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1217:, Anna and Joanna came to live with him in Bethlehem, where they lived a happier life for two years, partaking in social events and exploring the local rivers and countryside. After Wharton sold his interest in zinc, they returned to Philadelphia. Although Wharton often traveled to oversee his properties or develop business connections, he never again lived apart from the family. He purchased a country estate several miles north of Philadelphia, called "Ontalauna", and bought a
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508:, and had several large brick buildings and smokestacks. Wharton renamed the Camden plant the American Nickel Works, and his office there became his center of operations. However, the use of nickel in coinage was temporarily halted, and soon the Camden plant burned. Wharton rebuilt it in 1868 and made excellent profits from producing nickel because it became favored for coinage. Wharton won wide acclaim for his malleable nickel, the first in the world, and also for nickel
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1008:, which erupted. Others imagined that the reddish hue might come from iron and steel furnaces because they were known to create a reddish-brown dust. Wharton was curious, and one morning when a light snow was falling, collected some from a field near his house, melted and evaporated it, studying the remaining particles under a microscope, which he had on hand for metallurgy.
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rails, gradually investing more of his own time and energy, but without involvement in the day-to-day operations. He became the largest shareholder with a position on the board of managers, and eventually purchased a controlling share of the company. In 1885, Wharton successfully bid a contract with
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Opposition to the plan emerged in
Philadelphia and in New Jersey, and eventually, a law was passed in New Jersey preventing the export of water. The Bellevue Mansion was taken by the city, but the planned reservoir was never constructed, because of local politics and also because by 1890 water could
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Wharton was active to near the end of his life both physically and in business affairs. Until he was 72, he skated with guests on the pond at his
Ontalauna estate near Philadelphia and would often go on walks with his family after dinner. Throughout his life he partook in physical exercise, total
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and protection when foreign nickel manufacturers opposed his nickel purchasing and manufacture efforts. Wharton by then had learned the value of meeting personally with his managers and regularly inspecting the mines and manufacturing plants with them. He was successful because he worked hard to
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for the works, and in the difficult financial environment of 1857–1858 he took over control of the zinc works, managing it carefully so that it turned a profit. In 1860, Wharton, after some challenging negotiations with the directors of the company, developed for Lehigh Zinc the first plant to
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Wharton matured to a strong frame, 6 feet (1.8 m) in stature, with a serious but cheerful outlook. He was accomplished in sports, including horseback riding, swimming, and rowing on the
Schuylkill River. During the winter, Wharton returned to his parents' home in Philadelphia and studied
1101:" for this purpose. He specified that the Wharton School faculty advocate economic protectionism, as he had when lobbying for American businesses in Washington. However, the school soon began to broaden its outlook to a global one and to teach other disciplines such as
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in 1902. He sold his
American Nickel Works in Camden and the Gap mine for a share in the new company, and was named one of the dozen board members. By this time, the profitability of his business empire did not depend on the manufacture of nickel because he had already
842:. Similar contracts gave the company, renamed the Bethlehem Steel Company, a consistent source of income, and Wharton made slow but steady profits. In 1901 he sold the company but continued to be the largest producer of pig iron in the country because of his extensive
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He read widely in literature and was an accomplished poet. Many of his poems were inspired by trips abroad. He wrote "Stewardson's Yarn" after an 1873 visit to Europe, "The Royal Palm" and "The 'Sweet
Reasonableness' of a Yankee Philistine in Cuba" after a visit to
1206:, but Anna often continued to stay with her parents when Joseph was out of town. She preferred a life of comfort but did not wish to stifle Joseph's ambition. During this time, Wharton lived a spartan life, boarding at a hotel and managing the zinc works in
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as these disciplines gradually coalesced. The
Wharton School was the first to include such a practical focus on business, finance, and management. During its first century through the present day, it was and is widely known as one of the most prominent
459:, and after several trips to sell bricks and the brick-making machines, Wharton found the prospects for making good profits were dim. However, from the endeavor he gained valuable experience. In 1853, Wharton joined the Pennsylvania and Lehigh
369:. At age 16, however, he took the advice of his parents to mature and learn the life of a farmer, a common dream of city-born Hicksite Quakers at the time. For three years, he boarded with Joseph and Abigail Walton on their family farm near
1210:, and Anna cared for their first child Joanna at their home in Philadelphia. Although Joseph returned as often as possible and they communicated often by letter, they felt much stress during this period, and their marriage suffered.
