KPS 9566 - Knowledge

787:(then being drafted) should be used for that purpose, and that normative names of characters already assigned cannot be changed, due to the stability policy, although non-normative translations to other languages can be employed. It suggested that a machine-readable mapping file between Unicode and KPS 9566 could be provided by the North Korean body itself, and would be more useful than a printed cross-reference in the standard document. Regarding the proposed additional characters, the response stated that characters which would have compatibility decompositions in Unicode should not be added and that logos, including those of political parties, and special characters for names of particular people should not be added. 816:

names often appear with a different size and font weight in North Korean publications for the purpose of emphasis. A follow-up by South Korean WG2 representatives requested evidence, names in Korean and justifications for adding certain of these characters, and noted that non-emphasised versions of the characters for the leaders' names already existed. A meeting of North and South Korean representatives from WG2 was convened in October 2001, which recommended 47 of the symbol characters for adding to Unicode, and suggested that the leaders' names and WPK symbols be raised for further discussion by WG2.

11639: 11628: 967:(UHC) to encode KPS 9566 rather than Wansung code, with their updated versions of the ISO-IR-202 plane being encoded using pairs of bytes between 0xA1 and 0xFE, and with other two-byte codes used for syllables not present in ISO-IR-202. The order of the extended syllables follows usual KPS 9566 order. Similarly to UHC, they use lead bytes 0x81 and above, and trail bytes from the ranges 0x41–0x5A, 0x61–0x7A and 0x81–0xFE, excluding the range 0xA1–0xFE if the lead byte is 0xA1 or above. 881:, and the flag symbols WHITE FLAG (⚐) and BLACK FLAG (⚑), which were proposed as map symbols for sites of battles and military victories. These characters were proposed for the provisional code points U+270A, U+268E and U+268F respectively, but encoded at the final code points U+2615, U+2690 and U+2691 respectively. They also include a series of directional bold arrows in the range U+2B05 through U+2B0D, excluding a rightward arrow, which was mapped to an existing character in the 37128: 41644: 824:

for the umbrella with rain, equating them to the "keep dry" symbols used on packaging, and raised the question of which lightning bolt and high voltage warning symbols in existing symbol collections could be unified with the proposed "high voltage" character. All three of these characters were accepted into Unicode in version 4.0. It also recommended that the horizontal-barred fractions and the left-up pointing scissors be encoded using a

975:, but with the trail bytes remaining in the UHC-style ranges: like the extended syllables with lead bytes 0xA1 and above, these all use the trail byte ranges 0x41–0x5A, 0x61–0x7A and 0x81–0xA0. Extended Hanja are encoded with lead bytes between 0xC8 and 0xDC, extended symbols are encoded using lead bytes between 0xE0 and 0xEA, and extended codes with lead bytes between 0xEC and 0xFE are mapped, without gaps, to the 11210: 3352: 3376: 3365: 3343: 11106:

subsequent meeting was held to discuss this proposal, attended by North and South Korean WG2 representatives; the meeting report notes that the North Korean body had decided to review the character before discussing it further, and therefore did not recommend it for consideration by WG2 as a whole. The postal mark triangle was subsequently removed from KPS 9566 in 2003, leaving only the unenclosed postal mark.

11221: 2018: 25: 425:(DBCS) for their writing systems, since the number of characters representable in a single-byte code was not sufficient. In an ISO 2022 compliant DBCS, every character can be represented with two ASCII printing character bytes; the location of a character can be referenced by these byte values, or by two numbers from 1 to 94 (a 894:

with raindrops from the North Korean proposal, these characters were also added in Unicode 4.0, at the same time as the flags and the beverage symbol. Although proposed for the provisional code points U+2618, U+267F and U+267E, they were given the final code points U+2614, U+26A1 and U+26A0 respectively.

