281:
414:
difference is added to their opponents' average rating to compute their performance rating. For example, some of the scores a player may need to achieve a GM norm in a nine-round tournament are 7/9 against 2380-rated opponents, 6½/9 against 2434-rated opponents, or 4½/9 against 2600-rated opponents. Moreover, there are other requirements such as having one-third of a player's opponents be grandmasters. Although players generally need three GM norms, the exact requirement is for them to have 27 games between all of their norms. As a result, they may need one extra norm if their tournaments are shorter than the usual required length of at least nine games.
3319:
195:
3427:
255:, Rome, and Amsterdam respectively, the middle of which drew widespread attention because of Sofia's very high performance rating of around 2900, well above the norm requirement. Judit was also already ranked in the top 100 in 1989 at the age of 12, and later peaked at No. 8 in the world in 2003. In 1991, both Susan and Judit achieved the Grandmaster title. Susan was the third female grandmaster, and the first to earn the title with a complete set of GM norms based on performance rating and satisfying the rating requirement. Judit achieved her final GM norm as part of her victory in the open
3382:
3489:
2990:
2637:
2582:
2164:
1682:
1444:
1273:
936:
3328:
3672:
3942:
1164:
3436:
32:
369:
4023:
406:
a loss is worth -5 rating points. These values increase against higher-rated opponents and decrease against lower-rated opponents. Players can gain or lose no more than 10 rating points for a win or a loss respectively, and can gain or lose no more than 5 rating points for a draw. Although FIDE ratings are only published at the start of every month, the required rating for the
Grandmaster title of 2500 can be achieved in the middle of a rating period or even the middle of a tournament.
3834:
1222:
2466:
360:
3807:
2874:
3969:
1927:
4050:
3888:
3726:
1746:
1103:
3699:
3645:
3543:
2527:
2289:
2228:
1988:
1867:
1328:
827:
767:
4077:
3516:
2698:
2405:
1627:
705:
645:
3373:
3996:
990:
3780:
2935:
442:(EWCC). This regulation for the Olympiad began in 2005 and was discontinued in 2017. The regulation for the continental championships was discontinued earlier in 2014. Previously from 2003 to 2005, players could be directly awarded the Grandmaster title if they achieved just the performance rating of 2600 required for a typical GM norm, a feat known as a GM performance, over at least 12 games at a continental championship.
3915:
885:
3861:
1566:
3753:
3618:
2813:
2048:
1806:
1505:
1389:
3570:
3045:
2109:
1045:
4198:
motivated by FIDE not wanting her to be affected by planned rule changes that would make it more difficult to complete the requirements in the future. The exact requirement to obtain the GM title through norms at the time was for players to have 24 games between all the tournaments where they earned GM norms. FIDE was planning to increase the number of required games to 30, as it had been before.
9694:
8966:
4136:
100:. Although there were only six female grandmasters by 2000 and the number of female grandmasters has never been more than a few percent of the total, the turn of the century saw a substantial increase in the number of women to be awarded the title. This increase in the number of grandmasters has made it possible to stage women-only round-robin tournaments such as
3353:
3407:
426:
Winning the Women's World
Championship did not always confer a direct award of the title. Around the time Maia Chiburdanidze was world champion, each World Championship match win only resulted in a norm and thus three match wins or other norms were needed to obtain the title. Around the time Xie Jun
405:
system, which was first implemented in 1970. They depend only on the results of individual games at FIDE-rated tournaments. For a player who has previously been rated above 2400 playing against an opponent with an identical rating, a win is worth 5 rating points, a draw is worth 0 rating points, and
304:
then became the youngest female grandmaster in 2008 at 14 years and 6 months. Hou also reached the top 100 in 2014, peaking at No. 55 a year later. At some point by 2003, FIDE changed their regulations and began awarding the
Grandmaster title to players who win the Women's World Championship if they
173:
in that the requirements depended on a player's score in a few individual tournaments with a specified percentage of titled players. FIDE modified these criteria to have GM norms (then called GM results) take into account a tournament's average rating of the competing players in 1970 when they first
417:
A player can circumvent these requirements and achieve a norm or be awarded the title directly if they achieve certain results at specified tournaments. The regulation that has been most relevant to female players is that any winner of the Women's World
Championship who is not already a grandmaster
4197:
even though he also only had one norm. The decision was made because he exceeded the required score in that norm and came within a ½ point of another norm at a different tournament. Gaprindashvili's situation was similar in that she had also missed another norm by a ½ point. The decision was also
340:
that began in 2019. All but one of the ten players in the 2020 Cairns Cup were grandmasters. When the
Candidates tournament was revived in 2019 to decide the next World Championship challenger, all of the competitors were grandmasters rated above 2500. While there has continued to be more female
413:
of at least 2600 to achieve a GM norm at a tournament. A player's performance rating depends on their score in the tournament and the average rating of their opponents. The player's score is converted to a rating difference according to a published conversion table of values, and that rating
227:
succeeded her compatriot
Gaprindashvili as Women's World Champion in 1978 and became the second woman to obtain the Grandmaster title in 1984 through her three World Championship match wins. Later on, she also became the first woman ranked in the top 100, peaking at No. 43 in 1988.
149:
were referred to as "grandmasters" in reference to them all having previously won international tournaments. Separate from FIDE, the Soviet Union also designated their own grandmasters as early as 1927. Informal use of the term continued until 1950 when FIDE officially awarded the
115:
As of 2023, all female grandmasters are alive, and the vast majority who obtained the title since 2000 are still active. China and Russia have had the most female grandmasters, and seven countries have had more than one. Nearly all female grandmasters are from Europe or Asia, and
3462:
The following table shows the number of active female grandmasters from each national federation, as well as the count of all female grandmasters according to their current federation, their federation at the time they were awarded the title, and the overall total.
341:
grandmasters, the rate of new women to achieve the title has thus far peaked a little before the 2010s. As the overall number of grandmasters has increased from about 300 in 1990 to over 1700 by 2020, women still make up no more than a few percent of the total.
145:(FIDE) was established in 1924 as the governing body of competitive chess. At the time, the term "grandmaster" was already being informally used to describe the world's leading chess players since the players competing in the Championship section of the
223:. The following year, FIDE decided to directly award her the Grandmaster title because of that first norm and her other accomplishments, bypassing the typical requirement for players to have achieved two or three norms to earn the GM title.
295:
ended that stretch in 2001, the next two decades rarely saw gaps of more than a year without a new female grandmaster. Judit Polgár's record as the youngest female grandmaster lasted a little over a decade until it was broken by
214:
after about 15 years as Women's World
Champion, she became the first woman to achieve a GM norm. Gaprindashvili compiled a performance rating of 2647 and scored 6½/9 to finish in joint first with three others, including GMs
280:
7176:
5262:
271:
soon followed in obtaining the
Grandmaster title in the next few years, and were the last two to do so before 2000. Xie was the first female grandmaster from outside Europe and the second grandmaster from China overall.
427:
was world champion, only two World
Championship match wins were required to obtain the title. Beginning in 1993, the requirements changed to a direct award of the Grandmaster title simply for winning the championship.
4183:
Elsewhere in this article, the term "grandmaster" only refers to players who have achieved the GM title, and not in particular to those who have achieved the WGM title. Most women with the GM title also have the WGM
235:, back then still a part of the Soviet Union, the Polgár sisters ended the Soviet Union's four-decades-long domination over women's chess as all three sisters helped lead Hungary to the gold medal at the
6632:
4207:
This maximum value for the rating change of 10 is known as the K-factor or the development coefficient, and is typically stated as K=10. Lower-rated players have higher values of K=20 or K=40.
434:
and continental championships as "double norms" over 20 games. As a result, it was common for players to need only one additional norm plus the rating requirement if they earned a norm at the
4829:
124:
and was lowered again in 2008 by Hou Yifan, who became a grandmaster at age 14. Beyond the players who hold the GM title, there are over 400 additional women who have achieved the separate
6524:
5437:
6289:
9207:
9001:
332:
With the increase in number of female grandmasters, it has been possible to stage women-only round-robin tournaments featuring mostly grandmasters. These include some of the
5718:
4248:
Players without a national federation can play under the FIDE flag. Both such players as of 2023, Valentina Gunina and
Aleksandra Goryachkina, previously played for Russia.
5663:
6341:
5878:
4234:
It is unclear if Chiburdanidze was directly awarded the GM title as a three-time WWC winner or if she earned one norm for each title and had no other norms at the time.
88:
became the first woman to achieve the Grandmaster title through a full set of standard norms based on performance rating. Later that year at age 15, her younger sister
5237:
104:
events that feature predominantly grandmasters. At the same time, in an era where the Grandmaster title is no longer indicative of the upper echelon of chess overall,
84:, was the first woman to become a grandmaster in 1978, receiving the title largely by virtue of being the first woman to achieve a GM norm a year earlier. In 1991,
186:
of 2600 are still based on a player's score, but instead depend on the average rating of the player's opponents rather than all of the players in the tournament.
6628:
3403:
The following chart illustrates the cumulative number of female grandmasters by age based on the date when each player achieved the GM title (the title date).
5743:
4216:
A player's score is their number of points divided by their number of games. A win is worth 1 point, a draw is worth a ½ point, and a loss is worth 0 points.
6796:
5406:
3349:
The following chart illustrates the total number of female grandmasters by year based on the date when each player achieved the GM title (the title date).
4647:
4772:
7512:
6658:
291:
After over six years without another woman achieving the Grandmaster title, the next century saw a much larger influx of new female grandmasters. Once
6685:
5375:
4354:
4323:
6146:
4936:
9041:
6493:
4821:
5782:
5013:
4863:
6516:
5818:
5296:
120:
of the United States is the only one from another continent. Judit Polgár's record for the youngest female grandmaster was beaten in 2002 by
4909:
4604:
259:
to become the fourth female grandmaster. At the age of 15 years and 5 months, she also became the youngest grandmaster in history, breaking
74:, the Grandmaster title is awarded for life and does not require a player to maintain a performance level or remain active after the award.
6375:
6823:
6462:
4569:
169:
FIDE first established formal criteria for the Grandmaster title in 1953. These criteria included precursors to the modern-day concept of
5429:
6281:
5494:
8746:
6258:
4487:
4959:
5348:
4712:
9008:
8298:
5607:
3453:
5711:
5689:
5105:
54:(FIDE). The Grandmaster title was formally established by FIDE in 1950. Modern regulations typically require players to achieve a
8761:
8721:
6220:
5629:
5322:
4798:
6580:
6318:
6198:
6063:
5930:
5904:
5655:
9724:
9120:
9084:
8741:
6401:
5848:
439:
6345:
1204:
8736:
7160:
7138:
7119:
7097:
7075:
7053:
6971:
6933:
6914:
6120:
5870:
5229:
5137:
9197:
8288:
6432:
5203:
509:
Month the last requirement for the GM title was completed. Direct awards indicated in notes. Unclear cases are italicized.
5467:
5073:
4991:
9064:
8681:
8544:
8529:
8293:
5170:
3082:
3027:
2972:
2911:
2850:
2790:
2735:
2619:
2503:
2442:
2381:
2204:
2146:
2085:
2025:
609:
305:
are not already grandmasters. Since then, four players have obtained the Grandmaster title in this manner, most recently
67:
5960:
1964:
401:
FIDE ranks players according to their official FIDE ratings published each month. These ratings are determined using an
9729:
9171:
9125:
8819:
8284:
8279:
5581:
5552:
5523:
4430:
2265:
1904:
1843:
1783:
1722:
1664:
1603:
1542:
1481:
1426:
1365:
232:
81:
7607:
6742:
9135:
8756:
8656:
8549:
8514:
7041:
6952:
6554:
6172:
287:(right) broke Judit Polgár's record to become the youngest female grandmaster in 2002 and held the record until 2008.
6602:
384:(right) only needed two norms because a past rule counted her 11-game norm at the European championship as 20 games.
182:
of 2450, a threshold that was later increased to the modern-day requirement of 2500. Modern GM norms that require a
9130:
9069:
8726:
8716:
8634:
8519:
7269:
7264:
6712:
5750:
4453:
243:
had already become the top-rated female chess player in 1984 at age 15. Between 1988 and 1989, all three of Susan,
4742:
9110:
8711:
8701:
7217:
6792:
5398:
380:(left) required four norms to obtain the Grandmaster title because her first norm was achieved over seven games.
159:
525:
Highest published FIDE rating during a player's career as of July 2023, referenced by the player's FIDE profile
263:'s previous record from 1958 of 15 years and 6 months. She held the overall record for a little over two years.
8706:
8696:
8691:
7354:
7316:
4639:
9115:
8841:
8751:
8686:
8262:
8024:
7575:
4764:
6769:
6654:
5047:
533:
First and last years a player was the Women's World Champion (WWC). Multiple reigns are specified in notes.
154:(GM) title to 27 of the world's top past and present players who were still alive, none of whom were women.
9166:
9031:
8100:
7580:
6681:
5371:
4346:
4319:
4159:
256:
146:
93:
23:
9734:
9156:
8855:
8804:
8509:
6142:
4932:
66:
of 2600 to be awarded the title, although there are various exceptions. Since 1993, players who win the
9161:
9151:
9089:
9079:
8928:
8906:
8814:
8799:
8458:
8410:
8405:
8395:
8063:
7741:
7585:
6485:
4164:
410:
333:
183:
101:
63:
5775:
390:
The modern requirements as of 2022 to obtain the Grandmaster title are essentially to reach a minimum
9074:
8860:
8794:
8644:
8539:
8534:
8383:
7013:
435:
5021:
4855:
9202:
9105:
8836:
8809:
8651:
8368:
7761:
7756:
7713:
7612:
6629:"Women's Grand Prix Geneva Round 9: Muzychuk and Khotenashvili won their games and keep on leading"
5810:
7447:
5288:
4596:
9392:
8994:
8945:
8470:
8135:
6367:
4901:
3394:
3193:
A. Muzychuk: Ukraine → Slovenia (2004), Slovenia → Ukraine (2014); awarded GM title with Slovenia
1734:
325:
both joined Susan and Judit Polgár as pairs of sisters to both be awarded the Grandmaster title.
