747:
687:. Virtually all leading members of the present-day democratic government had a role in the event, either as defendants or as defense lawyers. By 2000, DPP successfully ended KMT rule. After losing the 2008 and 2012 presidential and legislative elections to the KMT, the DPP successfully contested and won both elections in 2016.
670:
After the
Kaohsiung incident, a decade of political struggle continued between the mainlander-controlled KMT and the other political parties. The importance of the incident is that both Taiwanese people in Taiwan as well as the overseas Taiwanese community were galvanized into political actions. The
639:
also incorrectly stated that the
Tangwai protesters were motivated by a pro-independence mindset. It also stated that they were working to subvert the Republic of China in cooperation with the Chinese Communist Party. Such news reports caused negative public opinion. This negative public opinion was
513:
The KMT authorities used the incident as an excuse to arrest virtually all well-known opposition leaders. They were held incommunicado for some two months, during which reports of severe ill-treatment filtered out of the prisons. The arrested groups were subsequently tried in three separate groups.
504:
When the event took place during the evening, the military police marched forward and closed in on the demonstrators, then they retreated again to their original position. This was repeated two or more times. The battalion commander explained that the purpose of this exercise was to cause panic and
436:
with Hsu as the director aiming at consolidating
Tangwai membership. On 16 August 1979, the first edition was published under the title "Joint Promotion of the New Generation's Political Movements". The initial issue sold out all of its 25,000 copies, the second and third issues sold almost 100,000
20:
419:. Tangwai regarded the arrest of Yu as a signal of complete suppression and decided to make a last-ditch effort by holding radical demonstrations on the street, resulting in the escalating conflict between the conservative KMT and Tangwai. On 20 April, the government impeached Magistrate
403:
immediately postponed all elections without a definite deadline for its restoration. Tangwai, which had won steadily expanding support, was strongly frustrated and disappointed about Chiang's decision since it suspended the only legitimate method they could use to express their opinions.
465:). Tangwai held many public gatherings and protests, without official permission. The KMT response was limited, such as sending police in riot gear but not suppressing the gatherings. This low-level reaction gave Tangwai confidence in its own power and it stuck to the radical approach.
500:
Between 2:00 and 3:00 p.m. that afternoon (four hours before the demonstration commemorating Human Rights Day started, and before any irregularities had taken place), the military police, the army, and the police had already taken up positions when the demonstrators arrived.
376:", literally meaning "outside the party". In its fifth edition on 27 December 1976 it published an article entitled "Two States of Mind – An Evening Discussion with Fou Cong and Professor Liou" which resulted in the revocation of the publisher's license. In the
533:
office. The next day, Lin's mother and twin 7-year-old daughters were stabbed to death in his home, while his oldest daughter was badly wounded. The authorities claimed to know nothing about it, even though his house was under 24-hour police surveillance.
380:, Tangwai expanded support significantly and won more seats than ever before. The outcome of the election demonstrated the potential of Tangwai as a quasi-opposition party to the ruling KMT and laid the ground for the ensuing mass movement.
666:
authority, and were eager for a more democratic society. The event turned into a series of political protests that led to public trials and arrests. It is considered a turning point for pro-democracy groups/anti-KMT political opposition.
643:
The incident caused international attention around the world, which pressed the KMT government to hold an open trial on the accused. Even though there were pressures from the U.S. and reports from the international media such as
988:
333:
and the watershed of the Taiwan democratization movements. The event had the effect of galvanizing the
Taiwanese community into political actions and is regarded as one of the events that eventually led to democracy in Taiwan.
1304:
Weng, Shieu-chi and Chen, Huei-min (2000). Social
Structure, Linguistic Mechanisms and Construction of Identity: How Mass Media "Wove" the Kao-hsion Incident and Constructed Ethnic and National Identities of People in Taiwan.
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copies, and the fourth issue sold more than 110,000. Nonetheless, Hsu's magistracy position was revoked by the government in 29 June, and he went exile to U.S. on 30 September. On 17 October 1979, a meeting of 22
542:
In March–April 1980, the eight most prominent leaders "The
Kaohsiung Eight" were tried in military court and were sentenced to terms ranging from 12 years to life imprisonment. The trial was also publicized.
485:
dispatched two campaign wagons to broadcast the "Human Rights Forum". The wagons were held up by police and two volunteers were arrested and beaten, which roused
Tangwai and its supporters to protest at the
473:
The magazine's
Kaohsiung service center applied for a permit to hold a human rights forum on 10 December 1979 at an indoor stadium, and after that was denied it applied for a permit to hold the event at the
1313:
546:
In April–May 1980, another group of 33 people, "The
Kaohsiung 33", who had taken part in the Human Rights Day gathering were tried in civil court and sentenced to terms ranging from two to six years.
623:
Mainstream media had long been controlled by the authoritarian KMT government. The contemporary domestic newspapers were biased about the
Kaohsiung Incident and framed it as a violent mass event.
1179:[New historical data reveals that Southern Command of TGC destroyed Formosa Magazine offices and HuangHsin-Chieh's house through mafia acts] (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Taipei: Newtalk News.
1014:
566:, the general-secretary of the Presbyterian Church. Kao was sentenced to seven years imprisonment. The others received lesser sentences. Shih was given a life sentence, and his wife,
730:
445:
Embassy over an article in the second issue titled "Unveil the Myth of the Korean Economic Miracle" (揭發韓國經濟奇蹟的神話). In November and early December, the southern command of
364:(KMT). During the late 1970s many opponents of the KMT seeking democracy gradually organized themselves as an opposition camp, following the establishment of the magazine
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branch of Public Security Bureau. This incident caused many outraged Tangwai members and supporters who had not planned to attend the forum the next day to do so.
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and his comrades soon petitioned the KMT government for the restoration of elections, but were rebuffed. On 21 January 1979, the KMT arrested
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526:, a leader of the democratic movement, was in detention and beaten severely by KMT police. His wife saw him in prison and contacted the
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abetted 6 cases of local mafia members smashing the offices of the Formosa Magazine and Huang's residence in Taipei, Kaohsiung, and
1343:
Pang, Ming-Fui (2001). The Editorials of the United Daily News toward the Magnificent Political Events during the Postwar Taiwan.
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917:[An Unavoidable Conflict: An Explanation of the Kaohsiung Incident in Terms of the Dialectic of Structure and Process]
650:, the mainstream Taiwanese media refuted what the larger international media reported as biased rumors regarding the incident.
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fear in the crowd and also to provoke anger and confusion. Political demonstrators clashed with troops sent by the KMT.
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1150:(2005). "Chapter 8: The First Democracy in the Chinese World: The Kaohsiung Incident and Taiwan's "Political Miracle"".
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679:, the event called for self-determination. An overseas support network of Taiwanese organizations was also formed in
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478:(扶輪公園), which was also denied. In response, it was decided to hold the demonstration at the Kaohsiung headquarters.
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662:(KMT) ruling regime that allowed some fostering of political opposition. Taiwanese citizens were becoming weary of
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celebration on the island. Until that time the authorities had never allowed any public expression of discontent.
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991:[The development of public opinion during "The Formosa Arrest"—With an Analysis of the Main-stream [
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588:. After the event, newspapers reported that the ensuing confrontations led to civilian and police injuries.
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Fifteen of Taiwan's most important political leaders, writers and intellectuals, all associated with the
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701:, was one of the "Kaohsiung Eight". She was sentenced to 12 years, of which she served five and a half.
415:, another Tangwai leader, and his son with the intentional false accusation of propagandising for the
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947:[The Dissident Media in Post-War Taiwan: From Political Magazine to "Underground Radio"].
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as of 1 January 1979. It was the most serious challenge to the Taiwan government since it
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movement which grew out of the incident formed the basis for the present-day governing
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Ying, Diane (January 24, 1980). "Taiwan Is Planning Open Trials Soon for Dissidents".
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for participating the historical first democratic rally in the Martial law period.
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security agencies adopted a proposal to ban the magazine after a protest from the
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Roy, Denny. Taiwan: A Political History. (2003). Cornell University Press.
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The time period experienced a rising middle class, and a more open-minded
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used by the media as further proof to attack and condemn the Tangwai.
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The Kaohsiung Incident is widely regarded as a seminal event in the
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participants were arrested and imprisoned on trumped-up charges of
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675:. While political opposition at the time was not yet calling for
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A Brief History of Taiwan – A Sparrow Transformed into a Phoenix
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You can help by providing page numbers for existing citations.
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2021 arrests of Hong Kong pro-democracy primaries participants
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The event on 10 December 1979 started out as the first major
224:
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925:(in Chinese (Taiwan)) (13). Taipei: 71–128. Archived from
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1211:
Violence and Poetry-Kaohsiung Incident and Formosa Trial
949:台灣社會研究季刊 (Taiwan: A Radical Quarterly in Social Studies)
869:"DPP releases book commemorating the Kaohsiung Incident"
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819:
Literary Culture in Taiwan: Martial Law to Market Law
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109:
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A third group of 10 people were associated with the
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From 1949 until the 1990s, Taiwan was effectively a
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1979 crackdown on pro-democracy protesters in Taiwan
1108:[Prologue of the Formosa Incident Archive]
1033:"Democratizing the Quasi-Leninist Regime in Taiwan"
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23:The Kaohsiung Eight arrested. From left to right:
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387:announced that the U.S. would sever its official
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1263:"Taiwanese opposition leaders on hunger strike"
1102:Research, Development and Evaluation Commission
453:with one employee injured by axe, allegedly by
1311:"社會結構、語言機制與認同建構--大眾媒介如何「編織」美麗島事件並構塑民眾的族群與國家認同"
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1213:] (in Chinese). China Times Publishing.
481:On 9 December 1979, the Kaohsiung branch of
372:in 1975. These opponents called themselves "
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783:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1183:from the original on 4 February 2022
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1017:on 2014-05-14 – via CEPS/文章書目.
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383:On 16 December 1978, U.S. President
1349:“《聯合報》社論對台灣重大政治事件的立場與觀點(1950–1995)”
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726:Jing-Mei White Terror Memorial Park
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999:臺灣史研究 (Taiwan Historical Research)
821:. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
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14:
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1307:Communication Research Monographs
989:"美麗島大逮捕"前後國內輿論情勢之發展―以主流平面媒體爲主的分析"
943:Feng, Chien-san (1 August 1995).
844:Taiwan: Nation-State or Province?
817:Chang, Sung-sheng Yvonne (2004).
1175:Lin, Chao-yi (3 February 2022).
883:from the original on 9 June 2020
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1287:from the original on 2007-08-30
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1205:New Taiwan Foundation (1999).
1112:(in Chinese (Taiwan)). Taipei:
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1177:"新史料揭露：南警備司令透過黑道搗毀美麗島雜誌社與黃信介家"
913:Tang, Chih-Chieh (June 2007).
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308:in Taiwan. At that time, the
276:, on 10 December 1979 during
1031:Cheng, Tun-jen (July 1989).
915:"勢不可免的衝突：從結構／過程的辯證看美麗島事件之發生"
846:. Boulder, Colo.: Westview.
673:Democratic Progressive Party
348:Kuomintang retreat to Taiwan
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1379:Political history of Taiwan
957:10.29816/TARQSS.199508.0006
923:台灣社會學 (Taiwanese Sociology)
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283:The incident occurred when
278:Taiwan's martial law period
10:
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945:"異議媒體的停滯與流變之初探：從政論雜誌到地下電台"
397:People's Republic of China
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331:post-war history of Taiwan
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1207:暴力與詩歌 : 高雄事件與美麗島大審
754:This article cites its
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417:Chinese Communist Party
366:Taiwan Political Review
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166:Simplified Chinese
1345:The Journal of History
677:Taiwanese independence
360:under the rule of the
304:to promote and demand
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987:Chen, Fupian (2007).
842:Copper, John (2003).
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711:White Terror (Taiwan)
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1104:(28 February 2003).
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432:was established by
399:in 1971. President
1374:Protests in Taiwan
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1106:"美麗島事件檔案導引"
626:China Times
558:for hiding
476:Rotary Park
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1368:Categories
1291:2007-10-26
1220:9571330329
1187:4 February
1156:. Taipei:
1127:4 February
887:10 October
875:. Taipei:
737:References
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338:Background
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531:Osaka
463:常持琇中將
172:美丽岛事件
158:美麗島事件
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1274:ISSN
1246:ISBN
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