1000:. He has been elected to the Society in 1869. In the winter of 1883–1884 there was a period of several months when sunsets were extraordinarily red worldwide. Some imagined that the red color was from dust dispersed in the
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His factory produced the only nickel in the U.S. and a significant fraction of the world supply. The surface deposits at the Gap mine were eventually depleted, and
Wharton was obliged to purchase nickel ore from a mine in
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with the railroads to carry ore and finished metal products. He maintained an extensive business correspondence and in later life maintained this practice through his vacations. Wharton was a colleague of leaders such as
1064:, a Hicksite Quaker college outside Philadelphia. Swarthmore filled an important need of a college where both men and women could receive a high-quality education in the tradition of Friends not dominated by religion.
604:, along with several others nearby that had been annexed into the city, were threatened with condemnation by the city for the construction of a new reservoir to hold potable water. Wharton started purchasing land in
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As a boy, Wharton attended two Quaker boarding schools in the towns outside of
Philadelphia and also several private schools in the city. Between the age of 14 and 16, Wharton was prepared for college by a private
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Wharton wrote extensively on economic matters, including protective tariffs and business cycles. In the last half of the 19th century, business education typically consisted mainly of training on the job or an
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section of
Philadelphia. On his deathbed, he donated the land to the City of Philadelphia as a "Christmas gift". After his death, the Wharton family continued to hold gatherings at the family mansion at
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and the younger sister of his brother
Charles' wife, in 1854 in a Quaker ceremony. After living with Anna's family for several months, the couple moved into a house belonging to his mother near 12th and
1034:, and made the analogy to a train whistle which changes tone as it passes. Wharton was one of the most accomplished metallurgists in the U.S. during his lifetime, and certainly the most widely known.
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floating in the ocean, evidently spewed out by Krakatoa. Wharton obtained some pumice from one of the ship's crew, compared it with the dust he had collected, and found almost identical particles.
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manufacture metallic zinc in America. Looking into the next business cycle, he leased the plant for four years and eventually made a robust profit from the sale of metallic zinc, used in making
652:, obviating the need for an extra reservoir. The estate was instead sold to developers for construction of new housing for the newly organized industry nearby in North Philadelphia.
624:. The water from the Pinelands was relatively pure and he planned to export the water to Philadelphia. Wharton suggested that a city-controlled company could develop the necessary
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Wharton made a robust profit from his nickel business over its 40-year duration, but by 1900 its outlook was fading due to foreign competition. Wharton and a group of other
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In 1893, Wharton presented a paper about the dust to the 150th anniversary meeting of the American Philosophical Society. Wharton also wrote a paper about the use of the
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was upcoming, and Philadelphia was rapidly changing. It was suffering from a water crisis because it required more water, but there was no appropriate method for
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from 1862–1870, and Joseph served on the board from 1870–1909, and from 1883–1907 as its president. He was often on campus and gave many commencement addresses.
341:. Wharton's father was a typical gentleman, and did not hold a regular job because he had several illnesses, but oversaw his estate, served on the Philadelphia
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Wharton gave generously, building a Friends Meeting on campus and also contributing to a science building. His mother Deborah served on the Swarthmore
1090:. Wharton conceived of a school that would teach how to develop and run a business, and to anticipate and deal with the cycles of economic activity.