211:
210:
was the first woman since Menchik to be competitive against high-level male players. At the 1977
7481:
9442:
9407:
9346:
8524:
8453:
7751:
7597:
7502:
7347:
7279:
6819:
6454:
4561:
3449:
3444:
As of August 2023, China and Russia have had the most female grandmasters in total. Chinese GM
2747:
1916:
8661:
8584:
8465:
8165:
8160:
7847:
7570:
7529:
7311:
6869:
5490:
7090:
Chess Queens: The True Story of a Chess Champion and the Greatest Female Players of All Time
6250:
4681:
409:
A norm is a performance at a title level at a FIDE-rated tournament. Players need to have a
8373:
8310:
8269:
8230:
8012:
8002:
7932:
7746:
7677:
7602:
7487:
7286:
8:
9628:
9562:
9547:
9487:
9477:
9467:
9432:
9289:
9279:
9254:
8826:
8606:
8353:
8240:
8210:
8180:
8152:
8125:
8068:
7969:
7937:
7897:
7852:
7565:
7507:
7382:
7330:
7325:
7252:
7210:
4704:
4154:
3340:
3336:
2393:
2037:
1152:
1091:
633:
314:
236:
207:
151:
77:
47:
8363:
6344:[IX Individual European Championship] (in French). Europe Echecs. Archived from
5603:
38:, the highest-rated female player in history, was once the youngest grandmaster overall.
9664:
9623:
9482:
9402:
9387:
9259:
8933:
8831:
8574:
8378:
8019:
7907:
7870:
7519:
7387:
5685:
5098:
3339:(left) was the first woman to achieve the GM title in November 1978; as of April 2024,
2862:
1795:
694:
381:
310:
224:
109:
9517:
6228:
5430:"I might never have become a chess grandmaster if I'd stuck to women-only tournaments"
5318:
4794:
4269:
3318:
2923:
477:
Current national federation as of July 2023. Previous federations specified in notes.
9452:
9422:
9397:
8916:
8789:
8601:
8559:
8485:
8437:
8420:
8400:
8252:
8190:
8130:
8105:
7952:
7917:
7912:
7892:
7880:
7723:
7691:
7657:
7637:
7474:
7468:
7429:
7296:
7156:
7134:
7115:
7093:
7071:
7049:
7029:
7021:
6997:
6989:
6967:
6948:
6929:
6910:
6576:
6397:
6314:
6194:
6059:
5926:
5900:
5344:
3521:
2703:
2686:
2410:
2097:
1632:
1319:
710:
650:
194:
125:
19:
5840:
4684:[The strongest chess player ever] (in Dutch). Max Euwe Centre. 24 April 2020
541:
Player's GM title application, linked from their initials. Links to norm specifics.
9618:
9447:
9244:
9239:
8911:
8784:
8626:
8569:
8475:
8425:
8274:
8220:
8215:
8205:
8120:
8041:
8031:
8007:
7974:
7546:
7460:
7234:
7131:
Vera Menchik: A Biography of the First Women's World Chess Champion, with 350 Games
7085:
6981:
6898:
3435:
2338:
198:
The Polgár sisters (pictured in 1988) all obtained GM norms before the age of 20.
178:
system. No earlier than 1977, FIDE added a requirement that players must achieve a
18:
This article is about players with the GM title. For info about the WGM title, see
3426:
3381:
3327:
329:
was the first player from outside Europe or Asia to be awarded the title in 2013.
9649:
9592:
9512:
9417:
9304:
8876:
8850:
8671:
8666:
8616:
8554:
8358:
8333:
8318:
8115:
8073:
8056:
7957:
7875:
7837:
7815:
7800:
7731:
7708:
7667:
7662:
7541:
7524:
7364:
6284:[Chess History (14): The Indestructible Zhaoqin Peng (1997 to present)].
6098:
5133:
4194:
3103:
Gaprindashvili: Soviet Union → Georgia (1992); awarded GM title with Soviet Union
2515:
1976:
1855:
322:
9542:
9527:
9371:
9330:
8140:
8051:
7063:
6424:
5459:
5195:
3112:
Chiburdanidze: Soviet Union → Georgia (1992); awarded GM title with Soviet Union
1554:
816:
248:
89:
35:
9703:
9644:
9608:
9497:
9427:
9017:
8975:
8891:
8639:
8480:
8343:
8338:
8175:
8170:
8036:
7994:
7964:
7793:
7736:
7624:
7592:
7558:
7551:
7536:
7497:
7492:
7419:
7414:
7259:
7203:
5069:
4987:
4149:
1615:
1377:
431:
5162:
549:
Additional references if needed or complementary to the GM title application.
112:
as female grandmasters who have been ranked in the top 100 among all players.
9718:
9659:
9613:
9557:
9507:
9366:
9299:
9249:
8950:
8940:
8923:
8596:
8579:
8501:
8390:
8348:
8328:
8110:
8092:
8083:
8046:
7979:
7902:
7887:
7842:
7825:
7820:
7810:
7642:
7404:
7342:
7185:
7107:
7033:
7009:
6902:
6605:. FIDE World Women's Chess Championship 2012. 1 December 2012. Archived from
6019:
5994:
5952:
3677:
2471:
2277:
2216:
418:
is directly awarded the Grandmaster title. Any runner-up receives a GM norm.
377:
318:
260:
216:
97:
5577:
5548:
5516:
4426:
2903:
2727:
2556:
2434:
2318:
2257:
2017:
1956:
1896:
1775:
1656:
1418:
1357:
736:
674:
162:
before that year, was not considered because she had already been killed in
9698:
9654:
9532:
9522:
9472:
9412:
9361:
9269:
9234:
9192:
8970:
8896:
8881:
8611:
8432:
8415:
8323:
8257:
8200:
8195:
7927:
7922:
7862:
7805:
7696:
7652:
7424:
7409:
7399:
7335:
7301:
7274:
7242:
7001:
6734:
4562:"Hou Yifan Interview: 'Competing With Top Males Is Talent And Opportunity'"
4141:
4028:
3074:
3019:
2964:
2842:
2782:
2666:
2611:
2495:
2373:
2193:
2138:
2077:
1835:
1711:
1595:
1473:
1302:
1251:
1213:
1193:
1132:
1074:
1036:
1019:
965:
914:
873:
756:
395:
297:
284:
264:
244:
240:
199:
170:
163:
155:
121:
85:
59:
6546:
6168:
1534:
856:
796:
158:, who regularly competed against high-level male players and was the only
9669:
9552:
9537:
9502:
9492:
9309:
8986:
8245:
8235:
7984:
7947:
7830:
7441:
7436:
7394:
7247:
6606:
3947:
3839:
3175:
Arakhamia-Grant: Soviet Union → Georgia (1992), Georgia → Scotland (2008)
3121:
S. Polgar: Hungary → United States (2002), United States → Hungary (2019)
2628:
2573:
2454:
1493:
1227:
1169:
391:
326:
306:
220:
179:
117:
71:
55:
31:
6708:
3397:(right) was the oldest at age 40. Both players earned the title in 2008.
9437:
9187:
8886:
7942:
7778:
7768:
7701:
7685:
7377:
4734:
3812:
3352:
3036:
2879:
2802:
402:
337:
175:
7448:
6793:"Elisabeth Paehtz: "For every kilo I gained, I gained ten Elo points""
6282:"Schaakhistorie (14): De onverwoestbare Zhaoqin Peng (1997 tot heden)"
3406:
9674:
9587:
9462:
9457:
9356:
9351:
9314:
9294:
8901:
8225:
8185:
7788:
7783:
7672:
7647:
7372:
5686:"FIDE Title Regulations effective from 1 July 2014 till 30 June 2017"
3974:
3445:
3390:
2981:
2155:
1932:
1673:
368:
359:
301:
105:
8779:
3139:
Kosteniuk: Russia → Switzerland (2023); awarded GM title with Russia
9582:
9577:
9572:
9284:
9274:
8589:
7632:
4990:[10 fast with ... Pia Cramling] (in Swedish). Finansschac.
4055:
3893:
3731:
1751:
1435:
1265:
1108:
982:
292:
4398:
4396:
9567:
9264:
7306:
7148:
6765:
5491:"How Many Hours Of Chess Study Does It Take To Be A Grandmaster?"
5043:
4082:
3785:
3704:
3650:
3548:
2940:
2532:
2294:
2233:
1993:
1872:
1333:
928:
832:
772:
268:
7025:
6993:
4296:
251:
earned their first GM norms as teenagers in open tournaments in
7773:
4393:
3920:
3866:
3758:
3623:
2818:
2053:
1811:
1571:
1510:
1394:
890:
7226:
7190:
6846:
5776:"FIDE Handbook 2005: International Title Regulations of FIDE"
5712:"FIDE Handbook 2009: International Title Regulations of FIDE"
5099:"FIDE Handbook 2003: International Title Regulations of FIDE"
5016:[Qingdao Daily: Xie Jun-I am the daughter of Jilin].
4193:
The previous year, FIDE had awarded the Grandmaster title to
4001:
3575:
3494:
3166:
Lagno: Ukraine → Russia (2014); awarded GM title with Ukraine
3050:
2995:
2642:
2587:
2169:
2114:
1687:
1449:
1278:
1050:
995:
941:
252:
108:
has been the only player since 2000 to join Judit Polgár and
43:
7291:
7180:
4468:
4381:
3595:
3372:
2757:
2348:
142:
51:
4619:
4507:
4505:
4369:
1731:
5230:"And The Winner Is... Women's World Champion Tan Zhongyi"
4662:
3066:
3055:
3011:
3000:
2956:
2945:
2895:
2884:
2834:
2823:
2774:
2763:
2744:
2719:
2708:
2658:
2647:
2603:
2592:
2548:
2537:
2487:
2476:
2426:
2415:
2365:
2354:
2310:
2299:
2249:
2238:
2185:
2174:
2130:
2119:
2069:
2058:
2009:
1998:
1948:
1937:
1888:
1877:
1827:
1816:
1767:
1756:
1703:
1692:
1648:
1637:
1587:
1576:
1526:
1515:
1465:
1454:
1410:
1399:
1349:
1338:
1294:
1283:
1243:
1232:
1185:
1174:
1124:
1113:
1066:
1055:
1011:
1000:
957:
946:
906:
895:
848:
837:
788:
777:
727:
715:
666:
655:
9693:
8965:
7195:
7153:
Chess Champion from China: The Life and Games of Xie Jun
6078:
6037:
5656:"Chess Player Sues FIDE For Not Giving Him The GM Title"
5319:"FIDE Women's Grand Prix Rostov 2011 Tournament Players"
4822:"Best Woman to Ever Play Chess Retires From Competition"
4135:
3393:(left) was the youngest woman to become a GM at age 14;
3130:
Zhu C: China → Qatar (2006); awarded GM title with China
6847:"Aleksandra Goryachkina wins in New Delhi on tiebreaks"
5578:"FIDE Rating Regulations effective from 1 January 2022"
5044:"Announcing winners of FIDE Trainer Awards for 2020-21"
4502:
4427:"FIDE Title Regulations effective from 1 January 2022"
4284:
2390:
2034:
1149:
1088:
630:
6169:"2002 2nd quarter FIDE Presidential Board Communique"
5975:
5093:
5091:
4540:
4538:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4411:
2859:
1792:
691:
70:
are directly awarded the Grandmaster title. Like all
6486:"Short Allows Ivanchuk to Overtake Him at Gibraltar"
5604:"Table for Direct Titles effective from 1 July 2017"
5572:
5570:
4640:"My Top 10 Most Memorable Moments in Chess (Part 3)"
4244:
4242:
4240:
4131:
2683:
2094:
1913:
202:(right) and Judit (center) both became grandmasters.
3281:Multiple reigns of the Women's World Championship:
3229:
Kosteniuk: GM performance over 12 games at the EWCC
2335:
231:Following these first two female grandmasters from
5768:
5736:
5704:
5678:
5622:
5088:
4529:
4408:
2920:
2512:
1973:
1852:
5567:
4517:
4347:"The Top 5 Best Female Chess Players of All Time"
4237:
1612:
1374:
587:
584:
136:
9716:
6986:The Official Blue Book and Encyclopedia of Chess
6897:
6309:
6307:
6054:
6052:
5630:"Requirements for the titles designated in 0.31"
5372:"Seven things that made Cairns Cup 2020 special"
4895:
4893:
4891:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4302:
2274:
2213:
613:
605:
602:
596:
96:in history, breaking the previous record set by
5399:"Goryachkina powers towards Candidates triumph"
5136:. Chess Federation of Russia. 29 October 2021.
1551:
870:
813:
753:
189:
128:(WGM) title, which has different requirements.
3238:Peng: GM performance over 12 games at the EWCC
2451:
1490:
440:European Individual Women's Chess Championship
336:events that have been held since 2009 and the
9002:
7211:
7040:
6603:"Anna Ushenina became the new World Champion"
6304:
6049:
4878:
4474:
4402:
3343:(right) was the most recent in December 2023.
2799:
349:
6945:The Rating of Chessplayers, Past and Present
6682:"Mariya Muzychuk is the 15th World Champion"
4902:"The Youngest Chess Grandmasters In History"
300:in 2002 at the age of 15 years and 1 month.
7020:(1 ed.). Sutton Coldfield: Chess Ltd.
6947:(2nd ed.). New York: Arco Publishing.
