3987:
712:
166:. This directive sets forth specific requirements regulating the supply and breeding of animals intended for use by testing facilities within the EU. The directive defines 'breeding establishment' as a facility engaged in breeding animals for their use in experiments, and 'supplying establishment' as a facility other than a breeding establishment, which supplies animals for experiments.
169:
Article 15 of the directive requires supplying establishments to obtain animals only from approved breeding or other supplying establishments, "unless the animal has been lawfully imported and is not a feral or stray animal." Nonetheless, the directive allows exemptions from this sourcing requirement
41:
All laboratories using vertebrate lab animals in the United States are required by law to have a licensed veterinarian on staff and to adhere to the NIH Guide for the Use and Care of
Laboratory Animals, which further stipulates that all protocols, including the sources for obtaining the animals, must
96:
told the conference that these institutions pay up to $ 500 for a stolen animal, who is often accompanied by forged documents and fake health certificates. Salinger and
Teddlie argue that the stolen animals may affect research results, because they come from unknown backgrounds and have an uncertain
28:
who supply purpose-bred animals, businesses that trade in wild animals, and dealers who supply animals sourced from pounds, auctions, and newspaper ads. Animal shelters may also supply the laboratories directly. Some animal dealers, termed Class B dealers, have been reported to engage in kidnapping
62:
Class B dealers are licensed by the USDA to buy animals from "random sources". This refers to animals who were not purpose-bred or raised on the dealers' property. Animals from "random sources" come from auctions, pounds, newspaper ads (including "free-to-home" ads), and some may be stolen pets or
87:
in 2006, an illegal economy in the theft of pets, mostly dogs, has emerged in the U.S. in recent years, with the thieves known as "bunchers". The bunchers sell the animals to Class B animal dealers, who pay $ 25 per animal. The dealers then sell the animals to universities, medical and veterinary
177:
In 2010, a new EU directive was published on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, repealing the old directive 86/609/EEC on
January 1, 2013, with the exception of Article 13 (statistical information on the use of animals in experiments) which has been repealed on May 10, 2013.
75:(ASPCA), Iowa, Minnesota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, and Utah require publicly funded shelters to surrender animals to any Class B dealer who asks for them. Fourteen states prohibit the practice, and the remainder either have no relevant legislation, or permit the practice in certain circumstances.
144:. According to the Humane Society of the United States, Missouri was experiencing such a high rate of pet theft that animal protection groups had dubbed it the "Steal Me State". In a 2008 article, Last Chance for Animals estimated that around two million pets are stolen in the U.S. each year.
1105:
153:
23:
services. It is comparatively rare that animals are procured from sources other than specialized dealers, as this poses the threat of introducing disease into a colony and confounding any data collected. However, suppliers of laboratory animals may include
117:, lost his licence after being convicted of 100 counts of animal abuse and neglect, and of stealing pets for laboratories and forging documentation. The criminal charges were filed after an eight-year investigation by an animal protection group,
399:
these states prohibit shelters from providing animals for research: Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, and West
173:
Animal rights supporters have raised concerns that these rules allow strays and pets to be used for experimentation, either by exemptions or by importing animals from non-EU countries, where the rules may be more lax.
112:
The largest Class B dealer in dogs in the U.S. was investigated for bunching by the U.S. Department of
Agriculture (USDA) in 2005. Chester C. Baird, of Martin Creek Kennels and Pat's Pine Tree Farms in Willifore,
63:
illegally trapped strays. As of
February 2013, there were only seven active Class B dealers remaining in the United States. However, these sources round up "thousands" of cats and dogs each year for sale.
54:
Class A breeders are licensed by the U.S. Department of
Agriculture (USDA) to sell animals bred specifically for research. In July 2004, there were 4,117 licensed Class A dealers in the United States.
482:
428:
There is a discrepancy between the Humane
Society and the ASPCA in the specific states requiring and prohibiting the practice; according to the former, 3 states require, while 17 states prohibit.