11105:

representative, amongst other requests, requested evidence for the symbol's use in North Korea, noting that the Japanese-style postal mark is not used in South Korea, which uses a circled 우 (i.e. ㉾) for a similar purpose, and enquiring whether a Japanese-style postal mark was in use in North Korea. A

893:

in use represented the same character as the one from the North Korean proposal, and which glyph would be best to include for it in the Unicode code chart, and following modification of the code chart glyph of the existing umbrella character without rain (U+2602, ☂) to harmonise with the new umbrella

692:

Besides the mapping of these Hanja (excluding those also in KPS 9566) to Unicode, little was known about the KPS 10721 standard outside of North Korea prior to 2022. North Korean reference glyphs were provided for only a subset of these Hanja in the Unicode code charts, due to a lack of suitable font

987:

This chart details the overall layout of the main plane of the KPS 9566 character set by lead byte. For lead bytes used for characters other than composed Chosŏn'gŭl syllables or Hanja, links are provided to charts on this page listing the characters encoded under that lead byte. For lead bytes used

935:

with a downward pointing triangle was included in KPS 9566-97 but removed in KPS 9566-2003 after the North Korean body had withdrawn it from their Unicode proposal for review in response to requests from the South Korean body for evidence of the symbol's use in North Korea. This mark was re-proposed

790:

In July 2000, the North Korean body wrote to WG2, accusing them of developing both versions of the Unicode encoding for Korean on the basis of South Korean proposals only, without consulting North Korea, accusing them putting the commercial interests of companies and fears of international confusion

770:

charts, the addition of 80 symbol characters from KPS 9566 which did not have existing Unicode mappings, a resolution to the difference in collation order between KPS 9566 and Unicode (due to the order of the characters in Unicode following the South Korean encodings) and the addition of 8 combining

11084:

block, additional arrows were encoded between U+2B05 and U+2B0D for compatibility with KPS 9566. These were incorporated into the Unicode code charts using the reference glyphs proposed by the North Korean national body, while U+27A1 retained its reference glyph based on Zapf Dingbats. These arrows

907:

used in Japanese broadcasting, which include several characters now classified as emoji, and was mapped to Unicode in Unicode 5.2. However, the pair of white and black flags used as emoji or in emoji regional and identity flag sequences is a different, "waving" set added in Unicode 7.0 (U+1F3F3 🏳

867:

block added in Unicode 4.1), and also includes several additional Hanja and symbols encoded outside of the ISO-IR-202 plane. Several of these additional symbols are also mapped to the Private Use Area; however, their identity is not known, since no names or reference glyphs for those characters are

815:

symbol was named the "Hammer and Sickle and Brush", renamed from "Mark of the Workers' Party of Korea" in earlier versions of the proposal, and justified as being used as an identifying symbol on maps. As justification for the proposed characters for leaders' names, they explained that the leaders'

708:

app, which was used to correct some errors in the KPS-10721-to-Unicode mapping data and to supply new North Korean reference glyphs for the Unicode code charts; while doing so, the mappings of KPS 9566 Hanja to KPS 10721 were also deduced. The existing reference glyphs were updated in Unicode 15 in

823:

be accepted as a more general "hot beverage" symbol, equating it with symbols used in guidebooks to denote hot or non-alcoholic beverages. It also recommended that the reference glyph for the existing codepoint for an umbrella without rain be modified to harmonise with the proposed reference glyph

385:

of the code, allowing countries to replace a few less commonly used codes with their own required characters. At the same time, work on defining extension mechanisms for ASCII was underway, with the intention of being applicable to both 7-bit and 8-bit environments. This was completed in 1973 and

11093:

repertoire in Unicode 7.0, the Unicode coverage of arrow characters was reviewed, resulting in an additional rightward arrow being added at U+2B95 with the intent of harmonising with characters U+2B05 through U+2B0D (in text presentation), since changing the reference glyph for the Zapf Dingbats

810:

In September 2001, the North Korean national body submitted a revised series of proposals requesting the addition of several KPS 9566 and KPS 10721 characters, including 70 symbol characters, to Unicode. In this version of the proposal, a section of document excerpts demonstrating use of several

778:

representative in March 2000, opposing several of the points and elaborating on Sweden's vote against the proposal. This response stated that changing the encoding of the Korean characters again would cause major disruption, even more so than the first time, which was done when comparatively few

798:

In August 2000, the North Korean national body submitted a more detailed version of their requests in a series of five consecutive proposals. These requested the addition of 14 additional jamo characters, the addition of 82 symbol characters, and the use of the term "Korean alphabet" instead of

537:

to the list of leaders. The publicly available code chart for the 1997 edition of KPS 9566 shows a ISO 2022 94×94 plane. The more recent editions, from what sources of information are available outside of North Korea itself, appear to define additional allocations outside of the EUC plane

