954:
621:
162:
434:
941:
1208:
148:
931:
918:
905:
892:
879:
866:
853:
840:
827:
814:
133:
44:
556:. The representatives in Tiflis acknowledged the existence of a state of war between themselves and the Ottoman Empire. With the fall of Kars, Araratov realized that the government of Transcaucasian Seym was not interested in struggle against the invader: Caucasian Turks supported Turkey to gain an alliance in founding their own independent state.
389:, which was extended posthumously to many of the tens of thousands of Stalin's victims. Araratov was rehabilitated and his awards were officially restored to him (via his survivors). His achievements were again acknowledged in history books. Araratov during the short-lived Republic of Armenia was described to be a "jolly and honest" soldier.
760:
of his victims of political repression. They first offered amnesty to prisoners held for non-political offenses, then began to release political prisoners as well. The government later rehabilitated numerous people posthumously, as they did for
Araratov and Silikyan: restoring their medals and their
580:
Your
Excellency, I have honor to inform you the following. The attack we started two days ago in Bash-Aparan was not successful at first, because gyaurs arranged significant forces there... Moreover Armenians had brilliant artillery brigade of mountain weapons, I don't know who was the commander,
488:
it was set up to fight against the
Ottoman Empire in late 1917 and early 1918. Units of this corps were the basis of the army First Republic of Armenia. Armenians had planned to keep their existence based on a political strategy in the way of being supporting the Allies and Russia and to establish
479:
was signed between the
Russians and Ottomans which ended the armed conflicts between Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the Caucasus Campaign. After the Bolshevik seizure of power, a multinational congress of Transcaucasian representatives met to create a provisional regional executive body known as
769:
Araratov was married to a woman named Nina
Ejubova and they had two children, Constantine and Elena. Elena was a very talented dancer whose career was greatly undermined on the basis that her father was executed as an enemy of the Soviet Union. Through her, he has a grandson, Yuriy Araratyan.
559:
On May 11, 1918, a new peace conference opened at Batum. At this conference the
Ottomans extended their demands to include Tiflis as well as Alexandropol and Echmiadzin; they intended to build a railroad to connect Kars and Julfa with Baku. The Armenian and Georgian members of the Republic's
504:
appreciated the talent and skills of the colonel. Yerevan assigned 1st
Division with 1st Erzurum/Erzincan regiment, 2nd Khnus Regiment, 3rd Yerevan Regiment, and 4th Erzinjan/Yerevan Regiments under General Christophor Araratov. In 1918 he was the head of artillery brigade of
413:. Graduating from the academy in 1895, he won recognition as one of the three best students, which earned him the rank of a second lieutenant and right to choose the location of service. At the graduation ceremony, he was the head of Cavalry troops.
405:). His father, Karapet Avetikovich Araratov, was a lieutenant colonel of the Russian Imperial Army. At the age of 10, the young Araratov entered the Tbilisi cadet corps. He studied there for seven years and graduated in 1893. Thereafter, he entered
725:, Araratov was arrested along with many other high-ranking military officers, who were accused of being "nationalists" and "anti-soviet activists" for their support of Armenian independence. After about three months, together with other heroes of
575:
Kemal Asad, commander of 9th
Infantry Division of Turkish army, sent a message to Kemal Esad, commander of Attacking Group of Forces, about Armenian artillery during Sardarapat Battle, commanded by Kristapor Araratov:
406:
348:
Minister of
Military Affairs Kristapor Araratian was a relative latecomer to Armenian national affairs. As was not uncommon in the officer corps, he had been reared in a Russian milieu and had first served in the
1411:
455:
began. He aced his exams ahead of schedule and was assigned to the front. He served as a lieutenant colonel of his previous brigade. He was awarded numerous medals during the war. He was in
Romania when the
298:
64:
1401:
484:. While Armenians sending representatives to Transcaucasian Seim, at the same time, the Eastern Armenian leaders at the Erivan tried to established an Armenian Army Corps. With the efforts of
1371:
361:
as commander of the 2nd Artillery Brigade of the Armenian Corps, Colonel Araratian quickly advanced to the rank of major general. In March 1919 he was selected to replace Major General
425:, he asked to be assigned to the front. His knowledge gained at the artillery school helped him gain a high reputation, and he was soon awarded his first medal for his innovations.
1331:
421:
Araratov chose Caucasus grenadier artillery brigade to continue service, where he had the position of senior adjutant of the brigade head. Right after the outbreak of the
1356:
691:
used to visit him in prison and offered him a chance to teach a course of Russian artillery at the Turkish military university. Araratov refused it several times.
