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1703:
1745:, French and Italian. Naturally cheerful and hospitable, he delighted in lively society; but he was also passionate, irritable and sensual. He had courage, a vivid sense of duty, an indefatigable love of work, and all the inquisitive zeal and inventive energy of a born reformer. His own pleasure, whether it took the form of love or ambition, was always his first consideration. His capacity for drink was proverbial: when he visited England in 1606, even the notoriously hard-drinking English Court were astonished by his alcohol consumption. In the heyday of his youth his high spirits and passion for adventure enabled him to surmount every obstacle with elan. But in the decline of life he reaped the bitter fruits of his lack of self-control, and sank into the grave a weary and brokenhearted old man.
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definite system of counter-alliances. Christian contacted the Roman
Catholic part of the Thirty Years' War, and offered to broker a deal with Sweden. However, his mediating was highly skewed in favour of the Holy Roman Emperor, and was a transparent attempt at minimising the Swedish influence in the Baltics. His Scandinavian policy was so irritating and vexatious that Swedish statesmen advocated for a war with Denmark, to keep Christian from interfering in the peace negotiations with the Holy Roman Emperor, and in May 1643, Christian faced another war against Sweden. The increased Sound Dues had alienated the Dutch, who turned to support Sweden.
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1334:. He was also present in the area in 1624, when Oslo burned in August of that year. The king was able to reach the area in a few weeks, being in Eiker. Over the years, fire had destroyed major parts of the city many times, as many of the city's buildings were built entirely of wood. After the fire in 1624 which lasted for three days, Christian IV decided that the old city should not be rebuilt again. He decided that the new town be rebuilt in the area below
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1232:, a cannon close by was exploded by a Swedish cannonball, and splinters of wood and metal wounded the king in thirteen places, blinding one eye and flinging him to the deck. But he was instantly on his feet again, cried with a loud voice that it was well with him, and set every one an example of duty by remaining on deck until the fight was over. Darkness at last separated the contending fleets; and the battle was drawn.
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duchies, Christian for a time stayed his hand. The urgent solicitations of other powers, and his fear that
Gustavus Adolphus should supplant him as the champion of the Protestant cause, finally led him to enter the war on 9 May 1625. He also feared that Sweden could use a war to further expand their
1723:
as having the official record in July 2023. The Danish Royal House noted that
Christian IV was not of the legal age to become King upon his father's death, which resulted in a "guardian government" being installed until he was officially installed as King in 1596. When Christian was crowned king,
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Between 1629 and 1643 the
European situation presented infinite possibilities to politicians with a taste for adventure. However, Christian was incapable of a consistent diplomatic policy. He would neither conciliate Sweden, henceforth his most dangerous enemy, nor guard himself against her by a
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also eventually arrived to bolster the defence of
Denmark though it took longer for these to arrive than Christian hoped, not least due to the ongoing British campaigns against France and Spain. Thus Christian, as war-leader of the Lower Saxon Circle, entered the war with an army of only 20,000
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in 1596 at the age of 19. He is remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious, and proactive Danish-Norwegian kings, having initiated many reforms and projects. Christian IV obtained for his kingdoms a level of stability and wealth that was virtually unmatched elsewhere in Europe. He engaged
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in 1603. To foster friendly relations between the two kingdoms, Christian paid a state visit to
England in 1606. The visit was generally judged to be a success, although the heavy drinking indulged in by English and Danes alike caused some unfavourable comments: both Christian and James had an
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Christian now formed an alliance with Sweden on 1 January 1628, as he and
Gustavus Adolphus shared the reluctance of German expansion in the Baltic region. Gustavus Adolphus pledged to assist Denmark with a fleet in case of need, and shortly afterwards a Swedo-Danish army and fleet compelled
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Christian IV spent more time in the kingdom of Norway than any other
Oldenburg monarch and no Oldenburg king made such a lasting impression on the Norwegian people. He visited the country a number of times and founded four cities. He also established and took control over one silver mine
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Christian's foreign policy did not suffer from lack of confidence following the Danish defeat in The Thirty Years' War. To compensate for lacking export revenues, and also in order to stifle the
Swedish advances in the Thirty Years' War, Christian enacted a number of increases in the
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and also by extensive war-reparations from Sweden. Denmark's intervention in the Thirty Years' War was aided by France and by
Charles I of England, who agreed to help subsidise the war partly because Christian was the uncle of both the Stuart king and his sister
774:, Christian IV provided a firework display built on a small ship or lighter, which brought tears to eyes of King James, although the effect was somewhat spoiled because the show was held in daylight. After an exchange of gifts Christian sailed home, escorted by
1880:
In the course of 1628, he discovered that his wife, Kirsten Munk, was having a relationship with one of his German officers. Christian had Munk placed under house arrest. She endeavoured to cover up her own disgrace by conniving at an intrigue between
1440:. Dowland accompanied the king on his tours, and as he was employed in 1603, rumour has it he was in Norway as well. Christian was an agile dancer, and his court was reckoned the second most "musical" court in Europe, only ranking behind that of
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and a French servant. He had sailed with only three ships and captured some pirates during the voyage. More ships with his Danish courtiers arrived on 5 August. The diplomatic purpose of the visit was kept secret. The Venetian ambassador
1338:, a castle which later was converted into a palace and royal residence. His men built a network of roads in Akershagen and demanded that all citizens should move their shops and workplaces to the newly built city of Christiania.
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and to assert Danish sovereignty over Greenland. The expeditions were unsuccessful, partly due to leaders lacking experience with the difficult Arctic ice and weather conditions. The pilot on all three trips was English explorer
707:, which in 1596 had consisted of but twenty-two vessels, in 1610 rose to sixty, some of them built after Christian's own designs. The formation of a national army proved more difficult. Christian had to depend mainly upon hired
1207:
In his sixty-sixth year he once more displayed something of the energy of his triumphant youth. Night and day he laboured to levy armies and equip fleets. Fortunately for him, the Swedish government delayed hostilities in
1123:, without any diminution of territory. However, the treaty bound Christian not to interfere in the Thirty Years' War any further, removing any Danish obstacles when Gustavus Adolphus entered the war in 1630.
1224:. Another attempt to transport Torstensson and his army to the Danish islands by a large Swedish fleet was frustrated by Christian IV in person on 1 July 1644. On that day the two fleets encountered at the
718:
Up until the early 1620s, Denmark-Norway's economy profited from general boom conditions in Europe. This inspired Christian to initiate a policy of expanding Denmark-Norway's overseas trade as part of the
1319:
When the king was busy overseeing the reparations and re-building of the fortress at Oslo, he lived in the country all summer, and at the same time tried to establish a centre for producing iron at
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Sweden was able, thanks to their conquests in the Thirty Years' War, to attack Denmark from the south as well as the east; the Dutch alliance promised to secure them at sea. In May 1643 the Swedish
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heard that Anne of Denmark had written to him about a dispute with King James. Foscarini described Christian as, "above the average in height, dressed in the French fashion. His nature is warlike".
563:, 30 years old, had wished to play a role in the government, but was denied by the council. At the death of Niels Kaas in 1594, Jørgen Rosenkrantz took over leadership of the regency council.
1428:
Christian was reckoned a typical renaissance king, and excelled in hiring musicians and artists from all over Europe. Many English musicians were employed by him at several times, among them
699:
Christian took an interest in many and varied matters, including a series of domestic reforms and improving Danish national armaments. New fortresses were constructed under the direction of
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at the end of September, exhausted the military resources of Denmark and compelled Christian to accept the mediation of France and the Netherlands; and peace was finally signed with the
1119:. Thus with the help of Sweden, the superior sea-power enabled Denmark to tide over her worst difficulties, and in May 1629 Christian was able to conclude peace with the emperor in the
1444:. Christian maintained good contact with his sister Anne, who was married to King James. Christian asked Anne to request for him the services of Thomas Cutting, a lutenist employed by
430:(1618–1648), which devastated much of Germany, undermined the Danish economy, and cost Denmark-Norway some of its conquered territories. He rebuilt and renamed the Norwegian capital
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throughout the 1630s. Christian gained both in popularity and influence at home, and he hoped to increase his external power still further with the assistance of his sons-in-law,
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During the fourteenth century the Swedish kings tried to push the areas of their control towards the north, and contemporary maps depicted the now Norwegian coastal areas of
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890:. The expedition set sail in 1618, taking two years to reach Ceylon and losing more than half their crew on the way. Upon arriving in May 1620, the establishment of a
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was in Swedish hands. This unexpected attack, conducted from first to last with consummate ability and lightning-like rapidity, had a paralysing effect upon Denmark.
