469:. The flooding of contraband Dominican sugar into the Haitian market promoted by Delatour's policies helped seal the fate of Haiti's sugar industry. Delatour explained that these sugar companies were not productive, citing that those owned by the government such as the Darbonne Sugar Refinery and Edible Oils producing plant ENAOL were running inefficiently and swallowed an unnecessarily large amount of government funds. These two corporations were partly funded by the Telephone Company.
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followed, again with
Delatour's dismissal demanded. Namphy had believed that as he led a provisional government, that it had no business carrying out sweeping reforms. Delatour believed otherwise. There was an account that, at one point, Delatour became part of a hit list of Aristide's Interior Minister, Brigadier General Mondesir Beaubrun due to his position of taxing the elite. The minister has been accused of carrying out assassinations of Aristide's
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564:. Delatour's influence left a lasting impact, with his frameworks guiding the reconstruction efforts in Haiti. His family members played key roles in executing these plans. Delatour's approach, characterized by pro-globalization and anti-nationalism sentiments, is also seen as contributing to nostalgia for the Duvalier regimes, alongside the country's economic challenges.
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into power. His support for the deposed president was a very important factor in permitting
Aristide to be restored to office in 1994. Shortly before Aristide's restoration, Delatour and Leslie Voltaire had presented to the powers a plan titled the "Strategy of Social and Economic Reconstruction", a
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ideological position. The reform program he started in the mid-1980s was deepened under
President René Préval, elected in December 1995, with the rice tariff slashed to 3%. With his help, Haiti became the most open country to trade in the whole Caribbean area. The cement factory and the flour mill
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As such, after he left his post in
February 1988 upon the end of the provisional military government, his presence as an advisor to governments became an important consideration for international aid and loans to be made available. To appease these forces who distrusted him based on his left-wing
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In 2007, Haiti's state-owned asset, Teleco, underwent privatization for $ 59 million, resulting in the loss of 2,800 jobs. This event marked a significant shift in Haiti's economic landscape, leading to its reputation as one of the most privatized nations globally. Notably, this period saw the
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dubbed this appointment the "death plan". In June 1986, five days of major protests took place throughout Haiti, the protesters demanding
Delatour's resignation. Henri Namphy said that this led to "almost a civil war" and promised to hold elections as a result. A November 1986 general strike
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Under his policies, Haiti's per capita income plummeted to $ 329 in 2000, compared to $ 600 in 1980 during the height of Jean-Claude
Duvalier's rule. Delatour's strategies led to a loss of self-sufficiency in rice production, leaving the country dependent on food imports and susceptible to
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introduced under Jean-Claude
Duvalier, arguing that he was removing the means through which corrupt officials could steal development aid and sabotage profitable planning. He argued further that his reforms were reducing prices for food and other essentials.
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trade helping to denude the hills further. The new imports of U.S. subsidized rice were protected by military convoys to protect it from peasants who tried to stop its transportation, part of the unrest his policies were causing. For this, the
402:. Bazin became favored in international circles for an anti-corruption drive that he held as Finance Minister but was removed from his post after five months. After Jean-Claude Duvalier was ousted on 7 February 1986, Delatour was chosen to be
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was shut down in April 1987 days after the Usine Sucrière des Cayes announced it was closing; these two events cost over 40,000 jobs. Delatour had shut down both state-owned sugar mills; the Usine Sucrière
Nationale de Darbonne in the
534:, whose businesses included the rice importation that was damaging the Haitian peasantry, into the premiership. After Aristide capitulated to this demand, Delatour accepted the post of Governor of the
551:'s first term in 1998. He died in 2001. His widow is now René Préval's wife and his brothers Lionel Delatour and Patrick Delatour occupy important roles in the Haitian economy. He has 5 children.
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His decision to open the country up to subsidized
American rice helped drive domestic producers out of business and to the capital, Port-au-Prince, and most notably in the rapidly expanding
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were privatized in 1997 under the terms of his plan; both were since shut down, leaving Haiti without a flour mill nor with a cement factory. He left midway through
President
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dictated that Haiti move much of its rural population to the cities where they could serve as cheap labor for industrial assembly plants as part of the global supply chain.
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In October 1994, after Aristide was restored to the presidency, Delatour threatened to not be involved in the government in order to force the neoliberal
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set of neoliberal reforms, dubbed in Haiti "The American Plan", which helped convince the U.S. to proceed with Aristide's restoration.
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Adam Silvia, "The Day the Banks Stood Still: Haiti, The United States, and Monetary Policy in the 1980s", Florida State University
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fluctuations in global food prices. Another consequence was the government's inability to effectively respond to the catastrophic
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on imported rice and reduced the budget of the government agricultural agency in the rice-producing
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by 30%. He reasoned that Haitians were wasting their time with inefficient agriculture, that the
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Lisa McGowan, "Democracy Undermined", Development Group for Alternative Policies, January 1997
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described him in 1987 as "reviled" in Haiti but celebrated by the U.S. government and by the
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Haiti's sugar industry was hit hard by his policies as Haiti's sugar company
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688:"Haiti: The Effortpost, Part I (1492–1991) : Laissez's Faire"
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His first notable job in Haiti was working in 1982 for Finance Minister
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Todd Robberson, "Aristide Selects Business Leader for Prime Minister",
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area in the autumn of 1986 and also the Usine Sucrière Citadelle in
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Silencing the Guns in Haiti: The Promise of Deliberative Democracy
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387:, United States. His widow has since married Haiti's President
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885:"Michael Dobbs, Free Market Left Haiti's Rice Growers Behind"
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decline of Haitian agriculture and the population growth of
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starting in April 1986 under the dictatorship of General
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Politics Or Markets?: Essays on Haitian Underdevelopment
999:"Haiti 2010: Exploiting disaster | Pambazuka News"
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Mark D Danner, "The Struggle for a Democratic Haiti",
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207:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
792:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp.
514:In September 1991, Delatour openly condemned the
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1069:Governors of the Bank of the Republic of Haiti
391:and his family maintains influence in Haiti.
1034:Allan Nairn, "Aristide Banks on Austerity",
860:. New York: Human Rights Watch. p. 12.
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
285:Learn how and when to remove this message
267:Learn how and when to remove this message
165:Learn how and when to remove this message
103:Learn how and when to remove this message
856:Hooper, Michael; Americas Watch (1986).
429:closed all Haiti's ports except that of
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843:"Hasco Closes ITS Doors - May 1987"
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686:Krinkle, Henry (13 January 2010).
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518:that deposed Aristide and brought
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657:"Beyond the Mountains (Part III)"
655:Danner, Mark (11 December 1989).
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765:. New York: The Overlook Press.
629:Cassen, Bernard (October 1997).
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761:Abbott, Elizabeth (2011).
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723:. Routledge. p. 313.
763:Haiti: A Shattered Nation
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343:Johns Hopkins University
817:Pierre, Claude (2015).
786:Stotzky, Irwin (1999).
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717:Lundahl, Mats (2002).
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538:where he raised the
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404:Minister of Finance
351:Minister of Finance
323:Minister of Finance
1079:Haitian economists
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427:François Duvalier
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576:References
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439:Artibonite
396:Marc Bazin
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337:Biography
307:economist
257:July 2022
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