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of higher quality. With these designs, Bethlehem Iron built the first plant to forge high-strength steel in the United States. The plant fabricated
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302:, were both from prominent early American immigrant families of Quaker descent. Both of Wharton's grandmothers were named Hannah and were from
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Proceedings commemorative of the 150th anniversary of the American Philosophical Society Held at Philadelphia for Promoting Useful Knowledge
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and the Wharton brothers tried but failed to develop a profitable method to extract it. In 1849 Wharton started a business manufacturing
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Wharton became widely known as a leader of the Industrial League of manufacturing concerns, and the main lobbyist and President of the
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In 1981, a Joseph Wharton 18-cent commemorative postal stamp was issued to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the
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that arrived in port in Philadelphia, a course that took a few hundred miles from Krakatoa. It had been slowed by a huge amount of
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Wharton's daughter Joanna married noted Philadelphia publisher, J. Bertram Lippincott, in 1887 and named their eldest son
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machine which pressed dry clay into forms. There was substantial competition in the brick business, which was affected by
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abstinence from tobacco, and restricted use of even mild alcoholic drinks. When he was nearly 80, he visited his Nevada
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In 1854, Philadelphia increased its tax base by expanding its borders to include the surrounding suburbs, and after the
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Wharton, Joseph. "Speculations Upon a Possible Method of Determining the Distance of Certain Variably Colored Stars",
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1237:. While he survived the stroke, it left him largely incapacitated. His health gradually worsened until his death in
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710:, constructing for the workers a town of 85 houses and stores along the railway. He also purchased coal land in
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1464:, NY-NJ-CT Botany Online. Accessed October 29, 2015. "1902 – named changed to Wharton to honor Joseph Wharton."
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772:. His management style evolved throughout the latter half of the 1800s, making use of new technology for
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and descending into the mine in a bucket, and when he was 81, he traveled to Germany with his grandson,
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Wharton traveled widely and became involved in many industrial enterprises such as mines, factories and
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1094:
878:, but his lobbying for nickel tariffs was only partially successful, probably because he had a virtual
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370:
345:, and was active with his wife, Deborah, in the Hicksite ministry. The family often visited the nearby
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Biographical Memoranda Concerning Joseph Wharton, 1826–1909 by His Daughter Joanna Wharton Lippincott
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laws protecting U.S. manufacturing. He was a defender of large business and evolved into a staunch
784:, so that he controlled many industries profitably on a larger scale than was previously possible.
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Joseph Wharton Family Papers, 1691–1962, Library of Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania.
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The particles looked like "irregular, flattish, blobby" glass particles. He visited a ship from
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expeditions. In the evenings, Wharton often studied or played history games with the children.
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Weigley, Russell F. (editor), Nicholas B. Wainwright, and Edwin Wolf, 2nd (associate editors).
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When he was 19, Wharton apprenticed with an accountant for two years and became proficient in
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in coins, Wharton in 1863 sold his interest in zinc and started the manufacture of nickel at
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294:, on March 3, 1826, the fifth child of ten in a liberal Hicksite Quaker family. His parents,
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to inspect mines there, and "Mexico" after an 1889 visit to Mexico. A domestic journey to
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Wharton, Joseph. "On Two Peculiar Products from Nickel Manufacture", pp. 365–368 in
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In 1864, Wharton along with his mother Deborah Fisher Wharton and a group of like-minded
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fish factory that produced oil and fertilizer, a modern forestry planting operation, and
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310:, ran a prosperous mercantile business and shipping packet line between Philadelphia and
401:. In their early years, Wharton and his brothers identified with inventors and builders
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In 2004, Wharton was inducted into the Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame.
439:. At 21, he partnered with his older brother Rodman to start a business manufacturing
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1497:
1475:"UCLA QB Josh Rosen is a bonafide star. Now how well can he handle the ensuing fame?"
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rate was among the highest in the nation, and most well-to-do families drank bottled
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of the businesses he acquired, and energetically pursued markets for his products.
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524:, Ontario, Canada. This experience was a challenge to Wharton, who learned about
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Wharton, Joseph. "Dust from the Krakatoa Eruption of 1883", pp. 343–345 in
1365:"Wharton falls off Financial Times' 2023 MBA ranking for first time in 25 years"
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1390:"Joseph Wharton is Dead. Prominent Ironmaker Expires at Home in Philadelphia".
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Wharton's youth was spent in the family's house near Spruce and 4th streets in
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and had dinner on the kaiser's yacht. He continued to oversee his holdings in
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1561:, May 22–26, 1893, American Philosophical Society, 1894, digitized by Google.
