Martin Tetz, "Mischmasch von Irrtum und Gewalt. Zu Goethes Vers auf die Kirchengeschichte", Zeitschrift für Theologie und Kirche, 88 (1991) pp. 339–363 2914:

was a sickness, even as he penned poetry rich in memorable images, and rewrote the formal rules of German poetry. His poetry was set to music by almost every major Austrian and German composer from

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and Schopenhauer. With these I must come to terms when I have long wandered alone; they may call me right and wrong; to them will I listen when in the process they call each other right and wrong."

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price." In one epigram, which are often facetious and satirical, he wrote: "I love boys as well, but girls are even dearer to me. If I tire of her as a girl, she'll serve as a boy for me as well".

2763:, a secret society founded on 1 May 1776. Although often requested to write poems arousing nationalist passions, Goethe would always decline. In old age, he explained why this was so to Eckermann: 1152:

Since Goethe could not subsist on his income as one of the editors of a literary periodical (published by Schlosser and Merck), in May 1772 he once more took up the practice of law, this time at

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Even though the context was different, these words, especially the abridged version, which turned into a dictum, usually used as a mean to illustrate the pro-Enlightenment worldview of Goethe.

14806: 2466:... He claims to deduce from it that the barometric level varies in the same proportion not only in each zone but that it has the same variation, too, at different altitudes above sea-level". 3703: 7193: 5331: 5784:

Notizbuch von der schlesischen Reise im Jahre 1790 zur Begrüssing der deutsch-romanischen Section der XXXVII Versammlung deutscher Philologen und Schulmänner in Dessau am 1. October 1884

2739:, he thought the enthusiasm of the students and professors to be a perversion of their energy and remained skeptical of the ability of the masses to govern. Goethe sympathized with the 2656:, nor un-Christian, but most decidedly non-Christian," and in his Venetian Epigram 66, Goethe listed the symbol of the cross among the four things that he most disliked. According to 4902:"Mehr Licht" sollen, während ich das Sterbezimmer auf einen Moment verlassen hatte, die letzten Worte des Mannes gewesen seyn, dem Finsterniss in jeder Beziehung stets verhasst war. 2277:

He is also widely quoted. Epigrams such as "Against criticism a man can neither protest nor defend himself; he must act in spite of it, and then it will gradually yield to him", "

3234:, his favorite poem, and had actually memorized the entire text. It was while reciting a certain verse that he was struck with the epiphany that would lead to the idea of the 1589:

Mendelssohn was invited to meet Goethe on several later occasions, and set a number of Goethe's poems to music. His other compositions inspired by Goethe include the overture

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own descriptions of his relationship to the Christian faith and even to the Church varied widely and have been interpreted even more widely, so that while Goethe's secretary

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drama of the Germans), written in two parts published decades apart, would stand as his most characteristic and famous artistic creation. Followers of the twentieth-century

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in the year of his death, and the work was published posthumously. Goethe's original draft of a Faust play, which probably dates from 1773 to 1774, and is now known as the

2428:– he writes, "from top to bottom a plant is all leaf, united so inseparably with the future bud that one cannot be imagined without the other". In 1790, he published his 1232:. Karl August came of age when he turned eighteen in 1775, although his mother continued to be a major presence at the court. So it was that Goethe took up residence in 7460: 1474: 5531: 10223: 4476: 874:

in Leipzig and had been appointed Imperial Councillor, Johann Caspar Goethe was not involved in the city's official affairs. Johann Caspar married Goethe's mother,

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in his postscript commented: "He ended with the words: "More light" —He has now received it.— We want to be told this as an obituary, to encourage and revive us."

4173: 1678: 837: 14651: 14591: 3110:, is named after him, and promotes the study of German abroad and fosters knowledge about Germany by providing information on its culture, society and politics. 3072:

found in Goethe the "Physician of the Iron Age" and "the clearest, the largest, the most helpful thinker of modern times" with a "large, liberal view of life".

13312: 5109: 3195:, a figure in two worlds: on the one hand, devoted to the sense of taste, order, and finely crafted detail, which is the hallmark of the artistic sense of the 2377:, although his ideas of transformation were about the continuous metamorphosis of living things and did not relate to contemporary ideas of "transformisme" or 1797: 1119:

in Law from Strasbourg and was able to establish a small legal practice in Frankfurt. Although in his academic work he had given voice to an ambition to make

4534: 1893: 2281:, a sound motto; unite and lead, a better one", and "Enjoy when you can, and endure when you must", are still in usage or are often paraphrased. Lines from 2063:

was completed before his 1832 death and published posthumously later that year. His writings were immediately influential in literary and artistic circles.

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Aristotle wrote that colour is a mixture of light and dark, since white light is always seen as somewhat darkened when it is seen as a colour. (Aristotle,

2759:, joining the lodge Amalia in Weimar in 1780, and frequently alluded to Masonic themes of universal brotherhood in his work. He was also attracted to the 8542: 4199:

Kruse, Joseph A. (2018). "Poetisch-religiöse Vorratskammer – Die Hebräische Bibel bei Goethe und Heine". In Anna-Dorothea Ludewig; Steffen Höhne (eds.).

3922:"Social Relations, Shared Practices, and Emotions: Alexander von Humboldt's Excursion into Literary Classicism and the Challenges to Science around 1800" 3735: 2867: 2731:

Politically, Goethe described himself as a "moderate liberal". He was critical of the radicalism of Bentham and expressed sympathy for the liberalism of

1174:(1747–1772). In the latter case, Goethe made a desperate passion of what was in reality a hearty and relaxed friendship. Despite the immense success of 3103:

in his speeches and essays defending the republic. He emphasized Goethe's "cultural and self-developing individualism", humanism, and cosmopolitanism.

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as a topic worthy of poetic and artistic depiction, an idea that was uncommon in a time when the private nature of sexuality was rigorously normative.

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from 1765 to 1768. He detested learning age-old judicial rules by heart, preferring instead to attend the lessons of the university professor and poet

604: 4305: 2266:. Perhaps the single most influential piece is "Mignon's Song" which opens with one of the most famous lines in German poetry, an allusion to Italy: " 14911: 13158: 8532: 2361:

Although his literary work has attracted the most interest, Goethe was also keenly involved in studies of natural science. He wrote several works on

878:(1731–1808), in Frankfurt on 20 August 1748, when he was 38 and she was 17. All their children, with the exception of Johann Wolfgang and his sister 1698:"More light" is said to have been the last words of the man, who always hated darkness in every respect, as I had left the dying room for a moment. 1128:, where his inventiveness was praised. It was from that world that there came Johann Georg Schlosser (who later became Goethe's brother-in-law) and 14661: 4929:

Er endete mit den Worten: "Mehr Licht" —Ihm ist es nun geworden.— Wir wollen es uns gesagt seyn lassen, als Nachruf, zur Ermunterung und Belebung.

3056:(1832), "Novelle" (1832) and "Symbolum" at a time when few read German; and with whom Goethe corresponded. Goethe exerted a profound influence on 2902:

Goethe embodied many of the contending strands in art over the next century: his work could be lushly emotional, and rigorously formal, brief and

1217: 541: 14756: 13819: 5325: 1439: 1209: 569: 4716: 3283:. Authorized translation from the Danish (2nd ed. 1916) by Allen W. Porterfield, New York, Crown publishers, 1936. "Crown edition, 1936." Title 1132:. Goethe also pursued literary plans again; this time, his father did not object, and even helped. Goethe obtained a copy of the biography of a 14483: 10835: 10573: 6918: 10946: 2424:

During his Italian journey, Goethe formulated a theory of plant metamorphosis in which the archetypal form of the plant is to be found in the

13436: 5788: 5478: 4628: 14331: 13151: 4991: 1591: 1067:, Goethe blossomed. No other landscape was to be described by him as affectionately as the warm, wide Rhineland. In Strasbourg, Goethe met 14159: 4573: 1381:

only covers the first year of Goethe's visit. The remaining year is largely undocumented, aside from the fact that he spent much of it in

14641: 14586: 11947: 11808: 1554:, 17 at the time. In 1823, he wanted to marry her, but because of the opposition of her mother, he never proposed. Their last meeting in 920:

shows that were annually arranged by occupying French Soldiers at his home and which later became a recurrent theme in his literary work

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thought from the late 18th century to the present day. A poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, and critic,

13903: 7116: 4511: 4428: 2226: 14901: 13305: 8886: 1696:(More light!), but this is disputed as Vogel was not in the room at the moment Goethe died, something he himself says in his account: " 933:

I had from childhood the singular habit of always learning by heart the beginnings of books, and the divisions of a work, first of the

13977: 3974: 1052:. Given that he was making little progress in his formal studies, Goethe was forced to return to Frankfurt at the end of August 1768. 905:. Johann Caspar, feeling frustrated in his own ambitions, was determined that his children should have every advantage he had missed. 14836: 14671: 14656: 14606: 14596: 12061: 5973: 4806: 1368:

architecture, and was quite startled by its relative simplicity. Winckelmann had not recognized the distinctness of the two styles.

762:

Through his maternal grandmother, the renowned German poet and writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe belonged to the descendants of the

14906: 14846: 14761: 14061: 11588: 8008: 7420: 5601: 5302: 3951: 14926: 14871: 14861: 14841: 14831: 14791: 14746: 13924: 13889: 13227: 10608: 7448: 5184: 3457: 508: 9057: 5880: 5264: 5199: 1562:" which he considered one of his finest works. During that time he also developed a deep emotional bond with the Polish pianist 661:. Due to their very close relationship many modern historians assume that Goethe and Schiller had a romantic and sexual affair. 14881: 14666: 14646: 14631: 14626: 14601: 14576: 13074: 12071: 11026: 10698: 7772: 6432:

No one would deny that Goethe influenced Nietzsche, but it is important to understand that relationship in very specific terms.

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Harvard Studies in Comparative Literature, Volume 1: Three Philosophical Poets: Lucretius, Dante, and Goethe, Critical Edition

6205:

Beachy, Robert (2000). "Recasting Cosmopolitanism: German Freemasonry and Regional Identity in the Early Nineteenth Century".

4012: 14289: 13707: 13298: 13277: 10482: 8135: 7798: 6976: 6957: 6912: 6485: 6455: 6425: 6394: 6361: 6331: 6259: 5818: 5732: 5584: 5525: 5452: 5442: 5251: 5247: 5168: 4863: 4692: 4637: 4610: 3813: 3419: 1989: 1577:. Goethe, now in his seventies, was greatly impressed by the child, leading to perhaps the earliest confirmed comparison to 14851: 14686: 14621: 14233: 13963: 13847: 13664: 13569: 13395: 10153: 8171: 8059: 7362: 6639: 5515: 3532: 3296: 885:

The young Goethe received from his father and private tutors lessons in subjects common at the time, especially languages (

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ancestry. Bernt Engelmann has said that "the German poet prince with oriental ancestors is by no means a rare exception."

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West-Eastern Divan: Complete, annotated new translation, including Goethe's 'Notes and Essays' & the unpublished poems

1031:. By this time, Goethe had already written a great deal, but he discarded nearly all of these works except for the comedy 14856: 14826: 14696: 14561: 14471: 13175: 10771: 8575: 7789: 7413: 5633: 1952: 922: 617: 262: 11066: 8980: 6074:'Dumont,' returned Goethe, 'is a moderate liberal, just as all rational people are and ought to be, and as I myself am.' 14866: 14786: 14676: 14611: 10566: 9995: 6338:

It is known —but seldom paid much attention to— that Goethe's natural studies had some influence on Hegel's philosophy.

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Works by and about Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in University Library JCS Frankfurt am Main: Digital Collections Judaica

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On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life

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Oehler, R 1932, "Buch und Bibliotheken unter der Perspektive Goethe – Goethe's attitude toward books and libraries",

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left his office, Goethe agreed to act in his place and did so for two and a half years; this post virtually made him

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Cornelia Goethe (1726–1799) — in 1749 got married the merchant Ulrich Thomas Streng (1712–1777), had seven children.

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Goethe's letzte literarische Thätigkeit, Verhältniss zum Ausland und Scheiden nach dem Mittheilungen seiner freunde

1857:

Sabina Margaretha Goethe (1734–1798) — in 1753 got married Simon Friedrich Kistner (1722–1780), had seven children.

1071:. The two became close friends, and crucially to Goethe's intellectual development, Herder kindled his interest in 12122: 8955: 8252: 5066: 4526: 1008: 500: 14916: 14886: 14721: 14581: 12234: 11952: 11801: 11666: 10991: 10497: 8661: 8025: 7356: 4297: 4053:

Engelmann, Bernt (1991), Du deutsch?: Geschichte der Ausländer in Deutschland, Steidl, p. 59, ISBN 9783882431858

2406: 1162:. The broad shape of the work's plot is largely based on what Goethe experienced during his time at Wetzlar with 615:, whose plays he premiered until Schiller's death in 1805. During this period Goethe published his second novel, 77: 14303: 11424: 9016: 8666: 8440: 7074:

The Russian Image of Goethe. Volume 2 Goethe in Russian Literature of the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century.

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is often considered to be the "spark" which ignited the movement, and can arguably be called the world's first "

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The Russian Image of Goethe. Volume 1 Goethe in Russian Literature of the First Half of the Nineteenth Century.

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plasticity that allows them to grow and adapt themselves to many different conditions in many different places.

1322: 13728: 12224: 10971: 10020: 1485:'s army invaded the town. The French "spoon guards", the least disciplined soldiers, occupied Goethe's house: 1450:, he assisted Karl August as a military observer. His written account of these events can be found within his 14811: 14498: 13777: 13290: 13219: 11861: 11774: 11203: 10850: 10559: 10521: 10505: 10422: 9940: 9052: 9006: 3926: 2826: 2072: 14089: 11112: 14921: 14726: 14716: 14117: 13422: 13322: 12147: 11641: 11598: 10045: 9415: 8196: 8039: 7998: 7780: 7707: 7582: 7366: 7110: 4418: 3118: 2231: 2108: 2087: 2051:, published between 1811 and 1833) which covers his early life and ends with his departure for Weimar, his 1958: 1918: 1158: 909: 536: 255: 14194: 8492: 7311: 5847: 2561:, in which he characterizes intuition as the instrument by which one grasps Goethe's biological archetype— 1851:

Sofie Margaretha Goethe (1731–1761) — in 1752 got married Ehrenreich Reichard (1712–1788), had three sons.

981:

merchant's daughter and friend of his sister, who would later marry the merchant G. F. Schuler.

603:, was published after he returned from a 1788 tour of Italy. In 1791 he was made managing director of the 14876: 14821: 14796: 14268: 14219: 14166: 13896: 13388: 13195: 13089: 12152: 11168: 11016: 10293: 10108: 9950: 8262: 8211: 7559: 6676: 5897:, 66, . The cross symbol he drew has been variously understood as meaning Christianity, Christ, or death. 4743: 3550: 3246: 2149:, was completed in stages. The first part was published in 1808 and created a sensation. Goethe finished 1648: 1256: 916:

were among his early favorites. He also had a devotion to the theater, and was greatly fascinated by the

441: 12137: 10228: 8557: 7604: 4914: 4887: 2725: 2033: 1499:(1796–1872), cared for the elder Goethe until his death in 1832. August and Ottilie had three children: 1392:

inspired countless German youths to follow Goethe's example. This is pictured, somewhat satirically, in

1012: 993: 842: 297: 14771: 14751: 14741: 14247: 14103: 14026: 14005: 13991: 13868: 13466: 12274: 12229: 12132: 12076: 11998: 11856: 11794: 11603: 11213: 11076: 10941: 9159: 7923: 7237: 6207: 5041: 4908: 3718: 2699:, Goethe wrote that he had the feeling that all his life he had been aspiring to qualify as one of the 2668:" that has "faith that only in the totality everything redeems itself and appears good and justified." 1536: 1333: 1287: 875: 358: 14145: 13984: 11051: 11001: 10238: 8904: 8681: 7034: 6158:

Framed Visions: Popular Culture, Americanization, and the Contemporary German and Austrian Imagination

5703: 5681: 5114: 3842: 2652:, even calling Christianity the "ultimate religion", on one occasion Goethe described himself as "not 14736: 14731: 14691: 14427: 14324: 14317: 14240: 14047: 13749: 12178: 12117: 11927: 11158: 10865: 10786: 10477: 9877: 9828: 8128: 4708: 4178: 3741: 3307: 3200: 2873: 2781: 1746: 1713: 1683: 706: 582:(1776–1785), sat on the war and highway commissions, oversaw the reopening of silver mines in nearby 13414: 10158: 9315: 9037: 7302: 7189: 6902: 4949:

Thomas Carlyle: a History of the First Forty Years of His Life, 1795-1835 — In Two Volumes (Vol. II)

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Karl Robert Mandelkow, Bodo Morawe: Goethes Briefe. 2. edition. Vol. 1: Briefe der Jahre 1764–1786.

1550:

In 1821, having recovered from a near fatal heart illness, the 72-year-old Goethe fell in love with

14896: 14491: 14366: 14352: 14275: 14173: 14075: 13833: 13742: 13693: 13562: 12183: 12157: 12018: 11851: 11198: 11163: 10732: 10376: 10198: 10088: 10078: 10015: 9781: 9466: 8527: 8257: 7991: 7716: 7492: 7293: 7201: 7197: 7181: 5782: 3696: 3088: 2671: 2378: 1597: 1470: 1167: 1057: 1028: 1024: 553: 382: 136: 12535: 9955: 9245: 7325: 5475: 5242:, translated into English with introductions by Charles E. Passage, Publisher Benn Limited, 1980, 1644: 1043:'s 1525 barrel ride impressed him so much that Auerbachs Keller became the only real place in his 1023:. His uncritical admiration for many contemporary poets evaporated as he developed an interest in 14891: 14706: 14387: 14373: 14212: 14012: 13861: 13482: 13114: 12996: 12008: 11932: 11419: 11396: 11361: 11143: 11107: 11031: 10966: 10148: 10005: 9910: 9766: 9195: 8811: 8201: 7867: 7596: 4680: 4602: 3235: 2915: 2709: 2430: 2251: 1802: 1140: 1068: 638: 599: 158: 20: 12640: 12475: 9021: 8721: 7896: 7057: 6368:

Goethe's view attracted interest at the time; someone else influenced by Goethe is Schopenhauer.

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Jahre 1291 von einem der Kreuzzüge aus dem Heiligen Land mit nach Süddeutschland gebracht hatte"

2483:, colour arises at light-dark edges, and the spectrum occurs where these coloured edges overlap. 2410: 2355: 1882: 14441: 14282: 14254: 14110: 14082: 14068: 14019: 13998: 13875: 13805: 13623: 12329: 12003: 11973: 11846: 11711: 11613: 11570: 11429: 11310: 10717: 10662: 10487: 10442: 10437: 10133: 10025: 9925: 9436: 9210: 9149: 8766: 8537: 8069: 7105: 6664: 6447:

The Space of Culture: Towards a Neo-Kantian Philosophy of Culture (Cohen, Natorp, and Cassirer)

6143: 5355: 4888:"Die letzte Krankheit Goethe's beschrieben und nebst einigen andern Bemerkungen über denselben" 4557: 4330:

Vol. 1. J. G. Cotta'sche Buchhandlung Nachfolger, Stuttgart / Berlin 1923, p. 81

3572: 3402: 3312: 3151: 2720:("Muhammad's Song"). The poem's depiction of nature and forces within it is consonant with his 2688: 2649: 2641: 2550: 2455: 1741: 1221: 1171: 929:

He also took great pleasure in reading works on history and religion. Of this period he wrote:

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Præterita: Outlines of Scenes and Thoughts, Perhaps Worth of Memory, in My Past Life (Vol. II)

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excess was a disease: "There is nothing worse than imagination without taste". Goethe praised

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believes that the Soldan family were originally Hungarian nobles who settled in Moldavia from

578:

literary movement. During his first ten years in Weimar, Goethe became a member of the Duke's

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Goethe's Path to Creativity: A Psycho-Biography of the Eminent Politician, Scientist and Poet

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with the bodies often mutilated. The suicide's property was often confiscated by the Church.