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In 1632, an English envoy to king Christian IV, then aged 55, primly remarked "Such is the life of that king: to drink all day and to lie with a whore every night".
1239:. But the Swedish fleet escaped, and the annihilation of the Danish fleet by the combined navies of Sweden and the Netherlands, after an obstinate fight between
599:
decided that Christian would soon be old enough to assume personal control of the reins of government. On 17 August 1596, at the age of 19, Christian signed his
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and also renamed it Christiania. The city name was altered to Kristiania in 1877 and then back to Oslo in 1924. The original town of Christian is now known as
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Christian IV had obtained for his kingdom a level of stability and wealth that was virtually unmatched elsewhere in Europe. Denmark was funded by tolls on the
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of Tanjore (now Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu) turned out to be interested in trading opportunities and a treaty was negotiated granting the Danes the village of
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wave fashionable in Europe. He founded a number of merchant cities, and supported the building of factories. He also built a large number of buildings in
1870:. They were married from 1597 to 1612. She died after bearing Christian seven children. In 1615, three years after her death, the king privately married
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as a part of Sweden. The possibly boldest move of any Danish-Norwegian regent was to make a voyage to the Northern Lands to secure these lands under the
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Christian IV is depicted as a foul-natured person, but a good king who did a lot to make his realm flourish, by the Danish alternative music band
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1557:
1312:, including rights to forests and water resources within a circle of diameter 90 kilometers. Christian also restored and restructured the castle
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mercenaries, some of his allies from Britain and a national army 15,000 strong, leading them as Duke of Holstein rather than as King of Denmark.
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on his deathbed. The turning point is Christian IV's and Kirsten Munk's turbulent marriage with accusations of infidelity and attempted murder.
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that achieved a lasting legacy of popularity with both the Danish and Norwegian people. As such, he featured in the Danish national play
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At the death of his father on 4 April 1588, Christian was just 10 years old. He succeeded to the throne, but as he was still under-age a
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1538:, now Oslo in Norway. After a devastating fire in 1624 the king ordered the old city of Oslo to be moved closer to the fortification of
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holdings in the Baltic Sea. Christian embarked on a military campaign which was later known in Denmark and Norway as "The Emperor War" (
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The 17-year-old Christian IV receives from the dying chancellor the keys to the vault where the royal crown and sceptre are stored.
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1393:. He was responsible for several witch burnings, including 21 people in Iceland, and most notably the conviction and execution of
1386:. The last years of Christian's life were embittered by sordid differences with his sons-in-law, especially with Corfitz Ulfeldt.
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1954:, he had 12 children, though the youngest, Dorothea Elisabeth, was rumoured to be the daughter of Kirsten's lover, Otto Ludwig:
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He had at his disposal from 19,000 to 25,000 people, and at first gained some successes but on 27 August 1626 he was routed by
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1885:, one of her discharged maids, and the king. In January 1630, the rupture became final and Kirsten retired to her estates in
1103:, as promises of military support from the Netherlands and England did not materialise. In the summer of 1627 both Tilly and
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760:, as a drunken fiasco, where most of the players simply fell over from the effects of too much wine. The royal party went to
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held a supremacy over the Baltic Sea, which he lost to Sweden. Nevertheless, Christian was one of the few kings from the
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1316:, where he invited the people of Norway to the official and age-old installment of the king in 1590, and again in 1610.
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until February 1644, and the Danes were able to make adequate defensive preparations and save the important fortress of
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Despite Christian's many efforts, the new economic projects did not return a profit. He looked abroad for new income.
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involved a series of voyages in the years 1605–1607 to Greenland and to Arctic waterways in order to locate the lost
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ability to consume great amounts of alcohol, while remaining lucid, which most of their courtiers did not share.
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1528:(King's Mountain), now Kongsberg in Norway, founded as an industrial town in 1624 after the discovery of silver
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troops as was common practice in the times—well before the establishment of standing armies—augmented by native
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505:. However, in 1580, at the age of 3, his father had him elected Prince and successor to the throne of Denmark.
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Christian is the longest-reigning monarch in Scandinavian history in terms of holding the title. However, the
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Furthermore, Christian is known for erecting many important buildings in his realm, including the observatory
1300:), and tried to make an iron plant with limited success in Eiker. In 1647 he gave the crown privileges of the
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Despite the growing power of Roman Catholics in North Germany, and the threat to the Danish holdings in the
1051:. Some 13,700 Scottish soldiers were to be sent as allies to help Christian IV under the command of General
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967:—as a means of securing his dominion of the northern seas; and secondly, to acquire the secularised German
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was set up to serve as the trustees of the royal power while Christian was still growing up. It was led by
497:, so in spite of being the eldest son Christian was not automatically heir to the throne. But Norway was a
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The Trials and Travels of Willem Leyel: An Account of the Danish East India Company in Tranquebar, 1639–48
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of 20 January 1613. However, despite Denmark's greater strength, the gains of the war were not decisive.
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Countess Anna Cathrine of Schleswig-Holstein (10 August 1618 – 20 August 1633); married Frands Rantzau.
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in Germany. Here, his objectives were twofold: first, to obtain control of the great German rivers—the
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His personal obsession with witchcraft led to the public execution of some of his subjects during the
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Denmark in the Thirty Years’ War, 1618–1648: King Christian IV and the Decline of the Oldenburg State
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Denmark in the Thirty Years’ War, 1618–1648: King Christian IV and the Decline of the Oldenburg State
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In 1623, Christian again visited Norway for an entire summer, this time to oversee the foundation of
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1516:, now part of Copenhagen, Denmark, founded as a fortification/garrison town in 1619. It also houses
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1825:(2018) is a biographical movie, focusing on His Majesty King Christian IV's stormy relationship to
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1889:. Meanwhile, Christian openly acknowledged Vibeke as his mistress, and they had several children.
1200:, crossed the southern frontier of Denmark; and by the end of January 1644 the whole peninsula of
486:, and was thus the first descendant of King John to assume the crown since the deposition of King
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3556:"Queen Margrethe Just Made History as Denmark's Longest-Reigning Monarch – See the New Record"
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Christian IV visited England again in August 1614, coming incognito to surprise his sister at
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
1637:, and two Trinity Churches in Copenhagen and modern Kristianstad, now known as respectively
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1327:. History tells he actually ruled the entire kingdom from this area in the summer of 1603.
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851:. An expedition to North America was commissioned in 1619. The expedition was captained by
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Esther Fihl (2009). "Shipwrecked on the Coromandel: The First Indo–Danish Contact, 1620".
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from 1588 until his death in 1648. His reign of 59 years and 330 days is the longest in
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Christian IV is renowned for his many city (town) foundations, and is most likely the
1095:. Christian had not thoroughly planned the advance against the combined forces of the
902:(or Tarangamabadi) on India's south coast and the right to construct a "stone house" (
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European Treaties Bearing on the History of the United States and Its Dependencies
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European Treaties Bearing on the History of the United States and Its Dependencies
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1573:, now in Norway, founded as an industrial town after the discovery of copper ores.
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and the Dutch Republic, Christian was styled "Lord Christian the Fourth, King of
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In 1611, he first put his newly organised army to use. Despite the reluctance of
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The Progresses, Processions, and Magnificent Festivities of King James the First
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Countess Maria Katharina of Schleswig-Holstein (29 May 1628 – 1 September 1628).
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Count Friedrich Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (26 April 1625 – 17 July 1627).
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Global Crisis: War, Climate Change, and Catastrophe in the Seventeenth Century
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Elisabeth Sophia Gyldenløve (1633–1654); married Major-General Klaus Ahlefeld.
1492:, now Kristianstad in Sweden. Founded in 1614 in the then Danish territory of
1482:, now Kristianopel in Sweden. Founded in 1599 in the then Danish territory of
1420:. The chapel of Christian IV had been completed 6 years before the King died.
