203:
1156:
189:
1083:
649:
2636:
43:
1113:. Saen Phu and his brother Nam Thuem fled to their father in Chiangrai. Nam Tuam succeeded in driving out their uncle, restoring Saen Phu onto the throne in 1322 or 1324. Saen Phu founded the city of Chiang Saen in 1325 or 1328, before he died in 1334. His son Kham Fu replaced him but reigned only few years, before he was succeeded by his son Pha Yu, who restored the capital to Chiang Mai again. There he fortified the city and built
2165:
1386:, the Burmese army commanders and governors became "drunk with victory". This arrogant repressive behavior by the local Burmese government caused a rebellion in Lan Na. The new Burmese governor at Chiang Mai, Thado Mindin, was disrespectful to local chiefs and the people, and became extremely unpopular. One of the local chiefs,
1359:
By the 1720s, the
Toungoo dynasty was on its last legs. In 1727, Chiang Mai revolted because of high taxation. The resistance forces drove back the Burmese army in 1727–1728 and 1731–1732, after which Chiang Mai and Ping valley became independent. Chiang Mai became a vassal again in 1757 to the new
1200:
over the Upper Chao Phraya valley (i.e. the
Kingdom of Sukhothai). In 1460, the governor of Chaliang surrendered to Tilokkarat. Trailokanat then used a new strategy and concentrated on the wars with Lan Na by moving the capital to Pitsanulok. Lan Na suffered setbacks and Tilokkarat eventually sued
1236:
After
Tilokkarat, Lan Na was then subjected to old-style princely struggles that prevented the kingdom from defending itself against powerful growing neighbors. The Shans then broke themselves free of Lan Na control that Tilokkarat had established. The last strong ruler was Paya Kaew who was the
1514:
in the surrounding mountainous areas. The language may be written in the old Lan Na script, which somewhat resembles that of the Thai, but differs significantly in spelling rules. Due to the influence of the latter, it also differs significantly from the modern pronunciation of Kham Mueang.
1272:
of
Ayutthaya invaded Lan Na in 1545, but Chiraprapha negotiated for peace. Chairacha returned next year, sacking Lampang and Lamphun, and threatened Chiangmai itself. So, Chiraprapha was forced to put her kingdom under Ayutthaya as a tributary state.
1352:(Phra Choi), sought and received help from Lan Xang, not his nominal overlord Siam, which did not send any help. After 1614, vassal kings of Burmese descent ruled Lan Na for over one hundred years. Siam did try to take over Lan Na in
1138:
Lan Na enjoyed peace under
Saenmuengma (which means ten thousand cities arrive — to pay tribute). The only disturbing event was the failed rebellion by his uncle Prince Maha Prommatat. Maha Prommatat requested aid from Ayutthaya.
1347:
of Siam. However, Siam's control was short-lived. The actual suzerainty effectively ended with
Naresuan's death in 1605. By 1614, Siam's control over Lan Na was at most nominal. When the Burmese returned, the ruler of Lan Na,
809:
Throughout the latter half of the 1800s, the
Siamese state dismantled Lan Na independence, absorbing it into the emerging Siamese nation-state. Beginning in 1874, the Siamese state reorganized Lan Na Kingdom as
1364:. It revolted again in 1761 with Siamese encouragement but the rebellion was suppressed by January 1763. In the 1765, the Burmese used Lan Na as a launching pad to invade the Laotian states, and Siam itself.
2376:
2343:
2331:
1524:
The Chiang Mai chronicles — Probably started in the late 15th century and enlarged with every copying of the palm leaves manuscript. Current version is from 1828, English translation available as
1260:
In 1538, King
Ketklao, son of Kaew, was overthrown by his own son Thau Sai Kam. However, Ketklao was restored in 1543 but suffered mental illness and was executed in 1545. Ketklao's daughter,
818:
governance system instituted in 1899. By 1909, Lan Na
Kingdom no longer existed formally as an independent state, as Siam finalized the demarcation of its borders with the British and French.
1177:(1441–1487). Tilokkarat seized the throne from his father Sam Fang Kaen in 1441. Tilokkarat's brother, Thau Choi, rebelled to reclaim the throne for his father and sought Ayutthayan support.
1184:
To the south, the emerging
Kingdom of Ayutthaya was also growing powerful. Relations between the two kingdoms had worsened since the Ayutthayan support of Thau Choi's rebellion. In 1451,
1343:, after which all the vassals of Pegu went their own way by 1596–1597. Lan Na's Nawrahta Minsaw declared independence in 1596. In 1602, Nawrahta Minsaw became a vassal of King
1143:
of Ayutthaya sent his troops to invade Lan Na but was repelled. This was the first armed conflict between the two kingdoms. Lan Na faced invasions from the newly established
1257:. Kaew then sent Lan Na armies to re-exert control there but was readily defeated by Hsipaw armies. The loss was so tremendous that Lan Na never regained such dominance.