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origin of the family should not be excluded. The family might have first become Hungarian in

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would approach within the scientific paradigm. The Serbian inventor and electrical engineer

2503:

based on the observations supplied in Goethe's book. After being translated into English by

1668:

The earliest known account was of Karl Wilhelm Müller's, which gives all of his last words:

1519:

After 1793, Goethe devoted his endeavours primarily to literature. In 1812, he travelled to

700:). Goethe's comments and observations form the basis of several biographical works, notably 14571: 14566: 14394: 14152: 13756: 13593: 13535: 13350: 13342: 13173: 13104: 12670: 11761: 11621: 11583: 11534: 11178: 11148: 10976: 10691: 10582: 10540: 10113: 9675: 9562: 9487: 9200: 9164: 8866: 8846: 8600: 8287: 8227: 8121: 8091: 8049: 7726: 7589: 7537: 7304:

Goethe's Theory of Colours; translated from the German: with notes by Charles Lock Eastlake

7027: 5298: 4943: 3513: 3196: 3192: 3155: 2923: 2749: 2499: 2362: 2255: 2015: 2003: 1528: 1496: 1435: 851: 781: 646: 623: 590:. He also contributed to the planning of Weimar's botanical park and the rebuilding of its 540:(1774), and joined a thriving intellectual and cultural environment under the patronage of 353: 181: 98: 11978: 11555: 11434: 10213: 10030: 9265: 9042: 8899: 8620: 8585: 7633: 7272: 5965: 4136: 3024: 2834: 1943: 1671:"Macht doch den zweiten Fensterladen in der Stube auch auf, damit mehr Licht hereinkomme." 672:

one of the four greatest novels ever written, while the American philosopher and essayist

8: 14816: 14701: 14520: 13826: 13812: 13555: 13446: 13084: 12600: 12470: 12314: 12051: 11988: 11901: 11504: 11188: 10956: 10925: 10472: 10331: 10035: 9920: 9761: 9144: 9139: 8975: 8716: 8651: 8267: 7984: 7764: 7566: 7521: 5561:

Aristotle De sensu and De memoria; text and translation, with introduction and commentary

4006: 3239: 3208: 3092: 2888: 2858: 2838: 2830: 2740: 2692: 2657: 2512: 2494: 2394: 2077: 2027: 1551: 1357: 1244: 1116: 1072: 934: 908:

Although Goethe's great passion was drawing, he quickly became interested in literature;

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The phrase Goethe uses is "Mischmasch von Irrtum und Gewalt", in his "Zahme Xenien" IX,

5559: 2696: 2434:. As one of the many precursors in the history of evolutionary thought, Goethe wrote in 633:. His conversations and various shared undertakings throughout the 1790s with Schiller, 14711: 14096: 13490: 13402: 13250: 13242: 13094: 12675: 12595: 12400: 12279: 12173: 11841: 11836: 11514: 11376: 11366: 11351: 11341: 11295: 11183: 11006: 10727: 10528: 10248: 10010: 10000: 9885: 9776: 9670: 9512: 9461: 9374: 9270: 9240: 9230: 9078: 8876: 8565: 8457: 8398: 8176: 7915: 7286: 6988: 6946: 6733: 6232: 6224: 6037: 5607: 5380: 5058: 3943: 3921: 3262: 3147: 3061: 2676: 2370: 2122: 1706:, in his letter to John Carlyle (2 July 1832) records that he had learned the version 1532: 1500: 1466: 1458: 1311: 1040: 1004: 879: 863: 685: 677: 654: 612: 587: 504: 496: 406: 398: 374: 313: 131: 109: 11486: 10655: 9410: 9290: 8487: 5294: 5188: 4487:. Jahrbuch der Klassik Stiftung Weimar 2007. Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag, pp. 132–164 2777: 2732: 2242:

Goethe's poetic work served as a model for an entire movement in German poetry termed

1015:, the daughter of a craftsman and innkeeper, writing cheerful verses about her in the 14448: 14138: 14033: 13882: 13645: 13474: 13212: 13119: 13006: 12963: 12948: 12888: 12725: 12700: 12690: 12480: 12385: 12299: 12269: 12254: 12249: 12199: 12023: 11876: 11817: 11719: 11524: 11519: 11481: 11471: 11320: 11236: 11231: 11173: 11021: 11011: 10776: 10633: 10462: 10432: 10396: 10341: 10263: 10193: 10118: 10055: 9960: 9945: 9915: 9756: 9731: 9705: 9644: 9634: 9532: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9185: 9154: 9098: 9093: 8909: 8894: 8816: 8701: 8646: 8570: 8482: 8435: 8338: 8328: 8292: 8158: 7938: 7876: 7651: 7347: 7053: 6995: 6972: 6953: 6908: 6680: 6643: 6481: 6451: 6421: 6390: 6357: 6327: 6255: 6236: 6041: 6029: 5938: 5814: 5728: 5580: 5521: 5448: 5372: 5353:

K. Barteczko; M. Jacob (1999). "A re-evaluation of the premaxillary bone in humans".

5243: 5195: 5164: 5092: 4859: 4688: 4660: 4633: 4606: 4565: 4204: 4083:

Lefter, Lucian-Valeriu (2009). "Neamuri si inrudidi la boierii lui Ștefan cel Mare".

3947: 3809: 3490: 3441: 3428: 3415: 3411: 3327: 3228: 3034: 2996: 2854: 2752:

was also repellent to Goethe's eighteenth-century ideal of a supra-national culture.

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Some well-known quotations are often incorrectly attributed to Goethe. These include

2145: 1765: 1665:, that is, "more light!", although the original claimed last words quote was longer. 1574: 1563: 1478: 1419: 1349: 1337: 1328: 1299: 1292: 966: 867: 658: 629: 557: 340: 283: 247: 218: 14226: 13910: 12898: 12858: 11560: 10981: 9802: 9797: 9680: 8517: 8467: 5846:

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von; Eckermann, Johann Peter; Soret, Frédéric Jacob (1850).

5384: 5222: 4163:

Vol. 1. J.G. Cotta'sche Buchhandlung Nachfolger, Stuttgart / Berlin 1923, p. 36

3837: 3778: 2952: 2883:. Nietzsche wrote, "Four pairs it was that did not deny themselves to my sacrifice: 2083: 1773:, who chose the date 28 August in honour of Goethe, who was born on 28 August 1749. 14478: 14464: 14338: 14296: 14261: 13956: 13700: 13631: 13046: 12958: 12903: 12863: 12838: 12828: 12515: 12349: 12309: 12209: 12091: 12066: 11993: 11983: 11906: 11886: 11724: 11356: 11336: 11305: 10996: 10961: 10905: 10068: 9965: 9890: 9807: 9771: 9649: 9624: 9619: 9320: 9310: 9305: 9295: 9285: 9260: 9190: 9113: 9088: 8656: 8605: 8502: 8343: 8333: 8316: 8277: 8272: 8247: 7931: 7689: 7499: 7396: 7376: 6216: 6021: 5832: 5724: 5364: 5050: 4853: 4456: 3935: 3632: 3626: 3594: 3504: 3336: 3245:

The public university in the city of Frankfurt am Main was named after Goethe, the

3188: 3113:

The literary estate of Goethe in the Goethe and Schiller Archives was inscribed on

2957: 2931: 2846: 2535: 2480: 2451: 2339: 2327: 2191: 2187: 2126: 2100: 1898: 1385:. This "gap in the record" has been the source of much speculation over the years. 1091: 1036: 897:(briefly), French, Italian, and English). Goethe also received lessons in dancing, 194: 13798: 13031: 12813: 12655: 12570: 12465: 12415: 12334: 12214: 11439: 10243: 10233: 9451: 9225: 9062: 8726: 8404: 7529: 7109: 6630:

Sorensen, David R. (2004). "Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von". In Cumming, Mark (ed.).

5110:"Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: Return to Weimar and the French Revolution (1788–94)" 4417: 2821:) is named after him. His non-fiction writings, most of which are philosophic and 1916:(1773), a tragedy that was the first work to bring him recognition, and the novel 14456: 14124: 13949: 13657: 12991: 12923: 12853: 12843: 12803: 12750: 12710: 12695: 12410: 12239: 12204: 11871: 11831: 11529: 11414: 11290: 11252: 11071: 10915: 10910: 10712: 10618: 10467: 10452: 10427: 10351: 10283: 10278: 10273: 10188: 10173: 10128: 10063: 9935: 9905: 9751: 9746: 9629: 9552: 9542: 9492: 9400: 9275: 9169: 9108: 9103: 8970: 8914: 8831: 8821: 8641: 8625: 8580: 8547: 8420: 8370: 8308: 8297: 7945: 7827: 7669: 7660: 7552: 7400: 7133: 6632: 6462:

Goethe influenced Cassirer in a crucial aspect of his philosophy of the symbolic.

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The Child and Childhood in Folk Thought: (The Child in Primitive Culture), p. 385

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were held back from publication due to their sexual content. Goethe clearly saw

1143:. In a couple of weeks the biography was reworked into a colourful drama titled 14534: 14420: 14380: 13791: 13763: 13528: 13258: 13011: 12943: 12833: 12823: 12798: 12740: 12705: 12620: 12575: 12450: 12445: 12430: 12405: 12339: 12319: 12284: 12244: 12029: 11911: 11891: 11701: 11651: 11509: 11386: 11381: 11371: 11267: 11193: 11102: 11097: 10920: 10895: 10875: 10860: 10845: 10830: 10391: 10361: 10326: 10316: 10298: 10203: 10163: 10098: 9970: 9900: 9741: 9726: 9654: 9598: 9588: 9557: 9537: 9446: 9369: 9349: 9334: 9255: 9215: 8919: 8871: 8801: 8696: 8676: 8615: 8512: 8376: 8302: 7642: 7263: 7259: 7023: 6380: 5659: 3833: 3375: 3216: 3069: 3041: 2987: 2842: 2653: 2599:, the first use of Faust's power after signing a contract with the Devil is to 2546: 2525:'s analytic treatment of colour, engaging instead in compiling a comprehensive 2390: 2386: 2259: 2247: 2212: 2199: 2179: 2175: 2151: 2021: 2019:. In the last period, between Schiller's death, in 1805, and his own, appeared 1760: 1703: 1608: 1260: 1255:, in addition to the Mines and Highways commissions. In 1782, when the Duchy's 1251:

no other way. In 1779, Goethe took on the War Commission of the Grand Duchy of

1229: 1163: 1048: 978: 767: 591: 13320: 12793: 10406: 9975: 9001: 8965: 8776: 7343: 5955:

Karic, Enes, "Goethe, His Era, and Islam". p. 100. Retrieved 14 December 2022.

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work, which would give the 19th century one of its most paradigmatic figures:

2930:

and Mahler both created symphonies in whole or in large part inspired by this

2350: 1722:

Glorious man! Happy man! I never think of him but with reverence and pride. "

14555: 13854: 13840: 13735: 13714: 13036: 13021: 12953: 12928: 12873: 12848: 12808: 12745: 12625: 12610: 12520: 12500: 12455: 12440: 12420: 12364: 12354: 12344: 12289: 12264: 12101: 11896: 11786: 11729: 11686: 11656: 11636: 11300: 11226: 11153: 11056: 10986: 10900: 10855: 10840: 10737: 10686: 10401: 10366: 10356: 10336: 10268: 10218: 10083: 10073: 9858: 9833: 9721: 9695: 9583: 9364: 9235: 8841: 8771: 8746: 8736: 8691: 8391: 7735: 7680: 7574: 7405: 6033: 5749: 5226: 4569: 4500: 4423: 4243: 3801: 3562: 3476: 3280: 3169: 3126: 2919: 2896: 2700: 2645: 2587: 2402: 2203: 2037:(an 1819 collection of poems in the Persian style, influenced by the work of 2009: 1980: 1968: 1783: 1612: 1304: 1120: 957:

Goethe also became acquainted with Frankfurt actors. Valerian Tornius wrote:

949: 898: 890: 871: 773: 763: 735: 579: 9593: 7248: 7233: 6290: 6009: 4185: 3083:

It was to a considerable degree due to Goethe's reputation that the city of

2080:

that became known in Europe, after being translated from English to German.

1910:

The most important of Goethe's works produced before he went to Weimar were

1674:("Open the second shutter in the living room so that more light comes in.") 14040: 13109: 13099: 13056: 12913: 12908: 12868: 12818: 12775: 12765: 12760: 12730: 12720: 12715: 12665: 12660: 12585: 12580: 12545: 12540: 12510: 12425: 12390: 12359: 12081: 11739: 11734: 11681: 11671: 11646: 11626: 11346: 11315: 11262: 11257: 11041: 10951: 10890: 10870: 10757: 10681: 10371: 10346: 10321: 10288: 10258: 10178: 10138: 10040: 9985: 9895: 9863: 9853: 9838: 9578: 9441: 9431: 9405: 9250: 9205: 8929: 8861: 8851: 8791: 8741: 8686: 8497: 8415: 8386: 8237: 8018: 7977: 7952: 7513: 7095:

Literature and the Cult of Personality: Essays on Goethe and His Influence.

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In 1998, both of these sites, together with nine others, were designated a

3567: 3537: 3526: 3224: 3057: 2785: 2708:

creation of a Goethe monument on account of his offensive religious creed.

2636: 2600: 2531: 2522: 2183: 2170:, appeared in 1814. The work subsequently inspired operas and oratorios by 2141: 1827:

Johann August Streng (1830–1897) was a mineralogist, chemist and scientist.

1555: 1415: 1393: 1348:

to it. During the course of his trip Goethe met and befriended the artists

1044: 855: 794: 785: 777: 755: 13918:

Frederick Christian II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg

13547: 9736: 7847: 6220: 6025: 5629: 3075: 2447:

Goethe's botanical theories were partly based on his gardening in Weimar.

989: 822: 802: 14434: 13619: 13612: 13026: 13016: 12933: 12918: 12770: 12755: 12735: 12685: 12680: 12635: 12565: 12555: 12550: 12490: 12259: 11881: 11691: 11476: 11272: 11046: 10885: 10764: 10747: 10742: 10386: 10253: 10103: 9700: 9603: 9547: 9354: 9220: 8924: 8856: 8590: 8451: 8410: 8359: 8232: 8144: 7255: 5723:'Goethe's Message of Beauty in Our Twentieth Century World', (Friedrich) 4963: 4264: 3748: 3301: 3271: 3100: 2984: 2927: 2911: 2879: 2806: 2745: 2684: 2507:

in 1840, his theory became widely adopted by the art world, most notably

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George Goethe II (1745–1786) – his son was George Goethe III (1770–1843).

1770: 1723: 1443: 1398: 1264: 1252: 1225: 565: 545: 445: 10706: 7485: 6851:

Scientific Studies, Suhrkamp ed., vol. 12, p. 121; trans. Douglas Miller

6737: 6720: 6228: 5413: 4515:. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 871. 4432:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 183. 2545:(1772). In the Kurschner edition of Goethe's works, the science editor, 1611:, on his hiking tour through Germany (the trip immortalised in his work 1422:, created under influence of the French Revolution and destroyed in the 13649: 13638: 13600: 13578: 13001: 12630: 12615: 12590: 12525: 12495: 12460: 12395: 12294: 12086: 12046: 11696: 11676: 11661: 11631: 10880: 10791: 10648: 10623: 10613: 10551: 9507: 8826: 8806: 8796: 8445: 8282: 8032: 7478: 7048: 5062: 5036: 3520: 3351: 3184: 3029: 2991: 2946: 2907: 2822: 2818: 2810: 2784:

dedicated "To Goethe the Mastermind of the German People" in Chicago's

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To the period of his friendship with Schiller belong the conception of

1345: 1213: 1136: 1094:, but the tryst ended in August 1771. Several of Goethe's poems, like " 1087: 1019:

genre. In 1770, he released anonymously his first collection of poems,

798: 608: 471:

Commissioner of the War, Mines and Highways Commissions of Saxe-Weimar

13130: 7046:& Goethe: Romanticism and Classicism", in Hearn, Sheila G. (ed.), 6477:

Reading Goethe at Midlife: Ancient Wisdom, German Classicism, and Jung

5849:

Conversations of Goethe with Eckermann and Soret, Vol. II, pp. 423–424

4328:

Goethe. Vorlesungen gehalten an der Königlichen Universität zu Berlin.

4161:

Goethe. Vorlesungen gehalten an der Königlichen Universität zu Berlin.

2926:

declared that a "Faust" Symphony would be the greatest thing for art.

2687:

family, Goethe's early faith was shaken by news of such events as the

1506: 1115:

At the end of August 1771, Goethe acquired the academic degree of the

14131: 13444: 12168: 12056: 11968: 10722: 10643: 10168: 9497: 9379: 8711: 8430: 6088:

Firm Heart and Capacious Mind: The Life and Friends of Etienne Dumont

3884: 3212: 2941: 2802: 2756: 2704: 2615: 2263: 2250:. Goethe's words inspired a number of compositions by, among others, 2113: 1808: 1341: 1125: 859: 715: 463:

Superintendent of the ducal library and Chief Adviser of Saxe-Weimar

36: 5054: 5006:

Goethe: The History of a Man 1749–1833, Schiller and Wilhelm Meister

4442:

Gosnell, Charles F., and Géza Schütz. 1932. "Goethe the Librarian."

2922:, and his influence would spread to French drama and opera as well. 2397:. Goethe's studies (notably with an elephant's skull lent to him by 1542: 751: 12973: 12938: 12380: 12324: 11081: 10676: 10669: 10308: 7385: 7277: 7200:

external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into

6797:"The literary estate of Goethe in the Goethe and Schiller Archives" 3939: 3143: 3014: 3004: 2884: 2850: 2814: 2414: 2067: 1947: 1632: 1535:

two years prior in 1810. By 1820, Goethe was on amiable terms with

1482: 1388:

In the decades which immediately followed its publication in 1816,

1133: 830: 719: 693: 561: 516: 425: 176: 14529: 6200: 6198: 5223:"The Auto-Biography of Goethe. Truth and Poetry: From My Own Life" 4774: 2463: 2207: 1790: 1371:

Goethe's diaries of this period form the basis of the non-fiction

1271:" in his name). In that same year, Goethe moved into what was his 1156:. In 1774 he wrote the book which would bring him worldwide fame, 13369: 12162: 9980: 8731: 8322: 7381: 6904:

Wizard: The Life and Times of Nikola Tesla: Biography of a Genius

5921:

Letter to Boisserée dated 22 March 1831 quoted in Peter Boerner,

3211:

would take up many similar ideas in the 1800s. Goethe's ideas on

3168:

Goethe's scientific and aesthetic ideas have much in common with

2903: 2568: 1520: 1237: 1153: 902: 826: 818: 810: 723: 583: 524: 189: 5008:

Translated by Ethel Colburn Mayne, New York: G.P. Putnum's Sons.

4786: 4073:

Vorfahren stellt indessen keineswegs eine seltene Ausnahme dar."

3540:– author of misattributed quotation "Until one is committed ..." 3470: 3003:

Goethe was also a cultural force. During his first meeting with

1410: 710:(1836). His poems were set to music by many composers including 13234: 10752: 8425: 7613: 7017:

Goethe's Naturalistic Anthropology : Man and Other Plants.

6195: 5682:"The Theory of Knowledge Implicit in Goethe's World Conception" 5229:. London: Henry G. Bohn. p. – via Internet Archive. 5089:

German Classical Drama: Theatre, Humanity and Nation, 1750–1870

4240:

The Autobiography of Goethe: Truth and Poetry, From My Own Life

3440:, translated by Deanna Stewart, New York, NY: Routledge, 2019. 3114: 3084: 2825:

in nature, spurred the development of many thinkers, including

2798: 2418: 1640: 1578: 1524: 1382: 1233: 1076: 1064: 1016: 961:. In early literary attempts Goethe showed an infatuation with 939: 917: 854:(1710–1782), lived with his family in a large house (today the 814: 731: 711: 531: 520: 94: 8113: 5781:

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von (1884). Zarncke, Friedrich (ed.).

5564:. Robarts – University of Toronto. Cambridge University Press. 5476:"The Emergence of the Idea of Evolution in the Time of Goethe" 4271:

Vol. 1. Ernst-Rowohlt-Verlag, Berlin 1926, pp. 17–18

4189:) of Frankfurt, and of Anna Margaretha Lindheimer (1711–1783). 4005:

Schopenhauer, Arthur (January 2004). "The Art of Literature".

3013:(You are a man)!" The two discussed politics, the writings of 971:, and the adventures with whom he would describe concisely in 10638: 5440: 5145:

Correspondence between Schiller and Goethe, from 1794 to 1805

2935: 2555:

The Theory of Knowledge Implicit in Goethe's World-Conception

2038: 1998: 1149:, and the work struck a chord among Goethe's contemporaries. 913: 886: 727: 681: 627:, and, in 1808, the first part of his most celebrated drama, 7332:

Goethe Quotes: New English translations and German originals

6277:

The Story of Civilization Volume 10: Rousseau and Revolution

3603: 3106:

The Federal Republic of Germany's cultural institution, the

2865:

as one of the four greatest novels ever written, along with

2310:' "Art is long, life is short", which is echoed in Goethe's 1928:) (1774), which gained him enormous fame as a writer in the 1716:: " Mrs. Austin wrote lately that Goethe's last words were, 586:, and implemented a series of administrative reforms at the 14807:

Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities

8381: 7140:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. pp. 139–202 6130:

McCabe, Joseph. 'Goethe: The Man and His Character'. p. 343

3674: 3665: 3659: 3647: 3609: 2459: 1546:

Goethe and Ulrike, sculpture by Heinrich Drake in Marienbad

1170:(1741–1800), as well as the suicide of the Goethes' friend 944: 534:

in November 1775 following the success of his first novel,

13932:

Friedrich Ferdinand Constantin von Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach

7331: 5923:

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1832/1982: A Biographical Essay

5514:

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich; Miller, Arnold V. (2004).

