36:
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to attend the funeral of Joseph
Banadzem, the Parliamentary group leader of the SDF. He was released shortly afterwards, with the SDF describing the whole affair as a "misunderstanding" that was quickly solved. It was revealed the next day that the separatists had kidnapped Fru Ndi in order to get a
286:
unsuccessfully sought for the election to be annulled by the
Supreme Court. Amidst the outbreak of violence in the North-West Province that followed the election, Fru Ndi was placed under house arrest in late October 1992. After about a month, he was released. On 20 January 1993, Fru Ndi, along with
266:
Fru Ndi was the founder of the SDF, an opposition party, in 1990. He was elected as the SDF's
National Chairman at its First Ordinary National Convention, held in Bamenda in May 1992. After that, he was popularly known as "The Chairman". He campaigned for the rights of the English-speaking minority
405:
In June 2019, Fru Ndi stated that while he was not a separatist, the government "was pushing him" in that direction. Fru Ndi made a point of always travelling without a security escort whenever he visited the
Anglophone regions, stating that he was not afraid of his own people – including
920:
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and called for it to be annulled; in the election, the SDF won the second highest number of seats but was far behind the ruling RDPC, which won an overwhelming majority of seats. After the election, Fru Ndi said that Biya should recognize him as the official leader of the opposition.
901:
882:
332:
Fru Ndi said on 14 November 2007 that he would be willing to meet with Biya. He said that Biya had not invited him to meet and that he had tried to meet Biya several times, contradicting Biya's statement on French television that Fru Ndi had not responded to his invitation.
282:, losing with 36% of the vote against Biya's 40% according to official results (in Fru Ndi's stronghold, Northwest Province, he officially won 86.3%). This election was condemned as fraudulent by the opposition, and Fru Ndi and third place opposition candidate
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chance to talk to him. In a video that appeared online, gunmen asked the SDF leader to withdraw all SDF legislators from the
National Assembly and the senate. Fru Ndi replied that he would not, stating that doing so would be counterproductive.
409:
September 2019, Fru Ndi was abducted from his residence in
Bamenda by separatist fighters who demanded his support for their cause. He was later released unharmed, but the incident highlighted the growing insecurity in the anglophone regions.
898:
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Fru Ndi's first wife, Susan, died after giving birth in 1973. His second wife, Rose, to whom he was married for over 25 years, died in 2004. They had had several children. After her death he established a charitable foundation in her name.
879:
377:
marked the creation of the upper house of
Parliament; previously only the National Assembly had existed. Fru Ndi failed to win a seat in the Senate. He alleged that the ruling party had bribed some SDF local councilors.
366:, placing a distant second behind Biya. A few days after the election, on 17 October 2011, Fru Ndi, alongside other presidential candidates, called an emergency meeting to demand that Biya annul the election.
499:"Pioneer Members of the SDF National Executive Committee (1992–1999) elected at the 1st Ordinary National Convention of the Party, holding at the Catholic Mission Hall Big Mankon, Bamenda, May 21–26, 1992"
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295:, and Fru Ndi's presence at the event had a symbolic impact in Cameroon, giving the impression of recognition and legitimacy in light of Fru Ndi's claim to have won the 1992 election.
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370:
309:; according to official results, he took second place with 17.40% of the vote against 70.92% for Biya. He received his best results in Northwest Province (68.16%), followed by
1017:
302:. Fru Ndi was re-elected as SDF Chairman at the party's fifth congress in April 1999, receiving 1,561 votes from delegates against 40 for his challenger, Chretien Tabetsing.
413:
Despite his efforts to promote peace, Fru Ndi faced criticism from some anglophone activists, who accused him of not doing enough to challenge the government's actions.
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863:
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201:(SDF), the main opposition party in Cameroon, from party foundation in 1990 to his death in 2023. He failed to be elected as a senator in 2013.
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separatists burned down his house in
Bamenda. On 19 April 2019, his brother was kidnapped by gunmen, who demanded a ransom. Eight days later
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Fru Ndi attended school in
Cameroon at the Baforchu Basel Mission and the Santa Native Authority before going to
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Joseph-Marie Zambo
Belinga, "An explanation of electoral attitudes in Cameroon 1990–92: a new appraisal", in
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197:(7 July 1941 – 12 June 2023) was a Cameroonian politician who served as first and founding Chairman of the
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Liberal Democracy and Its Critics in Africa: Political Dysfunction and the Struggle for Social Progress
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652:"Cameroon: Fru Ndi re -elected Social Democratic Front chairman", Agence France-Presse, 19 April 1999.