1276:
Facing pressures from the invaders, Chiraprapha decided to abdicate in 1546 and the nobility gave the throne to her nephew (son of her sister), Prince Chaiyasettha of
598:
584:
570:
556:
542:
528:
503:
489:
2489:
2477:
1097:
Around 1311, Mangrai died and was succeeded by his second son Grama, or Jayasangrama (Khun Hham). He soon retired to Chiangrai and appointed his son Saen Phu as the
1304:
of Mong Nai whose family was related to Mangrai, to be the new king of Lan Na. It was said that, as a Shan king, Mekuti violated several Lan Na norms and beliefs.
1280:. Chaiyasettha moved to Lan Na and thus Lan Na was ruled by a Laotian king. In 1547, Prince Chaiyasettha returned to Lan Xang to claim the throne and ascended as
2523:
2726:
2506:
1014:
in 1296, expanding it to become the capital of Lan Na. Claimed territories of Mangrai's Lan Na include the modern northern Thai provinces (with exception of
2196:
1906:(M.A. Thesis). 4th National Symposium on Graduate Research, Chiang Mai, Thailand, August 10–11, 2004. Asst. Prof. Dr. Kirk R. Person, adviser. Chiang Mai:
1394:, ending the 200-year Burmese rule. Kawila was installed as the prince of Lampang and Phraya Chaban as the prince of Chiang Mai, both as vassals of Siam.
2721:
1428:, as a vassal state of Siam, had come into existence. Under Siamese suzerainty, Lan Na kingdom was divided into five smaller principalities, namely the
753:
1316:. Bayinnaung's forces invaded Lan Na from the north, and Mekuti surrendered on 2 April 1558. Encouraged by Setthathirath, Mekuti revolted during the
1893:
1181:
sent his troops to Lan Na in 1442 but was repelled and the rebellion was suppressed. Tilokkarat conquered the neighboring Kingdom of Payao in 1456.
779:
in 1558. Lan Na was ruled by successive vassal kings, though some enjoyed autonomy. The Burmese rule gradually withdrew but then resumed as the new
2731:
2338:
372:
1185:
1451:
Chiang Mai, under Burma's rule, lasted more than 200 years, but there were some periods that switched to Ayutthaya rule. The reign of King
1332:(Noratra Minsosi), viceroy of Lan Na in January 1579. Burma allowed a substantial degree of autonomy for Lan Na but strictly controlled the
1212:
was held near Chiang Mai. Tilokkarat also built and rehabilitated many notable temples. Tilokkarat then expanded west to the Shan States of
2741:
2736:
2371:
1349:
2494:
2482:
2326:
814:
Phayap, brought under the direct control of Siam. The Lan Na Kingdom effectively became centrally administered from through the Siamese
715:
452:
2666:
1006:) in 1281. Mangrai moved the capital several times. Leaving Lamphun due to heavy flooding, he drifted until settling at and building
983:
1538:— composed by Ratanapañña (16th century) an account of the early rise of Buddhism in Thailand and details on many historical events.
1268:. As Lan Na was plundered by the dynastic struggles, both Ayutthaya and the Burmese saw this as an opportunity to overwhelm Lan Na.
2189:
429:
202:
2716:
1353:
1067:
975:
2528:
2511:
2148:
2092:
2035:
1749:
1620:
1595:
1398:
1379:
1340:
1317:
784:
2711:
2260:
2270:
2265:
2182:
666:
648:
1677:
1237:
great-grandson of Tilokkarat. In 1507, Kaew invaded Ayutthaya but was repelled — only to be invaded in turn in 1513 by
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2129:
2073:
2054:
2011:
1938:
1710:
1653:
1529:
1402:
1391:
1373:
126:
107:
1135:
sect and invited monks from Sukhothai to replace the existing Mon Theravada that Lan Na inherited from Haripunchai.
2109:
79:
2591:
1758:
2275:
2169:
1999:
1556:
1383:
64:
17:
86:
2706:
2676:
2671:
2622:
2617:
1010:
in 1286/7, staying there until 1292 at which time he relocated to what would become Chiang Mai. He founded
662:
790:
Following the retreat of the Burmese force, Burmese control over Lan Na came to the end. Siam, under King
2546:
1911:
1320:. But the king was captured by Burmese forces in November 1564, and sent to the-then Burmese capital of
93:
2285:
1455:
the Great, and there were some independent periods, but was dominated and ruled by the Lao King called
1406:
188:
2224:
1328:, a Lan Na royal, the queen regnant of Lan Na. After her death, Bayinnaung appointed one of his sons
783:
expanded its influence. In 1775, Lan Na chiefs left the Burmese control to join Siam, leading to the
298:
2612:
1551:
305:
75:
1448:. Lan Na ceased to be an entity on its own after it was incorporated into modern Kingdom of Siam.
1378:
In the early 1770s, Burma was at the peak of its military power since Bayinnaung, having defeated
763:
had begun long before as successive kingdoms preceded Lan Na. As a continuation of the kingdom of
60:
53:
1472:
1293:
749:
701:
687:
656:
250:
156:
31:
2472:
1561:
1511:
1425:
521:
2556:
2551:
2229:
2219:
1861:
Forbes, Andrew (2004). "The Peoples of Chiang Mai". In Penth, Hans; Forbes, Andrew (eds.).
