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The "Hofmeisterin" or "Ober-Hofmeisterin" rank gave precedence over all the other ladies-in-waiting. They were members of the
Empress` or Grand-Duchesses' Households and were in charge of introductions of the women invited to
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The seven strict ranks were reduced to five by the mid 18th century and their names evolved as well. The four first ranks were only granted to 82 women at the end of the 18th century and only 18 in 1915.
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During the official ceremonies, the ladies-in-waiting had to wear specific Court dresses according to a regulation of 1834 fixing the clothing, the manner and the colors allowed for each one. A
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rank was only granted to 5 ladies in 1914, all of them being married with high rank dignitaries. Most of these ladies, noblewomen of high rank, were members of the
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and German models, although many
Muscovite and post-reform positions were in charge of identical functions. The new hierarchy used German terminology.
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were unmarried. A small number of those who married received a higher title but the vast majority had to leave the service at Court. In 1826,
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368:' initials in diamonds, pinned to their left shoulder. In the 18th century, some of them were granted the right to wear curls.
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305:. Their positions rarely entailed daily service at Court, they were mostly honorific with attendance on great occasions.
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Deystvitelnaya Kammer-devitsa (literally Acting Maid of the
Bedchamber); fourth class and wives of College's presidents
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156:), nurses, housekeepers, servants, nannies etc., were abolished and replaced by a new hierarchy inspired by
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rank was the most common, around 189 for 203 ladies-in-waiting in 1881. In 1914, they were 261 for 280. A
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All the ancient occupations of the women at the Court of Russia, traditionally held by
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Deystvitelnaya
Statsdame (literally Acting Lady of the State); third class
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Hofdame (literally Lady of the Court); fifth class and
Generals' wives
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Hofdevitsa (Maid of Honour); corresponding to
Colonel's wives
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of the
Empress on their right shoulder and were called
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rank was only granted to 4 or 5 ladies-in-waiting, the
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Hofmeisterin (since 1748) (The
Mistress of the Court)
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Ober-Hofmeisterin (The Great
Mistress of the Court)
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93:'s initials diamond pin worn by a Maid of Honour
43:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
282:of the Imperial family : they were called
290:gave the right to wear white and red at Court.
171:(The Great Mistress of the Court); first class
413:Ladies-in-waiting from the Russian Empire
217:Kammer-Fräulein (Maid of the Bedchamber)
74:Learn how and when to remove this message
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123:(rank) established on January 24, 1722.
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220:Fräulein (pronounced in a Russian way:
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399:Придворные дамы Российской империи
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245:'s initials, by Gavriil Iakovlev
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270:would be at the service of the
241:A.P. Alexandrova, with Empress
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330:Ваше Высокопревосходительство
127:Definition and table of ranks
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284:Fräulein of the Household
196:(Maid of the Bedchamber)
174:Wives of members of the
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178:of Russia; second class
58:more precise citations.
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104:Imperial Russian Court
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303:Order of St Catherine
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135:Portrait of Empress
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360:would only wear the
326:Your High Excellency
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31:list of references
348:wore a miniature
169:Ober-Hofmeisterin
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378:Smolny Institute
354:dames à portrait
137:Maria Feodorovna
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113:Peter the Great
109:придворные дамы
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50:Please help
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371:Founded by
141:Court dress
56:introducing
389:References
286:. Being a
280:Princesses
158:Versailles
150:(wives of
148:boyarynias
381:near the
342:Statsdame
318:Statsdame
299:Statsdame
264:Nicolas I
243:Alexandra
212:Statsdame
162:etiquette
64:July 2011
407:Category
358:Fräulein
350:portrait
288:Fräulein
268:Fräulein
256:Fräulein
252:Fräulein
239:Fräulein
222:Freylina
160:Court's
394:Sources
362:Empress
272:Empress
229:Service
102:of the
52:improve
309:Court.
153:boyars
258:or a
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