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and the "death of democracy" in Cameroon. Fru Ndi indicated that he believed the 2008 changes to the
345:
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611:(2003), ed. Julius Omozuanvbo Ihonvbere and John Mukum Mbaku, Greenwood Publishing Group, page 97.
938:"John Fru Ndi, leader of Cameroon's main opposition party and critic of president, dies at 81"
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1007:
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8:
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I Will Not Recall Senators, MPs From Biya's Parliament, Fru Ndi Tells Ambazonia Fighters
609:
Political Liberalization and Democratization in Africa: Lessons from Country Experiences
373:, Fru Ndi stood as a candidate in the Northwest Province, his primary support base. The
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Fru Ndi died at his home in Yaoundé, on 12 June 2023, at the age of 81. An obituary by
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of Cameroon. The title of Ni (a mark of respect) was given to him when he was born.
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Fru Ndi took a critical stance against the Cameroonian government's handling of the
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John Mukum Mbaku, "Decolonization, Reunification and Federation in Cameroon", in
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Nantang Jua, "The Power Elite, the State, and Transition Politics in Cameroon",
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86:
700:"Le SDF exige l'annulation des législatives et municipales au Cameroun"
622:
African State and Society in the 1990s: Cameroon's Political Crossroads
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131:
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on 21 April 2008 to commemorate the individuals who died during the
287:
his wife Rose, attended the inauguration of United States President
235:
Fru Ndi ran a bookstore in Bamenda, the Ebibi Book Centre, headed a
232:
In 1966, Fru Ndi returned to Cameroon and began selling vegetables.
992:
426:
352:
861:
Cameroon: SDF Chairman Ni John Fru Ndi released after brief kidnap
298:
Along with other opposition parties, the SDF chose to boycott the
832:, Journal du Cameroun, 18 October 2018. Accessed 19 October 2018.
221:
210:
291:. He and Rose were photographed with Clinton and Clinton's wife
526:"John Fru Ndi obituary: Cameroon's brave champion of democracy"
634:"Cameroon: IRIN-WA Special Briefing on Presidential Elections"
870:, Journal du Cameroun, 27 April 2019. Accessed 27 April 2019.
851:, Journal du Cameroun, 22 April 2019. Accessed 22 April 2019.
770:"Cancel Election Or Face Consequences, Opposition Tells Biya"
394:
256:
889:, The National Times, 28 April 2019. Accessed 28 April 2019.
559:
The Leadership Challenge in Africa: Cameroon Under Paul Biya
35:
978:
561:(2004), ed. John Mukum Mbaku and Joseph Takougang, page 34.
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927:, The National Times, 15 June 2019. Accessed 15 June 2019.
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I'll Never Request For Security Escort In Cameroon-Fru Ndi
362:
Fru Ndi again stood unsuccessfully as a candidate in the
908:, The National Times, 2 June 2019. Accessed 2 June 2019.
899:
I'm Not A Secessionist But I'm Being Pushed To……-Fru Ndi
574:(2005), ed. Tukumbi Lumumba-Kasongo, Zed Books, page 51.
355:
of Cameroon and that the changes would institutionalize
385:, a war that affected him personally. In October 2018,
723:"Cameroon: Fru Ndi claims status as opposition leader"
735:"L'opposant John Fru Ndi prĂŞt Ă rencontrer Paul Biya"
267:
in the mostly French-speaking country, but wanted a
224:to study (at Lagos City College) and work in 1957.
1018:Cameroon People's Democratic Movement politicians
999:
796:"Cameroun : John Fru Ndi, la gifle !"
1038:Social Democratic Front (Cameroon) politicians
823:Cameroon:Fru Ndi's residence goes up in flames
751:Le Sdf appelle à une journée de deuil national
456:"A Brief Narrative on the Man Ni John Fru Ndi"
348:were intended to enable President Biya to be
278:, he made a strong showing against President
259:Central constituency during the single-party
972:A Brief Narrative on the Man Ni John Fru Ndi
429:called him a "brave champion of democracy".