1429:
1410:
1197:
1168:
884:
760:
8:
2205:
1409:
but failed each time. In the 1790s, Kawila consolidated his hold of Lan Na, taking over
2596:
1059:
994:— naming the city after himself. Mangrai then expanded to the south and subjugated the
827:
386:
288:
1312:
The kingdom then came to conflict over Shan states with the expansionist Burmese king
1123:
Buddhism prospered in Lan Na during the reign of religious Kue Na who established the
2425:
2250:
2245:
2144:
2125:
2088:
2069:
2050:
2031:
2021:
2007:
1987:
1970:
1953:
1934:
1745:
1716:
1706:
1683:
1673:
1649:
1616:
1591:
1525:
1476:
1019:
991:
768:
1155:
771:, with whom wars were fought. However, the Lan Na Kingdom was weakened and became a
100:
2255:
1907:
1645:
1641:
1361:
1205:
1063:
927:
888:
875:
856:
847:
835:
795:
780:
577:
549:
535:
390:
256:
1737:
2661:
2640:
2586:
2104:
2025:
1329:
1192:
of Ayutthaya, gave himself to Tilokkarat. Yuttitthira urged Trilokanat to invade
1178:
776:
670:
360:
226:
222:
826:
The Lan Na kingdom is known by a number of exonyms in neighboring languages. In
27:
Indianized state centered in present-day northern Thailand (13th–18th centuries)
2518:
2117:
1566:
1285:
1250:
1238:
1140:
1114:
1087:
1023:
1015:
987:
803:
591:
508:
416:
2409:
1613:
Metropolis and Nation In Thailand: The Political Economy of Uneven Development
2655:
2566:
2561:
2430:
1720:
1687:
1489:
1460:
1433:
1325:
1281:
1265:
1221:
1007:
732:
706:
278:
274:
170:
2083:
Ratchasomphan, Sænluang & Wyatt, David K. (1994). David K. Wyatt (ed.).
1791:
974:) of the Lavachakkaraj dynasty, whose mother was a princess of a kingdom in
2399:
2321:
2300:
1535:
1418:
1217:
1213:
1144:
1051:
1027:
999:
896:
799:
772:
563:
1869:
1082:
2445:
1865:. Chiang Mai: Chiang Mai City Arts and Cultural Centre. pp. 221–256.
1670:
Thailand's political history : from the 13th century to recent times
1506:
1261:
1189:
1110:
1039:
990:. In 1262, Mangrai moved the capital from Ngoenyang to the newly founded
971:
958:
1204:
Tilokkarat was also a strong patron of Theravada Buddhism. In 1477, the
2435:
2366:
1991:
1974:
1957:
1313:
1193:
1174:
1128:
1091:
1011:
995:
860:
403:
237:
2174:
2087:(illustrated ed.). Ithaca: Cornell University SEAP Publications.
1900:
Attitudes of Northern Thai Youth towards Kammuang and the Lanna Script
1703:
The lost territories : Thailand's history of national humiliation
1288:
from Chiangmai to Luang Prabang (the one that would be later taken to
2440:
2404:
2316:
1269:
1209:
1120:
967:
764:
494:
336:
2101:
1333:
42:
1510:, town, principality, kingdom) as opposed to the languages of many
1456:
1414:
1344:
1277:
1253:. One faction sought Lan Na support while another faction went for
1225:
1106:
1043:
1035:
1031:
619:
798:, gained control of Lan Na in 1776. From then on, Lan Na became a
720:
2383:
2350:
1441:
1437:
1289:
1246:
1242:
1102:
1098:
1055:
1003:
963:
811:
624:
324:
1830:
1744:. Translated by Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press.
767:, Lan Na emerged strong enough in the 15th century to rival the
2164:
1588:
Siamese Melting Pot: Ethnic Minorities in the Making of Bangkok
1387:
1301:
1297:
1254:
1071:
1047:
979:
935:
791:
348:
1452:
1445:
1339:
After Bayinnaung, his massive empire quickly unraveled. Siam
1132:
1124:
634:
30:
This article is about the Thai kingdom. For other uses, see
1767:, King Mae Ku (Mekuti): From Lan Na Monarch to Burmese Nat.
1321:
907:
629:
1058:
from areas of modern Northern Vietnam, principally in the
1842:
2068:. Chiang Mai: Chiang Mai City Arts and Cultural Centre.
1541:
Zinme Yazawin — Burmese chronicle of Zinme (Chiang Mai).
1496:) is the modern spoken form of the old Lan Na language.
1931:
Khon Muang: People and Principalities of North Thailand
1413:. He then tried to take over Burma's Shan state of
1159:
Map of Lan Na during the reign of King Tilokkarat (
146:
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2082:
1998:
1836:
1770:
2044:
1105:) of Chiangmai. Mangrai's youngest son, ruler of
2653:
2116:
1636:Peleggi, Maurizio (2016-01-11), "Thai Kingdom",
1518:
2064:Penth, Hans & Forbes, Andrew, eds. (2004).