346:
72:
262:
1862:
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383:
365:
931:
479:
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are largely supplied by dealers who specialize in selling them to universities, medical and veterinary schools, and companies that provide contract
1241:
573:"DIRECTIVE 2010/63/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes"
3538:
608:
991:
137:
540:"Council Directive 86/609/EEC of 24 November 1986...regarding the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes"
1246:
3213:
3157:
1021:
966:
676:
43:
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956:
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3418:
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121:. The group filmed over 72 hours of undercover video at Martin Creek Kennels, which included footage of dogs being shot. In 2006,
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339:"TITLE 9--ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS: CHAPTER 1--ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE"
210:
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1349:
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3267:
3152:
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1947:
1842:
731:
636:
387:
84:
517:
154:
European
Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and other Scientific Purposes
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1852:
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1231:
1006:
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1499:
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1026:
888:
883:
260:"Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Royal York, Toronto"
3813:
4015:
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118:
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3990:
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2005:
1582:
1201:
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133:
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1016:
163:
2633:
8:
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2446:
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2321:
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2015:
1872:
1761:
1655:
1650:
300:
3820:
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3255:
3167:
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2200:
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1635:
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1354:
835:
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523:
438:
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2020:
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1374:
820:
89:
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3613:
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1256:
878:
851:
825:
782:
2240:
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2809:
2763:
2758:
2608:
2573:
2558:
2496:
2386:
2331:
2311:
2250:
2160:
2070:
2010:
1985:
1640:
1514:
1069:
1049:
486:
416:
369:
307:
3645:
3442:
3042:
2944:
2874:
2864:
2788:
2718:
2703:
2643:
2568:
2543:
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2436:
2396:
2301:
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2266:
2180:
2110:
2035:
1975:
1847:
1777:
1622:
1597:
1554:
1529:
1519:
1494:
1454:
1409:
1317:
1064:
1011:
840:
772:
617:
159:
20:
4009:
3919:
3037:
2904:
2879:
2814:
2783:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2723:
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2578:
2548:
2451:
2421:
2276:
2230:
2225:
2190:
2185:
2140:
2125:
2105:
2080:
2045:
2025:
1990:
1893:
1726:
1469:
1429:
1327:
1297:
1172:
1079:
903:
767:
266:
71:
Animals are also sold directly to laboratories by shelters. According to the
2688:
3097:
2939:
2929:
2778:
2753:
2658:
2653:
2638:
2598:
2588:
2461:
2381:
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2356:
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2341:
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2220:
2215:
2165:
2155:
2145:
2055:
1980:
1837:
1792:
1751:
1713:
1698:
1660:
1479:
1459:
1379:
1074:
1059:
106:
102:
3661:
3107:
2934:
2924:
2909:
2849:
2678:
2583:
2553:
2528:
2466:
2456:
2245:
2130:
2115:
2100:
2065:
2060:
2030:
2000:
1995:
1807:
1741:
1612:
1587:
1484:
1389:
1384:
29:
pets from residences or illegally trapping strays, a practice dubbed as
3773:
3291:
3002:
2894:
2839:
2819:
2668:
2663:
2648:
2618:
2593:
2533:
2411:
2326:
2286:
2120:
2090:
1424:
1414:
1307:
951:
3866:
3725:
3321:
3092:
2698:
2563:
2538:
2426:
2205:
2150:
1802:
1602:
1509:
1489:
1464:
1399:
1084:
898:
2501:
1419:
1369:
1001:
279:
114:
1731:
1685:
1344:
586:
325:
National
Institutes of Health Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare
25:
1141:
1282:
1184:
873:
101:
claim that pets being stolen for animal research is largely an
105:
and that the majority of stolen dogs are most likely used for
3360:
1946:
711:
3132:
480:
Notorious Animal Dealer Loses License and Pays Record Fine
88:
schools, and companies providing animal-testing services.
504:
122:
73:
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
1863:
University of California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid
320:
3387:
Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
188:American Association for Laboratory Animal Science
170:"under arrangements determined by the authority."