1280:, until the 1920s. In 1954, they sold Wharton's vast Pinelands properties in
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901:. He was a personal friend and consultant with several presidents, including
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1452:, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed October 29, 2015.
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In 1908, Wharton created Fisher Park, a 23-acre (93,000 m) park in the
913:. Wharton entertained distinguished internationally known guests, including
504:. The Camden plant was located on the east side of 10th Street, adjacent to
443:. Wharton's chemistry mentor, Martin Boye, had developed a method to refine
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266:. He was involved in mining, manufacturing, and education. He founded the
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in the 1870s, eventually acquiring 150 square miles (390 km) in the
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by Hexamer and Son, Inc. 419 Walnut St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1890
1305:, originally known as Port Oram, was renamed to honor Joseph Wharton.
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Plan of Wharton's American Nickel Works in Camden, NJ, Survey #23442345
1515:. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1909. Printed for private circulation.
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to see his gold mines there resulted in "The Buttes of the Canyon".
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2023 MBA rankings for the first time since the ranking's inception.
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262:(March 3, 1826 – January 11, 1909) was an American
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Wharton, Joseph. Letter to the editor on plans for water supply,
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on production in the U.S. In 1873 the world was in a very trying
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Historic and Architectural Resources of Jamestown, Rhode Island
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under his great-great-grandfather, Thomas Wharton (1664-1718).
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for their three children, Joanna, Mary, and Anna, to ride on
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manufacture in Pennsylvania and iron in northern New Jersey.
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Later, when Joseph was more secure in his job manufacturing
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Richardson, Charles Henry. Description of nickel mining in
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in the world. In 2023, the Wharton School fell off of the
314:, and his grandmother, Hannah Rodman, was a descendant of
1109:, and introduced the teaching of business management and
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1751:
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania people
1308:
Wharton is the great-great-great grandfather of former
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to the state of New Jersey, which now form the core of
874:. He successfully lobbied for the use of nickel in the
239:
Joanna W. Lippincott, Mary L. Wharton, Anna W. Morris.
1462:
History of Wharton Borough; Morris County, New Jersey
349:, neighboring estates such as Deborah's grandfather
853:
467:, first managing the mining operation and later the
471:works. Wharton proved himself by negotiating a new
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
500:, taking over a nickel mine and refining works at
1642:
1550:Wharton, Joseph. Article on zinc manufacture in
1580:American Journal of Science and Arts: Series II
1193:Wharton married Anna Corbit Lovering, a fellow
556:
1543:Wharton, Joseph. Article on nickel magnets in
680:farms. Wharton also purchased land containing
1575:, Series II, 49:365–368, digitized by Google.
1671:American businesspeople in the coal industry
798:Through the 1870s Wharton began to buy into
544:and Canadian nickel enterprises formed the
285:
1585:"Hall of Fame: Joseph Wharton 1826–1909",
1093:In 1881, Wharton donated $ 100,000 to the
996:and metallurgy, presenting several to the
984:Wharton was a scientist interested in the
140:
1494:Joseph Wharton: Quaker Industrial Pioneer
827:) to research the designs for a plant to
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
1132:
745:railroads and several others, arranging
416:
278:company, and was one of the founders of
655:
487:
385:, which were useful for learning about
1711:American steel industry businesspeople
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1582:, Vol 40:190–192, digitized by Google.
1496:. Bethlehem: Lehigh University Press.
565:, its population swelled. By 1870 the
1686:American manufacturing businesspeople
1610:Philadelphia Architects and Buildings
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1419:
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1266:Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
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960:. Wharton successfully lobbied for a
512:, and received the Gold Medal at the
1661:19th-century American businesspeople
1602:at the Jamestown Philomenian Library
1573:American Journal of Science and Arts
1449:The Origin of New Jersey Place Names
1268:, in 1896; but Mary never married.
664:. He started several enterprises on
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
1244:He is buried in the family plot at
546:International Nickel Company (Inco)
337:, a country mansion in present-day
13:
1420:Leong, Jeanne (January 19, 2012).
