42:
1244:
Lu, Yong; Guo, Chenhong; Liu, Qiji; Zhang, Xiyu; Cheng, Lin; Li, Jiangxia; Chen, Bingxi; Gao, Guimin; Zhou, Haibin; Guo, Yishou; Li, Yefu; Gong, Yaoqin (2003-03-21). "A novel mutation of keratin 9 in epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma combined with knuckle pads".
181:
Knuckle pads can also be acquired subsequent to trauma. In sports like boxers and swimmers, as well as in some occupations like carpet layers, secondary knuckle pads are well-documented. Knuckle pads have also been reported in individuals suffering from
124:(MCP) joints. Knuckle pads are often asymptomatic, painless, and progressive in their growth, reaching their final size of up to 40 mm in diameter. They also do not cause any functional impact on the joints, such as decreased flexibility or altered
111:
Knuckle pads are benign subcutaneous fibrotic nodules that are seen in the finger joints and/or the extensor area of the foot. From a clinical perspective, these are well-defined, non-compressible, freely moveable lesions that resemble
281:
In the lack of targeted and efficacious treatments, a stressful wait-and-see strategy is typically advised. Surgery has also been utilized, though typically without producing a change in appearance. Potential adverse effects include
1383:
1368:
1353:
1105:
CAROLI, A.; ZANASI, S.; MARCUZZI, A.; GUERRA, D.; CRISTIANI, G.; RONCHETTI, I. PASQUALI (1991). "Epidemiological and
Structural Findings Supporting the Fibromatous Origin of Dorsal Knuckle Pads".
293:
A small number of treatments have shown promise recently, but they are frequently moderately to highly invasive and are primarily based on case reports. Intralesional
854:
Kelenjian, Shinorik; Mattjie, Rebeca
Assuncao; Franz, Regina; Biedermann, Tilo; Brockow, Knut (2019). "Clinical features and management of superficial fibromatoses".
648:
Hasbún, Catalina; Sandoval, Mauricio; Curi, Maximiliano (2019-03-18). "A novel treatment for idiopathic knuckle pads with cantharidin-podophylotoxin-salicylic acid".
324:
If the insult that caused the acquired knuckle pads is removed, it should heal in a matter of months, similar to what happens in cases of repetitive trauma.
80:, fibrous thickening that may develop at any age, and grow to be 10 to 15mm in diameter in the course of a few weeks or months, then go away over time.
1765:
1503:
1185:"Successful treatment of idiopathic knuckle pads with a combination of high-dose salicylic acid and urea topical keratolytics: A case report"
819:
Barrick, Carl; Moran, Joshua; Oram, Christian; Purcell, Stephen (2018). "Acrokeratoelastoidosis and knuckle pads coexisting in a child".
1282:
Peterson, Christopher M.; Barnes, Cheryl J.; Davis, Loretta S. (2000). "Knuckle Pads: Does
Knuckle Cracking Play an Etiologic Role?".
1024:
Calikoğlu, Emel (2003). "Pseudo-knuckle pads: an unusual cutaneous sign of obsessive-compulsive disorder in an adolescent patient".
1963:
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73:
1755:
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1398:
1638:
399:
183:
608:
Tamborrini, Giorgio; Gengenbacher, Michael; Bianchi, Stefano (2012-12-30). "Knuckle pads – a rare finding".
151:
1968:
1489:
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The diagnosis of knuckle pads is clinical. The differential diagnosis includes retained foreign objects,
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419:
121:
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41:
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117:
1933:
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538:
Weiss, E; Amini, S (2007). "A Novel
Treatment for Knuckle Pads With Intralesional Fluorouracil".
258:
171:
99:, and tend to recur after surgery; however, there has been some effectiveness with intralesional
1901:
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improve the information-gathering process and lower the possibility of a misdiagnosis.
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762:
Chandler, Zachary; Seamon, Kimberly; Ramsubeik, Karishma; Kaeley, Gurjit (2022).
551:
338:
306:
187:
1815:
1615:
1589:
1551:
1414:
946:
Dickens, Rio; Adams, Brian B.; Mutasim, Diya F. (2002). "Sports-related pads".
314:
310:
270:
178:
are among the hereditary syndromes in which knuckle pads may be observed.
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Herold, Manfred; Russe-Wilflingseder, Katharina; Longo, Leonardo (2010).