12746:

The encoded form documented for KPS 9566-2003 encodes the KPS 9566 plane on GR (0xA1-0xFE) and additionally encodes the remaining syllable clusters using lead bytes in the range 0x80-0xC2 and trail bytes in the ranges 0x41-0x5A, 0x61-0x7A and 0x81-0xFE (where at most one byte is in the range

803:, Swedish and other WG2 representatives in September 2000, in which the North Korean body was asked to provide manuscript evidence for the additional jamo characters, to resubmit their symbols proposal with symbols which had already been accepted into Unicode removed, and to consider using 979:(compare the user-defined ranges in GBK). Several of the characters in the extended symbols section and three in the Hanja section are also mapped to the Unicode Private Use Area; unlike the PUA-mapped symbols in the main ISO-IR-202 plane, the identity of these characters is unknown. 732:). This was done under the assumption that no Unicode-encoded Korean data existed yet, but became known as the "Korean mess", and the responsible committees pledged not to make such an incompatible change in the future, a pledge codified by the Unicode Stability Policy. 876:

Several current Unicode characters were added to Unicode 4.0 as a result of the North Korean proposals, although not always at the original proposed codepoints. These include HOT BEVERAGE (☕, proposed as TEA SYMBOL), which was proposed as a map symbol for marking a

771:

jamo. It also requested for WG2 to edit the existing Unicode character and block names to use the term "Korean character" rather than "Hangul". An expanded version of this proposal, broken into several documents, was submitted as a work item in December 1999.

479:

Wansung code did not encode all possible modern Korean syllables, only a selection of the 2350 most common, although it allowed them to be specified using combining sequences, which often were not supported. An alternative encoding, also South Korean, named

911:

As of 2018, several KPS 9566 characters remained which are not mapped to Unicode. These include the WPK symbol, four triangular marks, a leftward-pointing pair of scissors (excluded on the rationale that contrastive use with the rightward scissors in the

831:

In November 2002, the South Korean body published a set of three-way tables mapping characters between the KPS 9566, KS X 1001 (as EUC-KR) and ISO/IEC 10646 standards as they existed in 2000. These tables had been prepared without input from North Korea.

888:

Other pictographic characters which were included in the North Korean proposal include the umbrella with raindrops (☔), the lightning bolt for high voltage (⚡) and the warning triangle (⚠). Following some discussion about which other high voltage symbol

36865:, but notes that the Unicode character is intended for a significantly different character (a spacing vertical-tilde high diacritic) and also lists the mapping U+F104 (in the Private Use Area), based on mapping data which had been submitted to the 4309:. Conversely, not all of the obsolete jamo encoded by KS X 1001 are encoded in the main plane of KPS 9566. In the 2011 edition of KPS 9566, some of the other historic jamo from KS X 1001 are included outside of the main plane, with the lead byte 584:

standards. KPS 9566 also includes 28 explicitly rotated punctuation characters for vertical typography, which KS X 1001 does not, and encodes each Hanja only once, whereas KS X 1001 encodes several Hanja with multiple readings multiple times.

632:) in a special decorative font (code points 04-72 to 04-74 and 04-75 to 04-77, respectively). The syllables for Kim and Il, which are identical in the spelling of both names, are encoded twice. KPS 9566-2011 additionally includes the name of 43366: 12733: 11080:(U+27A1), although earlier tables (which lacked mappings for the other bold arrows) had instead unified it with U+279E, a slightly different Zapf Dingbats character. Since corresponding arrows in other directions were not included in the 902:

sets, making a total of seven current Unicode emoji which were originally added to Unicode at the request of North Korea. The umbrella with raindrops and the upward, downward and leftward arrows were also unified with characters from the

11109:

The postal mark triangle was eventually added to Unicode in version 13.0, both for compatibility with the legacy KPS 9566-97 character, and subsequent to the mark being identified as a symbol which had been used for certification for

843:

project by an individual using the name "ooprojlover", who stated that they represented the updated version of the KPS 9566 standard and requested that support be added. These files mapped the characters unavailable in Unicode to the