1241:on January 11, 1909, at age 82.
819:, and in 1886 he visited England (
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553:into other profitable businesses.
397:at the Philadelphia laboratory of
306:. Wharton's maternal grandfather,
16:American industrialist (1826–1909)
14:
1762:
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1030:to determine their distance from
1026:on the color of light emitted by
992:on a variety of topics including
899:American Iron and Steel Institute
854:Politics and distinguished guests
737:. Wharton became involved in the
492:Hoping to profit from the use of
1726:Businesspeople from Philadelphia
1587:Engineering & Mining Journal
1530:Philadelphia: A 300 Year History
1422:"For the Record: Joseph Wharton"
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249:
184:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
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1532:. New York: W.W. Norton, 1982.
1233:In 1907, Wharton experienced a
972:to allow more participation of
632:, funded by public purchase of
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41:needs additional citations for
19:For the American merchant, see
1706:American railway entrepreneurs
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1424:. Penn Current. Archived from
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998:American Philosophical Society
858:Over several decades, Wharton
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1721:Businesspeople in agriculture
1635:Biography at virtualology.com
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1099:School of Finance and Economy
966:Pennsylvania General Assembly
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1606:Bellevue (Wharton Residence)
1511:Lippincott, Joanna Wharton.
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706:He purchased a coal mine in
557:Estate, water and New Jersey
7:
1676:American business theorists
1552:American Journal of Science
1545:American Journal of Science
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1767:
1630:Swarthmore College website
1095:University of Pennsylvania
1078:
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979:
976:in enterprises with risk.
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502:Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania
371:West Chester, Pennsylvania
272:University of Pennsylvania
166:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
21:Joseph Wharton (1707–1776)
18:
1741:Swarthmore College people
1681:American chief executives
1666:American company founders
1614:Athenaeum of Philadelphia
1262:Joseph Wharton Lippincott
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1163:Joseph Wharton Lippincott
1143:Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania
1004:worldwide by the volcano
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1736:Pennsylvania Republicans
1696:American philanthropists
1492:Yates, W. Ross. (1987).
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1204:Center City Philadelphia
514:Paris Exposition of 1878
457:cyclical business swings
331:Center City Philadelphia
286:Early life and education
1208:Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
1137:Wharton's tombstone in
616:replenished by several
465:Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
1716:Bethlehem Steel people
1691:American metallurgists
1625:Wharton School website
1149:
800:Bethlehem Iron Company
668:property, including a
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300:Deborah Fisher Wharton
1612:(PAB) project of the
1446:Hutchinson, Viola L.
1157:by canoeing down the
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1079:Further information:
1060:were the founders of
1042:Further information:
792:Further information:
697:Port Oram, New Jersey
612:, which contained an
596:The Wharton family's
567:Centennial Exposition
420:
304:Newport, Rhode Island
1525:. McGraw-Hill, 1913.
1344:search.amphilsoc.org
1340:"APS Member History"
1286:Wharton State Forest
1246:Laurel Hill Cemetery
1139:Laurel Hill Cemetery
970:Limited Partnerships
886:and many industrial
850:and refining works.
770:Cornelius Vanderbilt
708:Western Pennsylvania
656:Mining and railroads
581:rivers were heavily
488:Nickel manufacturing
322:, the co-founder of
290:Wharton was born in
215:Anna Corbit Lovering
50:improve this article
1554:, Sept 1871, p 168.
1396:. January 12, 1909.
1303:Wharton, New Jersey
1116:schools of business
1105:and the developing
1052:from Philadelphia,
907:Rutherford B. Hayes
884:economic depression
1278:Batsto, New Jersey
1165:, to visit Kaiser
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1062:Swarthmore College
1044:Swarthmore College
1038:Swarthmore College
813:United States Navy
602:North Philadelphia
571:water purification
498:Camden, New Jersey
429:
407:Samuel F. B. Morse
393:. He also studied
377:languages such as
339:North Philadelphia
324:Cornell University
318:, the ancestor of
280:Swarthmore College
1589:, February, 1998.
1477:. August 8, 2016.
