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or Norris's
Obelisk, on top of a hill 2 miles (3.2 km) east of his house at Hawley. The tower is 21 miles (34 km) due south of West Wycombe church, and some accounts state that it had a golden ball on top of it, matching the one on the West Wycombe church tower, but this is not shown on
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Various reasons have been put forward to explain why
Dashwood and Norris needed to signal information between themselves. One explanation was that the two men signalled bets to each other, but it has been suggested that they were involved in an espionage network, and that during the period of the
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In 1751 (or 1761–1763 according to some sources), Dashwood had built a hollow wooden ball covered with gold leaf, 8 feet (2.4 m) in diameter, with wooden seats for several people inside, on top of the tower of
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Norris had five illegitimate children by his housekeeper, Deborah Busby, of which three survived: Elizabeth Norris (who married
Richard Bevan), John Norris (1774–1845), and
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from 1765 to 1781. This theory is supported by a letter written by Norris, dated 3 June 1778, in which he notes: "Did this day heliograph intelligence from
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Norris' father, Robert Norris (d. 1751) was a prosperous merchant in London, but through misfortune or mismanagement he lost all his money, and ended up in
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early pictures of the tower. It has been widely speculated that Norris and
Dashwood signalled to each other from the top of the two towers, either using
122:(1779‑1858). John inherited his father's lands and properties, and was considered to be the wealthiest commoner in England. Charles was a
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and writer who is best known for his landscape work of the Welsh countryside, especially the area around
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The
History and Antiquities of the Hundred of Desborough, and Deanery of Wycombe, in Buckinghamshire
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at West
Wycombe. A little later, around 1765–1770, Norris built a brick tower, now known as the
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Cylchgrawn
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On his father's death, John Norris inherited land and property in
29:(1721 – 29 June 1786) was an English merchant and a member of the
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of his family, and he had a close friendship with the notorious
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The Silent War: a
History of Western Naval Intelligence
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Landor: A Biography of the Writer Walter Savage Landor
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Norris passed secret information to
Dashwood, who was
318:. R. Faulder and B. and J. White. pp. 304–305.
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388:https://archive.org/details/antiquary13appegoog
253:"Charles Norris, Tenby Artist, and his Family"
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491:. Arcade Publishing. pp. 319–320.
354:Headley, Gwyn; Meulenkamp, Wim (1996).
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278:. Fields, Osgood & co. p. 3.
459:. David & Charles. p. 21.
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529:Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford
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276:Walter Savage Landor: A Biography
60:The young Norris was educated at
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489:The Temple and the Lodge
314:Langley, Thomas (1797).
138:Magdalen College, Oxford
78:Magdalen College, Oxford
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333:. Aurum. p. 220.
274:Forster, John (1869).
223:in Paris to Wycombe".
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358:. Cape. p. 225.
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70:Christ Church, Oxford
289:Field, Jean (2000).
192:St Lawrence's Church
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82:Doctor of Civil Law
72:. He was offered a
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437:29 November
221:Dr Franklin
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168:black sheep
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513:Categories
227:References
33:. He was
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41:Biography
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487:(1991).
455:(1978).
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