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for his younger sons. He skillfully took advantage of the alarm of the German
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On 21 February 1648, at his earnest request, he was carried in a litter from
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Christian IV receives homage from the countries of Europe as mediator in the
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2938:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 276–277.
1738:. Furthermore, his great building activities also furthered his popularity.
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906:) and levy taxes. The treaty was signed on 20 November 1620, establishing
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which had been made for him by Dirich Fyring (1580–1603), assisted by the
30:"Christian IV" redirects here. For the Count Palatine of Zweibrücken, see
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3579:"Queen Margrethe, Denmark's uniting figure, set to step down from throne"
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Christian IV is depicted as a brilliant but hard-drinking monarch in the
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3780:"Christian, the name of nine kings of Denmark. II. Christian IV."
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and a page. Christian IV was recognised by the queen's dancing master
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in Denmark on 12 April 1577 as the third child and eldest son of King
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recruited for the most part from the peasantry on the crown domains.
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692:
631:
3720:] (in Danish). Copenhagen: Politikens Forlag. pp. 125–136.
2190:
1858:. It was originally two separate portraits. The King was painted by
1604:
5284:
5178:
5135:
4885:
3146:
Original Letters Relating to the Ecclesiastical Affairs of Scotland
2173:
1927:(2 February 1611 – 12 August 1633); murdered, Administrator of the
1708:
The statue was completed in 1878 and unveiled on 28 September 1880.
1507:
1483:
1471:
that can be accredited for the highest number of new cities in his
1351:
1324:
1256:
996:
991:(September 1621). A similar arrangement was reached in November at
987:
in 1620, to secure co-adjutorship of the See of Bremen for his son
976:
375:
3706:
Denmark, 1513–1660: the Rise and Decline of a Renaissance Monarchy
3339:
Denmark, 1513–1660: the Rise and Decline of a Renaissance Monarchy
3317:
Wilson, Peter. "Europe's Tragedy". Penguin, 2009, pp. 400–433
3306:
Denmark, 1513–1660: the Rise and Decline of a Renaissance Monarchy
2853:
2828:
Denmark, 1513–1660: the Rise and Decline of a Renaissance Monarchy
1570:
1493:
1293:
1216:. The Danish fleet prevented Torstensson crossing from Jutland to
1213:
5399:
1886:
1634:
1616:
1503:
1456:, and artists and musicians travelled freely between the courts.
1366:
1260:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1235:
The Danish fleet subsequently blockaded the Swedish ships in the
1201:
1197:
1108:
932:, Christian initiated a war with Sweden for the supremacy of the
340:
127:
1970:(20 September 1619 – 29 April 1657); married Christian on Pentz.
944:, the southernmost fortress of Sweden. Christian compelled King
834:
navigations is shown in blue, while Ove Gjedde's is shown in red
592:
where he had a reputation as a headstrong and talented student.
5260:
5173:
5148:
4630:
3403:"Gads Historieleksikon", 3rd edition, 2006. Paul Ulff-Møller, "
3378:"Gads Historieleksikon", 3rd edition, 2006. Paul Ulff-Møller, "
2985:"Gads Historieleksikon", 3rd edition, 2006. Paul Ulff-Møller, "
1209:
941:
887:
876:
626:, Peder Jensen Vinstrup (1549–1614). He was crowned with a new
875:. However, it was a disastrous voyage, with cold, famine, and
2752:
In the 1621 Treaty of The Hague and Treaty of Bremen between
1742:
1472:
1347:
1320:
1217:
964:
3033:
Account of Christian's coronation in 1596: digitised by the
1342:
Securing the Northern Lands under the Danish-Norwegian Crown
687:
Coat of arms of Christian IV and Queen Anne Catherine. From
4729:
4048:
2153:
Statue of Christian IV at the city hall in Kristianstad by
1693:
1589:
1535:
1402:
960:
501:, and electing someone else would result in the end of the
431:
3577:
Rasmussen, Louise; Birkebaek, Johannes (11 January 2024).
3241:
Volume 1 of Dansk-Ostindiske Koloniers historie: Trankebar
1993:(28 December 1623 – 9 August 1677); married Hans Lindenov.
1788:
Christian IV is featured several times in the book series
607:), which was an identical copy of his father's from 1559.
3029:
Kurzer Discurs was Feyrlicheit vnd Geprenge zu Copenhagen
1529:
910:. Christian also assigned the privilege establishing the
770:. At Gravesend, when the royal party was on his ship the
482:. He was descended, through his mother's side, from King
555:(1534–1623), Jørgen Ottesen Rosenkrantz (1523–1596) and
3286:. Department of Social Anthropology, University of Oslo
3174:, vol. 13 (London, 1907), pp. 167 no. 348, 170 no. 355.
1486:
as a garrison town near the then Danish-Swedish border.
886:
to lead an expedition and establish a Danish colony in
610:
Twelve days later, on 29 August 1596, Christian IV was
2168:
Sculpture of Christian IV meeting the king of Sweden,
2012:(15 July 1626 – 5 October 1678); married Ebbe Ulfeldt.
940:
because its chief operation was the Danish capture of
948:
to give way on all essential points at the resulting
570:
The coronation of King Christian IV on 29 August 1596
3200:
Jens Munk – Scandinavia's First Great Polar Explorer
3119:, vol. 2 (London, 1839), pp. 138–143: Thomas Birch,
1797:
Christian IV also features prominently in the novel
1378:
took on an increasing role, under the leadership of
2138:Sculpture by Christian IV in Roskilde Cathedral by
3576:
426:Denmark-Norway in numerous wars, most notably the
2019:Countess Dorothea Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein
1829:, and the crucial last hours on his journey from
1271:, giving Sweden the supremacy of the Baltic Sea.
5465:
1991:Countess Elisabeth Auguste of Schleswig-Holstein
1974:Countess Leonora Christina of Schleswig-Holstein
1502:, now in Germany, founded in 1617 as a rival to
1401:at Ribe and was burned at the Gallows Hill near
1107:occupied the duchies and the whole peninsula of
678:
3374:
3372:
3370:
1968:Countess Sophie Elisabeth of Schleswig-Holstein
1416:, where he died a week later. He was buried in
1228:. As Christian stood on the quarterdeck of the
1055:. Moreover, some 6000 English troops under Sir
583:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3106:, vol. 2 (London, 1828), pp. 84, 89–90, 92–93.
5237:
4612:
3976:
3774:at the website of the Royal Danish Collection
3091:The Stuart Court Masque and Political Culture
2903:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2814:"28 of the world's longest-reigning monarchs"
1903:Frederik (15 August 1599 – 9 September 1599).
1251:on 8 February 1645. Here Denmark had to cede
1189:decided upon war; on 12 December the Swedish
830:Danish routes of their expedition in Ceylon.
4007:
3367:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2126:Bust of Christian IV at Frederiksborg Castle
1915:Elisabeth (16 March 1606 – 24 October 1608).
1370:Chapel of Christian IV at Roskilde Cathedral
27:King of Denmark and Norway from 1588 to 1648
3392:
3047:"Vinstrup, Peder Jensen, 1549–1614, Biskop"
2219:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1912:Sophie (4 January 1605 – 7 September 1605).
1588:, Germany, founded as a garrison town near
811:
258:
32:Christian IV, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
5244:
5230:
4619:
4605:
3983:
3969:
3794:Harington's account of the drunken masque.
3253:
2048:Dorothea Elisabeth Gyldenløve (1613–1615).
47:
5162:
3187:, vol. 13 (London, 1907), p. 171 no. 356.
3161:, 2 (London: Richard Bentley, 1839), 137.
2860:
2239:Learn how and when to remove this message
2000:Countess Christiane of Schleswig-Holstein
1841:
1592:in the then Danish territory of Holstein.
5109:
5076:
4993:
4928:
4562:indicates Danish monarchs who were also
4348:
4317:
4286:
4257:
4117:
4086:
3712:Scocozza, Benito (1997). "Christian 4".
3711:
3549:
3547:
3473:"Roskilde Cathedral – Royal Burial Plot"
3335:
3202:(The Council of Europe Cultural Routes)"
3185:Calendar State Papers, Venice: 1613–1615
3172:Calendar State Papers, Venice: 1613–1615
1985:Valdemar Christian of Schleswig-Holstein
1934:
1845:
1365:
1304:to his banker and his privy councillor (
1278:
1173:
1130:
1126:
1016:
825:
758:masque of Solomon and the Queen of Sheba
682:
665:
565:
512:
450:
296:Valdemar Christian of Schleswig-Holstein
5251:
4659:
3990:
3258:. Museum Tusculanum Press. p. 13.
