61:
2279:, the use of oral ketoconazole was suspended in France in July 2011, following review. This event triggered an evaluation of oral ketoconazole throughout the rest of the European Union. In 2013, oral ketoconazole was withdrawn in the European Union and Australia, and strict restrictions were placed on the use of oral ketoconazole in the United States and Canada. Oral ketoconazole is indicated for use in these countries when the indication is a severe or life-threatening systemic infection and alternatives are unavailable. However, topical ketoconazole, which does not distribute systemically, is safe and widely used still.
807:
784:
1240:
31:
970:
1763:
16817:
1488:
and worsening of other related to the gland conditions. It recommends oral tablets should not be a first-line treatment for any fungal infection. It should be used for the treatment of certain fungal infections, known as endemic mycoses, only when alternative antifungal therapies are not available or
2048:
were unaffected. The ratio of testosterone to estradiol is also decreased during oral ketoconazole therapy in men. Suppression of testosterone levels by ketoconazole is generally partial and has often been found to be transient. Better effects on suppression of testosterone levels have been observed
2023:
Oral ketoconazole has been used clinically as a steroidogenesis inhibitor in men, women, and children at dosages of 200 to 1,200 mg/day. Numerous small studies have investigated the effects of oral ketoconazole on hormone levels in humans. It has been found in men to significantly decrease
4117:
Duret C, Daujat-Chavanieu M, Pascussi JM, Pichard-Garcia L, Balaguer P, Fabre JM, et al. (July 2006). "Ketoconazole and miconazole are antagonists of the human glucocorticoid receptor: consequences on the expression and function of the constitutive androstane receptor and the pregnane X
1899:
of action. First, and most notably, high oral doses of ketoconazole (e.g. 40 mg three times per day) block both testicular and adrenal androgen biosynthesis, leading to a reduction in circulating testosterone levels. It produces this effect through inhibition of
2259:
in July 1981. Following its introduction, ketoconazole was the only systemic antifungal available for almost a decade. Ketoconazole was introduced as the prototypical medication of the imidazole group of antifungals. Oral ketoconazole has been replaced with oral
7158:
1512:
The topical formulations have not been associated with liver damage, adrenal problems, or drug interactions. These formulations include creams, shampoos, foams, and gels applied to the skin, unlike the ketoconazole tablets, which are taken by mouth.
3930:
Witjes FJ, Debruyne FM, Fernandez del Moral P, Geboers AD (May 1989). "Ketoconazole high dose in management of hormonally pretreated patients with progressive metastatic prostate cancer. Dutch South-Eastern
Urological Cooperative Group".
1879:. Experimentally, resistance usually arises as a result of mutations in the sterol biosynthesis pathway. Defects in the sterol 5-6 desaturase enzyme reduce the toxic effects of azole inhibition of the 14-alpha demethylation step.
1883:(MDR) genes can also play a role in reducing cellular levels of the drug. As azole antifungals all act at the same point in the sterol pathway, resistant isolates are normally cross-resistant to all members of the azole family.
4688:
Heeres J, Backx LJ, Mostmans JH, Van Cutsem J (August 1979). "Antimycotic imidazoles. part 4. Synthesis and antifungal activity of ketoconazole, a new potent orally active broad-spectrum antifungal agent".
5836:
882:
2679:
1916:. Due to its efficacy at reducing systemic androgen levels, ketoconazole has been used with some success as a treatment for androgen-dependent prostate cancer. Second, ketoconazole is an
2069:, ketoconazole has been found to significantly decrease levels of androstenedione and testosterone and significantly increase levels of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and estradiol. Studies in
936:
InChI=1S/C26H28Cl2N4O4/c1-19(33)31-10-12-32(13-11-31)21-3-5-22(6-4-21)34-15-23-16-35-26(36-23,17-30-9-8-29-18-30)24-7-2-20(27)14-25(24)28/h2-9,14,18,23H,10-13,15-17H2,1H3/t23-,26-/m0/s1
4926:
11941:
11924:
11167:
11895:
8090:
15800:
16745:
11213:
8875:
10588:
12061:
9129:
2366:(CHMP) recommended that a ban be imposed on the use of oral ketoconazole for systemic use in humans throughout the European Union, after concluding that the risk of serious
11102:
2578:
10751:
6276:
5829:
1263:. It was speculated that antifungal properties of ketoconazole reduce scalp microflora and consequently may reduce follicular inflammation that contributes to alopecia.
5032:
16882:
9119:
4843:
4813:
16021:
16011:
11929:
11727:
11349:
11259:
1739:
There is also a list of drugs which significantly decrease systemic exposure to the ketoconazole and drugs whose systemic exposure is increased by the ketoconazole.
9443:
15768:
15719:
11878:
11866:
11669:
11327:
11254:
1266:
Limited clinical studies suggest ketoconazole shampoo used either alone or in combination with other treatments may be useful in reducing hair loss in some cases.
15836:
14484:
14329:
12233:
12083:
11958:
11553:
11421:
16026:
11890:
11849:
11322:
11310:
8817:
8764:
5822:
13280:
12115:
11766:
11681:
11409:
11196:
8083:
7006:
300:
13151:
15793:
15601:
15596:
15586:
11970:
11242:
16006:
1284:
The side effects of ketoconazole are sometimes harnessed in the treatment of non-fungal conditions. While ketoconazole blocks the synthesis of the sterol
15536:
14825:
12066:
13209:
13204:
2840:"FDA limits usage of Nizoral (ketoconazole) oral tablets due to potentially fatal liver injury and risk of drug interactions and adrenal gland problems"
12600:
11744:
952:
13275:
16675:
10565:
16957:
9249:
3891:"Cloning of Candida albicans genes conferring resistance to azole antifungal agents: characterization of CDR2, a new multidrug ABC transporter gene"
2668:
16912:
13161:
12871:
12811:
12716:
12673:
11095:
8076:
1114:
in the
European Union and in Australia in 2013, and in China in 2015. In addition, its use was restricted in the United States and Canada in 2013.
3450:
Marks DH, Prasad S, De Souza B, Burns LJ, Senna MM (December 2019). "Topical
Antiandrogen Therapies for Androgenetic Alopecia and Acne Vulgaris".
2973:
15786:
6269:
4377:"Low dose ketoconazole attenuates serum androgen levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and inhibits ovarian steroidogenesis in vitro"
2611:
15876:
15670:
14291:
13036:
12981:
12976:
12941:
12678:
12625:
12515:
12193:
10137:
10127:
3303:
Piérard-Franchimont C, De
Doncker P, Cauwenbergh G, Piérard GE (1998). "Ketoconazole shampoo: effect of long-term use in androgenic alopecia".
2363:
16046:
15851:
15152:
14915:
14845:
13774:
13631:
13506:
13250:
13098:
13061:
12961:
12956:
12856:
12841:
12836:
12801:
12520:
12505:
10570:
177:
12186:
8617:
16695:
14471:
13894:
13869:
13784:
13431:
13421:
13011:
13001:
12971:
12966:
12931:
12886:
12831:
12821:
12816:
10611:
10606:
10391:
10167:
10157:
6393:
3348:"Nudging hair shedding by antidandruff shampoos. A comparison of 1% ketoconazole, 1% piroctone olamine and 1% zinc pyrithione formulations"
1468:
should be monitored while taking it. Oral ketoconazole at a dosage range of 400 to 2,000 mg/day has been found to result in a rate of
1028:
it is a less preferred option and only recommended for severe infections when other agents cannot be used. Other uses include treatment of
908:
4741:
16922:
16187:
16066:
15946:
15354:
14476:
14456:
14441:
14411:
13829:
13739:
13171:
13076:
13066:
13046:
13026:
13006:
12580:
12575:
12570:
11088:
10910:
10845:
10840:
10790:
10621:
10535:
10147:
8759:
4783:
4666:
4617:
2054:
4934:
16670:
16367:
16307:
15390:
15147:
15142:
15127:
14431:
13345:
13128:
12540:
12428:
12415:
12250:
11448:
10905:
10780:
10731:
10555:
10540:
10471:
10182:
10092:
8810:
8312:
8052:
6262:
16857:
16455:
16061:
15976:
13879:
13859:
13255:
13235:
12500:
12495:
11064:
10371:
10366:
10356:
10197:
10027:
6999:
3014:
11397:
8285:
3407:
Khandpur S, Suman M, Reddy BS (August 2002). "Comparative efficacy of various treatment regimens for androgenetic alopecia in men".
16977:
16117:
15172:
14494:
14143:
13240:
11286:
10900:
10721:
10072:
8176:
4904:
11800:
11703:
11611:
11599:
11179:
8473:
8429:
8378:
8366:
8159:
1529:
when administered in high doses. A subsequent trial in Europe failed to show a risk to infants of mothers receiving ketoconazole.
15410:
13363:
11657:
11497:
11069:
9549:
8407:
2219:)-(+)-ketoconazole). Levoketoconazole is under development for potential clinical use as a steroidogenesis inhibitor with better
1226:
Ketoconazole is used orally in dosages of 200 to 400 mg per day in the treatment of superficial and deep fungal infections.
2851:
2570:
2529:
2499:
2227:
than ketoconazole. Other steroidogenesis inhibitors besides ketoconazole and levoketoconazole include the nonsteroidal compound
16942:
13260:
13186:
11509:
10062:
3769:
3289:
2943:
2773:
1309:
1211:
antifungal medication. However, ketoconazole has largely been replaced as a first-line systemic antifungal medication by other
16842:
4952:
15705:
14195:
11059:
10011:
8803:
8726:
8042:
8009:
5780:
5064:
5024:
4879:
4777:
4735:
4660:
4611:
4477:
4316:
4278:
3252:
3208:
3151:
3101:
2913:
2647:
16837:
9144:
7178:
4835:
3065:
14635:
14613:
12709:
11054:
9050:
8047:
6992:
4805:
3501:
1127:
Topically administered ketoconazole is usually prescribed for fungal infections of the skin and mucous membranes, such as
16962:
14508:
9399:
8057:
7267:
2073:
women with breast cancer have found that ketoconazole significantly decreases androstenedione levels, slightly decreases
1522:
2164:
acid levels will lower the drug's absorption. Absorption can be increased by taking it with an acidic beverage, such as
959:
228:
16967:
16847:
15437:
12742:
9806:
9801:
3061:
9239:
3966:
De Coster R, Wouters W, Bruynseels J (January 1996). "P450-dependent enzymes as targets for prostate cancer therapy".
3385:
12330:
9468:
9045:
7126:
3693:
3584:
3126:
2889:
2847:
2808:
2304:
1802:
1484:(FDA) issued a warning that taking ketoconazole by mouth can cause severe liver injuries and adrenal gland problems:
1388:
with ketoconazole limits its use in all of these indications, especially in those that are benign such as hirsutism.
928:
12265:
10251:
15820:
13707:
10650:
9555:
9518:
9348:
9313:
8743:
8026:
7332:
7312:
7233:
5797:
3842:"Clinically significant azole cross-resistance in Candida isolates from HIV-positive patients with oral candidosis"
2383:
16595:
12585:
11572:
9244:
7904:
4070:"Ketoconazole binds to glucocorticoid receptors and exhibits glucocorticoid antagonist activity in cultured cells"
3600:
Loli P, Berselli ME, Tagliaferri M (December 1986). "Use of ketoconazole in the treatment of
Cushing's syndrome".
14398:
14218:
12702:
9473:
7287:
7032:
1381:
512:
360:
209:
16952:
16947:
16927:
16907:
16277:
9003:
7523:
5547:
4046:
1784:
1368:. However, in the treatment of prostate cancer, concomitant glucocorticoid administration is needed to prevent
1356:
effects, ketoconazole has been used with some success as a second-line treatment for certain forms of advanced
10241:
590:
16917:
16867:
14965:
14695:
7785:
7597:
4976:"Updates on the role of adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors in Cushing's syndrome: a focus on novel therapies"
1780:
8910:
8890:
5114:
4340:
Feldman D (November 1986). "Ketoconazole and other imidazole derivatives as inhibitors of steroidogenesis".
16862:
16787:
15764:
12668:
11049:
11019:
10584:
9878:
9266:
8319:
7954:
7546:
2118:
2041:
1481:
1068:
802:
648:
9739:
9092:
8905:
16897:
16872:
16322:
16016:
15809:
15744:
12350:
9956:
9318:
8920:
7962:
7487:
7241:
7066:
2463:"FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)"
2405:
for use in pets, often as unflavored tablets that may need to be cut to smaller size for correct dosage.
2005:
1617:
1288:
in fungi, in humans, at high dosages (>800 mg/day), it potently inhibits the activity of several
763:
724:
11152:
9941:
9936:
9744:
2965:
1223:, because of ketoconazole's greater toxicity, poorer absorption, and more limited spectrum of activity.
16892:
16887:
16807:
11582:
9478:
9097:
7912:
7146:
4460:
Tarbit MH, Robertson WR, Lambert A (1990). "Hepatic and
Endocrine Effects of Azole Antifungal Agents".
2707:
Arakaki R, Welles B (February 2010). "Ketoconazole enantiomer for the treatment of diabetes mellitus".
2313:
1044:
16097:
16092:
12270:
10246:
5814:
2033:
1106:. In 2021, it was the 161st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3
15730:
15304:
14627:
14525:
14209:
13721:
9308:
9035:
8981:
8669:
8068:
7727:
7121:
7096:
6957:
6812:
5615:
5585:
5057:
4930:
4839:
4809:
2675:
2607:
2603:
2462:
2359:
2066:
1275:
717:
16580:
16127:
15966:
12475:
9087:
7738:
6735:
6628:
3715:
Deepinder F, Braunstein GD (September 2012). "Drug-induced gynecomastia: an evidence-based review".
1489:
tolerated. As contraindication it should not be used in people with acute or chronic liver disease.
1248:
779:
16705:
16620:
15632:
15550:
15451:
15368:
15237:
14660:
14557:
14389:
14158:
11230:
11162:
11147:
9898:
9867:
9587:
9528:
9261:
9039:
8915:
8865:
8183:
7317:
7142:
6691:
5480:
4927:"European Medicines Agency recommends suspension of marketing authorisations for oral ketoconazole"
3575:
Zelefsky MJ, Eastham JA, Sartor OA, Kantoff P (2008). DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA (eds.).
1909:
1155:
on other areas of the body, perhaps acting in these conditions by suppressing levels of the fungus
10236:
9971:
9951:
15578:
15514:
14850:
12756:
12683:
12176:
11982:
11732:
11373:
11361:
11122:
11111:
10767:
9694:
9256:
9156:
8769:
8731:
8612:
8446:
8261:
8014:
7188:
7138:
6888:
6619:
6237:
5785:
5715:
3200:
3191:
2248:
1943:
1869:
1773:
1091:
265:
159:
9438:
1875:
Resistance to ketoconazole has been observed in a number of clinical fungal isolates, including
60:
16267:
15896:
15382:
15318:
14709:
13675:
13666:
13230:
13217:
13199:
13141:
12765:
12206:
Others/atypical (other expanded steroid ring systems, homosteroids, and non-pregnane steroids):
12122:
12095:
11827:
11526:
11174:
10759:
9894:
9533:
9404:
9276:
9124:
8993:
8942:
8592:
8577:
8493:
8296:
8203:
7322:
7228:
7134:
7130:
7071:
6883:
6009:
5946:
5752:
5399:
4725:
3242:
2331:
1868:
are required to kill fungi compared to ketoconazole, as they have been found to have a greater
1557:
The concomitant use of the following medications is contraindicated with ketoconazole tablets:
1465:
1204:
1021:
1001:
745:
434:
284:
10231:
4869:
4767:
4650:
4601:
3498:
Ectopic
Cortisol Production Derived From Malignant Testicular Masses: Treatment and Management
2879:
1931:. This effect is thought to be quite weak however, even with high oral doses of ketoconazole.
697:
16937:
16932:
16877:
15346:
15247:
12280:
12275:
12164:
12051:
11994:
11919:
11812:
11715:
11633:
10291:
9779:
9629:
9523:
9188:
8870:
8480:
8390:
7946:
7607:
6726:
6472:
6413:
6027:
4303:. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 1034. Springer. pp. 131–161.
3528:"Ketoconazole blocks adrenal steroidogenesis by inhibiting cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes"
2637:
2390:
2322:
2283:
1700:
1688:
1485:
1461:
1420:
1369:
1365:
1152:
1060:
1033:
1013:
1009:
893:
581:
16112:
16102:
11157:
1736:
is known for increasing activity of the ketoconazole so it is recommended to reduce dosage.
1169:
Ketoconazole has activity against many kinds of fungi that may cause human disease, such as
630:
16972:
16450:
16422:
16412:
16031:
14940:
13471:
13406:
13386:
12400:
11771:
11645:
11521:
11460:
10451:
9919:
9890:
9863:
9729:
9617:
9426:
9394:
9360:
8998:
8969:
8198:
8188:
7958:
7766:
7657:
7252:
7237:
7213:
7106:
7091:
6948:
6649:
6580:
6481:
5050:
1880:
1440:
Vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, constipation, abdominal pain, upper abdominal pain, dry mouth,
657:
538:
475:
292:
65:
16107:
9082:
6254:
2422:
637:
8:
16902:
16852:
16252:
16152:
16076:
15778:
15591:
13729:
13133:
12510:
12395:
12300:
12290:
11822:
11560:
11385:
10974:
10969:
10701:
10661:
10506:
10426:
10326:
10316:
10261:
9841:
9377:
9134:
8988:
8885:
8488:
8344:
8273:
7991:
7950:
7854:
7800:
7782:
7642:
7617:
7612:
7594:
7583:
7537:
7257:
6765:
6668:
6567:
6348:
6319:
6142:
5542:
5358:
2236:
2114:
2025:
1939:
1924:
1896:
1260:
1200:
1025:
529:
426:
272:
16446:
4900:
3346:
Piérard-Franchimont C, Goffin V, Henry F, Uhoda I, Braham C, Piérard GE (October 2002).
2393:. Oral levoketoconazole may have a lower risk of liver toxicity than oral ketoconazole.
806:
783:
16725:
16480:
16281:
15812:
14001:
13996:
13899:
13606:
13376:
12620:
12490:
12462:
12325:
11907:
11443:
11114:
9811:
9674:
9634:
9612:
9545:
9448:
9421:
9389:
9222:
9112:
8964:
8829:
8659:
8633:
8515:
8307:
8246:
8215:
8103:
7896:
7858:
7327:
7262:
7218:
7208:
7183:
7111:
7086:
6388:
6358:
5971:
5705:
5675:
5670:
5000:
4975:
4240:
4186:
4174:
4143:
4094:
4069:
4038:
3991:
3871:
3822:
3793:"Population-based case-control study of oral ketoconazole treatment for birth outcomes"
3740:
3653:
3636:
3475:
3432:
3420:
3328:
3142:
Young BK, Brodell RT, Cooper KD (2013). "Therapeutic
Shampoos". In Wolverton SE (ed.).
3039:
2732:
2181:
1546:
1353:
1095:
993:
239:
12470:
11208:
4568:
4543:
4393:
4376:
3552:
3527:
1901:
1842:
1333:
1317:
16430:
16137:
15650:
15261:
14935:
14579:
14451:
13698:
13591:
12725:
12370:
12355:
11298:
11276:
11080:
10825:
10441:
10401:
10266:
10042:
9961:
9764:
9669:
9488:
9205:
9067:
8976:
8959:
8927:
8880:
8837:
8826:
8682:
8142:
7966:
7790:
7647:
7637:
7575:
7081:
7047:
6918:
6898:
6833:
6492:
6487:
6383:
5566:
5005:
4875:
4773:
4731:
4706:
4656:
4607:
4573:
4524:
4483:
4473:
4442:
4398:
4357:
4322:
4312:
4274:
4232:
4178:
4135:
4099:
4030:
3983:
3979:
3948:
3944:
3912:
3863:
3858:
3841:
3814:
3809:
3792:
3732:
3658:
3617:
3580:
3557:
3479:
3467:
3424:
3377:
3363:
3320:
3281:
3248:
3204:
3147:
3122:
3097:
3043:
3031:
2885:
2839:
2804:
2724:
2643:
2521:
2491:
2228:
1928:
1917:
1646:
1638:
1279:
1157:
1128:
735:
375:
276:
201:
4603:
The
Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies
4190:
4147:
4042:
3995:
3826:
3761:
3744:
3436:
3332:
3269:
2935:
2765:
2736:
187:
16715:
16435:
16317:
16247:
16132:
16122:
16036:
15886:
15428:
14925:
14840:
14640:
14359:
14148:
13486:
12595:
11788:
11225:
11203:
11186:
10711:
10691:
9639:
9503:
9062:
8900:
8860:
8786:
8226:
7908:
7839:
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6858:
6848:
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5660:
4995:
4987:
4948:
4698:
4563:
4555:
4514:
4465:
4464:. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 96. Springer. pp. 205–229.
4432:
4388:
4349:
4304:
4266:
4244:
4224:
4170:
4127:
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3416:
3367:
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2716:
2379:
2200:
1832:
1549:
may be administered within the first hour following overdose of oral ketoconazole.
1424:
1412:
1408:
1337:
1212:
1171:
1144:
1099:
997:
819:
413:
343:
333:
323:
313:
92:
9976:
2905:
2016:
M, respectively). Both isomers were relatively weak inhibitors of human placental
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16821:
16392:
16287:
16167:
15680:
15675:
15645:
15474:
15469:
15072:
15037:
15027:
14992:
14599:
14574:
14041:
13734:
13616:
12771:
12733:
12335:
12100:
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11356:
10636:
10521:
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10047:
9714:
9689:
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9493:
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6893:
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6398:
6299:
6226:
5888:
5878:
5292:
5282:
4469:
4308:
4270:
3728:
3117:
Neider R, Fritsch PO (2012). "Other
Eczematous Eruptions". In Bolognia JL (ed.).
3092:
Phillips RM, Rosen T (2013). "Topical Antifungal Agents". In Wolverton SE (ed.).
3057:
2442:
2427:
2192:
2037:
1950:
1908:, which are involved in the synthesis and degradation of steroids, including the
1839:
1357:
1345:
1297:
1064:
989:
898:
563:
444:
421:
3686:"Nizoral (Ketoconazole): Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses"
16740:
16660:
16530:
16387:
16242:
16207:
15866:
15655:
15611:
15202:
15102:
15012:
14686:
14542:
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13596:
13516:
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8419:
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3579:(8th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 1443.
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5495:
5302:
5254:
5220:
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5145:
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4502:
4487:
3027:
2282:
Ketoconazole HRA was approved for use in the European Union for treatment of
2256:
2169:
2062:
1824:
1692:
1674:
1416:
1377:
1084:
795:
388:
22:
5042:
2492:"Ketoconazole HRA 200mg Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)"
1239:
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1325:
1313:
1301:
1220:
1183:
985:
969:
338:
328:
318:
308:
30:
11175:
11-Deoxycorticosterone (desoxycortone, deoxycortone, desoxycorticosterone)
7268:
Trenbolone hexahydrobenzylcarbonate (trenbolone cyclohexylmethylcarbonate)
4577:
4559:
4446:
4402:
4361:
4236:
4182:
4103:
4034:
3987:
3952:
3916:
3867:
3685:
3621:
3561:
3347:
3324:
3178:(4th ed.). Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 411.
2140:
Ketoconazole has been found to inhibit the activity of the cation channel
16750:
16720:
16700:
16650:
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16520:
16505:
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5424:
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5259:
5230:
5225:
5215:
5210:
5185:
5160:
5025:"A review of selected systemic antifungal drugs for use in dogs and cats"
4710:
4544:"Effects of an acidic beverage (Coca-Cola) on absorption of ketoconazole"
4353:
3784:
2522:"Ketoconazole 2% w/w Shampoo - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)"
2261:
2103:
1905:
1861:
1656:
1642:
1625:
1569:
1497:
1321:
1293:
1256:
1252:
1216:
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1177:
1136:
1072:
1040:
195:
4702:
3929:
3270:"Promising therapies for treating and/or preventing androgenic alopecia"
1500:
after the first dose may occur. Other cases of hypersensitivity include
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9853:
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9654:
9607:
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9343:
9293:
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9229:
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9015:
9010:
8932:
8712:
8702:
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8463:
8414:
8385:
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8231:
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7815:
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6709:
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5873:
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5410:
5363:
5200:
5150:
5135:
5099:
5073:
4228:
2196:
2088:
2081:
levels. This indicates minimal inhibition of aromatase by ketoconazole
1935:
1920:
1857:
1853:
1820:
1787: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1727:
1705:
1660:
1634:
1621:
1612:
1604:
1600:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1526:
1449:
1285:
1080:
858:
621:
462:
8098:
4769:
Principles of Pharmacology: The Pathophysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy
4299:
Drobnis EZ, Nangia AK (2017). "Antimicrobials and Male Reproduction".