795:'s claims to impartiality. They re-iterated their demand for WG2 and Unicode to "correct" the order of the Korean characters, and to "correct" the names "Hangul Jamo" and "Hangul Syllable" to "Korean Alphabet" and "Korean Syllable". 791:

over respect to North Korea's sovereignty, and stating that North Korea would regard further refusal to change the name and order of the Korean characters in Unicode as an insult to their sovereign dignity and as compromising the

472:, and was first defined by the third edition of the South Korean standard KS C 5601. The first edition had defined an encoding of individual jamo which allowed syllable blocks to be encoded as sequences, which was named 1585:

This set contains common sentence punctuation such as brackets, quotation marks, commas and so forth, as well as presentation forms for use in vertical writing. ASCII punctuation (highlighted) is shown below mapped to

468:, Korean text is properly typeset with these symbols composed into blocks for each syllable. Wansung code included individual Korean syllable blocks separately, treating them as a large set of characters similarly to 445:(Taiwan), defined in 1984, did not follow the ISO 2022 structure. When used in an 8-bit (rather than 7-bit) environment, GB 2312 and Wansung code were usually used with the eighth bit set, with ASCII or a similar 897:

Of these characters, the hot beverage, umbrella with raindrops, lightning bolt and warning triangle, and the upward, downward and leftward arrows were subsequently selected as mappings from the Japanese cellular

11852:(Latin-1) character set). This includes accented Roman letters and symbols. Some of the symbols which were already included are omitted, while some others are duplicated as halfwidth counterparts to the earlier 36955:

plus extension sets, encodes a visually similar character at 0xA79B, which Apple maps to the Unicode sequence U+25B4+20E4 (▴⃤). There is no documented use of this mapping for the KPS 9566 character, however.

799:"Hangul", provided supporting evidence for the North Korean collation order, and requested addition of the North Korean Hanja repertoire. These proposals were discussed in two meetings between North Korean, 2523:

Several triangular "road mark" symbols denoting upcoming mountains or inclines ahead or to one side are included in this row, but not presently included in Unicode. They are mapped to the Private Use Area.

970:

The 2011 edition also includes several additional Hanja and symbols encoded outside of the ISO-IR-202 plane, after the range used for the extended syllable blocks. This approach is similar to that taken by

661:", which was published in 2000. KPS 10721 encodes a set of at least 19469 Hanja additional to those included in KPS 9566. As of 2009, these did not all have mappings to Unicode, but included 10358 from the 12738:

Precomposed Chosŏn'gŭl syllable clusters are allocated code points in a continuous sorted block between code points 16-01 and 44-47 inclusive. Not all possible clusters are allocated code points. Compare

588:

KPS 9566-97 encodes a total of 2679 Chosŏn'gŭl syllables and 4653 Hanja. This provides better coverage than the 2350 syllables encoded by Wansung code: for instance, the 똠 character used in the name of

37086:

Mapped to U+261E (☞) in the 2003 edition. The 2011 edition instead maps it to the Private Use Area character U+F13B. The reference glyph is a backhand manicule, i.e. matching U+1F449 (👉︎). Compare

779:

implementations existed, but which in retrospect should not have been done. It explained that that few or no languages can be collated correctly by code point value, and that a tailoring for the

11867:

This row is omitted from the mapping for the 2011 edition of the standard, indicating it may have been removed at some point after the 2003 edition. The halfwidth yen sign is instead encoded at

11101:(〒) and a version in a downward-pointing triangle, which was proposed by the North Korean national body for addition to Unicode alongside the other missing KPS 9566 characters. A response by a 327:

for multiple readings, and in including several characters specific to the North Korean political system, including special encodings for the names of the country's past and present leaders (

545:

standard was developed with the intent of allowing all representable text to be interchanged in a single, universal format. The first edition of Unicode was published in 1991 and 1992, and

608:

KPS 9566 is especially distinguished by its inclusion of several special characters from North Korean political life. Specifically, it includes the hammer, sickle and brush emblem of the

429:), equal to the respective bytes minus 32. The first registered ISO 2022 compliant DBCS, and the first East Asian DBCS to be established as a national standard, was the first edition of 859:

3.0 include fonts for a more recent edition of KPS 9566, appearing to be KPS 9566-2011. The mapping table used by Red Star OS internally has been successfully extracted. Besides adding

511:

was published in 1989. This was not closely related to Wansung code, although it also included composed syllables. Instead, it corresponded to GB 2312 with Korean syllables (and 94

38052: 948:

The 1997 edition of KPS 9566 was registered with the International Register of Coded Character Sets for Use with Escape Sequences as ISO-IR-202, and can therefore be encoded using

6679:

Several circled numbers in this row were mapped to Unicode incorrectly in the 2003 edition, due to using non-final proposed code points. They were corrected in the 2011 edition.