894:Laboratory animal suppliers in the United Kingdom
17:Animals used by laboratories for testing purposes
4007:
1242:List of international animal welfare conventions
235:. American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine
147:
3539:An Introduction to Animals and Political Theory
363:Animal Testing: Where Do the Animals Come From?
36:
2970:
384:"ASPCA Animaland: Real Issues: Animal Testing"
358:
356:
1157:
992:Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine
602:
296:
294:
292:
138:University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
1247:Moral status of animals in the ancient world
475:
473:
129:, a documentary film based on this footage.
3214:Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society
3158:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
1185:Topics (overviews, concepts, issues, cases)
464:HBO's 'Dogs': A Gnawing Portrait of Despair
353:
1164:
1150:
609:
595:
534:
532:
519:How Dogs Are Abused in a Scheme for Profit
489:, The Humane Society of the United States.
419:, The Humane Society of the United States.
321:"Home-Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare"
289:
258:Salinger, Lawrence and Teddlie, Patricia.
254:
252:
250:
3361:Media (books, films, periodicals, albums)
3298:Human Environment Animal Protection Party
957:Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing
470:
205:
203:
3419:Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology
1671:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals
1112:Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986
803:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals
687:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals
1262:Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare
529:
247:
4008:
1339:Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness
1106:Animal Experimentation Convention 1986
577:Official Journal of the European Union
559:Experiments on cats and dogs in France
310:, Humane Society of the United States.
272:
200:
83:According to a paper presented to the
3555:Political Animals and Animal Politics
3359:
3143:Massachusetts Animal Rights Coalition
3068:Centre for Animals and Social Justice
2969:
1945:
1475:Concentrated animal feeding operation
1252:Timeline of animal welfare and rights
1207:Animal rights by country or territory
1183:
1145:
590:
403:
233:"Adequate Veterinary Care Guidelines"
3286:Animalist Party with the Environment
1568:Animal testing on non-human primates
987:New England Anti-Vivisection Society
647:Animal testing on non-human primates
467:, Washington Post, February 21, 2006
439:"Foundation for Biomedical Research"
213:. Library Index Science Encyclopedia
3710:Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home
1915:World Day for the End of Speciesism
778:Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act
13:
3835:Relations. Beyond Anthropocentrism
3178:United Activists for Animal Rights
3088:Doctors Against Animal Experiments
1222:Animal cruelty–Holocaust analogies
977:Foundation for Biomedical Research
616:
99:Foundation for Biomedical Research
66:
57:
49:
14:
4037:
3379:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
3339:Animal Rights National Conference
3262:Animal Protection Party of Canada
3219:Canadian Anti-Vivisection Society
3073:Chinese Animal Protection Network
2998:American Anti-Vivisection Society
2472:Johann Friedrich Ludwig Volckmann
1227:Animal rights in Indian religions
1217:Animal rights and punk subculture
1171:
982:National Anti-Vivisection Society
3986:
3985:
3547:Animal Rights Without Liberation
3198:Voice for Animals Humane Society
1925:World Day for the End of Fishing
1920:World Day for Laboratory Animals
1350:Equal consideration of interests
710:
3268:Animal Justice Party of Finland
3153:Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics
2362:Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
1950:(academics, writers, activists)
1843:Monkey selfie copyright dispute
637:Animal testing on invertebrates
565:
562:, One Voice, France, March 2003
550:
510:
492:
455:
431:
422:
132:Baird's customers included the
97:health profile. Conversely the
85:American Society of Criminology
3491:Animals, Property, and the Law