6926:Chess International Titleholders, 1950–2016
5871:"Chiburdanidze Keeps Her World Chess Title"
5749:. FIDE Arbiters' Commission. Archived from
5157:
5155:
4982:
4980:
4933:"Judit Polgar: How I beat Fischer's record"
517:Player's age at the time of the title date
430:In the past, FIDE had counted norms at the
9016:
9009:
8995:
7218:
7204:
7068:Judit Polgar – How I Beat Fischer's Record
6711:. Gibraltar International Chess Festival.
6143:"Humpy beats Judit Polgar by three months"
5020:(in Chinese). 17 July 2007. Archived from
4849:
4847:
4555:
4553:
4320:"'A GM is a GM'? – FIDE title devaluation"
7008:
6964:Women in Chess: Players of the Modern Age
6923:
6817:
6784:
6213:
6084:
6043:
5549:"Tatiana Kosintseva GM Title Application"
5190:
5188:
4899:
4797:. World Chess Hall of Fame. 11 May 2021.
4387:
7133:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland.
7106:
6980:
6966:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland.
6928:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland.
6763:
6706:
6514:
6096:
5396:
5282:
5280:
5152:
4977:
4375:
4313:
4311:
4290:
3405:
3351:
3184:Danielian: Soviet Union → Armenia (1992)
501:Year FIDE awarded the player's GM title
394:of 2500 and achieve three tournament GM
279:
193:
30:
7084:
6870:"Vaishali Rameshbabu Achieves GM Title"
6655:"WGP Geneva: Khotenashvili leads alone"
6484:McClain, Dylan Loeb (4 February 2011).
6483:
6339:
5805:
5803:
5653:
5369:
5257:
5255:
4960:"Chess: Triumph of age over experience"
4957:
4844:
4819:
4625:
4591:
4589:
4587:
4550:
421:
50:(GM), the highest title awarded by the
9717:
7128:
7062:
6961:
6790:
6766:"Round 9: Zhansaya's marathon victory"
6679:
6635:from the original on 26 September 2020
6422:
5981:
5488:
5427:
5370:Mukhuty, Satanick (19 February 2020).
5227:
5223:
5221:
5185:
4930:
4853:
4820:McClain, Dylan Loeb (23 August 2014).
4702:
4668:
4637:
4511:
4317:
3035:
2980:
2952:
2919:
2891:
2858:
2830:
2798:
2770:
2743:
2715:
2682:
2654:
2627:
2599:
2572:
2511:
2483:
2450:
2422:
2389:
2361:
2334:
2306:
2273:
2245:
2212:
2154:
2126:
2093:
2065:
2033:
2005:
1972:
1944:
1912:
1884:
1851:
1823:
1791:
1763:
1730:
1699:
1672:
1644:
1611:
1583:
1550:
1522:
1489:
1461:
1434:
1373:
1318:
1239:
1212:
1181:
1148:
1035:
981:
927:
902:
869:
844:
812:
752:
690:
629:
8990:
7199:
7046:Batsford's FIDE Chess Yearbook 1976/7
6909:(1 ed.). London: Cadogan Books.
6844:
6818:Schormann, Conrad (5 December 2022).
6799:from the original on 11 November 2021
6715:from the original on 21 December 2021
6688:from the original on 21 December 2021
6661:from the original on 25 December 2021
6583:from the original on 25 November 2021
6557:from the original on 15 December 2021
6527:from the original on 25 December 2021
6496:from the original on 25 December 2021
6465:from the original on 8 September 2021
6435:from the original on 24 December 2021
6321:from the original on 22 November 2018
6292:from the original on 24 December 2021
6175:from the original on 22 December 2021
6066:from the original on 15 December 2018
5963:from the original on 21 December 2021
5907:from the original on 22 December 2021
5881:from the original on 23 December 2021
5724:from the original on 29 December 2021
5692:from the original on 25 December 2021
5666:from the original on 25 December 2021
5584:from the original on 18 December 2021
5555:from the original on 22 December 2021
5529:from the original on 22 December 2021
5409:from the original on 25 December 2021
5378:from the original on 25 December 2021
5325:from the original on 25 December 2021
5286:
5277:
5263:"List of players (Title: GM; Sex: F)"
5240:from the original on 25 November 2021
5140:from the original on 24 December 2021
5128:
5126:
5111:from the original on 29 December 2021
5076:from the original on 25 December 2021
5050:from the original on 25 December 2021
4994:from the original on 22 December 2021
4939:from the original on 24 December 2021
4900:Steincamp, Isaac (27 February 2020).
4866:from the original on 24 December 2021
4832:from the original on 15 December 2021
4801:from the original on 25 December 2021
4775:from the original on 24 February 2020
4715:from the original on 24 December 2021
4650:from the original on 24 December 2021
4433:from the original on 19 December 2021
4357:from the original on 24 December 2021
4345:Green, Nathaniel (22 February 2021).
4344:
4308:
616:
608:
599:
593:
590:
344:
6867:
6826:from the original on 5 December 2022
6745:from the original on 26 October 2022
6515:Nandanan, Hari Hara (24 July 2011).
6342:"IX Championnat d'Europe Individuel"
6261:from the original on 19 October 2020
6149:from the original on 7 December 2021
5933:from the original on 8 February 2021
5851:from the original on 28 January 2022
5821:from the original on 21 October 2020
5800:
5610:from the original on 23 October 2021
5517:"Anna Muzychuk GM Title Application"
5497:from the original on 7 December 2021
5440:from the original on 20 October 2021
5351:from the original on 28 October 2021
5299:from the original on 8 November 2021
5252:
5206:from the original on 6 November 2021
5173:from the original on 7 November 2021
4958:Hartson, William (1 February 1994).
4912:from the original on 7 November 2020
4745:from the original on 24 October 2018
4607:from the original on 7 November 2021
4584:
4326:from the original on 4 December 2021
3301:Hou: 2010–2012, 2013–2015, 2016–2017
3070:
3015:
2960:
2899:
2838:
2778:
2723:
2662:
2607:
2552:
2491:
2430:
2369:
2253:
2200:
2189:
2134:
2073:
2013:
1952:
1892:
1831:
1652:
1591:
1530:
1469:
1353:
1298:
1189:
1128:
1070:
1015:
961:
852:
792:
732:
457:
7147:
6942:
6517:"Harika second woman GM from India"
6279:
5218:
5006:
4572:from the original on 2 October 2019
4559:
4544:
4523:
4488:"Interview: GM Nona Gaprindashvili"
4451:
13:
9126:European Junior Chess Championship
7092:. London: Hodder & Stoughton.
6822:(in German). Perlen vom Bodensee.
6791:Schulz, André (10 November 2021).
6707:Saunders, John (31 January 2018).
6201:from the original on 13 March 2023
5654:Doggers, Peter (5 February 2008).
5470:from the original on 12 April 2016
5428:Polgar, Judit (30 November 2019).
5123:
4854:Garcia, Leontxo (8 January 1991).
4682:"De sterkste schaakspeelster ooit"
4262:
14:
9746:
9136:European Youth Chess Championship
7170:
6988:. New York: David McKay Company.
6868:West, Vanessa (2 December 2023).
6772:from the original on 13 June 2021
6404:from the original on 25 July 2020
6378:from the original on 14 July 2018
5788:from the original on 26 July 2012
4703:Serper, Gregory (23 April 2017).
579:List of female chess grandmasters
9692:
9131:European Team Chess Championship
9065:Women's World Chess Championship
8964:
8635:List of strong chess tournaments
6861:
6838:
6811:
6757:
6727:
6700:
6673:
6647:
6621:
6595:
6569:
6539:
6508:
6477:
6447:
6423:Soltis, Andy (25 January 2009).
6416:
6390:
6360:
6333:
6121:"34th Chess Olympiad 2000 Women"
5489:Jensen, Matt (15 October 2020).
5460:"FIDE Rating List: January 1990"
5397:McGourty, Colin (12 June 2019).
5228:Houska, Jovanka (4 March 2017).
4988:"10 snabba med ... Pia Cramling"
4560:Cox, David (28 September 2019).
4134:
4075:
4048:
4021:
3994:
3967:
3940:
3913:
3886:
3859:
3832:
3805:
3778:
3751:
3724:
3697:
3670:
3643:
3616:
3568:
3541:
3514:
3487:
3434:
3425:
3380:
3371:
3326:
3317:
3295:
3268:
3259:
3250:
3187:
3178:
3169:
3148:Peng: China → Netherlands (1996)
3043:
2988:
2933:
2872:
2811:
2696:
2635:
2580:
2525:
2464:
2403:
2287:
2226:
2162:
2107:
2046:
1986:
1925:
1865:
1804:
1744:
1680:
1625:
1564:
1503:
1442:
1387:
1326:
1271:
1220:
1162:
1101:
1043:
988:
934:
883:
825:
765:
703:
643:
367:
358:
317:as well as the Muzychuk sisters
309:in 2017. The Kosintseva sisters
9111:Asian Junior Chess Championship
9042:List of open tournament winners
7608:Gökyay Association Chess Museum
7155:. London: Gambit Publications.
7114:. New York: St. Martins Press.
6680:Silver, Albert (6 April 2015).
6273:
6243:
6187:
6161:
6135:
6113:
6097:Crowther, Mark (8 March 1999).
6090:
6012:
5987:
5945:
5919:
5893:
5863:
5833:
5647:
5596:
5541:
5509:
5482:
5452:
5421:
5390:
5363:
5337:
5311:
5062:
5036:
4951:
4924:
4813:
4787:
4757:
4727:
4696:
4674:
4631:
4480:
4445:
4318:Silver, Albert (26 June 2021).
4228:
4219:
4210:
4201:
4187:
3362:
3286:
3241:
3232:
3223:
3214:
3205:
3160:
3157:Hoang: Vietnam → Hungary (2006)
3151:
3142:
3133:
3124:
3115:
3106:
3097:
571:Active player (as of May 2024)
555:
398:, albeit there are exceptions.
275:
6764:Saunders, John (31 May 2021).
6340:Demuydt, Gérard (4 May 2008).
5287:Klein, Mike (9 October 2013).
4338:
4177:
143:International Chess Federation
137:Birth of the Grandmaster title
52:International Chess Federation
46:players who hold the title of
1:
9725:Lists of female chess players
9116:Asian Team Chess Championship
8733:Computer chess championships
6845:Dinic, Milan (5 April 2023).
6709:"Five in Pile-up on the Rock"
5104:. Arbitri Lombardia Scacchi.
5070:"Hou Yifan Top Lists Records"
4638:Polgar, Susan (13 May 2021).
4255:
3416:
3211:Gaprindashvili: FIDE decision
131:
80:, a Soviet chess player from
58:of 2500 and three tournament
5289:"Irina Krush Earns GM Title"
4931:Polgar, Judit (2 May 2013).
4767:[The sack of Rome].
4452:Ang, Bobby (27 April 2020).
4303:Cafferty & Taimanov 1998
4160:List of female chess players
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4086:
4068:
4065:
4062:
4059:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4032:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4005:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3978:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3897:
3879:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3798:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3609:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3525:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3498:
190:Earliest female grandmasters
147:Ostend 1907 chess tournament
24:List of female chess players
7:
9121:European Chess Championship
8510:Bishop and knight checkmate
7177:List of female grandmasters
4127:
3448:(left) defeated Russian GM
237:1988 Women's Chess Olympiad
10:
9751:
8678:Other world championships
7112:The Encyclopaedia of Chess
7070:. Glasgow: Quality Chess.
6657:. ChessBase. 15 May 2013.
6280:Hut, Johan (18 May 2019).
6145:. ChessBase. 31 May 2002.
5347:. US Chess Championships.
5345:"2019 Cairns Cup Overview"
4165:List of chess grandmasters
3308:
2931:
2870:
2809:
2755:
2694:
2633:
2578:
2523:
2462:
2401:
2346:
2285:
2224:
2160:
2105:
2044:
1984:
1923:
1863:
1802:
1742:
1678:
1623:
1562:
1501:
1440:
1385:
1324:
1269:
1264:
1218:
1160:
1099:
1087:
1041:
986:
932:
881:
823:
763:
701:
641:
350:Regulations (2022–present)
68:Women's World Championship
17:
9730:Female chess grandmasters
9687:
9637:
9601:
9380:
9339:
9323:
9227:
9220:
9180:
9144:
9098:
9057:
9050:
9024:
8959:
8869:
8772:
8625:
8520:Opposite-coloured bishops
8500:
8446:
8309:
8151:
8091:
8082:
7993:
7861:
7722:
7623:
7459:
7363:
7233:
7225:
6368:"Ketevan Arakhamia-Grant"
4270:"Woman Grandmaster (WGM)"
4100:
4073:
4046:
4019:
3992:
3965:
3938:
3911:
3884:
3857:
3830:
3803:
3776:
3749:
3722:
3695:
3668:
3641:
3614:
3593:
3566:
3539:
3512:
3485:
3480:
3477:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3292:Xie: 1991–1996, 1999–2001
3078:
3023:
2968:
2907:
2846:
2786:
2731:
2615:
2499:
2438:
2377:
2261:
2142:
2081:
2021:
1960:
1900:
1839:
1779:
1660:
1599:
1538:
1477:
1422:
1361:
1255:
1078:
918:
860:
624:
621:
545:
537:
529:
521:
513:
505:
497:
489:
481:
473:
465:
460:
9203:Gibraltar Chess Festival
9106:Asian Chess Championship
9085:FIDE Women's Grand Swiss
8652:World Chess Championship
7613:World Chess Hall of Fame
6924:Di Felice, Gino (2018).