515:) replacing the Chinese characters, except for the inclusion of a dollar sign in place of a yuan sign. It was developed for use by the Korean minority in north-eastern China. 492:, extended EUC-KR, allowing the use of invalid EUC double-byte codes to represent all other syllables available in Johab. A similar approach was taken by the Mainland Chinese 605:. The entirety of row 15, the latter half of row 44 (after the syllables block) and the latter half of row 94 (after the Hanja block) may be used for user-defined purposes. 38456:"Proposal to add the Hanja column of D. P. R. of Korea in ISO/IEC 10646-1 (14938 ideographs to CJK Unified Ideographs and 3181 ideographs to its Extention [sic] A)" 828:, since the scissors did not accompany a differently-oriented pair of scissors, and since the existing Unicode fraction codepoints unified the skewed and horizontal forms. 41262: 11115: 937: 518:

Likewise, North Korea developed KPS 9566. Although North Korea and South Korea both use Korean Chosŏn'gŭl (Hangul) as their primary writing system, they use different

1003:-style 8-bit encodings defined by the 2003 edition onwards likewise use the larger byte values, between 0xA1 and 0xFE inclusive, for the main ISO-IR-202-based plane. 612:, both uncircled and circled (code points 12-01 and 12-02), and two groups of three special-purpose characters which spell out the names of the North Korean leaders 645:

Due to these special characters, there is currently no full round-trip compatibility between KPS 9566 and Unicode, unless unsupported characters are mapped to the

597:, a noted Korean literary work, does not have an assigned Wansung codepoint, but has one (38-02) in KPS 9566. The Hanja section includes 4652 characters from the 693:

data available to the Unicode Consortium. Unicode Hanja characters with KPS 9566 or KPS 10721 sources are nonetheless cross-referenced to their KPS codes in the

1560: 1555: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1525: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1465: 1460: 1455: 1450: 1445: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1310: 1305: 1300: 885:

block, which were added at the same code points they were proposed for, besides the north-east and north-west arrows being swapped compared to the proposal.

995:

Where two hexadecimal numbers are given, the value below 0x7F is used in a 7-bit encoding, and the larger value (between 0xA1 and 0xFE) is used in an 8-bit

40107: 4316:

The special encodings of the leaders' names are not present in Unicode and are mapped to the Private Use Area. They are shown below simulated with markup.

374:. It is presently designated ANSI X3.4-1986 and ISO 646:1991. ASCII was a 7-bit, single-byte encoding including 94 graphical characters, the space, and 33 264: 11844:

The characters in this set were not present in the 1997 version of the character set, but were added in the 2003 version. They constitute a subset of the

541:

Due to the interoperability issues arising from the use of multiple national standard and platform- or font-specific proprietary character encodings, the

39286: 38720: 11140:

The north-east and north-west white arrows used incorrect swapped Unicode mappings in the 2003 edition. This was corrected in the 2011 edition mappings.

33207: 366:

in 1963, and was revised in 1967 to the form it has today. ASCII also became accepted as an international standard in 1967, becoming ECMA-6, designated

39944: 39440: 38711: 37567: 323:

counterpart, in using a different ordering of Chosŏn'gŭl, in encoding explicit vertical presentation forms of punctuation, in not encoding duplicate

41053: 848:, and included additional encoded forms for other syllable blocks outside of the main ISO-IR-202 plane. A mapping table was later published by the 37590: 39050:

D P R of Korea suggested that they would review this character more carefully before it is discussed again at Korean Script ad hoc group or WG2.