2102:Statue of Christian IV in Kristiansand
1976:(8 July 1621 – 16 March 1698); married
1361:
840:Christian IV's Expeditions to Greenland
438:after himself, a name used until 1925.
421:, Christian began his personal rule of
398:(12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648) was
221: 1597; died 1612)
14:
5529:Danish people of the Thirty Years' War
5466:
4626:
3718:Politiken's book about Danish monarchs
3570:
3238:
2619:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2380:
2269:
2265:
1263:, while Norway lost the two provinces
5539:Extra Knights Companion of the Garter
5225:
4600:
3964:
3544:
3530:"Christian IV and the use of history"
2981:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2696:
2686:
2682:
2670:
2664:
2654:
2637:
2627:
2623:
2607:
2601:
2591:
2575:
2565:
2561:
2549:
2543:
2533:
2517:
2507:
2503:
2479:
2469:
2456:
2446:
2442:
2430:
2424:
2414:
2398:
2388:
2384:
2368:
2362:
2352:
2336:
2326:
2322:
2310:
2304:
2294:
2277:
2273:
2114:Statue of Christian IV in Copenhagen
2010:Countess Hedwig of Schleswig-Holstein
2002:(15 July 1626 – 6 May 1670); married
1053:Robert Maxwell, 1st Earl of Nithsdale
882:In 1618, Christian appointed Admiral
3701:(Susquehanna University Press, 1996)
3553:
3532:. Aarhus University. 2 December 2020
3281:"A Little Piece of Denmark in India"
3069:"Anna Cathrine, 1575–1612, Dronning"
2920:
2255:Ancestors of Christian IV of Denmark
2217:adding citations to reliable sources
2184:
2090:Statue of King Christian IV in Oslo
1896:he fathered the following children:
1156:, who now came prominently forward.
1006:
730:
88:4 April 1588 – 28 February 1648
5549:Children of Frederick II of Denmark
3684:. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd., 2004.
3663:. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd., 2004.
3449:. danhostel-ribe.dk. Archived from
3123:, vol. 1 (London, 1848), pp. 65–67.
2747:
2021:(1 September 1629 – 18 March 1687).
1958:Stillborn child (b. & d. 1615).
1741:Christian IV spoke Danish, German,
1657:to a fortress. He also founded the
1459:
955:He now turned his attention to the
588:Christian continued his studies at
446:
316:Dorothea Elisabeth Christiansdatter
24:
3691:
3121:Court and Times of James the First
2964:
1987:(26 June 1622 – 26 February 1656).
1961:Unnamed infant (b. & d. 1617).
1921:(18 March 1609 – 9 February 1670).
1874:, by whom he had twelve children.
1274:
493:At the time, Denmark was still an
269:Christian, Prince-Elect of Denmark
25:
5570:
5509:People from Hillerød Municipality
3749:
3714:Politikens bog om danske monarker
3224:Review of Development and Change
3148:vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1851), p. 355.
2520:Albrecht VII, Duke of Mecklenburg
1163:
545:(1535–1594) and consisted of the
5494:17th-century monarchs of Denmark
5489:16th-century monarchs of Denmark
4068:
3708:(Oxford University Press, 2007).
3308:(Oxford University Press, 2007).
3136:, 2 (London, 1839), pp. 137–138.
2908:
2401:Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg
2189:
2161:
2146:
2131:
2119:
2107:
2095:
2083:
1701:
1681:
1506:in the then Danish territory of
1423:
642:On 30 November 1597, he married
385:
5504:17th-century Norwegian monarchs
5499:16th-century Norwegian monarchs
3666:
3645:
3630:
3618:
3593:
3522:
3500:
3487:
3465:
3439:
3417:
3336:Lockhart, Paul Douglas (2007).
3329:
3326:Murdoch and Grosjean, pp. 43–46
3320:
3311:
3298:
3272:
3247:
3232:
3216:
3190:
3177:
3164:
3151:
3139:
3126:
3109:
3096:
3093:(Cambridge, 2008), pp. 125–127.
3083:
3061:
3039:
1823:Christian IV – Den sidste rejse
1089:Johan Tzerclaes, Count of Tilly
908:Denmark's first colony in India
859:. The ships, searching for the
240:
218:
3880:Duke of Holstein and Schleswig
3243:. Jørgensen. pp. 167–169.
3021:
2999:
2950:"Rosenkrantz, Jørgen, 1523–96"
2942:
2846:
2833:
2820:
2806:
1909:(10 April 1603 – 2 June 1647).
1782:1637: No Peace Beyond the Line
1653:palace and completely rebuilt
752:described an entertainment at
441:
408:Duke of Holstein and Schleswig
274:Frederick III, King of Denmark
13:
1:
5534:Burials at Roskilde Cathedral
4008:
3278:
3031:..., Wegener, Schlewig (1596)
2799:
2604:Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
1894:Anne Catherine of Brandenburg
1759:
1310:Joachim Irgens von Westervick
917:
822:Conquest of Koneswaram Temple
679:Military and economic reforms
644:Anne Catherine of Brandenburg
508:
480:Sofie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
456:
366:Sofie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
207:Anne Catherine of Brandenburg
58:
3554:Chiu, David (18 July 2023).
3497:(Oxford, 1994), pp. 224–227.
1929:Prince-Bishopric of Schwerin
1850:King Christian IV and Queen
1821:Christian IV (Danish title:
1791:The Legend of the Ice People
936:. It was later known as the
584:Coming of age and coronation
283:Morganatic and illegitimate:
7:
3940:Count of Holstein-Pinneberg
3279:Gronseth, Kristian (2007).
2546:Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg
2180:
946:Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
637:
634:goldsmith, Corvinius Saur.
10:
5575:
5524:People from Denmark–Norway
4357:Christopher III of Bavaria
4183:Valdemar II the Victorious
3510:. Dansk biografisk Lexikon
3495:Letters of Arbella Stewart
3447:"Maren Spliid – The Witch"
3071:. Dansk biografisk Lexikon
3049:. Dansk biografisk Lexikon
2952:. Dansk biografisk Lexikon
2613:
2497:
2457:11. Catherine of Brunswick
2427:Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
2374:
2267:
2076:
2067:Ulrik Christian Gyldenløve
2034:Christian Ulrik Gyldenløve
1942:and children portrayed by
1931:as Ulrich III (1624–1633).
1665:) inspired by the similar
1607:, the Copenhagen fortress
1475:. These towns/cities are:
1454:Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
1374:After the Torstenson War,
1167:
1010:
973:Prince-Bishopric of Verden
921:
879:killing most of the crew.
871:, settling at what is now
818:Action of 19 February 1619
815:
764:and had dinner aboard the
331:Ulrik Christian Gyldenløve
321:Christian Ulrik Gyldenløve
301:Elisabeth Augusta Lindenov
29:
5442:
5398:
5259:
5190:
5147:
5094:
5061:
4978:
4913:
4637:
4555:
4504:
4379:
4370:
4339:
4308:
4279:
4248:
4108:
4077:
4066:
3998:
3937:
3929:
3914:
3877:
3864:
3854:
3841:
3833:
3828:
3801:
3680:In Davenport, Frances G.
3659:In Davenport, Frances G.
3254:Bredsdorff, Asta (2009).
2684:
2676:
2648:
2625:
2621:
2585:
2563:
2555:
2527:
2505:
2501:
2463:
2444:
2436:
2408:
2386:
2382:
2346:
2324:
2316:
2288:
2271:
1773:alternate-history novels
1688:Christian IV monument in
1672:
1659:Danish East India Company
1283:Engraving of Christian IV
1226:Battle of Colberger Heide
1180:Battle of Colberger Heide
1115:Wallenstein to raise the
912:Danish East India Company
705:Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy
381:
371:
361:
351:
339:
291:Leonora Christina Ulfeldt
251:
195:
183:
167:
155:
151:
141:
133:
126:
116:
106:
92:
84:
66:
46:
41:
5544:People of the Kalmar War
5453:Kristján X (Christian X)
4876:Magnus VI the Law-mender
3803:Christian IV of Denmark
3134:Court of James the First
3117:Court of James the First
2307:Christian III of Denmark
1696:by Carl Ludvig Jacobsen.