6907:The Soviet Championships
6891:
4490:. European Chess Academy
4170:
206:Beginning in the 1960s,
94:the youngest grandmaster
62:that include a GM-level
9393:Ketevan Arakhamia-Grant
9090:FIDE Women's Grand Prix
8946:Simultaneous exhibition
8856:Chess newspaper columns
8545:Rook and bishop vs rook
8530:Queen and pawn vs queen
7186:FIDE title applications
7129:Tanner, Robert (2016).
5744:"Arbiters' Manual 2014"
3454:2020 World Championship
3395:Ketevan Arakhamia-Grant
3265:M. Muzychuk: WWC winner
1735:Ketevan Arakhamia-Grant
334:FIDE Women's Grand Prix
212:Lone Pine International
102:FIDE Women's Grand Prix
9443:Aleksandra Goryachkina
9347:Aleksandra Goryachkina
9167:Ukrainian Championship
9080:FIDE Women's World Cup
9075:Women's Chess Olympiad
8396:Richter–Veresov Attack
8384:Queen's Indian Defence
6171:. FIDE. 13 July 2002.
3450:Aleksandra Goryachkina
3410:
3356:
2748:Aleksandra Goryachkina
445:
436:Women's Chess Olympiad
288:
257:Hungarian Championship
203:
160:Women's World Champion
39:
9157:Georgian Championship
8662:Candidates Tournament
8550:Rook and pawn vs rook
8515:King and pawn vs king
8466:List of chess gambits
8369:King's Indian Defence
8047:Isolated Queen's Pawn
7571:List of chess players
7513:Top player comparison
7312:Internet chess server
7018:Siegen Chess Olympiad
6962:Graham, John (1987).
6631:. FIDE. 14 May 2013.
5841:"Nona Gaprindashvili"
5811:"Nona Gaprindashvili"
5046:. FIDE. 12 May 2021.
4705:"Girl Power In Chess"
4388:Keene & Levy 1970
3409:
3355:
3092:Federation switches:
493:Player's current age
283:
197:
34:
9162:Russian Championship
9152:Chinese Championship
9037:List of grandmasters
8374:Nimzo-Indian Defence
8270:Scandinavian Defense
8231:Semi-Italian Opening
8136:King's Indian Attack
8025:first-move advantage
7678:Threefold repetition
7603:Bobby Fischer Center
7488:Charlemagne chessmen
7482:Göttingen manuscript
7446:
7287:Correspondence chess
7048:. London: Batsford.
6820:"GM Elisabeth Pähtz"
4597:"Maia Chiburdanidze"
4454:"Battle of GMs 1977"
3256:Ushenina: WWC winner
485:Player's birth date
422:Previous regulations
42:There are 42 female
9629:Keti Tsatsalashvili
9563:Vaishali Rameshbabu
9548:Antoaneta Stefanova
9488:Alexandra Kosteniuk
9478:Nadezhda Kosintseva
9468:Bella Khotenashvili
9433:Nona Gaprindashvili
9290:Alexandra Kosteniuk
9280:Antoaneta Stefanova
9255:Nona Gaprindashvili
8607:Two knights endgame
8354:Bogo-Indian Defence
8241:Two Knights Defense
8181:Nimzowitsch Defence
7871:Artificial castling
7508:Soviet chess school
7383:Dubrovnik chess set
6943:Elo, Arpad (1986).
6609:on 12 December 2012
6577:"Transfers in 2004"
6425:"She's a 'real' GM"
6398:"Transfers in 2008"
6315:"Transfers in 2014"
6225:Alexandra Kosteniuk
6195:"Transfers in 2023"
6101:. The Week in Chess
6060:"Transfers in 2006"
5927:"Transfers in 2019"
5901:"Transfers in 2002"
5877:. 20 October 1984.
5781:. Arbitri scacchi.
5717:. Arbitri scacchi.
5374:. ChessBase India.
4765:"El saqueo de Roma"
4671:, pp. 376–377.
4628:, pp. 110–120.
4405:, pp. 148–152.
4390:, pp. 238–240.
4378:, pp. 332–336.
4225:7 points in 9 games
4155:Grandmaster (chess)
3475:Current (May 2024)
3341:Vaishali Rameshbabu
3337:Nona Gaprindashvili
3037:Vaishali Rameshbabu
2394:Bella Khotenashvili
2038:Nadezhda Kosintseva
1153:Alexandra Kosteniuk
1092:Antoaneta Stefanova
634:Nona Gaprindashvili
581:
564:
454:
208:Nona Gaprindashvili
78:Nona Gaprindashvili
9735:Chess Grandmasters
9665:Anna-Maja Kazarian
9624:Fiona Steil-Antoni
9483:Tatiana Kosintseva
9403:Maia Chiburdanidze
9388:Zhansaya Abdumalik
9260:Maia Chiburdanidze
9198:Women vs. Veterans
9070:Women's Candidates
8837:endgame literature
8379:Old Indian Defense
8289:Accelerated Dragon
8161:Alekhine's Defence
7893:Checkmate patterns
7762:symbols in Unicode
7757:annotation symbols
7520:Geography of chess
7388:Staunton chess set
6521:The Times of India
6490:The New York Times
5875:The New York Times
5756:on 21 October 2015
5014:"青岛日报：谢军--我是吉林的女儿"
4826:The New York Times
3472:Active (May 2024)
3411:
3357:
2863:Zhansaya Abdumalik
1796:Tatiana Kosintseva
695:Maia Chiburdanidze
577:
560:
450:
411:performance rating
382:Tatiana Kosintseva
345:Title requirements
289:
225:Maia Chiburdanidze
204:
184:performance rating
110:Maia Chiburdanidze
64:performance rating
40:
9712:
9711:
9683:
9682:
9453:Hoang Thanh Trang
9423:Harika Dronavalli
9408:Viktorija Čmilytė
9398:Nino Batsiashvili
9216:
9215:
8984:
8983:
8861:Chess periodicals
8790:Chess in the arts
8722:Chess composition
8560:Philidor position
8496:
8495:
8438:Trompowsky Attack
8421:Semi-Slav Defence
8311:Queen's Pawn Game
8191:Four Knights Game
8166:Caro–Kann Defence
8131:Zukertort Opening
7918:Discovered attack
7638:Cheating in chess
7475:Versus de scachis
7162:978-1-901983-06-7
7140:978-0-7864-9602-0
7121:978-0-7091-4697-1
7099:978-1-3997-0137-2
7086:Shahade, Jennifer
7077:978-1-907982-19-4
7055:978-0-7091-4697-1
6982:Harkness, Kenneth
6973:978-0-89950-232-8
6935:978-1-4766-3361-9
6916:978-1-85744-201-4
6899:Cafferty, Bernard
6455:"Elina Danielian"
6099:"Myanmar Ratings"
5196:"Mariya Muzychuk"
4769:Ajedrez de Ataque
4514:, pp. 32–35.
4305:, pp. 28–29.
4125:
4124:
3090:
3089:
2764:28 September 1998
2687:Nino Batsiashvili
2538:21 September 1992
2098:Harika Dronavalli
1917:Viktorija Čmilytė
1320:Hoang Thanh Trang
575:
574:
553:
552:
126:Woman Grandmaster
20:Woman Grandmaster
9742:
9699:Chess portal
9697:
9696:
9619:Jennifer Shahade
9448:Valentina Gunina
9245:Elisaveta Bykova
9240:Lyudmila Rudenko
9225:
9224:
9055:
9054:
9025:Lists of players
9011:
9004:
8997:
8988:
8987:
8971:Chess portal
8969:
8968:
8912:Leela Chess Zero
8843:Oxford Companion
8795:early literature
8785:Chess aesthetics
8525:Pawnless endgame
8476:Bongcloud Attack
8454:List of openings
8426:Chigorin Defense
8364:Grünfeld Defence
8275:Sicilian Defence
8221:Ponziani Opening
8216:Philidor Defence
8211:Petrov's Defence
8153:King's Pawn Game
8126:Larsen's Opening
8089:
8088:
7450:
7220:
7213:
7206:
7197:
7196:
7166:
7144:
7125:
7103:
7081:
7059:
7042:O'Connell, Kevin
7037:
7005:
6977:
6958:
6939:
6920:
6885:
6884:
6882:
6880:
6865:
6859:
6858:
6856:
6854:
6842:
6836:
6835:
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6809:
6808:
6806:
6804:
6788:
6782:
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6779:
6777:
6761:
6755:
6754:
6752:
6750:
6731:
6725:
6724:
6722:
6720:
6704:
6698:
6697:
6695:
6693:
6677:
6671:
6670:
6668:
6666:
6651:
6645:
6644:
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6625:
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6599:
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6506:
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6501:
6481:
6475:
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6470:
6451:
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6414:
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6409:
6394:
6388:
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6364:
6358:
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6331:
6330:
6328:
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6311:
6302:
6301:
6299:
6297:
6277:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6266:
6247:
6241:
6240:
6238:
6236:
6227:. Archived from
6217:
6211:
6210:
6208:
6206:
6191:
6185:
6184:
6182:
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6165:
6159:
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5807:
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5755:
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5708:
5702:
5701:
5699:
5697:
5682:
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5651:
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5644:
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5534:
5528:
5521:
5513:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5502:
5486:
5480:
5479:
5477:
5475:
5456:
5450:
5449:
5447:
5445:
5425:
5419:
5418:
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5394:
5388:
5387:
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5367:
5361:
5360:
5358:
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5334:
5332:
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5315:
5309:
5308:
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5304:
5284:
5275:
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5110:
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5010:
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4700:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4689:
4678:
4672:
4666:
4660:
4659:
4657:
4655:
4644:Chess Daily News
4635:
4629:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4612:
4593:
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4581:
4579:
4577:
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4266:
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4235:
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4226:
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4217:
4214:
4208:
4205:
4199:
4191:
4185:
4181:
4144:
4139:
4138:
4081:
4079:
4078:
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4027:
4025:
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4000:
3998:
3997:
3973:
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3892:
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3809:
3808:
3784:
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3781:
3757:
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3728:
3727:
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3547:
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3544:
3520:
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3517:
3493:
3491:
3490:
3466:
3465:
3438:
3429:
3384:
3375:
3330:
3321:
3302:
3299:
3293:
3290:
3275:
3272:
3266:
3263:
3257:
3254:
3248:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3230:
3227:
3221:
3218:
3212:
3209:
3194:
3191:
3185:
3182:
3176:
3173:
3167:
3164:
3158:
3155:
3149:
3146:
3140:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3113:
3110:
3104:
3101:
3068:
3057:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3013:
3002:
3001:16 November 2002
2994:
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2939:
2937:
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2897:
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2878:
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2866:
2865:
2836:
2825:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2776:
2765:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2721:
2710:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2691:
2690:
2689:
2660:
2649:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2605:
2594:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2550:
2539:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2489:
2478:
2477:24 December 1983
2470:
2468:
2467:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2428:
2417:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2367:
2356:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2339:Valentina Gunina
2312:
2301:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2251:
2240:
2239:28 February 1990
2232:
2230:
2229:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2187:
2176:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2132:
2121:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2071:
2060:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2011:
2000:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1950:
1939:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1890:
1879:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1829:
1818:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1769:
1758:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1705:
1694:
1693:27 February 1994
1686:
1684:
1683:
1650:
1639:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1589:
1578:
1570:
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1528:
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1509:
1507:
1506:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1467:
1456:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1412:
1401:
1400:27 December 1989
1393:
1391:
1390:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1351:
1340:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1296:
1285:
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1234:
1226:
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1223:
1187:
1176:
1168:
1166:
1165:
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1156:
1155:
1126:
1115:
1107:
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1104:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1068:
1057:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1013:
1002:
994:
992:
991:
959:
948:
940:
938:
937:
908:
897:
889:
887:
886:
878:
877:
876:
850:
839:
831:
829:
828:
821:
820:
819:
790:
779:
771:
769:
768:
761:
760:
759:
729:
717:
709:
707:
706:
699:
698:
697:
668:
657:
649:
647:
646:
638:
637:
636:
582:
580:
576:
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563:
559:
455:
453:
449:
371:
362:
9750:
9749:
9745:
9744:
9743:
9741:
9740:
9739:
9715:
9714:
9713:
9708:
9691:
9679:
9650:Alexandra Botez
9633:
9597:
9593:Natalia Zhukova
9518:Elisabeth Pähtz
9513:Mariya Muzychuk
9418:Elina Danielian
9376:
9335:
9319:
9305:Mariya Muzychuk
9228:World Champions
9212:
9176:
9172:US Championship
9140:
9094:
9046:
9020:
9015:
8985:
8980:
8963:
8955:
8865:
8851:Chess libraries
8768:
8672:FIDE Grand Prix
8667:Chess World Cup
8621:
8617:Wrong rook pawn
8555:Lucena position
8492:
8442:
8359:Catalan Opening
8334:English Defence
8319:Budapest Gambit
8305:
8263:Austrian Attack
8147:
8116:English Opening
8078:
8074:School of chess
8057:Minority attack
7989:
7958:Queen sacrifice
7857:
7718:
7714:White and Black
7709:Touch-move rule
7668:Perpetual check
7663:Fifty-move rule
7619:
7455:
7452:
7359:
7229:
7224:
7173:
7163:
7141:
7122:
7100:
7078:
7056:
6974:
6955:
6936:
6917:
6894:
6889:
6888:
6878:
6876:
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6862:
6852:
6850:
6843:
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6827:
6816:
6812:
6802:
6800:
6789:
6785:
6775:
6773:
6762:
6758:
6748:
6746:
6733:
6732:
6728:
6718:
6716:
6705:
6701:
6691:
6689:
6678:
6674:
6664:
6662:
6653:
6652:
6648:
6638:
6636:
6627:
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6610:
6601:
6600:
6596:
6586:
6584:
6575:
6574:
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6560:
6558:
6545:
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6528:
6513:
6509:
6499:
6497:
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6438:
6436:
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6417:
6407:
6405:
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6395:
6391:
6381:
6379:
6366:
6365:
6361:
6351:
6349:
6338:
6334:
6324:
6322:
6313:
6312:
6305:
6295:
6293:
6278:
6274:
6264:
6262:
6249:
6248:
6244:
6234:
6232:
6231:on 12 June 2004
6219:
6218:
6214:
6204:
6202:
6193:
6192:
6188:
6178:
6176:
6167:
6166:
6162:
6152:
6150:
6141:
6140:
6136:
6126:
6124:
6123:. Chess Results
6119:
6118:
6114:
6104:
6102:
6095:
6091:
6083:
6079:
6069:
6067:
6058:
6057:
6050:
6042:
6038:
6028:
6026:
6018:
6017:
6013:
6003:
6001:
5993:
5992:
5988:
5980:
5976:
5966:
5964:
5951:
5950:
5946:
5936:
5934:
5925:
5924:
5920:
5910:
5908:
5899:
5898:
5894:
5884:
5882:
5869:
5868:
5864:
5854:
5852:
5839:
5838:
5834:
5824:
5822:
5809:
5808:
5801:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5778:
5774:
5773:
5769:
5759:
5757:
5753:
5746:
5742:
5741:
5737:
5727:
5725:
5721:
5714:
5710:
5709:
5705:
5695:
5693:
5684:
5683:
5679:
5669:
5667:
5652:
5648:
5638:
5636:
5634:Arbitri scacchi
5628:
5627:
5623:
5613:
5611:
5602:
5601:
5597:
5587:
5585:
5576:
5575:
5568:
5558:
5556:
5547:
5546:
5542:
5532:
5530:
5526:
5519:
5515:
5514:
5510:
5500:
5498:
5487:
5483:
5473:
5471:
5458:
5457:
5453:
5443:
5441:
5426:
5422:
5412:
5410:
5395:
5391:
5381:
5379:
5368:
5364:
5354:
5352:
5343:
5342:
5338:
5328:
5326:
5317:
5316:
5312:
5302:
5300:
5285:
5278:
5268:
5266:
5261:
5260:
5253:
5243:
5241:
5226:
5219:
5209:
5207:
5194:
5193:
5186:
5176:
5174:
5163:"Anna Ushenina"
5161:
5160:
5153:
5143:
5141:
5132:
5131:
5124:
5114:
5112:
5108:
5101:
5097:
5096:
5089:
5079:
5077:
5068:
5067:
5063:
5053:
5051:
5042:
5041:
5037:
5027:
5025:
5024:on 4 March 2016
5012:
5011:
5007:
4997:
4995:
4986:
4985:
4978:
4968:
4966:
4964:The Independent
4956:
4952:
4942:
4940:
4929:
4925:
4915:
4913:
4898:
4879:
4869:
4867:
4856:"Zsuzsa Polgar"
4852:
4845:
4835:
4833:
4818:
4814:
4804:
4802:
4793:
4792:
4788:
4778:
4776:
4763:
4762:
4758:
4748:
4746:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4718:
4716:
4701:
4697:
4687:
4685:
4680:
4679:
4675:
4667:
4663:
4653:
4651:
4636:
4632:
4624:
4620:
4610:
4608:
4595:
4594:
4585:
4575:
4573:
4558:
4551:
4543:
4530:
4522:
4518:
4510:
4503:
4493:
4491:
4486:
4485:
4481:
4473:
4469:
4459:
4457:
4456:. BusinessWorld
4450:
4446:
4436:
4434:
4425:
4424:
4409:
4401:
4394:
4386:
4382:
4374:
4370:
4360:
4358:
4343:
4339:
4329:
4327:
4316:
4309:
4301:
4297:
4289:
4285:
4275:
4273:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4238:
4233:
4229:
4224:
4220:
4215:
4211:
4206:
4202:
4195:Rosendo Balinas
4192:
4188:
4182:
4178:
4173:
4140:
4133:
4130:
4076:
4074:
4049:
4047:
4022:
4020:
3995:
3993:
3968:
3966:
3941:
3939:
3914:
3912:
3887:
3885:
3860:
3858:
3833:
3831:
3806:
3804:
3779:
3777:
3752:
3750:
3725:
3723:
3698:
3696:
3671:
3669:
3644:
3642:
3617:
3615:
3569:
3567:
3542:
3540:
3515:
3513:
3488:
3486:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3452:(right) in the
3441:
3440:
3439:
3431:
3430:
3419:
3413:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3377:
3376:
3365:
3359:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3323:
3322:
3311:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3296:
3291:
3287:
3279:
3278:
3274:Tan: WWC winner
3273:
3269:
3264:
3260:
3255:
3251:
3246:
3242:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3220:Xie: WWC winner
3219:
3215:
3210:
3206:
3200:Direct awards:
3198:
3197:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3179:
3174:
3170:
3165:
3161:
3156:
3152:
3147:
3143:
3138:
3134:
3129:
3125:
3120:
3116:
3111:
3107:
3102:
3098:
3044:
3042:
2989:
2987:
2934:
2932:
2924:Elisabeth Pähtz
2922:
2921:
2885:12 January 2000
2873:
2871:
2861:
2860:
2812:
2810:
2801:
2800:
2746:
2745:
2697:
2695:
2685:
2684:
2636:
2634:
2581:
2579:
2526:
2524:
2516:Mariya Muzychuk
2514:
2513:
2465:
2463:
2453:
2452:
2404:
2402:
2392:
2391:
2355:4 February 1989
2337:
2336:
2288:
2286:
2276:
2275:
2227:
2225:
2215:
2214:
2175:31 January 1991
2163:
2161:
2120:12 January 1991
2108:
2106:
2096:
2095:
2059:14 January 1985
2047:
2045:
2036:
2035:
1987:
1985:
1977:Elina Danielian
1975:
1974:
1926:
1924:
1915:
1914:
1866:
1864:
1856:Natalia Zhukova
1854:
1853:
1805:
1803:
1794:
1793:
1745:
1743:
1733:
1732:
1681:
1679:
1626:
1624:
1614:
1613:
1565:
1563:
1553:
1552:
1516:15 October 1986
1504:
1502:
1492:
1491:
1443:
1441:
1388:
1386:
1376:
1375:
1327:
1325:
1284:29 October 1976
1272:
1270:
1221:
1219:
1163:
1161:
1151:
1150:
1102:
1100:
1090:
1089:
1044:
1042:
989:
987:
947:30 October 1970
935:
933:
884:
882:
872:
871:
826:
824:
815:
814:
766:
764:
755:
754:
716:17 January 1961
704:
702:
693:
692:
644:
642:
632:
631:
578:
561:
558:
451:
448:
424:
388:
387:
386:
385:
374:
373:
372:
364:
363:
352:
347:
278:
192:
139:
134:
27:
12:
11:
5:
9748:
9738:
9737:
9732:
9727:
9710:
9709:
9707:
9706:
9701:
9688:
9685:
9684:
9681:
9680:
9678:
9677:
9672:
9667:
9662:
9657:
9652:
9647:
9645:Dina Belenkaya
9641:
9639:
9635:
9634:
9632:
9631:
9626:
9621:
9616:
9611:
9609:Jovanka Houska
9605:
9603:
9599:
9598:
9596:
9595:
9590:
9585:
9580:
9575:
9570:
9565:
9560:
9555:
9550:
9545:
9540:
9535:
9530:
9525:
9520:
9515:
9510:
9505:
9500:
9498:Kateryna Lagno
9495:
9490:
9485:
9480:
9475:
9470:
9465:
9460:
9455:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9428:Nana Dzagnidze
9425:
9420:
9415:
9410:
9405:
9400:
9395:
9390:
9384:
9382:
9378:
9377:
9375:
9374:
9369:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9349:
9343:
9341:
9337:
9336:
9334:
9333:
9327:
9325:
9321:
9320:
9318:
9317:
9312:
9307:
9302:
9297:
9292:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9247:
9242:
9237:
9231:
9229:
9222:
9218:
9217:
9214:
9213:
9211:
9210:
9205:
9200:
9195:
9190:
9184:
9182:
9178:
9177:
9175:
9174:
9169:
9164:
9159:
9154:
9148:
9146:
9142:
9141:
9139:
9138:
9133:
9128:
9123:
9118:
9113:
9108:
9102:
9100:
9096:
9095:
9093:
9092:
9087:
9082:
9077:
9072:
9067:
9061:
9059:
9052:
9048:
9047:
9045:
9044:
9039:
9034:
9028:
9026:
9022:
9021:
9014:
9013:
9006:
8999:
8991:
8982:
8981:
8979:
8978:
8973:
8960:
8957:
8956:
8954:
8953:
8948:
8943:
8938:
8937:
8936:
8931:
8921:
8920:
8919:
8914:
8909:
8904:
8894:
8892:Chess composer
8889:
8884:
8879:
8873:
8871:
8867:
8866:
8864:
8863:
8858:
8853:
8848:
8847:
8846:
8839:
8834:
8824:
8823:
8822:
8817:
8812:
8807:
8802:
8797:
8787:
8782:
8776:
8774:
8770:
8769:
8767:
8766:
8765:
8764:
8759:
8754:
8749:
8747:North American
8744:
8739:
8731:
8730:
8729:
8724:
8719:
8714:
8709:
8704:
8699:
8694:
8689:
8684:
8676:
8675:
8674:
8669:
8664:
8659:
8649:
8648:
8647:
8640:Chess Olympiad
8637:
8631:
8629:
8623:
8622:
8620:
8619:
8614:
8609:
8604:
8599:
8594:
8593:
8592:
8587:
8582:
8577:
8572:
8564:
8563:
8562:
8557:
8547:
8542:
8537:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8506:
8504:
8498:
8497:
8494:
8493:
8491:
8490:
8489:
8488:
8486:Scholar's mate
8483:
8478:
8468:
8463:
8462:
8461:
8450:
8448:
8444:
8443:
8441:
8440:
8435:
8430:
8429:
8428:
8423:
8418:
8413:
8408:
8401:Queen's Gambit
8398:
8393:
8388:
8387:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8346:
8344:Benoni Defence
8339:Indian Defence
8336:
8331:
8326:
8321:
8315:
8313:
8307:
8306:
8304:
8303:
8302:
8301:
8296:
8291:
8282:
8272:
8267:
8266:
8265:
8255:
8253:Owen's Defence
8250:
8249:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8183:
8178:
8176:Modern Defence
8173:
8171:French Defence
8168:
8163:
8157:
8155:
8149:
8148:
8146:
8145:
8144:
8143:
8138:
8128:
8123:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8106:Bird's Opening
8103:
8097:
8095:
8086:
8080:
8079:
8077:
8076:
8071:
8066:
8061:
8060:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8037:Pawn structure
8034:
8029:
8028:
8027:
8017:
8016:
8015:
8005:
7999:
7997:
7991:
7990:
7988:
7987:
7982:
7977:
7972:
7967:
7962:
7961:
7960:
7950:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7920:
7915:
7910:
7905:
7900:
7895:
7890:
7885:
7884:
7883:
7881:Alekhine's gun
7873:
7867:
7865:
7859:
7858:
7856:
7855:
7850:
7845:
7840:
7835:
7834:
7833:
7828:
7823:
7818:
7813:
7803:
7798:
7797:
7796:
7794:Half-open file
7786:
7781:
7776:
7771:
7766:
7765:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7737:Chess notation
7734:
7728:
7726:
7720:
7719:
7717:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7705:
7704:
7694:
7692:Pawn promotion
7689:
7682:
7681:
7680:
7675:
7670:
7665:
7660:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7635:
7629:
7627:
7621:
7620:
7618:
7617:
7616:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7595:
7593:Women in chess
7590:
7589:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7568:
7563:
7562:
7561:
7556:
7555:
7554:
7549:
7539:
7534:
7533:
7532:
7517:
7516:
7515:
7510:
7505:
7503:Hypermodernism
7500:
7498:Romantic chess
7495:
7493:Lewis chessmen
7490:
7485:
7478:
7465:
7463:
7457:
7456:
7454:
7453:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7433:
7432:
7427:
7422:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7392:
7391:
7390:
7385:
7380:
7369:
7367:
7361:
7360:
7358:
7357:
7352:
7351:
7350:
7340:
7339:
7338:
7333:
7331:world rankings
7323:
7322:
7321:
7320:
7319:
7309:
7299:
7294:
7289:
7284:
7283:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7260:Computer chess
7257:
7256:
7255:
7245:
7239:
7237:
7231:
7230:
7223:
7222:
7215:
7208:
7200:
7194:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7172:
7171:External links
7169:
7168:
7167:
7161:
7145:
7139:
7126:
7120:
7108:Sunnucks, Anne
7104:
7098:
7082:
7076:
7060:
7054:
7044:, ed. (1977).
7038:
7010:Keene, Raymond
7006:
6978:
6972:
6959:
6953:
6940:
6934:
6921:
6915:
6903:Taimanov, Mark
6893:
6890:
6887:
6886:
6860:
6837:
6810:
6783:
6756:
6726:
6699:
6672:
6646:
6620:
6594:
6568:
6538:
6507:
6476:
6446:
6415:
6389:
6359:
6348:on 11 May 2008
6332:
6303:
6272:
6251:"Peng Zhaoqin"
6242:
6212:
6186:
6160:
6134:
6112:
6089:
6087:, p. 365.
6085:Di Felice 2018
6077:
6048:
6046:, p. 357.
6044:Di Felice 2018
6036:
6020:"Pia Cramling"
6011:
5995:"Judit Polgar"
5986:
5984:, p. 255.
5974:
5953:"Susan Polgar"
5944:
5918:
5892:
5862:
5832:
5799:
5767:
5735:
5703:
5677:
5646:
5621:
5595:
5566:
5540:
5508:
5481:
5451:
5420:
5389:
5362:
5336:
5310:
5276:
5251:
5217:
5184:
5151:
5122:
5087:
5061:
5035:
5005:
4976:
4950:
4923:
4877:
4862:(in Spanish).