2102:Royal Historical Commission of Burma (2003) .
1986:. Vol. 4. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books.
1969:. Vol. 3. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books.
1952:. Vol. 1. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books.
1150:
2727:States and territories disestablished in 1775
2190:
1981:
1964:
1947:
1875:
1797:
1764:
1066:valleys, and most of Northern Laos, plus the
868:
1982:Forbes, Andrew & Henley, David (2012c).
1965:Forbes, Andrew & Henley, David (2012b).
1948:Forbes, Andrew & Henley, David (2012a).
1928:
1891:
1848:
1803:
2063:
1929:Forbes, Andrew & Henley, David (1997).
1821:
1390:of Lampang revolted with Siamese help, and
1249:. In 1523, a dynastic struggle occurred in
1188:, a Sukhothai royal who had conflicts with
2722:States and territories established in 1292
2197:
2183:
2002:; Stadtner, Donald & Jacques, Claude.
1077:
918:(Kingdom of the Mae Ping). In the Chinese
201:
162:
1705:. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
2027:The Indianized States of South-East Asia
1892:Burutphakdee, Natnapang (October 2004).
1812:
1732:
1730:
1640:, John Wiley & Sons, pp. 1–11,
1500:means "language of the principalities" (
1154:
1109:returned to claim the throne, occupying
1081:
978:("the twelve nations"), centralized the
2732:13th-century establishments in Thailand
2204:
2143:(2nd ed.). Yale University Press.
1742:The Indianized States of Southeast Asia
1667:
1635:
1173:The Lan Na kingdom was strongest under
982:of Ngoenyang into a unified kingdom or
667:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
14:
2654:
1860:
1782:
1736:
1700:
1610:
1367:
952:
705:, "Kingdom of a Million Rice Fields";
700:
2178:
2138:
2108:(in Burmese). Vol. 1–3. Yangon:
2020:
1776:
1727:
1196:which he had claims on, igniting the
874:
846:
756:from the 13th to the 18th centuries.
731:
2120:& Wichienkeeo, Aroonrut (1998).
1392:captured the city on 15 January 1775
1018:, which was under the vassalhood of
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
2742:Former monarchies of Southeast Asia
2737:1770s disestablishments in Thailand
2004:Lan Na, Thailand's Northern Kingdom
1585:
1264:, then succeeded her father as the
910:chronicles refer to the kingdom as
24:
1466:
25:
2753:
2158:
2047:Wieng Kum Kam, Atlantis of Lan Na
2045:Harbottle-Johnson, Garry (2002).
1374:Siamese conquest of Lan Na (1775)
1284:. Setthathirath also brought the
2667:Former countries in Thai history
2634:
2163:
2124:(2nd ed.). Silkworm Books.
2110:Ministry of Information, Myanmar
2049:. Heroes & History Library.
1397:Burma tried to regain Lan Na in
986:and allied with the neighboring
759:The cultural development of the
647:
596:
582:
568:
554:
540:
526:
501:
487:
187:
41:
1854:
1740:(1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.).
1590:. ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute.
1341:successfully revolted (1584–93)
1307:
1160:
1147:in the reign of Sam Fang Kaen.
883:being the Burmese term for the
52:needs additional citations for
2717:1775 disestablishments in Asia
2030:. University of Hawaii Press.
1895:Khon Muang Neu Kap Phasa Muang
1837:Ratchasomphan & Wyatt 1994
1694:
1661:
1646:10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe195
1629:
1604:
1586:Roy, Edward Van (2017-06-29).
1579:
1557:Family tree of Lan Na monarchs
940:
13:
1:
1572:
1519:Historical writings on Lan Na
1318:Burmese–Siamese War (1563–64)
1131:in 1386. Kue Na promoted the
1074:where his mother originated.
802:of Siam under the succeeding
785:Burmese–Siamese War (1775–76)
733:[ʔāː.nāː.tɕàkláːnnāː]
702:[ʔāː.nāː.tɕǎkláːnnāː]
208:
1809:Hmannan, Vol. 3, pp. 175–181
1611:London, Bruce (2019-03-13).
7:
2712:1292 establishments in Asia
1545:
1151:Expansions under Tilokkarat
944:), first attested in 1292.
740:, and most commonly called
721:
207:Lan Na and its neighbours,
10:
2758:
1933:. Chiang Mai: Teak House.
1885:
1638:The Encyclopedia of Empire
1470:
1371:
1231:
1166:
956:
947:
830:and sources, it is called
691:
147:
29:
2631:
2605:
2579:
2539:
2465:
2458:
2418:
2392:
2359:
2309:
2293:
2284:
2238:
2212:
2141:Thailand: A Short History
2066:A Brief History of Lan Na
1876:Forbes & Henley 2012c
1863:A Brief History of Lan Na
1798:Forbes & Henley 2012a
1765:Forbes & Henley 2012a
1493:
1296:). The nobles then chose
931:
900:
869:
839:
710:
612:
466:
462:
449:
439:
430:Ayutthaya-Lan Na War
426:
413:
400:
396:
382:
378:
366:
354:
342:
330:
320:• 1292–1311 (first)
318:
314:
304:
294:
284:
267:
243:
233:
218:
200:
184:
179:
163:
141:
2702:17th century in Thailand
2697:16th century in Thailand
2692:15th century in Thailand
2687:14th century in Thailand
2682:13th century in Thailand
2139:Wyatt, David K. (2003).