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661:
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1420:
262:
235:
65:
56:
1469:
95:. Knuckle pads are generally non-responsive to treatment, including
1623:
215:
145:
1183:
Sogliani, Davide; Mura, Chiara; Tamborrini, Giorgio (2021-04-13).
321:
have all been successfully applied, according to certain authors.
1425:
249:
Knuckle pads show up as noncompressible, dome-shaped, hypoechoic
92:
1403:
136:
Since the pathogenesis is yet unclear, knuckle pads are usually
1874:
1372:
1357:
897:
Gönül, Müzeyyen; Gül, Ülker; Hizli, Pelin; Hizli, Ömer (2012).
853:
287:
125:
575:
1059:
Nenoff, Pietro; Woitek, Gerald (2011-06-23). "Knuckle Pads".
761:
700:
De
Keersmaeker, Alexander; Vanhoenacker, Filip (2016-07-12).
607:
290:, post-operative loss of joint flexibility, and recurrences.
69:
318:
283:
211:
113:
1104:
699:
1148:
Paller, Amy S. (1986-09-01). "Knuckle Pads in
Children".
903:
Indian
Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
578:
Knuckle Pads—A common problem but good to treat by Laser
818:
1182:
812:
764:"A case of knuckle pad syndrome in a middle-aged man"
1335:
1017:
257:
and as peripheral or nonexistent vascularization on
945:
856:
Journal der
Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft
392:
1100:
1098:
896:
757:
755:
695:
693:
691:
689:
687:
647:
616:(51). Medical Communications Sp. z.o.o.: 493–498.
140:. They are a fibromatous illness characterized by
1766:Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration
413:
411:
389:
64:lizard for which it is named, are circumscribed,
1955:
1150:Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
989:Kanerva, L. (1998). "Knuckle pads from boxing".
580:. AIP Conference Proceedings. pp. 179–183.
265:, the pads show enhanced proliferation of (myo-)
1095:
752:
684:
116:and primarily affect the dorsal portion of the
1176:
1156:(9). American Medical Association (AMA): 915.
939:
603:
601:
599:
597:
595:
474:
408:
1497:
890:
643:
641:
639:
358:Mackey, SL; Cobb, MW (1994). "Knuckle pads".
76:. They are described as well-defined, round,
1058:
847:
1247:American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A
1067:(25). Massachusetts Medical Society: 2451.
1052:
706:Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology
592:
470:
468:
83:Knuckle pads are sometimes associated with
1504:
1490:
636:
537:
390:James, WD; Berger, TG; Elston, DM (2005).
357:
40:
1511:
1216:
1023:
914:
795:
727:
717:
475:Meinecke, R; Lagier, R (September 1975).
417:
385:
383:
381:
1552:Stenosing tenosynovitis (Trigger finger)
1141:
465:
394:(11th ed.). Saunders. p. 595.
988:
571:
569:
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
1956:
1147:
982:
378:
351:
160:epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma
91:, and histologically, the lesions are
1485:
420:"Knuckle Pads in Dupuytren's Disease"
230:. When a diagnosis is unclear, plain
106:
60:, meaning similar to the skin of the
1162:10.1001/archpedi.1986.02140230085039
948:International Journal of Dermatology
899:"A family of Bart-Pumphrey syndrome"
566:
522:
16:Disease of the skin of human fingers
1756:Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder
1195:(1). PAGEPress Publications: 9072.
418:Mikkelsen, Otto (October 1, 1977).
13:
1237:
960:10.1046/j.1365-4362.2002.01356_3.x
702:"Imaging Features of Knuckle Pads"
14:
1980:
1319:
1113:(3). SAGE Publications: 258–262.
1026:The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
1296:10.1046/j.1525-1470.2000.01819.x
269:, which is frequently linked to
120:(PIP) and, less frequently, the
1964:Dermal and subcutaneous growths
1061:New England Journal of Medicine
991:European Journal of Dermatology
152:Acrokeratoelastoidosis of Costa
909:(2). Scientific Scholar: 178.
