48:
616:
the position of supratidal, subtidal, and shallow-marine environments during the deposition of the Kaibab
Limestone. The shifting sea levels and associated depositional environments brought about a complex interlayering of different types of carbonate and clastic sediments in the strata that comprise the Kaibab Limestone. The gently sloping continental margin on which the Kaibab Limestone accumulated, extended seaward from northern Arizona to southern Nevada, at times exceeding 200 miles (125 km) in width. It is most likely that the high-frequency changes in sea level were caused by glacial sea level oscillations during this time period.
246:
321:
524:, upper contact of the Kaibab Limestone with the Moenkopi Formation is an erosional disconformity. This disconformity exhibits little relief and is identified by marked differences in color, topography, and rock types between tan, ledge-forming, calcareous sandstones and of the Kaibab Limestone and red, slope-forming siltstones of the Moenkopi formation. The unconformity and disconformity are inferred to represent most of Permian time (including the Leonardian) and part of Early Triassic time.
331:
615:
The complex intercalation of carbonate and clastic sediments within the Kaibab
Limestone reflects the deposition of sediments within a gently sloping continental margin during a period of frequent, high-frequency sea level changes. Relatively minor changes in sea level caused major lateral shifts in
499:
The upper contact of the Kaibab
Limestone (Harrisburg Member) with the overlying Moenkopi Formation is an erosional unconformity and disconformity. Within northwestern Arizona, southeastern Nevada, and southwestern Utah this contact is an erosional unconformity that in part consists of paleovalleys,
376:
renamed it as the Kaibab Marble and determined its areal extent for
California. In 1991, Sorauf and Billingsley subdivided the Kaibab Limestone into (ascending) Fossil Mountain Member (new) and Harrisburg Member. They designated the strata comprising McKee's alpha (or upper) member as the Harrisburg
371:
He also revised Kaibab
Limestone's lower contact and divided it into informal (descending) alpha, beta and gamma members. Later in the 1970s, its upper contact was revised and its areal extent were defined. Also, unsuccessful attempts were made to raise the formation to group rank and divide it into
354:
was designated. He also designated the Kaibab
Limestone as the upper formation of the Aubrey Group, a now-abandoned stratigraphic unit. In 1921, Bassler and Reeside revised Darton's work and defined the Harrisburg Member of the Kaibab Limestone. In his 1938 monograph on the
628:
studies of the Kaibab
Limestone firmly established its age on the basis of the abundant fossils that it and the underlying Toroweap Formation contain. On the basis of its brachiopod and siliceous sponge faunas, it was initially concluded that it is
3099:
2244:
1711:
1215:
986:
In, S. G. Lucas, W. A. DiMichele, J. A. Barrick, J. W. Schneider, and J. S. Spielman, eds., pp. 103β08, The
Carboniferous-Permian Transition. Bulletin no. 60. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Socorro, New
943:
in E. G. Frost and D. L. Martin, eds., pp. 1β27, Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the
Colorado River region, California, Arizona, and Nevada. Cordilleran Publishers, San Diego, California, United States. 608
463:
Within the Grand Canyon region, the Kaibab
Limestone overlies gypsum and contorted sandstones of the Toroweap Formation. Originally, geologists interpreted the lower contact of the Kaibab Limestone to be an
901:
in D. White and M. R. Campbell, eds., pp. C87βC107, Contributions to economic geology (short papers and preliminary reports), 1921, Part II. Mineral fuels. Bulletin no. 726. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston,
531:
have been removed almost entirely by erosion because they are less resistant to erosion than the strata of the Kaibab Formation. As a result, the Kaibab Limestone forms the surface of many of the vast
472:
and erosional surfaces. However, additional research has concluded that these local intraformational breccias and erosional surfaces are the result of collapse following the dissolution of
3106:
2251:
1718:
1679:
1222:
2657:
2490:
3595:
1498:
2794:
2693:
2617:
1674:
1408:
2390:
1984:
3501:
2715:
2597:
2495:
1535:
1445:
1433:
1180:
3447:
2842:
2395:
2380:
2045:
1861:
1781:
1607:
385:. McKee's gamma member is considered to be part of the Fossil Mountain Member. Later research has further redefined the regional extent of the Kaibab Limestone.