1577:A short-lived town was:
1105:Albrecht von Wallenstein
985:Battle of White Mountain
867:landing at the mouth of
855:navigator and explorer,
844:Eastern Norse Settlement
812:Exploration and colonies
661:
559:(1525–1601). His mother
5474:Christian IV of Denmark
5149:III. Independent Norway
4832:Haakon II Broadshoulder
3923:Frederick III (Gottorp)
3918:Frederick III (Denmark)
3786:The American Cyclopædia
3640:in Gen.cookancestry.com
3638:Son Oldenburg 1598–1598
2935:Encyclopædia Britannica
2482:Christian IV of Denmark
2365:Frederick II of Denmark
1259:and (for thirty years)
892:colony in Ceylon failed
743:, who succeeded to the
652:Margrave of Brandenburg
557:Christoffer Valkendorff
356:Frederick II of Denmark
5063:II. Independent Norway
3765:at the website of the
2640:Frederick I of Denmark
2280:Frederick I of Denmark
1950:With his second wife,
1947:
1863:
1842:Issue and private life
1645:. Christian converted
1442:Elizabeth I of England
1397:, who was victim of a
1371:
1284:
1182:
1140:
1081:
1073:
1047:through their mother,
1035:
835:
795:, accompanied only by
696:
675:
580:
531:
466:Christian was born at
463:
455:Frederiksborg Castle,
286:Sophie Elisabeth Pentz
5400:Possession of Denmark
4847:Haakon III Sverresson
4820:Eystein II Haraldsson
4795:Sigurd I the Crusader
4644:Foreign and non-royal
4639:I. Independent Norway
4326:Eric VII of Pomerania
4155:Eric II the Memorable
3761:14 March 2015 at the
3009:. kongernessamling.dk
2052:Hans Ulrik Gyldenløve
1938:
1900:Stillborn son (1598).
1892:With his first wife,
1849:
1622:the Copenhagen naval
1452:, was married to the
1369:
1282:
1222:action of 16 May 1644
1177:
1134:
1127:Containment of Sweden
1020:
969:Archdiocese of Bremen
829:
686:
669:
569:
516:
454:
326:Hans Ulrik Gyldenløve
128:Supervisor of Hamburg
5261:Possession of Norway
4864:Haakon IV Haakonsson
4765:Magnus II Haraldsson
4652:monarchs in brackets
4236:Valdemar IV Atterdag
4173:Valdemar I the Great
3346:Press. p. 166.
3239:Larsen, Kay (1907).
2667:Elizabeth of Denmark
2213:improve this section
1866:His first queen was
1831:Frederiksborg Castle
1776:1634: The Baltic War
1756:is named after him.
1750:Christian IV Glacier
1647:Frederiksborg Castle
1615:, workers' district
1520:, a planned commune.
1518:Freetown Christiania
1448:. His other sister,
1405:on 9 November 1641.
1362:Last years and death
1292:), one copper mine (
1178:Christian IV at the
1137:Karel van Mander III
1045:Elizabeth of Bohemia
1001:compact of Steinburg
741:James VI of Scotland
628:Danish Crown Regalia
597:Council of the Realm
561:Queen Dowager Sophie
526:History painting by
518:At the death bed of
468:Frederiksborg Castle
162:Frederiksborg Palace
101:Copenhagen Cathedral
5559:Protestant monarchs
5253:Monarchs of Iceland
5083:Christian Frederick
4896:Haakon VI Magnusson
4891:Magnus VII Ericsson
4837:Magnus V Erlingsson
4805:Magnus IV the Blind
4790:Eystein I Magnusson
4780:Magnus III Barefoot
4760:Harald III Hardrada
4682:Harald II Greycloak
4341:Palatinate-Neumarkt
4221:Eric Christoffersen
4135:Canute IV the Saint
3992:Monarchs of Denmark
3653:Treaty of the Hague
3508:"Asiatisk Kompagni"
3159:Court of King James
2922:Bain, Robert Nisbet
2699:Sophie of Pomerania
2578:Anna of Brandenburg
2339:Anna of Brandenburg
1643:Holy Trinity Church
1567:in Southern Norway.
1249:Treaty of Brömsebro
1194:Lennart Torstensson
1032:Adrian van de Venne
873:Churchill, Manitoba
503:union of the crowns
499:hereditary monarchy
306:Christiane Sehested
146:Sebastian of Bergen
5514:Dukes of Schleswig
5444:Kingdom of Iceland
4901:Olaf IV Haakonsson
4886:Haakon V Magnusson
4853:Guttorm Sigurdsson
4775:Haakon Toresfostre
4585:monarch of Iceland
4571:monarch of England
4564:monarchs of Norway
4192:Eric IV Plough-tax
4187:Valdemar the Young
4125:Sweyn II Estridsen
4030:Harald I Bluetooth
3948:Holstein-Pinneberg
3808:House of Oldenburg
3734:Scocozza, Benito,
3704:Lockhart, Paul D.
3697:Lockhart, Paul D.
3493:Sara Jayne Steen,
3405:Torstensson-krigen
3304:Paul D. Lockhart,
2839:Paul D. Lockhart,
2826:Paul D. Lockhart,
2155:Bertel Thorvaldsen
2140:Bertel Thorvaldsen
2042:Karen Andersdatter
2027:Kirsten Madsdatter
1948:
1864:
1730:House of Oldenburg
1717:Danish Royal House
1418:Roskilde Cathedral
1372:
1302:Røros Copper Works
1285:
1183:
1141:
1117:siege of Stralsund
1097:Holy Roman Emperor
1065:Schleswig-Holstein
1036:
894:, but instead the
836:
750:Sir John Harington
697:
676:
616:Church of Our Lady
581:
532:
464:
419:House of Oldenburg
189:Roskilde Cathedral
5519:Dukes of Holstein
5461:
5460:
5219:
5218:
5186:
5185:
5143:
5142:
5096:Union with Sweden
5090:
5089:
5057:
5056:
4974:
4973:
4909:
4908:
4881:Eric II Magnusson
4842:Sverre Sigurdsson
4826:Magnus Haraldsson
4815:Inge I Haraldsson
4755:Magnus I the Good
4724:Olaf II the Saint
4712:Eiríkr Hákonarson
4700:Olaf I Tryggvason
4694:Haakon Sigurdsson
4677:Haakon I the Good
4667:Harald I Fairhair
4653:
4594:
4593:
4578:monarch of Sweden
4551:
4550:
4366:
4365:
4335:
4334:
4304:
4303:
4275:
4274:
4244:
4243:
4104:
4103:
4064:
4063:
3959:
3958:
3953:Duchy of Holstein
3915:Succeeded by
3855:Succeeded by
3756:The Royal Lineage
3744:978-87-567-7633-2
3624:Geoffrey Parker,
3475:. copenhagenet.dk
3453:on 8 January 2018
3425:"History of Oslo"
3353:978-0-19-927121-4
3344:Oxford University
2744:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2249:
2248:
2241:
2004:Hannibal Sehested
1800:Music and Silence
1663:Asiatisk Kompagni
1639:Trinitatis Church
1630:, a brewery, the
1626:(Holmens Kirke),
1384:Hannibal Sehested
1336:Akershus Fortress
1196:, advancing from
1154:Hannibal Sehested
1023:Thirty Years' War
1013:Thirty Years' War
1007:Thirty Years' War
957:Thirty Years' War
861:Northwest Passage
806:Antonio Foscarini
739:had married King
731:Visits to England
725:Dutch Renaissance
648:Joachim Friedrich
624:Bishop of Zealand
495:elective monarchy
428:Thirty Years' War
393:
392:
18:King Christian IV
16:(Redirected from
5566:
5246:
5239:
5232:
5223:
5222:
5160:
5159:
5121:Charles III John
5107:
5106:
5074:
5073:
4991:
4990:
4926:
4925:
4870:Haakon the Young
4859:Inge II Bårdsson
4718:Sweyn Haakonsson
4688:Harald Bluetooth
4657:
4656:
4643:
4621:
4614:
4607:
4598:
4597:
4377:
4376:
4346:
4345:
4315:
4314:
4284:
4283:
4255:
4254:
4232:
4165:Sweyn III Grathe
4115:
4114:
4084:
4083:
4072:
4010:
4005:
4004:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3962:
3961:
3930:Preceded by
3865:Preceded by
3834:Preceded by
3824:
3823:28 February 1648
3817:
3799:
3798:
3790:
3782:
3731:
3685:
3679:
3674:Treaty of Bremen
3670:
3664:
3658:
3649:
3643:
3634:
3628:
3622:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3597:
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3520:
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3498:
3491:
3485:
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3469:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3443:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3421:
3415:
3407:", pp. 658–659.