1:
1761:Shoulder impingement syndrome
1604:Tenosynovial giant cell tumor
477:"Pathology of "knuckle pads""
436:10.1016/S0072-968X(77)80121-6
344:
184:obsessive-compulsive disorder
1583:Synovial osteochondromatosis
1119:10.1016/0266-7681(91)90049-t
552:10.1001/archderm.143.11.1458
334:List of cutaneous conditions
276:
193:
7:
327:
68:, fibrous growths over the
10:
1985:
712:(1). Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
610:Journal of Ultrasonography
1910:
1873:
1866:
1834:
1789:
1744:
1725:
1704:
1695:
1614:
1528:
1519:
1435:
1339:
729:10067/1343460151162165141
131:
29:
24:
1801:Iliotibial band syndrome
313:, and topical high-dose
242:is not conclusive), and
118:proximal interphalangeal
1934:Aggressive fibromatosis
1924:Dupuytren's contracture
1107:Journal of Hand Surgery
916:10.4103/0378-6323.93636
424:Journal of Hand Surgery
85:Dupuytren's contracture
1598:villonodular synovitis
1073:10.1056/nejmicm1008915
622:10.15557/jou.2012.0037
176:Bart-Pumphrey syndrome
74:interphalangeal joints
1969:Soft tissue disorders
1513:Soft tissue disorders
1290:(6). Wiley: 450–452.
1284:Pediatric Dermatology
1253:(3). Wiley: 345–349.
954:(5). Wiley: 291–293.
768:Clinical Case Reports
656:(4). Wiley: 544–545.
650:Pediatric Dermatology
1929:Plantar fibromatosis
1557:De Quervain syndrome
1259:10.1002/ajmg.a.20090
1201:10.4081/dr.2021.9072
719:10.5334/jbr-btr.1096
172:Ledderhose's disease
168:plantar fibromatosis
1811:Achilles tendinitis
1806:Patellar tendinitis
1577:osteochondromatosis
1564:Transient synovitis
1547:Calcific tendinitis
1189:Dermatology Reports
164:Dupuytren's disease
122:metacarpophalangeal
1712:Ligamentous laxity
1436:External resources
493:10.1007/BF00434037
204:rheumatoid nodules
144:growth leading to
107:Signs and symptoms
1951:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1771:Rotator cuff tear
1691:
1690:
1683:Calcific bursitis
1479:
1478:
868:10.1111/ddg.13808
780:10.1002/ccr3.6740
662:10.1111/pde.13803
586:10.1063/1.3453778
546:(11): 1447–1462.
49:
48:
19:Medical condition
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54:, also known as
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1450:article/1074379
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1238:Further reading
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481:Virchows Archiv
473:
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409:
402:
388:
379:
356:
352:
347:
330:
307:podophyllotoxin
279:
255:ultrasonography
228:Heberdens nodes
196:
188:bulimia nervosa
134:
109:
97:corticosteroids
39:
20:
17:
12:
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1852:
1842:
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1837:other/general:
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1816:Calcaneal spur
1813:
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1776:Golfer's elbow
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1654:Retrocalcaneal
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1590:Plica syndrome
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1340:Classification
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1320:External links
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1032:(4): 348–349.
1016:
997:(5): 359–361.
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862:(4): 393–397.
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827:(5): 344–346.
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315:salicylic acid
311:salicylic acid
278:
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271:hyperkeratosis
220:synovial cysts
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1717:Hypermobility
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1671:Synovial cyst
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1569:Ganglion cyst
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1542:Tenosynovitis
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1912:Fibromatosis
1902:Eosinophilic
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1737:Tendinopathy
1727:Enthesopathy
1676:Baker's cyst
1639:Trochanteric
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1916:contracture
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1875:Fasciopathy
1696:Noncapsular
1644:Subacromial
1634:Prepatellar
1456:Radiopaedia
303:cantharidin
267:fibroblasts
232:radiographs
208:gouty tophi
78:plaque-like
1958:Categories
1850:Tendinosis
1846:Tendinitis
1792:lower limb
1747:upper limb
1732:Enthesitis
1616:Bursopathy
1410:DiseasesDB
514:27 October
457:27 October
345:References
244:ultrasound
240:sonography
142:fibroblast
138:idiopathic
1883:Fasciitis
1826:Bone spur
1664:Iliopsoas
1629:Olecranon
1538:Synovitis
1445:eMedicine
1421:SNOMED CT
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1267:1552-4825
1209:2036-7406
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1127:0266-7681
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277:Treatment
263:histology
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216:xanthomas
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