1563:Alternatives to animal testing
1232:Christianity and animal rights
927:Americans for Medical Progress
632:Alternatives to animal testing
375:
331:
313:
225:
1:
3128:Korea Animal Rights Advocates
1833:Cambridge University primates
1365:Ethics of uncertain sentience
1032:Understanding Animal Research
831:Cambridge University primates
211:"Sources of Research Animals"
162:(EU) are governed by Council
148:Dealers in the European Union
3188:UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics
1333:Argument from marginal cases
692:Testing cosmetics on animals
37:Dealers in the United States
7:
3475:Morals, Reason, and Animals
3103:Farm Animal Rights Movement
3053:Anonymous for the Voiceless
1737:International primate trade
1212:Anarchism and animal rights
1022:Stop Sequani Animal Testing
793:International primate trade
181:
78:
10:
4042:
3595:Making a Stand for Animals
3467:The Case for Animal Rights
3118:Hunt Saboteurs Association
3078:Cruelty Free International
3048:Anti-Vivisection Coalition
1573:Animal testing regulations
1124:Animal Welfare Act of 1966
1101:Animal testing regulations
962:Cruelty Free International
922:Anti-Vivisection Coalition
869:Charles River Laboratories
672:History of model organisms
662:Animal testing regulations
151:
3981:
3954:
3901:
3851:
3791:
3784:
3750:The Ghosts in Our Machine
3605:
3587:Animal Ethics in the Wild
3370:
3366:
3355:
3331:
3242:
3206:
3023:Animal Legal Defense Fund
2990:
2983:
2979:
2965:
2802:
2521:
2514:
2317:William Hamilton Drummond
2259:
1968:
1959:
1955:
1941:
1902:
1881:
1820:
1770:
1712:
1684:
1676:Welfare of farmed insects
1621:
1553:
1445:
1438:
1303:Animal–industrial complex
1270:
1194:
1190:
1179:
1093:
1040:
912:
861:
811:
798:Laboratory animal allergy
760:
719:
708:
682:Laboratory animal sources
667:History of animal testing
657:Animal testing on rodents
652:Animal testing on rabbits
624:
94:Arkansas State University
3828:Journal of Animal Ethics
3694:Your Mommy Kills Animals
3083:Direct Action Everywhere
2487:Johann Heinrich Winckler
2432:Nathaniel Peabody Rogers
1889:Direct Action Everywhere
1593:Huntingdon Life Sciences
1578:Labcorp Drug Development
1535:Feedback (pork industry)
1500:Intensive animal farming
1237:History of animal rights
1027:Research Defence Society
889:Labcorp Drug Development
884:Huntingdon Life Sciences
193:
92:and Patricia Teddlie of
3963:Holocaust on your Plate
3734:An Apology to Elephants
3515:Do Animals Have Rights?
3451:Animals, Men and Morals
3427:Better-World Philosophy
3304:Italian Animalist Party
3183:United Poultry Concerns
3138:Last Chance for Animals
3033:Animal Liberation Front
2920:Maud Ingersoll Probasco
1405:Replaceability argument
1323:Animal-free agriculture
1118:Animal Welfare Act 1999
997:Primate Freedom Project
942:Animal Free Research UK
642:Animal testing on frogs
381:According to the ASPCA,
142:Oregon State University
119:Last Chance for Animals
3936:Salvation of Innocents
3483:Zoos and Animal Rights
3058:Beauty Without Cruelty
3018:Animal Justice Project
2352:John Zephaniah Holwell
2006:Stephen St. C. Bostock
1583:Great ape research ban
1202:Animal rights movement
788:Great ape research ban
556:Langley, Chris et al.
349:on September 29, 2007.
158:Animal dealers in the
134:University of Missouri
3955:Fairs and exhibitions
3842:The Animals' Defender
3814:Cahiers antispécistes
3742:Speciesism: The Movie
3563:Animal (De)liberation
3523:Striking at the Roots
3435:The Universal Kinship
3395:The Rights of Animals
3316:People Animals Nature
3310:Party for the Animals
3123:In Defense of Animals
2885:Nina Douglas-Hamilton
2272:David Renaud Boullier
1858:Silver Spring monkeys
1757:Wild animal suffering
1666:Pain in invertebrates
1505:Intensive pig farming
1395:Opposition to hunting
1360:Ethics of eating meat
846:Silver Spring monkeys
343:a257.g.akamaitech.net
44:independent committee
3571:Sentientist Politics
3499:The Lives of Animals
3250:Animal Justice Party
3063:Born Free Foundation
2900:Lizzy Lind af Hageby
2774:Wendy Turner-Webster
2482:Adam Gottlieb Weigen
1704:Recreational fishing
1545:Ventilation shutdown
1313:Animal protectionism
1293:Animal consciousness
1130:Directive 2010/63/EU
1017:Speaking of Research
286:, February 17, 2006.