1396:
1391:
1147:
857:
844:
831:
581:
but he hit without a miss. He, damned by Allah, brought our artillery down and a number of heavy choppers, as well as made serious damage to our infantry...
1361:
1336:
683:
In April 1920 he was assigned to Kars as a military governor of the region. In October 1920, when the city yielded to Turks, he was taken prisoner by
1009:
In Denikin's Russia And The Caucasus, 1919-1920: Being A Record Of A Journey To South Russia, The Crimea, Armenia, Georgia, And Baku In 1919 And 1920
1321:
1351:
385:, Araratov was arrested and executed on charges of nationalism. Following Stalin's death in 1953, the Soviet government began a period of
1140:
1112:
461:
1381:
1406:
1326:
1366:
1341:
1133:
247:
485:
17:
1376:
1044:
991:
707:
365:
as the nonpartisan military minister, a post he retained in the coalition, the interim, and the regular cabinet of
326:
army during its fight for independence during and after World War I. Araratov participated in the 1918 battles of
1386:
710:. He took a position as head assistant of a rifle division. Later he was appointed as head of military chairs at
694:
In 24 years of military service from 1896 to 1920, Araratov only went on vacation for a total of about 3 months.
983:
737:, and Harutyun Hakobyan, Araratov was taken on December 10 to Nork gorge and executed by a firing squad of the
565:
744:
The officers' awards were stripped from their names, their families were sometimes sent to labor camps in the
1156:
560:
delegation began to stall. Beginning on May 21, the Ottoman army moved ahead again. The conflict led to the
945:
1346:
1167:
741:. Within Soviet territories, many more military and other suspected political enemies were executed.
658:
652:
594:
585:
During the Battle of Sardarapat, Araratov's artillery brigade fought bravely and took prisoners of a
374:
323:
212:
152:
711:
549:
517:
773:
He was fluent in Armenian, Russian and French. His last name was banned under Soviet rule, due to
757:
529:
386:
460:
took place in Russia and the new government announced its leaving the war. He realized that the
1280:
1250:
975:
958:
Turkish medal in memory of Armenian Government visiting of Turkish Commandership of Halil Pasha
672:
became Acting Premier, with Araratov as Minister of War from March 27. The latter had replaced
639:
341:
1181:
870:
673:
612:
was signed, and the Caucasus Campaign ended. The fights stopped before the New Year of 1919.
569:
476:
362:
1316:
1311:
778:
726:
703:
688:
590:
561:
457:
422:
358:
331:
327:
252:
240:
225:
8:
922:
818:
669:
665:
631:
609:
553:
481:
366:
1260:
1191:
1117:
940:
620:
513:
501:
493:
337:
235:
96:
1285:
1196:
1061:
Caucasian Battlefields: A History of the Wars on the Turco-Caucasian Border 1828–1921
1040:
987:
909:
896:
883:
785:
601:
586:
442:
402:
350:
285:
55:
643:
410:
68:
1245:
1235:
1230:
1034:
734:
730:
664:
excited rebellions. In that unstable situation on April 16, 1919, Prime Minister
635:
627:
465:
256:
1290:
1270:
1265:
1255:
1240:
1125:
953:
930:
917:
904:
891:
878:
865:
852:
839:
826:
813:
524:
where the staff of the brigade was located. On March 3, 1918, the Grand Vizier
138:
100:
899:, 3rd class with Swords and Bow (twice) (October 17, 1905, and April 27, 1916)
748:
as enemies of the state, and the men's names were removed from history books.
1305:
1275:
722:
677:
605:
506:
448:
382:
319:
198:
433:
318:
career officer of the Russian Imperial Army. He was promoted to the rank of
774:
661:
533:
525:
167:
120:
116:
1096:
Source: «Христофор Араратов – "Бог Сардарапата"» Новое время, May 21, 2008
718:
452:
378:
354:
230:
1412:
Armenian military personnel in the Imperial Russian Army of World War I
397:
Christophor Araratov was born in a noble family on June 18, 1876, in
315:
208:
788:
wrote a poem about his teachers, among whom was Kristapor Araratov:
600:
After Sardarapat, Araratov was reassigned to the front against the
497:
469:
496:
was selected as the Commanding Officer (Sparapet of Armenia). The
1217:
1207:
1159:
545:
147:
112:
1402:
Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 2nd class
912:, 2nd class with Swords (twice) (May 14, 1914, and June 5, 1915)
684:
398:
92:
552:
was held between the Ottoman Empire and the delegation of the
980:
The Republic of Armenia: From Versailles to London, 1919–1920
745:
537:
702:
At the end of 1921, Araratov was returned at the request of
43:
738:
541:
521:
447:
Araratov was in post-graduate studies at Officer School at
1036:
Historical Dictionary of the Russian Civil Wars, 1916-1926
756:
Following Stalin's death in 1953, the Soviet Union began
1100:
1372:
Armenian military personnel of the Turkish–Armenian War
733:, Dmitry Mirimanov, Aghasi Varosyan, Stepan Ohanesyan,
373:
For having fought to establish the independence of the
935:
Medal "In memory of Russian-Japanese War", Dark Bronze
624:
Members of the Second Cabinet, October 1, 1919.