5017: 3079:

Goethe memorial in front of the Alte Handelsbörse, Leipzig

2274:?" ("Do you know the land where the lemon trees bloom?"). 1263:

and the principal representative of the Duchy. Goethe was

676:

selected Goethe as one of six "representative men" in his

7243: 6492:

Goethe's influence on Jung was profound and far-reaching.

6010:"The River and its Metaphors: Goethe's "Mahomets Gesang"" 3656: 3641: 3638: 3600: 2644:

portrayed him as enthusiastic about Christianity, Jesus,

1719:

Macht die Fensterladen auf, damit ich mehr Licht bekomme!

1709:

Macht die Fensterladen auf, damit ich mehr Licht bekomme!

1581:

in the following conversation between Goethe and Zelter:

1344:. Thus Goethe's journey had something of the nature of a 1336:

had provoked a general renewed interest in the classical

1268: 1190: 6721:"Goethe, Carlyle, Nietzsche and the German Middle Class" 6189:

Goethe's Search for the Muse: Translation and Creativity

5996:

The River and its Metaphors: Goethe's "Mahoments Gesang"

780:

together with the first prince of independent Moldavia,

6765:

The Educational Thought and Influence of Matthew Arnold

6124: 5656:"The Experiment as Mediator between Subject and Object" 3121:

in 2001 in recognition of its historical significance.

1831: 1465:

In 1806, Goethe was living in Weimar with his mistress

1446:

during the failed invasion of France. Again during the

6971:. Oxford, England; New York: Oxford University Press. 6868:

The Player's Passion: Studies in the Science of Acting

6600:

Gillespie, Gerald Ernest Paul; Engel, Manfred (2008).

5265:"A meeting of genius: Beethoven and Goethe, July 1812" 4287:

Cotta / Kröner, Stuttgart around 1883, pp. 16–17.

2712:

considered Goethe "a heathen who converted to Islam."

1566:, 33 at the time, and she separated from her husband. 1204:

In 1775, on the strength of his fame as the author of

6841:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 232. 3683: 3618: 2614:

In a conversation on 7 April 1830 Goethe stated that

2543:

The experiment as mediator between subject and object

1356:, as well as encountering such notable characters as 5845: 5352: 3671: 3662: 3644: 3606: 3466: 3381:

Goethe's Concept of the Daemonic: After the Ancients

2595:, depict erotic passions and acts. For instance, in 1712:("Open the shutters so I can get more light!") from 1619:, and speaking flippantly of it in much later life. 5774: 4474:"Goethe und Carl August – Freundschaft und Politik" 4000: 3998: 3996: 3653: 3635: 3597: 2728:to ignite a poetic dialogue between East and West. 1836: 977:. He adored Caritas Meixner (1750–1773), a wealthy 7090:Philadelphia Pa: University of Pennsylvania Press. 7076:Philadelphia Pa: University of Pennsylvania Press. 7069:Philadelphia Pa: University of Pennsylvania Press. 6987: 6952:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. 6945: 6719: 6668: 6323:Rudolf Steiner: The Relevance of Waldorf Education 6254:. Munich: Ars Una. pp. 48–49, 62–63, 71, 82. 6252:Die Mitglieder des Illuminatenordens, 1776–1787/93 5943:Religion, Reason, and Culture in the Age of Goethe 5157:Baumer, Rachel Van M.; Brandon, James R. (1993) . 4762: 4364: 4362: 3040:In Victorian England, Goethe's great disciple was 2369:His focus on morphology and what was later called 2246:("introversion") and represented by, for example, 1864: 572:, in 1782. Goethe was an early participant in the 19:Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see 7397:Works by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in eBook form 7363:Free scores of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's texts 7184:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines 7120:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). pp. 182–189. 7100: 6870:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 165–166. 6785:. Univ of South Carolina Press. pp. 110–111. 5415:Versuch die Metamorphose der Pflanzen zu Erklären 4952:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 241. 3975:"True Romance; Goethe Is Outed And Germany Yawns" 1815: 1243:In 1776, Goethe formed a close relationship with 14553: 7152:Viëtor, Karl 1950. Bayard Quincy Morgan, trans. 6090:. University Press of America. pp. 132–133. 5830:Arnold Bergsträsser, "Goethe's View of Christ", 4759:(Vol. 1). Indiana University Press. pp. 126–127. 4485:Anna Amalia, Carl August und das Ereignis Weimar 3993: 2405:, also known as "Goethe's bone", in 1784, which 1769:took place in Weimar in 1850. The conductor was 13820:Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach 6160:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 18–19. 6115: 5787:. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel. p. 15. 5558:Aristotle; Ross, George Robert Thomson (1906). 4359: 4255:Ludwig-Röhrscheid-Verlag, Bonn 1949, p. 26 4100: 4098: 2956:Mendelssohn plays to Goethe, 1830: painting by 1791:Distant relatives of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1643:of apparent heart failure. He is buried in the 14652:19th-century German dramatists and playwrights 14592:18th-century German dramatists and playwrights 14484:Memoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinism 11816: 7435: 6599: 5937: 4972:. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 428 4137:"Den introducerade svenska adelns ättartavlor" 3318:Goethe's World: As Seen in Letters and Memoirs 2511:. Goethe's work also inspired the philosopher 2401:) led him to independently discover the human 805:region. However, noble families with the name 13563: 13430: 13306: 13159: 11802: 10567: 8129: 7421: 7249:"Goethe and the Science of the Enlightenment" 6943: 6826:. Harvard University Press. pp. 113–114. 6705:George Eliot and Goethe: An Elective Affinity 5759:Gedenkausgabe der Werke, Briefe und Gespräche 5557: 5240:Goethe's Plays, by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 5156: 4780: 4629:Schopenhauer and the Wild Years of Philosophy 3523:– her encounters with the 16-year-old Goethe. 3387:Goethe and Rousseau: Resonances of their Mind 2057:(1816–17), and a series of treatises on art. 1659:The last words of Goethe usually abridged as 607:, and in 1794 he began a friendship with the 10696: 10667: 10653: 7373:Works by or about Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 6836: 6702: 6698: 6696: 6356:. University of Chicago Press. p. 131. 5139: 5137: 4927: 4900: 4356:. Ludwig-Röhrscheid-Verlag, Bonn 1949, p. 60 4203:(in German). Walter de Gruyter. p. 71. 4095: 4004: 3829: 3827: 3825: 3008: 2970: 2298: 2292: 2286: 2268: 2094: 1946:". During the years at Weimar before he met 1923: 1717: 1707: 1690: 1669: 1660: 1107: 1101: 1095: 784:, and then Romanised their name. Historians 14802:Members of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences 13577: 11948:Category:Translators of William Shakespeare 10762: 7156:. Cambridge Mass: Harvard University Press. 6881: 6879: 6877: 6663:Tennyson, G. B. (1973). "The Carlyles". In 6564: 6516: 6274: 5513: 4811:. MA: Boston: Twayne Publishers. p. 34 4652: 4201:Goethe und die Juden – die Juden und Goethe 3427:, translated by Eric Ormsby, 2019. Gingko, 3037:, with whom he shared a mutual admiration. 2910:was the means of controlling art, and that 2549:, presents Goethe's approach to science as 1821:Johann Ludwig Streng (1754–1817) — merchant 13570: 13556: 13437: 13423: 13313: 13299: 13166: 13152: 11809: 11795: 10574: 10560: 8136: 8122: 7428: 7414: 6677:The Modern Language Association of America 6530: 6528: 5933: 5931: 5024:. Manchester University Press. p. 15. 4757:New Historical Anthology of Music by Women 4455: 4152: 4150: 4122:Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien 3252: 2695:. A year before his death, in a letter to 2675:Portrait of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe by 2553:. Steiner elaborated on that in the books 1090:in October 1770, Goethe fell in love with 597:Goethe's first major scientific work, the 48: 14160:Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau 12062:Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen 7220:Learn how and when to remove this message 7131: 6861: 6859: 6857: 6837:Amrine, F.R.; Zucker, Francis J. (2012). 6776: 6774: 6693: 6389:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 126. 6249: 6067: 5762:. Zürich : Artemis Verl. p. 686 5574: 5402:. Robert R Heitner. Suhrkamp ed., vol. 6. 5134: 5091:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4992:Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians 4679: 4625: 4483:by Gerhard Müller, in Th. Seemann (ed.): 4415: 3822: 3796: 3794: 3095:for what would become known as Germany's 2994:after him—where festival performances of 2270:Kennst du das Land, wo die Zitronen blühn 1736: 1210:Karl August, Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach 14912:Writers about activism and social change 14062:Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg 13904:Ferdinand, Prince of Brunswick-Lüneburg 10581: 7083:Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 7022: 6874: 6799:. UNESCO Memory of the World Programme. 6662: 6629: 6604:. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 44. 6450:. Oxford University Press. p. 124. 6349: 6191:. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 83. 6186: 6155: 5878: 5441:Magnus, Rudolf; Schmid, Gunther (2004). 4912: 4858:. Jena: Friedrich Frommann. p. 29. 4499: 4134: 4107:Pământul, sătenii și stăpânii în Moldova 3879: 3877: 3857:"Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — Biography" 3366:The Life of Goethe. A Critical Biography 3142: 3087:was chosen in 1919 as the venue for the 3074: 3007:in 1808, the latter famously remarked: " 2951: 2940: 2776: 2670: 2630: 2621: 2541:Goethe outlines his method in the essay 2468: 2349: 2225: 2082: 1892: 1881: 1626: 1541: 1505: 1409: 1310: 1298: 1286: 1189: 1185: 988: 797:is thus convinced that the Soldans were 750: 14662:19th-century German non-fiction writers 13978:Leopold Friedrich Günther von Goeckingk 13925:Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg 13890:Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg 13135: 6885: 6821: 6762: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6567:Mythos Weimar: Zwischen Geist und Macht 6525: 6386:Kierkegaard, Eve and Metaphors of Birth 6379: 6100: 5928: 5317: 5262: 4804: 4594: 4555: 4519: 4147: 4104: 3889:Justification for UNESCO Heritage Cites 3885:"Classical Weimar UNESCO Justification" 3547:", essay often mis-attributed to Goethe 3458:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe bibliography 2853:, he was one of the leading figures of 2162:The first operatic version of Goethe's 2044:Aus meinem Leben: Dichtung und Wahrheit 1934:period which marked the early phase of 1558:on 5 September 1823 inspired his poem " 1011:. In Leipzig, Goethe fell in love with 328: 1806; died 1816) 14757:German male dramatists and playwrights 14554: 12072:Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau 7773:The Green Snake and the Beautiful Lily 7337: 6985: 6900: 6854: 6839:Goethe and the Sciences: A Reappraisal 6803:from the original on 29 September 2017 6771: 6717: 6579: 6549: 6534: 6521:. Transaction Publishers. p. 389. 6473: 6413: 6319: 6204: 6170: 6139: 5976:from the original on 24 September 2022 5780: 5755: 5636:from the original on 16 September 2008 5599: 5498: 5487:Interdisciplinary Aspects of Evolution 5323: 5220: 5034: 4962: 4942: 4851: 4393:. Christian Wegner Verlag. pp. 590–592 4242:, Volume 1 (1897), translated by 4119: 4082: 3972: 3912: 3910: 3791: 3529:, a large crater on the planet Mercury 3176:is in many ways a sequel to Diderot's 2303:" have entered everyday German usage. 2159:, was also published after his death. 2076:, which was one of the first works of 1824:Johannes Streng (1780–1843) — merchant 1430:In late 1792, Goethe took part in the 1267:in 1782 (this being indicated by the " 16:German writer and polymath (1749–1832) 13551: 13418: 13294: 13147: 13134: 11790: 10812: 10593: 10555: 10483:Romanticism and the French Revolution 8117: 7409: 7273:"Works by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe" 7052:No. 13, Summer 1983, pp. 25–28, 6865: 6780: 6584:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 450. 6085: 6007: 5275:from the original on 21 December 2019 4885: 4556:Craig, Gordon A.; Wilson, W. Daniel. 4308:from the original on 12 February 2013 4198: 3874: 3800: 3695: 2497:went on to develop his own theory in 1897:1876 'Faust' by Goethe, decorated by 1796:the ancestor of the famous scientist 1208:, Goethe was invited to the court of 14234:Dietrich Heinrich Ludwig von Ompteda 13964:Otto Heinrich von Gemmingen-Hornberg 13848:Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg 13665:Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria 13396:Lotte in Weimar: The Beloved Returns 7164: 7097:New York: Columbia University Press. 6966: 6789: 6726:Monatshefte für Deutschen Unterricht 6671:Victorian Prose: A Guide to Research 6640:Fairleigh Dickinson University Press 6614: 6588: 6552:Goethe: The Sorrows of Young Werther 6507:. (New York: The Viking Press, 1954) 6480:. Chiron Publications. p. 198. 6443: 5811:Goethes Gedichte in Zeitlicher Folge 5791:from the original on 13 October 2023 5221:Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von (1848). 5143:See, generally Schiller, F. (1877). 4792: 4768: 4719:from the original on 18 October 2022 4558:"The Goethe Case | W. Daniel Wilson" 4298:"Originally speech of Goethe to the 4085:Studii Si Materiale de Istorie Medie 3916: 3533:Johann-Wolfgang-von-Goethe-Gymnasium 3297:Lotte in Weimar: The Beloved Returns 3099:. Goethe became a key reference for 2294:Das ist der Weisheit letzter Schluss 1832:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's cousins 1807:(1830–1897), after whom the mineral 657:have come to be collectively termed 14472:New World Order (conspiracy theory) 14332:Johan Philip Stadion von Warthausen 7507:Gesang der Geister über den Wassern 7382:Works by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 7353:Works by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 7344:Works by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 7111:"Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von" 6907:. Citadel Press. pp. 22, 308. 6890:. Librairie Droz. pp. 392–394. 6582:A Companion to European Romanticism 6301:from the original on 15 August 2018 6105:. Boydell & Brewer. p. 70. 5945:. Boydell & Brewer. p. 99. 5603:Theory of Colours, paragraph No. 50 5422:from the original on 3 January 2018 5305:from the original on 8 October 2020 5185:"The Stigma of Suicide – A history" 5018:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1966). 4419:"Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von" 4354:Goethe – Leben, Wirken und Schaffen 4269:Goethe – Geschichte eines Menschen. 3907: 3734:The others Schopenhauer named were 2579:Many of Goethe's works, especially 2521:. Goethe was vehemently opposed to 1848:Johann Friedrich Goethe (1728–1733) 959:Goethe – Leben, Wirken und Schaffen 882:(1750–1777), died at an early age. 13: 14642:19th-century German civil servants 14587:18th-century German civil servants 13708:August von Sachsen-Gotha-Altenburg 13278:Wilhelm Meister's Journeyman Years 7799:Wilhelm Meister's Journeyman Years 7126:Goethe: A Very Short Introduction. 7029:"Johann Wolfgang von Goethe" 7009: 6969:Mendelssohn – A Life in Music 6279:. Simon&Schuster. p. 607. 5925:. Bonn: Inter Nationes, 1981 p. 82 5474:Frank Teichmann (tr. Jon McAlice) 5397: 5163:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 9. 3973:Cowell, Alan (21 September 1997). 3954:from the original on 17 April 2021 3934:(1). University of Chicago: 1–37. 3697:[ˈjoːhanˈvɔlfɡaŋfɔnˈɡøːtə] 2385:called it "analogie", was used by 2321: 1990:Wilhelm Meister's Journeyman Years 1573:introduced him to the 12-year-old 965:, who would later reappear in his 758:in Frankfurt (Großer Hirschgraben) 339:5, including 4 who died young and 14: 14938: 14902:Theorists on Western civilization 12097:Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick 7160: 6921:from the original on 4 April 2023 6744:from the original on 18 June 2022 6353:German Idealism as Constructivism 6058:. NY: Macmillan Palgrave. p. 152. 5941:; Simpson, Patricia Anne (2013). 5534:from the original on 4 April 2023 5334:from the original on 7 April 2022 5202:from the original on 25 June 2010 5122:from the original on 18 July 2021 5069:from the original on 18 July 2021 4919:Journal der Practischen Heilkunde 4892:Journal der Practischen Heilkunde 4576:from the original on 22 July 2022 4562:The New York Review of Books 2022 4537:from the original on 29 July 2022 4376:. Christian Wegner Verlag. p. 589 4008:The Essays of Arthur Schopenahuer 3895:from the original on 29 July 2022 3808:(3rd ed.). Pearson Longman. 2724:years. In 1819, he published his 2454:using a principle established by 2237:Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein 1842:Anna Elizabeth Goethe (1724–1755) 1418:at the border to the short-lived 1414:A Goethe watercolour depicting a 1354:Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein 14837:German philosophers of education 14672:19th-century German philosophers 14657:19th-century German male writers 14607:18th-century German philosophers 14597:18th-century German male writers 14528: 14515: 14514: 13176:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 11867:Early New High German literature 11770: 11769: 10536: 10535: 7790:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 7456: 7455: 7389: 7169: 7128:Oxford: Oxford University Press. 7088:Goethe's Allegories of Identity. 7081:Goethe: A Critical Introduction. 6894: 6845: 6830: 6815: 6756: 6711: 6656: 6623: 6608: 6573: 6558: 6543: 6510: 6497: 6467: 6437: 6407: 6373: 6343: 6313: 6283: 6268: 6243: 6180: 6149: 6116:Peter Eckermann, Johann (1901). 6109: 6094: 6079: 6068:Eckermann, Johann Peter (1901). 6061: 6048: 6001: 5988: 5958: 5949: 5756:Goethe, Johann Wolfgang (1976). 5263:Wigmore, Richard (2 July 2012). 5037:"Schiller and Goethe's 'Egmont'" 3806:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary 3631: 3593: 3497: 3483: 3469: 3052:(1826), "Faust's Curse" (1830), 3046:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 2906:, and epic. He would argue that 2891:, Goethe and Spinoza, Plato and 2863:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 2316:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 2194:, as well as symphonic works by 1995:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 1953:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 1877: 1860:Johann Caspar Goethe (1737–1742) 1837:Children of Hermann Jakob Goethe 1595:(Op. 27, 1828), and the cantata 1228:until a 1774 fire had destroyed 923:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 670:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 618:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 424: 263:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship 14907:University of Strasbourg alumni 14847:German philosophers of language 14762:German male non-fiction writers 8143: 8026:Goethe Society of North America 6994:. University of Chicago Press. 6703:Röder-Bolton, Gerlinde (1998). 6414:Murphy, Tim (18 October 2001). 6120:. M.W. Dunne. pp. 317–319. 5915: 5900: 5872: 5863: 5839: 5824: 5803: 5737: 5717: 5696: 5674: 5648: 5622: 5593: 5568: 5546: 5507: 5492: 5468: 5434: 5406: 5391: 5346: 5287: 5256: 5233: 5214: 5177: 5150: 5102: 5081: 5028: 5011: 4998: 4984: 4956: 4936: 4879: 4845: 4834: 4823: 4798: 4749: 4731: 4701: 4673: 4653:Chamberlain, Alexander (1896). 4646: 4619: 4588: 4549: 4493: 4467: 4449: 4436: 4416:Robertson, John George (1911). 4409: 4396: 4385:Mandelkow, Karl Robert (1962). 4379: 4368:Mandelkow, Karl Robert (1962). 4346: 4333: 4320: 4290: 4274: 4258: 4249: 4232: 4217: 4192: 4166: 4128: 4113: 4076: 4066: 4056: 4047: 4037: 4027: 4015:from the original on 4 May 2015 3728: 3183:His views make him, along with 2660:, Goethe had "a kind of almost 1865:Children of Johann Georg Goethe 1527:both times meeting his admirer 984: 556:, and that formed the basis of 325: 14927:19th-century German historians 14872:Philosophers of social science 14862:German philosophers of science 14842:German philosophers of history 14832:German philosophers of culture 14792:Literacy and society theorists 14747:18th-century German historians 14290:Ernst Friedrich von Schlotheim 7079:Hatfield Henry Caraway. 1963. 6617:Benjamin Constant: A Biography 6103:Goethe and the Poets of Arabia 5187:. Pips Project. Archived from 4755:Briscoe, J. R. (Ed.). (2004). 4737:The encounter is described in 4172:Catharina was the daughter of 3966: 3849: 3784:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary 3771: 3711: 3585: 3357:Goethe: A Psychoanalytic Study 3215:would frame the question that 2487:In 1810, Goethe published his 2479:. Goethe observed that with a 2383:Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 2104:Die Leiden des jungen Werthers 2049:From My Life: Poetry and Truth 1925:Die Leiden des jungen Werthers 1901:, large German edition 51x38cm 1816:Descendants of Cornelia Goethe 1776: 1592:Calm Sea and Prosperous Voyage 1323:Affair of the Diamond Necklace 880:Cornelia Friederica Christiana 1: 14882:German political philosophers 14667:19th-century German novelists 14647:19th-century German diplomats 14632:19th-century German essayists 14627:19th-century German educators 14602:18th-century German novelists 14577:18th-century German educators 14499:Illuminati in popular culture 14118:Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Hesse 13778:Johann Joachim Christoph Bode 13220:Mignon Desires her Fatherland 11862:Middle High German literature 10506:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog 7038:. Vol. X (9th ed.). 6944:Mercer-Taylor, Peter (2000). 6886:Fellows, Otis Edward (1981). 6718:Wagner, Albert Malte (1939). 6569:. Pantheon. pp. 132–133. 6517:Friedenthal, Richard (2010). 6474:Bishop, Paul (13 July 2020). 6417:Nietzsche, Metaphor, Religion 5746:; edited by Alice A. Kuzniar. 5330:(1st ed.). John Murray. 5160:Sanskrit Drama in Performance 5087:Lamport, Francis John. 1990. 4852:Müller, Karl Wilhelm (1832). 4238:Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. 3927:The Journal of Modern History 3759: 3159: 2827:Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 2626:Goethe on a 1999 German stamp 2436:Story of My Botanical Studies 2399:Samuel Thomas von Soemmerring 1654: 1514: 1316:Goethe's residence and museum 1279:as part of these activities. 1195: 1009:Christian Fürchtegott Gellert 746: 611:, historian, and philosopher 14360:François-Charles de Velbrück 14304:Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring 13323:The Sorrows of Young Werther 12148:Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock 10813: 10699:Liberté, égalité, fraternité 8041:Goethe in the Roman Campagna 7781:The Sorrows of Young Werther 7367:Choral Public Domain Library 7326:Poems of Goethe set to music 6519:Goethe: His Life & Times 6350:Rockmore, Tom (3 May 2016). 