278:Gillham, Christina.
164:Directive 86/609/EEC
3995:( 139 )
3821:Etica & Animali
3807:Between the Species
3531:An American Trilogy
3224:Humanitarian League
2835:Frances Power Cobbe
2447:Arthur Schopenhauer
2442:Henry Stephens Salt
2322:Edward Payson Evans
2016:Stephen R. L. Clark
1873:War of the currents
1762:Wildlife management
1656:Pain in crustaceans
1651:Pain in cephalopods
1108:(Council of Europe)
783:Biomedical Research
579:. October 20, 2010.
526:, February 21, 2006
443:"The Pet Theft Myth
280:"Bought to be sold"
269:, October 15, 2006.
4026:Cruelty to animals
3758:Unlocking the Cage
3579:Wild Animal Ethics
3403:The Ethics of Diet
3280:Animalist Movement
3256:Animal Politics EU
3168:Sentience Politics
2794:That Vegan Teacher
2407:Siobhan O'Sullivan
2392:José Ferrater Mora
2201:Steve F. Sapontzis
1694:Commercial fishing
1646:Pain in amphibians
1636:Cruelty to animals
1608:Operation Backfire
1447:Animal agriculture
1355:Emotion in animals
836:Monkey Drug Trials
702:Toxicology testing
524:The New York Times
485:2008-03-25 at the
415:2008-02-26 at the
368:2008-06-27 at the
306:2018-10-19 at the
42:be reviewed by an
4003:
4002:
3996:
3977:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3944:Onward to Freedom
3912:Animal Liberation
3897:
3896:
3718:Forks Over Knives
3670:Peaceable Kingdom
3630:Shores of Silence
3622:A Cow at My Table
3507:Eternal Treblinka
3459:Animal Liberation
3351:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3238:
3237:
3173:Uncaged Campaigns
3148:Mercy for Animals
3113:Great Ape Project
3028:Animal Liberation
2974:(groups, parties)
2961:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2860:Elizabeth Farians
2769:Christine Townend
2709:Heather Nicholson
2634:Brigitte Gothière
2624:Antoine Goetschel
2510:
2509:
2171:Charles Patterson
2076:Gary L. Francione
2051:Josephine Donovan
2041:Daniel Dombrowski
2021:Alasdair Cochrane
1937:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1816:
1815:
1747:Predation problem
1631:Animal euthanasia
1540:Foam depopulation
1375:Insects in ethics
1139:
1138:
516:Lee, Felicia R.,
90:Lawrence Salinger
4033:
3994:
3989:
3988:
3800:Animal Sentience
3789:
3788:
3654:Legally Blonde 2
3614:The Animals Film
3368:
3367:
3357:
3356:
3163:Rise for Animals
2988:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2967:
2966:
2830:Edith Carrington
2734:Craig Rosebraugh
2694:Virginia McKenna
2684:Jo-Anne McArthur
2614:Juliet Gellatley
2519:
2518:
2477:Mary Anne Warren
2417:Humphrey Primatt
2402:Edward Nicholson
2372:Charles R. Magel
2337:Thomas G. Gentry
2196:Richard D. Ryder
2136:Thomas Lepeltier
1966:
1965:
1957:
1956:
1943:
1942:
1910:World Animal Day
1868:Unnecessary Fuss
1828:Brown Dog affair
1798:Animals in sport
1788:Animal slaughter
1783:Animal sacrifice
1722:Culling wildlife
1525:Wildlife farming
1443:
1442:
1288:Animal cognition
1257:Total liberation
1192:
1191:
1181:
1180:
1166:
1159:
1152:
1143:
1142:
852:Unnecessary Fuss
826:Brown Dog affair
714:
611:
604:
597:
588:
587:
581:
580:
569:
563:
554:
548:
547:
536:
527:
514:
508:
496:
490:
477:
468:
459:
453:
452:
450:
449:
435:
429:
426:
420:
407:
401:
398:
396:
395:
386:. Archived from
379:
373:
360:
351:
350:
345:. Archived from
335:
329:
328:
317:
311:
298:
287:
276:
270:
256:
245:
244:
242:
240:
229:
223:
222:
220:
218:
207:
4041:
4040:
4036:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4030:
4006:
4005:
4004:
3999:
3969:
3950:
3893:
3874:Muutoksen kevät
3847:
3780:
3686:Behind the Mask
3601:
3411:Animals' Rights
3362:
3343:
3327:
3234:
3202:
2975:
2949:
2810:Cleveland Amory
2798:
2764:Darren Thurston
2759:Marianne Thieme
2609:Bruce Friedrich
2574:Joey Carbstrong
2559:Brigitte Bardot
2506:
2497:Jon Wynne-Tyson
2387:J. Howard Moore
2332:John Galsworthy
2312:Wilhelm Dietler
2255:
2251:Corey Lee Wrenn
2161:Martha Nussbaum
2071:Lawrence Finsen
2011:Paola Cavalieri
1986:Kristin Andrews
1961:
1951:
1929:
1898:
1877:
1812:
1766:
1708:
1680:
1641:Pain in animals
1617:
1549:
1515:Poultry farming
1434:
1266:
1186:
1175:
1170:
1140:
1135:
1089:
1070:Neal D. Barnard
1050:Colin Blakemore
1042:
1036:
914:
908:
857:
813:
807:
756:
752:Syrian hamsters
715:
706:
620:
615:
585:
584:
571:
570:
566:
555:
551:
538:
537:
530:
515:
511:
497:
493:
487:Wayback Machine
478:
471:
460:
456:
447:
445:
437:
436:
432:
427:
423:
417:Wayback Machine
408:
404:
393:
391:
382:
380:
376:
370:Wayback Machine
361:
354:
337:
336:
332:
319:
318:
314:
308:Wayback Machine
301:Class B dealers
299:
290:
277:
273:
257:
248:
238:
236:
231:
230:
226:
216:
214:
209:
208:
201:
196:
184:
156:
150:
81:
69:
67:Animal shelters
60:
58:Class B dealers
52:
50:Class A dealers
39:
12:
11:
5:
4039:
4029:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4016:Animal testing
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3958:
3956:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3948:
3940:
3932:
3924:
3916:
3907:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3884:
3877:
3870:
3863:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3817:
3810:
3803:
3795:
3793:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3770:
3762:
3754:
3746:
3738:
3730:
3722:
3714:
3706:
3698:
3690:
3682:
3674:
3666:
3658:
3650:
3646:Meet Your Meat
3642:
3634:
3626:
3618:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3591:
3583:
3575:
3567:
3559:
3551:
3543:
3535:
3527:
3519:
3511:
3503:
3495:
3487:
3479:
3471:
3463:
3455:
3447:
3443:The New Ethics
3439:
3431:
3423:
3415:
3407:
3399:
3391:
3383:
3374:
3372:
3364:
3363:
3353:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3319:
3313:
3307:
3301:
3295:
3289:
3283:
3277:
3274:Animals' Party
3271:
3265:
3259:
3253:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3227:
3221:
3216:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3043:AnimaNaturalis
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3013:Animal Justice
3010:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2985:
2977:
2976:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2945:Gretchen Wyler
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2875:Lewis Gompertz
2872:
2867:
2865:Emarel Freshel
2862:
2857:
2855:Muriel Dowding
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2789:Gary Yourofsky
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2704:Ingrid Newkirk
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2644:Charlotte Laws
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2569:Yves Bonnardel
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2544:Martin Balluch
2541:
2536:
2531:
2525:
2523:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2492:Steven M. Wise
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2437:Bernard Rollin
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2397:Leonard Nelson
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2302:Herman Daggett
2299:
2294:
2292:Priscilla Cohn
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2267:Jeremy Bentham
2263:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2181:Jessica Pierce
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2111:Kyle Johannsen
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2036:David DeGrazia
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1976:Carol J. Adams
1972:
1970:
1963:
1953:
1952:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1848:Pit of despair
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1778:Abandoned pets
1774:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1718:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1690:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1627:
1625:
1623:Animal welfare
1619:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1598:Model organism
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1559:
1557:
1555:Animal testing
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1530:Working animal