3401:
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3333:
3327:
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3293:
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3251:
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3244:
3236:
3230:
3229:(1&2): 19–40
3220:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3194:
3188:
3181:
3175:
3168:
3162:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
3132:John S. Brewer,
3130:
3124:
3115:John S. Brewer,
3113:
3107:
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3081:
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3019:
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2911:
2905:
2858:
2857:
2850:
2844:
2837:
2831:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2810:
2748:Titles and style
2261:
2260:
2252:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2233:
2230:
2224:
2193:
2185:
2165:
2150:
2135:
2123:
2111:
2099:
2087:
1944:Jacob van Doordt
1835:Rosenborg Castle
1816:"King Christian"
1705:
1685:
1613:Rosenborg Castle
1566:
1554:Christian(s)sand
1460:City foundations
1356:Danish-Norwegian
1121:Treaty of Lübeck
1093:Battle of Lutter
950:Treaty of Knäred
672:Abraham Wuchters
646:, a daughter of
573:History painting
551:council members
461:
458:
447:Birth and family
417:A member of the
389:
262:
244:
242:
222:
220:
178:Rosenborg Castle
174:
171:28 February 1648
60:
51:
39:
38:
21:
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5464:
5463:
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5457:
5438:
5394:
5255:
5250:
5220:
5215:
5211:Swedish monarch
5205:English monarch
5182:
5158:
5139:
5105:
5086:
5072:
5053:
4989:
4970:
4924:
4905:
4800:Harald IV Gille
4736:Haakon Ericsson
4706:Sweyn Forkbeard
4672:Eric I Bloodaxe
4651:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4633:
4625:
4595:
4590:
4547:
4510:
4500:
4383:
4362:
4331:
4300:
4271:
4240:
4230:
4207:Eric V Klipping
4145:Eric I Evergood
4100:
4095:Magnus the Good
4073:
4060:
3994:
3989:
3951:
3950:merged into the
3949:
3943:
3935:
3925:
3921:
3904:
3895:
3885:
3883:
3875:
3870:
3860:
3851:
3844:King of Denmark
3839:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3804:
3777:
3767:Danish Monarchy
3763:Wayback Machine
3752:
3728:
3694:
3692:Further reading
3689:
3688:
3677:
3671:
3667:
3656:
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3646:
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3169:
3165:
3156:
3152:
3144:
3140:
3131:
3127:
3114:
3110:
3101:
3097:
3089:Martin Butler,
3088:
3084:
3074:
3072:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3052:
3050:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3035:British Library
3026:
3022:
3012:
3010:
3007:"Dirich Fyring"
3005:
3004:
3000:
2989:", pp. 99–100.
2984:
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2909:
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2802:
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2245:
2234:
2228:
2225:
2210:
2194:
2183:
2176:
2170:Gustav II Adolf
2166:
2157:
2151:
2142:
2136:
2127:
2124:
2115:
2112:
2103:
2100:
2091:
2088:
2079:
1978:Corfitz Ulfeldt
1844:
1814:in their song,
1762:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1698:
1697:
1686:
1675:
1655:Kronborg Castle
1560:
1462:
1446:Arbella Stewart
1426:
1412:to his beloved
1380:Corfitz Ulfeldt
1364:
1344:
1277:
1275:Norwegian issue
1172:
1166:
1150:Corfitz Ulfeldt
1129:
1101:Catholic League
1049:Anne of Denmark
1026:
1015:
1009:
926:
920:
869:Churchill River
832:Roland Crappé's
824:
814:
797:Andrew Sinclair
767:Elizabeth Jonas
733:
703:engineers. The
681:
664:
656:Duke of Prussia
640:
586:
571:
536:regency council
525:
511:
484:John of Denmark
459:
449:
444:
400:King of Denmark
335:
311:Hedevig Ulfeldt
284:
259:among others...
256:
255:
247:
246:
243: 1615)
238:
234:
224:
216:
212:
209:
191:
176:
172:
160:
99:
80:
68:King of Denmark
62:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5572:
5562:
5561:
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5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5459:
5458:
5456:
5455:
5449:
5447:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5431:
5429:Frederick VIII
5426:
5421:
5416:
5414:Christian VIII
5411:
5405:
5403:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5266:
5264:
5257:
5256:
5249:
5248:
5241:
5234:
5226:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5207:
5201:
5199:Danish monarch
5195:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5164:
5157:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5145:
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5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5111:
5104:
5103:
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5098:
5092:
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5088:
5087:
5085:
5080:
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5071:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5059:
5058:
5055:
5054:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4995:
4988:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4980:Denmark–Norway
4976:
4975:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4930:
4923:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4911:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4810:Sigurd II Munn
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4785:Olav Magnusson
4782:
4777:
4772:
4770:Olaf III Kyrre
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4742:Sweyn Knutsson
4726:
4721:
4702:
4697:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4663:
4661:
4654:
4635:
4634:
4624:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4601:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4523:Frederick VIII
4520:
4514:
4512:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4493:
4490:Christian VIII
4486:
4479:
4472:
4465:
4458:
4451:
4444:
4437:
4430:
4423:
4416:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4387:
4385:
4374:
4368:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4352:
4350:
4343:
4337:
4336:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4321:
4319:
4312:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4298:
4290:
4288:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4273:
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4269:
4261:
4259:
4252:
4246:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4217:Christopher II
4214:
4212:Eric VI Menved
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4180:
4175:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4130:Harald III Hen
4127:
4121:
4119:
4112:
4106:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4090:
4088:
4081:
4075:
4074:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4058:
4057:(Harthacanute)
4052:
4045:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4021:
4014:
4012:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3988:
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3830:
3829:Regnal titles
3826:
3825:
3805:
3802:
3797:
3796:
3791:
3775:
3769:
3751:
3750:External links
3748:
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3726:
3709:
3702:
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3690:
3687:
3686:
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3644:
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3601:"Christian IV"
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3231:
3215:
3189:
3176:
3163:
3157:J. S. Brewer,
3150:
3138:
3125:
3108:
3102:John Nichols,
3095:
3082:
3060:
3038:
3020:
2998:
2963:
2941:
2930:Chisholm, Hugh
2859:
2854:"Oslo History"
2845:
2832:
2819:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2754:Denmark-Norway
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2016:
2013:
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1981:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1933:
1932:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1904:
1901:
1868:Anne Catherine
1862:, c. 1612
1860:Pieter Isaacsz
1852:Anne Catherine
1843:
1840:
1839:
1838:
1819:
1808:
1795:
1786:
1761:
1758:
1726:Denmark-Norway
1707:
1700:
1699:
1687:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1628:Proviantgården
1602:stock exchange
1594:
1593:
1582:Christianspris
1575:
1574:
1568:
1551:
1533:
1521:
1514:Christianshavn
1511:
1497:
1487:
1461:
1458:
1425:
1422:
1363:
1360:
1343:
1340:
1276:
1273:
1170:Torstenson War
1168:Main article:
1165:
1164:Torstenson War
1162:
1128:
1125:
1057:Charles Morgan
1011:Main article:
1008:
1005:
1003:in July 1621.