4843:
4812:
4795:"Judit Polgar"
4786:
4771:(in Spanish).
4756:
4726:
4695:
4673:
4661:
4630:
4618:
4583:
4549:
4547:, p. 133.
4528:
4516:
4501:
4479:
4475:O'Connell 1977
4467:
4444:
4407:
4403:O'Connell 1977
4392:
4380:
4368:
4337:
4307:
4295:
4293:, p. 223.
4283:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4236:
4227:
4218:
4209:
4200:
4186:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4150:Women in chess
4146:
4145:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4085:
4071:
4070:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4044:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4004:
3990:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3909:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3828:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3815:
3801:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3788:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3747:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3720:
3719:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3683:
3680:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3639:
3638:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3612:
3611:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3551:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3510:
3509:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3483:
3482:
3479:
3478:At award date
3476:
3473:
3470:
3443:
3442:
3433:
3432:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3389:
3388:
3379:
3378:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3335:
3334:
3325:
3324:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3294:
3284:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3247:Xu: WWC winner
3240:
3231:
3222:
3213:
3203:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3186:
3177:
3168:
3159:
3150:
3141:
3132:
3123:
3114:
3105:
3095:
3094:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3080:
3077:
3072:
3069:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3053:
3040:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3025:
3022:
3017:
3014:
3009:
3006:
3003:
2998:
2985:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2970:
2967:
2962:
2959:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2946:8 January 1985
2943:
2930:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2909:
2906:
2901:
2898:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2882:
2869:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2848:
2845:
2840:
2837:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2821:
2808:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2788:
2785:
2780:
2777:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2761:
2754:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2733:
2730:
2725:
2722:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2709:1 January 1987
2706:
2693:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2664:
2661:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2645:
2632:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2617:
2614:
2609:
2606:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2590:
2577:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2554:
2551:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2535:
2522:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2501:
2498:
2493:
2490:
2488:September 2013
2485:
2482:
2479:
2474:
2461:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2440:
2437:
2432:
2429:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2413:
2400:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2379:
2376:
2371:
2368:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2352:
2345:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2316:
2313:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2300:30 August 1985
2297:
2284:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2263:
2260:
2255:
2252:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2236:
2223:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2191:
2188:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2172:
2159:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2144:
2141:
2136:
2133:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2117:
2104:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2083:
2080:
2075:
2072:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2056:
2043:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2023:
2020:
2015:
2012:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1999:16 August 1978
1996:
1983:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1935:
1922:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1902:
1899:
1894:
1891:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1875:
1862:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1841:
1838:
1833:
1830:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1814:
1801:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1781:
1778:
1773:
1770:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1754:
1741:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1709:
1706:
1704:September 2008
1701:
1698:
1695:
1690:
1677:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1662:
1659:
1654:
1651:
1649:September 2008
1646:
1643:
1640:
1638:1 January 1987
1635:
1622:
1616:Nana Dzagnidze
1609:
1608:
1606:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1590:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1574:
1561:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1540:
1537:
1532:
1529:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1513:
1500:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1479:
1476:
1471:
1468:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1452:
1439:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1424:
1421:
1416:
1413:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1397:
1384:
1378:Kateryna Lagno
1371:
1370:
1368:
1363:
1360:
1355:
1352:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1336:
1323:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1300:
1297:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1281:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1249:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1230:
1217:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1172:
1159:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1130:
1127:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1111:
1098:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1053:
1040:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1017:
1014:
1009:
1006:
1003:
998:
985:
979:
978:
976:
974:
971:
968:
963:
960:
955:
952:
949:
944:
931:
925:
924:
922:
920:
917:
912:
909:
904:
901:
898:
893:
880:
867:
866:
864:
862:
859:
854:
851:
846:
843:
840:
835:
822:
810:
809:
807:
805:
802:
799:
794:
791:
786:
783:
780:
775:
762:
750:
749:
747:
745:
742:
739:
734:
731:
724:
721:
718:
713:
700:
688:
687:
685:
683:
680:
677:
672:
669:
664:
661:
658:
653:
640:
627:
626:
623:
619:
618:
615:
612:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
573:
572:
569:
557:
554:
551:
550:
547:
543:
542:
539:
535:
534:
531:
527:
526:
523:
519:
518:
515:
511:
510:
507:
503:
502:
499:
495:
494:
491:
487:
486:
483:
479:
478:
475:
471:
470:
469:Player's name
467:
463:
462:
459:
447:
444:
432:Chess Olympiad
423:
420:
376:
375:
366:
365:
357:
356:
355:
354:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
277:
274:
191:
188:
138:
135:
133:
130:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9747:
9736:
9733:
9731:
9728:
9726:
9723:
9722:
9720:
9705:
9702:
9700:
9695:
9690:
9689:
9686:
9676:
9673:
9671:
9668:
9666:
9663:
9661:
9660:Anna Cramling
9658:
9656:
9653:
9651:
9648:
9646:
9643:
9642:
9640:
9636:
9630:
9627:
9625:
9622:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9614:Tania Sachdev
9612:
9610:
9607:
9606:
9604:
9600:
9594:
9591:
9589:
9586:
9584:
9581:
9579:
9576:
9574:
9571:
9569:
9566:
9564:
9561:
9559:
9558:Anna Ushenina
9556:
9554:
9551:
9549:
9546:
9544:
9541:
9539:
9536:
9534:
9531:
9529:
9526:
9524:
9521:
9519:
9516:
9514:
9511:
9509:
9508:Anna Muzychuk
9506:
9504:
9501:
9499:
9496:
9494:
9491:
9489:
9486:
9484:
9481:
9479:
9476:
9474:
9471:
9469:
9466:
9464:
9461:
9459:
9456:
9454:
9451:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9431:
9429:
9426:
9424:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9385:
9383:
9379:
9373:
9370:
9368:
9367:Anna Muzychuk
9365:
9363:
9360:
9358:
9355:
9353:
9350:
9348:
9345:
9344:
9342:
9338:
9332:
9329:
9328:
9326:
9322:
9316:
9313:
9311:
9308:
9306:
9303:
9301:
9300:Anna Ushenina
9298:
9296:
9293:
9291:
9288:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9250:Olga Rubtsova
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9232:
9230:
9226:
9223:
9219:
9209:
9206:
9204:
9201:
9199:
9196:
9194:
9191:
9189:
9186:
9185:
9183:
9179:
9173:
9170:
9168:
9165:
9163:
9160:
9158:
9155:
9153:
9150:
9149:
9147:
9143:
9137:
9134:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9124:
9122:
9119:
9117:
9114:
9112:
9109:
9107:
9104:
9103:
9101:
9097:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9062:
9060:
9056:
9053:
9049:
9043:
9040:
9038:
9035:
9033:
9030:
9029:
9027:
9023:
9019:
9018:Women's chess
9012:
9007:
9005:
9000:
8998:
8993:
8992:
8989:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8961:
8958:
8952:
8951:Solving chess
8949:
8947:
8944:
8942:
8941:Chess prodigy
8939:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8926:
8925:
8924:Chess problem
8922:
8918:
8915:
8913:
8910:
8908:
8905:
8903:
8900:
8899:
8898:
8895:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8885:
8883:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8874:
8872:
8868:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8849:
8845:
8844:
8840:
8838:
8835:
8833:
8832:opening books
8830:
8829:
8828:
8825:
8821:
8820:short stories
8818:
8816:
8813:
8811:
8808:
8806:
8803:
8801:
8798:
8796:
8793:
8792:
8791:
8788:
8786:
8783:
8781:
8778:
8777:
8775:
8773:Art and media
8771:
8763:
8760:
8758:
8755:
8753:
8750:
8748:
8745:
8743:
8740:
8738:
8735:
8734:
8732:
8728:
8725:
8723:
8720:
8718:
8715:
8713:
8710:
8708:
8705:
8703:
8700:
8698:
8695:
8693:
8690:
8688:
8685:
8683:
8680:
8679:
8677:
8673:
8670:
8668:
8665:
8663:
8660:
8658:
8655:
8654:
8653:
8650:
8646:
8643:
8642:
8641:
8638:
8636:
8633:
8632:
8630:
8628:
8624:
8618:
8615:
8613:
8610:
8608:
8605:
8603:
8600:
8598:
8595:
8591:
8588:
8586:
8585:triangulation
8583:
8581:
8580:Tarrasch rule
8578:
8576:
8573:
8571:
8568:
8567:
8565:
8561:
8558:
8556:
8553:
8552:
8551:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8541:
8540:Queen vs rook
8538:
8536:
8535:Queen vs pawn
8533:
8531:
8528:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8507:
8505:
8503:
8499:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8473:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8460:
8457:
8456:
8455:
8452:
8451:
8449:
8445:
8439:
8436:
8434:
8431:
8427:
8424:
8422:
8419:
8417:
8414:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8403:
8402:
8399:
8397:
8394:
8392:
8391:London System
8389:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8349:Modern Benoni
8347:
8345:
8342:
8341:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8329:Dutch Defence
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8316:
8314:
8312:
8308:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8286:
8283:
8281:
8278:
8277:
8276:
8273:
8271:
8268:
8264:
8261:
8260:
8259:
8256:
8254:
8251:
8247:
8244:
8242:
8239:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8227:
8224:
8222:
8219:
8217:
8214:
8212:
8209:
8207:
8206:King's Gambit
8204:
8202:
8199:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8189:
8188:
8187:
8184:
8182:
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8158:
8156:
8154:
8150:
8142:
8139:
8137:
8134:
8133:
8132:
8129:
8127:
8124:
8122:
8121:Grob's Attack
8119:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8111:Dunst Opening
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8101:Benko Opening
8099:
8098:
8096:
8094:
8093:Flank opening
8090:
8087:
8085:
8081:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8067:
8065:
8062:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8039:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8030:
8026:
8023:
8022:
8021:
8018:
8014:
8011:
8010:
8009:
8006:
8004:
8001:
8000:
7998:
7996:
7992:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7966:
7963:
7959:
7956:
7955:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7919:
7916:
7914:
7911:
7909:
7906:
7904:
7901:
7899:
7896:
7894:
7891:
7889:
7886:
7882:
7879:
7878:
7877:
7874:
7872:
7869:
7868:
7866:
7864:
7860:
7854:
7851:
7849:
7848:Transposition
7846:
7844:
7841:
7839:
7836:
7832:
7829:
7827:
7824:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7809:
7808:
7807:
7804:
7802:
7799:
7795:
7792:
7791:
7790:
7787:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7739:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7729:
7727:
7725:
7721:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7703:
7700:
7699:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7687:
7683:
7679:
7676:
7674:
7671:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7655:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7630:
7628:
7626:
7622:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7600:
7599:
7598:Chess museums
7596:
7594:
7591:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7573:
7572:
7569:
7567:
7566:Notable games
7564:
7560:
7557:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7544:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7531:
7528:
7527:
7526:
7523:
7522:
7521:
7518:
7514:
7511:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7501:
7499:
7496:
7494:
7491:
7489:
7486:
7484:
7483:
7479:
7477:
7476:
7472:
7471:
7470:
7467:
7466:
7464:
7462:
7458:
7451:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
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7381:
7379:
7376:
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7355:World records
7353:
7349:
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7344:
7341:
7337:
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7332:
7329:
7328:
7327:
7326:Rating system
7324:
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7308:
7305:
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7232:
7228:
7221:
7216:
7214:
7209:
7207:
7202:
7201:
7198:
7192:
7191:FIDE handbook
7189:
7187:
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7182:
7178:
7175:
7174:
7164:
7158:
7154:
7150:
7146:
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7109:
7105:
7101:
7095:
7091:
7087:
7083:
7079:
7073:
7069:
7065:
7064:Polgár, Judit
7061:
7057:
7051:
7047:
7043:
7039:
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7031:
7027:
7023:
7019:
7015:
7011:
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6999:
6995:
6991:
6987:
6983:
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6965:
6960:
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6954:0-668-04721-6
6950:
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6922:
6918:
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6900:
6896:
6895:
6875:
6871:
6864:
6848:
6841:
6825:
6821:
6814:
6798:
6795:. ChessBase.
6794:
6787:
6771:
6767:
6760:
6744:
6740:
6736:
6730:
6714:
6710:
6703:
6687:
6684:. ChessBase.
6683:
6676:
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6656:
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6634:
6630:
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6608:
6604:
6598:
6582:
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6511:
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6460:
6456:
6450:
6434:
6430:
6429:New York Post
6426:
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6377:
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6287:
6286:Schaaksite.nl
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5691:
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5100:
5094:
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5075:
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5065:
5049:
5045:
5039:
5023:
5019:
5015:
5009:
4993:
4989:
4983:
4981:
4965:
4961:
4954:
4938:
4935:. ChessBase.
4934:
4927:
4911:
4907:
4903:
4896:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4888:
4886:
4884:
4882:
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4857:
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4706:
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4571:
4567:
4563:
4556:
4554:
4546:
4541:
4539:
4537:
4535:
4533:
4526:, p. 59.
4525:
4520:
4513:
4508:
4506:
4489:
4483:
4477:, p. 83.
4476:
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4455:
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4422:
4420:
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4416:
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4404:
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4397:
4389:
4384:
4377:
4376:Harkness 1956
4372:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4341:
4325:
4322:. ChessBase.