1527:
1522:
1520:Slaughterhouse
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1495:Insect farming
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1455:Animal product
1451:
1449:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1410:Sentiocentrism
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1318:Animal welfare
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1198:
1196:
1188:
1187:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1154:
1146:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1127:
1121:
1115:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1065:Ingrid Newkirk
1062:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
918:
916:
910:
909:
907:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
865:
863:
859:
858:
856:
855:
848:
843:
841:Pit of despair
838:
833:
828:
823:
817:
815:
809:
808:
806:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
773:Animal welfare
770:
764:
762:
758:
757:
755:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
723:
721:
717:
716:
709:
707:
705:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
628:
626:
622:
621:
618:Animal testing
614:
613:
606:
599:
591:
583:
582:
564:
549:
544:European Union
528:
509:
491:
469:
454:
430:
421:
402:
374:
352:
330:
312:
288:
271:
265:2013-01-16 at
246:
224:
198:
197:
195:
192:
191:
190:
183:
180:
160:European Union
149:
146:
80:
77:
68:
65:
59:
56:
51:
48:
38:
35:
21:animal-testing
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4038:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4021:Animal rights
4019:
4017:
4014:
4013:
4011:
3992:
3984:
3983:
3980:
3965:
3964:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3953:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3920:Tame Yourself
3917:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3900:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3883:
3882:
3881:No Compromise
3878:
3876:
3875:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3850:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3783:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3763:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3382:(3rd century)
3381:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3358:
3354:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3330:
3323:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3312:(Netherlands)
3311:
3308:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3038:Animal Rising
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3008:Animal Ethics
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2905:Jessie Mackay
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2880:James Granger
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2815:Henry B. Amos
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2784:Louise Wallis
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2749:Kim Stallwood
2747:
2745:
2744:Jasmin Singer
2742:
2740:
2739:Nathan Runkle
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2724:David Olivier
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2604:John Feldmann
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
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390:on 2008-06-27
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3230:Oxford Group
3098:Every Animal
2991:Contemporary
2940:Andrew Tyler
2930:Nell Shipman
2870:André Géraud
2779:Jerry Vlasak
2754:Lynda Stoner
2729:Alex Pacheco
2659:Evanna Lynch
2654:Howard Lyman
2639:Wayne Hsiung
2599:Chris DeRose
2589:Rod Coronado
2522:Contemporary
2462:Thomas Tryon
2382:Mary Midgley
2377:Jean Meslier
2357:Soame Jenyns
2347:John Hildrop
2342:Arthur Helps
2307:Richard Dean
2282:Peter Buchan
2221:Gary Steiner
2216:Peter Singer
2211:JĂ©rĂ´me Segal
2176:David Pearce
2166:Clare Palmer
2156:David Nibert
2146:Clair Linzey
2056:Joan Dunayer
1981:Aysha Akhtar
1969:Contemporary
1838:McLibel case
1793:Animal trial
1752:Seal hunting