306:) (June 18, 1876 – December 10, 1937), also known as
1332:
Russian military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War
834:, 4th class with Swords and Bow (February 26, 1915)
1357:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class
1099:Source: « Араратов Христофор Герасимович» at
948:, Commander class with Swords (September 20, 1917)
668:left for Tiflis to conduct negotiations there and
634:, Christophor Araratov, Standing (left to right):
516:, Araratov who had previously been serving in the
1006:
1303:
1155:
1074:The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times
1087:History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey
1397:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class
1392:Recipients of the Order of the Crown (Romania)
1141:
1039:. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 129–30.
676:on this post and was promoted to the rank of
886:, 4th class, "For Courage" (January 6, 1916)
847:, 3rd class with Swords and Bow (March 1903)
615:
416:
974:
798:...Araratov took us to military exercises,
536:. It stipulated that Bolshevik Russia cede
1148:
1134:
489:their national army with Russian support.
1362:People from the First Republic of Armenia
1337:Russian military personnel of World War I
801:With his Kars rifle over his shoulder...
714:and then at National Economy Institute.
697:
619:
464:would likely use the situation to enter
432:
110:December 10 1937 (aged 60–61)
1322:Armenian people from the Russian Empire
1079:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
860:, 2nd class with Swords (December 1910)
257:
14:
1304:
792:...Արարատովն էր մեզ զորաշարժի տանում`
273:
1352:Recipients of the Cross of St. George
1129:
1032:
1007:Bechhofer Roberts, Carl Eric (1921).
548:. Between March 14 – April 1918, the
248:Armenian National Liberation Movement
1015:
805:
589:of Turkish soldiers. The victory at
486:Armenian National Council of Tiflis
24:
1066:
428:
25:
1423:
1106:
1000:
751:
717:On September 2, 1937, during the
657:In the start of 1919, all around
1382:Great Purge victims from Armenia
1206:
952:
939:
929:
916:
903:
890:
877:
864:
851:
838:
825:
821:, 4th class (September 24, 1914)
812:
784:Famous Armenian writer and poet
764:
357:. Distinguishing himself at the
160:
146:
131:
42:
36:Christophor Araratian (Araratov)
1407:Armenian independence activists
1327:Military personnel from Tbilisi
344:describes Christophor Araratov:
1367:Minister of defence of Armenia
1342:Armenian people of World War I
1053:
984:University of California Press
968:
566:Battle of Kara Killisse (1918)
392:
13:
1:
1059:W. E. D. Allen- P. Muratoff,
962:
925:, 4th class (August 26, 1916)
795:Ղարսի հրացանը կապած ուսին...
437:Christophor Araratov in 1907.
304:Христофор Араратян (Араратов)
608:in 1918. On October 30, the
27:Armenian general (1876–1937)
7:
1033:Smele, Jonathan D. (2015).
10:
1428:
1063:(Cambridge, 1953), p. 458.
650:
440:
407:Mikhaylov artillery school
334:against Turkish invaders.
1377:Armenian prisoners of war
1216:
1203:
1166:
982:. Vol. 2. Berkeley:
858:Order of Saint Stanislaus
845:Order of Saint Stanislaus
832:Order of Saint Stanislaus
653:First Republic of Armenia
626:Sitting (left to right):
616:First Republic of Armenia
475:On December 5, 1917, the
417:First military experience
375:First Republic of Armenia
303:
289:
268:
218:
213:First Republic of Armenia
204:
194:
186:
176:
126:
106:
79:
72:
59:
50:
41:
34:
712:Yerevan State University
550:Trabzon peace conference
401:(present day capital of
976:Hovannisian, Richard G.
873:, 3rd class with Swords
597:independence possible.
530:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
1387:Soviet rehabilitations
1281:Vagharshak Harutiunyan
1251:Vagharshak Harutiunyan
803:
777:being associated with
648:
640:Abraham Gyulkhandanyan
583:
438:
371:
342:Richard G. Hovannisian
1182:Hovhannes Hakhverdyan
1101:http://ru.hayazg.info
1072:Richard Hovannisian,
871:Order of St. Vladimir
790:
698:Soviet Armenia period
689:Kâzım Karabekir Pasha
674:Hovhannes Hakhverdyan
623:
604:Army, which occupied
578:
570:Battle of Bash Abaran
568:(May 24–28), and the
477:armistice of Erzincan
436:
377:, in 1937 during the
346:
187:Years of service
1187:Christophor Araratov
1157:Defence Ministers of
779:Armenian nationalism
704:Aleksandr Myasnikyan
562:Battle of Sardarapat
458:Bolshevik revolution
423:Russian-Japanese War
359:battle of Sardarabad
312:Christapor Araratian
294:Kristap'or Araratian
282:Christophor Araratov
253:Turkish-Armenian War
241:Battle of Sardarabad
226:Russian-Japanese War
923:Order of St. George
819:Cross of St. George
761:places in history.
670:Alexander Khatisian
666:Hovhannes Kajaznuni
632:Alexander Khatisian
610:Armistice of Mudros
595:Republic of Armenia
554:Transcaucasian Sejm
482:Transcaucasian Seim
367:Alexandre Khatisian
308:Khachatur Araratian
290:Քրիստափոր Արարատեան
211:of Armed forces of
153:Republic of Armenia
60:Քրիստափոր Արարատեան
18:Khachatur Araratian
1261:Mikael Harutyunyan
1192:Ruben Ter-Minasian
946:Order of the Crown
687:. Turkish General
649:
514:Russian Revolution
502:Tovmas Nazarbekian
494:Tovmas Nazarbekian
439:
236:Caucasian Campaign
97:Tiflis Governorate
73:Христофор Араратов
1347:Armenian generals
1299:
1298:
1286:Arshak Karapetyan
1222:
1197:Drastamat Kanayan
1173:
1172:(1918–1920)
1085:Ezel Kural Shaw,
910:Order of St. Anna
897:Order of St. Anna
884:Order of St. Anna
806:Legacy and honors
786:Khachik Dashtents
706:to what was then
564:(May 21–29), the
443:Caucasus Campaign
338:Armenian-American
279:
278:
209:Artillery brigade
172:
157:
143:
16:(Redirected from
1419:
1223:
1220:
1211:
1210:
1174:
1171:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1090:
1083:
1077:
1070:
1064:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1030:
1013:
1012:
1004:
998:
997:
972:
957:
956:
944:
943:
934:
933:
921:
920:
908:
907:
895:
894:
882:
881:
869:
868:
856:
855:
843:
842:
830:
829:
817:
816:
644:Sargis Araratyan
305:
301:
291:
259:
178:
170:
166:
164:
163:
155:
151:
150:
141:
137:
135:
134:
89:
87:
74:
67:
61:
46:
32:
31:
21:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1246:Vazgen Sargsyan
1236:Vazgen Manukyan
1231:Vazgen Sargsyan
1219:
1212:
1205:
1201:
1170:
1169:
1162:
1154:
1120:
1109:
1093:
1084:
1080:
1071:
1067:
1058:
1054:
1047:
1031:
1016:
1005:
1001:
994:
973:
969:
965:
951:
938:
928:
915:
902:
889:
876:
863:
850:
837:
824:
811:
808:
767:
754:
735:Hakob Mkrtchyan
731:Movses Silikyan
700:
655:
647:
636:Nikol Aghbalian
628:Avetik Sahakyan
618:
466:Russian Armenia
445:
431:
429:First World War
419:
395:
297:
264:
161:
159:
158:
145:
144:
132:
130:
111:
91:
85:
83:
75:
63:
62:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1425:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1291:Suren Papikyan
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1271:Vigen Sargsyan
1268:
1266:Seyran Ohanyan
1263:
1258:
1256:Serzh Sargsyan
1253:
1248:
1243:
1241:Serzh Sargsyan
1238:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1214:
1213:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1178:
1176:
1168:First Republic
1164:
1163:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1115:
1108:
1107:External links
1105:
1104:
1103:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1078:
1065:
1052:
1046:978-1442252813
1045:
1014:
1011:. p. 271.