6086:Selth, Jefferson P. (1997). 6056:Dialogue Among Civilizations 5295:"Johann Wolfgang von Goethe" 5035:Sharpe, Lesley (July 1982). 4795:, pp. 188–190, 269–270. 4632:. Harvard University Press. 4506:"Stein, Charlotte von" 4109:. SOCEC&CO. p. 136. 3764: 3372:Goethe: The Poet and the Age 3268:Goethe: The History of a Man 3119:Memory of the World Register 2968:tragedy/drama, often called 2772: 2574: 2450:Goethe also popularized the 2288:Das also war des Pudels Kern 2232:Goethe in the Roman Campagna 2132:Goethe explained his use of 2109:The Sorrows of Young Werther 1919:The Sorrows of Young Werther 1888:The Sorrows of Young Werther 1501:Walther, Freiherr von Goethe 1426:in which Goethe participated 1216:in 1815. The Duke's mother, 1206:The Sorrows of Young Werther 1166:(1753–1828) and her fiancé, 1159:The Sorrows of Young Werther 1086:On a trip to the village of 910:Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock 537:The Sorrows of Young Werther 530:Goethe took up residence in 256:The Sorrows of Young Werther 108:Poet, novelist, playwright, 7: 14852:Philosophers of linguistics 14687:19th-century travel writers 14622:18th-century travel writers 14269:Christian Gotthilf Salzmann 14220:Christoph Friedrich Nicolai 14167:Daniel Gotthilf Moldenhawer 13897:Johann Georg Heinrich Feder 13729:Aloys Basselet von La Rosée 13389:The New Sorrows of Young W. 13196:Nur wer die Sehnsucht kennt 13090:Adelbert von Chamisso Prize 12225:Annette von Droste-Hülshoff 12153:Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz 10668: 7560:Nur wer die Sehnsucht kennt 7388:(public domain audiobooks) 6638:. Madison and Teaneck, NJ: 6565:Merseburger, Peter (2013). 6554:. CUP Archive. p. 100. 6320:Dahlin, Bo (22 June 2017). 6250:Schüttler, Hermann (1991). 6187:Richards, David B. (1979). 6101:Mommsen, Katharina (2014). 6072:. M.W. Dunne. p. 320. 5503:. München: F. Bruckmann KG. 4744:Decisive Moments in History 4687:(in German). Insel Verlag. 4626:Safranski, Rüdiger (1990). 3462: 3399:Essays on German Literature 1905: 1873:Heinrich Goethe (1747–1791) 1477:(1725–1786), and their son 1291:Goethe, age 38, painted by 1273:primary residence in Weimar 1257:chancellor of the Exchequer 442:Chancellor of the Exchequer 10: 14943: 14857:Philosophers of literature 14827:German philosophers of art 14697:Enlightenment philosophers 14562:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 14248:Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi 14104:Franz Michael Leuchsenring 14090:Christian Gottfried Körner 14027:Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland 14006:August Adolph von Hennings 13992:Karl August von Hardenberg 13971:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 13869:Christian Wilhelm von Dohm 13452:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 13328:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 13181:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 12275:Christian Friedrich Hebbel 12230:Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach 12165:(Friedrich von Hardenberg) 12133:Johann Christoph Gottsched 12128:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 12077:Johann Michael Moscherosch 11999:Walther von der Vogelweide 11953:Reformation era literature 11857:Old High German literature 11818:German-language literature 10594: 10423:Coleridge's theory of life 7924:Catharina Elisabeth Goethe 7437:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 7321:Poems Found in Translation 7132:Santayana, George (1910). 7124:Robertson, Ritchie. 2016. 7072:Von Gronicka, Andrè. 1985 6986:Unseld, Siegfried (1996). 6937: 6822:Richter, Simon J. (2007). 6420:. SUNY Press. p. 53. 6208:Eighteenth-Century Studies 5042:The Modern Language Review 4909:Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland 4391:Briefe der Jahre 1764–1786 4374:Briefe der Jahre 1764–1786 3838:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 3719:UNESCO World Heritage Site 3455: 3320:, ed. by Berthold Biermann 3290:Goethe: His Life and Times 3227:was heavily influenced by 2990:built a theatre named the 2462:, London, Boston, Vienna, 2325: 1854:Joachim Goethe (1732–1733) 1537:Kaspar Maria von Sternberg 1473:and daughter of archivist 1334:Johann Joachim Winckelmann 1320: 876:Catharina Elisabeth Textor 544:that had already included 511:include plays, poetry and 493:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 359:Catharina Elisabeth Textor 42:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 18: 14867:Philosophers of sexuality 14787:Leipzig University alumni 14677:19th-century German poets 14612:18th-century German poets 14508: 14428:Rite of Strict Observance 14412: 14325:Anton Matthias Sprickmann 14318:Ludwig Timotheus Spittler 14241:Christian Adolph Overbeck 14204: 14195:Johann Karl August Musäus 14048:Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi 13941: 13750:Johann Joachim Bellermann 13685: 13681: 13674: 13585: 13520: 13501: 13458: 13380: 13361: 13334: 13269: 13228:None but the Lonely Heart 13205: 13187: 13141: 13065: 12982: 12784: 12373: 12192: 12179:Johann Gottfried Schnabel 12118:Barthold Heinrich Brockes 12110: 12039: 11961: 11920: 11824: 11756: 11710: 11612: 11569: 11548: 11495: 11464: 11448: 11395: 11329: 11281: 11245: 11212: 11131: 11090: 10934: 10823: 10819: 10808: 10713:Methodological skepticism 10604: 10600: 10589: 10515: 10478:Romanticism and economics 10415: 10307: 10054: 9876: 9821: 9790: 9714: 9663: 9612: 9571: 9480: 9424: 9388: 9342: 9333: 9178: 9122: 9071: 9030: 8989: 8943: 8885: 8755: 8634: 8556: 8493:Manuel Antônio de Almeida 8475: 8466: 8352: 8220: 8151: 7907: 7887: 7858: 7838: 7809: 7755: 7624: 7583:The Sorcerer's Apprentice 7470: 7443: 6990:Goethe and His Publishers 6866:Roach, Joseph R. (1993). 6783:Understanding Thomas Mann 6781:Mundt, Hannelore (2004). 6619:. Routledge. p. 185. 6539:. I.B. Tauris. p. 4. 6118:Conversations with Goethe 6070:Conversations with Goethe 5744:Outing Goethe and His Age 5369:10.1007/s00429-003-0366-x 4595:Desmond, Will D. (2020). 4404:Goethe and his Publishers 4304:. Uni-duisburg-essen.de. 3342:Goethe and his Publishers 3308:Conversations with Goethe 3009: 2703:, an ancient sect of the 2509:J. M. W. Turner 2344:Conversations with Goethe 2095:Details of selected works 2066:Goethe was fascinated by 1747:Conversations with Goethe 1603:The First Walpurgis Night 1405: 707:Conversations with Goethe 486: 482: 478: 470: 462: 451: 440: 436: 432: 423: 418: 367: 346: 335: 307: 240: 232: 204: 145: 124: 116: 104: 84: 62: 47: 34: 14782:German untitled nobility 14367:Franz Michael Vierthaler 14353:Johann Nepomuk von Triva 14276:Friedrich Schlichtegroll 14174:Maximilian von Montgelas 14076:Johann Friedrich Kleuker 13834:Hieronymus von Colloredo 13743:Rudolph Zacharias Becker 13694:Jacob Friedrich von Abel 12771:Fritz Zorn (Fritz Angst) 12184:Christoph Martin Wieland 12158:Gotthold Ephraim Lessing 12138:Johann Christian Günther 12019:Gottfried von Strassburg 11852:History of Liechtenstein 8258:German historical school 8063:(1939 Thomas Mann novel) 8000:Goethe–Schiller Monument 7992:Goethe Monument (Berlin) 7978:Goethe House (Frankfurt) 7717:The Magic Flute Part Two 7493:Die erste Walpurgisnacht 7042:Calder, Angus (1983), '" 7019:Oxford: Clarendon Press. 6901:Seifer, Marc J. (1998). 6767:. Routledge. p. 34. 6634:The Carlyle Encyclopedia 6580:Ferber, Michael (2008). 6535:Broers, Michael (2014). 6444:Luft, Sebastian (2015). 6326:. Springer. p. 45. 5879:Thompson, James (1895). 5554:On Sense and its Objects 4913:Hufeland, C. W. (1833). 4709:"Ulrika von Levetzowová" 3578: 3451: 3019:Sorrows of Young Werther 2379:transmutation of species 2373:influenced 19th-century 2140:The next work, his epic 2088:Goethe–Schiller Monument 2041:), his autobiographical 1759:The first production of 1744:closes his famous work, 1677:According to his doctor 1639:In 1832, Goethe died in 1622: 1598:Die erste Walpurgisnacht 1569:In 1821 Goethe's friend 1475:Johann Friedrich Vulpius 1327:Goethe's journey to the 1282: 1168:Johann Christian Kestner 1112:", date to this period. 1058:University of Strasbourg 1029:Christoph Martin Wieland 1025:Gotthold Ephraim Lessing 1013:Anna Katharina Schönkopf 870:. Though he had studied 554:Christoph Martin Wieland 383:Christian August Vulpius 137:University of Strasbourg 14682:19th-century historians 14617:18th-century historians 14388:Lorenz von Westenrieder 14374:Wilderich of Walderdorf 14213:Christian Gottlob Neefe 14146:August Gottlieb Meißner 14013:Johann Gottfried Herder 13985:Johann Casimir Häffelin 13862:Johann Georg von Dillis 13658:Congress of Wilhelmsbad 13579:Order of the Illuminati 13483:The Elective Affinities 13115:Leipzig Book Fair Prize 13075:Ingeborg Bachmann Prize 12997:Rudolf Christoph Eucken 12009:Albrecht von Johansdorf 11943:Swiss writers in German 8905:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski 7868:Metamorphosis of Plants 7117:Encyclopædia Britannica 7106:Phillips, Walter Alison 7035:Encyclopædia Britannica 6967:Todd, R. Larry (2003). 6948:The Life of Mendelssohn 6707:. Rodopi. pp. 3–8. 6550:Swales, Martin (1987). 6291:"Goethite Mineral Data" 6156:Gemünden, Gerd (1998). 5630:"Goethe's Color Theory" 5600:Goethe, Johann (1810). 5501:Goethe als Gartenfreund 5444:Metamorphosis of Plants 5418:. Library of Congress. 5115:Encyclopædia Britannica 4805:Spencer, Hanna (1982). 4603:Oxford University Press 4512:Encyclopædia Britannica 4429:Encyclopædia Britannica 4302:by University Duisburg" 3861:knarf.english.upenn.edu 3843:Encyclopædia Britannica 3395:, by Louis Pagel, 1883. 3335:by E. M. Wilkinson and 3333:Goethe Poet and Thinker 3253:Books related to Goethe 3236:rotating magnetic field 3178:interprète de la nature 2809:. He was fascinated by 2710:August Wilhelm Schlegel 2431:Metamorphosis of Plants 2258:(who idolised Goethe), 2215:complete production of 2125:, suicides were denied 1688:, his last words were, 1531:, who had set music to 1275:for the next 50 years. 1097:Willkommen und Abschied 1069:Johann Gottfried Herder 741: 664:The German philosopher 639:Johann Gottfried Herder 600:Metamorphosis of Plants 21:Goethe (disambiguation) 14917:Writers from Frankfurt 14887:Scientists from Weimar 14722:German autobiographers 14582:18th-century essayists 14442:Enlightened absolutism 14283:Johann Georg Schlosser 14255:Karl Leonhard Reinhold 14111:Justus Christian Loder 14069:Martin Gottlieb Klauer 14020:Andreas Joseph Hofmann 13999:Lorenz Leopold Haschka 13876:Karl von Eckartshausen 13806:Joachim Heinrich Campe 13624:Freemasonry in Germany 12330:Conrad Ferdinand Meyer 12235:Joseph von Eichendorff 12004:Wolfram von Eschenbach 11847:History of Switzerland 10763: 10697: 10663:Enlightened absolutism 10654: 10488:Romanticism in science 10443:Middle Ages in history 10438:List of Romantic poets 9150:Josiah Gilbert Holland 7102:Robertson, John George 7093:Maertz Gregory. 2017. 6763:Connell, W.F. (2002). 6602:Romantic Prose Fiction 6505:The Portable Nietzsche 6503:Nietzsche, Friedrich: 5575:Bockemuhl, M. (1991). 5499:Balzer, Georg (1966). 5356:Anatomy and Embryology 4928: 4901: 4531:Klassik Siftung Weimar 4527:"The Goethe Residence" 4479:9 January 2017 at the 4343:, Hamburg 1968, p. 571 4183:(1693–1771), sheriff ( 4174:Johann Wolfgang Textor 4135:Elgenstierna, Gustaf. 4120:Triest, Felix (1865). 4105:Rosetti, Radu (1907). 3573:Hanseatic Goethe Prize 3557:Awards named after him 3403:Hjalmar Hjorth Boyesen 3313:Johann Peter Eckermann 3292:by Richard Friedenthal 3165: 3158:, and Goethe in Jena, 3141: 3080: 2971: 2961: 2949: 2789: 2770: 2689:1755 Lisbon earthquake 2680: 2650:Protestant Reformation 2627: 2536:opponent colour theory 2484: 2445: 2389:as strong evidence of 2358: 2348: 2299: 2293: 2287: 2269: 2239: 2091: 1924: 1902: 1890: 1757: 1737:Aftermath of his death 1718: 1708: 1691: 1670: 1661: 1636: 1631:Coffins of Goethe and 1587: 1547: 1511: 1492: 1427: 1318: 1308: 1296: 1201: 1172:Karl Wilhelm Jerusalem 1108: 1102: 1096: 1003:Goethe studied law at 1000: 955: 838:Friedrich Georg Goethe 836:Goethe's grandfather, 759: 702:Johann Peter Eckermann 643:Alexander von Humboldt 635:Johann Gottlieb Fichte 391:Johann Georg Schlosser 224:Romanticism in science 66:Johann Wolfgang Goethe 14777:German travel writers 14767:German male novelists 14637:German male essayists 14346:Gottfried van Swieten 14311:Joseph von Sonnenfels 14055:Karl von Hesse-Kassel 13722:Karl Friedrich Bahrdt 13605:Liberalism in Germany 12646:Christian Morgenstern 12531:Hugo von Hofmannsthal 12436:Rolf Dieter Brinkmann 12220:Adelbert von Chamisso 12014:Heinrich von Morungen 11938:Liechtenstein writers 10629:Counter-Enlightenment 10458:Romantic epistemology 10448:Opium and Romanticism 9017:Stojadinović-Srpkinja 8243:Counter-Enlightenment 8102:Pied Piper of Hamelin 7962:Goethe House (Weimar) 7819:Dichtung und Wahrheit 7699:Götz von Berlichingen 6615:Wood, Dennis (2002). 6537:Europe Under Napoleon 6221:10.1353/ecs.2000.0002 6054:Dallmayr, F. (2002). 6026:10.1353/mln.2004.0111 6008:Jolle, Jonas (2004). 5994:Jolle, Jonas (2004). 5970:The LiederNet Archive 5906:Friedrich Nietzsche, 5704:"Goethe's World View" 5481:23 April 2013 at the 5324:Darwin, C.R. (1859). 4944:Froude, James Anthony 4783:, pp. 41–42, 93. 4681:Gersdorff, Dagmar von 4446:2 (January): 367–374. 4226:The Library Quarterly 3146: 3136: 3078: 3000:are still performed. 2955: 2944: 2861:cited Goethe's novel 2780: 2765: 2735:. At the time of the 2674: 2631:Religion and politics 2625: 2601:seduce a teenage girl 2500:On Vision and Colours 2473:Light spectrum, from 2472: 2440: 2366:17,800 rock samples. 2353: 2331: 2300:Grau ist alle Theorie 2229: 2086: 1993:(the continuation of 1956:and wrote the dramas 1913:Götz von Berlichingen 1896: 1885: 1752: 1750:, with this passage: 1630: 1583: 1571:Carl Friedrich Zelter 1545: 1509: 1487: 1413: 1362:Alessandro Cagliostro 1338:art of ancient Greece 1314: 1302: 1290: 1193: 1186:Early years in Weimar 1146:Götz von Berlichingen 1130:Johann Heinrich Merck 1079:and in the notion of 992: 974:Dichtung und Wahrheit 931: 809:can also be found in 754: 678:work of the same name 25:Gote (disambiguation) 14812:Natural philosophers 14395:Franz Xaver von Zach 14153:Ludwig August Mellin 13757:Johann Erich Biester 13594:Age of Enlightenment 13536:The Nemesis of Faith 13351:Young Goethe in Love 13343:The Novel of Werther 13230:" (Tchaikovsky song) 13105:Heinrich Heine Prize 12671:Erich Maria Remarque 12641:Friederike Mayröcker 12476:Friedrich Dürrenmatt 10583:Age of Enlightenment 10522:Age of Enlightenment 8164:England (literature) 8093:Young Goethe in Love 8051:Goethe at the Window 8012:Monument (Milwaukee) 7897:Gespräche mit Goethe 7727:The Natural Daughter 7605:West–östlicher Divan 7597:Wanderer's Nightsong 7590:Welcome and Farewell 7538:Hermann and Dorothea 7190:improve this article 7063:Von Gronicka, André. 7015:Bell Matthew. 1994. 6275:Will Durant (1967). 5813:, Insel Verlag 1982 5299:The Nature Institute 5004:Ludwig, Emil (1928) 4886:Vogel, Carl (1833). 3514:Young Goethe in Love 3389:, by Carl Hammer Jr. 3324:Goethe: Four Studies 3193:Ludwig van Beethoven 3156:Wilhelm von Humboldt 3091:, convened to draft 2750:Heidelberg Romantics 2726:West–östlicher Divan 2527:rational description 2356:Gerhard von Kügelgen 2016:The Natural Daughter 2013:and the verse drama 2004:Hermann and Dorothea 1959:Iphigenie auf Tauris 1798:Johann August Streng 1529:Ludwig van Beethoven 1497:Ottilie von Pogwisch 1471:Christian A. Vulpius 1444:Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach 1436:revolutionary France 1141:German Peasants' War 852:Johann Caspar Goethe 647:Wilhelm von Humboldt 624:Hermann and Dorothea 446:Duchy of Saxe-Weimar 354:Johann Caspar Goethe 298:West–östlicher Divan 99:Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach 14922:Writers from Weimar 14727:German bibliophiles 14717:Freethought writers 14181:Johannes von Müller 13827:Philipp von Cobenzl 13813:Christian Cannabich 13785:Johann Michael Böck 13510:Elective Affinities 13467:Elective Affinities 13447:Elective Affinities 13136:Associated subjects 13085:Sigmund Freud Prize 13080:Georg Büchner Prize 12894:Emine Sevgi Özdamar 12606:Else Lasker-Schüler 12471:Heimito von Doderer 12315:Heinrich von Kleist 12305:Friedrich Hölderlin 12143:Friedrich Hölderlin 11989:Reinmar von Hagenau 11902:Austrian literature 11589:Feijóo y Montenegro 11540:Vorontsova-Dashkova 10473:Romantic psychology 8268:Hudson River School 8212:Sweden (literature) 8197:Russia (literature) 7985:Goethe-Gesellschaft 7765:Elective Affinities 7720:(libretto fragment) 7708:Iphigenia in Tauris 7522:Harzreise im Winter 7461:Cultural depictions 7338:Electronic editions 7266:(10 February 2000). 7202:footnote references 5727:, RSCP California. 5662:on 10 November 2011 5610:on 16 December 2021 5520:. Clarendon Press. 5485:first published in 5021:Iphigenia in Tauris 4685:Goethes späte Liebe 4463:. pp. 224–225. 3743:La Nouvelle Héloïse 3383:, by Angus Nicholls 3344:by Siegfried Unseld 3240:alternating current 3209:Ralph Waldo Emerson 2975:Drama der Deutschen 2874:La Nouvelle Héloïse 2839:Friedrich Nietzsche 2831:Arthur Schopenhauer 2761:Bavarian Illuminati 2741:American Revolution 2559:Goethe's World View 2513:Ludwig Wittgenstein 2403:intermaxillary bone 2206:. Faust became the 2078:Sanskrit literature 2073:Abhijñānaśākuntalam 2028:Elective Affinities 1964:Iphigenia in Tauris 1649:Historical Cemetery 1552:Ulrike von Levetzow 1510:Ulrike von Levetzow 1245:Charlotte von Stein 1218:Duchess Anna Amalia 1212:, who later became 1073:William Shakespeare 935:five books of Moses 790:Gheorghe Ghibănescu 756:Goethe's birthplace 674:Ralph Waldo Emerson 666:Arthur Schopenhauer 542:Duchess Anna Amalia 513:aesthetic criticism 270:Elective Affinities 172:aesthetic criticism 110:natural philosopher 80:, Holy Roman Empire 56:Joseph Karl Stieler 54:Goethe in 1828, by 14877:Philosophy writers 14822:People from Weimar 14797:Literary theorists 14535:Society portal 14097:Karl Heinrich Lang 13491:Sometime in August 13403:Sorrows of Werther 13381:Related literature 13095:Hans Fallada Prize 12676:Rainer Maria Rilke 12596:Siegfried Kracauer 12486:Marieluise Fleißer 12401:Johannes R. Becher 12280:Johann Peter Hebel 12174:Friedrich Schiller 11921:Related categories 11842:History of Austria 11837:History of Germany 10728:Natural philosophy 8458:White Mountain art 8399:Historical fiction 8207:Spain (literature) 7546:Der König in Thule 7287:Linda Hall Library 7154:Goethe the Thinker 6824:Goethe Yearbook 14 6752:– via JSTOR. 5939:Krimmer, Elisabeth 5489:, Urachhaus (1989) 5196:"Ophelia's Burial" 5191:on 6 October 2007. 5147:(Vol. 1). G. Bell. 4781:Mercer-Taylor 2000 4352:Valerian Tornius: 3979:The New York Times 3787:. Merriam-Webster. 3263:George Henry Lewes 3259:The Life of Goethe 3166: 3132:Scientific Studies 3093:a new constitution 3081: 3062:George Henry Lewes 3010:Vous êtes un homme 2962: 2950: 2813:, and the mineral 2801:and early work on 2790: 2681: 2677:Ferdinand Jagemann 2628: 2485: 2381:. Homology, or as 2359: 2240: 2219:was staged at the 2123:Christian doctrine 2092: 2034:West-Eastern Diwan 1950:in 1794, he began 1903: 1891: 1637: 1548: 1512: 1467:Christiane Vulpius 1459:Friedrich Schiller 1428: 1319: 1309: 1297: 1202: 1103:Sesenheimer Lieder 1041:Johann Georg Faust 1039:and its legend of 1005:Leipzig University 1001: 937:, and then of the 864:free imperial city 760: 686:Emanuel Swedenborg 655:Friedrich Schlegel 613:Friedrich Schiller 588:University of Jena 407:Walther von Goethe 399:Ottilie von Goethe 375:Cornelia Schlosser 314:Christiane Vulpius 291:Italienische Reise 132:Leipzig University 14772:German male poets 14752:German librarians 14742:German Freemasons 14549: 14548: 14543: 14542: 14449:Weimar Classicism 14408: 14407: 14404: 14403: 14139:Christoph Meiners 14034:Gottlieb Hufeland 13883:Rudolf Eickemeyer 13646:French Revolution 13545: 13544: 13412: 13411: 13288: 13287: 13128: 13127: 13120:Nelly Sachs Prize 13007:Gerhart Hauptmann 12964:Wolf Wondratschek 12889:Sharon Dodua Otoo 12726:Berta von Suttner 12701:Arthur Schnitzler 12691:Ernst von Salomon 12481:Lion Feuchtwanger 12386:Ingeborg Bachmann 12300:E. T. A. Hoffmann 12270:Gerhart Hauptmann 12255:Franz Grillparzer 12250:Jeremias Gotthelf 12200:Bettina von Arnim 12123:Christian Gellert 12024:Dietrich von Bern 11979:Der von Kürenberg 11877:Weimar Classicism 11784: 11783: 11752: 11751: 11748: 11747: 10804: 10803: 10800: 10799: 10777:Scientific method 10634:Critical thinking 10549: 10548: 10463:Romantic medicine 10433:List of romantics 9872: 9871: 9523:Felix Mendelssohn 9518:Fanny Mendelssohn 9329: 9328: 9043:Rosalía de Castro 8981:Soares dos Passos 8329:Transcendentalism 8293:Nazarene movement 8253:Düsseldorf School 8111: 8110: 8053:(1786/7 painting) 7939:Weimar Classicism 7916:Christine Vulpius 7877:Theory of Colours 7634:Der Bürgergeneral 7348:Project Gutenberg 7317:Goethe in English 7230: 7229: 7222: 6978:978-0-19-511043-2 6959:978-0-521-63972-9 6914:978-0-8065-1960-9 6487:978-1-63051-860-8 6457:978-0-19-873884-8 6427:978-0-7914-5087-1 6396:978-1-78348-326-6 6383:(29 April 2015). 