1714:Wild animals
1699:Fishing bait
1661:Pain in fish
1480:Fish farming
1460:Battery cage
1380:Meat paradox
1337:
1278:Abolitionism
1075:Jerry Vlasak
1060:Gill Langley
850:
681:
576:
567:
558:
552:
543:
518:
512:
500:Dealing Dogs
499:
494:
463:
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446:. Retrieved
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392:. Retrieved
388:the original
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347:the original
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283:
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237:. Retrieved
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215:. Retrieved
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131:
127:Dealing Dogs
126:
111:
107:dog fighting
82:
70:
61:
53:
40:
30:
16:
15:
3785:Periodicals
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2719:Ric O'Barry
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2584:Jake Conroy
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2529:James Aspey
2467:Gary Varner
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2246:Paul Waldau
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2116:Melanie Joy
2101:Oscar Horta
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2001:Steven Best
1996:Marc Bekoff
1962:and writers
1903:Observances
1808:Live export
1742:Ivory trade
1613:Vivisection
1588:Green Scare
1485:Fur farming
1390:Open rescue
1385:Nonviolence
1094:Legislation
1041:Writers and
814:experiments
507:Documentary
410:Dog profile
4010:Categories
3774:Seaspiracy
3678:Earthlings
3318:(Portugal)
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3207:Historical
3003:Animal Aid
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2840:Joan Court
2820:Bob Barker
2803:Historical
2689:LuĂsa Mell
2669:Keith Mann
2664:Bill Maher
2649:Ronnie Lee
2619:Tal Gilboa
2594:Karen Dawn
2534:Greg Avery
2412:Rod Preece
2327:T. Forster
2287:Mona Caird
2260:Historical
2121:Hilda Kean
2091:Lori Gruen
1425:Vegaphobia
1415:Speciesism
1308:Animal law
1055:Carl Cohen
952:Boyd Group
913:Groups and
720:Testing on
448:2007-12-20
394:2008-06-27
152:See also:
103:urban myth
3928:Manifesto
3867:Bite Back
3852:Magazines
3726:Vegucated
3324:(Germany)
3322:V-ParteiÂł
3300:(Germany)
3294:(Belgium)
3270:(Finland)
3093:Equanimal
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2629:Mark Gold
2564:Gene Baur
2539:Matt Ball
2515:Activists
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2206:Jeff Sebo
2151:Dan Lyons
1960:Academics
1948:Advocates
1803:Live food
1603:Nafovanny
1510:Livestock
1490:Fur trade
1465:Bile bear
1400:Personism
1195:Overviews
1085:Tipu Aziz
1043:activists
915:campaigns
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821:Britches
737:Primates
697:Three Rs
483:Archived
413:Archived
366:Archived
304:Archived
284:Newsweek
263:Archived
182:See also
115:Arkansas
79:Bunching
31:bunching
26:breeders
3306:(Italy)
3288:(Spain)
3282:(Italy)
3243:Parties
1732:Hunting
1686:Fishing
1345:Carnism
747:Rodents
742:Rabbits
3993:
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3931:(2008)
3923:(1991)
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3903:Albums
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3705:(2009)
3697:(2007)
3689:(2006)
3681:(2005)
3673:(2004)
3665:(2003)
3657:(2003)
3649:(2002)
3641:(2000)
3633:(2000)
3625:(1998)
3617:(1981)
3598:(2022)
3590:(2022)
3582:(2020)
3574:(2018)
3566:(2016)
3558:(2014)
3550:(2012)
3542:(2010)
3534:(2009)
3526:(2008)
3518:(2005)
3510:(2001)
3502:(1999)
3494:(1995)
3486:(1993)
3478:(1987)
3470:(1983)
3462:(1975)
3454:(1971)
3446:(1907)
3438:(1906)
3430:(1899)
3422:(1897)
3414:(1892)
3406:(1883)
3398:(1838)
3390:(1824)
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1114:(UK)
1007:SHAC
967:PETA
932:AAAS
241:2010
219:2010
972:ALF
947:ALF
505:HBO
123:HBO
4012::
575:.
542:.
531:^
522:,
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