447:. The Harrisburg Member, which forms the uppermost cliffs and receding ledges along both north and south rims of the Grand Canyon, consists of an assemblage of
3532:
3250:
2822:
2667:
2602:
2465:
1943:
1652:
1403:
3479:
2720:
2430:
2400:
1841:
1555:
1398:
1352:
1316:
2939:
2637:
2592:
2525:
1911:
1642:
1513:
3193:
3092:
2944:
2899:
2872:
2837:
2827:
2735:
2520:
2485:
2440:
2410:
1826:
1508:
3658:
3442:
3063:
3058:
3036:
3000:
2710:
2705:
2627:
2607:
2587:
2500:
2460:
2415:
2405:
2323:
2318:
2191:
2186:
2730:
2632:
2237:
1856:
1821:
1518:
1428:
421:. In the western Grand Canyon region, the Fossil Mountain Member consists of fossiliferous and cherty limestone with an abundant and diverse normal-
3167:
2022:
2017:
1886:
1704:
1208:
725:
687:
1545:
3663:
1173:
535:
that border the Grand Canyon. Within these plateaus, the uppermost beds of the Kaibab Limestone have also been largely removed by erosion.
3708:
377:
Member and the strata comprising McKee's beta (or middle) member as the Fossil Mountain Member. The Fossil Mountain Member was named for
1141:
1135:
3673:
3243:
720:
839:
3668:
1166:
641:
and associated megafossils obtained from western outcrops of the Fossil Mountain Member indicates that its age extends into the
3678:
984:
A new basal hybodont (Chondrichthyes, Hybodontiformes) from the Middle Permian (Roadian) Kaibab Formation of northern Arizona.
3236:
1075:
1034:
810:
3683:
476:
within the upper part of the Toroweap Formation. As a result, this contact is inferred to be conformable or only locally a
3698:
1061:
1089:
3703:
760:
711:
702:
928:
The environment and history of the Toroweap Formation and Kaibab formations of northern Arizona and southern Utah.
47:
378:
3575:
681:
1011:
Paleoecology and Biostratigraphy of the Fossil Mountain Member, Kaibab Formation, in Northwestern Arizona.
3693:
941:
Structural evolution of the Big Maria Mountains, northeastern Riverside County, southeastern California.
2475:
1801:
755:
698:
208:
1891:
958:
Members of the Toroweap and Kaibab Formations, Lower Permian, northern Arizona and southwestern Utah.
484:
deposits) of Toroweap Formation interfinger with and are replaced by cross-bedded sandstones of the
3688:
2745:
1393:
657:
347:
1102:
3471:
2549:
1921:
1901:
1575:
1148:
830:
351:
133:
443:
dolomite and dolomite that contains a restricted-marine fossil fauna and subordinate amounts of
3560:
3542:
3292:
1938:
509:
1153:
3321:
3209:
2622:
1786:
1627:
1570:
1423:
1388:
1024:
439:, and fauna of the Fossil Mountain Member changes drastically where it grades laterally into
3155:
2515:
2470:
2455:
1831:
1632:
1622:
1413:
743:
74:
8:
3489:
2740:
2677:
2505:
2313:
2181:
2164:
2120:
1811:
1806:
1637:
834:
493:
297:
110:
865:
3565:
3452:
3427:
3389:
3379:
3259:
2565:
2420:
2353:
2204:
2138:
2027:
1979:
1881:
1836:
1657:
1647:
1565:
1560:
1481:
1418:
1375:
1357:
1321:
1189:
716:
505:
485:
373:
356:
265:
249:
Geology showing the basal layer (Kaibab Formation) of Zion National Park, southern Utah
106:
102:
92:
245:
3600:
3506:
3349:
3344:
3041:
3019:
3005:
2983:
2976:
2926:
2894:
2886:
2647:
2612:
2480:
2425:
2060:
2050:
2012:
1989:
1916:
1871:
1851:
1791:
1612:
1585:
1540:
1503:
1276:
1085:
1071:
1057:
1030:
806:
739:
735:
1125:
488:. As a result, the Kaibab Limestone directly overlies the Coconino Sandstone in the
3570:
3537:
3437:
3432:
3384:
3374:
3369:
3177:
2909:
2865:
2817:
2750:
2662:
2642:
2570:
2450:
2375:
2358:
2093:
2055:
2007:
1974:
1930:
1906:
1771:
1764:
1617:
1602:
663:
504:
that were eroded into the underlying Kaibab Limestone before the deposition of the
382:
3585:
3394:
3339:
2877:
2832:
2807:
2725:
2652:
2582:
2510:
2445:
2385:
2103:
1999:
1846:
1580:
1493:
1158:
930:
Publication, no. 492. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC. 268 pp.
843:
414:
141:
56:
1104:
Revisiting the Grand Canyon β Through the Eyes of Seismic Sequence Stratigraphy.
320:
3580:
3228:
3139:
2812:
2777:
2530:
2148:
2133:
2085:
2037:
1966:
1816:
1367:
604:
480:. South and east of the Grand Canyon, the evaporites and contorted sandstones (
422:
398:
339:
225:
1137:
The Grand Age of Rocks: The Numeric Ages for Rocks Exposed within Grand Canyon
3652:
3462:
2540:
2306:
1776:
1550:
675:
576:
517:
402:
204:
52:
27:
1070:
23rd printing. Mountain Press Publishing Company, Missoula Montana. 322 pp.
397:
rock types. It consists of a complexity of inter fingering and inter bedded
3590:
1896:
1866:
1796:
1026:
Geologic Tours in the Las Vegas Area: Expanded Edition with GPS Coordinates
998:
Actinocoelia maendria Finks, from the Kaibab Limestone of Northern Arizona.
971:
Ctenacanthiform sharks from the Permian Kaibab Formation, northern Arizona.
707:
625:
544:
521:
489:
477:
465:
343:
293:
258:
60:
886:
A reconnaissance of parts of northwestern New Mexico and northern Arizona.
409:) changes have produced a more composition variation by the alteration of
3627:
3618:
3271:
3130:
3121:
2918:
2686:
2266:
1876:
1733:
1268:
1237:
669:
600:
394:
305:
31:
1119:
359:
and Kaibab Limestone of northern Arizona, McKee split Darton's original
330:
292:
in Arizona, Nevada, and Utah. The Kaibab Limestone forms the rim of the
3313:
3028:
2856:
2336:
1755:
1259:
630:
592:
552:
548:
436:
406:
301:
285:
269:
183:
35:
3408:
2967:
2786:
2297:
2277:
2157:
1594:
1465:
1454:
1344:
1107:
634:
596:
584:
551:. The invertebrate fossils found within the Kaibab Limestone include
473:
444:
432:
410:
163:
159:
1128:
969:
Hodnett, J.-P., D. K. Elliott, T. J. Olson, and J. H. Wittke, 2012,
3552:
3524:
3359:
3331:
3302:
3282:
3186:
2958:
2768:
2558:
2345:
2074:
1957:
1744:
1474:
1308:
1299:
1248:
1193:
638:
572:
568:
556:
527:
Although the Moenkopi Formation overlies the Kaibab Limestone, its
888:
Bulletin no. 435. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. 88 pp.
120:
300 feet (91 m)-500 feet (150 m) in Grand Canyon region.
3419:
2992:
2288:
2112:
1335:
1290:
1114:
1056:
Grand Canyon Association, Grand Canyon Village, Arizona. 176 pp.
642:
580:
564:
532:
513:
469:
273:
262:
229:
178:
39:
3263:
3148:
2173:
1528:
1110:, America Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, Oklahoma.
588:
528:
481:
452:
448:
425:
281:
188:
155:
3114:
543:
The Kaibab Limestone contains the abundant fossils of Permian
1144:, National Park Service, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona.
1013:
Unpublished M.S. thesis, Northern Arizona University, 160 pp.
560:
501:
428:
418:
145:
2259:
1726:
1230:
595:
found in the Kaibab Limestone include giant football-sized
516:
that are known as the Rock Canyon conglomerate. Within the
440:
405:
sedimentary rocks. In addition, intense post-depositional (
277:
193:
137:
637:/ latest Early Permian) in age. Later research concerning
350:. In his definition of the Kaibab Limestone formation, no
338:
The Kaibab Limestone was named by Darton in 1910 for the
645:(latest Early Permian and earliest Middle Permian) age.
982:
Hodnett, J.-P., D. K. Elliott, and T. J. Olson, 2013,
1000:
Brigham Young University Geology Studies. 13:105β08.
899:
Oil prospects in Washington County, Utah, Chapter C.
16:
Geologic formation in the southwestern United States
1084:Mountaineers's Books, Seattle, Washington. 269 pp.
952:
950:
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
783:
781:
779:
777:
775:
492:region. The Kaibab Limestone directly overlies the
431:. Further east in the Coconino Plateau region, the
1188:
1029:. NV Bureau of Mines & Geology. pp. 23β.
976:
836:Stratigraphy of the Parks of the Colorado Plateau.
1131:, National Park Service, Canyon Village, Arizona.
1022:
963:
891:
3650:
3258:
947:
825:
823:
821:
819:
801:in: Beus, S.S., Morales, M., eds., pp. 196β211,
772:
607:, occur within the Kaibab Limestone of Arizona.
520:and eastern Grand Canyon regions and south into
468:based on the presence of local intraformational
496:in northeastern Arizona and southeastern Utah.
3244:
3100:
2245:
1712:
1216:
1174:
1003:
880:
878:
876:
816:
990:
933:
922:
920:
918:
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
860:
858:
856:
854:
852:
610:
417:and the silicification of limestone to form
1054:Ancient Landscapes of the Colorado Plateau.
1016:
956:Sorauf, J. E. and G. H. Billingsley, 1991,
897:Bassler, H., and J. B. Reeside, Jr., 1921,
870:. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
846:. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
726:Grand StaircaseβEscalante National Monument
508:. These paleovalleys are often filled with
3251:
3237:
3115:Precambrian chronostratigraphy of Colorado
3107:
3093:
2252:
2238:
1719:
1705:
1223:
1209:
1181:
1167:
873:
805:, 2nd. Oxford University Press, New York.
797:Hopkins, R. L., and K. L. Thompson, 2003,
721:Geology of the Zion and Kolob canyons area
648:
603:, which represent a diverse assemblage of
500:as much as several hundred feet deep, and
3659:Limestone formations of the United States
1150:The Kaibab Limestone in Northern Arizona.
905:
849:
393:The Kaibab Limestone is an assemblage of
326:The rim top layer is the Kaibab Limestone
2260:Paleozoic chronostratigraphy of Colorado
329:
319:
244:
1727:Mesozoic chronostratigraphy of Colorado
1231:Cenozoic chronostratigraphy of Colorado
3651:
84:Fossil Mountain and Harrisburg members
59:cliffs of the Kaibab Limestone at the
3232:
3088:
2233:
1700:
1204:
1162:
1046:
1763:
1108:Search and Discovery Article # 40018
3664:Natural history of the Grand Canyon
1142:Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona
960:The Mountain Geologist, 28(1):9β24.
65:(high resolution, expandable photo)
13:
3709:Cisuralian Series of North America
14:
3720:
3674:Geologic formations of California
1134:Mathis, A., and C. Bowman, 2007,
1095:
1052:Blakey, R., and W. Ranney, 2008,
304:, the Kaibab Limestone is highly
761:Geology of the Grand Canyon area
712:Geology of the Grand Canyon area
703:Geology of the Capitol Reef area
342:, which is on the north side of
334:Walnut Canyon, Flagstaff Arizona
46:
1680:Independence Mountain Formation
315:
3669:Geologic formations of Arizona
455:, chert, and minor limestone.
388:
363:into the currently recognized
1:
3679:Geologic formations of Nevada
2658:Morgan Round Valley Formation
1147:Shur, C., and D. Shur, 2008,
766:
694:Parklands (incomplete list):
587:, and burrows of callanassid
381:along the south rim near the
372:several formations. In 1982,
3576:Frenchman Mountain Dolostone
2491:South Canyon Creek Formation
1068:Roadside Geology of Arizona.
973:Historical Biology. 24:1β15.
682:Plateau Sedimentary Province
7:
3684:Geologic formations of Utah
3596:Prospect Mountain Sandstone
749:
458:
288:. It is also known as the
10:
3725:
2476:Sangre de Cristo Formation
1499:Central Colorado Volcanics
1154:Arizona Fossil Adventures.
1129:Grand Canyon National Park
1023:Joseph V. Tingley (2008).
756:List of types of limestone
699:Capitol Reef National Park
538:
268:that crops out across the
209:Southwestern United States
3699:Permian geology of Nevada
3626:
3617:
3551:
3523:
3497:
3488:
3470:
3461:
3418:
3407:
3358:
3330:
3312:
3301:
3281:
3270:
3185:
3176:
3147:
3138:
3129:
3120:
3084:
3027:
3018:
2991:
2975:
2966:
2957:
2917:
2908:
2885:
2864:
2855:
2795:Williams Canyon Formation
2785:
2776:
2767:
2701:
2694:Williams Canyon Formation
2685:
2676:
2618:Jacque Mountain Formation
2557:
2548:
2539:
2344:
2335:
2305:
2296:
2287:
2276:
2265:
2229:
2172:
2156:
2147:
2111:
2102:
2084:
2073:
2036:
1998:
1965:
1956:
1929:
1892:Pictured Cliffs Formation
1754:
1743:
1732:
1696:
1675:Gravel Mountain Formation
1593:
1527:
1473:
1464:
1453:
1366:
1343:
1334:
1307:
1298:
1289:
1267:
1258:
1247:
1236:
1200:
1082:Hiking Arizona's Geology.
611:Depositional environments
235:
220:
215:
200:
174:
169:
151:
129:
124:
116:
98:
88:
80:
70:
45:
26:
21:
2746:Ste. Genevieve Formation
1409:Martins Canyon Formation
1394:Cedar Mountain Formation
1009:Thompson, K. L., 1995.,
658:Basin and Range province
348:Coconino County, Arizona
3704:Permian geology of Utah
2391:Council Grove Formation
1985:Ralston Creek Formation
1922:Williams Fork Formation
1902:Point Lookout Formation
1576:Poison Canyon Formation
939:Hamilton, W. H., 1982,
649:Geographic distribution
451:, dolomite, sandstone,
134:fossiliferous limestone
3561:Bonanza King Formation
3543:Temple Butte Formation
3502:Monte Cristo Limestone
3293:Horse Spring Formation
2716:Headscrabble Formation
2598:Eagle Valley Evaporite
2496:Stone Corral Formation
1939:Burro Canyon Formation
1536:Blanco Basin Formation
1446:Grouse Mountain Basalt
1434:Wagon Tongue Formation
996:Griffen, L. R., 1966.
867:Geologic Unit: Kaibab.
619:
335:
327:
250:
3448:Queantoweap Sandstone
3322:Willow Tank Formation
3210:Uncompahgre Formation
2843:Pinyon Park Formation
2623:Kansas City Formation
2396:Crestone Conglomerate
2381:Cedar Hills Formation
2046:Glen Canyon Formation
1862:Lion Canyon Formation
1787:Cliff House Sandstone
1782:Castle Gate Formation
1628:Middle Park Formation
1608:Arapahoe Conglomerate
1571:Green River Formation
1424:Troublesome Formation
1389:Browns Park Formation
1116:The Kaibab Limestone.
1080:Lucchitta, I., 2001,
884:Darton, N. H., 1910,
333:
323:
248:
224:It was named for the
191:β(east-central) and,
3533:Muddy Peak Formation
3156:Uinta Mountain Group
2823:Kinderhook Formation
2668:Sharpsdale Formation
2603:Glen Eyrie Formation
2516:Wellington Formation
2471:Phosphoria Formation
2466:Owl Canyon Formation
2456:Minnekahta Formation
1944:Horsetooth Formation
1653:South Park Formation
1633:Nacimiento Formation
1623:Fort Union Formation
1414:North Park Formation
1404:Los Pintos Formation
926:McKee, E. D., 1938,
803:Grand Canyon Geology
744:Clark County, Nevada
75:Geological formation
3480:Callville Limestone
2741:St. Louis Formation
2721:Leadville Formation
2506:Wabaunsee Formation
2431:Ingleside Formation
2401:Day Creek Formation
2314:Chugwater Formation
2182:Chugwater Formation
2165:Chugwater Formation
2121:Chugwater Formation
1842:Kremmling Formation
1812:Fruitland Formation
1807:Fox Hills Formation
1802:Fort Hays Limestone
1638:Ojo Alamo Formation
1556:Echo Park Formation
1399:Flat Tops Volcanics
1353:Dry Union Formation
1317:Dry Union Formation
1066:Chronic, H., 1983,
653:Geologic Province:
494:White Rim Sandstone
369:Toroweap Formation.
298:Big Maria Mountains
111:White Rim Sandstone
28:Stratigraphic range
3694:Permian California
3635:Granite and schist
3566:Bright Angel Shale
3453:Toroweap Formation
3428:Coconino Sandstone
3390:Moenkopi Formation
3380:Fossil Hill Member
3260:Chronostratigraphy
2940:Arbuckle Formation
2638:Marmaton Formation
2593:Cherokee Formation
2566:Fountain Formation
2526:Wolfcamp Formation
2421:Glorieta Formation
2354:Fountain Formation
2205:Moenkopi Formation
2139:Moenkopi Formation
2028:Sundance Formation
1980:Morrison Formation
1912:Trinidad Formation
1882:Niobrara Formation
1837:Kirtland Formation
1658:Washakie Formation
1648:San Jose Formation
1643:Raton Conglomerate
1566:Huerfano Formation
1561:Farisita Formation
1514:Pinnacle Formation
1482:Arikaree Formation
1419:Santa Fe Formation
1376:Arikaree Formation
1358:Ogallala Formation
1322:Ogallala Formation
1190:Chronostratigraphy
1047:Popular references
842:2010-12-24 at the
829:Anonymous, 2014,
717:Zion National Park
506:Moenkopi Formation
486:Coconino Sandstone
474:evaporite deposits
357:Toroweap Formation
336:
328:
266:geologic formation
251:
107:Coconino Sandstone
103:Toroweap Formation
93:Moenkopi Formation
3646:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3613:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3601:Tapeats Sandstone
3519:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3507:Redwall Limestone
3403:
3402:
3350:Moenave Formation
3345:Kayenta Formation
3226:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3194:Owiyukuts Complex
3163:
3162:
3080:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3054:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3042:Sawatch Formation
3014:
3013:
3006:Sawatch Formation
2984:Dotsero Formation
2953:
2952:
2945:Manitou Formation
2935:
2934:
2927:Dotsero Formation
2900:Simpson Formation
2895:Harding Sandstone
2873:Fremont Limestone
2851:
2850:
2838:Parting Formation
2828:Misener Formation
2803:
2802:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2736:Spergen Formation
2648:Minturn Formation
2613:Hermosa Formation
2578:
2577:
2521:White Horse Group
2486:Shawnee Formation
2481:Satanka Formation
2441:Lansing Formation
2426:Hermosa Formation
2411:Forelle Formation
2371:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2331:
2330:
2225:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2200:
2199:
2129:
2128:
2069:
2068:
2061:Wingate Sandstone
2051:Kayenta Formation
2013:Entrada Formation
1990:Wanakah Formation
1952:
1951:
1917:Vermejo Formation
1872:Menefee Formation
1852:Laramie Formation
1827:Hygiene Formation
1692:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1670:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1613:Bridger Formation
1586:Wasatch Formation
1541:Cuchara Formation
1509:Conejos Formation
1504:Chadron Formation
1489:
1488:
1442:
1441:
1384:
1383:
1330:
1329:
1285:
1284:
1277:Alamosa Formation
1076:978-0-87842-147-3
1036:978-1-888035-12-4
864:Stamm, N., 2013,
811:978-0-19-512299-2
799:Kiabab Formation.
740:Blue Diamond Hill
736:Blue Diamond Mine
324:Grand Canyon view
308:and known as the
243:
242:
3716:
3624:
3623:
3571:Dunderberg Shale
3538:Sultan Formation
3495:
3494:
3468:
3467:
3443:Pakoon Limestone
3438:Kaibab Formation
3433:Hermit Formation
3416:
3415:
3411:
3385:Luning Formation
3375:Favret Formation
3370:Chinle Formation
3362:
3310:
3309:
3305:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3230:
3229:
3183:
3182:
3145:
3144:
3136:
3135:
3127:
3126:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3086:
3085:
3064:Tintic Formation
3059:Reagan Formation
3037:Lodore Formation
3025:
3024:
3001:Lodore Formation
2973:
2972:
2964:
2963:
2915:
2914:
2862:
2861:
2818:Elbert Formation
2783:
2782:
2774:
2773:
2751:Warsaw Formation
2711:Gilman Formation
2706:Beulah Formation
2683:
2682:
2663:Morrow Formation
2643:Maroon Formation
2628:Kerber Formation
2608:Gothic Formation
2588:Belden Formation
2571:Madera Formation
2555:
2554:
2546:
2545:
2501:Sumner Formation
2461:Opeche Formation
2451:Maroon Formation
2436:Kaibab Limestone
2416:Glendo Formation
2406:Falcon Formation
2376:Blaine Formation
2359:Madera Formation
2342:
2341:
2324:Taloga Formation
2319:Lykins Formation
2303:
2302:
2294:
2293:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2231:
2230:
2192:Taloga Formation
2187:Lykins Formation
2154:
2153:
2109:
2108:
2094:Chinle Formation
2082:
2081:
2077:
2056:Navajo Formation
2008:Carmel Formation
1975:Curtis Formation
1963:
1962:
1907:Smoky Hill Chalk
1792:Codell Sandstone
1772:Benton Formation
1761:
1760:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1721:
1714:
1707:
1698:
1697:
1618:Denver Formation
1603:Animas Formation
1471:
1470:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1341:
1340:
1305:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1225:
1218:
1211:
1202:
1201:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1160:
1159:
1124:Anonymous, ndb,
1113:Anonymous, nda,
1101:Abbot, W, 2001,
1041:
1040:
1020:
1014:
1007:
1001:
994:
988:
980:
974:
967:
961:
954:
945:
937:
931:
924:
903:
895:
889:
882:
871:
862:
847:
831:Kaibab Limestone
827:
814:
795:
664:Black Mesa Basin
365:Kaibab Limestone
361:Kaibab Limestone
290:Kaibab Formation
255:Kaibab Limestone
50:
22:Kaibab Limestone
19:
18:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3714:
3713:
3689:Permian Arizona
3649:
3648:
3647:
3638:
3605:
3586:Nopah Formation
3547:
3511:
3484:
3457:
3409:
3399:
3395:Prida Formation
3360:
3354:
3340:Aztec Sandstone
3326:
3303:
3297:
3283:
3272:
3266:
3257:
3227:
3214:
3197:
3172:
3159:
3116:
3113:
3068:
3046:
3010:
2987:
2949:
2931:
2904:
2881:
2878:Viola Formation
2847:
2833:Ouray Formation
2808:Aneth Formation
2799:
2755:
2731:Osage Formation
2726:Molas Formation
2697:
2672:
2653:Molas Formation
2633:Keyes Formation
2583:Atoka Formation
2574:
2535:
2511:Weber Formation
2446:Lyons Formation
2386:Chase Formation
2363:
2327:
2278:
2267:
2261:
2258:
2209:
2196:
2168:
2143:
2125:
2098:
2075:
2065:
2032:
1994:
1948:
1925:
1857:Lewis Formation
1847:Lance Formation
1822:Greenhorn Shale
1745:
1734:
1728:
1725:
1684:
1662:
1589:
1581:Uinta Formation
1523:
1519:Pitch Formation
1494:Brule Formation
1485:
1455:
1449:
1438:
1429:Trump Formation
1380:
1362:
1326:
1281:
1249:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1196:
1187:
1098:
1049:
1044:
1037:
1021:
1017:
1008:
1004:
995:
991:
981:
977:
968:
964:
955:
948:
938:
934:
925:
906:
896:
892:
883:
874:
863:
850:
844:Wayback Machine
828:
817:
796:
773:
769:
752:
651:
633:(approximately
626:paleontological
622:
613:
605:chondrichthyans
541:
461:
391:
379:Fossil Mountain
374:Warren Hamilton
325:
318:
280:, east central
257:is a resistant
192:
187:
182:
66:
64:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3722:
3712:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3632:
3630:
3621:
3615:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3581:Muav Limestone
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3529:
3527:
3521:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3498:
3492:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3482:
3476:
3474:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3424:
3422:
3413:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3366:
3364:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3336:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3318:
3316:
3307:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3289:
3287:
3276:
3268:
3267:
3256:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3233:
3224:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3191:
3189:
3180:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3168:Tava Formation
3164:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3153:
3151:
3142:
3133:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3112:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3089:
3082:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3061:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3033:
3031:
3022:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2981:
2979:
2970:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2923:
2921:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2891:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2868:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2813:Dyer Formation
2810:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2791:
2789:
2780:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2691:
2689:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2561:
2552:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2531:Yeso Formation
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2356:
2350:
2348:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2309:
2300:
2291:
2282:
2271:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2234:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2162:
2160:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2134:Jelm Formation
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2079:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2042:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2023:Page Formation
2020:
2018:Garo Formation
2015:
2010:
2004:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1971:
1969:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1887:Pando Porphyry
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1817:Graneros Shale
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1767:
1758:
1749:
1738:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1723:
1716:
1709:
1701:
1694:
1693:
1690:
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1683:
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1599:
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1583:
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1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
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1524:
1522:
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1516:
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1484:
1479:
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1468:
1459:
1451:
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1443:
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1197:
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1178:
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1157:
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1145:
1132:
1122:
1111:
1097:
1096:External links
1094:
1093:
1092:
1078:
1064:
1062:978-1934656037
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340:Kaibab Plateau
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284:and southeast
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2322:
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2315:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2307:Changhsingian
2304:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2264:
2255:
2250:
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2236:
2235:
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2185:
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2180:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2171:
2166:
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2159:
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2146:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
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2119:
2118:
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2110:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2095:
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2080:
2078:
2072:
2062:
2059:
2057:
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2035:
2029:
2026:
2024:
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2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
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2003:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1988:
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1981:
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1955:
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1777:Carlile Shale
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1759:
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1551:Dawson Arkose
1549:
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1207:
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1199:
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1155:
1152:
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1127:
1123:
1121:
1120:Utah Geology.
1118:
1117:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1099:
1091:
1090:0-89886-730-4
1087:
1083:
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1069:
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1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
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1038:
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993:
985:
979:
972:
966:
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869:
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845:
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826:
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820:
812:
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804:
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762:
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724:
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718:
715:
713:
709:
706:
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697:
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695:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
676:Paradox Basin
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
655:
654:
646:
644:
640:
636:
632:
627:
617:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
591:. The fossil
590:
586:
582:
578:
577:hexactinellid
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
545:invertebrates
536:
534:
530:
525:
523:
519:
518:Marble Canyon
515:
511:
510:conglomerates
507:
503:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
478:disconformity
475:
471:
467:
456:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
427:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
403:siliciclastic
400:
396:
386:
384:
380:
375:
370:
366:
362:
358:
353:
352:type locality
349:
345:
341:
332:
322:
313:
311:
310:Kaibab Marble
307:
306:metamorphosed
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
264:
260:
259:cliff-forming
256:
247:
239:Darton (1910)
238:
234:
231:
227:
223:
219:
214:
210:
206:
205:United States
203:
199:
195:
190:
186:β(southeast)
185:
180:
177:
173:
168:
165:
161:
157:
154:
150:
147:
143:
139:
135:
132:
128:
123:
119:
115:
112:
108:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
83:
79:
76:
73:
69:
62:
58:
54:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
20:
3591:Pioche Shale
2435:
1897:Pierre Shale
1867:Mancos Shale
1797:Dakota Group
1149:
1136:
1115:
1103:
1081:
1067:
1053:
1025:
1018:
1010:
1005:
997:
992:
983:
978:
970:
965:
957:
940:
935:
927:
898:
893:
885:
866:
835:
802:
798:
730:
708:Grand Canyon
693:
688:Salton Basin
652:
623:
614:
542:
526:
522:Verde Valley
498:
490:Mogollon Rim
466:unconformity
462:
392:
368:
364:
360:
344:Grand Canyon
337:
316:Nomenclature
309:
294:Grand Canyon
289:
272:of northern
254:
252:
216:Type section
181:β(northern)
61:Grand Canyon
2919:Tremadocian
2687:Tournaisian
1877:Mowry Shale
1832:Juana Lopez
1546:D2 Sequence
1269:Pleistocene
670:Great Basin
601:shark teeth
593:cephalopods
553:brachiopods
549:vertebrates
395:sedimentary
389:Description
276:, southern
270:U.S. states
228:, northern
196:β(southern)
140:limestone,
30:: Early to
3653:Categories
3029:Guzhangian
2337:Cisuralian
1368:Aquitanian
767:References
631:Leonardian
597:nautiloids
585:trilobites
579:and other
502:paleokarst
437:mineralogy
407:diagenetic
383:Bass Trail
302:California
286:California
184:California
36:Leonardian
2968:Furongian
2787:Famennian
2298:Lopingian
2158:Olenekian
1595:Paleocene
1466:Oligocene
1345:Messinian
902:Virginia.
813:, 448 pp.
672:province*
639:conodonts
635:Kungurian
599:. Fossil
557:conodonts
445:sandstone
433:lithology
411:limestone
399:carbonate
296:. In the
221:Named for
164:sandstone
160:siltstone
125:Lithology
117:Thickness
89:Underlies
81:Sub-units
3187:Siderian
3020:Series 3
2977:Stage 10
2559:Gzhelian
2346:Asselian
1475:Chattian
1309:Zanclean
1300:Pliocene
1194:Colorado
1126:Fossils.
840:Archived
750:See also
573:mollusks
571:spines,
569:echinoid
565:crinoids
533:plateaus
514:breccias
470:breccias
459:Contacts
415:dolomite
236:Named by
170:Location
142:dolomite
99:Overlies
2993:Paibian
2113:Anisian
1336:Miocene
987:Mexico.
731:Other:
643:Roadian
581:sponges
539:Fossils
529:redbeds
453:redbeds
274:Arizona
263:Permian
230:Arizona
201:Country
179:Arizona
130:Primary
57:jointed
40:Roadian
3264:Nevada
3149:Tonian
2887:Middle
2174:Induan
2104:Middle
2000:Middle
1529:Eocene
1088:
1074:
1060:
1033:
809:
719:β See
710:β See
701:β See
624:Early
589:shrimp
561:corals
482:sabkha
449:gypsum
426:fossil
423:marine
282:Nevada
189:Nevada
175:Region
162:, and
156:gypsum
144:, and
109:, and
53:Bedded
2910:Lower
2866:Upper
2778:Upper
2149:Lower
2086:Upper
2038:Lower
1967:Upper
1931:Lower
1765:Upper
441:sandy
429:fauna
419:chert
152:Other
146:chert
138:sandy
1086:ISBN
1072:ISBN
1058:ISBN
1031:ISBN
807:ISBN
547:and
512:and
401:and
367:and
278:Utah
253:The
194:Utah
71:Type
55:and
3262:of
1192:of
944:pp.
742:in
738:on
620:Age
413:to
346:in
207:β (
38:to
3655::
3619:pΠ
3410:Pz
3361:Tr
3304:Mz
3284:Cz
3273:Ph
3122:pΠ
2279:Pz
2268:Ph
2076:Tr
1746:Mz
1735:Ph
1456:Pe
1250:Cz
1239:Ph
1140:,
949:^
907:^
875:^
851:^
833:.
818:^
774:^
583:,
575:,
567:,
563:,
559:,
555:,
435:,
312:.
300:,
261:,
158:,
136:,
105:,
63:.
34:,
3628:β
3553:Π
3525:D
3490:M
3472:β
3463:C
3420:P
3332:J
3314:K
3252:e
3245:t
3238:v
3178:X
3140:Z
3131:β
3108:e
3101:t
3094:v
2959:Π
2857:O
2769:D
2678:M
2550:β
2541:C
2289:P
2253:e
2246:t
2239:v
1958:J
1756:K
1720:e
1713:t
1706:v
1291:N
1260:Q
1224:e
1217:t
1210:v
1182:e
1175:t
1168:v
1039:.
690:*
684:*
678:*
666:*
660:*
211:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