999:
993:978-0520041868
992:
966:
964:
961:
960:
959:
949:
936:
926:
913:
900:
887:
874:
861:
848:
835:
822:
807:
804:
766:
763:
758:rehabilitation
753:
752:Rehabilitation
750:
708:Soviet Armenia
699:
696:
625:
617:
614:
518:Romanian front
512:Following the
462:Ottoman Empire
449:Tsarskoye Selo
430:
427:
418:
415:
394:
391:
387:rehabilitation
277:
276:
270:
266:
265:
263:
262:
250:
245:
244:
243:
238:
228:
222:
220:
216:
215:
206:
202:
201:
196:
192:
191:
188:
184:
183:
180:
174:
173:
139:Russian Empire
128:
124:
123:
108:
104:
103:
101:Russian Empire
81:
77:
76:
54:
52:
48:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1424:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1276:David Tonoyan
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1215:
1209:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1139:
1137:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1113:Orientica.net
1111:
1110:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1076:, pp. 292–293
1075:
1069:
1062:
1056:
1048:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1010:
1003:
995:
989:
985:
981:
977:
971:
967:
955:
950:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
924:
919:
914:
911:
906:
901:
898:
893:
888:
885:
880:
875:
872:
867:
862:
859:
854:
849:
846:
841:
836:
833:
828:
823:
820:
815:
810:
809:
802:
799:
796:
793:
789:
787:
782:
780:
776:
771:
765:Personal life
762:
759:
749:
747:
742:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
723:Joseph Stalin
720:
715:
713:
709:
705:
695:
692:
690:
686:
681:
679:
678:Major General
675:
671:
667:
663:
660:
654:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
622:
613:
611:
607:
603:
598:
596:
592:
588:
582:
577:
573:
572:(May 23–29).
571:
567:
563:
557:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
510:
508:
507:Armenian army
503:
499:
495:
490:
487:
483:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
454:
450:
444:
435:
426:
424:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
390:
388:
384:
383:Joseph Stalin
380:
376:
370:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
345:
343:
339:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:Major General
317:
313:
309:
300:
295:
287:
283:
275:
271:
267:
260:
254:
251:
249:
246:
242:
239:
237:
234:
233:
232:
229:
227:
224:
223:
221:
217:
214:
210:
207:
203:
200:
199:Major General
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
175:
169:
154:
149:
140:
129:
125:
122:
118:
114:
109:
105:
102:
98:
94:
90:June 18, 1876
82:
78:
70:
66:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
1221:(since 1991)
1186:
1121:(in Russian)
1086:
1081:
1073:
1068:
1060:
1055:
1035:
1008:
1002:
979:
970:
800:
797:
794:
791:
783:
775:Mount Ararat
772:
768:
755:
743:
716:
701:
693:
682:
662:Azerbaijanis
656:
599:
584:
579:
574:
558:
534:Russian SFSR
526:Talaat Pasha
511:
491:
474:
446:
420:
396:
372:
347:
336:
311:
307:
293:
281:
280:
219:Battles/wars
168:Soviet Union
142:(1890s–1917)
121:Soviet Union
117:Armenian SSR
29:
1317:1937 deaths
1312:1876 births
1118:Hayazg.info
719:Great Purge
528:signed the
500:of Armenia
453:World War I
393:Early years
379:Great Purge
363:Hakhverdian
353:during the
231:World War I
156:(1918–1920)
51:Native name
1306:Categories
963:References
727:Sardarapat
651:See also:
591:Sardarapat
441:See also:
411:Petersburg
340:historian
332:Karakilisa
328:Sardarapat
127:Allegiance
86:1876-06-18
1218:Republic
532:with the
520:moved to
355:world war
314:, was an
302:Russian:
299:‹See Tfd›
190:1896—1922
65:‹See Tfd›
1089:, p. 326
978:(1982).
602:Georgian
498:Sparapet
492:General
470:Caucasus
468:and the
351:Caucasus
324:Armenian
316:Armenian
286:Armenian
205:Commands
177:Service/
56:Armenian
1160:Armenia
659:Armenia
587:battery
546:Ardahan
451:, when
403:Georgia
322:of the
255: (
113:Yerevan
69:Russian
1043:
990:
685:Turkey
544:, and
399:Tiflis
269:Awards
179:branch
171:(1922)
165:
136:
93:Tiflis
746:gulag
593:made
538:Batum
274:below
1041:ISBN
988:ISBN
739:NKVD
606:Lori
542:Kars
522:Kars
330:and
310:and
272:see
195:Rank
182:Army
107:Died
80:Born
721:of
409:in
381:of
258:POW
1308::
1017:^
986:.
781:.
729::
680:.
642:,
638:,
630:,
540:,
509:.
472:.
296:,
292:;
288::
119:,
115:,
99:,
95:,
71::
58::
1149:e
1142:t
1135:v
1049:.
996:.
646:.
369:.
284:(
261:)
88:)
84:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