1428:on April 19, 2016
1069:Board of Managers
990:scientific papers
911:Benjamin Harrison
815:for forged steel
585:. Philadelphia's
274:, co-founded the
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1701:American Quakers
1568:, June 17, 1891.
1566:Evening Bulletin
1523:Economic Geology
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903:Ulysses S. Grant
864:Washington, D.C.
862:successfully in
703:and railroads.
598:Bellevue Mansion
526:market economics
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399:Martin Hans Boyè
347:Schuylkill River
308:Samuel R. Fisher
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359:Quaker Meetings
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1430:. Retrieved
1426:the original
1415:
1408:Philadelphia
1407:
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1028:binary stars
1021:
1010:
988:, and wrote
983:
958:Alfred Krupp
955:metallurgist
943:James Blaine
922:Joseph Leidy
896:
876:U.S. coinage
857:
836:armor plates
797:
767:entrepreneur
755:Ezra Cornell
705:
701:Morris Canal
693:North Jersey
666:South Jersey
659:
642:
606:South Jersey
595:
591:spring water
560:
539:
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506:Cooper Creek
491:
435:methods and
430:
375:
363:
343:School Board
328:
320:Ezra Cornell
292:Philadelphia
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179:(1909-01-11)
127:
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86:
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60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
1656:1909 deaths
1651:1826 births
1378:Yates (1987
1317:quarterback
1202:streets in
1155:silver mine
968:supporting
936:Lord Kelvin
714:, iron and
626:water mains
551:diversified
437:bookkeeping
426: 1850
1645:Categories
1486:References
1320:Josh Rosen
1167:Wilhelm II
1145:, outside
1129:Last years
1002:atmosphere
926:astronomer
915:biologists
872:Republican
848:coal mines
782:production
759:Elias Howe
747:spur lines
727:gold mines
678:sugar beet
650:filtration
600:estate in
579:Schuylkill
531:efficiency
469:zinc oxide
441:white lead
391:technology
355:The Cliffs
204:Republican
190:Occupation
158:1826-03-03
76:newspapers
1349:April 26,
1326:Footnotes
1223:horseback
1054:Baltimore
994:astronomy
933:scientist
752:inventors
674:cranberry
662:railroads
610:Pinelands
563:Civil War
529:increase
482:Civil War
421:Wharton,
395:chemistry
244:Signature
1103:politics
1006:Krakatoa
940:Senators
892:bankrupt
880:monopoly
840:warships
804:pig iron
723:Michigan
670:menhaden
646:purified
583:polluted
575:Delaware
573:and the
453:patented
451:using a
433:business
335:Bellevue
236:Children
106:May 2022
1432:May 17,
1111:finance
980:Science
974:capital
964:in the
860:lobbied
739:Reading
731:Arizona
689:furnace
684:and an
614:aquifer
522:Sudbury
510:magnets
484:years.
473:charter
387:science
333:and at
270:at the
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90:scholar
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1256:Legacy
1235:stroke
1219:donkey
1200:Walnut
1195:Quaker
1183:Nevada
1056:, and
1017:pumice
1013:Manila
953:, and
909:, and
868:tariff
780:, and
765:, and
743:Lehigh
735:Nevada
725:, and
716:copper
634:stocks
618:rivers
494:nickel
449:bricks
413:Career
383:German
379:French
312:London
210:Spouse
168:, U.S.
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1273:Olney
1229:Death
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1032:Earth
890:went
888:firms
832:steel
829:forge
817:armor
808:steel
719:mines
638:bonds
622:lakes
478:brass
367:tutor
224:(
220:
97:JSTOR
83:books
1534:ISBN
1498:ISBN
1434:2012
1351:2021
1312:and
1310:UCLA
1252:.
1215:zinc
1179:Cuba
1171:coke
962:bill
945:and
920:and
866:for
846:and
844:iron
811:the
806:and
761:and
741:and
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686:iron
676:and
636:and
630:pump
628:and
620:and
577:and
533:and
461:Zinc
405:and
389:and
381:and
298:and
174:Died
152:Born
69:news
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