922:Main article:
919:
916:
853:Dano-Norwegian
813:
810:
801:Thomas Cardell
776:Robert Mansell
745:English throne
732:
729:
713:peasant levies
680:
677:
663:
660:
639:
636:
585:
582:
510:
507:
476:Denmark–Norway
448:
445:
443:
440:
423:Denmark-Norway
391:
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383:
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98:29 August 1596
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55:Pieter Isaacsz
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26:
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3:
2:
5571:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5554:Sons of kings
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5441:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5419:Frederick VII
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5385:Christian VII
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5360:Frederick III
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5345:Christian III
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5315:Christopher I
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
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5262:
5258:
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5228:
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5224:
5212:
5208:
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5196:
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5189:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5161:
5155:
5154:
5152:
5150:
5146:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5108:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5093:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5064:
5060:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5045:Christian VII
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5020:Frederick III
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5005:Christian III
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4992:
4986:
4985:
4983:
4981:
4977:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4952:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4927:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4916:
4912:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4871:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4854:
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4827:
4823:
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4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
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4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4744:
4743:
4738:
4737:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4695:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4658:
4655:
4649:
4640:
4636:
4632:
4629:
4622:
4617:
4615:
4610:
4608:
4603:
4602:
4599:
4586:
4582:
4579:
4575:
4572:
4568:
4565:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4554:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4509:
4508:
4503:
4497:
4496:Frederick VII
4494:
4492:
4491:
4487:
4485:
4484:
4480:
4478:
4477:
4476:Christian VII
4473:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4452:
4450:
4449:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4441:Frederick III
4438:
4436:
4435:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4420:Christian III
4417:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4408:
4407:
4403:
4401:
4400:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4382:
4381:Senior branch
4378:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4359:
4358:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4338:
4328:
4327:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4307:
4297:
4296:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4282:
4278:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4237:
4234:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4202:Christopher I
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4160:Eric III Lamb
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4140:Olaf I Hunger
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4107:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4076:
4071:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3986:
3981:
3979:
3974:
3972:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3955:
3954:
3946:
3942:
3941:
3934:
3928:
3924:
3919:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3907:Frederick III
3903:
3900:
3899:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3882:
3881:
3874:
3869:
3863:
3859:
3858:Frederick III
3850:
3849:
3845:
3838:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3816:12 April 1577
3815:
3810:
3809:
3800:
3795:
3792:
3788:
3787:
3781:
3776:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3753:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3727:87-567-5772-7
3723:
3719:
3715:
3710:
3707:
3703:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3683:
3675:
3669:
3662:
3654:
3648:
3641:
3639:
3633:
3627:
3621:
3606:
3602:
3596:
3580:
3573:
3557:
3550:
3548:
3531:
3525:
3509:
3503:
3496:
3490:
3474:
3468:
3452:
3448:
3442:
3426:
3420:
3414:
3413:87-12-04259-5
3410:
3406:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3389:
3388:87-12-04259-5
3385:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3355:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3332:
3323:
3314:
3307:
3301:
3282:
3275:
3267:
3265:9788763530231
3261:
3257:
3250:
3242:
3235:
3228:
3225:
3219:
3203:
3201:
3193:
3186:
3183:Allen Hinds,
3180:
3173:
3170:Allen Hinds,
3167:
3160:
3154:
3147:
3142:
3135:
3129:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3105:
3099:
3092:
3086:
3070:
3064:
3048:
3042:
3036:
3032:
3030:
3024:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2995:87-12-04259-5
2992:
2988:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2951:
2945:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2927:
2926:Christian IV.
2923:
2918:
2917:public domain
2904:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2855:
2849:
2842:
2836:
2829:
2823:
2816:. 5 May 2023.
2815:
2809:
2805:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
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2700:
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2641:
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2605:
2599:
2598:
2595:
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2582:
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2573:
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2568:
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2531:
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2428:
2422:
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2418:
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2412:
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2402:
2396:
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2378:
2377:
2372:
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2366:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2355:
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2349:
2344:
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2340:
2334:
2333:
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2329:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2275:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2243:
2240:
2232:
2229:February 2016
2222:
2218:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2198:This section
2196:
2192:
2187:
2186:
2175:
2171:
2164:
2159:
2156:
2149:
2144:
2141:
2134:
2129:
2122:
2117:
2110:
2105:
2098:
2093:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1919:Frederick III
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1848:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1744:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1704:
1695:
1691:
1684:
1670:
1668:
1667:Dutch company
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1632:Tøjhus Museum
1629:
1625:
1624:Holmen Church
1621:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1572:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1558:Agdesiden len
1555:
1552:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1540:Akershus slot
1537:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1490:Christianstad
1488:
1485:
1481:
1480:Christianopel
1478:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1469:head of state
1467:
1457:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1430:William Brade
1424:Cultural king
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:Frederiksborg
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1391:Burning Times
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1368:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1191:Field Marshal
1188:
1187:Privy Council
1181:
1176:
1171:
1161:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1138:
1133:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
953:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
925:
915:
913:
909:
905:
904:Fort Dansborg
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
863:, arrived in
862:
858:
854:
850:
845:
841:
833:
828:
823:
819:
809:
807:
802:
798:
794:
793:Denmark House
789:
787:
783:
782:
777:
773:
769:
768:
763:
759:
755:
751:
746:
742:
738:
728:
726:
722:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
694:
690:
685:
673:
668:
659:
657:
653:
649:
645:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
608:
606:
602:
601:haandfæstning
598:
595:In 1595, the
593:
591:
578:
574:
568:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
549:
544:
541:
537:
529:
523:
521:
515:
506:
504:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
453:
439:
437:
433:
429:
424:
420:
415:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
388:
384:
380:
377:
374:
370:
367:
364:
360:
357:
354:
350:
347:
344:
342:
338:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
266:
264:
261:
260:
254:
250:
233:
226:
225:
208:
201:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
179:
170:
166:
163:
159:12 April 1577
158:
154:
150:
147:
144:
140:
136:
132:
129:
125:
122:
121:Frederick III
119:
115:
112:
109:
105:
102:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
78:
73:
69:
65:
56:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5424:Christian IX
5409:Frederick VI
5390:Frederick VI
5375:Christian VI
5370:Frederick IV
5355:Christian IV
5354:
5350:Frederick II
5335:Christian II
5050:Frederick VI
5035:Christian VI
5030:Frederick IV
5015:Christian IV
5014:
5010:Frederick II
4967:Christian II
4949:
4915:Kalmar Union
4746:
4740:
4734:
4728:
4716:
4710:
4704:
4692:
4686:
4647:
4559:
4538:Margrethe II
4518:Christian IX
4505:
4488:
4483:Frederick VI
4481:
4474:
4467:
4462:Christian VI
4460:
4455:Frederick IV
4453:
4446:
4439:
4434:Christian IV
4433:
4432:
4427:Frederick II
4425:
4418:
4411:
4406:Christian II
4404:
4397:
4390:
4380:
4355:
4324:
4293:
4264:
4226:Valdemar III
4093:
4047:
4035:
4028:
4024:Gorm the Old
4020:(Harthacnut)
3947:
3938:
3910:
3905:
3901:
3896:
3892:
3886:
3878:
3868:Frederick II
3842:
3837:Frederick II
3820:
3813:
3806:
3784:
3772:Christian IV
3736:Christian IV
3735:
3717:
3713:
3705:
3698:
3681:
3668:
3660:
3647:
3637:
3632:
3625:
3620:
3608:. Retrieved
3604:
3595:
3583:. Retrieved
3572:
3560:. Retrieved
3534:. Retrieved
3524:
3512:. Retrieved
3502:
3494:
3489:
3477:. Retrieved
3467:
3455:. Retrieved
3451:the original
3441:
3429:. Retrieved
3419:
3404:
3380:Kejserkrigen
3379:
3357:. Retrieved
3338:
3331:
3322:
3313:
3305:
3300:
3288:. Retrieved
3274:
3255:
3249:
3240:
3234:
3226:
3223:
3218:
3206:. Retrieved
3199:
3192:
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3141:
3133:
3128:
3120:
3116:
3111:
3103:
3098:
3090:
3085:
3073:. Retrieved
3063:
3051:. Retrieved
3041:
3028:
3023:
3011:. Retrieved
3001:
2987:Christian 4.
2986:
2954:. Retrieved
2944:
2933:
2848:
2840:
2835:
2827:
2822:
2808:
2751:
2481:
2235:
2226:
2211:Please help
2199:
2069:(1630–1658).
2060:Vibeke Kruse
2057:
2054:(1615–1645).
2039:
2036:(1611–1640).