36861:

A vertical form of the tilde dash. The mapping file provided by the Unicode Consortium acknowledges by-name mapping to U+2E2F, which is used by

40052: 371: 33219:

in all documented tables; characters are, however ordered according to their readings, from which it appears that it is intended to be U+67FF

936:

in 2018 on the basis of KPS 9566 compatibility, and identified as an electrical conformity mark used in Japan prior to its replacement by the

43325: 40127: 39641: 8617: 7641: 3541: 3483: 2513: 2474: 1599: 963:

The documented mappings between KPS 9566 and Unicode for the 2003 and 2011 editions of KPS 9566 use an encoding resembling an adaptation of

35774:

This set contains playing card suit symbols, various miscellaneous symbols, and halfwidth counterparts for some of the currency symbols in

863:

to the list of leaders, KPS 9566-2011 amends the mappings of certain vertical forms compared to the 2003 mappings (taking advantage of the

11886:

also falls outside the 94-character range, and the trail byte 0xFF is otherwise unused, the code 0xAEFF is mapped to it in KPS 9566-2003.

1609:

Compared to the 2003 mapping, the 2011 mapping changes the Unicode mappings of three vertical presentation forms to take advantage of the

36990:

An emboldened/emphasised character from the name of a North Korean leader, mapped to Private Use Area, shown here simulated with markup.

402:

with a certain structure in both 7-bit and 8-bit environments, and for declaring and switching between them in a standard fashion using

37812: 819:

A subsequent feedback document from February 2002 regarding the North Korean proposed additions requested that the "tea" symbol for a

10170:, is not included (similarly to with GB 2312 and KS X 1001), although it is included by KPS 9566-2011 outside of the main plane, at 37103:, mapped to Private Use Area, shown here using an image. One possible non-PUA mapping would be to the sequence U+1F446+20DD (👆︎⃝). 37017:

Degrees Kelvin in 1997 version (some versions of the code chart include a degree sign in the unit symbol). Euro as of 2003 version.

257: 41354: 41108: 39358: 37950: 37712: 36761:

For instance, the headings of the ISO-IR-202 chart show 7-bit binary codes, as well as kuten/hang-yol codes, for the characters).

11709: 11700: 11682: 11673: 11664: 11655: 7281: 7272: 7263: 7254: 7245: 7236: 7227: 7218: 7209: 7200: 7191: 7182: 7173: 7164: 7146: 7137: 7128: 7119: 7110: 7101: 7092: 7083: 7074: 7065: 7056: 7047: 7038: 7029: 2433: 2424: 2302: 2293: 748: 728:

block) was added, based on the syllable repertoire available in Johab, and the previous block was deleted (it is now occupied by

682: 41344: 662: 598: 529:. These are commonly indicated by specifying the year (e.g. KPS 9566-97, 9566-2003). The current edition as of the release of 346:, not all KPS 9566 characters have Unicode equivalents. Those which do not are mapped to similar Unicode characters or to the 43400: 41678: 41093: 40047: 39403: 39227: 39112: 37790: 37751: 37683: 37647: 37547: 37261: 11085:(U+2B05 through U+2B07, plus U+27A1) were chosen in Unicode 6.0 as the mappings for some of the arrow characters in cellular 500:

with support for Traditional Chinese and for less common Chinese characters by encoding them to double-byte codes invalid in

37485: 7636:

This set contains symbols for units of measure and currency. Those present in ASCII (highlighted) are shown below mapped to

41227: 713:

include the additional reference glyphs in the next version of Unicode, to be included in Unicode 15.1 in September 2023.

304:. Subsequent editions have added additional encoded characters outside of the 94×94 plane, in a manner comparable to 38116: 250: 39592: 39186: 11076:

For the purpose of mapping this row to Unicode, the bold rightward arrow was unified with the bold rightward arrow from

1995: 724:, added in version 1.0, was based on Wansung code. In Unicode version 2.0, a new block of Korean syllables (the present 689:). All KPS 9566 Hanja are also included in KPS 10721, which uses a different encoding structure, unrelated to ISO 2022. 576:

and alphabetical characters, followed by a subset of the possible modern Chosŏn'gŭl syllables, followed by a section of

43405: 41621: 41132: 40935: 39679: 729: 678: 666: 602: 41687: 41177: 40793: 40788: 40291: 40122: 39669: 39634: 39089: 38070: 569: 461: 39022: 38595: 37008:

Form of a fraction with a horizontal bar and vertical arrangement, mapped to Private Use Area, shown here simulated.