2122:The Chiang Mai Chronicle
1552:List of rulers of Lan Na
1463:for more than 30 years.
1421:(1803–1808) but failed.
914:(Kingdom of the Yun) or
821:
752:centered in present-day
368:• 1768–1775 (last)
1818:Hmannan, Vol. 3, p. 363
1668:Terwiel, B. J. (2011).
1324:. Bayinnaung then made
1078:Disunity and prosperity
578:Principality of Lamphun
550:Principality of Lampang
244:Official languages
2613:Constitutional history
1827:Htin Aung, pp. 183–185
1800:, Queen Hsinbyushinme.
1788:Hmannan, Vol. 3, p. 48
1701:Strate, Shane (2016).
1473:Northern Thai language
1294:Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke
1164:
1094:
1050:). He also reduced to
655:This article contains
32:Lanna (disambiguation)
2360:Northeastern Thailand
2172:at Wikimedia Commons
1562:Kingdom of Chiang Mai
1471:Further information:
1426:Kingdom of Chiang Mai
1372:Further information:
1158:
1085:
957:Further information:
848:[zɪ́ɰ̃mɛ̀pjì]
592:Principality of Phrae
522:Kingdom of Chiang Mai
453:Conquered by Thonburi
415:• Annexation of
402:• Foundation of
2707:18th century in Siam
2230:Peopling of Thailand
1878:, The Zinme Yazawin.
1504:, language or word;
1459:from the Kingdom of
1198:Ayutthaya-Lan Na War
1169:Ayutthaya-Lan Na War
1002:(centered on modern
885:Northern Thai people
761:Northern Thai people
441:• Burmese rule
356:• 1579–1607/08
61:improve this article
2677:Chiang Mai province
2672:Indianized kingdoms
2641:Thailand portal
2547:Nakhon Si Thammarat
2206:History of Thailand
1368:End of Burmese rule
1201:for peace in 1475.
966:, the 25th king of
953:Early establishment
920:History of the Yuan
564:Principality of Nan
1984:Ancient Chiang Mai
1967:Ancient Chiang Mai
1950:Ancient Chiang Mai
1512:hill tribe peoples
1165:
1095:
876:[yʊ́ɰ̃pjì]
828:Burmese chronicles
387:Post-classical era
289:Theravada Buddhism
2647:
2646:
2575:
2574:
2540:Southern Thailand
2466:Northern Thailand
2459:Regional kingdoms
2454:
2453:
2419:Southern Thailand
2393:Northern Thailand
2168:Media related to
2150:978-0-300-08475-7
2094:978-0-87727-715-6
2085:The Nan Chronicle
2037:978-0-8248-0368-1
1849:Burutphakdee 2004
1751:978-0-8248-0368-1
1622:978-0-429-72788-7
1597:978-981-4762-83-0
1477:Tai Tham alphabet
1424:Nonetheless, the
1208:to recompile the
1086:Central Chedi at
891:, it is known as
859:transcription of
769:Ayutthaya Kingdom
736:), also known as
719:
693:ᩋᩣᨱᩣᨧᩢᨠ᩠ᨠ᩼ᩃ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨶᨶᩣ
663:rendering support
643:
642:
608:
607:
604:
603:
514:
513:
344:• 1551–1564
332:• 1441–1487
149:ᩋᩣᨱᩣᨧᩢᨠ᩠ᨠ᩼ᩃ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨶᨶᩣ
137:
136:
129:
111:
16:(Redirected from
2749:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2623:Economic history
2618:Military history
2580:Regional history
2532:
2515:
2498:
2486:
2463:
2462:
2380:
2347:
2335:
2310:Central Thailand
2291:
2290:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2176:
2175:
2167:
2154:
2135:
2113:
2098:
2079:
2060:
2041:
2017:
2000:Freeman, Michael
1995:
1978:
1961:
1944:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1916:
1910:. Archived from
1908:Payap University
1905:
1879:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1858:
1852:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1734:
1725:
1724:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1583:
1495:
1206:Buddhist Council
1162:
942:
933:
926:(Pa-pai-si-fu) (
902:
889:Laotian language
878:
872:
871:
857:Burmese language
850:
845:
841:
796:Thonburi Kingdom
781:Konbaung dynasty
754:orthern Thailand
750:Indianized state
735:
730:
726:
714:
712:
704:
699:
695:
694:
684:Kingdom of Lanna
669: instead of
651:
600:
599:
586:
585:
572:
571:
558:
557:
544:
543:
536:Thonburi Kingdom
530:
529:
518:
517:
505:
504:
491:
490:
484:
483:
468:
467:
391:early modern era
269:Spoken languages
213:
210:
205:
191:
174:
166:
165:
160:
152:
151:
150:
139:
138:
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2643:
2635:
2633:
2627:
2606:Topical history
2601:
2571:
2535:
2526:
2509:
2492:
2480:
2450:
2414:
2388:
2374:
2355:
2341:
2329:
2305:
2280:
2234:
2208:
2203:
2161:
2151:
2132:
2118:Wyatt, David K.