2024:
1952:Kirsten Munk
1949:
1940:Kirsten Munk
1891:
1883:Vibeke Kruse
1879:
1876:
1872:Kirsten Munk
1865:
1856:Prince-Elect
1827:Kirsten Munk
1805:Rose Tremain
1798:
1789:
1780:
1774:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1721:Margrethe II
1714:
1662:
1619:
1595:
1576:
1548:The Quarters
1547:
1543:
1525:Konningsberg
1524:
1463:
1438:John Dowland
1427:
1407:
1395:Maren Spliid
1388:
1375:
1373:
1345:
1329:
1318:
1286:
1234:
1229:
1206:
1184:
1158:
1142:
1135:Portrait by
1113:
1086:
1082:Keiserkrigen
1074:Kejserkrigen
1062:
1037:
954:
929:
927:
895:
881:
837:
790:
785:
779:
771:
765:
762:Upnor Castle
734:
721:mercantilist
717:
698:
689:Kompagnietor
688:
670:Portrait by
641:
609:
594:
590:Sorø Academy
587:
546:
533:
517:
492:
488:Christian II
472:Frederick II
465:
435:
416:
412:Scandinavian
396:Christian IV
395:
394:
257:
232:Kirsten Munk
173:(1648-02-28)
111:Frederick II
53:Portrait by
42:Christian IV
36:
5484:1648 deaths
5479:1577 births
5446:(1918–1944)
5434:Christian X
5402:(1814–1918)
5380:Frederick V
5365:Christian V
5340:Frederick I
5325:Christian I
5263:(1262–1814)
5040:Frederick V
5025:Christian V
5000:Frederick I
4957:Christian I
4945:Christopher
4628:Monarchs of
4533:Frederik IX
4528:Christian X
4469:Frederick V
4448:Christian V
4413:Frederick I
4392:Christian I
4295:Margrethe I
4231:Interregnum
3911:(1616–1648)
3902:(1590–1616)
3893:(1588–1590)
3427:. visitoslo
3382:", p. 352.
3204:. Ub.uit.no
3013:1 September
2794:Delmenhorst
2788:, count of
2758:all Denmark
1771:David Weber
1719:recognized
1651:Renaissance
1561: [
1544:Kvadraturen
1536:Christiania
1237:Bay of Kiel
981:Protestants
735:His sister
605:Magna Carta
460: 1585
442:Early years
436:Christiania
107:Predecessor
5468:Categories
5305:Margaret I
5290:Magnus VII
5169:Haakon VII
5163:Since 1905
5131:Charles IV
5116:Charles II
4650:, disputed
4646:rulers in
4543:Frederik X
4511:since 1863
4507:Glücksburg
4055:Canute III
4011:916 – 1042
3898:John Adolf
3852:1588–1648
3678:(in Dutch)
3657:(in Dutch)
3605:umafilm.dk
3585:15 January
3562:15 January
2800:References
2772:, duke of
1767:Eric Flint
1760:In fiction
1690:Stortorvet
1500:Glückstadt
1414:Copenhagen
1399:witch hunt
1269:Härjedalen
1146:Sound Dues
983:after the
938:Kalmar War
934:Baltic Sea
924:Kalmar War
918:Kalmar War
900:Tranquebar
884:Ove Gjedde
865:Hudson Bay
849:James Hall
816:See also:
620:Copenhagen
577:Otto Bache
553:Peder Munk
548:Rigsraadet
543:Niels Kaas
540:chancellor
528:Carl Bloch
520:Niels Kaas
509:Young king
94:Coronation
5320:Charles I
5295:Haakon VI
5275:Magnus VI
5270:Haakon IV
5110:1814–1905
5077:Only 1814
4994:1524–1814
4951:Charles I
4929:1387–1523
4384:1448–1863
4372:Oldenburg
4349:1440–1448
4318:1397–1439
4310:Pomerania
4287:1376–1412
4280:Estridsen
4258:1376–1387
4178:Canute VI
4118:1047–1375
4110:Estridsen
4087:1042–1047
4049:Canute II
4043:Harald II
4000:Knýtlinga
3884:1588–1648
3581:. Reuters
3536:17 August
3514:15 August
3479:15 August
3457:15 August
3431:15 August
3075:15 August
3053:15 August
2956:15 August
2924:(1911). "
2790:Oldenburg
2774:Schleswig
2200:does not
1907:Christian
1854:with the
1754:Greenland
1609:Kastellet
1598:Rundetårn
1586:Schleswig
1584:, now in
1450:Elizabeth
1434:John Bull
1376:Rigsrådet
1332:Kongsberg
1306:Geheimrat
1298:Trøndelag
1290:Kongsberg
1078:Norwegian
1028:Grisaille
989:Frederick
977:appanages
930:Rigsrådet
857:Jens Munk
778:with the
754:Theobalds
709:mercenary
693:Flensburg
632:Nuremberg
414:history.
382:Signature
346:Oldenburg
137:1621–1625
117:Successor
5310:Eric III
5285:Haakon V
5179:Harald V
5136:Oscar II
4940:Eric III
4935:Margaret
4660:872–1387
4169:Canute V
4079:Fairhair
4018:Сanute I
3759:Archived
3558:. People
3359:7 August
2796:, etc."
2786:Ditmarsh
2782:Stormarn
2778:Holstein
2768:and the
2181:Ancestry
2174:Halmstad
1735:Elverhøj
1508:Holstein
1484:Blekinge
1352:Finnmark
1325:Buskerud
1314:Akershus
1265:Jämtland
1099:and the
997:Holstein
963:and the
784:and the
781:Vanguard
638:Marriage
376:Lutheran
372:Religion
5300:Olaf IV
5280:Eric II
5126:Oscar I
4748:Ælfgifu
4648:italics
4560:Italics
4266:Olaf II
4037:Sweyn I
3789:. 1879.
3738:, 2006
3208:28 June
2932:(ed.).
2919::
2830:(2007).
2221:removed
2206:sources
2077:Gallery
1946:, 1623.
1887:Jutland
1635:arsenal
1617:Nyboder
1504:Hamburg
1358:crown.
1261:Halland
1253:Gotland
1245:Lolland
1241:Fehmarn
1230:Trinity
1202:Jutland
1198:Bohemia
1109:Jutland
1091:in the
1040:Øresund
1034:, 1643.
999:by the
772:Admiral
727:style.
622:by the
614:at the
612:crowned
579:, 1887.
530:, 1880.
245:
237:
223:
215:
211:
196:Spouses
77:more...
5330:John I
5194:Regent
5174:Olav V
4739:&
4733:&
4715:&
4709:&
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4631:Norway
4250:Bjälbo
3933:Otto V
3889:Philip
3873:Philip
3848:Norway
3819:
3742:
3724:
3610:28 May
3411:
3386:
3350:
3290:7 July
3262:
2993:
2928:". In
2913:
2843:(1996)
2784:, and
2764:, the
2762:Norway
2282:(=#14)
1983:Count
1673:Legacy
1605:Børsen
1600:, the
1466:Nordic
1210:Scania
1139:, 1640
1070:Danish
993:Verden
942:Kalmar
888:Ceylon
877:scurvy
674:, 1638
404:Norway
362:Mother
352:Father
279:Ulrich
184:Burial
72:Norway
5209:Also
5203:Also
5197:Also
4583:Also
4576:Also
4569:Also
4150:Niels
3944:1640
3887:with
3821:Died:
3814:Born:
3716:[
3284:(PDF)
2770:Wends
2766:Goths
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2058:With
2040:With
2025:With
1925:Ulrik
1743:Latin
1649:to a
1571:Røros
1565:]
1494:Skåne
1473:realm
1348:Troms
1321:Eiker
1294:Røros
1218:Funen
1214:Malmö
965:Weser
896:Nayak
701:Dutch
662:Reign
341:House
253:Issue
239:(
235:
217:(
213:
142:Mayor
134:Reign
85:Reign
4962:John
4730:Cnut
4399:John
4197:Abel
3920:and
3871:and
3846:and
3740:ISBN
3722:ISBN
3612:2022
3587:2024
3564:2024
3538:2023
3516:2016
3481:2016
3459:2016
3433:2016
3409:ISBN
3384:ISBN
3361:2009
3348:ISBN
3292:2013
3260:ISBN
3210:2014
3077:2016
3055:2016
3015:2016
2991:ISBN
2958:2016
2792:and
2760:and
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2638:14.
2576:13.
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2399:10.
2204:any
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