6363:978-0-226-34990-9 6333:978-3-319-58907-7 6261:978-3-89391-018-2 5966:"Mahomets Gesang" 5909:The Will to Power 5895:Venetian Epigrams 5882:Venetian Epigrams 5819:978-3-458-14013-9 5733:978-0-916786-37-3 5586:978-3-8228-6325-1 5579:. Taschen, Koln. 5527:978-0-19-927267-9 5454:978-1-4179-4984-7 5252:978-0-510-00087-5 5248:978-0-510-00087-5 5170:978-81-208-0772-3 4865:978-3-598-50924-7 4694:978-3-458-19265-7 4639:978-0-674-79275-3 4612:978-0-19-257574-6 4598:Hegel's Antiquity 4457:Hume Brown, Peter 4444:Library Quarterly 4300:Shakespeare's Day 3815:978-1-4058-8118-0 3551:Goethe University 3491:Philosophy portal 3420:978-3-17-019121-1 3412:Kohlhammer Verlag 3408:Goethe-Wörterbuch 3328:Albert Schweitzer 3247:Goethe University 3207:Thinkers such as 3089:national assembly 3035:Benjamin Constant 3025:Germaine de Staël 2855:Weimar Classicism 2835:Søren Kierkegaard 2737:French Revolution 2666:trusting fatalism 2605:Venetian Epigrams 2593:Venetian Epigrams 2518:Remarks on Colour 2490:Theory of Colours 2476:Theory of Colours 2395:laws of variation 1886:First edition of 1605:, Op. 60, 1832). 1575:Felix Mendelssohn 1564:Maria Szymanowska 1481:. On 13 October, 1479:August von Goethe 1438:, assisting Duke 1420:Republic of Mainz 1350:Angelica Kauffman 1329:Italian peninsula 1293:Angelica Kauffman 1033:Die Mitschuldigen 868:Holy Roman Empire 850:Goethe's father, 659:Weimar Classicism 621:; the verse epic 605:theatre at Weimar 558:Weimar Classicism 490: 489: 474: 466: 411: 403: 402:(daughter-in-law) 395: 387: 379: 341:August von Goethe 233:Years active 219:Weimar Classicism 205:Literary movement 14934: 14737:German ethicists 14732:German diplomats 14692:Color scientists 14533: 14532: 14524: 14518: 14517: 14501: 14494: 14487: 14479:Augustin Barruel 14474: 14467: 14465:Anti-Catholicism 14460: 14451: 14444: 14437: 14430: 14423: 14397: 14390: 14383: 14376: 14369: 14362: 14355: 14348: 14341: 14339:Maximilian Stoll 14334: 14327: 14320: 14313: 14306: 14299: 14297:Nikolaus Simrock 14292: 14285: 14278: 14271: 14264: 14262:Franz Anton Ries 14257: 14250: 14243: 14236: 14229: 14222: 14215: 14197: 14190: 14188:Friedrich Münter 14183: 14176: 14169: 14162: 14155: 14148: 14141: 14134: 14127: 14120: 14113: 14106: 14099: 14092: 14085: 14078: 14071: 14064: 14057: 14050: 14043: 14036: 14029: 14022: 14015: 14008: 14001: 13994: 13987: 13980: 13973: 13966: 13959: 13957:Friedrich Gedike 13952: 13934: 13927: 13920: 13913: 13906: 13899: 13892: 13885: 13878: 13871: 13864: 13857: 13850: 13843: 13836: 13829: 13822: 13815: 13808: 13801: 13794: 13787: 13780: 13773: 13771:Johann von Böber 13766: 13759: 13752: 13745: 13738: 13731: 13724: 13717: 13710: 13703: 13701:Franz von Albini 13696: 13683: 13682: 13679: 13678: 13667: 13660: 13653: 13641: 13634: 13632:Anti-clericalism 13627: 13615: 13608: 13596: 13572: 13565: 13558: 13549: 13548: 13439: 13432: 13425: 13416: 13415: 13315: 13308: 13301: 13292: 13291: 13215:(Schubert songs) 13168: 13161: 13154: 13145: 13144: 13132: 13131: 13047:Elfriede Jelinek 12969:Feridun Zaimoğlu 12959:Peter Wawerzinek 12904:Julya Rabinowich 12864:Christian Kracht 12839:Wladimir Kaminer 12829:Elfriede Jelinek 12591:Egon Erwin Kisch 12536:Ödön von Horváth 12516:Marlen Haushofer 12350:Adalbert Stifter 12310:Gottfried Keller 12210:Clemens Brentano 12092:Angelus Silesius 12067:Andreas Gryphius 11994:Hartmann von Aue 11984:Dietmar von Aist 11928:Austrian writers 11907:Swiss literature 11887:Literary realism 11825:Related articles 11811: 11804: 11797: 11788: 11787: 11773: 11772: 10821: 10820: 10810: 10809: 10768: 10702: 10673: 10659: 10602: 10601: 10591: 10590: 10576: 10569: 10562: 10553: 10552: 10539: 10538: 10498:Evolution theory 9340: 9339: 8473: 8472: 8334:Ukrainian school 8138: 8131: 8124: 8115: 8114: 8104: 8097: 8087: 8075: 8065: 8055: 8045: 8035: 8028: 8021: 8014: 8004: 7994: 7987: 7980: 7971: 7964: 7955: 7948: 7941: 7934: 7932:Goethean science 7927: 7919: 7900: 7880: 7871: 7859:Natural sciences 7851: 7831: 7822: 7810:Autobiographical 7802: 7793: 7784: 7775: 7768: 7748: 7739: 7730: 7721: 7711: 7702: 7693: 7690:Erwin und Elmire 7684: 7673: 7664: 7655: 7646: 7637: 7617: 7608: 7599: 7592: 7585: 7578: 7569: 7562: 7555: 7548: 7541: 7532: 7525: 7516: 7509: 7502: 7495: 7488: 7481: 7463: 7459: 7458: 7451: 7430: 7423: 7416: 7407: 7406: 7393: 7392: 7377:Internet Archive 7282: 7258:discussion with 7225: 7218: 7214: 7211: 7205: 7173: 7172: 7165: 7149: 7147: 7145: 7134:"Goethe's Faust" 7121: 7113: 7039: 7031: 7005: 6993: 6982: 6963: 6951: 6931: 6930: 6928: 6926: 6898: 6892: 6891: 6883: 6872: 6871: 6863: 6852: 6849: 6843: 6842: 6834: 6828: 6827: 6819: 6813: 6812: 6810: 6808: 6793: 6787: 6786: 6778: 6769: 6768: 6760: 6754: 6753: 6751: 6749: 6723: 6715: 6709: 6708: 6700: 6691: 6690: 6674: 6660: 6654: 6653: 6637: 6627: 6621: 6620: 6612: 6606: 6605: 6597: 6586: 6585: 6577: 6571: 6570: 6562: 6556: 6555: 6547: 6541: 6540: 6532: 6523: 6522: 6514: 6508: 6501: 6495: 6494: 6471: 6465: 6464: 6441: 6435: 6434: 6411: 6405: 6404: 6377: 6371: 6370: 6347: 6341: 6340: 6317: 6311: 6310: 6308: 6306: 6287: 6281: 6280: 6272: 6266: 6265: 6247: 6241: 6240: 6202: 6193: 6192: 6184: 6178: 6168: 6162: 6161: 6153: 6147: 6137: 6131: 6128: 6122: 6121: 6113: 6107: 6106: 6098: 6092: 6091: 6083: 6077: 6076: 6065: 6059: 6052: 6046: 6045: 6005: 5999: 5992: 5986: 5985: 5983: 5981: 5962: 5956: 5953: 5947: 5946: 5935: 5926: 5919: 5913: 5904: 5898: 5893: 5891: 5889: 5876: 5870: 5867: 5861: 5860: 5858: 5856: 5843: 5837: 5833:Modern Philology 5828: 5822: 5807: 5801: 5800: 5798: 5796: 5778: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5753: 5747: 5741: 5735: 5725:Frederick Hiebel 5721: 5715: 5714: 5712: 5710: 5700: 5694: 5693: 5691: 5689: 5678: 5672: 5671: 5669: 5667: 5658:. 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A. Willoughby 3238:and ultimately, 3189:Thomas Jefferson 3164: 3161: 3060:, whose partner 3012: 3011: 2977: 2958:Moritz Oppenheim 2697:Sulpiz Boisserée 2693:Seven Years' War 2551:phenomenological 2505:Charles Eastlake 2452:Goethe barometer 2354:Goethe in 1810. 2346: 2340:Johann Eckermann 2328:Goethean science 2302: 2296: 2290: 2272: 2127:Christian burial 2116:. The fact that 2101:epistolary novel 1927: 1806: 1721: 1711: 1694: 1687: 1673: 1664: 1469:, the sister of 1200: 1197: 1111: 1105: 1099: 1092:Friederike Brion 1037:Auerbachs Keller 994:Anna Katharina ( 912:(1724–1803) and 846: 817:, so a possible 472: 464: 456: 428: 409: 401: 394:(brother-in-law) 393: 386:(brother-in-law) 385: 377: 329: 327: 91: 74: 72: 52: 32: 31: 14942: 14941: 14937: 14936: 14935: 14933: 14932: 14931: 14897:Sturm und Drang 14552: 14551: 14550: 14545: 14544: 14539: 14527: 14512: 14504: 14497: 14490: 14477: 14470: 14463: 14457:Sturm und Drang 14454: 14447: 14440: 14433: 14426: 14419: 14400: 14393: 14386: 14379: 14372: 14365: 14358: 14351: 14344: 14337: 14330: 14323: 14316: 14309: 14302: 14295: 14288: 14281: 14274: 14267: 14260: 14253: 14246: 14239: 14232: 14225: 14218: 14211: 14200: 14193: 14186: 14179: 14172: 14165: 14158: 14151: 14144: 14137: 14130: 14125:Jakob Mauvillon 14123: 14116: 14109: 14102: 14095: 14088: 14081: 14074: 14067: 14060: 14053: 14046: 14039: 14032: 14025: 14018: 14011: 14004: 13997: 13990: 13983: 13976: 13969: 13962: 13955: 13950:Christian Garve 13948: 13937: 13930: 13923: 13916: 13909: 13902: 13895: 13888: 13881: 13874: 13867: 13860: 13853: 13846: 13839: 13832: 13825: 13818: 13811: 13804: 13797: 13790: 13783: 13776: 13769: 13762: 13755: 13748: 13741: 13734: 13727: 13720: 13713: 13706: 13699: 13692: 13670: 13663: 13656: 13644: 13637: 13630: 13618: 13611: 13599: 13592: 13581: 13576: 13546: 13541: 13516: 13513:(1933 painting) 13497: 13454: 13443: 13413: 13408: 13376: 13357: 13330: 13319: 13289: 13284: 13265: 13223:(1836 painting) 13201: 13183: 13172: 13137: 13129: 13124: 13068:literary awards 13067: 13066:German-language 13061: 12992:Theodor Mommsen 12985:Nobel laureates 12984: 12983:German-language 12978: 12924:Clemens J. Setz 12854:Alexander Kluge 12844:Daniel Kehlmann 12804:Jenny Erpenbeck 12786: 12780: 12751:Josef Weinheber 12711:Kurt Schwitters 12696:Paul Scheerbart 12411:Thomas Bernhard 12369: 12240:Theodor Fontane 12205:Achim von Arnim 12188: 12106: 12035: 11974:Courtly romance 11957: 11916: 11872:Sturm und Drang 11832:German language 11820: 11815: 11785: 11780: 11779: 11766: 11744: 11706: 11608: 11565: 11544: 11491: 11460: 11456:Carvalho e Melo 11444: 11391: 11325: 11277: 11241: 11208: 11127: 11086: 10930: 10815: 10796: 10782:Spanish America 10656:Encyclopédistes 10619:Civil liberties 10596: 10585: 10580: 10550: 10545: 10544: 10533: 10525: 10511: 10468:Romantic poetry 10453:Romantic ballet 10428:German idealism 10411: 10377:Lacoue-Labarthe 10303: 10050: 9868: 9817: 9786: 9767:Rimsky-Korsakov 9710: 9659: 9608: 9567: 9476: 9420: 9384: 9325: 9174: 9118: 9067: 9026: 8985: 8939: 8881: 8822:Maria Edgeworth 8758: 8751: 8630: 8552: 8462: 8441:Romantic genius 8371:Gesamtkunstwerk 8348: 8309:Sturm und Drang 8216: 8147: 8142: 8112: 8107: 8100: 8090: 8080: 8071:Lotte in Weimar 8068: 8061:Lotte in Weimar 8058: 8048: 8043:(1787 painting) 8038: 8031: 8024: 8017: 8010:Goethe–Schiller 8007: 7997: 7990: 7983: 7976: 7969:National Museum 7967: 7960: 7951: 7946:Goethe-Institut 7944: 7937: 7930: 7922: 7914: 7903: 7894: 7883: 7874: 7865: 7854: 7845: 7834: 7828:Italian Journey 7825: 7816: 7805: 7796: 7787: 7778: 7771: 7762: 7751: 7742: 7733: 7724: 7714: 7705: 7696: 7687: 7678: 7667: 7658: 7649: 7640: 7631: 7620: 7611: 7602: 7595: 7588: 7581: 7572: 7565: 7558: 7553:Marienbad Elegy 7551: 7544: 7535: 7528: 7519: 7512: 7505: 7498: 7491: 7484: 7477: 7466: 7454: 7447: 7439: 7434: 7401:Standard Ebooks 7390: 7340: 7295:Zur Farbenlehre 7271: 7226: 7215: 7209: 7206: 7187: 7178:This article's 7174: 7170: 7163: 7143: 7141: 7024:Browning, Oscar 7012: 7010:Further reading 7002: 6979: 6960: 6940: 6935: 6934: 6924: 6922: 6915: 6899: 6895: 6888:Diderot Studies 6884: 6875: 6864: 6855: 6850: 6846: 6835: 6831: 6820: 6816: 6806: 6804: 6795: 6794: 6790: 6779: 6772: 6761: 6757: 6747: 6745: 6716: 6712: 6701: 6694: 6687: 6661: 6657: 6650: 6642:. p. 200. 6628: 6624: 6613: 6609: 6598: 6589: 6578: 6574: 6563: 6559: 6548: 6544: 6533: 6526: 6515: 6511: 6502: 6498: 6488: 6472: 6468: 6458: 6442: 6438: 6428: 6412: 6408: 6397: 6381:Assiter, Alison 6378: 6374: 6364: 6348: 6344: 6334: 6318: 6314: 6304: 6302: 6289: 6288: 6284: 6273: 6269: 6262: 6248: 6244: 6203: 6196: 6185: 6181: 6169: 6165: 6154: 6150: 6138: 6134: 6129: 6125: 6114: 6110: 6099: 6095: 6084: 6080: 6066: 6062: 6053: 6049: 6006: 6002: 5993: 5989: 5979: 5977: 5964: 5963: 5959: 5954: 5950: 5936: 5929: 5920: 5916: 5905: 5901: 5887: 5885: 5877: 5873: 5869:Boyle 1992, 353 5868: 5864: 5854: 5852: 5844: 5840: 5829: 5825: 5808: 5804: 5794: 5792: 5779: 5775: 5765: 5763: 5754: 5750: 5742: 5738: 5722: 5718: 5708: 5706: 5702: 5701: 5697: 5687: 5685: 5680: 5679: 5675: 5665: 5663: 5654: 5653: 5649: 5639: 5637: 5628: 5627: 5623: 5613: 5611: 5598: 5594: 5587: 5573: 5569: 5551: 5547: 5537: 5535: 5528: 5512: 5508: 5497: 5493: 5483:Wayback Machine 5473: 5469: 5459: 5457: 5455: 5439: 5435: 5425: 5423: 5412: 5411: 5407: 5400:Italian Journey 5396: 5392: 5351: 5347: 5337: 5335: 5322: 5318: 5308: 5306: 5293: 5292: 5288: 5278: 5276: 5261: 5257: 5238: 5234: 5219: 5215: 5205: 5203: 5194: 5183: 5182: 5178: 5171: 5155: 5151: 5142: 5135: 5125: 5123: 5108: 5107: 5103: 5086: 5082: 5072: 5070: 5055:10.2307/3728071 5033: 5029: 5016: 5012: 5003: 4999: 4995:, 5th ed., 1954 4989: 4985: 4975: 4973: 4961: 4957: 4941: 4937: 4907: 4884: 4880: 4870: 4868: 4866: 4850: 4846: 4839: 4835: 4828: 4824: 4814: 4812: 4803: 4799: 4791: 4787: 4779: 4775: 4767: 4763: 4754: 4750: 4736: 4732: 4722: 4720: 4707: 4706: 4702: 4695: 4678: 4674: 4667: 4651: 4647: 4640: 4624: 4620: 4613: 4593: 4589: 4579: 4577: 4554: 4550: 4540: 4538: 4525: 4524: 4520: 4498: 4494: 4488: 4481:Wayback Machine 4472: 4468: 4454: 4450: 4441: 4437: 4414: 4410: 4401: 4397: 4384: 4380: 4367: 4360: 4351: 4347: 4338: 4334: 4325: 4321: 4311: 4309: 4296: 4295: 4291: 4279: 4275: 4263: 4259: 4254: 4250: 4237: 4233: 4222: 4218: 4211: 4197: 4193: 4176: 4171: 4167: 4155: 4148: 4133: 4129: 4118: 4114: 4103: 4096: 4081: 4077: 4071: 4067: 4061: 4057: 4052: 4048: 4042: 4038: 4032: 4028: 4018: 4016: 4003: 3994: 3984: 3982: 3971: 3967: 3957: 3955: 3915: 3908: 3898: 3896: 3883: 3882: 3875: 3865: 3863: 3855: 3854: 3850: 3832: 3823: 3816: 3799: 3792: 3777: 3776: 3772: 3767: 3762: 3757: 3756: 3737:Tristram Shandy 3733: 3729: 3721:under the name 3716: 3712: 3701: 3700: 3691:-tə, -⁠ee 3688: 3684: 3670: 3652: 3634: 3630: 3619: 3596: 3592: 3590: 3586: 3581: 3503: 3498: 3496: 3489: 3484: 3482: 3475: 3468: 3465: 3460: 3454: 3361:Kurt R. Eissler 3285:Wolfgang Goethe 3255: 3162: 3108:Goethe-Institut 3097:Weimar Republic 3017:, and Goethe's 2868:Tristram Shandy 2775: 2733:François Guizot 2722:Sturm und Drang 2718:Mahomets Gesang 2633: 2609:human sexuality 2577: 2515:, to write his 2347: 2338: 2330: 2324: 2322:Scientific work 2279:Divide and rule 2097: 2090:, Weimar (1857) 2060:Faust, Part Two 2054:Italian Journey 1931:Sturm und Drang 1908: 1880: 1867: 1839: 1834: 1818: 1800: 1793: 1779: 1739: 1681: 1657: 1625: 1560:Marienbad Elegy 1517: 1432:Battle of Valmy 1408: 1390:Italian Journey 1379:Italian Journey 1374:Italian Journey 1325: 1285: 1222:theatre company 1198: 1188: 987: 895:Biblical Hebrew 840: 749: 744: 575:Sturm und Drang 564:by the Duke of 550:theatre company 457: 452: 414: 363: 331: 323: 319: 316: 303: 284:Zur Farbenlehre 228: 213:Sturm und Drang 200: 166: 152:Fiction (poetry 141: 93: 89: 76: 70: 68: 67: 58: 43: 40: 39: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 14940: 14930: 14929: 14924: 14919: 14914: 14909: 14904: 14899: 14894: 14892:Romantic poets 14889: 14884: 14879: 14874: 14869: 14864: 14859: 14854: 14849: 14844: 14839: 14834: 14829: 14824: 14819: 14814: 14809: 14804: 14799: 14794: 14789: 14784: 14779: 14774: 14769: 14764: 14759: 14754: 14749: 14744: 14739: 14734: 14729: 14724: 14719: 14714: 14709: 14707:Epigrammatists 14704: 14699: 14694: 14689: 14684: 14679: 14674: 14669: 14664: 14659: 14654: 14649: 14644: 14639: 14634: 14629: 14624: 14619: 14614: 14609: 14604: 14599: 14594: 14589: 14584: 14579: 14574: 14569: 14564: 14547: 14546: 14541: 14540: 14538: 14537: 14525: 14509: 14506: 14505: 14503: 14502: 14495: 14488: 14475: 14468: 14461: 14452: 14445: 14438: 14431: 14424: 14421:Owl of Minerva 14416: 14414: 14410: 14409: 14406: 14405: 14402: 14401: 14399: 14398: 14391: 14384: 14381:Adam Weishaupt 14377: 14370: 14363: 14356: 14349: 14342: 14335: 14328: 14321: 14314: 14307: 14300: 14293: 14286: 14279: 14272: 14265: 14258: 14251: 14244: 14237: 14230: 14227:Franz Oberthür 14223: 14216: 14208: 14206: 14202: 14201: 14199: 14198: 14191: 14184: 14177: 14170: 14163: 14156: 14149: 14142: 14135: 14128: 14121: 14114: 14107: 14100: 14093: 14086: 14079: 14072: 14065: 14058: 14051: 14044: 14037: 14030: 14023: 14016: 14009: 14002: 13995: 13988: 13981: 13974: 13967: 13960: 13953: 13945: 13943: 13939: 13938: 13936: 13935: 13928: 13921: 13914: 13907: 13900: 13893: 13886: 13879: 13872: 13865: 13858: 13851: 13844: 13837: 13830: 13823: 13816: 13809: 13802: 13795: 13792:Ignaz von Born 13788: 13781: 13774: 13767: 13764:Aloys Blumauer 13760: 13753: 13746: 13739: 13732: 13725: 13718: 13711: 13704: 13697: 13689: 13687: 13676: 13672: 13671: 13669: 13668: 13661: 13654: 13642: 13635: 13628: 13616: 13609: 13597: 13589: 13587: 13583: 13582: 13575: 13574: 13567: 13560: 13552: 13543: 13542: 13540: 13539: 13532: 13524: 13522: 13518: 13517: 13515: 13514: 13505: 13503: 13499: 13498: 13496: 13495: 13487: 13479: 13471: 13462: 13460: 13456: 13455: 13442: 13441: 13434: 13427: 13419: 13410: 13409: 13407: 13406: 13399: 13392: 13384: 13382: 13378: 13377: 13375: 13374: 13365: 13363: 13359: 13358: 13356: 13355: 13347: 13338: 13336: 13332: 13331: 13318: 13317: 13310: 13303: 13295: 13286: 13285: 13283: 13282: 13273: 13271: 13267: 13266: 13264: 13263: 13259:The Wrong Move 13255: 13247: 13239: 13231: 13224: 13216: 13209: 13207: 13203: 13202: 13200: 13199: 13191: 13189: 13185: 13184: 13171: 13170: 13163: 13156: 13148: 13142: 13139: 13138: 13126: 13125: 13123: 13122: 13117: 13112: 13107: 13102: 13097: 13092: 13087: 13082: 13077: 13071: 13069: 13063: 13062: 13060: 13059: 13054: 13049: 13044: 13039: 13034: 13029: 13024: 13019: 13014: 13012:Carl Spitteler 13009: 13004: 12999: 12994: 12988: 12986: 12980: 12979: 12977: 12976: 12971: 12966: 12961: 12956: 12951: 12946: 12944:Ilija Trojanow 12941: 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12911: 12906: 12901: 12899:Teresa Präauer 12896: 12891: 12886: 12881: 12876: 12871: 12866: 12861: 12859:Barbara Köhler 12856: 12851: 12846: 12841: 12836: 12834:Reinhard Jirgl 12831: 12826: 12824:Judith Hermann 12821: 12816: 12811: 12806: 12801: 12799:Thomas Brussig 12796: 12790: 12788: 12782: 12781: 12779: 12778: 12773: 12768: 12763: 12758: 12753: 12748: 12743: 12741:Kurt Tucholsky 12738: 12733: 12728: 12723: 12718: 12713: 12708: 12706:Helga Schubert 12703: 12698: 12693: 12688: 12683: 12678: 12673: 12668: 12663: 12658: 12653: 12648: 12643: 12638: 12633: 12628: 12623: 12621:Siegfried Lenz 12618: 12613: 12608: 12603: 12598: 12593: 12588: 12583: 12578: 12576:Hermann Kesten 12573: 12568: 12563: 12558: 12553: 12548: 12543: 12538: 12533: 12528: 12523: 12518: 12513: 12508: 12503: 12498: 12493: 12488: 12483: 12478: 12473: 12468: 12463: 12458: 12453: 12451:Hermann Burger 12448: 12446:Arnolt Bronnen 12443: 12438: 12433: 12431:Bertolt Brecht 12428: 12423: 12418: 12413: 12408: 12406:Gottfried Benn 12403: 12398: 12393: 12388: 12383: 12377: 12375: 12371: 12370: 12368: 12367: 12362: 12357: 12352: 12347: 12342: 12340:Johann Nestroy 12337: 12332: 12327: 12322: 12320:Nikolaus Lenau 12317: 12312: 12307: 12302: 12297: 12292: 12287: 12285:Heinrich Heine 12282: 12277: 12272: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12252: 12247: 12245:Gustav Freytag 12242: 12237: 12232: 12227: 12222: 12217: 12212: 12207: 12202: 12196: 12194: 12190: 12189: 12187: 12186: 12181: 12176: 12171: 12166: 12160: 12155: 12150: 12145: 12140: 12135: 12130: 12125: 12120: 12114: 12112: 12108: 12107: 12105: 12104: 12099: 12094: 12089: 12084: 12079: 12074: 12069: 12064: 12059: 12054: 12049: 12043: 12041: 12037: 12036: 12034: 12033: 12030:Nibelungenlied 12026: 12021: 12016: 12011: 12006: 12001: 11996: 11991: 11986: 11981: 11976: 11971: 11965: 11963: 11959: 11958: 11956: 11955: 11950: 11945: 11940: 11935: 11933:German writers 11930: 11924: 11922: 11918: 11917: 11915: 11914: 11912:German studies 11909: 11904: 11899: 11894: 11892:Weimar culture 11889: 11884: 11879: 11874: 11869: 11864: 11859: 11854: 11849: 11844: 11839: 11834: 11828: 11826: 11822: 11821: 11814: 11813: 11806: 11799: 11791: 11782: 11781: 11778: 11777: 11759: 11758: 11757: 11754: 11753: 11750: 11749: 11746: 11745: 11743: 11742: 11737: 11732: 11727: 11722: 11716: 11714: 11708: 11707: 11705: 11704: 11699: 11694: 11689: 11684: 11679: 11674: 11669: 11664: 11659: 11654: 11649: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11629: 11624: 11618: 11616: 11610: 11609: 11607: 11606: 11601: 11596: 11591: 11586: 11581: 11575: 11573: 11567: 11566: 11564: 11563: 11558: 11552: 11550: 11546: 11545: 11543: 11542: 11537: 11532: 11527: 11522: 11517: 11512: 11507: 11501: 11499: 11493: 11492: 11490: 11489: 11484: 11479: 11474: 11468: 11466: 11462: 11461: 11459: 11458: 11452: 11450: 11446: 11445: 11443: 11442: 11437: 11432: 11427: 11422: 11417: 11412: 11407: 11401: 11399: 11393: 11392: 11390: 11389: 11384: 11379: 11374: 11369: 11364: 11359: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11333: 11331: 11327: 11326: 11324: 11323: 11318: 11313: 11308: 11303: 11298: 11293: 11287: 11285: 11279: 11278: 11276: 11275: 11270: 11265: 11260: 11255: 11249: 11247: 11243: 11242: 11240: 11239: 11234: 11229: 11224: 11218: 11216: 11210: 11209: 11207: 11206: 11201: 11196: 11191: 11186: 11181: 11176: 11171: 11166: 11161: 11156: 11151: 11146: 11141: 11135: 11133: 11129: 11128: 11126: 11125: 11120: 11115: 11110: 11105: 11100: 11094: 11092: 11088: 11087: 11085: 11084: 11079: 11074: 11069: 11064: 11059: 11054: 11049: 11044: 11039: 11034: 11029: 11024: 11019: 11014: 11009: 11004: 10999: 10994: 10989: 10984: 10979: 10974: 10969: 10964: 10959: 10954: 10949: 10944: 10938: 