2105:Hmannan Yazawin
2095:
2076:
2057:
2038:
2014:
1941:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1903:
1888:
1883:
1882:
1874:
1870:
1859:
1855:
1847:
1843:
1835:
1831:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1775:
1771:
1763:
1759:
1752:
1735:
1728:
1713:
1699:
1695:
1680:
1672:. River Books.
1666:
1662:
1656:
1634:
1630:
1623:
1609:
1605:
1598:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1567:Lan Na language
1548:
1521:
1479:
1469:
1467:Lan Na language
1384:China (1765–69)
1376:
1370:
1362:Burmese dynasty
1330:Nawrahta Minsaw
1310:
1234:
1179:Borommaracha II
1171:
1153:
1080:
961:
955:
950:
922:, it is called
843:
824:
777:Toungoo dynasty
728:
697:
692:
676:
675:
674:
671:Tai Tham script
661:Without proper
652:
639:
597:
583:
569:
555:
541:
527:
502:
488:
458:15 January 1775
455:
442:
432:
419:
406:
369:
361:Nawrahta Minsaw
357:
345:
333:
321:
299:Mandala kingdom
273:Northern Thai,
270:
263:
259:
214:
211:
196:
195:
192:
175:
168:
161:
154:
148:
144:
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2755:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2645:
2644:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2521:
2516:
2504:
2499:
2487:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2369:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2336:
2324:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2297:
2295:
2288:
2286:Initial states
2282:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2202:
2201:
2194:
2187:
2179:
2160:
2159:External links
2157:
2156:
2155:
2149:
2136:
2130:
2114:
2099:
2093:
2080:
2074:
2061:
2055:
2042:
2036:
2018:
2012:
1996:
1979:
1962:
1945:
1939:
1926:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1868:
1853:
1841:
1829:
1820:
1811:
1802:
1790:
1781:
1769:
1757:
1750:
1738:Coedès, George
1726:
1711:
1693:
1679:978-9749863961
1678:
1660:
1654:
1628:
1621:
1603:
1596:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1533:
1520:
1517:
1468:
1465:
1380:Siam (1765–67)
1369:
1366:
1336:and taxation.
1309:
1306:
1286:Emerald Buddha
1251:Kengtung State
1239:Ramathibodi II
1233:
1230:
1167:Main article:
1152:
1149:
1141:Borommaracha I
1115:Wat Phra Singh
1088:Wat Doi Suthep
1079:
1076:
988:Phayao Kingdom
954:
951:
949:
946:
893:Anachak Lan Na
823:
820:
804:Chakri dynasty
723:Anachak Lan Na
711:อาณาจักรล้านนา
680:Lan Na Kingdom
665:, you may see
653:
646:
645:
644:
641:
640:
638:
637:
632:
627:
622:
616:
614:
610:
609:
606:
605:
602:
601:
594:
588:
587:
580:
574:
573:
566:
560:
559:
552:
546:
545:
538:
532:
531:
524:
515:
512:
511:
509:Phayao Kingdom
506:
498:
497:
492:
480:
479:
474:
464:
463:
460:
459:
456:
450:
447:
446:
443:
440:
437:
436:
433:
427:
424:
423:
420:
414:
411:
410:
407:
401:
398:
397:
394:
393:
384:
383:Historical era
380:
379:
376:
375:
370:
367:
364:
363:
358:
355:
352:
351:
346:
343:
340:
339:
334:
331:
328:
327:
322:
319:
316:
315:
312:
311:
308:
302:
301:
296:
292:
291:
286:
282:
281:
271:
268:
265:
264:
262:
261:
254:
247:
245:
241:
240:
235:
231:
230:
220:
216:
215:
206:
198:
197:
193:
186:
185:
182:
181:
177:
176:
164:อาณาจักรล้านนา
145:
143:Lan Na Kingdom
142:
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
18:Lan Na Kingdom
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2754:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2650:
2642:
2630:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2530:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2513:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2431:Raktamaritika
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2385:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2339:Suphannabhumi
2337:
2333:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2225:Early history
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2195:
2193:
2188:
2186:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2173:
2171:
2170:Lanna Kingdom
2166:
2152:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2131:974-7100-62-2
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2100:
2096:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2077:
2075:974-7551-32-2
2071:
2067:
2062:
2058:
2056:974-85439-8-6
2052:
2048:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2022:Cœdès, George
2019:
2015:
2013:974-8225-27-5
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1942:
1940:1-876437-03-0
1936:
1932:
1927:
1917:on 2015-05-05
1913:
1909:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1877:
1872:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1845:
1839:, p. 85.