4321:
4314:
4312:
4304:
4299:
4292:
4291:Sunnucks 1970
4287:
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3678:United States
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3118:
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3086:
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3067:December 2023
3065:
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3007:
3004:
2999:
2997:
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2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2966:
2963:
2957:November 2021
2955:
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2918:
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2775:February 2018
2773:
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2618:
2613:
2610:
2604:December 2016
2602:
2596:
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2566:
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2560:
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2555:
2547:
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2472:United States
2456:
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2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:December 2012
2309:
2303:
2298:
2296:
2279:
2278:Anna Ushenina
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2259:
2256:
2250:November 2011
2248:
2242:
2237:
2235:
2218:
2217:Anna Muzychuk
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2173:
2171:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2140:
2137:
2129:
2123:
2118:
2116:
2099:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2079:
2076:
2070:February 2011
2068:
2062:
2057:
2055:
2039:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2019:
2016:
2008:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1978:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1958:
1955:
1947:
1941:
1938:6 August 1983
1936:
1934:
1918:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1898:
1895:
1887:
1881:
1876:
1874:
1857:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1834:
1828:February 2009
1826:
1820:
1817:11 April 1986
1815:
1813:
1797:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:November 2008
1766:
1760:
1755:
1753:
1736:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
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1702:
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1691:
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1641:
1636:
1634:
1617:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1597:
1594:
1586:
1580:
1577:24 March 1978
1575:
1573:
1556:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1536:
1533:
1525:
1519:
1514:
1512:
1495:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1475:
1472:
1464:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1379:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1359:
1356:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:25 April 1980
1337:
1335:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1280:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1242:
1236:
1231:
1229:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1184:
1178:
1175:23 April 1984
1173:
1171:
1154:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:19 April 1979
1112:
1110:
1093:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:31 March 1987
1054:
1052:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1012:November 2000
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:16 March 1976
999:
997:
984:
980:
977:
975:
972:
969:
967:
964:
958:December 1993
956:
953:
950:
945:
943:
930:
926:
923:
921:
916:
913:
910:
907:February 1992
905:
899:
896:23 April 1963
894:
892:
875:
868:
865:
863:
858:
855:
849:December 1991
847:
841:
836:
834:
818:
811:
808:
806:
803:
800:
798:
795:
787:
784:
781:
778:19 April 1969
776:
774:
758:
751:
748:
746:
743:
740:
738:
735:
730:
725:
722:
719:
714:
712:
696:
689:
686:
684:
681:
678:
676:
673:
670:
667:November 1978
665:
662:
659:
654:
652:
635:
628:
620:
611:
583:
570:
567:
566:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
456:
443:
441:
437:
433:
428:
419:
415:
412:
407:
404:
399:
397:
393:
383:
379:
378:Anna Muzychuk
370:
361:
342:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
303:
299:
294:
286:
282:
273:
270:
266:
262:
261:Bobby Fischer
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
229:
226:
222:
218:
217:Yuri Balashov
213:
209:
201:
196:
187:
185:
181:
177:
172:
167:
165:
161:
157:
153:
148:
144:
129:
127:
123:
119:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
98:Bobby Fischer
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
16:
9655:Andrea Botez
9602:Commentators
9543:Monika Soćko
9533:Susan Polgar
9528:Judit Polgár
9523:Peng Zhaoqin
9473:Koneru Humpy
9413:Pia Cramling
9381:Grandmasters
9372:Judit Polgár
9362:Koneru Humpy
9331:Judit Polgár
9270:Susan Polgar
9235:Vera Menchik
9208:Belgrade WGM
9193:Norway Chess
9036:
8897:Chess engine
8882:Chess boxing
8842:
8612:Wrong bishop
8459:theory table
8433:Torre Attack
8416:Slav Defence
8324:Colle System
8299:Scheveningen
8258:Pirc Defence
8201:Italian Game
8196:Giuoco Piano
8141:Réti Opening
8064:Piece values
8052:Maróczy Bind
8013:the exchange
8003:Compensation
7933:Interference
7923:Double check
7697:Time control
7684:
7658:by agreement
7586:grandmasters
7530:South Africa
7480:
7473:
7449:Score sheets
7395:Chess pieces
7302:Online chess
7248:Chess titles
7243:Chess theory
7152:
7130:
7111:
7089:
7067:
7045:
7017:
6985:
6963:
6944:
6925:
6906:
6877:. Retrieved
6873:
6863:
6851:. Retrieved
6840:
6828:. Retrieved
6813:
6801:. Retrieved
6786:
6774:. Retrieved
6759:
6747:. Retrieved
6738:
6735:"Olga Girya"
6729:
6717:. Retrieved
6702:
6690:. Retrieved
6675:
6663:. Retrieved
6649:
6637:. Retrieved
6623:
6611:. Retrieved
6607:the original
6597:
6585:. Retrieved
6571:
6559:. Retrieved
6550:
6541:
6529:. Retrieved
6520:
6510:
6498:. Retrieved
6489:
6479:
6467:. Retrieved
6458:
6449:
6437:. Retrieved
6428:
6418:
6406:. Retrieved
6392:
6380:. Retrieved
6371:
6362:
6350:. Retrieved
6346:the original
6335:
6323:. Retrieved
6294:. Retrieved
6288:(in Dutch).
6285:
6275:
6263:. Retrieved
6254:
6245:
6233:. Retrieved
6229:the original
6224:
6215:
6203:. Retrieved
6189:
6177:. Retrieved
6163:
6151:. Retrieved
6137:
6125:. Retrieved
6115:
6103:. Retrieved
6092:
6080:
6068:. Retrieved
6039:
6027:. Retrieved
6023:
6014:
6002:. Retrieved
5998:
5989:
5977:
5965:. Retrieved
5956:
5947:
5935:. Retrieved
5921:
5909:. Retrieved
5895:
5883:. Retrieved
5874:
5865:
5853:. Retrieved
5844:
5835:
5823:. Retrieved
5814:
5790:. Retrieved
5770:
5758:. Retrieved
5751:the original
5738:
5726:. Retrieved
5706:
5694:. Retrieved
5680:
5668:. Retrieved
5659:
5649:
5637:. Retrieved
5633:
5624:
5612:. Retrieved
5598:
5586:. Retrieved
5557:. Retrieved
5543:
5531:. Retrieved
5511:
5499:. Retrieved
5484:
5472:. Retrieved
5463:
5454:
5442:. Retrieved
5434:The Guardian
5433:
5423:
5411:. Retrieved
5402:
5392:
5380:. Retrieved
5365:
5353:. Retrieved
5339:
5327:. Retrieved
5313:
5301:. Retrieved
5292:
5267:. Retrieved
5242:. Retrieved
5233:
5208:. Retrieved
5199:
5175:. Retrieved
5166:
5142:. Retrieved
5113:. Retrieved
5078:. Retrieved
5064:
5052:. Retrieved
5038:
5026:. Retrieved
5022:the original
5018:Qingdao News
5017:
5008:
4996:. Retrieved
4967:. Retrieved
4963:
4953:
4941:. Retrieved
4926:
4914:. Retrieved
4905:
4868:. Retrieved
4859:
4834:. Retrieved
4825:
4815:
4803:. Retrieved
4789:
4777:. Retrieved
4768:
4759:
4747:. Retrieved
4739:Sofia Polgar
4738:
4729:
4717:. Retrieved
4708:
4698:
4686:. Retrieved
4676:
4664:
4652:. Retrieved
4643:
4633:
4626:Shahade 2022
4621:
4609:. Retrieved
4600:
4574:. Retrieved
4565:
4519:
4492:. Retrieved
4482:
4470:
4458:. Retrieved
4447:
4435:. Retrieved
4383:
4371:
4359:. Retrieved
4350:
4340:
4328:. Retrieved
4298:
4286:
4274:. Retrieved
4264:
4230:
4221:
4212:
4203:
4189:
4179:
4142:Chess portal
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4029:Soviet Union
3594:
3461:
3412:
3402:
3363:By title age
3358:
3348:
3297:
3288:
3280:
3270:
3261:
3252:
3243:
3234:
3225:
3216:
3207:
3199:
3189:
3180:
3171:
3162:
3153:
3144:
3135:
3126:
3117:
3108:
3099:
3091:
3056:21 June 2001
2756:
2720:January 2018
2593:3 March 1997
2366:January 2013
2347:
2186:October 2011
1757:19 July 1968
1555:Monika Soćko
1455:6 April 1985
1214:Peng Zhaoqin
1167:
1037:Koneru Humpy
874:Pia Cramling
838:23 July 1976
817:Judit Polgár
789:January 1991
757:Susan Polgar
728:October 1984
726:
606:Peak rating
556:Grandmasters
522:Peak rating
461:Explanation
429:
425:
416:
408:
400:
389:
331:
298:Koneru Humpy
290:
285:Koneru Humpy
276:21st century
265:Pia Cramling
249:Judit Polgár
241:Susan Polgar
230:
205:
168:
164:World War II
156:Vera Menchik
140:
122:Koneru Humpy
114:
90:Judit Polgár
86:Susan Polgar
76:
41:
36:Judit Polgár
28:
15:
9670:Anna Rudolf
9553:Tan Zhongyi
9538:Marie Sebag
9503:Lei Tingjie
9493:Irina Krush
9310:Tan Zhongyi
9181:Independent
9099:Continental
9051:Tournaments
9032:All players
8827:Chess books
8627:Tournaments
8481:Fool's mate
8246:Vienna Game
8236:Scotch Game
8069:Prophylaxis
7985:Zwischenzug
7970:Undermining
7938:Overloading
7898:Combination
7747:descriptive
7442:Chess table
7437:Chess clock
7253:Grandmaster
7014:Levy, David
6749:30 December
6719:21 December
6692:21 December
6665:25 December
6639:25 December
6613:21 December
6587:22 December
6561:21 December
6547:"Ju Wenjun"
6531:25 December
6500:25 December
6469:23 December
6439:24 December
6408:22 December
6382:23 December
6352:25 December
6325:22 December
6296:24 December
6265:23 December
6235:21 December
6221:"2004 News"
6179:22 December
6153:27 December
6070:22 December
6029:30 December
6004:30 December
5982:Tanner 2016
5967:21 December
5937:22 December
5911:22 December
5885:23 December
5825:23 December
5792:26 December
5760:26 December
5728:26 December
5696:25 December
5670:25 December
5614:25 December
5588:25 December
5559:26 December
5533:25 December
5501:25 December
5474:25 December
5444:25 December
5413:25 December
5382:25 December
5355:25 December
5329:25 December
5303:25 December
5244:21 December
5210:21 December
5177:21 December
5144:24 December
5115:26 December
5080:25 December
5054:25 December
5028:24 December
4998:22 December
4943:24 December
4870:24 December
4836:25 December
4805:25 December
4779:24 December
4749:24 December
4735:"Rome 1989"
4719:24 December
4669:Polgár 2012
4654:24 December
4611:23 December
4576:25 December
4512:Graham 1987
4437:24 December
4361:24 December
4330:24 December
4272:. Chess.com
3948:Switzerland
3840:Netherlands
3469:Federation
2824:4 June 1991
2648:29 May 1991
2629:Tan Zhongyi
2574:Lei Tingjie
2455:Irina Krush
2416:1 June 1988
2010:August 2010
1878:5 June 1979
1494:Marie Sebag
1411:August 2006
1228:Netherlands
1170:Switzerland
600:Title date
597:Award year
591:Birth date
588:Federation
506:Title date
498:Award year
482:Birth date
474:Federation
392:FIDE rating
327:Irina Krush
307:Tan Zhongyi
221:Oscar Panno
180:FIDE rating
174:adopted an
152:Grandmaster
118:Irina Krush
72:FIDE titles
56:FIDE rating
48:Grandmaster
9719:Categories
9438:Olga Girya
9188:Cairns Cup
8934:joke chess
8887:Chess club
8575:opposition
8032:Middlegame
8020:Initiative
7943:Pawn storm
7908:Deflection
7779:Key square
7769:Fianchetto
7702:Fast chess
7686:En passant
7378:chessboard
6830:5 December
6803:5 December
6127:9 December
6105:9 December
5269:22 January
5134:"Xu Yuhua"
4916:18 October
4688:25 January
4256:References
3813:Kazakhstan
3417:By country
3012:April 2023
2880:Kazakhstan
2835:March 2021
2803:Olga Girya
2659:March 2017
2549:April 2015
1949:March 2010
1889:March 2010
1295:March 2006
1244:April 2004
1233:8 May 1968
1186:April 2004
656:3 May 1941
614:Title app
603:Title age
562:Symbol key
538:Title app
514:Title age
452:Header key
403:Elo rating
338:Cairns Cup
176:Elo rating
132:Background
9675:Nemo Zhou
9638:Streamers
9588:Zhu Jiner
9463:Ju Wenjun
9458:Hou Yifan
9357:Ju Wenjun
9352:Hou Yifan
9340:2600+ GMs
9324:2700+ GMs
9315:Ju Wenjun
9295:Hou Yifan
8917:Stockfish
8907:Deep Blue
8902:AlphaZero
8810:paintings
8602:Tablebase
8566:Strategy
8471:Irregular
8226:Ruy Lopez
8186:Open Game
7953:Sacrifice
7913:Desperado
7816:connected
7789:Open file
7784:King walk
7742:algebraic
7673:Stalemate
7648:Checkmate
7373:Chess set
7365:Equipment
7034:251568420
6874:Chess.com
6853:7 October
6739:Chess.com
6551:Chess.com
6459:Olimpbase
6372:Olimpbase
6255:Olimpbase
6024:Chess.com
5999:Chess.com
5957:Chess.com
5845:Chess.com
5815:Olimpbase
5660:Chess.com
5639:16 August
5464:Olimpbase
5293:Chess.com
5234:Chess.com
5200:Chess.com
5167:Chess.com
4969:4 January
4906:Chess.com
4709:Chess.com
4601:Olimpbase
4566:Chess.com
4494:4 January
4460:15 August
4351:Chess.com
3975:Lithuania
3446:Ju Wenjun
3391:Hou Yifan
2982:Zhu Jiner
2156:Ju Wenjun
2131:July 2011
1933:Lithuania
1674:Hou Yifan
1466:July 2007
1350:June 2006
1125:June 2002
302:Hou Yifan
106:Hou Yifan
9704:Category
9583:Zhu Chen
9578:Zhao Xue
9573:Xu Yuhua
9285:Xu Yuhua
9275:Zhu Chen
9145:National
8976:Category
8929:glossary
8590:Zugzwang
8570:fortress
8502:Endgames
8411:Declined
8406:Accepted
8084:Openings
8042:Hedgehog
8008:Exchange
7995:Strategy
7975:Windmill
7826:isolated
7811:backward
7633:Castling
7576:amateurs
7469:Timeline
7343:Variants
7297:Glossary
7280:software
7265:glossary
7151:(1998).