10936: 10932: 10931: 10929: 10928: 10926:Wollstonecraft 10923: 10918: 10913: 10908: 10903: 10898: 10893: 10888: 10883: 10878: 10873: 10868: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10838: 10833: 10827: 10825: 10817: 10816: 10806: 10805: 10802: 10801: 10798: 10797: 10795: 10794: 10789: 10784: 10779: 10774: 10769: 10760: 10755: 10750: 10745: 10740: 10735: 10730: 10725: 10720: 10715: 10710: 10703: 10694: 10689: 10684: 10679: 10674: 10665: 10660: 10651: 10646: 10641: 10636: 10631: 10626: 10621: 10616: 10611: 10605: 10598: 10597: 10587: 10586: 10579: 10578: 10571: 10564: 10556: 10547: 10546: 10526: 10518: 10517: 10516: 10513: 10512: 10510: 10509: 10502: 10501: 10500: 10495: 10485: 10480: 10475: 10470: 10465: 10460: 10455: 10450: 10445: 10440: 10435: 10430: 10425: 10419: 10417: 10416:Related topics 10413: 10412: 10410: 10409: 10404: 10399: 10394: 10389: 10384: 10379: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10349: 10344: 10339: 10334: 10329: 10324: 10319: 10313: 10311: 10305: 10304: 10302: 10301: 10296: 10291: 10286: 10281: 10276: 10271: 10266: 10261: 10256: 10251: 10246: 10241: 10236: 10231: 10226: 10221: 10216: 10211: 10206: 10201: 10196: 10191: 10186: 10181: 10176: 10171: 10166: 10161: 10156: 10151: 10146: 10144:Gallen-Kallela 10141: 10136: 10131: 10126: 10121: 10119:David d'Angers 10116: 10111: 10106: 10101: 10096: 10091: 10086: 10081: 10076: 10071: 10066: 10060: 10058: 10056:Visual artists 10052: 10051: 10049: 10048: 10043: 10038: 10033: 10028: 10023: 10018: 10016:Schleiermacher 10013: 10008: 10003: 9998: 9993: 9988: 9983: 9978: 9973: 9968: 9963: 9958: 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9283: 9281:Oehlenschläger 9278: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9258: 9253: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9182: 9180: 9176: 9175: 9173: 9172: 9167: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9126: 9124: 9120: 9119: 9117: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9101: 9096: 9091: 9086: 9081: 9075: 9073: 9069: 9068: 9066: 9065: 9060: 9055: 9050: 9045: 9040: 9034: 9032: 9028: 9027: 9025: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8993: 8991: 8987: 8986: 8984: 8983: 8978: 8973: 8968: 8963: 8958: 8953: 8951:Castelo Branco 8947: 8945: 8941: 8940: 8938: 8937: 8932: 8927: 8922: 8917: 8912: 8907: 8902: 8897: 8891: 8889: 8883: 8882: 8880: 8879: 8874: 8869: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8844: 8839: 8834: 8829: 8824: 8819: 8814: 8809: 8804: 8799: 8794: 8789: 8784: 8779: 8774: 8769: 8763: 8761: 8753: 8752: 8750: 8749: 8744: 8739: 8734: 8729: 8724: 8719: 8714: 8709: 8704: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8679: 8677:Brothers Grimm 8674: 8669: 8664: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8638: 8636: 8632: 8631: 8629: 8628: 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7855: 7853: 7852: 7842: 7840: 7836: 7835: 7833: 7832: 7823: 7813: 7811: 7807: 7806: 7804: 7803: 7794: 7785: 7776: 7769: 7759: 7757: 7753: 7752: 7750: 7749: 7745:Torquato Tasso 7740: 7731: 7722: 7712: 7703: 7694: 7685: 7676: 7675: 7674: 7665: 7647: 7638: 7628: 7626: 7622: 7621: 7619: 7618: 7609: 7600: 7593: 7586: 7579: 7570: 7563: 7556: 7549: 7542: 7533: 7526: 7517: 7510: 7503: 7496: 7489: 7482: 7474: 7472: 7468: 7467: 7465: 7464: 7452: 7444: 7441: 7440: 7433: 7432: 7425: 7418: 7410: 7404: 7403: 7394: 7379: 7370: 7360: 7350: 7339: 7336: 7335: 7334: 7329: 7323: 7314: 7309: 7308: 7307: 7299: 7283: 7269: 7267: 7264:Simon Schaffer 7260:Nicholas Boyle 7246: 7228: 7227: 7182:external links 7177: 7175: 7168: 7162: 7161:External links 7159: 7158: 7157: 7150: 7129: 7122: 7098: 7091: 7084: 7077: 7070: 7060: 7040: 7020: 7011: 7008: 7007: 7006: 7000: 6983: 6977: 6964: 6958: 6939: 6936: 6933: 6932: 6913: 6893: 6873: 6853: 6844: 6829: 6814: 6788: 6770: 6755: 6710: 6692: 6685: 6679:. p. 65. 6655: 6648: 6622: 6607: 6587: 6572: 6557: 6542: 6524: 6509: 6496: 6486: 6466: 6456: 6436: 6426: 6406: 6395: 6372: 6362: 6342: 6332: 6312: 6295:webmineral.com 6282: 6267: 6260: 6242: 6215:(2): 266–274. 6194: 6179: 6163: 6148: 6132: 6123: 6108: 6093: 6078: 6060: 6047: 6020:(3): 431–450. 6000: 5987: 5957: 5948: 5927: 5914: 5899: 5871: 5862: 5838: 5823: 5802: 5773: 5748: 5736: 5716: 5695: 5673: 5647: 5621: 5592: 5585: 5567: 5545: 5526: 5506: 5491: 5467: 5453: 5433: 5405: 5390: 5363:(6): 417–437. 5345: 5316: 5286: 5255: 5232: 5213: 5176: 5169: 5149: 5133: 5101: 5080: 5049:(3): 629–645. 5027: 5010: 4997: 4983: 4955: 4935: 4878: 4864: 4844: 4833: 4822: 4808:Heinrich Heine 4797: 4785: 4773: 4761: 4748: 4741:'s 1927 book, 4730: 4700: 4693: 4672: 4665: 4645: 4638: 4618: 4611: 4605:. p. 10. 4587: 4548: 4518: 4503:, ed. (1911). 4501:Chisholm, Hugh 4492: 4466: 4461:Life of Goethe 4448: 4435: 4424:Chisholm, Hugh 4408: 4395: 4387:Goethes Briefe 4378: 4370:Goethes Briefe 4358: 4345: 4332: 4326:Herman Grimm: 4319: 4289: 4285:Goethes Leben. 4273: 4257: 4248: 4246:, pp. 114, 129 4231: 4216: 4209: 4191: 4165: 4146: 4141:adelsvapen.com 4127: 4124:. p. 514. 4112: 4094: 4075: 4065: 4055: 4046: 4036: 4026: 3992: 3965: 3940:10.1086/701757 3920:(March 2019). 3906: 3873: 3848: 3834:Nicholas Boyle 3821: 3814: 3790: 3769: 3768: 3766: 3763: 3761: 3758: 3755: 3754: 3727: 3710: 3583: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3576: 3575: 3570: 3565: 3554: 3553: 3548: 3541: 3535: 3530: 3524: 3518: 3509: 3508: 3494: 3480: 3464: 3461: 3456:Main article: 3453: 3450: 3449: 3448: 3435: 3422: 3405: 3396: 3390: 3384: 3378: 3376:Nicholas Boyle 3374:(2 vols.), by 3369: 3363: 3354: 3345: 3339: 3330: 3321: 3315: 3304: 3293: 3287: 3274: 3265: 3254: 3251: 3174:Naturanschauer 3070:Matthew Arnold 3066:Life of Goethe 3042:Thomas Carlyle 3030:De l'Allemagne 2988:Rudolf Steiner 2936:Doctor Faustus 2843:Ernst Cassirer 2774: 2771: 2654:anti-Christian 2632: 2629: 2603:. Some of the 2576: 2573: 2547:Rudolf Steiner 2391:common descent 2387:Charles Darwin 2336: 2323: 2320: 2262:, Berlioz and 2213:world premiere 2152:Faust Part Two 2096: 2093: 2022:Faust Part One 1978:and the fable 1975:Torquato Tasso 1907: 1904: 1879: 1876: 1875: 1874: 1871: 1866: 1863: 1862: 1861: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1843: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1829: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1817: 1814: 1792: 1789: 1778: 1775: 1761:Richard Wagner 1738: 1735: 1704:Thomas Carlyle 1656: 1653: 1635:, Weimar vault 1624: 1621: 1609:Heinrich Heine 1516: 1513: 1452:Complete Works 1448:Siege of Mainz 1424:Siege of Mainz 1407: 1404: 1284: 1281: 1261:prime minister 1230:Schloss Weimar 1187: 1184: 1180:Complete Works 1164:Charlotte Buff 1049:Faust Part One 986: 983: 748: 745: 743: 740: 488: 487: 484: 483: 480: 479: 476: 475: 468: 467: 460: 459: 449: 448: 438: 437: 434: 433: 430: 429: 421: 420: 416: 415: 413: 412: 404: 396: 388: 380: 371: 369: 365: 364: 362: 361: 356: 350: 348: 344: 343: 337: 333: 332: 321: 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13796: 13793: 13789: 13786: 13782: 13779: 13775: 13772: 13768: 13765: 13761: 13758: 13754: 13751: 13747: 13744: 13740: 13737: 13736:August Batsch 13733: 13730: 13726: 13723: 13719: 13716: 13715:Jens Baggesen 13712: 13709: 13705: 13702: 13698: 13695: 13691: 13690: 13688: 13684: 13680: 13677: 13673: 13666: 13662: 13659: 13655: 13651: 13647: 13643: 13640: 13636: 13633: 13629: 13625: 13621: 13617: 13614: 13610: 13606: 13602: 13598: 13595: 13591: 13590: 13588: 13584: 13580: 13573: 13568: 13566: 13561: 13559: 13554: 13553: 13550: 13538: 13537: 13533: 13531: 13530: 13526: 13525: 13523: 13519: 13512: 13511: 13507: 13506: 13504: 13500: 13493: 13492: 13488: 13485: 13484: 13480: 13477: 13476: 13472: 13469: 13468: 13464: 13463: 13461: 13457: 13453: 13449: 13448: 13440: 13435: 13433: 13428: 13426: 13421: 13420: 13417: 13404: 13400: 13398: 13397: 13393: 13391: 13390: 13386: 13385: 13383: 13379: 13372: 13371: 13367: 13366: 13364: 13360: 13353: 13352: 13348: 13345: 13344: 13340: 13339: 13337: 13333: 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12929:Botho Strauss 12927: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12910: 12907: 12905: 12902: 12900: 12897: 12895: 12892: 12890: 12887: 12885: 12882: 12880: 12877: 12875: 12874:Clemens Meyer 12872: 12870: 12867: 12865: 12862: 12860: 12857: 12855: 12852: 12850: 12849:Esther Kinsky 12847: 12845: 12842: 12840: 12837: 12835: 12832: 12830: 12827: 12825: 12822: 12820: 12817: 12815: 12814:Durs Grünbein 12812: 12810: 12809:Rainald Goetz 12807: 12805: 12802: 12800: 12797: 12795: 12792: 12791: 12789: 12783: 12777: 12774: 12772: 12769: 12767: 12764: 12762: 12759: 12757: 12754: 12752: 12749: 12747: 12746:Robert Walser 12744: 12742: 12739: 12737: 12734: 12732: 12729: 12727: 12724: 12722: 12719: 12717: 12714: 12712: 12709: 12707: 12704: 12702: 12699: 12697: 12694: 12692: 12689: 12687: 12684: 12682: 12679: 12677: 12674: 12672: 12669: 12667: 12664: 12662: 12659: 12657: 12656:Heiner Müller 12654: 12652: 12649: 12647: 12644: 12642: 12639: 12637: 12634: 12632: 12629: 12627: 12626:Heinrich Mann 12624: 12622: 12619: 12617: 12614: 12612: 12609: 12607: 12604: 12602: 12599: 12597: 12594: 12592: 12589: 12587: 12584: 12582: 12579: 12577: 12574: 12572: 12571:Erich Kästner 12569: 12567: 12564: 12562: 12559: 12557: 12554: 12552: 12549: 12547: 12544: 12542: 12539: 12537: 12534: 12532: 12529: 12527: 12524: 12522: 12521:Hermann Hesse 12519: 12517: 12514: 12512: 12509: 12507: 12504: 12502: 12501:Stefan George 12499: 12497: 12494: 12492: 12489: 12487: 12484: 12482: 12479: 12477: 12474: 12472: 12469: 12467: 12466:Alfred Döblin 12464: 12462: 12459: 12457: 12456:Elias Canetti 12454: 12452: 12449: 12447: 12444: 12442: 12441:Hermann Broch 12439: 12437: 12434: 12432: 12429: 12427: 12424: 12422: 12421:Thomas Brasch 12419: 12417: 12416:Heinrich Böll 12414: 12412: 12409: 12407: 12404: 12402: 12399: 12397: 12394: 12392: 12389: 12387: 12384: 12382: 12379: 12378: 12376: 12372: 12366: 12365:Ludwig Uhland 12363: 12361: 12358: 12356: 12355:Theodor Storm 12353: 12351: 12348: 12346: 12345:Wilhelm Raabe 12343: 12341: 12338: 12336: 12335:Eduard Mörike 12333: 12331: 12328: 12326: 12323: 12321: 12318: 12316: 12313: 12311: 12308: 12306: 12303: 12301: 12298: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12290:Georg Herwegh 12288: 12286: 12283: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12265:Wilhelm Grimm 12263: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12238: 12236: 12233: 12231: 12228: 12226: 12223: 12221: 12218: 12216: 12215:Georg Büchner 12213: 12211: 12208: 12206: 12203: 12201: 12198: 12197: 12195: 12191: 12185: 12182: 12180: 12177: 12175: 12172: 12170: 12167: 12164: 12161: 12159: 12156: 12154: 12151: 12149: 12146: 12144: 12141: 12139: 12136: 12134: 12131: 12129: 12126: 12124: 12121: 12119: 12116: 12115: 12113: 12109: 12103: 12102:Georg Wickram 12100: 12098: 12095: 12093: 12090: 12088: 12085: 12083: 12080: 12078: 12075: 12073: 12070: 12068: 12065: 12063: 12060: 12058: 12055: 12053: 12050: 12048: 12045: 12044: 12042: 12038: 12032: 12031: 12027: 12025: 12022: 12020: 12017: 12015: 12012: 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11617: 11615: 11611: 11605: 11602: 11600: 11597: 11595: 11592: 11590: 11587: 11585: 11582: 11580: 11577: 11576: 11574: 11572: 11568: 11562: 11559: 11557: 11554: 11553: 11551: 11547: 11541: 11538: 11536: 11533: 11531: 11528: 11526: 11523: 11521: 11518: 11516: 11513: 11511: 11508: 11506: 11503: 11502: 11500: 11498: 11494: 11488: 11485: 11483: 11480: 11478: 11475: 11473: 11472:Budai-Deleanu 11470: 11469: 11467: 11463: 11457: 11454: 11453: 11451: 11447: 11441: 11438: 11436: 11433: 11431: 11428: 11426: 11423: 11421: 11418: 11416: 11413: 11411: 11408: 11406: 11403: 11402: 11400: 11398: 11394: 11388: 11385: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11375: 11373: 11370: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11335: 11334: 11332: 11328: 11322: 11319: 11317: 11314: 11312: 11309: 11307: 11304: 11302: 11299: 11297: 11294: 11292: 11289: 11288: 11286: 11284: 11280: 11274: 11271: 11269: 11266: 11264: 11261: 11259: 11256: 11254: 11251: 11250: 11248: 11244: 11238: 11235: 11233: 11230: 11228: 11225: 11223: 11220: 11219: 11217: 11215: 11211: 11205: 11202: 11200: 11197: 11195: 11192: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11180: 11177: 11175: 11172: 11170: 11167: 11165: 11162: 11160: 11157: 11155: 11152: 11150: 11147: 11145: 11142: 11140: 11137: 11136: 11134: 11130: 11124: 11121: 11119: 11116: 11114: 11111: 11109: 11106: 11104: 11101: 11099: 11096: 11095: 11093: 11089: 11083: 11080: 11078: 11075: 11073: 11070: 11068: 11065: 11063: 11060: 11058: 11055: 11053: 11050: 11048: 11045: 11043: 11040: 11038: 11035: 11033: 11030: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11020: 11018: 11015: 11013: 11010: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10990: 10988: 10985: 10983: 10980: 10978: 10975: 10973: 10970: 10968: 10965: 10963: 10960: 10958: 10955: 10953: 10950: 10948: 10945: 10943: 10940: 10939: 10937: 10933: 10927: 10924: 10922: 10919: 10917: 10914: 10912: 10909: 10907: 10904: 10902: 10899: 10897: 10894: 10892: 10889: 10887: 10884: 10882: 10879: 10877: 10874: 10872: 10869: 10867: 10864: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10836:Ashley-Cooper 10834: 10832: 10829: 10828: 10826: 10822: 10818: 10811: 10807: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10767: 10766: 10761: 10759: 10756: 10754: 10751: 10749: 10746: 10744: 10741: 10739: 10738:Progressivism 10736: 10734: 10731: 10729: 10726: 10724: 10721: 10719: 10716: 10714: 10711: 10709: 10708: 10704: 10701: 10700: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10688: 10687:Individualism 10685: 10683: 10680: 10678: 10675: 10672: 10671: 10666: 10664: 10661: 10658: 10657: 10652: 10650: 10647: 10645: 10642: 10640: 10637: 10635: 10632: 10630: 10627: 10625: 10622: 10620: 10617: 10615: 10612: 10610: 10607: 10606: 10603: 10599: 10592: 10588: 10584: 10577: 10572: 10570: 10565: 10563: 10558: 10557: 10554: 10543: 10542: 10531: 10530: 10524: 10523: 10514: 10508: 10507: 10503: 10499: 10496: 10494: 10491: 10490: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10476: 10474: 10471: 10469: 10466: 10464: 10461: 10459: 10456: 10454: 10451: 10449: 10446: 10444: 10441: 10439: 10436: 10434: 10431: 10429: 10426: 10424: 10421: 10420: 10418: 10414: 10408: 10405: 10403: 10400: 10398: 10395: 10393: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10345: 10343: 10340: 10338: 10335: 10333: 10330: 10328: 10325: 10323: 10320: 10318: 10315: 10314: 10312: 10310: 10306: 10300: 10297: 10295: 10292: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10280: 10277: 10275: 10272: 10270: 10267: 10265: 10262: 10260: 10257: 10255: 10252: 10250: 10247: 10245: 10242: 10240: 10237: 10235: 10232: 10230: 10227: 10225: 10222: 10220: 10217: 10215: 10212: 10210: 10207: 10205: 10202: 10200: 10197: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10185: 10182: 10180: 10177: 10175: 10172: 10170: 10167: 10165: 10162: 10160: 10157: 10155: 10152: 10150: 10147: 10145: 10142: 10140: 10137: 10135: 10132: 10130: 10127: 10125: 10122: 10120: 10117: 10115: 10112: 10110: 10107: 10105: 10102: 10100: 10097: 10095: 10092: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10080: 10077: 10075: 10072: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10061: 10059: 10057: 10053: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10017: 10014: 10012: 10009: 10007: 10004: 10002: 9999: 9997: 9994: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9977: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9967: 9964: 9962: 9959: 9957: 9954: 9952: 9949: 9947: 9944: 9942: 9939: 9937: 9934: 9932: 9929: 9927: 9924: 9922: 9919: 9917: 9914: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9902: 9899: 9897: 9894: 9892: 9889: 9887: 9884: 9883: 9881: 9879: 9875: 9865: 9862: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9840: 9837: 9835: 9832: 9830: 9827: 9826: 9824: 9820: 9814: 9811: 9809: 9806: 9804: 9801: 9799: 9796: 9795: 9793: 9789: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9758: 9755: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9719: 9717: 9713: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9668: 9666: 9662: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9643: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9617: 9615: 9611: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9576: 9574: 9570: 9564: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9541: 9539: 9536: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9504: 9501: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9489: 9486: 9485: 9483: 9479: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9429: 9427: 9423: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9394: 9393: 9391: 9387: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9347: 9345: 9341: 9338: 9336: 9332: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9307: 9304: 9302: 9299: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9279: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9264: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9236:Nikolai Gogol 9234: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9183: 9181: 9177: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9127: 9125: 9121: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9082: 9080: 9077: 9076: 9074: 9070: 9064: 9061: 9059: 9056: 9054: 9051: 9049: 9046: 9044: 9041: 9039: 9036: 9035: 9033: 9029: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8994: 8992: 8988: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8952: 8949: 8948: 8946: 8942: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8923: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8911: 8908: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8893: 8892: 8890: 8888: 8884: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8868: 8867:P. B. Shelley 8865: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8847:Mary Robinson 8845: 8843: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8795: 8793: 8790: 8788: 8785: 8783: 8780: 8778: 8775: 8773: 8770: 8768: 8765: 8764: 8762: 8760: 8754: 8748: 8745: 8743: 8740: 8738: 8735: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8723: 8720: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8639: 8637: 8633: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8614: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8602: 8599: 8597: 8594: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8576:Chateaubriand 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8563: 8561: 8559: 8555: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8480: 8478: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8465: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8453: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8422: 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8406: 8405:Mal du siècle 8402: 8400: 8397: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8384: 8383: 8380: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8372: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8357: 8355: 8351: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8324: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8311: 8310: 8306: 8305: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8231: 8229: 8226: 8225: 8223: 8219: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8156: 8154: 8150: 8146: 8139: 8134: 8132: 8127: 8125: 8120: 8119: 8116: 8103: 8099: 8096: 8094: 8089: 8086: 8084: 8083:A Man in Love 8079: 8074: 8072: 8067: 8066: 8064: 8062: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8037: 8034: 8030: 8027: 8023: 8020: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8006: 8003: 8001: 7996: 7993: 7989: 7986: 7982: 7979: 7975: 7970: 7966: 7965: 7963: 7959: 7954: 7950: 7949: 7947: 7943: 7940: 7936: 7933: 7929: 7925: 7921: 7917: 7913: 7912: 7910: 7906: 7899: 7898: 7893: 7892: 7890: 7888:Conversations 7886: 7879: 7878: 7873: 7870: 7869: 7864: 7863: 7861: 7857: 7850: 7849: 7844: 7843: 7841: 7837: 7830: 7829: 7824: 7821: 7820: 7815: 7814: 7812: 7808: 7801: 7800: 7795: 7792: 7791: 7786: 7783: 7782: 7777: 7774: 7770: 7767: 7766: 7761: 7760: 7758: 7754: 7747: 7746: 7741: 7738: 7737: 7732: 7729: 7728: 7723: 7719: 7718: 7713: 7710: 7709: 7704: 7701: 7700: 7695: 7692: 7691: 7686: 7683: 7682: 7677: 7672: 7671: 7666: 7663: 7662: 7657: 7656: 7654: 7653: 7648: 7645: 7644: 7639: 7636: 7635: 7630: 7629: 7627: 7623: 7616: 7615: 7610: 7607: 7606: 7601: 7598: 7594: 7591: 7587: 7584: 7580: 7577: 7576: 7575:Roman Elegies 7571: 7568: 7564: 7561: 7557: 7554: 7550: 7547: 7543: 7540: 7539: 7534: 7531: 7530:Heidenröslein 7527: 7524: 7523: 7518: 7515: 7511: 7508: 7504: 7501: 7497: 7494: 7490: 7487: 7483: 7480: 7476: 7475: 7473: 7469: 7462: 7453: 7450: 7446: 7445: 7442: 7438: 7431: 7426: 7424: 7419: 7417: 7412: 7411: 7408: 7402: 7398: 7395: 7387: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7374: 7371: 7368: 7364: 7361: 7358: 7354: 7351: 7349: 7345: 7342: 7341: 7333: 7330: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7310: 7306: 7305: 7300: 7298: 7296: 7291: 7290: 7288: 7284: 7280: 7279: 7274: 7270: 7268: 7265: 7261: 7257: 7253: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7241: 7240: 7235: 7232: 7231: 7224: 7221: 7213: 7203: 7199: 7198:inappropriate 7195: 7191: 7185: 7183: 7176: 7167: 7166: 7155: 7151: 7139: 7135: 7130: 7127: 7123: 7119: 7118: 7112: 7107: 7103: 7099: 7096: 7092: 7089: 7086:Jane K. n.d. 7085: 7082: 7078: 7075: 7071: 7068: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7055: 7051: 7050: 7045: 7041: 7037: 7036: 7030: 7025: 7021: 7018: 7014: 7013: 7003: 7001:9780226841908 6997: 6992: 6991: 6984: 6980: 6974: 6970: 6965: 6961: 6955: 6950: 6949: 6942: 6941: 6920: 6916: 6910: 6906: 6905: 6897: 6889: 6882: 6880: 6878: 6869: 6862: 6860: 6858: 6848: 6840: 6833: 6825: 6818: 6802: 6798: 6792: 6784: 6777: 6775: 6766: 6759: 6743: 6739: 6735: 6731: 6727: 6722: 6714: 6706: 6699: 6697: 6688: 6686:9780873522502 6682: 6678: 6673: 6672: 6666: 6659: 6651: 6649:9780838637920 6645: 6641: 6636: 6635: 6626: 6618: 6611: 6603: 6596: 6594: 6592: 6583: 6576: 6568: 6561: 6553: 6546: 6538: 6531: 6529: 6520: 6513: 6506: 6500: 6493: 6489: 6483: 6479: 6478: 6470: 6463: 6459: 6453: 6449: 6448: 6440: 6433: 6429: 6423: 6419: 6418: 6410: 6403: 6398: 6392: 6388: 6387: 6382: 6376: 6369: 6365: 6359: 6355: 6354: 6346: 6339: 6335: 6329: 6325: 6324: 6316: 6300: 6296: 6292: 6286: 6278: 6271: 6263: 6257: 6253: 6246: 6238: 6234: 6230: 6226: 6222: 6218: 6214: 6210: 6209: 6201: 6199: 6190: 6183: 6176: 6172: 6167: 6159: 6152: 6145: 6141: 6136: 6127: 6119: 6112: 6104: 6097: 6089: 6082: 6075: 6071: 6064: 6057: 6051: 6043: 6039: 6035: 6031: 6027: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6011: 6004: 5997: 5991: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5961: 5952: 5944: 5940: 5934: 5932: 5924: 5918: 5911: 5910: 5903: 5896: 5884: 5883: 5875: 5866: 5851: 5850: 5842: 5835: 5834: 5827: 5820: 5816: 5812: 5806: 5790: 5786: 5785: 5777: 5761: 5760: 5752: 5745: 5740: 5734: 5730: 5726: 5720: 5705: 5699: 5683: 5677: 5661: 5657: 5651: 5635: 5631: 5625: 5609: 5605: 5604: 5596: 5588: 5582: 5578: 5571: 5563: 5562: 5555: 5549: 5533: 5529: 5523: 5519: 5518: 5510: 5502: 5495: 5488: 5484: 5480: 5477: 5471: 5456: 5450: 5447:. Kessinger. 