1838:
1833:
1824:
1815:
1806:
1799:
1794:
1785:
1779:, p. 80.
1778:
1773:
1766:
1761:
1753:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1733:
1731:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1712:9780824869717
1708:
1704:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1671:
1664:
1657:
1655:9781118455074
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1632:
1624:
1618:
1615:. Routledge.
1614:
1607:
1599:
1593:
1589:
1582:
1578:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1530:974-7100-62-2
1527:
1523:
1522:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1462:
1461:Luang Prabang
1458:
1454:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1326:Wisutthithewi
1323:
1319:
1315:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1282:Setthathirath
1279:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1266:queen regnant
1263:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1170:
1157:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1054:and received
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:Wiang Kum Kam
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
960:
945:
943:
937:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
904:
901:ອານາຈັກລ້ານນາ
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
877:
866:
862:
858:
854:
849:
837:
833:
829:
819:
817:
813:
807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
788:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
757:
755:
751:
747:
746:Lanna Kingdom
743:
739:
734:
725:
724:
717:
708:
703:
689:
688:Northern Thai
685:
681:
672:
668:
664:
660:
658:
650:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
617:
615:
613:Today part of
611:
595:
593:
590:
589:
581:
579:
576:
575:
567:
565:
562:
561:
553:
551:
548:
547:
539:
537:
534:
533:
525:
523:
520:
519:
516:
510:
507:
500:
499:
496:
493:
486:
485:
482:
481:
478:
475:
473:
470:
469:
465:
461:
457:
454:
448:
444:
438:
434:
431:
425:
421:
418:
412:
408:
405:
399:
395:
392:
388:
385:
381:
377:
374:
373:Po Mayu-nguan
371:
365:
362:
359:
353:
350:
347:
341:
338:
335:
329:
326:
323:
317:
313:
309:
307:
303:
300:
297:
293:
290:
287:
283:
280:
276:
272:
266:
258:
255:
252:
251:Northern Thai
249:
248:
246:
242:
239:
236:
232:
228:
224:
221:
217:
204:
199:
190:
183:
178:
172:
158:
157:Northern Thai
140:
131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
2649:
2501:
2400:Singhanavati
2301:Suvarnabhumi
2271:1973 to 2001
2266:1932 to 1973
2261:Rattanakosin
2162:
2140:
2121:
2103:
2084:
2065:
2046:
2026:
2003:
1983:
1966:
1949:
1930:
1919:. Retrieved
1912:the original
1899:
1894:
1871:
1862:
1856:
1851:, p. 7.
1844:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1793:
1784:
1772:
1760:
1741:
1702:
1696:
1669:
1663:
1637:
1631:
1612:
1606:
1587:
1581:
1536:Jinakālamāli
1505:
1501:
1497:
1486:Phasa Mueang
1485:
1481:
1480:
1450:
1423:
1419:Sipsongpanna
1396:
1377:
1358:
1356:but failed.
1338:
1311:
1308:Burmese rule
1275:
1259:
1235:
1203:
1186:Yutthitthira
1183:
1172:
1145:Ming Dynasty
1137:
1119:
1096:
1068:Sipsongpanna
1000:Hariphunchai
976:Sipsongpanna
962:
939:
923:
919:
915:
911:
905:
892:
880:
864:
852:
831:
825:
815:
808:
800:vassal state
789:
773:vassal state
758:
745:
741:
737:
722:
683:
679:
677:
654:
477:Succeeded by
476:
471:
279:Central Thai
194:Coat of arms
123:
117:October 2011
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
2592:Phitsanulok
2527: [
2510: [
2493: [
2481: [
2446:Tambralinga
2410:Haripuñjaya
2375: [
2342: [
2330: [
1498:Kham Mueang
1482:Kham Mueang
1411:Chiang Saen
1300:, the Shan
1262:Chiraprapha
1190:Trailokanat
1133:Lankawongse
1111:Haripunjaya
1040:Chiang Hung
998:kingdom of
972:Chiang Saen
959:Shan States
916:Bingaraṭṭha
840:ဇင်းမယ်ပြည်
816:thesaphiban
472:Preceded by
260:(1579–1775)
253:(1292–1579)
229:(1558–1775)
212: 1400
2656:Categories
2473:Chiang Mai
2436:Langkasuka
2372:Khottrabun
2367:Canasapura
2276:Since 2001
2220:Prehistory
1992:B006J541LE
1975:B006IN1RNW
1958:B006HRMYD6
1921:2013-06-08
1777:Wyatt 2003
1573:References
1430:Chiang Mai
1350:Thado Kyaw
1314:Bayinnaung
1194:Pitsanulok
1175:Tilokkarat
1163:1441–1487)
1129:Doi Suthep
1092:Chiang Mai
1012:Chiang Mai
992:Chiang Rai
941:Bābǎi Xífù
924:Babai Xifu
912:Yonaraṭṭha
861:Chiang Mai
844:pronounced
729:pronounced
698:pronounced
657:Lanna text
404:Chiang Mai
337:Tilokkarat
295:Government
238:Chiang Mai
87:newspapers
2441:Srivijaya
2405:Ngoenyang
2327:Phip Phli
2317:Dvaravati
2294:Legendary
2251:Ayutthaya
2246:Sukhothai
2213:Antiquity
1721:986596797
1688:761367976
1494:ภาษาเมือง
1354:1662–1664
1270:Chairacha
1210:Tripitaka
1121:Theravada
1064:Red river
1052:vassaldom
1020:Sukhothai
968:Ngoenyang
887:. In the
870:ယွန်းပြည်
832:Zinme Pyi
765:Ngoenyang
748:, was an
738:Lannathai
495:Ngoenyang
445:1558–1775
435:1441–1474
285:Religion
223:Tributary
180:1292–1775
2256:Thonburi
2024:(1968).