7149:Xie, Jun
7110:(1970).
7088:(2022).
7066:(2012).
7026:72940860
7016:(1970).
6994:56014153
6984:(1956).
6905:(1998).
6879:27 April
6824:Archived
6797:Archived
6770:Archived
6768:. FIDE.
6743:Archived
6713:Archived
6686:Archived
6659:Archived
6633:Archived
6581:Archived
6579:. FIDE.
6555:Archived
6525:Archived
6494:Archived
6463:Archived
6433:Archived
6402:Archived
6400:. FIDE.
6376:Archived
6319:Archived
6317:. FIDE.
6290:Archived
6259:Archived
6205:13 March
6199:Archived
6197:. FIDE.
6173:Archived
6147:Archived
6064:Archived
6062:. FIDE.
5961:Archived
5931:Archived
5929:. FIDE.
5905:Archived
5903:. FIDE.
5879:Archived
5855:21 March
5849:Archived
5819:Archived
5783:Archived
5719:Archived
5690:Archived
5688:. FIDE.
5664:Archived
5608:Archived
5606:. FIDE.
5582:Archived
5580:. FIDE.
5553:Archived
5551:. FIDE.
5524:Archived
5522:. FIDE.
5495:Archived
5493:. FIDE.
5468:Archived
5438:Archived
5407:Archived
5376:Archived
5349:Archived
5323:Archived
5321:. FIDE.
5297:Archived
5238:Archived
5204:Archived
5171:Archived
5138:Archived
5106:Archived
5074:Archived
5072:. FIDE.
5048:Archived
4992:Archived
4937:Archived
4910:Archived
4864:Archived
4830:Archived
4799:Archived
4773:Archived
4743:Archived
4713:Archived
4648:Archived
4605:Archived
4570:Archived
4545:Xie 1998
4524:Elo 1986
4431:Archived
4429:. FIDE.
4355:Archived
4324:Archived
4128:See also
4056:Slovenia
3894:Scotland
3732:Bulgaria
3481:Overall
2896:May 2021
2427:May 2013
1752:Scotland
1588:May 2008
1527:May 2008
1436:Zhao Xue
1266:Xu Yuhua
1109:Bulgaria
1067:May 2002
983:Zhu Chen
315:Nadezhda
293:Zhu Chen
9568:Xie Jun
9265:Xie Jun
9221:Players
8877:Arbiter
8870:Related
8727:Solving
8717:Amateur
8294:Najdorf
7876:Battery
7863:Tactics
7838:Swindle
7821:doubled
7801:Outpost
7732:Blunder
7547:Armenia
7461:History
7307:Premove
7275:engines
7270:matches
7235:Outline
7002:1578704
6776:13 June
5403:chess24
4860:El Pais
4276:22 July
4083:Vietnam
3786:Germany
3705:Armenia
3651:Hungary
3549:Ukraine
3522:Georgia
3309:By year
2941:Germany
2704:Georgia
2533:Ukraine
2411:Georgia
2295:Ukraine
2234:Ukraine
1994:Armenia
1873:Ukraine
1633:Georgia
1334:Hungary
929:Xie Jun
833:Hungary
773:Hungary
711:Georgia
651:Georgia
458:Header
438:or the
311:Tatiana
269:Xie Jun
233:Georgia
92:became
82:Georgia
8815:poetry
8805:novels
8780:Caïssa
8712:Senior
8702:Junior
8285:Dragon
8280:Alapin
7965:Skewer
7831:passed
7774:Gambit
7581:female
7542:Europe
7525:Africa
7420:Knight
7415:Bishop
7159:
7137:
7118:
7096:
7074:
7052:
7032:
7024:
7000:
6992:
6970:
6951:
6932:
6913:
6849:. FIDE
5265:. FIDE
4184:title.
4080:
4053:
4026:
3999:
3972:
3945:
3921:Sweden
3918:
3891:
3867:Poland
3864:
3837:
3810:
3783:
3759:France
3756:
3729:
3702:
3675:
3648:
3624:Russia
3621:
3573:
3546:
3519:
3492:
3456:match.
3048:
2993:
2938:
2877:
2819:Russia
2816:
2701:
2640:
2585:
2530:
2469:
2408:
2292:
2231:
2201:Pres.
2167:
2112:
2054:Russia
2051:
1991:
1930:
1870:
1812:Russia
1809:
1749:
1685:
1630:
1572:Poland
1569:
1511:France
1508:
1447:
1395:Russia
1392:
1331:
1276:
1225:
1106:
1048:
993:
939:
891:Sweden
888:
830:
770:
708:
648:
622:First
323:Mariya
247:, and
8762:WCSCC
8707:Youth
8697:Blitz
8692:Rapid
8682:Women
8645:Women
8597:Study
8447:Other
7980:X-ray
7903:Decoy
7888:Block
7843:Tempo
7806:Pawns
7724:Terms
7643:Check
7625:Rules
7559:India
7552:Spain
7537:China
7430:Fairy
7405:Queen
7336:norms
7227:Chess
7179:from
6892:Books
5786:(PDF)
5779:(PDF)
5754:(PDF)
5747:(PDF)
5722:(PDF)
5715:(PDF)
5527:(PDF)
5520:(PDF)
5109:(PDF)
5102:(PDF)
4171:Notes
4102:Total
4002:Qatar
3576:India
3495:China
3063:2023
3051:India
3008:2023
2996:China
2953:2022
2892:2021
2831:2021
2771:2018
2716:2018
2674:2018
2671:2017
2655:2017
2643:China
2600:2017
2588:China
2564:2016
2561:2015
2545:2015
2484:2013
2423:2013
2362:2013
2326:2013
2323:2012
2307:2012
2246:2012
2198:2018
2182:2014
2170:China
2127:2011
2115:India
2066:2011
2006:2010
1945:2010
1885:2010
1824:2009
1764:2009
1719:2017
1716:2010
1700:2008
1688:China
1645:2008
1584:2008
1523:2008
1462:2008
1450:China
1407:2007
1346:2007
1310:2008
1307:2006
1291:2007
1279:China
1240:2004
1201:2010
1198:2008
1182:2004
1140:2006
1137:2004
1121:2002
1063:2002
1051:India
1027:2004
1024:2001
1008:2001
996:Qatar
973:2001
970:1991
954:1994
942:China
903:1992
845:1992
804:1999
801:1996
785:1991
744:1991
741:1978
723:1984
682:1978
679:1962
663:1978
625:Last
617:Refs
585:Name
546:Refs
466:Name
396:norms
253:Royan
245:Sofia
200:Susan
171:norms
60:norms
44:chess
9058:FIDE
8800:film
8757:WCCC
8752:TCEC
8742:CSVN
8687:Team
8657:List
7928:Fork
7853:Trap
7653:Draw
7425:Pawn
7410:Rook
7400:King
7348:List
7317:list
7292:FIDE
7181:FIDE
7157:ISBN
7135:ISBN
7116:ISBN
7094:ISBN
7072:ISBN
7050:ISBN
7030:OCLC
7022:LCCN
6998:OCLC
6990:LCCN
6968:ISBN
6949:ISBN
6930:ISBN
6911:ISBN
6881:2024
6855:2023
6832:2022
6805:2022
6778:2021
6751:2021
6721:2021
6694:2021
6667:2021
6641:2021
6615:2021
6589:2021
6563:2021
6533:2021
6502:2021
6471:2021
6441:2021
6410:2021
6384:2021
6354:2021
6327:2021
6298:2021
6267:2021
6237:2021
6207:2023
6181:2021
6155:2021
6129:2022
6107:2022
6072:2021
6031:2021
6006:2021
5969:2021
5939:2021
5913:2021
5887:2021
5857:2022
5827:2021
5794:2021
5762:2021
5730:2021
5698:2021
5672:2021
5641:2022
5616:2021
5590:2021
5561:2021
5535:2021
5503:2021
5476:2021
5446:2021
5415:2021
5384:2021
5357:2021
5331:2021
5305:2021
5271:2022
5246:2021
5212:2021
5179:2021
5146:2021
5117:2021
5082:2021
5056:2021
5030:2021
5000:2021
4971:2022
4945:2021
4918:2020
4872:2021
4838:2021
4807:2021
4781:2021
4751:2021
4721:2021
4690:2022
4656:2021
4613:2021
4578:2021
4496:2022
4462:2023
4439:2021
4363:2021
4332:2021
4278:2022
3610:N/A
3596:FIDE
3079:N/A
3075:2506
3024:N/A
3020:2507
2969:N/A
2965:2513
2908:N/A
2904:2507
2847:N/A
2843:2505
2787:N/A
2783:2611
2758:FIDE
2732:N/A
2728:2528
2667:2551
2616:N/A
2612:2554
2557:2563
2500:N/A
2496:2502
2439:N/A
2435:2531
2378:N/A
2374:2548
2349:FIDE
2319:2502
2262:N/A
2258:2606
2194:2604
2143:N/A
2139:2543
2082:N/A
2078:2576
2022:N/A
2018:2521
1961:N/A
1957:2542
1901:N/A
1897:2499
1840:N/A
1836:2581
1780:N/A
1776:2506
1712:2686
1661:N/A
1657:2573
1600:N/A
1596:2505
1539:N/A
1535:2537
1478:N/A
1474:2579
1423:N/A
1419:2563
1362:N/A
1358:2511
1303:2517
1256:N/A
1252:2472
1194:2561
1133:2560
1079:N/A
1075:2623
1020:2548
966:2574
919:N/A
915:2550
861:N/A
857:2735
797:2577
737:2560
675:2495
594:Age
530:WWC
490:Age
321:and
319:Anna
313:and
267:and
239:and
219:and
141:The
22:and
8737:CCC
7948:Pin
7752:PGN
3508:10
3071:22
3060:23
3016:20
3005:21
2961:36
2950:39
2900:21
2889:24
2839:29
2828:33
2779:19
2768:26
2724:31
2713:37
2663:25
2652:33
2608:19
2597:27
2553:22
2542:32
2492:29
2481:40
2431:24
2420:36
2370:23
2359:35
2315:27
2304:39
2254:21
2243:34
2190:20
2179:33
2135:20
2124:33
2074:26
2063:39
2014:31
2003:46
1953:26
1942:41
1893:30
1882:45
1832:22
1821:38
1784:KAG
1772:40
1761:56
1708:14
1697:30
1653:21
1642:37
1592:30
1581:46
1531:21
1520:37
1470:23
1459:39
1415:16
1404:34
1366:HTT
1354:26
1343:44
1299:29
1288:47
1248:35
1237:56
1190:19
1179:40
1129:23
1118:45
1071:15
1060:37
1016:24
1005:48
962:23
951:53
911:28
900:61
853:15
842:48
793:21
782:55
733:23
720:63
671:37
660:83
610:WWC
446:Key
9721::
7028:.
7012:;
6996:.
6901:;
6872:.
6741:.
6737:.
6553:.
6549:.
6523:.
6519:.
6492:.
6488:.
6461:.
6457:.
6431:.
6427:.
6374:.
6370:.
6306:^
6257:.
6253:.
6223:.
6051:^
6022:.
5997:.
5959:.
5955:.
5873:.
5847:.
5843:.
5817:.
5813:.
5802:^
5662:.
5658:.
5632:.
5569:^
5466:.
5462:.
5436:.
5432:.
5405:.
5401:.
5295:.
5291:.
5279:^
5254:^
5236:.
5232:.
5220:^
5202:.
5198:.
5187:^
5169:.
5165:.
5154:^
5125:^
5090:^
4979:^
4962:.
4908:.
4904:.
4880:^
4858:.
4846:^
4828:.
4824:.
4741:.
4737:.
4711:.
4707:.
4646:.
4642:.
4603:.
4599:.
4586:^
4568:.
4564:.
4552:^
4531:^
4504:^
4410:^
4395:^
4353:.
4349:.
4310:^
4239:^
4121:–
4117:42
4112:42
4107:32
4096:1
4093:0
4090:0
4087:0
4069:1
4066:1
4063:0
4060:0
4042:4
4039:2
4036:0
4033:0
4015:1
4012:0
4009:1
4006:0
3988:1
3985:1
3982:1
3979:0
3961:1
3958:0
3955:1
3952:1
3934:1
3931:1
3928:1
3925:1
3907:1
3904:1
3901:1
3898:1
3880:1
3877:1
3874:1
3871:1
3853:1
3850:1
3847:1
3844:1
3826:1
3823:1
3820:1
3817:1
3799:1
3796:1
3793:1
3790:1
3772:1
3769:1
3766:1
3763:1
3745:1
3742:1
3739:1
3736:1
3718:1
3715:1
3712:1
3709:1
3691:2
3688:1
3685:1
3682:1
3664:3
3661:3
3658:3
3655:1
3637:7
3634:6
3631:4
3628:1
3607:0
3604:2
3601:2
3589:3
3586:3
3583:3
3580:3
3562:5
3559:4
3556:4
3553:4
3535:6
3532:3
3529:5
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