204:
842:Cameroon: John Fru Ndi's brother kidnapped
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34:
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518:
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489:(2006), ed. Thomas M. Leonard, page 1116.
662:Candidates list on 2004 election website
620:Milton H. Krieger and Joseph Takougang,
725:, African Press Agency, 23 August 2007.
681:2004 candidate results page for Fru Ndi
589:"Chronology for Westerners in Cameroon"
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336:On 12 April 2008, Fru Ndi called for a
239:club from 1979 to 1988, and headed the
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251:Fru Ndi was a candidate of the ruling
243:branch in Bamenda from 1987 to 1988.
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305:Fru Ndi was the SDF candidate in the
253:Cameroon People's Democratic Movement
776:from the original on 22 October 2011
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487:Encyclopedia of the Developing World
485:Nantang Jua, "Ndi, Ni John Fru", in
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263:, losing to a different RDPC list.
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64:13 May 1990 – 12 June 2023
13:
772:. Cameroon News. 19 October 2011.
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439:
364:October 2011 presidential election
307:October 2004 presidential election
300:October 1997 presidential election
276:October 1992 presidential election
209:Fru Ndi was born in Baba II, near
16:Cameroonian politician (1941–2023)
14:
1049:
964:
948:from the original on 13 June 2023
624:(2000), Westview Press, page 161.
536:from the original on 13 June 2023
993:http://www.thepostwebedition.com
326:July 2007 parliamentary election
1023:Cameroonian democracy activists
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342:2008 anti-government protests
324:Fru Ndi alleged fraud in the
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709:, Panapress, 2 August 2007
261:1988 parliamentary election
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371:April 2013 Senate election
359:, immunity, and inertia.
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794:Clarisse Juompan-Yakam,
391:he was kidnapped himself
338:national day of mourning
241:Lions Club International
205:Early life and education
177:(died 2004)
163:(died 1973)
1028:Cameroonian Protestants
828:20 October 2018 at the
639:17 January 2008 at the
417:Personal life and death
199:Social Democratic Front
143:Social Democratic Front
52:Social Democratic Front
980:Website of SDF Germany
705:18 August 2007 at the
885:28 April 2019 at the
866:27 April 2019 at the
847:22 April 2019 at the
756:13 April 2008 at the
686:15 March 2007 at the
667:13 March 2007 at the
975:by Sarli Sardou Nana
923:18 June 2019 at the
461:8 March 2005 at the
228:Work before politics
1033:People from Bamenda
904:3 June 2019 at the
594:1 June 2010 at the
454:Sarli Sardou Nana,
284:Maigari Bello Bouba
801:1 May 2013 at the
643:, 11 October 1997.
504:4 May 2007 at the
319:Southwest Province
271:, unified nation.
215:Northwest Province
393:, while visiting
383:Anglophone Crisis
375:indirect election
315:Littoral Province
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75:Party established
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97:Personal details
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317:(32.71%), and
255:(RDPC) in the
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346:Constitution
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289:Bill Clinton
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195:John Fru Ndi
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127:(2023-06-12)
125:12 June 2023
82:Succeeded by
74:
59:
28:John Fru Ndi
18:
1013:2023 deaths
1008:1941 births
811:(in French)
739:(in French)
711:(in French)
112:7 July 1941
87:Joshua Osih
70:Preceded by
1002:Categories
780:26 October
433:References
387:Ambazonian
357:corruption
321:(30.59%).
313:(45.04%),
134:, Cameroon
108:1941-07-07
280:Paul Biya
157:Susan Ndi
114:Baba II,
60:In office
946:Archived
921:Archived
902:Archived
883:Archived
864:Archived
845:Archived
826:Archived
799:Archived
774:Archived
754:Archived
703:Archived
684:Archived
665:Archived
637:Archived
592:Archived
534:Archived
530:BBC News
502:Archived
459:Archived
427:BBC News
353:dictator
350:lifelong
237:football
171:Rose Ndi
952:13 June
942:AP NEWS
540:13 June
369:In the
293:Hillary
274:In the
269:federal
222:Nigeria
213:in the
211:Bamenda
179:
175:
165:
161:
149:Spouses
132:Yaoundé
395:Kumbo
257:Mezam
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159:
954:2023
782:2011
542:2023
122:Died
102:Born
193:Ni
1004::
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25:Ni
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