1546:See also
1457:Ong Kham
1415:Kengtung
1345:Naresuan
1278:Lan Xang
1226:Yawnghwe
1222:Mong Nai
1107:Mong Nai
1044:Jinghong
1036:Mong Nai
1032:Kengtung
970:(modern
855:being a
620:Thailand
76:"Lan Na"
2597:Bangkok
2557:Pattani
2552:Singora
2490:Lamphun
2478:Lampang
2426:Pan Pan
2384:Wen Dan
2351:Tun Sun
2239:History
1886:Sources
1442:Lamphun
1438:Lampang
1403:1785–86
1399:1775–76
1290:Bangkok
1243:Lampang
1232:Decline
1103:Viceroy
1099:Uparaja
1056:tribute
1004:Lamphun
984:mandala
980:mueangs
964:Mangrai
948:History
928:Chinese
865:Yun Pyi
836:Burmese
812:Monthon
794:of the
775:of the
718::
682:or The
625:Myanmar
451:•
428:•
325:Mangrai
306:Monarch
257:Burmese
234:Capital
101:scholar
2662:Lan Na
2519:Phayao
2502:Lan Na
2147:
2128:
2091:
2072:
2053:
2034:
2010:
1990:
1973:
1956:
1937:
1902:]
1748:
1719:
1709:
1686:
1676:
1652:
1619:
1594:
1528:
1507:mueang
1444:, and
1388:Kawila
1334:corvée
1302:saopha
1298:Mekuti
1255:Hsipaw
1247:sacked
1224:, and
1218:Hsipaw
1214:Laihka
1072:Yunnan
1048:Yunnan
1038:, and
1024:Phayao
1022:, and
938::
936:pinyin
930::
792:Taksin
417:Phayao
349:Mekuti
310:
219:Status
167:
153:
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
2567:Reman
2562:Satun
2531:]
2524:Phrae
2514:]
2497:]
2485:]
2379:]
2346:]
2334:]
1915:(PDF)
1904:(PDF)
1898:[
1453:Narai
1446:Phrae
1125:dhatu
1060:Black
1042:(now
1016:Phrae
863:; or
853:Zinme
822:Names
742:Lanna
635:China
227:Burma
108:JSTOR
94:books
2587:Isan
2322:Lavo
2145:ISBN
2126:ISBN
2089:ISBN
2070:ISBN
2051:ISBN
2032:ISBN
2008:ISBN
1988:ASIN
1971:ASIN
1954:ASIN
1935:ISBN
1746:ISBN
1717:OCLC
1707:ISBN
1684:OCLC
1674:ISBN
1650:ISBN
1617:ISBN
1592:ISBN
1526:ISBN
1502:Kham
1490:Thai
1475:and
1417:and
1407:1797
1382:and
1322:Pegu
1245:was
1241:and
1062:and
1026:and
932:八百媳妇
908:Pali
906:The
716:RTGS
707:Thai
678:The
630:Laos
422:1338
409:1292
275:Shan
171:Thai
80:news
2507:Nan
1642:doi
1484:or
1434:Nan
1292:by
1127:of
1070:of
1046:in
1030:),
1028:Nan
996:Mon
903:).
897:Lao
881:Yun
879:),
851:),
744:or
225:of
63:by
2658::
2529:th
2512:th
2495:th
2483:th
2377:th
2344:th
2332:th
2006:.
1729:^
1715:.
1682:.
1648:,
1492::
1440:,
1436:,
1432:,
1405:,
1401:,
1228:.
1220:,
1216:,
1161:r.
1117:.
1090:,
1034:,
934:;
899::
873:,
842:,
838::
806:.
787:.
727:,
713:,
709::
696:,
690::
389:,
277:,
209:c.
2198:e
2191:t
2184:v
2153:.
2134:.
2112:.
2097:.
2078:.
2059:.
2040:.
2016:.
1994:.
1977:.
1960:.
1943:.
1924:.
1754:.
1723:.
1690:.
1644::
1625:.
1600:.
1532:.
1488:(
1101:(
895:(
867:(
834:(
686:(
673:.
659:.
173:)
169:(
159:)
155:(
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