11878:

would fall outside of the 94-character range, colliding with the area used for extended Chosŏn'gŭl syllables when a

525:

KPS 9566 has undergone several revisions, including editions of 1997 and 2003, mainly to enhance compatibility with

40211: 41429: 41364: 41118: 41098: 38861:

The Unicode 4.0 code chart shows the modified glyph, whereas the Unicode 3.2 code chart shows the previous glyph.

721: 686: 41182: 39775: 4301:

block (which contains the position-independent characters mapped from KS X 1001) are mapped to that block. The

41296: 41267: 40917: 39283: 38718: 38219: 38138: 37608: 11853: 37478:"An annotated history of some character codes or ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Infiltration" 41359: 41247: 41207: 39627: 37836:

The Social Shaping of ICTs Standards: A Case of National Coded Character Set Standards Controversy in Korea

670: 38535:

Proposal to add the 160 Compatibility Hanja code table of D P R of Korea into CJK Compatibility Ideographs

37990: 37857: 36881:

A character combining a period with a closing bracket, mapped to Private Use Area, shown here substituted.

1986: 1977: 920:

in a circle, vertical presentation forms of punctuation marks, variants of closing brackets incorporating

709:

September 2022, while the Unicode Consortium's CJK and Unihan Group recommended in November 2022 that the

553:, where legacy character encodings are treated as partial encodings of Unicode by means of mapping files. 43305: 41601: 41212: 41142: 41128: 41113: 41017: 40930: 40902: 40868: 39351: 38255: 38230: 38101: 37834: 37506: 33233:

Following are charts for the non-syllable, non-Hanja section of KPS 9566-2011 outside of the main plane.

7637: 4306: 3537: 2509: 1587: 780: 710: 549:

was established in sync with Unicode in 1993. Unicode formats are preferred for international use on the

38918: 11860:(¬, U+00AC) is represented as 0xAEAC, while its fullwidth form (￢, U+FFE2) is represented as 0xA2D1 (in 382: 41575: 41520: 41441: 41222: 40878: 40873: 40226: 39380: 38263: 38220:"35) L2/22-238: Proposal to consider adding CodeCharts support for kIRG_KPSource representative glyphs" 37030: 11122: 6674: 904: 812: 766:. This document requested the addition of the KPS 9566 codes to the existing cross-references from the 705: 609: 41217: 960:), characters will be encoded with pairs of bytes between 0x21 and 0x7E when in the appropriate mode. 43320: 41671: 41282: 41237: 41073: 40622: 40326: 40271: 40236: 39066: 36201: 4298: 163: 38248: 38190: 40797: 40306: 40286: 40281: 40221: 40216: 39725: 39415: 38823: 38776: 38095:"Proposal to consider adding CodeCharts support for kIRG_KPSource representative glyphs in Unicode" 38094: 37703: 37450: 33762: 11126: 11081: 3514: 972: 913: 882: 674: 493: 309: 41172: 38157: 852:

in 2011, based on this mapping data but with errors corrected with reference to the ISO-IR chart.

507:

South Korea was not the only country developing an ISO 2022 DBCS for Korean: the Mainland Chinese

41647: 41631: 41558: 41553: 41515: 41486: 41451: 40883: 40617: 40316: 40201: 39428: 39150: 3510: 592: 580:. However, KPS 9566 uses a different ordering of jamo and syllables to conform with North Korean 381:

The next edition of ISO 646, published in 1972, revised the standard to introduce the concept of

375: 47: 43315: 43310: 41242: 41232: 41088: 41078: 40612: 40321: 39766: 39753: 39689: 39587: 39555: 39344: 39327: 39322: 39132: 37986: 37473: 37446: 37421: 37392: 37337: 37204: 37077:

Listed in 1997 version charts and in Unicode proposal N2374 from 2001. Removed in 2003 version.

7403: 2432: 767: 35: 39253: 38837: 38794: 38743: 35753:

All characters in this extension set map to the private use area, except 0xE884 which maps to

33753:

All characters in these extension sets map to the private use area. Their purpose is unknown.

11638: 7625: 2423: 568:

standard, although the two are not compatible. Both encode a section of punctuation, symbols,

41419: 41257: 41192: 41068: 40607: 39761: 39582: 11097:

In earlier editions of KPS 9566, such as the 1997 edition, this row included both the simple

8634: 7659:

in the 2003 edition. The 2011 edition includes an alternative encoding of the Kelvin sign at

4266: 2301: 581: 519: 40637: 38324:"Amendment of the part containing the Korean characters in ISO/IEC 10646-1:1998 amendment 5" 36785:

are always available as single-byte codes at 0x20 and 0x7F (not 0xA0 and 0xFF) respectively.