5446: 5445: 5437: 5421: 5417: 5416: 5409: 5401: 5398:Goethe, J.W. 5394: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5374: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5357: 5349: 5333: 5329: 5328: 5320: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5290: 5274: 5271:. Haymarket. 5270: 5266: 5259: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5236: 5228: 5227:John Oxenford 5224: 5217: 5201: 5197: 5190: 5186: 5180: 5172: 5166: 5162: 5161: 5153: 5146: 5140: 5138: 5121: 5117: 5116: 5111: 5105: 5098: 5097:0-521-36270-9 5094: 5090: 5084: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5044: 5043: 5038: 5031: 5023: 5022: 5014: 5007: 5001: 4994: 4993: 4987: 4971: 4970: 4965: 4959: 4951: 4950: 4945: 4939: 4932: 4930: 4924: 4920: 4916: 4915:"Nachschrift" 4910: 4905: 4903: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4882: 4867: 4861: 4857: 4856: 4848: 4842: 4837: 4831: 4826: 4810: 4809: 4801: 4794: 4789: 4782: 4777: 4771:, p. 89. 4770: 4765: 4758: 4752: 4746: 4745: 4740: 4734: 4718: 4714: 4710: 4704: 4696: 4690: 4686: 4682: 4676: 4668: 4666:9781421987484 4662: 4659:. MacMillan. 4658: 4657: 4649: 4641: 4635: 4631: 4630: 4622: 4614: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4599: 4591: 4575: 4571: 4567: 4563: 4559: 4552: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4522: 4514: 4513: 4507: 4502: 4496: 4486: 4482: 4478: 4475: 4470: 4462: 4458: 4452: 4445: 4439: 4431: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4412: 4405: 4399: 4392: 4388: 4382: 4375: 4371: 4365: 4363: 4355: 4349: 4342: 4336: 4329: 4323: 4307: 4303: 4301: 4293: 4286: 4282: 4277: 4270: 4266: 4261: 4252: 4245: 4244:John Oxenford 4241: 4235: 4228: 4227: 4220: 4212: 4210:9783110530421 4206: 4202: 4195: 4188: 4187: 4180: 4175: 4169: 4162: 4158: 4153: 4151: 4142: 4138: 4131: 4123: 4116: 4108: 4101: 4099: 4090: 4086: 4079: 4069: 4059: 4050: 4040: 4030: 4014: 4010: 4009: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3981:. p. WK3 3980: 3976: 3969: 3953: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3928: 3923: 3919: 3913: 3911: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3880: 3878: 3862: 3858: 3852: 3845: 3844: 3839: 3835: 3830: 3828: 3826: 3817: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3797: 3795: 3786: 3785: 3780: 3774: 3770: 3751: 3750: 3745: 3744: 3739: 3738: 3731: 3724: 3720: 3714: 3704: 3698: 3693: 3692: 3679: 3628: 3624: 3623: 3614: 3588: 3584: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3563:Goethe Awards 3561: 3560: 3559: 3558: 3552: 3549: 3546: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3516: 3515: 3511: 3510: 3506: 3495: 3492: 3481: 3478: 3477:Poetry portal 3472: 3467: 3459: 3447: 3446:9780429459535 3443: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3433:9781909942240 3430: 3426: 3423: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3400: 3397: 3394: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3373: 3370: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3334: 3331: 3329: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3314: 3310: 3309: 3305: 3303: 3299: 3298: 3294: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3282: 3281:Georg Brandes 3278: 3275: 3273: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3260: 3257: 3256: 3250: 3248: 3243: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3232: 3226: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3210: 3205: 3202: 3201:neo-classical 3198: 3197:Age of Reason 3194: 3190: 3186: 3181: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3170:Denis Diderot 3157: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3133: 3128: 3127:Francis Bacon 3122: 3120: 3116: 3111: 3109: 3104: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3077: 3073: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3038: 3036: 3032: 3031: 3026: 3022: 3020: 3016: 3006: 3001: 2999: 2998: 2993: 2989: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2976: 2974: 2967: 2959: 2954: 2948: 2943: 2939: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2900: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2881: 2876: 2875: 2870: 2869: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2849:. Along with 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2794: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2769: 2764: 2762: 2758: 2755:Goethe was a 2753: 2751: 2747: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2729: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2713: 2711: 2706: 2702: 2701:Hypsistarians 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2678: 2673: 2669: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2646:Martin Luther 2643: 2638: 2635:Goethe was a 2624: 2620: 2617: 2612: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2589: 2588:Roman Elegies 2584: 2583: 2572: 2570: 2566: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2539: 2537: 2533: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2519: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2501: 2496: 2492: 2491: 2482: 2478: 2477: 2471: 2467: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2448: 2444: 2439: 2437: 2433: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2367: 2364: 2357: 2352: 2345: 2341: 2335: 2329: 2319: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2304: 2301: 2295: 2289: 2284: 2280: 2275: 2273: 2271: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2244:Innerlichkeit 2238: 2234: 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1613:Die Harzreise 1610: 1606: 1604: 1600: 1599: 1594: 1593: 1586: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1567: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1544: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1508: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1491: 1486: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1463: 1460: 1455: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1412: 1403: 1401: 1400: 1395: 1391: 1386: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1375: 1369: 1365: 1363: 1359: 1358:Lady Hamilton 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1330: 1324: 1317: 1313: 1307:(Weimar 1811) 1306: 1305:Luise Seidler 1301: 1294: 1289: 1280: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1248: 1246: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1192: 1183: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1148: 1147: 1142: 1138: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1122: 1121:jurisprudence 1118: 1113: 1110: 1109:Heidenröslein 1104: 1098: 1093: 1089: 1084: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1061: 1059: 1053: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 999: 997: 991: 982: 980: 976: 975: 970: 969: 964: 960: 954: 952: 951: 950:Metamorphoses 946: 942: 941: 936: 930: 927: 925: 924: 919: 915: 911: 906: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 883: 881: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 848: 844: 839: 834: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 791: 787: 783: 779: 775: 774:Nicolae Iorga 771: 769: 766:and thus had 765: 764:Soldan family 757: 753: 739: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 708: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 662: 660: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 631: 626: 625: 620: 619: 614: 610: 606: 602: 601: 595: 593: 589: 585: 581: 580:privy council 577: 576: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 538: 533: 528: 527:, and color. 526: 522: 518: 515:, as well as 514: 510: 506: 505:philosophical 502: 498: 494: 485: 481: 477: 469: 461: 455: 450: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 422: 417: 408: 405: 400: 397: 392: 389: 384: 381: 376: 373: 372: 370: 366: 360: 357: 355: 352: 351: 349: 345: 342: 338: 334: 315: 310: 306: 300: 299: 295: 293: 292: 288: 286: 285: 281: 278: 274: 272: 271: 267: 265: 264: 260: 258: 257: 253: 251: 250: 246: 245: 243: 241:Notable works 239: 235: 231: 225: 222: 220: 217: 215: 214: 210: 209: 207: 203: 196: 193: 191: 188: 186:autobiography 185: 183: 180: 178: 175: 173: 170:non-fiction ( 169: 168: 162: 160: 157: 154: 151: 150: 148: 144: 138: 135: 133: 130: 129: 127: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 100: 96: 88:22 March 1832 87: 83: 79: 65: 61: 57: 51: 46: 38: 33: 30: 26: 23: and 22: 14519: 14492:John Robison 14482: 14455: 14041:Isaak Iselin 13970: 13534: 13527: 13508: 13489: 13481: 13473: 13465: 13451: 13445: 13394: 13387: 13368: 13349: 13341: 13327: 13321: 13276: 13257: 13249: 13241: 13238:(1866 opera) 13233: 13218: 13180: 13174: 13110:Kleist Prize 13100:Goethe Prize 13057:Peter Handke 13052:Herta Müller 13042:Günter Grass 12914:Ingo Schulze 12909:Rafik Schami 12884:Herta Müller 12879:Terézia Mora 12869:Monika Maron 12819:Peter Handke 12785:Contemporary 12776:Stefan Zweig 12766:Christa Wolf 12761:Franz Werfel 12731:Ernst Toller 12721:Anna Seghers 12716:W. 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Sebald 12666:Robert Musil 12661:Adolf Muschg 12651:Erich Mühsam 12611:Kurd Laßwitz 12586:Sarah Kirsch 12581:Irmgard Keun 12561:Ernst Jünger 12546:Peter Huchel 12541:Ricarda Huch 12511:Peter Handke 12506:Günter Grass 12426:Volker Braun 12391:Hermann Bahr 12374:20th century 12360:Ludwig Tieck 12193:19th century 12127: 12111:18th century 12082:Martin Opitz 12052:Paul Fleming 12040:Early modern 12028: 11760: 11505:Catherine II 11138: 10957:Beaumarchais 10787:Universality 10758:Reductionism 10705: 10682:Human rights 10534: 10527: 10520: 10504: 10224:Porto-Alegre 9930: 9878:Philosophers 9762:Rachmaninoff 9211:Chavchavadze 9201:Baratashvili 8961:João de Deus 8930:Wincenty Pol 8722:Küchelbecker 8671: 8450: 8416:Noble savage 8403: 8369: 8344:Wallenrodism 8321: 8307: 8238:Coppet group 8172:(literature) 8092: 8082: 8070: 8060: 8050: 8040: 8019:Goethe Prize 8009: 7999: 7953:Goethe Medal 7895: 7875: 7866: 7846: 7826: 7817: 7797: 7788: 7779: 7763: 7743: 7734: 7725: 7715: 7706: 7697: 7688: 7679: 7668: 7659: 7650: 7641: 7632: 7612: 7603: 7573: 7536: 7520: 7514:Gingo biloba 7449:Bibliography 7436: 7369:(ChoralWiki) 7328:, lieder.net 7320: 7303: 7294: 7289:, Goethe's: 7281:(in German). 7276: 7251: 7238: 7216: 7207: 7192:by removing 7179: 7153: 7144:22 September 7142:. 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Murray 3527:Goethe Basin 3512: 3437: 3424: 3407: 3398: 3392: 3386: 3380: 3371: 3365: 3356: 3347: 3341: 3332: 3323: 3317: 3306: 3295: 3289: 3284: 3276: 3267: 3258: 3244: 3230: 3225:Nikola Tesla 3206: 3182: 3177: 3173: 3167: 3137: 3131: 3123: 3112: 3105: 3082: 3065: 3058:George Eliot 3049: 3045: 3039: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3002: 2995: 2980: 2972: 2969: 2965: 2963: 2904:epigrammatic 2901: 2878: 2872: 2866: 2862: 2859:Schopenhauer 2795: 2791: 2786:Lincoln Park 2766: 2754: 2730: 2717: 2714: 2683:Born into a 2682: 2665: 2661: 2634: 2613: 2604: 2596: 2592: 2586: 2580: 2578: 2567: 2562: 2558: 2554: 2542: 2540: 2532:Ewald Hering 2526: 2516: 2498: 2495:Schopenhauer 2488: 2486: 2474: 2449: 2446: 2441: 2435: 2429: 2425: 2423: 2368: 2360: 2343: 2332: 2315: 2311: 2305: 2282: 2276: 2267: 2243: 2241: 2230: 2216: 2163: 2161: 2156: 2150: 2144: 2142:closet drama 2139: 2133: 2131: 2117: 2107: 2103: 2098: 2071: 2065: 2058: 2052: 2048: 2042: 2032: 2031:(1809), the 2026: 2020: 2014: 2008: 2002: 1994: 1988: 1986: 1979: 1973: 1967: 1963: 1957: 1951: 1939: 1929: 1917: 1911: 1909: 1899:Rudolf Seitz 1887: 1794: 1780: 1764: 1758: 1753: 1745: 1740: 1732: 1727: 1714:Sarah Austin 1702: 1697: 1689: 1676: 1667: 1658: 1647:at Weimar's 1638: 1616: 1607: 1602: 1596: 1590: 1588: 1584: 1568: 1549: 1518: 1493: 1488: 1464: 1456: 1451: 1429: 1416:liberty pole 1397: 1394:George Eliot 1389: 1387: 1378: 1372: 1370: 1366: 1326: 1277: 1249: 1242: 1205: 1203: 1179: 1175: 1157: 1151: 1144: 1114: 1085: 1080: 1062: 1054: 1047: 1045:closet drama 1032: 1020: 1002: 995: 985:Legal career 972: 967: 962: 958: 956: 948: 938: 932: 928: 921: 907: 884: 856:Goethe House 849: 835: 806: 786:Radu Rosetti 778:Transylvania 772: 761: 705: 680:(along with 669: 663: 628: 622: 616: 598: 596: 592:Ducal Palace 573: 535: 529: 492: 491: 453: 296: 289: 282: 268: 261: 254: 248: 211: 90:(1832-03-22) 29: 14572:1832 deaths 14567:1749 births 14435:Josephinism 13911:Junius Frey 13620:Freemasonry 13613:Rationalism 13262:(1975 film) 13254:(1922 film) 13246:(1915 film) 13206:Adaptations 13027:Nelly Sachs 13017:Thomas Mann 12934:Yoko Tawada 12919:Lutz Seiler 12794:Zsuzsa Bánk 12756:Peter Weiss 12736:Georg Trakl 12686:Nelly Sachs 12681:Joseph Roth 12636:Thomas Mann 12566:Franz Kafka 12556:Uwe Johnson 12551:Ernst Jandl 12491:Erich Fried 12260:Jacob Grimm 11882:Romanticism 11762:Romanticism 11584:Charles III 11425:Poniatowski 11362:Leeuwenhoek 11342:de la Court 11330:Netherlands 11174:Mendelssohn 11169:Lichtenberg 11047:Montesquieu 10765:Sapere aude 10748:Rationalism 10743:Rationality 10733:Objectivity 10214:Michałowski 10046:Wackenroder 10011:F. Schlegel 10006:A. Schlegel 9782:Tchaikovsky 9671:Bortkiewicz 9543:R. Schumann 9538:C. Schumann 9503:Kalkbrenner 9472:Saint-Saëns 8777:Anne Brontë 8662:Eichendorff 8647:B. v. Arnim 8642:A. v. Arnim 8452:Weltschmerz 8411:Medievalism 8360:Blue flower 8288:Nationalist 8233:Bohemianism 8145:Romanticism 8095:(2010 film) 8073:(1975 film) 7256:BBC Radio 4 7252:In Our Time 7239:In Our Time 6171:Unseld 1996 6142:, pp. 6140:Unseld 1996 5980:15 November 5614:16 November 4713:hamelika.cz 4489:(in German) 4265:Emil Ludwig 4177: [ 3958:19 February 3802:Wells, John 3749:Don Quixote 3591:Pronounced 3302:Thomas Mann 3272:Emil Ludwig 3163: 1797 3101:Thomas Mann 3048:(1824) and 2985:esotericist 2912:Romanticism 2880:Don Quixote 2807:linguistics 2746:medievalism 2637:freethinker 2421:, Germany. 2411:Vicq d'Azyr 2409:(1779) and 2375:naturalists 2308:Hippocrates 2285:, such as " 2168:Louis Spohr 1944:best-seller 1936:Romanticism 1801: [ 1777:Descendants 1771:Franz Liszt 1724:John Ruskin 1692:Mehr Licht! 1682: [ 1662:Mehr Licht! 1645:Ducal Vault 1440:Karl August 1399:Middlemarch 1303:Goethe, by 1253:Saxe-Weimar 1226:Abel Seyler 1199: 1775 1081:Volkspoesie 998:) Schönkopf 841: [ 698:Shakespeare 570:Karl August 566:Saxe-Weimar 546:Abel Seyler 473:(from 1779) 465:(from 1775) 112:, statesman 14817:Pantheists 14702:Epic poets 14556:Categories 13650:Jacobinism 13639:Secularism 13601:Liberalism 13002:Paul Heyse 12949:Jan Wagner 12631:Klaus Mann 12616:Gert Ledig 12601:Karl Kraus 12526:Georg Heym 12496:Max Frisch 12461:Paul Celan 12396:Vicki Baum 12295:Paul Heyse 12087:Hans Sachs 12047:Simon Dach 11604:Villarroel 11599:Jovellanos 11535:Radishchev 11482:Micu-Klein 11420:Niemcewicz 11387:Swammerdam 11377:Nieuwentyt 11367:Mandeville 11222:Farmakidis 11108:Burlamaqui 11017:La Mettrie 10992:Fontenelle 10947:d'Argenson 10942:d'Alembert 10866:Harrington 10792:Utopianism 10692:Liberalism 10649:Empiricism 10624:Classicism 10614:Capitalism 10089:Chassériau 10064:Aivazovsky 9772:Rubinstein 9757:Mussorgsky 9706:Wieniawski 9691:Paderewski 9533:Moszkowski 9316:Vörösmarty 9306:Shevchenko 9160:Longfellow 9084:Batyushkov 9079:Baratynsky 9048:Espronceda 8915:Mickiewicz 8910:Malczewski 8877:Wordsworth 8862:M. Shelley 8817:de Quincey 8682:Günderrode 8566:Baudelaire 8446:Wanderlust 8283:Lake Poets 8033:Goetheanum 7567:Prometheus 7479:Epiphanias 7357:Faded Page 7210:March 2024 7049:Cencrastus 6732:(4): 162. 6173:, p. 5338:9 February 5269:Gramophone 5193:See also: 4925:(II): 32. 4898:(II): 17. 4389:. Vol. 1: 4372:. Vol. 1: 4186:Schultheiß 4091:: 137–139. 4063:Vorfahren" 3891:. UNESCO. 3760:References 3694:; German: 3521:Dora Stock 3352:T. J. Reed 3185:Adam Smith 3054:"The Tale" 2992:Goetheanum 2947:Goetheanum 2908:Classicism 2823:aphoristic 2819:iron oxide 2811:mineralogy 2648:, and the 2591:, and the 2456:Torricelli 2407:Broussonet 2363:morphology 2326:See also: 2235:(1786) by 2221:Goetheanum 2099:The short 1938:. Indeed, 1679:Carl Vogel 1655:Last words 1515:Later life 1346:pilgrimage 1321:See also: 1214:Grand Duke 1137:highwayman 1117:Licentiate 1088:Sessenheim 1035:. The inn 799:Hungarians 747:Early life 410:(grandson) 277:Prometheus 105:Occupation 71:1749-08-28 14712:Fabulists 14132:Beda Mayr 12169:Jean Paul 12057:Hans Folz 11969:Minnesang 11725:Jefferson 11667:Hutcheson 11556:Obradović 11525:Lomonosov 11520:Kheraskov 11430:Śniadecki 11194:Weishaupt 11189:Thomasius 11179:Pufendorf 11022:Lavoisier 11007:d'Holbach 11002:Helvétius 10982:Descartes 10977:Condorcet 10972:Condillac 10906:Priestley 10723:Modernity 10644:Democracy 10529:Modernism 10189:Kiprensky 10149:Géricault 10134:Friedrich 10124:Delacroix 10099:Constable 10079:Bonington 10069:Bierstadt 10021:Senancour 9996:Schelling 9951:Lamennais 9946:Khomyakov 9911:Coleridge 9906:Chaadayev 9813:Stanković 9808:Mokranjac 9727:Balakirev 9686:Moniuszko 9635:Donizetti 9630:Cherubini 9528:Meyerbeer 9513:Marschner 9488:Beethoven 9401:Moscheles 9335:Musicians 9321:Wergeland 9286:Orbeliani 9241:Grundtvig 9145:Hawthorne 9114:Zhukovsky 9109:Vyazemsky 9094:Lermontov 9053:Gutiérrez 9012:Radičević 8976:Herculano 8900:Krasiński 8842:Radcliffe 8812:Coleridge 8787:E. Brontë 8782:C. Brontë 8712:Jean Paul 8707:Hölderlin 8596:Lamartine 8533:Magalhães 8523:Guimarães 8431:Pantheism 8421:Nostalgia 8273:Indianism 8221:Movements 8152:Countries 7848:Propyläen 7194:excessive 7058:0264-0856 6925:8 January 6305:3 January 6237:162003813 6042:161893614 6034:1080-6598 5821:, p. 1121 5709:28 August 5688:28 August 5640:28 August 5538:8 January 5460:28 August 5426:2 January 5309:28 August 4793:Todd 2003 4769:Todd 2003 4570:0028-7504 3948:151051482 3866:3 January 3765:Citations 3229:Goethe's 3213:evolution 3152:Alexander 2924:Beethoven 2889:Montaigne 2847:Carl Jung 2803:evolution 2773:Influence 2757:Freemason 2705:Black Sea 2658:Nietzsche 2642:Eckermann 2616:pederasty 2575:Eroticism 2563:The Typus 2256:Beethoven 2192:Schnittke 2114:archetype 1922:(German: 1809:Strengite 1766:Lohengrin 1763:'s opera 1742:Eckermann 1728:Præterita 1726:, in his 1617:Harzreise 1457:In 1794, 1139:from the 1126:Darmstadt 862:, then a 860:Frankfurt 825:and then 823:Maramureș 803:Maramureș 801:from the 716:Beethoven 690:Montaigne 609:dramatist 560:. 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