4261:
Wheeler CJ, Keye WR, Peterson CM (2010). "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome".
4085:
3543:
3372:
3316:
1372:. Ketoconazole has additionally been used, in lower dosages, to treat
16655:
16645:
16640:
16630:
16615:
16600:
16545:
16500:
16470:
16332:
16312:
16237:
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16172:
16041:
15971:
15961:
15906:
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15606:
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15405:
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15255:
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15192:
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15002:
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14905:
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14810:
14805:
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14594:
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10681:
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10461:
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10336:
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10207:
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7805:
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6155:
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6036:
5937:
5927:
5742:
5690:
5419:
5378:
5344:
5170:
5126:
4871:
Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties and Synonyms
3012:
Gupta AK, Lyons DC (2015). "The Rise and Fall of Oral Ketoconazole".
2184:
2107:
2074:
2058:
2045:
2017:
1816:
1733:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1678:
1652:
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1373:
1140:
1076:
1029:
549:
493:
488:
181:
4010:
2382:(developmental code name COR-003, tentative brand name Recorlev) is
2347:
Ketoconazole has been marketed under a large number of brand names.
1762:
1090:
Ketoconazole was patented in 1977 by Belgian pharmaceutical company
16560:
16540:
16510:
16382:
16342:
16192:
16182:
16056:
15331:
15137:
15132:
15092:
15007:
14855:
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14668:
14051:
14016:
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13290:
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12056:
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11266:
11191:
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10411:
10346:
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10107:
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9107:
8949:
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8707:
8572:
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7888:
7477:
7154:
7027:
7015:
6873:
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6828:
6808:
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6448:
6150:
6124:
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5383:
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5245:
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2095:
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1664:
1538:
1341:
1329:
1305:
1148:
1132:
1052:
1017:
677:
601:
223:
12429:
11163:
11-Dehydrocorticosterone (11-oxocorticosterone, 17-deoxycortisone)
2152:
When administered orally, ketoconazole is best absorbed at highly
2087:
in humans. Ketoconazole has also been found to decrease levels of
2057:, which prevents compensatory upregulation of luteinizing hormone
1541:
of oral ketoconazole, treatment should be supportive and based on
1110:
million prescriptions. The formulation that is taken by mouth was
881:
751:
16770:
16755:
16685:
16147:
15871:
15400:
15222:
15022:
14547:
13946:
13884:
13546:
13526:
13222:
13093:
12385:
12295:
10947:
10736:
10676:
10476:
10361:
10202:
10177:
10032:
9774:
9724:
9664:
9325:
7437:
7055:
6206:
5918:
5761:
5373:
4836:"Ketoconazole HRA recommended for approval in Cushing's syndrome"
4375:
Gal M, Orly J, Barr I, Algur N, Boldes R, Diamant YZ (May 1994).
4215:
Sonino N (August 1986). "The endocrine effects of ketoconazole".
2269:
2232:
2161:
2157:
2128:
2083:
2078:
2061:
and consequent activation of gonadal testosterone production. In
1990:
1684:
1542:
1047:
include redness. Common side effects when taken by mouth include
288:
280:
11896:
Meprednisone hydrogen succinate (methylprednisone hemisuccinate)
4501:
Philippaert K, Kerselaers S, Voets T, Vennekens R (April 2018).
4161:
Shaw JC (November 1996). "Antiandrogen therapy in dermatology".
2024:
testosterone and estradiol levels and to significantly increase
1411:, such as concomitant use with certain other drugs due to known
15226:
14490:
Tooltip G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel
14339:
14335:
Tooltip G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel
14011:
13931:
13814:
13804:
13586:
13355:
10998:
10939:
10924:
10830:
8155:
Desoxycortone (deoxycortone, cortexone, 11-deoxycorticosterone)
6463:
2252:
1846:
1836:
1828:
1289:
1207:. First made in 1977, ketoconazole was the first orally-active
1048:
708:
497:
101:
15706:
14196:
13966:
13819:
12128:
Ciprocinonide (fluocinolone acetonide cyclopropylcarboxylate)
10530:
10212:
10122:
10053:
Andarine (acetamidoxolutamide, androxolutamide, GTx-007, S-4)
10012:
8896:
Adrenosterone (11-ketoandrostenedione, 11-oxoandrostenedione)
5110:
4687:
4421:"New endocrine drugs for treatment of advanced breast cancer"
3526:
Loose DS, Kan PB, Hirst MA, Marcus RA, Feldman D (May 1983).
2141:
1501:
1208:
1005:
872:
688:
450:
14614:
4941:
3574:
768:
15542:
Tooltip Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
15464:
14509:
14167:
14129:
13912:
12133:
Fluocinonide (fluocinolide, fluocinolone acetonide acetate)
10963:
10276:
6468:
6284:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2165:
2153:
1994:
916:
O=C(N5CCN(c4ccc(OC1O(OC1)(c2ccc(Cl)cc2Cl)Cn3ccnc3)cc4)CC5)C
668:
131:
122:
116:
107:
15808:
15438:
12743:
3965:
3146:(3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. pp. 562–569.
3121:(3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. pp. 219–221.
3096:(3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. pp. 460–472.
1815:
As an antifungal, ketoconazole is structurally similar to
1094:, and came into medical use in 1981. It is available as a
143:
10646:
4949:"Levoketoconazole - Strongbridge Biopharma - AdisInsight"
4723:
3968:
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
2803:(76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 1198.
2470:
2401:
Ketoconazole is sometimes prescribed as an antifungal by
2305:
1835:
agents, ketoconazole works principally by inhibiting the
15821:
13708:
12194:
Triamcinolone aminobenzal benzamidoisobutyrate (TBI-PAB)
9737:
17α-Alkylated 5α-dihydro-19-nortestosterone derivatives:
4874:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 159–.
3889:
Sanglard D, Ischer F, Monod M, Bille J (February 1997).
3888:
3449:
2544:
1063:. Other severe side effects when taken by mouth include
14399:
14219:
9240:
7α-Methyl-19-norandrostenedione (MENT dione, trestione)
3839:
3708:
3599:
3244:
Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism
2598:
2596:
2355:
Ketoconazole is available widely throughout the world.
1415:. Other contraindications of oral ketoconazole include
1308:. Specifically, ketoconazole has been shown to inhibit
1147:. Topical ketoconazole is also used as a treatment for
1059:. Liver problems may result in death or the need for a
12263:
Non-corticosteroids with some glucocorticoid activity:
11483:
Prednicarbate (prednisolone ethylcarbonate propionate)
11110:
9934:
5α-Dihydro-17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives:
4967:
4459:
16805:
14696:
3840:
Cartledge JD, Midgley J, Gazzard BG (December 1997).
3247:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 1197–.
1525:
in the US. Research in animals has shown it to cause
140:
128:
125:
119:
113:
98:
95:
11350:
Etiprednol dicloacetate (etiprednol dichloroacetate)
11020:
7547:
7174:
Androstanolone (stanolone, dihydrotestosterone, DHT)
4772:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 624–.
4294:
4292:
4290:
3602:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
2593:
1923:, competing with androgens such as testosterone and
146:
134:
104:
12027:
Amcinonide (triamcinolone acetate cyclopentanonide)
11850:
Icometasone enbutate (icometasone butyrate acetate)
11527:
Pregnenolone succinate (pregnenolone hemisuccinate)
11282:
Hydrocortamate (hydrocortisone diethylaminoacetate)
9368:
Normethandrone (methylestrenolone, normethisterone)
7413:
Normethandrone (methylestrenolone, normethisterone)
7189:
Drostanolone propionate (dromostanolone propionate)
7033:
4645:
4643:
4641:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4503:"2+-Activated Monovalent Cation-Selective Channels"
4453:
4260:
4011:"Ketoconazole binds to the human androgen receptor"
3714:
3525:
2455:
2370:from systemic ketoconazole outweighs its benefits.
589:
110:
12434:Tooltip Selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists
12101:Fludroxycortide (flurandrenolone, flurandrenolide)
8583:Fludroxycortide (flurandrenolone, flurandrenolide)
4973:
4256:
4254:
4067:
3406:
3190:
3173:
3141:
2314:
1098:and formulations that are applied to the skin are
16883:Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme inhibitors
15731:
15305:
12182:Flupamesone (triamcinolone acetonide metembonate)
11493:Prednisolamate (prednisolone diethylaminoacetate)
9580:17α-Alkylated 5α-dihydrotestosterone derivatives:
4863:
4861:
4287:
3199:(22nd ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. p.
3007:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2772:. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.
1247:Ketoconazole shampoo in conjunction with an oral
16829:
15369:
8825:
7303:Metandienone (methandienone, methandrostenolone)
4652:Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory
4632:
4374:
569:
562:
15769:Transient receptor potential channel modulators
12138:Procinonide (fluocinolone acetonide propionate)
11123:
9799:5α-Dihydro-17α-ethynyltestosterone derivatives:
7014:
4251:
3790:
2877:
537:
11624:Ciclometasone (ciclomethasone, cyclomethasone)
9250:11β-Methyl-19-nortestosterone dodecylcarbonate
7355:17α-Alkylated dihydrotestosterone derivatives:
4858:
4717:
4414:
4412:
3521:
3519:
3267:
2988:
2631:
2629:
2364:Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use
2332:
2211:)-(−)-ketoconazole) and dextroketoconazole ((2
1819:, and interferes with the fungal synthesis of
15794:
15711:Tooltip Transient receptor potential channels
14201:Tooltip Inwardly rectifying potassium channel
12710:
11867:Locicortolone dicibate (locicortone dicibate)
11145:Cortisol-like and related (16-unsubstituted):
11096:
10017:Tooltip Selective androgen receptor modulator
9662:17α-Alkylated 19-nortestosterone derivatives:
8811:
8765:Mineralocorticoids and antimineralocorticoids
8224:Cortisol-like and related (16-unsubstituted):
8084:
7395:17α-Alkylated 19-nortestosterone derivatives:
7000:
6270:
5830:
5072:
5058:
5016:
4724:William Andrew Publishing (22 October 2013).
4655:. Taylor & Francis. 2000. pp. 586–.
4298:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4200:
3762:"Ketoconazole (Nizoral) Use During Pregnancy"
3577:Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology
3486:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3226:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3116:
3091:
3058:"国家食品药品监督管理总局关于停止生产销售使用酮康唑口服制剂的公告（2015年第85号）"
2706:
2323:
1895:, ketoconazole operates through at least two
1151:(seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp) and for
1030:excessive male-patterned hair growth in women
14619:Tooltip Tandem pore domain potassium channel
10068:Enobosarm (ostarine, MK-2866, GTx-024, S-22)
7214:Metenolone enanthate (methenolone enanthate)
4895:
4893:
4891:
4761:
4759:
4541:
4110:
4068:Loose DS, Stover EP, Feldman D (July 1983).
3637:"Flare Associated with LHRH-Agonist Therapy"
3628:
3443:
3400:
3339:
3261:
2966:"Oral ketoconazole (Nizoral) 200 mg tablets"
2049:in men when ketoconazole is combined with a
227:
16077:
14517:Tooltip Calcium-activated potassium channel
11410:Halopredone acetate (halopredone diacetate)
11277:Benzodrocortisone (hydrocortisone benzoate)
11187:11-Deoxycortisol (cortodoxone, cortexolone)
9819:17α-Ethynyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives:
8150:Cortodoxone (cortexolone, 11-deoxycortisol)
7538:
4681:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4589:
4587:
4409:
4368:
4333:
4061:
4002:
3959:
3923:
3756:
3754:
3516:
3296:
3087:
3085:
3083:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2626:
1845:(CYP51A1). This enzyme participates in the
405:In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
16128:Allopregnanedione (5α-dihydroprogesterone)
15801:
15787:
15443:Tooltip Calcium-activated chloride channel
13735:4-Aminopyridine (fampridine/dalfampridine)
12748:Tooltip Voltage-dependent calcium channels
12724:
12717:
12703:
11103:
11089:
9541:Methylclostebol (chloromethyltestosterone)
9436:5α-Dihydro-19-nortestosterone derivatives:
8818:
8804:
8091:
8077:
7007:
6993:
6277:
6263:
5837:
5823:
5065:
5051:
4974:Fleseriu M, Castinetti F (December 2016).
4867:
4730:(3rd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 1997–.
4263:Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility
4197:
3217:
3011:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2766:"Ketoconazole Monograph for Professionals"
2172:and tends to accumulate in fatty tissues.
1391:Ketoconazole has been used to prevent the
805:
782:
636:
629:
12326:Flugestone acetate (flurogestone acetate)
11617:Cortobenzolone (betamethasone salicylate)
9762:17α-Vinyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives:
9378:Oxabolone cipionate (oxabolone cypionate)
8994:DHEA (androstenolone, prasterone; 5-DHEA)
8838:
8247:Flugestone acetate (flurogestone acetate)
7576:
7258:Oxabolone cipionate (oxabolone cypionate)
7102:Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA)
7048:
4999:
4888:
4756:
4727:Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia
4567:
4518:
4436:
4392:
4217:Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
4093:
3906:
3857:
3808:
3791:Kazy Z, Puhó E, Czeizel AE (March 2005).
3652:
3551:
3371:
3352:International Journal of Cosmetic Science
3169:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3015:Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
2702:
2700:
2310:Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name
2255:in 1977, followed by introduction in the
1803:Learn how and when to remove this message
1344:. All of these enzymes are mitochondrial
1079:and works by hindering the production of
656:
16913:Drugs developed by Johnson & Johnson
15826:Tooltip Constitutive androstane receptor
13713:Tooltip Voltage-gated potassium channels
12057:Desonide (hydroxyprednisolone acetonide)
12012:Acrocinonide (triamcinolone acroleinide)
11570:Methasones and related (16-substituted):
9469:Chlorodehydromethylandrostenediol (CDMA)
8354:Methasones and related (16-substituted):
7209:Metenolone acetate (methenolone acetate)
5022:
4584:
4542:Chin TW, Loeb M, Fong IW (August 1995).
4301:Impacts of Medications on Male Fertility
4154:
3751:
3634:
3568:
3188:
3080:
2801:British national formulary : BNF 76
2795:
2793:
2791:
2743:
2635:
2126:, but this was not found to be relevant
2113:Ketoconazole has been found to displace
1886:
1238:
968:
520:1-methoxy]phenyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone
14407:Tooltip ATP-sensitive potassium channel
14227:Tooltip ATP-sensitive potassium channel
12674:Glucocorticoids and antiglucocorticoids
12022:Amcinafide (triamcinolone acetophenide)
11070:List of androgens and anabolic steroids
9456:17α-Alkylated testosterone derivatives:
7275:17α-Alkylated testosterone derivatives:
4919:
4418:
4339:
3593:
3174:Finkel R, Cubeddu LX, Clark MA (2009).
2866:
2817:
2709:Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs
2247:Ketoconazole was discovered in 1976 at
1989:) isomer was more potent in inhibiting
1507:
778:
609:
200:
16830:
16581:Pregnanedione (5β-dihydroprogesterone)
15967:Pregnanedione (5β-dihydroprogesterone)
11789:Fluocortin butyl (fluocortin butylate)
9474:Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone (CDMT)
9230:Testifenon (testiphenon, testiphenone)
7288:Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone (CDMT)
4868:Morton IK, Hall JM (6 December 2012).
4214:
3292:from the original on 12 December 2015.
3240:
3160:
3110:
2970:Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)
2936:"Ketoconazole - Drug Usage Statistics"
2884:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 503.
2697:
2289:
1752:
1310:cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme
1164:
796:
397:
369:
16958:Lanosterol 14α-demethylase inhibitors
15782:
14701:Tooltip Voltage-gated sodium channels
12698:
12679:Mineralocorticoid receptor modulators
12096:Fluclorolone acetonide (flucloronide)
12017:Amcinafal (triamcinolone pentanonide)
11417:Isoflupredone (9α-fluoroprednisolone)
11084:
9755:Norvinisterone (vinylnortestosterone)
9289:Bolmantalate (nandrolone adamantoate)
9284:Bolandione (19-nor-4-androstenedione)
8999:DHEA enanthate (prasterone enanthate)
8799:
8784:
8578:Fluclorolone acetonide (flucloronide)
8072:
7428:Norvinisterone (vinylnortestosterone)
7107:Prasterone enanthate (DHEA enanthate)
6988:
6389:Selenium disulfide (selenium sulfide)
6258:
5818:
5046:
4846:from the original on 22 February 2024
4816:from the original on 22 February 2024
4765:
4548:Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
4074:The Journal of Clinical Investigation
4049:from the original on 11 February 2020
3680:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3532:The Journal of Clinical Investigation
2788:
2776:from the original on 28 December 2010
2669:"Assessment report: Ketoconazole HRA"
1399:therapy in men with prostate cancer.
1122:
1000:. Applied to the skin it is used for
996:medication used to treat a number of
744:
723:
716:
696:
382:
218:
186:
14636:12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
11025:Tooltip Sex hormone-binding globulin
9772:17α-Ethynyltestosterone derivatives:
9051:Polytestosterone phloretin phosphate
8785:
7552:Tooltip human chorionic gonadotropin
7435:17α-Ethynyltestosterone derivatives:
5035:from the original on 5 October 2013.
4955:from the original on 23 January 2020
4786:from the original on 10 January 2023
4744:from the original on 10 January 2023
4669:from the original on 10 January 2023
4620:from the original on 10 January 2023
4599:
4163:International Journal of Dermatology
4160:
3268:McElwee KJ, Shapiro JS (June 2012).
2916:from the original on 15 January 2024
2854:from the original on 2 December 2013
2663:
2661:
2659:
1785:adding citations to reliable sources
1756:
1402:
750:
342:
332:
322:
312:
13730:3,4-Diaminopyridine (amifampridine)
9695:Methylhydroxynandrolone (MOHN, MHN)
9400:Trenbolone hexahydrobenzylcarbonate
9060:5α-Dihydrotestosterone derivatives:
8928:Androstenedione (4-androstenedione)
8058:List of androgens/anabolic steroids
7038:Tooltip anabolic–androgenic steroid
4933:(EMA). 26 July 2013. Archived from
4806:"Ketoconazole-containing medicines"
4008:
3388:from the original on 29 August 2021
3195:. In Goldman L, Ausiello D (eds.).
2685:from the original on 27 August 2016
2147:
2135:
2055:hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis
2004:M, respectively) and in inhibiting
1747:
1492:
1435:
1193:(although it is not active against
676:
553:
13:
16923:General cytochrome P450 inhibitors
9752:17α-Vinyltestosterone derivatives:
9514:Methandriol (methylandrostenediol)
8760:Glucocorticoid receptor modulators
7987:Androvax (androstenedione albumin)
7425:17α-Vinyltestosterone derivatives:
7308:Methandriol (methylandrostenediol)
4175:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1996.tb02970.x
3772:from the original on 10 April 2020
3669:
3421:10.1111/j.1346-8138.2002.tb00314.x
3144:Comprehensive Dermatologic Therapy
3094:Comprehensive Dermatologic Therapy
3062:China Food and Drug Administration
2614:from the original on 3 August 2020
2581:from the original on 5 August 2020
2532:from the original on 3 August 2020
2502:from the original on 2 August 2020
2319:Tooltip United States Adopted Name
1452:, tongue discoloration may occur.
14:
16989:
15736:Tooltip Ligand gated ion channels
15310:Tooltip Epithelial sodium channel
12331:Fluoromedroxyprogesterone acetate
9792:Ethisterone (ethynyltestosterone)
9509:Metandienone (methandrostenolone)
9339:Methoxydienone (methoxygonadiene)
8950:Boldione (1,4-androstadienedione)
8901:Androstenediol (5-androstenediol)
8866:4-Dehydroepiandrosterone (4-DHEA)
8053:Progestogens and antiprogestogens
7452:ethisterone (ethynyltestosterone)
7112:Prasterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate)
6399:Zinc pyrithione (pyrithione zinc)
4907:from the original on 23 July 2018
3696:from the original on 7 April 2019
2848:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
2656:
2396:
1259:has been used off label to treat
1229:
250:
16858:Antifungals for dermatologic use
16815:
15374:Tooltip Acid-sensing ion channel
11942:Prednylidene diethylaminoacetate
11925:Paramethasone disodium phosphate
11694:Desoximetasone (desoxymethasone)
11549:Butixocort (tixocortol butyrate)
11168:11-Dehydrocorticosterone acetate
11065:Progesterone receptor modulators
9556:Methyltestosterone 3-hexyl ether
9519:Methandriol bisenanthoyl acetate
9479:Chloromethylandrostenediol (CMA)
9314:Dimethandrolone dodecylcarbonate
9073:1-Androsterone (1-andro, 1-DHEA)
7333:Methyltestosterone 3-hexyl ether
7313:Methandriol bisenanthoyl acetate
7171:Dihydrotestosterone derivatives:
3859:10.1097/00002030-199715000-00008
3810:10.1111/j.1741-4520.2005.00053.x
3504:from the original on 13 May 2018
3364:10.1046/j.1467-2494.2002.00145.x
3068:from the original on 2 July 2015
2976:from the original on 2 July 2015
2946:from the original on 8 July 2020
2294:
1761:
1312:, which converts cholesterol to
1292:necessary for the conversion of
842:
836:
830:
91:
59:
29:
16978:Pregnane X receptor antagonists
12396:Segesterone acetate (nestorone)
12009:Cyclic ketals (16,17-cyclized):
11886:Meprednisone (methylprednisone)
11808:Fluprednidene (fluprednylidene)
11357:Fludrocortisone (fludrocortone)
11158:9α-Fluorocortisone (alfluorone)
11128:Tooltip Glucocorticoid receptor
9237:19-Nortestosterone derivatives:
8550:Cyclic ketals (16,17-cyclized):
7226:19-Nortestosterone derivatives:
6359:Ciclopirox olamine (ciclopirox)
5548:thymidylate synthase inhibitors
4828:
4798:
4535:
4494:
4462:Chemotherapy of Fungal Diseases
3882:
3833:
3182:
3135:
3050:
2958:
2928:
2898:
2878:Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006).
2350:
1772:needs additional citations for
1742:
1552:
1521:Ketoconazole is categorized as
1430:
1382:male-limited precocious puberty
1117:
941:Key:XMAYWYJOQHXEEK-OZXSUGGESA-N
16133:Allopregnanolone (brexanolone)
13192:Ziconotide (ω-conotoxin MVIIA)
12266:15β-Hydroxycyproterone acetate
12187:Triamcinolone acetonide esters
11595:Beclometasone (beclomethasone)
11192:Cortifen (cortiphen, kortifen)
11148:3α,5α-Tetrahydrocorticosterone
10252:15β-Hydroxycyproterone acetate
10143:OPK-88004 (LY-2452473, TT-701)
8618:Triamcinolone acetonide esters
7992:Ovandrotone albumin (Fecundin)
7464:norethisterone (norethindrone)
4691:Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
4265:. Springer. pp. 147–182.
4015:Hormone and Metabolic Research
2514:
2484:
2435:
2428:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
2415:
2342:
2337:Tooltip Japanese Accepted Name
1938:, has been found to act as an
1407:Oral ketoconazole has various
1364:synthesis in the treatment of
848:
824:
1:
16943:Hormonal antineoplastic drugs
16788:Receptor/signaling modulators
16746:Tropanyl 3,5-dimethulbenzoate
16596:Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile
15765:Receptor/signaling modulators
13167:Leconotide (ω-conotoxin CVID)
12669:Receptor/signaling modulators
12586:Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile
12408:Nonsteroidal glucocorticoids:
11573:16α-Methyl-11-oxoprednisolone
11050:Receptor/signaling modulators
9807:17α-Ethynyl-3β-androstanediol
9802:17α-Ethynyl-3α-androstanediol
9245:11β-Methyl-19-nortestosterone
8603:Formocortal (fluoroformylone)
4394:10.1016/S0015-0282(16)56691-6
3717:Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
3192:"Introduction to the Mycoses"
2881:Analogue-based Drug Discovery
2844:FDA Drug Safety Communication
2636:Millikan LE (19 April 2016).
2408:
2328:Tooltip British Approved Name
2160:or other causes of decreased
1139:(yeast infection or thrush),
11699:Dexamethasone (dexametasone)
11607:Betamethasone (betametasone)
11060:Estrogen receptor modulators
10507:Trimethyltrienolone (R-2956)
9879:Lynestrenol phenylpropionate
9267:19-Nordehydroepiandrosterone
8320:Methylprednisolone aceponate
8043:Androgen receptor modulators
7955:hydroxyprogesterone caproate
7418:Propetandrol (propethandrol)
7348:Tiomesterone (thiomesterone)
4470:10.1007/978-3-642-75458-6_10
4309:10.1007/978-3-319-69535-8_10
4271:10.1007/978-1-4419-1436-1_11
3980:10.1016/0960-0760(95)00230-8
3945:10.1016/0090-4295(89)90037-X
3729:10.1517/14740338.2012.712109
2275:Due to incidence of serious
2175:
2119:sex hormone-binding globulin
2077:levels, and does not affect
2042:follicle-stimulating hormone
1618:HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
1516:
1482:Food and Drug Administration
1455:
1234:
1069:adrenocortical insufficiency
980:, sold under the brand name
16:Antifungal chemical compound
7:
16323:Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid
16082:Tooltip Pregnane X receptor
15810:Xenobiotic-sensing receptor
12642:Antisense oligonucleotides:
12351:Medroxyprogesterone acetate
12062:Desonide disodium phosphate
11862:Locicortolone (locicortone)
11055:Androgens and antiandrogens
10826:Ralaniten acetate (EPI-506)
10242:7α-Thiomethylspironolactone
9957:Medroxyprogesterone acetate
9319:Dimethandrolone undecanoate
9130:Dihydromethylandrostenediol
8921:Androstenediol dipropionate
8048:Estrogens and antiestrogens
7984:Androstenedione immunogens:
7963:medroxyprogesterone acetate
7543:Tooltip luteinizing hormone
7488:Medroxyprogesterone acetate
7242:nandrolone phenylpropionate
7147:testosterone ester mixtures
7067:Androstenediol dipropionate
5023:KuKanich B (January 2008).
4606:. Springer. pp. 720–.
4600:Elks J (14 November 2014).
3500:. Nature Publishing Group.
2642:. CRC Press. pp. 82–.
2639:Drug Therapy in Dermatology
2373:
1872:for fungal cell membranes.
1683:gastric acid suppressants:
1532:
1395:flare at the initiation of
1384:. In any case, the risk of
1376:and, in combination with a
1360:and for the suppression of
1269:
53:)-(−)-ketoconazole (bottom)
10:
16994:
16963:Nonsteroidal antiandrogens
16843:11β-Hydroxylase inhibitors
14728:Antiarrhythmics (class I):
12591:Relacorilant (CORT-125134)
12561:Miricorilant (CORT-118335)
11762:Flumetasone (flumethasone)
11677:Cormetasone (cormethasone)
11583:Alclometasone dipropionate
9145:Dihydrotestosterone esters
9098:11-Ketodihydrotestosterone
8911:Androstenediol 17β-acetate
8891:11β-Hydroxyandrostenedione
8876:4,17α-Dimethyltestosterone
7913:ethinylestradiol sulfonate
4842:(EMA). 26 September 2014.
3908:10.1099/00221287-143-2-405
3464:10.1007/s40257-019-00493-z
3409:The Journal of Dermatology
3197:Cecil Textbook of Medicine
2242:
2036:levels, whereas levels of
2012:values of 0.152 and 0.608
1823:, a constituent of fungal
1273:
1087:, thereby slowing growth.
814:Chemical and physical data
453:(predominantly oxidation,
16968:Phenylethanolamine ethers
16848:21-Hydroxylase inhibitors
16838:7α-Hydroxylase inhibitors
16779:
16075:
15819:
15758:
15729:
15704:
15697:
15631:
15624:
15577:
15549:
15535:
15513:
15450:
15436:
15427:
15381:
15367:
15345:
15317:
15303:
15246:
15238:Tricyclic antidepressants
14708:
14694:
14685:
14659:
14626:
14612:
14556:
14524:
14507:
14388:
14247:Glibenclamide (glyburide)
14208:
14194:
14157:
13720:
13706:
13697:
13665:
12755:
12732:
12661:
12634:
12521:Exicorilant (CORT-125281)
12461:
12424:
11752:Doxibetasol (doxybetasol)
11449:Methylprednisolone esters
11434:Mazipredone (depersolone)
11214:Δ-Prednisolone 21-acetate
11135:
11121:
11042:
10932:
10923:
10221:
10010:
9949:Progesterone derivatives:
9740:5α-Dihydronorethandrolone
9309:Dimethandrolone buciclate
9139:androstanolone, stanolone
9135:Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
9093:7β-Hydroxyepiandrosterone
8982:Cloxotestosterone acetate
8906:Androstenediol 3β-acetate
8858:Testosterone derivatives:
8850:
8843:Tooltip Androgen receptor
8836:
8793:
8721:
8668:
8632:
8313:Methylprednisolone esters
8214:
8128:
8119:
8004:
7976:
7838:
7775:
7737:
7726:
7581:Tooltip Androgen receptor
7574:
7565:
7496:
7485:Progesterone derivatives:
7097:Cloxotestosterone acetate
7064:Testosterone derivatives:
7053:Tooltip Androgen receptor
7046:
7026:
6791:
6725:
6692:Potassium channel openers
6618:
6566:
6543:
6515:
6298:
6194:
6169:
6141:
6123:
6035:
6026:
6008:
5980:
5936:
5917:
5864:
5775:
5616:bromochlorosalicylanilide
5608:
5586:Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
5584:
5565:
5541:
5534:
5479:
5458:
5435:
5409:
5398:
5357:
5334:
5244:
5125:
5109:
5098:
5089:
4992:10.1007/s11102-016-0742-1
4931:European Medicines Agency
4840:European Medicines Agency
4810:European Medicines Agency
4438:10.3109/02841869009090018
2721:10.1517/13543780903381411
2676:European Medicines Agency
2608:European Medicines Agency
2448:Dictionary.com Unabridged
2360:European Medicines Agency
2067:polycystic ovary syndrome
1991:progesterone 17α,20-lyase
1934:Ketoconazole, along with
1927:(DHT) for binding to the
1276:Steroidogenesis inhibitor
949:
924:
904:
892:
870:
857:
818:
813:
794:
762:
734:
707:
687:
667:
647:
620:
600:
580:
548:
528:
508:
503:
487:
474:
461:
443:
433:
420:
412:
359:
354:
299:
264:
238:
208:
194:
176:
168:
158:
86:
81:
58:
28:
16706:Testosterone isocaproate
16621:Reverse triiodothyronine
11990:Ulobetasol (halobetasol)
11231:Chloroprednisone acetate
11153:5α-Dihydrocorticosterone
10755:-Butylbenzenesulfonamide
9942:5α-Dihydronorethisterone
9937:5α-Dihydrolevonorgestrel
9899:norethisterone enanthate
9868:levonorgestrel butanoate
9745:5α-Dihydronormethandrone
9598:Mebolazine (dimethazine)
9588:Desoxymethyltestosterone
9529:Methandriol dipropionate
9326:LS-1727 (nandrolone 17β-
9262:19-Nor-5-androstenedione
9120:Dihydroethyltestosterone
8916:Androstenediol diacetate
8543:Ulobetasol (halobetasol)
8184:Hydrocortisone aceponate
7368:Mebolazine (dimethazine)
7318:Methandriol dipropionate
7143:testosterone undecanoate
4520:10.1177/2472555217748932
3028:10.1177/1203475415574970
2000:values of 0.05 and 2.38
1852:pathway that leads from
1670:And is not recommended:
1475:
1348:enzymes. Based on these
1083:required for the fungal
43:)-(+)-ketoconazole (top)
16098:17α-Hydroxyprogesterone
16093:17α-Hydroxypregnenolone
14851:Eslicarbazepine acetate
12684:List of corticosteroids
12546:Metapristone (RU-42633)
12271:17α-Hydroxyprogesterone
12177:Triamcinolone acetonide
11983:Triamcinolone diacetate
11930:Paramethasone phosphate
11733:Diflucortolone valerate
11728:Diflucortolone pivalate
11374:Fluorometholone acetate
11362:Fludrocortisone acetate
11260:Corticosterone benzoate
11112:Glucocorticoid receptor
10886:Topilutamide (fluridil)
10247:11α-Hydroxyprogesterone
9257:19-Nor-5-androstenediol
9157:Drostanolone propionate
8770:List of corticosteroids
8613:Triamcinolone acetonide
8447:Diflucortolone valerate
8262:Fluorometholone acetate
7718:Topilutamide (fluridil)
7139:testosterone propionate
6889:Glycopyrronium tosylate
6804:Aminobenzoate potassium
6736:5α-Reductase inhibitors
6684:Topilutamide (fluridil)
6629:5α-Reductase inhibitors
6604:Topical corticosteroids
6501:Topical corticosteroids
6238:Lactobacillus fermentum
4381:Fertility and Sterility
3974:(1–6 Spec No): 133–43.
2604:"Ketoconazole HRA EPAR"
2378:As of March 2019, oral
2249:Janssen Pharmaceuticals
2168:. Ketoconazole is very
2034:17α-hydroxyprogesterone
1977:)-(+) enantiomers. The
1944:glucocorticoid receptor
1466:adrenocortical hormones
14595:Rottlerin (mallotoxin)
12726:Ion channel modulators
12576:ORG-34517 (SCH-900636)
12476:17α-Methylprogesterone
12123:Fluocinolone acetonide
11879:Meclorisone dibutyrate
11828:Fluticasone propionate
11670:Cloticasone propionate
11398:Fluprednisolone esters
11328:Dichlorisone diacetate
11255:Corticosterone acetate
10771:-Desmethylenzalutamide
10477:SC-5233 (spirolactone)
9895:norethisterone acetate
9534:Methandriol propionate
9405:Trenbolone undecanoate
9277:Bolandiol dipropionate
9125:Dihydrofluoxymesterone
9088:5α-Androst-2-en-17-one
8943:Boldenone undecylenate
8593:Fluocinolone acetonide
8494:Fluticasone propionate
8286:Fluprednisolone esters
8204:Pregnenolone succinate
7323:Methandriol propionate
7229:Bolandiol dipropionate
7135:testosterone enanthate
7131:testosterone cypionate
7072:Boldenone undecylenate
6884:Glycopyrronium bromide
6727:Hair growth inhibitors
6414:Calcineurin inhibitors
5947:Diiodohydroxyquinoline
5400:Squalene monooxygenase
5237:Systemic: ketoconazole
4132:10.1124/mol.105.022046
4120:Molecular Pharmacology
4027:10.1055/s-2007-1003337
3614:10.1210/jcem-63-6-1365
2610:(EMA). 23 April 2012.
1701:proton pump inhibitors
1427:to oral ketoconazole.
1249:5α-reductase inhibitor
1244:
1205:paracoccidioidomycosis
1002:fungal skin infections
974:
470:-deacetyl ketoconazole
16953:Janssen Pharmaceutica
16948:Imidazole antifungals
16928:Hair loss medications
16908:Disulfiram-like drugs
15837:6,7-Dimethylesculetin
12952:Ryodipine (riodipine)
12556:Mifepristone (RU-486)
12281:Chlormadinone acetate
12276:Bromoketoprogesterone
12234:Nicocortonide acetate
12165:Rofleponide palmitate
12084:Drocinonide phosphate
12052:Descinolone acetonide
12047:Deflazacort (azacort)
11995:Ulobetasol propionate
11959:Ticabesone propionate
11920:Paramethasone acetate
11813:Fluprednidene acetate
11716:Diflorasone diacetate
11634:Clobetasol propionate
11554:Butixocort propionate
11422:Isoflupredone acetate
11340:Endrisone (endrysone)
11287:Hydrocortisone esters
10763:-Desmethylapalutamide
10292:Chlormadinone acetate
10237:7α-Thiospironolactone
10108:LGD-2941 (LGD-122941)
10098:LG121071 (LGD-121071)
9972:3-Keto-5α-abiraterone
9952:6α-Methylprogesterone
9891:Norethisterone esters
9864:Levonorgestrel esters
9780:Ethinylandrostenediol
9630:Methyl-1-testosterone
9550:+esterified estrogens
9524:Methandriol diacetate
9189:Mesterolone cipionate
8871:4-Hydroxytestosterone
8481:Fluprednidene acetate
8391:Clobetasol propionate
8177:Hydrocortisone esters
7947:chlormadinone acetate
7608:Chlormadinone acetate
7179:Androstanolone esters
6473:urea-containing cream
5428:Systemic: terbinafine
4812:(EMA). 25 July 2013.
4560:10.1128/AAC.39.8.1671
4009:Eil C (August 1992).
2906:"The Top 300 of 2021"
2571:"Ketoconazole tablet"
2498:. 18 September 2017.
2389:for the treatment of
1993:than its enantiomer (
1887:Antihormonal activity
1827:, as well as certain
1486:adrenal insufficiency
1480:In July 2013, the US
1462:adrenal insufficiency
1421:adrenal insufficiency
1370:adrenal insufficiency
1242:
1153:seborrheic dermatitis
1061:liver transplantation
1022:seborrheic dermatitis
1014:pityriasis versicolor
1010:cutaneous candidiasis
972:
16918:Endocrine disruptors
16868:Aromatase inhibitors
16424:Hypericum perforatum
16413:Hetacillin potassium
14941:Valproate semisodium
13472:Carboxyamidotriazole
13407:Gabapentin enacarbil
13387:Arbaclofen placarbil
12401:Tetrahydrogestrinone
12241:Nivacortol (nivazol)
11891:Meprednisone acetate
11801:Fluocortolone esters
11772:Flumetasone pivalate
11704:Dexamethasone esters
11646:Clobetasone butyrate
11612:Betamethasone esters
11600:Beclometasone esters
11522:Pregnenolone acetate
11461:Prebediolone acetate
11323:Dichlorisone acetate
11311:Deprodone propionate
11180:Desoxycortone esters
10452:Potassium canrenoate
9920:Quingestanol acetate
9730:Tetrahydrogestrinone
9618:Metenolone enanthate
9444:5α-Dihydrotrestolone
9439:5α-Dihydronandrolone
9427:Trestolone enanthate
9395:Trenbolone enanthate
9361:Norclostebol acetate
8970:Clostebol propionate
8474:Fluocortolone esters
8430:Dexamethasone esters
8379:Betamethasone esters
8367:Beclometasone esters
8199:Pregnenolone acetate
8189:Prebediolone acetate
8160:Desoxycortone esters
7959:gestonorone caproate
7767:Saw palmetto extract
7658:Potassium canrenoate
7253:Norclostebol acetate
7238:nandrolone decanoate
7092:Clostebol propionate
6949:Pregnenolone acetate
6650:Saw palmetto extract
5716:Whitfield's ointment
5543:Pyrimidine analogues
5359:Polyene antimycotics
4354:10.1210/edrv-7-4-409
3797:Congenital Anomalies
3635:Thompson IM (2001).
3189:Kauffman CA (2004).
2303:of the drug and its
2299:Ketoconazole is the
1881:Multidrug-resistance
1781:improve this article
1523:pregnancy category C
1508:Topical formulations
1464:so the level of the
984:among others, is an
66:Ball-and-stick model
16863:Antiglucocorticoids
16253:Cyproterone acetate
16153:Amlodipine besylate
15592:1,10-Phenanthroline
14149:Spooky toxin (SsTx)
13134:Tetrahydropalmatine
12511:Cyproterone acetate
12301:Delmadinone acetate
12291:Cyproterone acetate
12116:Flunisolide acetate
11823:Fluticasone furoate
11767:Flumetasone acetate
11682:Cormetasone acetate
11658:Clocortolone esters
11561:Tixocortol pivalate
11498:Prednisolone esters
11386:Fluperolone acetate
11197:Cortodoxone acetate
10975:Dihydrotestosterone
10970:Dehydroandrosterone
10821:Ralaniten (EPI-002)
10702:Inocoterone acetate
10427:Nomegestrol acetate
10327:Delmadinone acetate
10317:Cyproterone acetate
10262:Abiraterone acetate
10232:7α-Thioprogesterone
9842:Etynodiol diacetate
9046:Testosterone esters
8989:Dehydroandrosterone
8886:11-Ketotestosterone
8670:Synthesis modifiers
8634:Antiglucocorticoids
8489:Fluticasone furoate
8408:Clocortolone esters
8345:Tixocortol pivalate
8274:Fluperolone acetate
8104:antiglucocorticoids
7951:cyproterone acetate
7859:prolactin releasers
7801:Cyproterone acetate
7783:Abiraterone acetate
7643:Nomegestrol acetate
7618:Delmadinone acetate
7613:Cyproterone acetate
7595:Abiraterone acetate
7127:Testosterone esters
6766:Cyproterone acetate
6669:Cyproterone acetate
6620:Alopecia treatments
6568:Anti-inflammatories
6349:Cetrimonium bromide
6320:Cyproterone acetate
5029:Veterinary Medicine
4937:on 14 January 2014.
4703:10.1021/jm00194a023
4419:Lønning PE (2009).
3274:Skin Therapy Letter
2972:. 10 October 2013.
2290:Society and culture
2237:abiraterone acetate
2117:and estradiol from
2115:dihydrotestosterone
2026:luteinizing hormone
1925:dihydrotestosterone
1753:Antifungal activity
1537:In the event of an
1460:The drug may cause
1261:androgenic alopecia
1243:Ketoconazole 2% gel
1165:Systemic antifungal
1045:applied to the skin
378:(Prescription only)
25:
16898:CYP17A1 inhibitors
16873:Belgian inventions
16726:Thonzonium bromide
16481:Methylprednisolone
16282:prasterone sulfate
15602:7,8-Benzoquinoline
15597:4,7-Phenanthroline
15587:1,7-Phenanthroline
14963:Local anesthetics:
14495:ML-297 (VU0456810)
14002:Diallyl trisulfide
13997:Dextropropoxyphene
13900:Tetraethylammonium
13607:Pinaverium bromide
13377:4-Methylpregabalin
12621:Ulipristal acetate
12491:Asoprisnil ecamate
11971:Timobesone acetate
11908:Mometasone furoate
11444:Methylprednisolone
11243:Cloprednol acetate
9812:Dihydroethisterone
9675:Dimethyltrienolone
9635:Methylepitiostanol
9613:Metenolone acetate
9546:Methyltestosterone
9449:19-Norandrosterone
9422:Trestolone acetate
9390:Trenbolone acetate
9334:-nitrosocarbamate)
9223:Stenbolone acetate
9113:Bolazine capronate
8965:Clostebol caproate
8748:Never to phase III
8660:Ulipristal acetate
8516:Mometasone furoate
8308:Methylprednisolone
8031:Never to phase III
7897:diethylstilbestrol
7524:GnRH (gonadorelin)
7328:Methyltestosterone
7263:Trenbolone acetate
7219:Stenbolone acetate
7184:Bolazine capronate
7087:Clostebol caproate
5802:Never to phase III
5706:tribromometacresol
5676:sodium thiosulfate
5671:selenium disulfide
5567:Mitotic inhibitors
4229:10.1007/BF03346939
3647:(Suppl 3): S10–4.
3641:Reviews in Urology
3452:Am J Clin Dermatol
3241:Becker KL (2001).
2528:. 5 October 2015.
2431:. Merriam-Webster.
2391:Cushing's syndrome
2286:in November 2013.
2284:Cushing's syndrome
2191:compound. It is a
2180:Ketoconazole is a
1949:Ketoconazole is a
1547:Activated charcoal
1366:Cushing's syndrome
1354:antiglucocorticoid
1245:
1123:Topical antifungal
1096:generic medication
1034:Cushing's syndrome
994:antiglucocorticoid
975:
76:)-(+)-ketoconazole
21:
16893:CYP3A4 inhibitors
16888:CYP2D6 inhibitors
16803:
16802:
16797:
16796:
16431:Indinavir sulfate
16138:Alpha-Lipoic acid
16113:Δ-Androstenedione
16103:Δ-Androstenedione
15776:
15775:
15754:
15753:
15693:
15692:
15689:
15688:
15651:Meclofenamic acid
15620:
15619:
15531:
15530:
15423:
15422:
15419:
15418:
15363:
15362:
15299:
15298:
15173:RG7893 (GDC-0287)
14936:Valproate pivoxil
14826:Acetylpheneturide
14681:
14680:
14677:
14676:
14608:
14607:
14580:Meclofenamic acid
14543:Ethanol (alcohol)
14503:
14502:
14452:Minoxidil sulfate
14190:
14189:
13693:
13692:
13689:
13688:
13592:Otilonium bromide
13517:Ethanol (alcohol)
13281:ω-Conotoxin MVIIC
13017:Phenylalkylamines
12692:
12691:
12657:
12656:
12371:Osaterone acetate
12356:Megestrol acetate
12067:Desonide pivalate
11510:Prednisone esters
11299:Cortisone acetate
11078:
11077:
11038:
11037:
11008:
11001:
10994:
10987:
10919:
10918:
10442:Osaterone acetate
10402:Megestrol acetate
10267:Allyltestosterone
10043:Acetothiolutamide
9962:Megestrol acetate
9765:Vinyltestosterone
9670:Dimethyldienolone
9489:Ethyltestosterone
9417:Trestolone (MENT)
9349:Nandrolone esters
9330:-(2-chloroethyl)-
9206:Nisterime acetate
9083:3α-Androstanediol
9068:1-Androstenedione
8977:Cloxotestosterone
8960:Clostebol acetate
8881:5-Androstenedione
8827:Androgen receptor
8778:
8777:
8683:Aminoglutethimide
8628:
8627:
8143:Cortisone acetate
8066:
8065:
8000:
7999:
7967:megestrol acetate
7840:Antigonadotropins
7834:
7833:
7791:Aminoglutethimide
7648:Osaterone acetate
7638:Megestrol acetate
7561:
7560:
7234:Nandrolone esters
7082:Clostebol acetate
6982:
6981:
6919:Magnesium sulfate
6899:Hydrogen peroxide
6834:Calcium gluconate
6493:Lithium succinate
6488:Lithium gluconate
6384:Piroctone olamine
6252:
6251:
6190:
6189:
5812:
5811:
5604:
5603:
5530:
5529:
5481:β-glucan synthase
5475:
5474:
5454:
5453:
5353:
5352:
4929:(Press release).
4881:978-94-011-4439-1
4779:978-0-7817-8355-2
4766:Golan DE (2008).
4737:978-0-8155-1856-3
4662:978-3-88763-075-1
4613:978-1-4757-2085-3
4479:978-3-642-75460-9
4342:Endocrine Reviews
4318:978-3-319-69534-1
4280:978-1-4419-1435-4
4086:10.1172/jci110982
3544:10.1172/JCI110903
3317:10.1159/000017954
3254:978-0-7817-1750-2
3210:978-0-7216-9652-2
3153:978-1-4377-2003-7
3103:978-1-4377-2003-7
2649:978-0-203-90831-0
2229:aminoglutethimide
1929:androgen receptor
1918:androgen receptor
1860:. Lower doses of
1813:
1812:
1805:
1647:methylergometrine
1639:dihydroergotamine
1413:drug interactions
1409:contraindications
1403:Contraindications
1336:, which converts
1280:CYP17A1 inhibitor
1158:Malassezia furfur
998:fungal infections
967:
966:
883:Interactive image
764:CompTox Dashboard
401:
386:
373:
254:
221:
16985:
16820:
16819:
16818:
16811:
16716:Thiamylal sodium
16451:γ-linolenic acid
16447:α-Linolenic acid
16445:Linolenic acid:
16436:Lasalocid sodium
16426:(St John's wort)
16318:Docusate calcium
16248:Cyclophosphamide
16123:Allopregnanediol
16108:Δ-Androstenediol
16083:
16079:
16037:Ethinylestradiol
15887:Cyclophosphamide
15827:
15823:
15803:
15796:
15789:
15780:
15779:
15737:
15733:
15712:
15708:
15702:
15701:
15629:
15628:
15547:
15546:
15543:
15539:
15448:
15447:
15444:
15440:
15434:
15433:
15379:
15378:
15375:
15371:
15315:
15314:
15311:
15307:
14926:Sodium valproate
14841:Chlorphenacemide
14823:Anticonvulsants:
14706:
14705:
14702:
14698:
14692:
14691:
14641:Arachidonic acid
14624:
14623:
14620:
14616:
14522:
14521:
14518:
14514:
14491:
14487:
14408:
14404:
14360:Dextromethorphan
14336:
14332:
14228:
14224:
14206:
14205:
14202:
14198:
13718:
13717:
13714:
13710:
13704:
13703:
13676:L-type-selective
13487:Dimeditiapramine
13449:Others/unsorted:
13231:T-type-selective
13218:R-type-selective
13200:P-type-selective
13152:ω-Conotoxin GVIA
13142:N-type-selective
12772:Dihydropyridines
12766:L-type-selective
12753:
12752:
12749:
12745:
12739:
12738:
12719:
12712:
12705:
12696:
12695:
12435:
12431:
11745:Dimesone acetate
11226:Chloroprednisone
11204:21-Deoxycortisol
11133:
11132:
11129:
11125:
11105:
11098:
11091:
11082:
11081:
11026:
11022:
11006:
10999:
10992:
10985:
10930:
10929:
10712:Ketodarolutamide
10692:Hydroxyflutamide
10649:(via metabolite
10018:
10014:
9969:Others/unsorted:
9640:Methylstenbolone
9504:Hydroxystenozole
9063:1-Androstenediol
8861:4-Androstenediol
8848:
8847:
8844:
8840:
8820:
8813:
8806:
8797:
8796:
8787:Pharmacodynamics
8782:
8781:
8227:Chloroprednisone
8126:
8125:
8093:
8086:
8079:
8070:
8069:
7933:GnRH antagonists
7909:ethinylestradiol
7905:estradiol esters
7735:
7734:
7582:
7578:
7572:
7571:
7553:
7549:
7544:
7540:
7498:Progonadotropins
7163:Testoviron Depot
7054:
7050:
7044:
7043:
7039:
7035:
7009:
7002:
6995:
6986:
6985:
6859:Deoxycholic acid
6849:Cromoglicic acid
6300:Anti-seborrheics
6279:
6272:
6265:
6256:
6255:
6182:Methylrosaniline
6033:
6032:
5839:
5832:
5825:
5816:
5815:
5711:undecylenic acid
5661:potassium iodide
5539:
5538:
5407:
5406:
5123:
5122:
5107:
5106:
5096:
5095:
5067:
5060:
5053:
5044:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5020:
5014:
5013:
5003:
4971:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4923:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4912:
4897:
4886:
4885:
4865:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4851:
4832:
4826:
4825:
4823:
4821:
4802:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4791:
4763:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4721:
4715:
4714:
4685:
4679:
4678:
4676:
4674:
4647:
4630:
4629:
4627:
4625:
4597:
4582:
4581:
4571:
4539:
4533:
4532:
4522:
4498:
4492:
4491:
4457:
4451:
4450:
4440:
4416:
4407:
4406:
4396:
4372:
4366:
4365:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4296:
4285:
4284:
4258:
4249:
4248:
4212:
4195:
4194:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4114:
4108:
4107:
4097:
4065:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4054:
4006:
4000:
3999:
3963:
3957:
3956:
3927:
3921:
3920:
3910:
3901:(Pt 2): 405–16.
3886:
3880:
3879:
3861:
3837:
3831:
3830:
3812:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3758:
3749:
3748:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3682:
3667:
3666:
3656:
3632:
3626:
3625:
3597:
3591:
3590:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3555:
3523:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3447:
3441:
3440:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3393:
3375:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3265:
3259:
3258:
3238:
3215:
3214:
3194:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3171:
3158:
3157:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3089:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3064:. 25 June 2015.
3054:
3048:
3047:
3009:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2875:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2859:
2850:. 26 July 2013.
2836:
2815:
2814:
2797:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2762:
2741:
2740:
2704:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2684:
2673:
2665:
2654:
2653:
2633:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2600:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2577:. 26 June 2018.
2567:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2467:nctr-crs.fda.gov
2459:
2453:
2452:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2419:
2380:levoketoconazole
2338:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2320:
2316:
2311:
2307:
2201:levoketoconazole
2148:Pharmacokinetics
2136:Other activities
2053:to suppress the
1877:Candida albicans
1833:azole antifungal
1808:
1801:
1797:
1794:
1788:
1765:
1757:
1748:Pharmacodynamics
1493:Hypersensitivity
1436:Gastrointestinal
1425:hypersensitivity
1338:11-deoxycortisol
1324:, which convert
1298:steroid hormones
1215:agents, such as
1213:azole antifungal
1145:tinea versicolor
1109:
1100:over the counter
963:
962:
955:
885:
865:
850:
844:
838:
832:
826:
809:
798:
787:
786:
772:
770:
754:
748:
727:
720:
700:
680:
660:
640:
633:
613:
593:
573:
566:
556:
555:
541:
479:
399:
396:
391:
384:
381:
371:
368:
346:
336:
326:
316:
252:
249:
231:
220:
217:
204:
190:
172:R-41400; KW-1414
153:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
137:
136:
133:
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
115:
112:
109:
106:
103:
100:
97:
63:
33:
26:
24:
20:
16993:
16992:
16988:
16987:
16986:
16984:
16983:
16982:
16828:
16827:
16826:
16816:
16814:
16806:
16804:
16799:
16798:
16793:
16775:
16676:Suberoylanilide
16393:Fluorometholone
16288:Dibunate sodium
16168:Aurothioglucose
16081:
16071:
16007:3,17β-Estradiol
15825:
15815:
15807:
15777:
15772:
15750:
15735:
15725:
15710:
15685:
15681:Trifluoperazine
15676:Tolfenamic acid
15646:Flufenamic acid
15616:
15573:
15541:
15527:
15509:
15475:Flufenamic acid
15470:Ethacrynic acid
15442:
15415:
15373:
15359:
15341:
15309:
15295:
15242:
15073:Metabutoxycaine
15038:Diphenhydramine
15028:Cyclomethycaine
14993:Levobupivacaine
14700:
14673:
14655:
14618:
14604:
14600:Tolfenamic acid
14575:Flufenamic acid
14570:
14552:
14538:
14516:
14513:
14499:
14489:
14406:
14403:
14384:
14334:
14226:
14223:
14200:
14186:
14171:
14153:
14133:
14042:Norpropoxyphene
13919:11.1)-specific:
13918:
13712:
13685:
13661:
13617:Rhynchophylline
13367:
12747:
12728:
12723:
12693:
12688:
12653:
12648:
12630:
12471:7α-Hydroxy-DHEA
12457:
12433:
12426:
12420:
12336:Fluoxymesterone
11393:Fluprednisolone
11369:Fluorometholone
11127:
11117:
11109:
11079:
11074:
11034:
11024:
10915:
10637:Cyanonilutamide
10566:Bavdegalutamide
10377:Epitestosterone
10217:
10048:Acetoxolutamide
10016:
10006:
9715:Norethandrolone
9690:Methyldienolone
9494:Fluoxymesterone
9304:Dimethandrolone
9164:Epiandrosterone
8842:
8832:
8824:
8789:
8779:
8774:
8753:
8738:Clinical trials
8717:
8664:
8624:
8281:Fluprednisolone
8257:Fluorometholone
8242:Fludrocortisone
8210:
8121:Glucocorticoids
8115:
8100:Glucocorticoids
8097:
8067:
8062:
8036:
8021:Clinical trials
7996:
7972:
7851:
7830:
7771:
7729:
7728:Steroidogenesis
7722:
7580:
7557:
7551:
7542:
7492:
7408:Norethandrolone
7293:Fluoxymesterone
7052:
7037:
7030:
7022:
7013:
6983:
6978:
6944:Povidone-iodine
6894:Hyaluronic acid
6819:Benzoylperoxide
6787:
6721:
6614:
6562:
6539:
6517:Skin lightening
6511:
6294:
6283:
6253:
6248:
6227:Povidone-iodine
6186:
6165:
6137:
6119:
6022:
6004:
5976:
5932:
5913:
5889:Oxytetracycline
5879:Chloramphenicol
5860:
5849:anti-infectives
5843:
5813:
5808:
5807:
5792:Clinical trials
5771:
5600:
5580:
5561:
5546:
5526:
5483:
5471:
5450:
5431:
5427:
5402:
5394:
5386:
5361:
5349:
5330:
5283:fosravuconazole
5240:
5116:
5115:lanosterol 14α-
5102:
5091:
5085:
5071:
5041:
5040:
5021:
5017:
4972:
4968:
4958:
4956:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4925:
4924:
4920:
4910:
4908:
4899:
4898:
4889:
4882:
4866:
4859:
4849:
4847:
4834:
4833:
4829:
4819:
4817:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4789:
4787:
4780:
4764:
4757:
4747:
4745:
4738:
4722:
4718:
4686:
4682:
4672:
4670:
4663:
4649:
4648:
4633:
4623:
4621:
4614:
4598:
4585:
4540:
4536:
4499:
4495:
4480:
4458:
4454:
4425:Acta Oncologica
4417:
4410:
4373:
4369:
4338:
4334:
4319:
4297:
4288:
4281:
4259:
4252:
4213:
4198:
4159:
4155:
4115:
4111:
4066:
4062:
4052:
4050:
4007:
4003:
3964:
3960:
3928:
3924:
3887:
3883:
3852:(15): 1839–44.
3838:
3834:
3789:
3785:
3775:
3773:
3760:
3759:
3752:
3713:
3709:
3699:
3697:
3684:
3683:
3670:
3633:
3629:
3598:
3594:
3587:
3573:
3569:
3524:
3517:
3507:
3505:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3448:
3444:
3405:
3401:
3391:
3389:
3344:
3340:
3301:
3297:
3266:
3262:
3255:
3239:
3218:
3211:
3187:
3183:
3172:
3161:
3154:
3140:
3136:
3129:
3115:
3111:
3104:
3090:
3081:
3071:
3069:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3010:
2989:
2979:
2977:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2949:
2947:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2919:
2917:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2892:
2876:
2867:
2857:
2855:
2838:
2837:
2818:
2811:
2799:
2798:
2789:
2779:
2777:
2764:
2763:
2744:
2705:
2698:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2657:
2650:
2634:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2602:
2601:
2594:
2584:
2582:
2569:
2568:
2545:
2535:
2533:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2505:
2503:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2475:
2473:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2411:
2399:
2387:clinical trials
2376:
2353:
2345:
2336:
2327:
2318:
2309:
2297:
2292:
2245:
2193:racemic mixture
2178:
2150:
2138:
2092:corticosteroids
2038:androstenedione
2011:
2006:11β-hydroxylase
1998:
1951:racemic mixture
1902:17α-hydroxylase
1889:
1843:14α-demethylase
1840:cytochrome P450
1809:
1798:
1792:
1789:
1778:
1766:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1696:
1689:antimuscarinics
1631:ergot alkaloids
1555:
1535:
1519:
1510:
1495:
1478:
1458:
1438:
1433:
1405:
1358:prostate cancer
1346:cytochrome p450
1334:11β-hydroxylase
1318:17α-hydroxylase
1282:
1272:
1237:
1232:
1167:
1125:
1120:
1107:
1065:QT prolongation
958:
956:
953:(what is this?)
950:
945:
942:
937:
932:
931:
920:
917:
912:
911:
899:Racemic mixture
888:
863:
853:
847:
841:
835:
829:
790:
766:
758:
730:
703:
683:
663:
643:
616:
596:
576:
552:
544:
524:
521:
516:
515:
477:
435:Protein binding
422:Bioavailability
414:Pharmacokinetic
408:
389:
350:
267:
260:
241:
234:
164:Nizoral, others
139:
94:
90:
77:
54:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
16991:
16981:
16980:
16975:
16970:
16965:
16960:
16955:
16950:
16945:
16940:
16935:
16930:
16925:
16920:
16915:
16910:
16905:
16900:
16895:
16890:
16885:
16880:
16875:
16870:
16865:
16860:
16855:
16850:
16845:
16840:
16825:
16824:
16801:
16800:
16795:
16794:
16792:
16791:
16784:
16780:
16777:
16776:
16774:
16773:
16768:
16759:
16758:
16753:
16748:
16743:
16741:Troleandomycin
16738:
16733:
16728:
16723:
16718:
16713:
16708:
16703:
16698:
16693:
16688:
16683:
16678:
16673:
16668:
16663:
16661:Spironolactone
16658:
16653:
16648:
16643:
16638:
16633:
16628:
16623:
16618:
16613:
16608:
16603:
16598:
16593:
16588:
16583:
16578:
16573:
16568:
16563:
16558:
16553:
16548:
16543:
16538:
16533:
16531:Norelgestromin
16528:
16523:
16518:
16513:
16508:
16503:
16498:
16493:
16488:
16483:
16478:
16473:
16468:
16463:
16458:
16453:
16443:
16438:
16433:
16428:
16420:
16415:
16410:
16405:
16400:
16395:
16390:
16388:Flucloxacillin
16385:
16380:
16375:
16370:
16365:
16360:
16355:
16350:
16345:
16340:
16335:
16330:
16325:
16320:
16315:
16310:
16305:
16300:
16295:
16290:
16285:
16275:
16265:
16260:
16255:
16250:
16245:
16243:Corticosterone
16240:
16235:
16230:
16225:
16220:
16215:
16210:
16208:Chlorpromazine
16205:
16200:
16195:
16190:
16185:
16180:
16175:
16170:
16165:
16160:
16155:
16150:
16145:
16140:
16135:
16130:
16125:
16120:
16115:
16110:
16105:
16100:
16095:
16086:
16084:
16073:
16072:
16070:
16069:
16064:
16059:
16054:
16049:
16044:
16039:
16034:
16029:
16027:17-Androstanol
16024:
16022:3β-Androstanol
16019:
16017:3α-Androstenol
16014:
16012:3α-Androstanol
16009:
16000:
15999:
15994:
15989:
15984:
15979:
15974:
15969:
15964:
15959:
15954:
15949:
15944:
15939:
15934:
15929:
15924:
15919:
15914:
15909:
15904:
15894:
15889:
15884:
15879:
15874:
15869:
15867:Chlorpromazine
15864:
15859:
15854:
15849:
15844:
15839:
15830:
15828:
15817:
15816:
15806:
15805:
15798:
15791:
15783:
15774:
15773:
15759:
15756:
15755:
15752:
15751:
15749:
15748:
15740:
15738:
15727:
15726:
15724:
15723:
15715:
15713:
15699:
15695:
15694:
15691:
15690:
15687:
15686:
15684:
15683:
15678:
15673:
15668:
15663:
15658:
15656:Mefenamic acid
15653:
15648:
15643:
15637:
15635:
15626:
15622:
15621:
15618:
15617:
15615:
15614:
15612:Phenanthridine
15609:
15604:
15599:
15594:
15589:
15583:
15581:
15575:
15574:
15572:
15571:
15566:
15561:
15555:
15553:
15544:
15533:
15532:
15529:
15528:
15526:
15525:
15519:
15517:
15511:
15510:
15508:
15507:
15502:
15497:
15492:
15487:
15482:
15477:
15472:
15467:
15462:
15456:
15454:
15445:
15431:
15425:
15424:
15421:
15420:
15417:
15416:
15414:
15413:
15408:
15403:
15398:
15393:
15387:
15385:
15376:
15365:
15364:
15361:
15360:
15358:
15357:
15351:
15349:
15343:
15342:
15340:
15339:
15334:
15329:
15323:
15321:
15312:
15301:
15300:
15297:
15296:
15294:
15293:
15288:
15283:
15278:
15273:
15260:Atracotoxins (
15258:
15252:
15250:
15244:
15243:
15241:
15240:
15235:
15230:
15220:
15215:
15206:
15205:
15203:Zetekitoxin AB
15200:
15195:
15190:
15185:
15176:
15175:
15170:
15165:
15160:
15155:
15150:
15145:
15140:
15135:
15130:
15121:
15120:
15115:
15110:
15105:
15103:Proxymetacaine
15100:
15095:
15090:
15085:
15080:
15075:
15070:
15065:
15060:
15055:
15050:
15045:
15040:
15035:
15030:
15025:
15020:
15015:
15013:Chloroprocaine
15010:
15005:
15000:
14986:
14981:
14976:
14971:
14959:
14958:
14953:
14948:
14943:
14938:
14933:
14928:
14923:
14918:
14913:
14908:
14903:
14898:
14893:
14888:
14883:
14878:
14873:
14868:
14863:
14858:
14853:
14848:
14843:
14838:
14833:
14828:
14819:
14818:
14813:
14808:
14803:
14798:
14793:
14788:
14783:
14778:
14773:
14768:
14763:
14758:
14753:
14748:
14743:
14738:
14733:
14724:
14723:
14714:
14712:
14703:
14689:
14683:
14682:
14679:
14678:
14675:
14674:
14672:
14671:
14665:
14663:
14657:
14656:
14654:
14653:
14648:
14643:
14638:
14632:
14630:
14621:
14610:
14609:
14606:
14605:
14603:
14602:
14597:
14592:
14587:
14582:
14577:
14568:
14562:
14560:
14554:
14553:
14551:
14550:
14545:
14536:
14530:
14528:
14519:
14511:
14505:
14504:
14501:
14500:
14498:
14497:
14480:
14479:
14474:
14469:
14464:
14459:
14454:
14449:
14444:
14439:
14434:
14429:
14424:
14419:
14414:
14401:
14394:
14392:
14386:
14385:
14383:
14382:
14377:
14372:
14367:
14362:
14357:
14352:
14347:
14342:
14325:
14324:
14319:
14314:
14309:
14304:
14299:
14294:
14289:
14287:Glyclopyramide
14284:
14279:
14274:
14269:
14264:
14259:
14254:
14249:
14244:
14242:Chlorpropamide
14239:
14234:
14221:
14214:
14212:
14203:
14192:
14191:
14188:
14187:
14185:
14184:
14179:
14169:
14163:
14161:
14155:
14154:
14152:
14151:
14146:
14141:
14131:
14125:
14124:
14119:
14114:
14109:
14104:
14099:
14094:
14089:
14084:
14079:
14074:
14069:
14064:
14059:
14054:
14049:
14044:
14039:
14034:
14029:
14024:
14019:
14014:
14009:
14004:
13999:
13994:
13989:
13987:Clarithromycin
13984:
13979:
13977:Chlorpromazine
13974:
13969:
13964:
13959:
13954:
13949:
13944:
13939:
13934:
13929:
13924:
13916:
13908:
13907:
13902:
13897:
13892:
13887:
13882:
13877:
13872:
13867:
13862:
13857:
13852:
13847:
13842:
13837:
13832:
13827:
13822:
13817:
13812:
13807:
13802:
13797:
13792:
13787:
13782:
13777:
13772:
13767:
13762:
13757:
13752:
13747:
13742:
13737:
13732:
13726:
13724:
13715:
13701:
13695:
13694:
13691:
13690:
13687:
13686:
13684:
13683:
13671:
13669:
13663:
13662:
13660:
13659:
13654:
13649:
13644:
13639:
13634:
13629:
13624:
13619:
13614:
13609:
13604:
13599:
13597:Paramethadione
13594:
13589:
13584:
13579:
13574:
13569:
13564:
13559:
13554:
13549:
13544:
13539:
13534:
13529:
13524:
13519:
13514:
13509:
13504:
13499:
13494:
13489:
13484:
13479:
13474:
13469:
13464:
13459:
13454:
13445:
13444:
13439:
13434:
13429:
13424:
13419:
13414:
13409:
13404:
13399:
13394:
13389:
13384:
13379:
13372:gabapentinoids
13365:
13359:
13358:
13353:
13348:
13343:
13338:
13333:
13328:
13323:
13318:
13313:
13308:
13303:
13298:
13293:
13288:
13283:
13278:
13273:Non-selective:
13269:
13268:
13263:
13258:
13253:
13248:
13243:
13238:
13226:
13225:
13213:
13212:
13210:ω-Agatoxin IVB
13207:
13205:ω-Agatoxin IVA
13195:
13194:
13189:
13184:
13179:
13174:
13169:
13164:
13162:Huwentoxin XVI
13159:
13154:
13149:
13137:
13136:
13131:
13126:
13121:
13116:
13114:Cyproheptadine
13111:
13106:
13101:
13096:
13084:
13079:
13074:
13069:
13064:
13059:
13054:
13049:
13044:
13039:
13034:
13029:
13024:
13009:
13004:
12999:
12994:
12979:
12974:
12969:
12964:
12959:
12954:
12949:
12944:
12939:
12934:
12929:
12924:
12919:
12914:
12909:
12904:
12899:
12894:
12889:
12884:
12879:
12874:
12872:Levniguldipine
12869:
12864:
12859:
12854:
12849:
12844:
12839:
12834:
12829:
12824:
12819:
12814:
12812:Dexniguldipine
12809:
12804:
12799:
12794:
12789:
12784:
12779:
12761:
12759:
12750:
12736:
12730:
12729:
12722:
12721:
12714:
12707:
12699:
12690:
12689:
12687:
12686:
12681:
12676:
12671:
12666:
12662:
12659:
12658:
12655:
12654:
12652:
12651:
12646:
12638:
12636:
12632:
12631:
12629:
12628:
12623:
12618:
12613:
12608:
12603:
12598:
12593:
12588:
12583:
12578:
12573:
12568:
12563:
12558:
12553:
12548:
12543:
12538:
12533:
12528:
12523:
12518:
12513:
12508:
12503:
12498:
12493:
12488:
12483:
12478:
12473:
12467:
12465:
12459:
12458:
12456:
12455:
12450:
12445:
12439:
12437:
12422:
12421:
12419:
12418:
12413:
12404:
12403:
12398:
12393:
12388:
12383:
12378:
12373:
12368:
12363:
12358:
12353:
12348:
12343:
12338:
12333:
12328:
12323:
12318:
12313:
12308:
12303:
12298:
12293:
12288:
12283:
12278:
12273:
12268:
12259:
12258:
12253:
12248:
12243:
12238:
12237:
12236:
12226:
12221:
12216:
12211:
12202:
12201:
12196:
12191:
12190:
12189:
12184:
12174:
12169:
12168:
12167:
12157:
12152:
12147:
12142:
12141:
12140:
12135:
12130:
12120:
12119:
12118:
12108:
12103:
12098:
12093:
12088:
12087:
12086:
12076:
12071:
12070:
12069:
12064:
12054:
12049:
12044:
12039:
12034:
12029:
12024:
12019:
12014:
12005:
12004:
11999:
11998:
11997:
11987:
11986:
11985:
11975:
11974:
11973:
11963:
11962:
11961:
11951:
11946:
11945:
11944:
11934:
11933:
11932:
11927:
11922:
11912:
11911:
11910:
11900:
11899:
11898:
11893:
11883:
11882:
11881:
11871:
11870:
11869:
11859:
11854:
11853:
11852:
11842:
11837:
11832:
11831:
11830:
11825:
11817:
11816:
11815:
11805:
11804:
11803:
11793:
11792:
11791:
11781:
11776:
11775:
11774:
11769:
11759:
11754:
11749:
11748:
11747:
11737:
11736:
11735:
11730:
11723:Diflucortolone
11720:
11719:
11718:
11708:
11707:
11706:
11696:
11691:
11686:
11685:
11684:
11674:
11673:
11672:
11662:
11661:
11660:
11650:
11649:
11648:
11638:
11637:
11636:
11626:
11621:
11620:
11619:
11614:
11604:
11603:
11602:
11592:
11587:
11586:
11585:
11575:
11566:
11565:
11564:
11563:
11558:
11557:
11556:
11541:
11536:
11531:
11530:
11529:
11524:
11514:
11513:
11512:
11502:
11501:
11500:
11495:
11490:
11485:
11480:
11475:
11465:
11464:
11463:
11453:
11452:
11451:
11441:
11436:
11431:
11426:
11425:
11424:
11414:
11413:
11412:
11402:
11401:
11400:
11390:
11389:
11388:
11378:
11377:
11376:
11366:
11365:
11364:
11354:
11353:
11352:
11342:
11337:
11332:
11331:
11330:
11325:
11315:
11314:
11313:
11303:
11302:
11301:
11291:
11290:
11289:
11284:
11279:
11271:hydrocortisone
11264:
11263:
11262:
11257:
11250:Corticosterone
11247:
11246:
11245:
11235:
11234:
11233:
11223:
11218:
11217:
11216:
11209:Δ-Prednisolone
11206:
11201:
11200:
11199:
11194:
11184:
11183:
11182:
11172:
11171:
11170:
11160:
11155:
11150:
11141:
11139:
11130:
11119:
11118:
11108:
11107:
11100:
11093:
11085:
11076:
11075:
11073:
11072:
11067:
11062:
11057:
11052:
11047:
11043:
11040:
11039:
11036:
11035:
11033:
11032:
11027:
11017:
11012:
10988:-α-Amino acids
10982:
10977:
10972:
10967:
10936:
10934:
10927:
10921:
10920:
10917:
10916:
10914:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10898:
10893:
10888:
10883:
10878:
10873:
10868:
10863:
10858:
10853:
10848:
10843:
10838:
10833:
10828:
10823:
10818:
10813:
10808:
10803:
10798:
10793:
10788:
10783:
10778:
10773:
10765:
10757:
10749:
10744:
10739:
10734:
10729:
10724:
10719:
10714:
10709:
10704:
10699:
10694:
10689:
10684:
10679:
10674:
10669:
10664:
10659:
10654:
10644:
10639:
10634:
10629:
10624:
10619:
10614:
10609:
10604:
10578:
10573:
10568:
10563:
10558:
10553:
10548:
10543:
10538:
10533:
10528:
10515:
10514:
10509:
10504:
10499:
10494:
10489:
10484:
10482:Spironolactone
10479:
10474:
10469:
10464:
10459:
10454:
10449:
10444:
10439:
10434:
10429:
10424:
10419:
10414:
10409:
10404:
10399:
10394:
10389:
10384:
10379:
10374:
10369:
10364:
10359:
10354:
10349:
10344:
10339:
10334:
10329:
10324:
10319:
10314:
10309:
10307:Cyproheptadine
10304:
10299:
10294:
10289:
10284:
10282:Canrenoic acid
10279:
10274:
10269:
10264:
10259:
10254:
10249:
10244:
10239:
10234:
10225:
10223:
10219:
10218:
10216:
10215:
10210:
10205:
10200:
10191:
10190:
10185:
10180:
10175:
10170:
10165:
10160:
10155:
10150:
10145:
10140:
10135:
10130:
10125:
10120:
10115:
10110:
10105:
10100:
10095:
10090:
10085:
10080:
10075:
10070:
10065:
10060:
10055:
10050:
10045:
10040:
10035:
10030:
10021:
10019:
10008:
10007:
10005:
10004:
9999:
9994:
9989:
9984:
9979:
9974:
9965:
9964:
9959:
9954:
9945:
9944:
9939:
9930:
9929:
9924:
9923:
9922:
9912:
9910:Norgestrienone
9907:
9902:
9888:
9886:Norethisterone
9883:
9882:
9881:
9871:
9861:
9859:Levonorgestrel
9856:
9851:
9846:
9845:
9844:
9834:
9829:
9824:
9815:
9814:
9809:
9804:
9795:
9794:
9789:
9788:
9787:
9777:
9768:
9767:
9758:
9757:
9748:
9747:
9742:
9733:
9732:
9727:
9722:
9717:
9712:
9707:
9702:
9697:
9692:
9687:
9682:
9680:Ethyldienolone
9677:
9672:
9667:
9658:
9657:
9652:
9647:
9642:
9637:
9632:
9627:
9622:
9621:
9620:
9615:
9605:
9600:
9595:
9590:
9585:
9583:Androisoxazole
9576:
9575:
9570:
9565:
9560:
9559:
9558:
9543:
9538:
9537:
9536:
9531:
9526:
9521:
9511:
9506:
9501:
9496:
9491:
9486:
9481:
9476:
9471:
9466:
9461:
9452:
9451:
9446:
9441:
9432:
9431:
9430:
9429:
9424:
9414:
9409:
9408:
9407:
9402:
9397:
9392:
9382:
9381:
9380:
9370:
9365:
9364:
9363:
9353:
9352:
9351:
9341:
9336:
9323:
9322:
9321:
9316:
9311:
9301:
9296:
9291:
9286:
9281:
9280:
9279:
9269:
9264:
9259:
9254:
9253:
9252:
9242:
9233:
9232:
9227:
9226:
9225:
9215:
9210:
9209:
9208:
9198:
9196:Methyldiazinol
9193:
9192:
9191:
9181:
9176:
9171:
9166:
9161:
9160:
9159:
9149:
9148:
9147:
9132:
9127:
9122:
9117:
9116:
9115:
9105:
9100:
9095:
9090:
9085:
9080:
9078:1-Testosterone
9075:
9070:
9065:
9056:
9055:
9054:
9053:
9048:
9033:
9028:
9023:
9018:
9013:
9008:
9007:
9006:
9001:
8991:
8986:
8985:
8984:
8974:
8973:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8952:
8947:
8946:
8945:
8935:
8930:
8925:
8924:
8923:
8918:
8913:
8908:
8898:
8893:
8888:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8863:
8854:
8852:
8845:
8834:
8833:
8823:
8822:
8815:
8808:
8800:
8794:
8791:
8790:
8776:
8775:
8773:
8772:
8767:
8762:
8757:
8752:
8751:
8750:
8749:
8746:
8735:
8729:
8723:
8722:
8719:
8718:
8716:
8715:
8710:
8705:
8700:
8695:
8690:
8685:
8680:
8674:
8672:
8666:
8665:
8663:
8662:
8657:
8652:
8647:
8638:
8636:
8630:
8629:
8626:
8625:
8623:
8622:
8621:
8620:
8610:
8605:
8600:
8595:
8590:
8585:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8555:
8546:
8545:
8540:
8535:
8530:
8525:
8520:
8519:
8518:
8508:
8503:
8498:
8497:
8496:
8491:
8483:
8478:
8477:
8476:
8466:
8461:
8456:
8451:
8450:
8449:
8442:Diflucortolone
8439:
8434:
8433:
8432:
8422:
8420:Desoximetasone
8417:
8412:
8411:
8410:
8400:
8395:
8394:
8393:
8383:
8382:
8381:
8371:
8370:
8369:
8359:
8350:
8349:
8348:
8347:
8337:
8332:
8327:
8322:
8317:
8316:
8315:
8305:
8300:
8290:
8289:
8288:
8278:
8277:
8276:
8266:
8265:
8264:
8254:
8249:
8244:
8239:
8234:
8229:
8220:
8218:
8212:
8211:
8209:
8208:
8207:
8206:
8201:
8191:
8186:
8181:
8180:
8179:
8167:Hydrocortisone
8164:
8163:
8162:
8152:
8147:
8146:
8145:
8134:
8132:
8123:
8117:
8116:
8096:
8095:
8088:
8081:
8073:
8064:
8063:
8061:
8060:
8055:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8035:
8034:
8033:
8032:
8029:
8018:
8012:
8006:
8005:
8002:
8001:
7998:
7997:
7995:
7994:
7989:
7980:
7978:
7974:
7973:
7971:
7970:
7940:
7930:
7920:
7917:paroxypropione
7886:
7879:chlorpromazine
7867:metoclopramide
7849:
7844:
7842:
7836:
7835:
7832:
7831:
7829:
7828:
7826:Spironolactone
7823:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7803:
7798:
7793:
7788:
7779:
7777:
7773:
7772:
7770:
7769:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7743:
7741:
7732:
7724:
7723:
7721:
7720:
7715:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7690:
7685:
7680:
7675:
7666:
7665:
7663:Spironolactone
7660:
7655:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7600:
7588:
7586:
7569:
7563:
7562:
7559:
7558:
7556:
7555:
7531:
7517:
7502:
7500:
7494:
7493:
7491:
7490:
7481:
7480:
7475:
7472:norgestrienone
7456:levonorgestrel
7445:
7440:
7431:
7430:
7421:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7400:
7391:
7390:
7385:
7380:
7375:
7370:
7365:
7360:
7358:Androisoxazole
7351:
7350:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7295:
7290:
7285:
7280:
7271:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7255:
7250:
7245:
7231:
7222:
7221:
7216:
7211:
7206:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7186:
7181:
7176:
7167:
7166:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7089:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7060:
7058:
7041:
7024:
7023:
7012:
7011:
7004:
6997:
6989:
6980:
6979:
6977:
6976:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6936:
6931:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6806:
6801:
6795:
6793:
6789:
6788:
6786:
6785:
6780:
6779:
6778:
6776:Spironolactone
6773:
6768:
6763:
6751:
6750:
6749:
6744:
6731:
6729:
6723:
6722:
6720:
6719:
6718:
6717:
6712:
6702:
6701:
6700:
6688:
6687:
6686:
6681:
6679:Spironolactone
6676:
6671:
6666:
6654:
6653:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6637:
6624:
6622:
6616:
6615:
6613:
6612:
6609:hydrocortisone
6599:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6581:Gamolenic acid
6578:
6572:
6570:
6564:
6563:
6561:
6560:
6555:
6549:
6547:
6545:Skin darkening
6541:
6540:
6538:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6521:
6519:
6513:
6512:
6510:
6509:
6506:hydrocortisone
6497:
6496:
6495:
6490:
6478:
6477:
6476:
6466:
6461:
6459:Salicylic acid
6456:
6451:
6439:
6434:
6433:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6410:
6407:Antihistamines
6403:
6402:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6356:
6346:
6334:
6333:
6332:
6330:Spironolactone
6327:
6322:
6317:
6304:
6302:
6296:
6295:
6289:preparations (
6287:dermatological
6282:
6281:
6274:
6267:
6259:
6250:
6249:
6247:
6246:
6241:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6204:
6198:
6196:
6192:
6191:
6188:
6187:
6185:
6184:
6179:
6173:
6171:
6167:
6166:
6164:
6163:
6161:Amphotericin B
6158:
6153:
6147:
6145:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6135:
6129:
6127:
6121:
6120:
6118:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6041:
6039:
6030:
6024:
6023:
6021:
6020:
6014:
6012:
6006:
6005:
6003:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5986:
5984:
5978:
5977:
5975:
5974:
5969:
5967:Broxyquinoline
5964:
5959:
5957:Chlorquinaldol
5954:
5949:
5943:
5941:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5930:
5924:
5922:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5870:
5868:
5862:
5861:
5842:
5841:
5834:
5827:
5819:
5810:
5809:
5806:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5800:
5789:
5783:
5777:
5776:
5773:
5772:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5723:citronella oil
5719:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5666:salicylic acid
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5636:crystal violet
5633:
5628:
5623:
5621:chlorophetanol
5618:
5612:
5610:
5606:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5591:
5589:
5582:
5581:
5579:
5578:
5571:
5569:
5563:
5562:
5560:
5559:
5552:
5550:
5536:
5532:
5531:
5528:
5527:
5525:
5524:
5519:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5487:
5485:
5477:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5455:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5448:
5441:
5439:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5429:
5422:
5415:
5413:
5404:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5392:
5389:amphotericin B
5381:
5376:
5369:
5367:
5355:
5354:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5347:
5340:
5338:
5332:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5323:
5316:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5278:fosfluconazole
5275:
5268:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5250:
5248:
5242:
5241:
5239:
5238:
5234:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5131:
5129:
5120:
5104:
5093:
5087:
5086:
5070:
5069:
5062:
5055:
5047:
5039:
5038:
5015:
4986:(6): 643–653.
4966:
4940:
4918:
4901:"Ketoconazole"
4887:
4880:
4857:
4827:
4797:
4778:
4755:
4736:
4716:
4680:
4661:
4631:
4612:
4583:
4534:
4513:(4): 341–352.
4507:SLAS Discovery
4493:
4478:
4452:
4408:
4367:
4332:
4317:
4286:
4279:
4250:
4196:
4153:
4109:
4060:
4001:
3958:
3922:
3881:
3832:
3783:
3750:
3707:
3668:
3627:
3608:(6): 1365–71.
3592:
3585:
3567:
3515:
3485:
3458:(2): 245–254.
3442:
3399:
3338:
3295:
3260:
3253:
3216:
3209:
3181:
3159:
3152:
3134:
3127:
3109:
3102:
3079:
3060:(in Chinese).
3049:
2987:
2957:
2927:
2897:
2890:
2865:
2816:
2809:
2787:
2742:
2696:
2655:
2648:
2625:
2592:
2543:
2513:
2483:
2454:
2451:(Online). n.d.
2443:"Ketoconazole"
2434:
2423:"Ketoconazole"
2413:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2398:
2397:Veterinary use
2395:
2375:
2372:
2352:
2349:
2344:
2341:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2277:liver toxicity
2244:
2241:
2177:
2174:
2149:
2146:
2137:
2134:
2100:corticosterone
2071:postmenopausal
2009:
1996:
1953:consisting of
1888:
1885:
1831:. As with all
1825:cell membranes
1811:
1810:
1769:
1767:
1760:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1731:
1730:
1721:
1708:
1703:
1694:
1681:
1668:
1667:
1649:
1628:
1615:
1598:
1585:
1572:
1554:
1551:
1534:
1531:
1518:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1494:
1491:
1477:
1474:
1457:
1454:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1404:
1401:
1386:hepatotoxicity
1362:glucocorticoid
1271:
1268:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1230:Off-label uses
1228:
1166:
1163:
1129:athlete's foot
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1104:United Kingdom
1057:liver problems
965:
964:
947:
946:
944:
943:
940:
938:
935:
927:
926:
925:
922:
921:
919:
918:
915:
907:
906:
905:
902:
901:
896:
890:
889:
887:
886:
878:
876:
868:
867:
861:
855:
854:
851:
845:
839:
833:
827:
822:
816:
815:
811:
810:
800:
792:
791:
789:
788:
780:DTXSID20273956
775:
773:
760:
759:
757:
756:
740:
738:
732:
731:
729:
728:
721:
713:
711:
705:
704:
702:
701:
693:
691:
685:
684:
682:
681:
673:
671:
665:
664:
662:
661:
653:
651:
645:
644:
642:
641:
634:
626:
624:
618:
617:
615:
614:
606:
604:
598:
597:
595:
594:
586:
584:
578:
577:
575:
574:
567:
559:
557:
546:
545:
543:
542:
534:
532:
526:
525:
523:
522:
519:
511:
510:
509:
506:
505:
501:
500:
491:
485:
484:
481:
472:
471:
465:
459:
458:
457:-dealkylation)
447:
441:
440:
437:
431:
430:
424:
418:
417:
410:
409:
407:
406:
403:
394:
379:
365:
363:
357:
356:
352:
351:
349:
348:
305:
303:
297:
296:
270:
268:administration
262:
261:
259:
258:
256:
246:
244:
236:
235:
233:
232:
214:
212:
206:
205:
198:
192:
191:
184:
174:
173:
170:
166:
165:
162:
156:
155:
88:
84:
83:
79:
78:
64:
56:
55:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
16990:
16979:
16976:
16974:
16971:
16969:
16966:
16964:
16961:
16959:
16956:
16954:
16951:
16949:
16946:
16944:
16941:
16939:
16936:
16934:
16931:
16929:
16926:
16924:
16921:
16919:
16916:
16914:
16911:
16909:
16906:
16904:
16901:
16899:
16896:
16894:
16891:
16889:
16886:
16884:
16881:
16879:
16876:
16874:
16871:
16869:
16866:
16864:
16861:
16859:
16856:
16854:
16851:
16849:
16846:
16844:
16841:
16839:
16836:
16835:
16833:
16823:
16813:
16812:
16809:
16790:
16789:
16785:
16782:
16781:
16778:
16772:
16769:
16767:
16764:
16761:
16760:
16757:
16754:
16752:
16749:
16747:
16744:
16742:
16739:
16737:
16734:
16732:
16729:
16727:
16724:
16722:
16719:
16717:
16714:
16712:
16709:
16707:
16704:
16702:
16699:
16697:
16694:
16692:
16689:
16687:
16684:
16682:
16681:Sulfisoxazole
16679:
16677:
16674:
16672:
16669:
16667:
16664:
16662:
16659:
16657:
16654:
16652:
16649:
16647:
16644:
16642:
16639:
16637:
16634:
16632:
16629:
16627:
16624:
16622:
16619:
16617:
16614:
16612:
16609:
16607:
16604:
16602:
16599:
16597:
16594:
16592:
16589:
16587:
16584:
16582:
16579:
16577:
16574:
16572:
16569:
16567:
16564:
16562:
16559:
16557:
16556:Phenobarbital
16554:
16552:
16549:
16547:
16544:
16542:
16539:
16537:
16534:
16532:
16529:
16527:
16524:
16522:
16519:
16517:
16514:
16512:
16509:
16507:
16504:
16502:
16499:
16497:
16494:
16492:
16489:
16487:
16484:
16482:
16479:
16477:
16474:
16472:
16469:
16467:
16464:
16462:
16459:
16457:
16454:
16452:
16448:
16444:
16442:
16441:Levothyroxine
16439:
16437:
16434:
16432:
16429:
16427:
16425:
16421:
16419:
16416:
16414:
16411:
16409:
16406:
16404:
16403:Guggulsterone
16401:
16399:
16396:
16394:
16391:
16389:
16386:
16384:
16381:
16379:
16376:
16374:
16371:
16369:
16366:
16364:
16361:
16359:
16356:
16354:
16351:
16349:
16346:
16344:
16341:
16339:
16336:
16334:
16331:
16329:
16326:
16324:
16321:
16319:
16316:
16314:
16311:
16309:
16306:
16304:
16301:
16299:
16298:Dicloxacillin
16296:
16294:
16291:
16289:
16286:
16283:
16279:
16276:
16273:
16269:
16266:
16264:
16263:Dexamethasone
16261:
16259:
16256:
16254:
16251:
16249:
16246:
16244:
16241:
16239:
16236:
16234:
16231:
16229:
16226:
16224:
16221:
16219:
16216:
16214:
16211:
16209:
16206:
16204:
16201:
16199:
16198:Cephaloridine
16196:
16194:
16191:
16189:
16186:
16184:
16181:
16179:
16176:
16174:
16171:
16169:
16166:
16164:
16161:
16159:
16156:
16154:
16151:
16149:
16146:
16144:
16141:
16139:
16136:
16134:
16131:
16129:
16126:
16124:
16121:
16119:
16116:
16114:
16111:
16109:
16106:
16104:
16101:
16099:
16096:
16094:
16091:
16088:
16087:
16085:
16080:
16074:
16068:
16065:
16063:
16060:
16058:
16055:
16053:
16050:
16048:
16045:
16043:
16040:
16038:
16035:
16033:
16030:
16028:
16025:
16023:
16020:
16018:
16015:
16013:
16010:
16008:
16005:
16002:
16001:
15998:
15997:Valproic acid
15995:
15993:
15990:
15988:
15985:
15983:
15980:
15978:
15975:
15973:
15970:
15968:
15965:
15963:
15960:
15958:
15957:Phenobarbital
15955:
15953:
15950:
15948:
15945:
15943:
15940:
15938:
15935:
15933:
15930:
15928:
15925:
15923:
15920:
15918:
15915:
15913:
15910:
15908:
15905:
15902:
15898:
15895:
15893:
15890:
15888:
15885:
15883:
15880:
15878:
15875:
15873:
15870:
15868:
15865:
15863:
15860:
15858:
15857:Carbamazepine
15855:
15853:
15850:
15848:
15845:
15843:
15840:
15838:
15835:
15832:
15831:
15829:
15824:
15818:
15814:
15811:
15804:
15799:
15797:
15792:
15790:
15785:
15784:
15781:
15771:
15770:
15766:
15763:
15757:
15746:
15742:
15741:
15739:
15734:
15728:
15721:
15717:
15716:
15714:
15709:
15703:
15700:
15696:
15682:
15679:
15677:
15674:
15672:
15669:
15667:
15666:Niflumic acid
15664:
15662:
15659:
15657:
15654:
15652:
15649:
15647:
15644:
15642:
15639:
15638:
15636:
15634:
15630:
15627:
15623:
15613:
15610:
15608:
15605:
15603:
15600:
15598:
15595:
15593:
15590:
15588:
15585:
15584:
15582:
15580:
15576:
15570:
15567:
15565:
15562:
15560:
15559:Glibenclamide
15557:
15556:
15554:
15552:
15548:
15545:
15540:
15534:
15524:
15521:
15520:
15518:
15516:
15512:
15506:
15505:Niflumic acid
15503:
15501:
15498:
15496:
15493:
15491:
15490:Glibenclamide
15488:
15486:
15483:
15481:
15478:
15476:
15473:
15471:
15468:
15466:
15463:
15461:
15458:
15457:
15455:
15453:
15449:
15446:
15441:
15435:
15432:
15430:
15426:
15412:
15409:
15407:
15404:
15402:
15399:
15397:
15394:
15392:
15389:
15388:
15386:
15384:
15380:
15377:
15372:
15366:
15356:
15353:
15352:
15350:
15348:
15344:
15338:
15335:
15333:
15330:
15328:
15325:
15324:
15322:
15320:
15316:
15313:
15308:
15302:
15292:
15289:
15287:
15286:Grayanotoxins
15284:
15282:
15279:
15277:
15276:Batrachotoxin
15274:
15271:
15267:
15263:
15262:ω-Atracotoxin
15259:
15257:
15254:
15253:
15251:
15249:
15245:
15239:
15236:
15234:
15231:
15228:
15224:
15221:
15219:
15216:
15214:
15213:Buprenorphine
15211:
15208:
15207:
15204:
15201:
15199:
15196:
15194:
15191:
15189:
15186:
15184:
15181:
15178:
15177:
15174:
15171:
15169:
15166:
15164:
15161:
15159:
15156:
15154:
15151:
15149:
15146:
15144:
15141:
15139:
15136:
15134:
15131:
15129:
15126:
15123:
15122:
15119:
15116:
15114:
15111:
15109:
15106:
15104:
15101:
15099:
15096:
15094:
15091:
15089:
15086:
15084:
15081:
15079:
15076:
15074:
15071:
15069:
15066:
15064:
15061:
15059:
15056:
15054:
15051:
15049:
15046:
15044:
15041:
15039:
15036:
15034:
15031:
15029:
15026:
15024:
15021:
15019:
15016:
15014:
15011:
15009:
15006:
15004:
15001:
14998:
14994:
14990:
14987:
14985:
14982:
14980:
14977:
14975:
14972:
14970:
14968:
14964:
14961:
14960:
14957:
14954:
14952:
14949:
14947:
14946:Valproic acid
14944:
14942:
14939:
14937:
14934:
14932:
14929:
14927:
14924:
14922:
14919:
14917:
14914:
14912:
14909:
14907:
14904:
14902:
14899:
14897:
14894:
14892:
14891:Oxitriptyline
14889:
14887:
14886:Oxcarbazepine
14884:
14882:
14879:
14877:
14876:Licarbazepine
14874:
14872:
14869:
14867:
14864:
14862:
14859:
14857:
14854:
14852:
14849:
14847:
14844:
14842:
14839:
14837:
14834:
14832:
14831:Carbamazepine
14829:
14827:
14824:
14821:
14820:
14817:
14814:
14812:
14809:
14807:
14804:
14802:
14799:
14797:
14794:
14792:
14789:
14787:
14784:
14782:
14779:
14777:
14774:
14772:
14769:
14767:
14764:
14762:
14759:
14757:
14754:
14752:
14749:
14747:
14744:
14742:
14739:
14737:
14734:
14732:
14729:
14726:
14725:
14722:
14719:
14718:Antianginals:
14716:
14715:
14713:
14711:
14707:
14704:
14699:
14693:
14690:
14688:
14684:
14670:
14667:
14666:
14664:
14662:
14658:
14652:
14651:Norfluoxetine
14649:
14647:
14644:
14642:
14639:
14637:
14634:
14633:
14631:
14629:
14625:
14622:
14617:
14611:
14601:
14598:
14596:
14593:
14591:
14588:
14586:
14585:Niflumic acid
14583:
14581:
14578:
14576:
14573:
14571:
14564:
14563:
14561:
14559:
14555:
14549:
14546:
14544:
14541:
14539:
14532:
14531:
14529:
14527:
14523:
14520:
14515:
14506:
14496:
14493:
14488:
14482:
14481:
14478:
14475:
14473:
14470:
14468:
14465:
14463:
14460:
14458:
14455:
14453:
14450:
14448:
14445:
14443:
14440:
14438:
14437:Levcromakalim
14435:
14433:
14430:
14428:
14425:
14423:
14420:
14418:
14415:
14413:
14410:
14405:
14396:
14395:
14393:
14391:
14387:
14381:
14378:
14376:
14373:
14371:
14368:
14366:
14363:
14361:
14358:
14356:
14353:
14351:
14348:
14346:
14343:
14341:
14338:
14333:
14327:
14326:
14323:
14320:
14318:
14315:
14313:
14310:
14308:
14305:
14303:
14300:
14298:
14295:
14293:
14290:
14288:
14285:
14283:
14280:
14278:
14275:
14273:
14270:
14268:
14265:
14263:
14260:
14258:
14255:
14253:
14250:
14248:
14245:
14243:
14240:
14238:
14235:
14233:
14232:Acetohexamide
14230:
14225:
14216:
14215:
14213:
14211:
14207:
14204:
14199:
14193:
14183:
14180:
14178:
14175:
14173:
14165:
14164:
14162:
14160:
14156:
14150:
14147:
14145:
14142:
14140:
14137:
14135:
14127:
14126:
14123:
14120:
14118:
14115:
14113:
14110:
14108:
14105:
14103:
14100:
14098:
14095:
14093:
14090:
14088:
14085:
14083:
14080:
14078:
14077:Roxithromycin
14075:
14073:
14070:
14068:
14065:
14063:
14060:
14058:
14055:
14053:
14050:
14048:
14045:
14043:
14040:
14038:
14035:
14033:
14030:
14028:
14025:
14023:
14020:
14018:
14015:
14013:
14010:
14008:
14005:
14003:
14000:
13998:
13995:
13993:
13990:
13988:
13985:
13983:
13980:
13978:
13975:
13973:
13970:
13968:
13965:
13963:
13960:
13958:
13955:
13953:
13950:
13948:
13945:
13943:
13940:
13938:
13935:
13933:
13930:
13928:
13925:
13923:
13920:
13914:
13910:
13909:
13906:
13903:
13901:
13898:
13896:
13893:
13891:
13888:
13886:
13883:
13881:
13878:
13876:
13873:
13871:
13868:
13866:
13863:
13861:
13858:
13856:
13853:
13851:
13848:
13846:
13843:
13841:
13838:
13836:
13833:
13831:
13828:
13826:
13823:
13821:
13818:
13816:
13813:
13811:
13808:
13806:
13803:
13801:
13798:
13796:
13793:
13791:
13788:
13786:
13783:
13781:
13778:
13776:
13773:
13771:
13770:Charybdotoxin
13768:
13766:
13763:
13761:
13758:
13756:
13753:
13751:
13748:
13746:
13743:
13741:
13738:
13736:
13733:
13731:
13728:
13727:
13725:
13723:
13719:
13716:
13711:
13705:
13702:
13700:
13696:
13682:
13679:
13677:
13673:
13672:
13670:
13668:
13664:
13658:
13655:
13653:
13652:Trimethadione
13650:
13648:
13645:
13643:
13640:
13638:
13635:
13633:
13630:
13628:
13625:
13623:
13620:
13618:
13615:
13613:
13610:
13608:
13605:
13603:
13600:
13598:
13595:
13593:
13590:
13588:
13585:
13583:
13580:
13578:
13575:
13573:
13570:
13568:
13565:
13563:
13560:
13558:
13555:
13553:
13550:
13548:
13545:
13543:
13540:
13538:
13535:
13533:
13530:
13528:
13525:
13523:
13520:
13518:
13515:
13513:
13510:
13508:
13505:
13503:
13500:
13498:
13495:
13493:
13492:Diproteverine
13490:
13488:
13485:
13483:
13480:
13478:
13475:
13473:
13470:
13468:
13465:
13463:
13460:
13458:
13455:
13453:
13450:
13447:
13446:
13443:
13440:
13438:
13435:
13433:
13430:
13428:
13425:
13423:
13420:
13418:
13415:
13413:
13410:
13408:
13405:
13403:
13400:
13398:
13395:
13393:
13390:
13388:
13385:
13383:
13380:
13378:
13375:
13373:
13369:
13361:
13360:
13357:
13354:
13352:
13351:Ruthenium red
13349:
13347:
13344:
13342:
13339:
13337:
13334:
13332:
13329:
13327:
13326:Levetiracetam
13324:
13322:
13319:
13317:
13314:
13312:
13309:
13307:
13304:
13302:
13299:
13297:
13294:
13292:
13289:
13287:
13284:
13282:
13279:
13277:
13276:ω-Agatoxin TK
13274:
13271:
13270:
13267:
13264:
13262:
13259:
13257:
13254:
13252:
13249:
13247:
13246:Niflumic acid
13244:
13242:
13239:
13237:
13234:
13232:
13228:
13227:
13224:
13221:
13219:
13215:
13214:
13211:
13208:
13206:
13203:
13201:
13197:
13196:
13193:
13190:
13188:
13185:
13183:
13180:
13178:
13175:
13173:
13170:
13168:
13165:
13163:
13160:
13158:
13155:
13153:
13150:
13148:
13145:
13143:
13139:
13138:
13135:
13132:
13130:
13127:
13125:
13122:
13120:
13117:
13115:
13112:
13110:
13107:
13105:
13102:
13100:
13097:
13095:
13092:
13088:
13085:
13083:
13080:
13078:
13075:
13073:
13070:
13068:
13065:
13063:
13060:
13058:
13055:
13053:
13050:
13048:
13045:
13043:
13040:
13038:
13035:
13033:
13030:
13028:
13025:
13023:
13020:
13018:
13013:
13010:
13008:
13005:
13003:
13000:
12998:
12995:
12993:
12990:
12988:
12983:
12980:
12978:
12975:
12973:
12970:
12968:
12965:
12963:
12960:
12958:
12955:
12953:
12950:
12948:
12945:
12943:
12940:
12938:
12935:
12933:
12930:
12928:
12925:
12923:
12920:
12918:
12915:
12913:
12910:
12908:
12905:
12903:
12900:
12898:
12895:
12893:
12890:
12888:
12885:
12883:
12880:
12878:
12875:
12873:
12870:
12868:
12867:Levamlodipine
12865:
12863:
12862:Lercanidipine
12860:
12858:
12855:
12853:
12850:
12848:
12845:
12843:
12840:
12838:
12835:
12833:
12830:
12828:
12825:
12823:
12820:
12818:
12815:
12813:
12810:
12808:
12805:
12803:
12800:
12798:
12795:
12793:
12790:
12788:
12785:
12783:
12780:
12778:
12775:
12773:
12769:
12767:
12763:
12762:
12760:
12758:
12754:
12751:
12746:
12740:
12737:
12735:
12731:
12727:
12720:
12715:
12713:
12708:
12706:
12701:
12700:
12697:
12685:
12682:
12680:
12677:
12675:
12672:
12670:
12667:
12664:
12663:
12660:
12650:
12649:(ISIS-426115)
12643:
12640:
12639:
12637:
12633:
12627:
12624:
12622:
12619:
12617:
12614:
12612:
12609:
12607:
12604:
12602:
12599:
12597:
12594:
12592:
12589:
12587:
12584:
12582:
12579:
12577:
12574:
12572:
12569:
12567:
12564:
12562:
12559:
12557:
12554:
12552:
12549:
12547:
12544:
12542:
12539:
12537:
12534:
12532:
12529:
12527:
12526:Guggulsterone
12524:
12522:
12519:
12517:
12514:
12512:
12509:
12507:
12504:
12502:
12499:
12497:
12494:
12492:
12489:
12487:
12484:
12482:
12479:
12477:
12474:
12472:
12469:
12468:
12466:
12464:
12460:
12454:
12451:
12449:
12448:Fosdagrocorat
12446:
12444:
12441:
12440:
12438:
12432:
12423:
12417:
12414:
12412:
12409:
12406:
12405:
12402:
12399:
12397:
12394:
12392:
12389:
12387:
12384:
12382:
12379:
12377:
12374:
12372:
12369:
12367:
12364:
12362:
12359:
12357:
12354:
12352:
12349:
12347:
12344:
12342:
12339:
12337:
12334:
12332:
12329:
12327:
12324:
12322:
12319:
12317:
12314:
12312:
12309:
12307:
12304:
12302:
12299:
12297:
12294:
12292:
12289:
12287:
12284:
12282:
12279:
12277:
12274:
12272:
12269:
12267:
12264:
12261:
12260:
12257:
12254:
12252:
12249:
12247:
12244:
12242:
12239:
12235:
12232:
12231:
12230:
12229:Nicocortonide
12227:
12225:
12222:
12220:
12217:
12215:
12212:
12210:
12207:
12204:
12203:
12200:
12197:
12195:
12192:
12188:
12185:
12183:
12180:
12179:
12178:
12175:
12173:
12170:
12166:
12163:
12162:
12161:
12158:
12156:
12153:
12151:
12148:
12146:
12143:
12139:
12136:
12134:
12131:
12129:
12126:
12125:
12124:
12121:
12117:
12114:
12113:
12112:
12109:
12107:
12104:
12102:
12099:
12097:
12094:
12092:
12089:
12085:
12082:
12081:
12080:
12077:
12075:
12074:Dexbudesonide
12072:
12068:
12065:
12063:
12060:
12059:
12058:
12055:
12053:
12050:
12048:
12045:
12043:
12040:
12038:
12035:
12033:
12030:
12028:
12025:
12023:
12020:
12018:
12015:
12013:
12010:
12007:
12006:
12003:
12000:
11996:
11993:
11992:
11991:
11988:
11984:
11981:
11980:
11979:
11978:Triamcinolone
11976:
11972:
11969:
11968:
11967:
11964:
11960:
11957:
11956:
11955:
11952:
11950:
11947:
11943:
11940:
11939:
11938:
11935:
11931:
11928:
11926:
11923:
11921:
11918:
11917:
11916:
11915:Paramethasone
11913:
11909:
11906:
11905:
11904:
11901:
11897:
11894:
11892:
11889:
11888:
11887:
11884:
11880:
11877:
11876:
11875:
11872:
11868:
11865:
11864:
11863:
11860:
11858:
11857:Isoprednidene
11855:
11851:
11848:
11847:
11846:
11843:
11841:
11838:
11836:
11835:Halocortolone
11833:
11829:
11826:
11824:
11821:
11820:
11818:
11814:
11811:
11810:
11809:
11806:
11802:
11799:
11798:
11797:
11796:Fluocortolone
11794:
11790:
11787:
11786:
11785:
11782:
11780:
11777:
11773:
11770:
11768:
11765:
11764:
11763:
11760:
11758:
11755:
11753:
11750:
11746:
11743:
11742:
11741:
11738:
11734:
11731:
11729:
11726:
11725:
11724:
11721:
11717:
11714:
11713:
11712:
11709:
11705:
11702:
11701:
11700:
11697:
11695:
11692:
11690:
11687:
11683:
11680:
11679:
11678:
11675:
11671:
11668:
11667:
11666:
11663:
11659:
11656:
11655:
11654:
11651:
11647:
11644:
11643:
11642:
11639:
11635:
11632:
11631:
11630:
11627:
11625:
11622:
11618:
11615:
11613:
11610:
11609:
11608:
11605:
11601:
11598:
11597:
11596:
11593:
11591:
11590:Amelometasone
11588:
11584:
11581:
11580:
11579:
11578:Alclometasone
11576:
11574:
11571:
11568:
11567:
11562:
11559:
11555:
11552:
11551:
11550:
11547:
11546:
11545:
11542:
11540:
11537:
11535:
11532:
11528:
11525:
11523:
11520:
11519:
11518:
11515:
11511:
11508:
11507:
11506:
11503:
11499:
11496:
11494:
11491:
11489:
11488:Prednimustine
11486:
11484:
11481:
11479:
11476:
11474:
11471:
11470:
11469:
11466:
11462:
11459:
11458:
11457:
11454:
11450:
11447:
11446:
11445:
11442:
11440:
11437:
11435:
11432:
11430:
11427:
11423:
11420:
11419:
11418:
11415:
11411:
11408:
11407:
11406:
11403:
11399:
11396:
11395:
11394:
11391:
11387:
11384:
11383:
11382:
11379:
11375:
11372:
11371:
11370:
11367:
11363:
11360:
11359:
11358:
11355:
11351:
11348:
11347:
11346:
11343:
11341:
11338:
11336:
11335:Difluprednate
11333:
11329:
11326:
11324:
11321:
11320:
11319:
11316:
11312:
11309:
11308:
11307:
11304:
11300:
11297:
11296:
11295:
11292:
11288:
11285:
11283:
11280:
11278:
11275:
11274:
11272:
11268:
11265:
11261:
11258:
11256:
11253:
11252:
11251:
11248:
11244:
11241:
11240:
11239:
11236:
11232:
11229:
11228:
11227:
11224:
11222:
11219:
11215:
11212:
11211:
11210:
11207:
11205:
11202:
11198:
11195:
11193:
11190:
11189:
11188:
11185:
11181:
11178:
11177:
11176:
11173:
11169:
11166:
11165:
11164:
11161:
11159:
11156:
11154:
11151:
11149:
11146:
11143:
11142:
11140:
11138:
11134:
11131:
11126:
11120:
11116:
11113:
11106:
11101:
11099:
11094:
11092:
11087:
11086:
11083:
11071:
11068:
11066:
11063:
11061:
11058:
11056:
11053:
11051:
11048:
11045:
11044:
11041:
11031:
11028:
11023:
11018:
11016:
11013:
11010:
11003:
10996:
10989:
10983:
10981:
10978:
10976:
10973:
10971:
10968:
10965:
10961:
10957:
10953:
10949:
10945:
10941:
10938:
10937:
10935:
10931:
10928:
10926:
10922:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10902:
10899:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10891:Valproic acid
10889:
10887:
10884:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10872:
10869:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10854:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10842:
10839:
10837:
10836:Rezvilutamide
10834:
10832:
10829:
10827:
10824:
10822:
10819:
10817:
10814:
10812:
10811:Proxalutamide
10809:
10807:
10804:
10802:
10799:
10797:
10794:
10792:
10789:
10787:
10784:
10782:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10772:
10770:
10766:
10764:
10762:
10758:
10756:
10754:
10750:
10748:
10745:
10743:
10740:
10738:
10735:
10733:
10730:
10728:
10725:
10723:
10720:
10718:
10715:
10713:
10710:
10708:
10705:
10703:
10700:
10698:
10695:
10693:
10690:
10688:
10685:
10683:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10673:
10670:
10668:
10665:
10663:
10660:
10658:
10655:
10652:
10648:
10645:
10643:
10640:
10638:
10635:
10633:
10630:
10628:
10625:
10623:
10620:
10618:
10615:
10613:
10610:
10608:
10605:
10602:
10598:
10594:
10590:
10586:
10582:
10579:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10567:
10564:
10562:
10559:
10557:
10554:
10552:
10549:
10547:
10544:
10542:
10539:
10537:
10534:
10532:
10529:
10527:
10526:-Bicalutamide
10525:
10520:
10519:Nonsteroidal:
10517:
10516:
10513:
10510:
10508:
10505:
10503:
10500:
10498:
10495:
10493:
10490:
10488:
10485:
10483:
10480:
10478:
10475:
10473:
10470:
10468:
10465:
10463:
10460:
10458:
10455:
10453:
10450:
10448:
10445:
10443:
10440:
10438:
10435:
10433:
10430:
10428:
10425:
10423:
10420:
10418:
10415:
10413:
10410:
10408:
10405:
10403:
10400:
10398:
10395:
10393:
10390:
10388:
10387:Guggulsterone
10385:
10383:
10380:
10378:
10375:
10373:
10370:
10368:
10365:
10363:
10360:
10358:
10355:
10353:
10350:
10348:
10345:
10343:
10340:
10338:
10335:
10333:
10330:
10328:
10325:
10323:
10320:
10318:
10315:
10313:
10310:
10308:
10305:
10303:
10300:
10298:
10295:
10293:
10290:
10288:
10285:
10283:
10280:
10278:
10275:
10273:
10270:
10268:
10265:
10263:
10260:
10258:
10255:
10253:
10250:
10248:
10245:
10243:
10240:
10238:
10235:
10233:
10230:
10227:
10226:
10224:
10220:
10214:
10211:
10209:
10206:
10204:
10201:
10199:
10196:
10193:
10192:
10189:
10186:
10184:
10181:
10179:
10176:
10174:
10171:
10169:
10166:
10164:
10161:
10159:
10156:
10154:
10151:
10149:
10146:
10144:
10141:
10139:
10136:
10134:
10131:
10129:
10126:
10124:
10121:
10119:
10116:
10114:
10111:
10109:
10106:
10104:
10101:
10099:
10096:
10094:
10091:
10089:
10086:
10084:
10081:
10079:
10076:
10074:
10071:
10069:
10066:
10064:
10061:
10059:
10056:
10054:
10051:
10049:
10046:
10044:
10041:
10039:
10036:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10026:
10025:Nonsteroidal:
10023:
10022:
10020:
10015:
10009:
10003:
10000:
9998:
9995:
9993:
9990:
9988:
9985:
9983:
9980:
9978:
9977:5α-Androstane
9975:
9973:
9970:
9967:
9966:
9963:
9960:
9958:
9955:
9953:
9950:
9947:
9946:
9943:
9940:
9938:
9935:
9932:
9931:
9928:
9925:
9921:
9918:
9917:
9916:
9913:
9911:
9908:
9906:
9903:
9900:
9896:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9884:
9880:
9877:
9876:
9875:
9872:
9869:
9865:
9862:
9860:
9857:
9855:
9852:
9850:
9847:
9843:
9840:
9839:
9838:
9835:
9833:
9830:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9820:
9817:
9816:
9813:
9810:
9808:
9805:
9803:
9800:
9797:
9796:
9793:
9790:
9786:
9785:Ethandrostate
9783:
9782:
9781:
9778:
9776:
9773:
9770:
9769:
9766:
9763:
9760:
9759:
9756:
9753:
9750:
9749:
9746:
9743:
9741:
9738:
9735:
9734:
9731:
9728:
9726:
9723:
9721:
9718:
9716:
9713:
9711:
9708:
9706:
9703:
9701:
9698:
9696:
9693:
9691:
9688:
9686:
9685:Ethylestrenol
9683:
9681:
9678:
9676:
9673:
9671:
9668:
9666:
9663:
9660:
9659:
9656:
9653:
9651:
9648:
9646:
9643:
9641:
9638:
9636:
9633:
9631:
9628:
9626:
9623:
9619:
9616:
9614:
9611:
9610:
9609:
9606:
9604:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9591:
9589:
9586:
9584:
9581:
9578:
9577:
9574:
9571:
9569:
9566:
9564:
9561:
9557:
9554:
9553:
9551:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9535:
9532:
9530:
9527:
9525:
9522:
9520:
9517:
9516:
9515:
9512:
9510:
9507:
9505:
9502:
9500:
9497:
9495:
9492:
9490:
9487:
9485:
9482:
9480:
9477:
9475:
9472:
9470:
9467:
9465:
9462:
9460:
9457:
9454:
9453:
9450:
9447:
9445:
9442:
9440:
9437:
9434:
9433:
9428:
9425:
9423:
9420:
9419:
9418:
9415:
9413:
9410:
9406:
9403:
9401:
9398:
9396:
9393:
9391:
9388:
9387:
9386:
9383:
9379:
9376:
9375:
9374:
9371:
9369:
9366:
9362:
9359:
9358:
9357:
9354:
9350:
9347:
9346:
9345:
9342:
9340:
9337:
9335:
9333:
9329:
9324:
9320:
9317:
9315:
9312:
9310:
9307:
9306:
9305:
9302:
9300:
9297:
9295:
9292:
9290:
9287:
9285:
9282:
9278:
9275:
9274:
9273:
9270:
9268:
9265:
9263:
9260:
9258:
9255:
9251:
9248:
9247:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9235:
9234:
9231:
9228:
9224:
9221:
9220:
9219:
9216:
9214:
9211:
9207:
9204:
9203:
9202:
9199:
9197:
9194:
9190:
9187:
9186:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9158:
9155:
9154:
9153:
9150:
9146:
9143:
9142:
9140:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9121:
9118:
9114:
9111:
9110:
9109:
9106:
9104:
9101:
9099:
9096:
9094:
9091:
9089:
9086:
9084:
9081:
9079:
9076:
9074:
9071:
9069:
9066:
9064:
9061:
9058:
9057:
9052:
9049:
9047:
9044:
9043:
9041:
9037:
9034:
9032:
9029:
9027:
9024:
9022:
9019:
9017:
9014:
9012:
9009:
9005:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8996:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8983:
8980:
8979:
8978:
8975:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8958:
8957:
8956:
8953:
8951:
8948:
8944:
8941:
8940:
8939:
8936:
8934:
8931:
8929:
8926:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8907:
8904:
8903:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8887:
8884:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8856:
8855:
8853:
8849:
8846:
8841:
8835:
8831:
8828:
8821:
8816:
8814:
8809:
8807:
8802:
8801:
8798:
8792:
8788:
8783:
8771:
8768:
8766:
8763:
8761:
8758:
8755:
8754:
8747:
8745:
8742:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8733:
8730:
8728:
8725:
8724:
8720:
8714:
8711:
8709:
8706:
8704:
8701:
8699:
8696:
8694:
8691:
8689:
8688:Carbenoxolone
8686:
8684:
8681:
8679:
8676:
8675:
8673:
8671:
8667:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8640:
8639:
8637:
8635:
8631:
8619:
8616:
8615:
8614:
8611:
8609:
8606:
8604:
8601:
8599:
8596:
8594:
8591:
8589:
8586:
8584:
8581:
8579:
8576:
8574:
8571:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8559:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8548:
8547:
8544:
8541:
8539:
8538:Triamcinolone
8536:
8534:
8531:
8529:
8526:
8524:
8523:Paramethasone
8521:
8517:
8514:
8513:
8512:
8509:
8507:
8504:
8502:
8499:
8495:
8492:
8490:
8487:
8486:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8475:
8472:
8471:
8470:
8469:Fluocortolone
8467:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8457:
8455:
8452:
8448:
8445:
8444:
8443:
8440:
8438:
8435:
8431:
8428:
8427:
8426:
8425:Dexamethasone
8423:
8421:
8418:
8416:
8413:
8409:
8406:
8405:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8392:
8389:
8388:
8387:
8384:
8380:
8377:
8376:
8375:
8374:Betamethasone
8372:
8368:
8365:
8364:
8363:
8362:Beclometasone
8360:
8358:
8357:Alclometasone
8355:
8352:
8351:
8346:
8343:
8342:
8341:
8338:
8336:
8333:
8331:
8328:
8326:
8325:Prednicarbate
8323:
8321:
8318:
8314:
8311:
8310:
8309:
8306:
8304:
8301:
8298:
8294:
8291:
8287:
8284:
8283:
8282:
8279:
8275:
8272:
8271:
8270:
8267:
8263:
8260:
8259:
8258:
8255:
8253:
8250:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8238:
8237:Difluprednate
8235:
8233:
8230:
8228:
8225:
8222:
8221:
8219:
8217:
8213:
8205:
8202:
8200:
8197:
8196:
8195:
8192:
8190:
8187:
8185:
8182:
8178:
8175:
8174:
8172:
8168:
8165:
8161:
8158:
8157:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8148:
8144:
8141:
8140:
8139:
8136:
8135:
8133:
8131:
8127:
8124:
8122:
8118:
8113:
8109:
8105:
8101:
8094:
8089:
8087:
8082:
8080:
8075:
8074:
8071:
8059:
8056:
8054:
8051:
8049:
8046:
8044:
8041:
8038:
8037:
8030:
8028:
8025:
8024:
8022:
8019:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8008:
8007:
8003:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7982:
7981:
7979:
7975:
7968:
7964:
7960:
7956:
7952:
7948:
7944:
7941:
7938:
7934:
7931:
7928:
7924:
7923:GnRH agonists
7921:
7918:
7914:
7910:
7906:
7902:
7898:
7894:
7890:
7887:
7884:
7880:
7876:
7872:
7868:
7864:
7860:
7856:
7853:
7846:
7845:
7843:
7841:
7837:
7827:
7824:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7804:
7802:
7799:
7797:
7794:
7792:
7789:
7787:
7784:
7781:
7780:
7778:
7774:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7744:
7742:
7740:
7736:
7733:
7731:
7725:
7719:
7716:
7714:
7711:
7709:
7706:
7704:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7694:
7691:
7689:
7686:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7676:
7674:
7671:
7670:Nonsteroidal:
7668:
7667:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
7593:
7590:
7589:
7587:
7585:
7579:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7567:Antiandrogens
7564:
7550:
7541:
7535:
7534:Gonadotropins
7532:
7529:
7525:
7521:
7520:GnRH agonists
7518:
7515:
7511:
7507:
7506:Antiestrogens
7504:
7503:
7501:
7499:
7495:
7489:
7486:
7483:
7482:
7479:
7476:
7473:
7469:
7465:
7461:
7457:
7453:
7449:
7446:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7433:
7432:
7429:
7426:
7423:
7422:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7404:
7401:
7399:
7398:Ethylestrenol
7396:
7393:
7392:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7381:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7369:
7366:
7364:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7353:
7352:
7349:
7346:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7284:
7281:
7279:
7276:
7273:
7272:
7269:
7266:
7264:
7261:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7243:
7239:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7224:
7223:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7205:
7202:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7169:
7168:
7164:
7160:
7156:
7152:
7148:
7144:
7140:
7136:
7132:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7088:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7062:
7061:
7059:
7057:
7051:
7045:
7042:
7036:
7029:
7025:
7021:
7020:antiandrogens
7017:
7010:
7005:
7003:
6998:
6996:
6991:
6990:
6987:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6959:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6939:Oxymetazoline
6937:
6935:
6932:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6907:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6879:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6845:
6842:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6814:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6796:
6794:
6790:
6784:
6781:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6762:
6759:
6758:
6757:
6756:
6755:Antiandrogens
6752:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6739:
6738:
6737:
6733:
6732:
6730:
6728:
6724:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6707:
6706:
6703:
6699:
6696:
6695:
6694:
6693:
6689:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6661:
6660:
6659:
6658:Antiandrogens
6655:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6632:
6631:
6630:
6626:
6625:
6623:
6621:
6617:
6610:
6606:
6605:
6601:
6600:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6573:
6571:
6569:
6565:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6553:Afamelanotide
6551:
6550:
6548:
6546:
6542:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6522:
6520:
6518:
6514:
6507:
6503:
6502:
6498:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6485:
6484:
6483:
6482:Lithium salts
6479:
6474:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6446:
6445:
6444:
6440:
6438:
6435:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6417:
6416:
6415:
6411:
6409:
6408:
6404:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6357:
6354:
6350:
6347:
6345:
6342:
6341:
6340:
6339:
6335:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6312:
6311:
6310:
6309:Antiandrogens
6306:
6305:
6303:
6301:
6297:
6292:
6288:
6280:
6275:
6273:
6268:
6266:
6261:
6260:
6257:
6245:
6244:Copper usnate
6242:
6240:
6239:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6199:
6197:
6193:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6174:
6172:
6168:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6144:
6140:
6134:
6131:
6130:
6128:
6126:
6122:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6095:Propenidazole
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6085:Fenticonazole
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6045:Metronidazole
6043:
6042:
6040:
6038:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6025:
6019:
6018:Sulfatolamide
6016:
6015:
6013:
6011:
6007:
6001:
6000:Ascorbic acid
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5987:
5985:
5983:
5982:Organic acids
5979:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5935:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5916:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5871:
5869:
5867:
5863:
5858:
5854:
5850:
5847:
5846:Gynecological
5840:
5835:
5833:
5828:
5826:
5821:
5820:
5817:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5778:
5774:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5720:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5626:chlorphenesin
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5613:
5611:
5607:
5597:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5583:
5577:
5573:
5572:
5570:
5568:
5564:
5558:
5554:
5553:
5551:
5549:
5544:
5540:
5537:
5535:Intracellular
5533:
5523:
5522:ibrexafungerp
5520:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5496:anidulafungin
5493:
5492:echinocandins
5489:
5488:
5486:
5482:
5478:
5468:
5464:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5447:
5443:
5442:
5440:
5438:
5434:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5417:
5416:
5414:
5412:
5408:
5405:
5401:
5397:
5390:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5371:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5360:
5356:
5346:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5337:
5333:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5318:
5317:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5303:oteseconazole
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5293:isavuconazole
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5270:
5269:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5255:efinaconazole
5252:
5251:
5249:
5247:
5243:
5236:
5235:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5221:sertaconazole
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5176:fenticonazole
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5146:chlormidazole
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5133:
5132:
5130:
5128:
5124:
5121:
5118:
5112:
5108:
5105:
5101:
5097:
5094:
5088:
5083:
5079:
5075:
5068:
5063:
5061:
5056:
5054:
5049:
5048:
5045:
5034:
5030:
5026:
5019:
5011:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4981:
4977:
4970:
4954:
4950:
4944:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4922:
4906:
4902:
4896:
4894:
4892:
4883:
4877:
4873:
4872:
4864:
4862:
4845:
4841:
4837:
4831:
4815:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4785:
4781:
4775:
4771:
4770:
4762:
4760:
4743:
4739:
4733:
4729:
4728:
4720:
4712:
4708:
4704:
4700:
4697:(8): 1003–5.
4696:
4692:
4684:
4668:
4664:
4658:
4654:
4653:
4646:
4644:
4642:
4640:
4638:
4636:
4619:
4615:
4609:
4605:
4604:
4596:
4594:
4592:
4590:
4588:
4579:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4554:(8): 1671–5.
4553:
4549:
4545:
4538:
4530:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4512:
4508:
4504:
4497:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4456:
4448:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4431:(3): 379–86.
4430:
4426:
4422:
4415:
4413:
4404:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4387:(5): 823–32.
4386:
4382:
4378:
4371:
4363:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4348:(4): 409–20.
4347:
4343:
4336:
4328:
4324:
4320:
4314:
4310:
4306:
4302:
4295:
4293:
4291:
4282:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4264:
4257:
4255:
4246:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4203:
4201:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4169:(11): 770–8.
4168:
4164:
4157:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4133:
4129:
4126:(1): 329–39.
4125:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4087:
4083:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4064:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4024:
4021:(8): 367–70.
4020:
4016:
4012:
4005:
3997:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3962:
3954:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3926:
3918:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3885:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3851:
3847:
3843:
3836:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3787:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3757:
3755:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3723:(5): 779–95.
3722:
3718:
3711:
3695:
3691:
3687:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3664:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3631:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3596:
3588:
3586:9780781772075
3582:
3578:
3571:
3563:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3538:(5): 1495–9.
3537:
3533:
3529:
3522:
3520:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3489:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3446:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3415:(8): 489–98.
3414:
3410:
3403:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3358:(5): 249–56.
3357:
3353:
3349:
3342:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3299:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3264:
3256:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3237:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3212:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3193:
3185:
3177:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3155:
3149:
3145:
3138:
3130:
3128:9780723435716
3124:
3120:
3113:
3105:
3099:
3095:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3053:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3016:
3008:
3006:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2931:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2893:
2891:9783527607495
2887:
2883:
2882:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2812:
2810:9780857113382
2806:
2802:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2715:(2): 185–94.
2714:
2710:
2703:
2701:
2681:
2677:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2651:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2632:
2630:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2597:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2430:
2429:
2424:
2418:
2414:
2406:
2404:
2403:veterinarians
2394:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2358:In 2013, the
2356:
2348:
2340:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2302:
2295:Generic names
2287:
2285:
2280:
2278:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2258:
2257:United States
2254:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2145:
2143:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2109:
2106:, as well as
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2063:premenopausal
2060:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1898:
1894:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1807:
1804:
1796:
1786:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1770:This section
1768:
1764:
1759:
1758:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1675:carbamazepine
1673:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1530:
1528:
1527:teratogenesis
1524:
1514:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1417:liver disease
1414:
1410:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1378:GnRH analogue
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1281:
1277:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1241:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1201:chromomycosis
1198:
1197:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1173:
1162:
1161:on the skin.
1160:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1115:
1113:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1085:cell membrane
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
971:
961:
954:
948:
939:
934:
933:
930:
923:
914:
913:
910:
903:
900:
897:
895:
891:
884:
880:
879:
877:
874:
869:
862:
860:
856:
823:
821:
817:
812:
808:
804:
801:
799:
797:ECHA InfoCard
793:
785:
781:
777:
776:
774:
765:
761:
753:
752:RCSB PDB
747:
742:
741:
739:
737:
733:
726:
722:
719:
715:
714:
712:
710:
706:
699:
695:
694:
692:
690:
686:
679:
675:
674:
672:
670:
666:
659:
655:
654:
652:
650:
646:
639:
635:
632:
628:
627:
625:
623:
619:
612:
608:
607:
605:
603:
599:
592:
588:
587:
585:
583:
579:
572:
568:
565:
561:
560:
558:
551:
547:
540:
536:
535:
533:
531:
527:
518:
517:
514:
507:
502:
499:
495:
492:
490:
486:
482:
480:
473:
469:
466:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
446:
442:
438:
436:
432:
428:
425:
423:
419:
415:
411:
404:
402: Rx-only
395:
392:
380:
377:
367:
366:
364:
362:
358:
353:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
307:
306:
304:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
271:
269:
263:
257:
248:
247:
245:
243:
237:
230:
225:
216:
215:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
161:
157:
151:
89:
87:Pronunciation
85:
82:Clinical data
80:
75:
71:
67:
62:
57:
52:
48:
42:
38:
32:
27:
19:
16938:HERG blocker
16933:Hepatotoxins
16878:Chloroarenes
16786:
16766:Ketoconazole
16765:
16763:Antagonists:
16762:
16736:Troglitazone
16711:Tetracycline
16666:Spiroxatrine
16611:Quingestrone
16606:Progesterone
16591:Pregnenolone
16586:Pregnanolone
16576:Pregnanediol
16571:Prednisolone
16496:Mifepristone
16423:
16398:Griseofulvin
16378:Fenbendazole
16363:Famprofazone
16358:Erythromycin
16353:Epothilone B
16338:Eburnamonine
16233:Clotrimazole
16223:Clofenvinfos
16158:Antimycotics
16089:
16052:Okadaic acid
16004:Antagonists:
16003:
15992:Troglitazone
15927:Mifepristone
15922:Methoxychlor
15917:Griseofulvin
15912:Ellagic acid
15892:Cypermethrin
15882:Clotrimazole
15833:
15761:
15760:
15671:Talniflumate
15209:
15198:Tetrodotoxin
15188:Neosaxitoxin
15179:
15124:
15098:Propoxycaine
15033:Dimethocaine
14966:
14962:
14931:Valnoctamide
14861:Fosphenytoin
14822:
14796:Procainamide
14786:Pilsicainide
14741:Disopyramide
14727:
14717:
14565:
14533:
14483:
14397:
14365:Ethosuximide
14350:Cloperastine
14328:
14297:Metahexamide
14292:Glycyclamide
14252:Glibornuride
14217:
14166:
14128:
14107:Thioridazine
14062:Promethazine
14047:Orphenadrine
14037:Ketoconazole
14036:
14022:Erythromycin
13911:
13674:
13602:Phensuximide
13582:Ochratoxin A
13522:Ethosuximide
13448:
13370:-selective (
13362:
13272:
13229:
13216:
13198:
13147:ω-Conotoxins
13140:
13090:
13072:Norverapamil
13037:Dexverapamil
13015:
12989:derivatives:
12985:
12982:Vatanidipine
12977:Trombodipine
12942:Palonidipine
12927:Nitrendipine
12882:Mepirodipine
12787:Azelnidipine
12770:
12764:
12641:
12626:Zavacorilant
12616:Toripristone
12606:Telapristone
12601:RTI 3021–022
12596:RTI 3021–012
12536:Lilopristone
12531:Ketoconazole
12530:
12516:Dazucorilant
12481:Aglepristone
12407:
12391:Quingestrone
12381:Promegestone
12376:Progesterone
12346:Medrogestone
12316:Etonogestrel
12262:
12219:Domoprednate
12205:
12155:Itrocinonide
12008:
11937:Prednylidene
11840:Halometasone
11819:Fluticasone
11779:Fluocinolone
11757:Fluclorolone
11653:Clocortolone
11569:
11517:Pregnenolone
11478:Prednazoline
11468:Prednisolone
11456:Prebediolone
11318:Dichlorisone
11144:
11030:Testosterone
10816:Pyrilutamide
10768:
10760:
10752:
10717:Lavender oil
10707:Ketoconazole
10706:
10672:Enzalutamide
10642:Darolutamide
10576:Bicalutamide
10551:Atraric acid
10523:
10518:
10502:Trimegestone
10457:Promegestone
10422:Mifepristone
10397:Medrogestone
10342:Drospirenone
10297:Clascoterone
10228:
10194:
10138:JNJ-37654032
10133:JNJ-28330835
10128:JNJ-26146900
10024:
9968:
9948:
9933:
9915:Quingestanol
9832:Etonogestrel
9818:
9798:
9771:
9761:
9751:
9736:
9720:Propetandrol
9661:
9650:Oxymetholone
9625:Methasterone
9579:
9573:Tiomesterone
9563:Oxymesterone
9455:
9435:
9356:Norclostebol
9331:
9327:
9236:
9174:Mepitiostane
9169:Epitiostanol
9152:Drostanolone
9103:Androsterone
9059:
9040:+dutasteride
9036:Testosterone
9004:DHEA sulfate
8857:
8698:Ketoconazole
8697:
8655:Mifepristone
8650:Ketoconazole
8649:
8645:Aglepristone
8642:Antagonists:
8641:
8598:Fluocinonide
8549:
8528:Prednylidene
8506:Meprednisone
8501:Halometasone
8485:Fluticasone
8454:Fluclorolone
8403:Clocortolone
8353:
8330:Prednisolone
8252:Fluocinolone
8223:
8194:Pregnenolone
7983:
7943:Progestogens
7811:Ketoconazole
7810:
7739:5α-Reductase
7703:Ketoconazole
7702:
7693:Enzalutamide
7688:Darolutamide
7678:Bicalutamide
7669:
7633:Medrogestone
7628:Drospirenone
7591:
7484:
7434:
7424:
7394:
7383:Oxymetholone
7354:
7338:Oxymesterone
7274:
7248:Norclostebol
7225:
7199:Mepitiostane
7194:Epitiostanol
7170:
7122:Testosterone
7063:
6974:Tralokinumab
6958:progesterone
6954:Progestogens
6924:Metandienone
6909:Lebrikizumab
6854:Delgocitinib
6813:testosterone
6783:Eflornithine
6761:Bicalutamide
6753:
6734:
6715:Ritlecitinib
6704:
6690:
6664:Bicalutamide
6656:
6627:
6602:
6591:Pimecrolimus
6576:Alitretinoin
6558:Melanotan II
6525:Hydroquinone
6499:
6480:
6443:Keratolytics
6441:
6437:Isotretinoin
6425:Pimecrolimus
6412:
6405:
6374:Ketoconazole
6373:
6369:Clotrimazole
6336:
6315:Bicalutamide
6307:
6236:
6222:Furazolidone
6212:Policresulen
6115:Flutrimazole
6100:Butoconazole
6080:Ketoconazole
6079:
6050:Clotrimazole
6010:Sulfonamides
5972:Oxyquinoline
5748:tea tree oil
5733:lemon myrtle
5646:ethylparaben
5576:griseofulvin
5437:Benzylamines
5326:ravuconazole
5321:albaconazole
5313:voriconazole
5308:posaconazole
5298:itraconazole
5288:hexaconazole
5206:neticonazole
5196:luliconazole
5191:ketoconazole
5190:
5181:flutrimazole
5166:eberconazole
5156:clotrimazole
5141:butoconazole
5028:
5018:
4983:
4979:
4969:
4957:. Retrieved
4943:
4935:the original
4921:
4909:. Retrieved
4870:
4848:. Retrieved
4830:
4818:. Retrieved
4800:
4788:. Retrieved
4768:
4746:. Retrieved
4726:
4719:
4694:
4690:
4683:
4671:. Retrieved
4651:
4622:. Retrieved
4602:
4551:
4547:
4537:
4510:
4506:
4496:
4461:
4455:
4428:
4424:
4384:
4380:
4370:
4345:
4341:
4335:
4300:
4262:
4223:(4): 341–7.
4220:
4216:
4166:
4162:
4156:
4123:
4119:
4112:
4080:(1): 404–8.
4077:
4073:
4063:
4051:. Retrieved
4018:
4014:
4004:
3971:
3967:
3961:
3939:(5): 411–5.
3936:
3932:
3925:
3898:
3895:Microbiology
3894:
3884:
3849:
3845:
3835:
3800:
3796:
3786:
3774:. Retrieved
3765:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3698:. Retrieved
3689:
3644:
3640:
3630:
3605:
3601:
3595:
3576:
3570:
3535:
3531:
3506:. Retrieved
3497:
3488:
3455:
3451:
3445:
3412:
3408:
3402:
3390:. Retrieved
3355:
3351:
3341:
3311:(4): 474–7.
3308:
3304:
3298:
3277:
3273:
3263:
3243:
3196:
3184:
3176:Pharmacology
3175:
3143:
3137:
3118:
3112:
3093:
3070:. Retrieved
3052:
3022:(4): 352–7.
3019:
3013:
2978:. Retrieved
2969:
2960:
2948:. Retrieved
2939:
2930:
2918:. Retrieved
2909:
2900:
2880:
2856:. Retrieved
2843:
2800:
2778:. Retrieved
2769:
2712:
2708:
2687:. Retrieved
2638:
2616:. Retrieved
2583:. Retrieved
2574:
2534:. Retrieved
2525:
2516:
2504:. Retrieved
2495:
2486:
2474:. Retrieved
2466:
2457:
2446:
2437:
2426:
2417:
2400:
2377:
2368:liver injury
2357:
2354:
2351:Availability
2346:
2301:generic name
2298:
2281:
2274:
2266:itraconazole
2246:
2221:tolerability
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2189:nonsteroidal
2179:
2151:
2139:
2127:
2121:
2112:
2082:
2051:GnRH agonist
2030:progesterone
2022:
2013:
2001:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1933:
1914:testosterone
1893:antiandrogen
1890:
1876:
1874:
1866:itraconazole
1850:biosynthesis
1814:
1799:
1790:
1779:Please help
1774:verification
1771:
1743:Pharmacology
1738:
1732:
1669:
1566:disopyramide
1556:
1553:Interactions
1536:
1520:
1511:
1496:
1479:
1470:gynecomastia
1459:
1439:
1431:Side effects
1423:, and known
1406:
1397:GnRH agonist
1393:testosterone
1390:
1350:antiandrogen
1326:pregnenolone
1314:pregnenolone
1302:testosterone
1283:
1265:
1246:
1225:
1221:itraconazole
1194:
1188:
1184:Coccidioides
1182:
1176:
1170:
1168:
1156:
1126:
1118:Medical uses
1089:
1041:side effects
1038:
986:antiandrogen
981:
978:Ketoconazole
977:
976:
957:
951:
725:ChEMBL157101
496:(major) and
476:Elimination
467:
454:
361:Legal status
355:Legal status
229:Ketoconazole
210:License data
73:
69:
50:
46:
40:
36:
23:Ketoconazole
18:
16973:Piperazines
16751:Zafirlukast
16721:Thiothixene
16701:Terconazole
16651:Simvastatin
16526:Nisoldipine
16521:Nilvadipine
16506:Nicardipine
16476:Metacycline
16303:Dimercaprol
16258:Demecolcine
16218:Clindamycin
16213:Ciglitazone
16163:Artemisinin
16143:Ambrisentan
16047:Nigramide J
15982:Telmisartan
15942:Nicardipine
15852:Benfuracarb
15847:Artemisinin
15337:Triamterene
15291:Poneratoxin
15281:Ciguatoxins
15168:Raxatrigine
15163:Ralfinamide
15158:PF-05089771
15153:PF-04531083
15125:Analgesics:
15083:Piperocaine
15068:Meprylcaine
15063:Mepivacaine
15018:Cinchocaine
14997:Ropivacaine
14989:Bupivacaine
14916:Sipatrigine
14901:Pheneturide
14896:Phenacemide
14881:Mephenytoin
14866:Lamotrigine
14846:Elpetrigine
14801:Propafenone
14746:Dronedarone
14322:Tolbutamide
14312:Repaglinide
14307:Nateglinide
14302:Mitiglinide
14282:Glisoxepide
14267:Glimepiride
14257:Glicaramide
14237:Carbutamide
14139:Linopirdine
14122:Vernakalant
14112:Tolterodine
14102:Terfenadine
14092:Tamulotoxin
14087:Solifenacin
14057:PNU-282,987
14032:Haloperidol
14027:Gigactonine
14007:Domperidone
13992:Darifenacin
13957:Bedaquiline
13942:Azaspiracid
13905:Vernakalant
13840:Linopirdine
13800:Dronedarone
13790:Dendrotoxin
13775:Clamikalant
13647:Tolperisone
13642:Tetrandrine
13632:Sipatrigine
13627:Silperisone
13612:Prenylamine
13552:Lidoflazine
13507:Elpetrigine
13417:Mirogabalin
13321:Lamotrigine
13316:Flunarizine
13311:Efonidipine
13301:Cinnarizine
13296:Cilnidipine
13251:NNC 55-0396
13177:Ralfinamide
13124:Fantofarone
13119:Dronedarone
13104:Budiodarone
13099:Brinazarone
13062:Levemopamil
12962:Sornidipine
12957:Sagandipine
12947:Pranidipine
12922:Nisoldipine
12912:Nilvadipine
12902:Niguldipine
12892:Nicardipine
12857:Lemildipine
12842:Iganidipine
12837:Furnidipine
12802:Cronidipine
12797:Clevidipine
12792:Barnidipine
12782:Aranidipine
12566:Onapristone
12506:CORT-108297
12463:Antagonists
12366:Norgestomet
12361:Metribolone
12306:Desogestrel
12286:Cyproterone
12160:Rofleponide
12150:Halcinonide
12145:Formocortal
12111:Flunisolide
12106:Flumoxonide
12079:Drocinonide
12042:Cicortonide
12037:Ciclesonide
11874:Meclorisone
11845:Icometasone
11711:Diflorasone
11689:Descinolone
11665:Cloticasone
11641:Clobetasone
11429:Loteprednol
11405:Halopredone
11381:Fluperolone
11015:Osteocalcin
10896:Vinclozolin
10881:Thalidomide
10876:Seviteronel
10806:Procymidone
10742:Masofaniten
10697:Inocoterone
10601:bisphenol S
10597:bisphenol F
10593:bisphenol A
10571:BAY-1024767
10546:Apalutamide
10492:Spiroxasone
10487:Spirorenone
10467:Rosterolone
10407:Mespirenone
10352:Edogestrone
10322:Delanterone
10312:Cyproterone
10302:Clometerone
10272:Benorterone
10257:Abiraterone
10222:Antagonists
10153:PF-06260414
10058:BMS-564,929
9982:Alternariol
9874:Lynestrenol
9827:Desogestrel
9710:Norboletone
9700:Metribolone
9645:Oxandrolone
9603:Mestanolone
9568:Penmesterol
9499:Formebolone
9464:Calusterone
9459:Bolasterone
9213:Prostanozol
9184:Mesterolone
8734:from market
8678:Acetoxolone
8608:Halcinonide
8588:Flunisolide
8568:Deflazacort
8563:Ciclesonide
8459:Flumetasone
8437:Diflorasone
8398:Clobetasone
8297:+tobramycin
8293:Loteprednol
8269:Fluperolone
8017:from market
7927:leuprorelin
7875:haloperidol
7871:risperidone
7863:domperidone
7855:antagonists
7821:Seviteronel
7762:Finasteride
7757:Epristeride
7752:Dutasteride
7747:Alfatradiol
7713:Seviteronel
7673:Apalutamide
7584:antagonists
7528:leuprorelin
7468:lynestrenol
7378:Oxandrolone
7373:Mestanolone
7343:Penmesterol
7298:Formebolone
7283:Calusterone
7278:Bolasterone
7204:Mesterolone
7151:Deposterona
6964:Ruxolitinib
6934:Oclacitinib
6929:Nemolizumab
6844:Crisaborole
6824:Brimonidine
6799:Abrocitinib
6747:Finasteride
6742:Dutasteride
6645:Finasteride
6640:Dutasteride
6635:Alfatradiol
6535:Monobenzone
6420:Cyclosporin
6338:Antifungals
6133:Terconazole
6110:Oxiconazole
6105:Omoconazole
6090:Azanidazole
6075:Tioconazole
6070:Isoconazole
6028:Antifungals
5995:Acetic acid
5990:Lactic acid
5962:Dequalinium
5940:derivatives
5904:Clindamycin
5899:Mepartricin
5894:Carfecillin
5866:Antibiotics
5853:antiseptics
5788:from market
5767:pentamidine
5728:lemon grass
5686:taurolidine
5656:polynoxylin
5557:flucytosine
5501:caspofungin
5425:terbinafine
5411:Allylamines
5273:fluconazole
5265:terconazole
5260:fluconazole
5231:tioconazole
5226:sulconazole
5216:oxiconazole
5211:omoconazole
5186:isoconazole
5161:croconazole
5119:inhibitors)
5117:demethylase
5074:Antifungals
4850:22 February
4820:22 February
4118:receptor".
3305:Dermatology
3119:Dermatology
2858:23 November
2343:Brand names
2262:fluconazole
2197:enantiomers
2156:levels, so
2104:aldosterone
2065:women with
1906:17,20-lyase
1862:fluconazole
1693:histamine H
1657:nisoldipine
1643:ergometrine
1626:simvastatin
1570:dronedarone
1498:Anaphylaxis
1322:17,20-lyase
1294:cholesterol
1257:dutasteride
1253:finasteride
1217:fluconazole
1196:Aspergillus
1190:Blastomyces
1178:Histoplasma
1137:candidiasis
1075:. It is an
1073:anaphylaxis
866: g·mol
803:100.059.680
698:CHEBI:48336
504:Identifiers
463:Metabolites
196:MedlinePlus
169:Other names
160:Trade names
16903:Dioxolanes
16853:Acetamides
16832:Categories
16731:Tianeptine
16696:Tenylidone
16691:Tacrolimus
16636:Rimexolone
16626:Rifampicin
16566:Plicamycin
16551:Paclitaxel
16536:Omeprazole
16516:Nifedipine
16491:Mevastatin
16486:Metyrapone
16466:Lovastatin
16461:Loratadine
16418:Hyperforin
16408:Haloprogin
16373:Felodipine
16348:Enzacamene
16328:Dronabinol
16293:Diclazuril
16272:prasterone
16228:Chloroxine
16203:Cephradine
16173:Bile acids
15987:Tolnaftate
15952:Permethrin
15937:Nevirapine
15932:Nefazodone
15901:prasterone
15862:Carvedilol
15842:Amiodarone
15813:modulators
15641:Bumetanide
15579:Activators
15569:Piretanide
15564:Lonidamine
15515:Activators
15500:Mibefradil
15495:Mefloquine
15485:Furosemide
15480:Fluoxetine
15460:Crofelemer
15347:Activators
15270:Versutoxin
15266:Robustoxin
15248:Activators
15233:Safinamide
15183:Conotoxins
15118:Trimecaine
15113:Tetracaine
15088:Prilocaine
15078:Orthocaine
15053:Iontocaine
15048:Hexylcaine
15043:Etidocaine
14984:Benzocaine
14974:Amylocaine
14956:Zonisamide
14951:Valpromide
14921:Topiramate
14911:Rufinamide
14871:Lacosamide
14836:Cenobamate
14791:Prajmaline
14781:Moricizine
14776:Mexiletine
14771:Lorcainide
14756:Flecainide
14721:Ranolazine
14661:Activators
14646:Fluoxetine
14590:Nimesulide
14572:-specific:
14558:Activators
14540:-specific:
14492:-specific:
14472:Rilmakalim
14462:Nicorandil
14422:Cromakalim
14409:-specific:
14390:Activators
14380:Tipepidine
14370:Ifenprodil
14345:Caramiphen
14337:-specific:
14317:Tolazamide
14277:Gliquidone
14262:Gliclazide
14229:-specific:
14182:Retigabine
14177:Flupirtine
14174:-specific:
14159:Activators
14136:-specific:
14117:Vanoxerine
14097:Terodiline
14082:Sertindole
14072:Ranolazine
13937:Astemizole
13927:Amiodarone
13895:Terikalant
13870:Pinokalant
13855:Nifekalant
13850:Maurotoxin
13845:Lolitrem B
13835:Kaliotoxin
13795:Dofetilide
13785:Dalazatide
13780:Conotoxins
13750:Amiodarone
13745:Almokalant
13667:Activators
13657:Valperinol
13637:Terodiline
13577:Naftopidil
13567:Mesuximide
13497:Enpiperate
13477:Cycleanine
13462:Bevantolol
13452:Bencyclane
13442:Pregabalin
13432:PD-299,685
13427:PD-217,014
13422:PD-200,347
13412:Imagabalin
13402:Gabapentin
13392:Atagabalin
13382:Arbaclofen
13341:Mibefradil
13336:Loperamide
13331:Lomerizine
13306:Dotarizine
13286:Benidipine
13266:Zonisamide
13182:Safinamide
13157:Caroverine
13109:Celivarone
13057:Gallopamil
13012:Siratiazem
13002:Iprotiazem
12992:Clentiazem
12972:Tiamdipine
12967:Teludipine
12932:Olradipine
12917:Nimodipine
12907:Niludipine
12897:Nifedipine
12887:Mesudipine
12877:Manidipine
12852:Lacidipine
12847:Isradipine
12832:Flordipine
12827:Felodipine
12822:Elnadipine
12817:Elgodipine
12807:Darodipine
12777:Amlodipine
12645:IONIS-GCCR
12551:Miconazole
12486:Asoprisnil
12453:Mapracorat
12443:Dagrocorat
12321:Flugestone
12214:Cortivazol
12209:Cortisuzol
12199:Triclonide
12091:Fluazacort
12032:Budesonide
12002:Vamorolone
11966:Timobesone
11954:Ticabesone
11949:Rimexolone
11903:Mometasone
11784:Fluocortin
11629:Clobetasol
11544:Tixocortol
11534:Resocortol
11505:Prednisone
11473:Prednazate
11345:Etiprednol
11238:Cloprednol
11115:modulators
11009:-ornithine
10952:gadolinium
10801:Prochloraz
10796:Phenothrin
10776:Nilutamide
10747:Methiocarb
10667:Endosulfan
10632:Cioteronel
10627:Cimetidine
10617:BMS-641988
10612:BMS-570511
10607:BMS-501949
10581:Bisphenols
10536:Antarlides
10512:Zanoterone
10447:Oxendolone
10392:Ludaterone
10382:Galeterone
10332:Dicirenone
10229:Steroidal:
10195:Steroidal:
10188:Vosilasarm
10083:GSK2881078
10038:AC-262,536
9997:Trilostane
9905:Norgestrel
9854:Gestrinone
9822:Δ-Tibolone
9705:Mibolerone
9655:Stanozolol
9608:Metenolone
9385:Trenbolone
9344:Nandrolone
9294:Dienedione
9218:Stenbolone
9179:Mesabolone
9031:Silandrone
9026:Quinbolone
9021:Plomestane
9016:Formestane
9011:Exemestane
8933:Atamestane
8830:modulators
8713:Trilostane
8703:Metyrapone
8558:Budesonide
8553:Amcinonide
8533:Rimexolone
8511:Mometasone
8464:Fluocortin
8415:Cortivazol
8386:Clobetasol
8340:Tixocortol
8335:Prednisone
8232:Cloprednol
7937:cetrorelix
7893:bifluranol
7816:Nilutamide
7796:Bifluranol
7786:+niraparib
7730:inhibitors
7708:Nilutamide
7683:Cimetidine
7653:Oxendolone
7598:+niraparib
7592:Steroidal:
7460:norgestrel
7448:Progestins
7443:Gestrinone
7403:Mibolerone
7388:Stanozolol
7117:Quinbolone
6969:Tiratricol
6914:Lokivetmab
6904:Ivermectin
6864:Diclofenac
6710:Nepidermin
6596:Tacrolimus
6454:Resorcinol
6430:Tacrolimus
6394:Xenysalate
6379:Miconazole
6364:Climbazole
6344:Bifonazole
6232:Protiofate
6202:Clodantoin
6177:Ciclopirox
6065:Ornidazole
6055:Miconazole
6037:Imidazoles
5952:Clioquinol
5909:Pentamycin
5884:Hachimycin
5874:Candicidin
5757:atovaquone
5738:orange oil
5701:tolnaftate
5696:tolciclate
5681:sulbentine
5651:haloprogin
5631:ciclopirox
5596:tavaborole
5588:inhibitors
5574:Systemic:
5555:Systemic:
5516:rezafungin
5511:micafungin
5506:cilofungin
5490:Systemic:
5484:inhibitors
5467:amorolfine
5446:butenafine
5403:inhibitors
5387:Systemic:
5364:ergosterol
5271:Systemic:
5201:miconazole
5151:climbazole
5136:bifonazole
5127:Imidazoles
5103:inhibitors
5100:Ergosterol
3803:(1): 5–8.
3494:"MedScape"
3373:2268/11902
3280:(6): 1–4.
2950:14 January
2920:14 January
2476:22 October
2409:References
2187:. It is a
2170:lipophilic
2094:, such as
2089:endogenous
1965:)-(−) and
1940:antagonist
1936:miconazole
1921:antagonist
1910:precursors
1897:mechanisms
1858:ergosterol
1854:lanosterol
1821:ergosterol
1728:nevirapine
1706:sucralfate
1661:dofetilide
1635:ergotamine
1622:lovastatin
1613:eplerenone
1605:ranolazine
1601:felodipine
1588:alprazolam
1583:colchicine
1579:lurasidone
1575:irinotecan
1450:flatulence
1286:ergosterol
1274:See also:
1081:ergosterol
990:antifungal
871:3D model (
859:Molar mass
736:PDB ligand
658:R9400W927I
622:ChemSpider
582:IUPHAR/BPS
539:65277-42-1
530:CAS Number
513:IUPAC name
449:Extensive
445:Metabolism
16656:Sirolimus
16646:Ritonavir
16641:Riodipine
16631:Rifaximin
16616:Reserpine
16601:Proadifen
16546:Oxatomide
16501:Nafcillin
16471:Meclizine
16333:Droxidopa
16313:Docetaxel
16238:Colforsin
16188:Bumecaine
16178:Bithionol
16090:Agonists:
16067:T-0901317
16042:Meclizine
15972:Reserpine
15962:Phenytoin
15947:Octicizer
15907:Efavirenz
15834:Agonists:
15762:See also:
15661:Mepacrine
15607:Ivacaftor
15523:Carbachol
15406:Ibuprofen
15396:Amiloride
15355:Solnatide
15327:Amiloride
15256:Aconitine
15218:Evenamide
15193:Saxitoxin
15108:Risocaine
15058:Lidocaine
15003:Butacaine
14979:Articaine
14906:Phenytoin
14816:Tocainide
14811:Sparteine
14806:Quinidine
14766:Lorajmine
14761:Lidocaine
14751:Encainide
14736:Aprindine
14477:Sarakalim
14467:Pinacidil
14457:Naminidil
14447:Minoxidil
14442:Mazokalim
14427:Diazoxide
14417:Bimakalim
14412:Aprikalim
14375:Tertiapin
14355:Clozapine
14272:Glipizide
14067:Quinidine
14017:Ergtoxins
13982:Cisapride
13972:BRL-32872
13952:Azimilide
13915:(KCNH2, K
13890:Tedisamil
13875:Quinidine
13865:Paxilline
13830:Inakalant
13825:Ibutilide
13810:Hanatoxin
13765:Bunaftine
13760:Bretylium
13755:Azimilide
13740:Adekalant
13699:Potassium
13681:Bay K8644
13622:Sesamodil
13572:Monatepil
13562:Manoalide
13557:Magnesium
13542:Imepitoin
13532:Fendiline
13512:Ethadione
13502:Eperisone
13482:Dauricine
13457:Berbamine
13368:δ subunit
13172:PD-173212
13087:Verapamil
13077:Ronipamil
13067:Nexopamil
13052:Falipamil
13047:Etripamil
13032:Devapamil
13027:Dagapamil
13007:Nictiazem
12997:Diltiazem
12987:Diltiazem
12937:Oxodipine
12581:ORG-34850
12571:ORG-34116
12341:Gestodene
12246:Oxisopred
12224:Naflocort
12172:Tralonide
11539:Tipredane
11439:Medrysone
11306:Deprodone
11294:Cortisone
11221:Amebucort
10995:-arginine
10980:Estradiol
10960:strontium
10956:magnesium
10944:aluminium
10911:YM-175735
10846:Ro 5-2537
10841:Ro 2-7239
10791:PF-998425
10786:Pentomone
10727:LG-120907
10687:Flutamide
10682:Fenarimol
10622:CH5137291
10561:Bakuchiol
10497:Topterone
10462:Prorenone
10437:Osaterone
10432:Nordinone
10417:Mexrenone
10337:Dienogest
10287:Canrenone
10208:TFM-4AS-1
10148:ORM-11984
10088:GSK-4336A
10078:GLPG-0492
10002:ZM-182345
9849:Gestodene
9837:Etynodiol
9593:Furazabol
9484:Enestebol
9412:Trendione
9373:Oxabolone
9299:Dienolone
9272:Bolandiol
9201:Nisterime
8955:Clostebol
8938:Boldenone
8744:Phase III
8732:Withdrawn
8693:Enoxolone
8303:Medrysone
8216:Synthetic
8138:Cortisone
8027:Phase III
8015:Withdrawn
7901:estradiol
7889:Estrogens
7883:sulpiride
7861:) (e.g.,
7806:Flutamide
7698:Flutamide
7623:Dienogest
7603:Canrenone
7514:clomifene
7510:tamoxifen
7363:Furazabol
7077:Clostebol
7028:Androgens
7016:Androgens
6878:estradiol
6874:Estrogens
6869:Dupilumab
6809:Androgens
6771:Flutamide
6698:Minoxidil
6674:Flutamide
6586:Oxaceprol
6353:cetrimide
6325:Flutamide
6217:Nifuratel
6156:Natamycin
6125:Triazoles
6060:Econazole
5938:Quinoline
5928:Acetarsol
5921:compounds
5798:Phase III
5786:Withdrawn
5743:patchouli
5691:ticlatone
5594:Topical:
5465:Topical:
5444:Topical:
5420:naftifine
5418:Topical:
5391:, hamycin
5379:natamycin
5372:Topical:
5345:abafungin
5343:Topical:
5336:Thiazoles
5319:Unknown:
5253:Topical:
5246:Triazoles
5171:econazole
5134:Topical:
4980:Pituitary
4488:0171-2004
3766:Drugs.com
3480:209331373
3044:206695486
2770:Drugs.com
2689:26 August
2585:5 January
2384:phase III
2268:for many
2251:. It was
2235:compound
2233:steroidal
2223:and less
2185:imidazole
2182:synthetic
2176:Chemistry
2108:vitamin D
2075:estradiol
2059:secretion
2046:prolactin
2018:aromatase
1817:imidazole
1734:Ritonavir
1724:efavirenz
1719:isoniazid
1715:rifabutin
1679:phenytoin
1653:cisapride
1609:tolvaptan
1596:triazolam
1592:midazolam
1562:methadone
1517:Pregnancy
1502:urticaria
1456:Endocrine
1446:dyspepsia
1442:dysgeusia
1374:hirsutism
1330:androgens
1235:Hair loss
1141:jock itch
1112:withdrawn
1077:imidazole
894:Chirality
494:Bile duct
489:Excretion
478:half-life
439:84 to 99%
266:Routes of
240:Pregnancy
188:Monograph
182:Drugs.com
16822:Medicine
16783:See also
16671:SR-12813
16561:Piperine
16541:Orlistat
16511:Nicotine
16383:Fentanyl
16368:Febantel
16343:Ecopipam
16308:Dinaline
16193:Cafestol
16183:Bosentan
16057:PK-11195
15747:instead.
15722:instead.
15633:Blockers
15625:Unsorted
15551:Blockers
15452:Blockers
15429:Chloride
15391:A-317567
15383:Blockers
15332:Benzamil
15319:Blockers
15148:NKTR-171
15143:GDC-0276
15138:Funapide
15133:DSP-2230
15128:AZD-3161
15093:Procaine
15008:Butamben
14856:Ethotoin
14731:Ajmaline
14710:Blockers
14669:Riluzole
14628:Blockers
14526:Blockers
14432:Emakalim
14210:Blockers
14052:Pimozide
13922:Ajmaline
13722:Blockers
13537:Fostedil
13467:Canadine
13437:Phenibut
13397:Baclofen
13346:NP078585
13291:Bepridil
13129:SR-33805
13082:Tiapamil
13042:Emopamil
13022:Anipamil
12757:Blockers
12665:See also
12611:Tibolone
12541:LLY-2707
12416:GSK-9027
12411:AZD-5423
12311:DU-41165
12256:RU-28362
12251:RU-26988
11740:Dimesone
11267:Cortisol
11137:Agonists
11046:See also
10933:Agonists
10906:YM-92088
10871:RU-58841
10866:RU-58642
10861:RU-57073
10856:RU-56187
10851:RU-22930
10781:ONC1-13B
10732:LGD-1331
10657:Dieldrin
10651:p,p’-DDE
10556:AZD-3514
10541:Arabilin
10472:RU-15328
10412:Metogest
10347:DU-41165
10183:S-101479
10163:RU-59063
10118:LGD-4033
10113:LGD-3303
10103:LGD-2226
10093:GSK-8698
9992:Drupanol
9987:Cl-4AS-1
9927:Tibolone
9108:Bolazine
8851:Agonists
8756:See also
8708:Mitotane
8573:Desonide
8171:cortisol
8039:See also
7945:(incl.,
7852:receptor
7478:Tibolone
7159:Sustanon
7155:Omnadren
7056:agonists
6839:Collagen
6829:Caffeine
6530:Mequinol
6449:Coal tar
6151:Nystatin
6143:Polyenes
5641:dimazole
5384:nystatin
5366:binding)
5092:membrane
5033:Archived
5010:27600150
4953:Archived
4905:Archived
4844:Archived
4814:Archived
4790:11 April
4784:Archived
4742:Archived
4667:Archived
4624:11 April
4618:Archived
4529:29316407
4327:29256130
4191:39334280
4148:21455699
4140:16608920
4047:Archived
4043:33271618
3996:42845713
3827:41187361
3819:15737124
3770:Archived
3745:22938364
3737:22862307
3694:Archived
3663:16986003
3508:18 April
3502:Archived
3472:31832993
3437:20886812
3429:12227482
3386:Archived
3382:18498517
3333:30635892
3290:Archived
3286:22735503
3066:Archived
3036:25775613
2980:23 March
2974:Archived
2944:Archived
2940:ClinCalc
2914:Archived
2910:ClinCalc
2852:Archived
2780:23 March
2774:Archived
2737:26531459
2729:20047506
2680:Archived
2612:Archived
2579:Archived
2575:DailyMed
2530:Archived
2500:Archived
2374:Research
2253:patented
2231:and the
2225:toxicity
2158:antacids
2123:in vitro
2096:cortisol
1870:affinity
1793:May 2013
1711:rifampin
1697:blockers
1685:antacids
1665:pimozide
1651:Others:
1543:symptoms
1539:overdose
1533:Overdose
1472:of 21%.
1342:cortisol
1306:cortisol
1300:such as
1270:Hormonal
1251:such as
1149:dandruff
1133:ringworm
1053:headache
1026:by mouth
1024:. Taken
1018:dandruff
1004:such as
960:(verify)
718:ChEMBL75
602:DrugBank
483:Biphasic
429:: 37–97%
427:By mouth
301:ATC code
293:solution
273:By mouth
255: B3
242:category
224:DailyMed
16771:Sesamin
16756:Zeranol
16686:Suramin
16456:LOE-908
16148:AMI-193
16062:S-07662
15977:TCPOBOP
15872:Chrysin
15401:Aspirin
15223:Menthol
15210:Others:
15180:Toxins:
15023:Cocaine
14548:GAL-021
14168:KCNQ (K
14130:KCNQ (K
13947:AZD1305
13885:Sotalol
13880:ShK-186
13860:Notoxin
13547:JTV-519
13527:Fasudil
13256:ProTx I
13236:ABT-639
13223:SNX-482
13094:AH-1058
13091:Others:
12734:Calcium
12501:C113176
12496:C108297
12386:RU-2309
12296:Danazol
11002:-lysine
10990:(incl.
10948:calcium
10942:(incl.
10940:Cations
10737:Linuron
10677:EPI-001
10583:(e.g.,
10372:EM-6537
10367:EM-5855
10362:EM-5854
10357:EM-4350
10203:MK-0773
10198:EM-9017
10178:S-40503
10033:ACP-105
10028:198RL26
9893:(e.g.,
9866:(e.g.,
9775:Danazol
9725:RU-2309
9665:Bolenol
8130:Natural
7935:(e.g.,
7925:(e.g.,
7891:(e.g.,
7536:(e.g.,
7522:(e.g.,
7508:(e.g.,
7450:(e.g.,
7438:Danazol
7236:(e.g.,
7129:(e.g.,
7031:(incl.
6956:(e.g.,
6876:(e.g.,
6811:(e.g.,
6607:(e.g.,
6504:(e.g.,
6207:Inosine
5919:Arsenic
5762:dapsone
5374:hamycin
5001:5080363
4959:14 June
4911:22 July
4748:14 June
4673:22 July
4578:7486898
4447:2194539
4403:8174717
4362:3536461
4245:9148909
4237:3537102
4183:8915726
4104:6135709
4095:1129197
4035:1526623
3988:8603034
3953:2652864
3933:Urology
3917:9043118
3876:8440973
3868:9412702
3700:7 April
3654:1476081
3622:3023421
3562:6304148
3325:9669136
2678:(EMA).
2618:1 April
2536:1 April
2506:1 April
2270:mycoses
2243:History
2195:of two
2162:stomach
2129:in vivo
2084:in vivo
2079:estrone
1942:of the
1829:enzymes
1594:, oral
1590:, oral
1290:enzymes
1219:and/or
1172:Candida
1102:in the
1092:Janssen
1039:Common
982:Nizoral
820:Formula
611:DB01026
550:PubChem
393:Rx-only
390:WARNING
341: (
339:H02CA03
331: (
329:G01AF11
321: (
319:D01AC08
317:)
311: (
309:J02AB02
289:shampoo
281:topical
277:tablets
226::
202:a682816
16808:Portal
16278:DHEA-S
16118:AA-861
15698:Others
14687:Sodium
14340:Barium
14144:XE-991
14012:E-4031
13962:BeKm-1
13932:AmmTX3
13815:HgeTx1
13805:E-4031
13587:Osthol
13356:TROX-1
13241:ML-218
12635:Others
12430:SEGRMs
10925:GPRC6A
10901:YM-580
10831:RD-162
10722:LG-105
10073:FTBU-1
8727:WHO-EM
8010:WHO-EM
7977:Others
7776:Others
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