11071: 2292: 952:. It is a 94 multiple-byte G-set, i.e. if it is used in a 7-bit ISO 2022 code (analogous to 378:, which provided basic support for representing American English text as a series of bytes. 41664: 41580: 41252: 41012: 40632: 38564:

ROK's Comments about DPRK's proposal, WG2 N 2374, to add 70 symbols to ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000

38117:"Q: Why are DPRK (North Korean == kIRG_KPSource) glyphs missing from some CJK code charts?" 36778: 12734:

List of modern Hangul characters in ISO/IEC 2022–compliant national character set standards

11111: 11098: 5886: 3464: 2414: 2373: 1680: 932: 407: 11882:-style encoding is used (specifically, with the syllable 쁲), and is omitted. Although the 2405: 2364: 8: 43381: 43361: 41656: 41535: 41162: 40647: 40532: 40522: 40517: 39336: 38999: 38531: 38507: 38453: 38431: 38409: 38384: 38345:"New Work item proposal (NP) for an amendment of the Korean part of ISO/IEC 10646-1:1993" 38308: 38005: 37875: 34298:

with trail bytes corresponding to their uppercase ASCII equivalents, and lowercase Roman

12748: 11879: 11627: 7640:

codepoints (consistent with articles on other CJK character sets), but are mapped to the

2129: 2120: 1850: 1737: 1580: 1000: 964: 825: 485: 305: 301: 184: 43: 38876:"Emoji Symbols: Background Data—Background data for Proposal for Encoding Emoji Symbols" 38640: 37972: 37905: 37705:

International Register of Coded Character Sets to be Used With Escape Sequences (ISO-IR)

37477: 3540:

codepoints (consistent with articles on the other character sets), but is mapped to the

2512:

codepoints (consistent with articles on other CJK character sets), but is mapped to the

41616: 41464: 41277: 41272: 41197: 40196: 40170: 39694: 39650: 39540: 39161: 39136: 39031: 38914: 38900: 38875: 38848: 38805: 38754: 38705: 38647: 38604: 38571: 38542: 38518: 38481: 38462: 38440: 38418: 38393: 38371: 38330: 38259: 38201: 38124: 37968: 37884: 37604: 37576: 37563: 37510: 37369: 37133: 11845: 5126: 4272: 996: 849: 755: 418: 289: 51: 4278:, as well as special encodings for the names of (as of 2003) the North Korean Leaders 41606: 41545: 41525: 41187: 41167: 41147: 40775: 40251: 40231: 39743: 39608: 39223: 39219: 39108: 39104: 38699:"National Body Position: 3-way cross-reference tables - KS X 1001, KPS 9566, and UCS" 38132: 38066: 38062: 37786: 37782: 37747: 37743: 37679: 37675: 37643: 37639: 37584: 37543: 37539: 37257: 37253: 10159: 9270: 7631: 2391: 2319: 123: 38874:

Scherer, Markus; Davis, Mark; Momoi, Kat; Tong, Darick; Kida, Yasuo; Edberg, Peter.

38172: 34806: 6675:

Character set 0x27/0xA7 (row number 7, encircled, superscript, subscript, fractions)

5914:(which uses the same layout for the Greek letters, but without the Roman numerals). 4305:

distinguishing palatalised sibilants map to the position-specific characters in the

2382: 2355: 2337: 2310: 43300: 41563: 41137: 41103: 40813: 40642: 38893: 38288: 37417: 36782: 11134: 5910:(which uses the same characters but in a different layout and a different row) and 5122: 2346: 2328: 1566: 976: 925: 845: 725: 646: 347: 105: 100: 9190: 9183: 9115: 9108: 8928: 8888: 2283: 701:; the Unihan source codes use "KP0" to refer to KPS 9566 and "KP1" for KPS 10721. 43410: 41611: 41530: 40261: 40256: 40246: 40191: 39876: 39866: 39861: 39856: 39851: 39846: 39841: 39560: 39290: 39212: