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111:
144:
530:'s history, although the relationships between the two communes have always been tense, Bormio being dominant and more populous than Livigno. Until the 1970s Livigno was a farming village. In recent decades, however, things have changed, and nowadays Livigno enjoys a better economic situation and a higher number of inhabitants. Livigno has recently enjoyed one of Italy's highest birth rates (19.4 births per 1000 inhabitants). Livigno's economy is based on tourism, both in winter and in summer, and on its
2926:
1713:, but also play outdoor or indoor sports. The local tourist offer covers the four seasons, so there's the possibility not only of practising winter sports but also trekking, mountain biking, and since the lake was made navigable, water sports became another option. Furthermore, due to its 1,816 m (5,958 ft) above sea level, Livigno often hosts the training sessions of professional athletes of different disciplines, who come to the alpine resort to benefit from the high altitude.
63:
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73:
51:
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There are two separate ski areas at
Livigno, one on either side of the valley: Carosello 3000 (Vetta Blesaccia & Costaccia mountains), the other is the Mottolino area (Monte della Neve & Monte Sponda mountains) to the east. Livigno ski area: 115 km of piste (12 black runs, 37 red and 29 blue
1504:
The justification for such a status is the difficulty in reaching
Livigno during winter, and the centuries-long history of poverty in the region. The various states wanted to ensure people would have an incentive to live in the area (so that they could claim it territorially). At the same time, the
1620:
Nowadays, most information is given by a TV channel, TeleMonteNeve, which broadcasts the city council's meetings, a news report three times a week and other information both for residents and for tourists. On-line new media is also growing. An example is
Senzaiva, an on-line cultural magazine. Its
613:(Köppen: Dfc). Most of winter is spent below freezing and snow is abundant. Summer is the only part of the year in which temperatures above 10 °C (50 °F) are common, and frosts are less common (but still occur every year). Temperatures over 20 °C (68 °F) are rare.
1644:
Sport also plays an important role. In
Livigno there are nearly 20 sport associations, most of them are supported by an association called Sporting Club. Many young athletes often end up with good results in their discipline (see Notable people below).
1543:
was both widespread and not socially deprecated, being often the only way to survive in such a harsh environment. This generated some prejudice in the remaining population of
Valtellina, where smuggling was also widespread, with the local proverb
1448:'s parish church was erected at the end of the 19th century, on a previous church. The current building incorporated the previous one, which was left standing until the end of works, allowing church services to be carried out as usual.
1640:
The local dialect has been categorized in a dictionary, funded by the local administration. This language variety is used locally in street names and in some other signs, as well as on the official maps.
580:
in the municipality of
Livigno, is considered Europe's highest inhabited parish. Livigno was once a traditional and cultural village. Livigno is one of the few Italian villages which do not belong to the
460:
2088:
1465:
church, built at the beginning of the 16th century as an offering for protecting the village against plague. Local scenery encompasses high peaked mountains and deep valleys.
1485:(value added tax) is not paid. Although tax advantages for Livigno were recorded as far back as the sixteenth century, the current tax exemption was first introduced by the
1684:
Since 2010 the
International Livigno Chess Open has taken place, organized by the local chess club. It has attracted people from all over the world. Winner for 2010 was
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3022:
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601:, for electricity production. Some houses and a church, "Chiesetta di Viera" lying in the valley where the reservoir would be built, had to be demolished.
523:" which have always been frequent in the valley – the last avalanche to hit the village was in 1951, causing seven deaths and damage to a dozen houses.
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1610:
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Sport is relevant also in terms of tourism. In
Livigno people not only go and see sports competitions, which is a key component of so-called
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1563:. The tax free allowance for tourists applied here is the same as the one applied to travellers coming from any non EU country.
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Leaving
Livigno for the rest of Italy, there is a customs checkpoint on the road staffed by officers of the Italian militarized
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visit once in a while to buy goods at substantially lower prices, especially tax-free gasoline, sometimes from as far as
1482:
110:
87:
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1661:, no less than eight Italian athletes came from Livigno. It will be used for snowboarding and freestyle skiing in the
2207:
143:
597:, following an agreement with the Italian government, purchased land in Livigno in order to build a reservoir, the
1531:. Entering or leaving from or to Switzerland there are both Guardia di Finanza officers and Swiss Border Guards.
377:
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slopes). 31 lifts: (6-cableways 13-chairlifts, 11-ski lifts). Skiing season from late
November until early May.
1617:
valley. The local monthly newspaper, Al Restel, was founded in the same period and it is still published today.
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In 2015, Livigno was home to the European Freeride Festival which ran between 31 January and 4 February.
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2012:
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Nowadays Livigno is a rich area, and the main activities are linked to tourism, especially as a
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Despite its small size, there are many cultural organizations in Livigno. Some of these are:
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1516:, elevation 2,315 m (7,595 ft) and open in summer only, and the second through the
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in 1960. Although no VAT is paid, income taxes are, thus Livigno cannot be considered as a
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1613:, used to broadcast from Livigno, covering up to a wide part of the neighbouring
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The mass-media sector is quite developed as well. In the 1980s a local radio,
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1983:
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520:
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329:
1806:"Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011"
50:
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world championships were held here, from 28 August to 4 September.
1539:
Livigno once made a living from agriculture and a little commerce.
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571:
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Livigno from the confluence of the Aqua Granda with the Gallo Lake
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1950:
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34:
1520:. The third road connects to other parts of Italy through the
542:
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1702:. These tournaments also proved successful, so that even the
1666:
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paintings and a picture which is traditionally attributed to
1451:
Other buildings of note are the Caravaggio church, with some
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486:
214:
505:
Livigno's first settlers were probably shepherds during the
2349:
2344:
1703:
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2148:
1968:
1769:(born 1979), cross-country skier in Italy's National Team.
1605:
A few rock/pop bands, the most well-known being MetalDreit
2140:
2135:
1622:
1474:
2063:"Circolo Scacchistico Amos Cusini – Tournament – Open A"
2045:"Circolo Scacchistico Amos Cusini – Tournament – Open A"
2027:"Circolo Scacchistico Amos Cusini – Tournament – Open A"
1914:
2864:
1505:
tax revenue from Livigno would have been negligible.
593:
basin. Between 1965 and 1968, Swiss electric company
3030:
1493:around 1910, then by the Italian Republic and the
3145:
1629:status of Livigno and of all cultural products.
1548:, or "border people, all thieves or murderers".
1508:Only three roads lead to the town. Two link to
2089:"GM Alberto David wins the Livigno Chess Open"
1698:(both from Russia) and in 2012 the Italian GM
554:Livigno is 1,816 m (5,958 ft) above
3016:
2850:
2799:Cross country and biathlon center Fabio Canal
2656:
2208:
1706:(World Chess Federation) has mentioned them.
246:
32:
2013:"2015 European Freeride Festival in Livigno"
1868:"Lago di Livigno - fotografie e descrizione"
1351:Average high temperature below freezing days
477:and a special-administered territory in the
2001:Livigno ski resort guide - topskiresort.com
1395:Average low temperature below freezing days
534:status, with goods sold at bargain prices.
510:
3110:Freestyle Skiing Center and Snowboard Park
3023:
3009:
2972:Freestyle Skiing Center and Snowboard Park
2857:
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2663:
2649:
2215:
2201:
2171:
1830:. Italian National Institute of Statistics
1828:"Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018"
1808:. Italian National Institute of Statistics
1648:
1524:, elevation 2,291 m (7,516 ft).
1489:around 1840. It was then confirmed by the
3169:Special territories of the European Union
3159:Municipalities of the Province of Sondrio
2740:Mottolino/Sitas - Tagliede/Carosello 3000
2165:
2159:
526:Politically, Livigno has always followed
3131:: Genting Ski Resort, Taiwu Ski Resort,
2988:: Genting Ski Resort, Taiwu Ski Resort,
1631:
1580:
541:
1636:The Town Hall sign in the local dialect
509:. The first documents called this area
3146:
1725:(born 1959), team skier (9th place in
453:
3004:
2838:
2644:
2196:
620:Climate data for Livigno (2009–2017)
440:
2794:"Giuseppe Dal Ben" Ski Jumping Arena
2178:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
2086:
1576:
1546:gent de cunfin, tücc' lader o asesin
285:227.3 km (87.8 sq mi)
2109:Mambretti E., Ruberto T., Livigno.
1981:
1593:Corpo Musicale, a local street band
1468:
13:
3179:Venues of the 2026 Winter Olympics
2866:Olympic venues in freestyle skiing
1951:"teleMonteneve – Official Website"
1596:Gruppo folkloristico, a folk group
515:. The name possibly comes from an
14:
3200:
2120:
2113:, Lyasis Edizioni, Sondrio, 2015.
1893:"Livigno, Italy Weather Averages"
1850:"Official Livigno tourism portal"
1780:(born 1979) bronze medallists in
1745:(born 1973), rally car driver in
3062:
2924:
149:
142:
116:
109:
86:
71:
61:
49:
3184:Olympic freestyle skiing venues
2111:Una storia che viene da lontano
2103:
2080:
2055:
2037:
2019:
2005:
1994:
1975:
1749:, born in and lives in the town
1303:Below freezing days, 2009–2017
1301:
150:
117:
3174:Ski areas and resorts in Italy
3032:Olympic venues in snowboarding
1961:
1943:
1925:
1907:
1885:
1860:
1842:
1755:(born 1975), skier (winner of
1440:
1:
1791:
1568:Union Cycliste Internationale
1295:Source: World Weather Online
1089:Average snowfall cm (inches)
1019:Average rainfall mm (inches)
609:Livigno has a very cold, wet
3154:Cities and towns in Lombardy
2770:Stadio Olimpico del Ghiaccio
1761:2006 Alpine Skiing World Cup
1727:1980 Alpine Skiing World Cup
1625:", referring to the special
537:
293:1,816 m (5,958 ft)
130:Location of Livigno in Italy
7:
3189:Olympic snowboarding venues
3123:Alpensia Ski Jumping Centre
1495:European Economic Community
879:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
739:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
409:8 September / 21 July (for
10:
3205:
2907:Kanthaugen Freestyle Arena
2758:Olimpia delle Tofane piste
1659:2006 Turin Winter Olympics
1534:
1294:
619:
604:
500:
3164:Duty-free zones of Europe
3083:Park City Mountain Resort
3071:
3060:
3050:Kanbayashi Snowboard Park
3038:
2933:
2922:
2872:
2814:
2783:
2747:
2725:
2691:
2240:
2149:Another portal on Livigno
1782:short track speed skating
1716:
1473:Livigno enjoys a special
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1202:
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808:
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663:
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657:
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639:
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630:
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624:
489:, located in the Italian
417:
405:
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366:
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245:
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175:
103:
94:
85:
57:
48:
43:
30:
23:
18:Comune in Lombardy, Italy
1747:World Rally Championship
1679:
2954:Sauze d'Oulx-Jouvencaux
2712:PalaItalia Santa Giulia
2181:, 11 February 2005.
2153: Martin Bundi:
1984:"Sporting Club Livigno"
1737:Alpine Skiing World Cup
1649:Skiing and snowboarding
595:Engadiner Kraftwerke AG
450:
2460:Montagna in Valtellina
2275:Berbenno di Valtellina
2245:Albaredo per San Marco
2185:Livigno: winter sports
2136:Livigno Tourist office
1988:sportingclublivigno.it
1895:. World Weather Online
1637:
1586:
1555:. Many inhabitants of
551:
511:
468:
247:
33:
2916:Iizuna Kogen Ski Area
2099:on 27 September 2012.
1635:
1602:Carcent theatre group
1584:
1518:Munt la Schera Tunnel
545:
347: • Summer (
314:28/km (73/sq mi)
2676:2026 Winter Olympics
2575:Torre di Santa Maria
2335:Chiesa in Valmalenco
1982:Service, Longa Net.
1856:on 23 December 2003.
1786:2006 Winter Olympics
1663:2026 Winter Olympics
1621:name means "without
669:Record high °C (°F)
311: • Density
166:Show map of Lombardy
2884:Canada Olympic Park
2764:Pista Eugenio Monti
2530:San Giacomo Filippo
2500:Ponte in Valtellina
2440:Mazzo di Valtellina
2310:Castello dell'Acqua
2234:Province of Sondrio
1304:
1203:Average snowy days
1159:Average rainy days
949:Record low °C (°F)
809:Daily mean °C (°F)
481:, in the region of
479:province of Sondrio
191: /
97:Location of Livigno
2625:Villa di Chiavenna
2580:Tovo di Sant'Agata
2510:Prata Camportaccio
2315:Castione Andevenno
2015:. 30 January 2015.
1638:
1587:
1529:Guardia di Finanza
1514:Forcola di Livigno
1512:, one through the
1302:
552:
442:[liˈviɲɲo]
303: • Total
282: • Total
269: • Mayor
163:Livigno (Lombardy)
3141:
3140:
3119:Phoenix Snow Park
3072:21st century
3039:20th century
2998:
2997:
2981:Phoenix Snow Park
2934:21st century
2873:20th century
2832:
2831:
2749:Cortina d'Ampezzo
2684:Cortina d'Ampezzo
2638:
2637:
2255:Andalo Valtellino
2087:Mihailov, Anton.
2067:livignoscacchi.it
2049:livignoscacchi.it
2031:livignoscacchi.it
1955:telemonteneve.com
1939:on 30 April 2006.
1759:specialty cup in
1671:Cortina d'Ampezzo
1577:Culture and sport
1438:
1437:
1299:
1298:
1249:relative humidity
611:subalpine climate
587:Mediterranean Sea
558:. Livigno's main
431:
430:
378:Dialing code
272:Damiano Bormolini
195:46.533°N 10.133°E
133:Show map of Italy
44:Comune di Livigno
3196:
3133:Big Air Shougang
3101:Cypress Mountain
3066:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3002:
3001:
2990:Big Air Shougang
2963:Cypress Mountain
2928:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2836:
2835:
2707:Mediolanum Forum
2665:
2658:
2651:
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2380:Faedo Valtellino
2360:Cosio Valtellino
2217:
2210:
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2193:
2189:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2145:
2132:
2131:
2129:Official website
2114:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2095:. Archived from
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2078:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2009:
2003:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1935:. Archived from
1929:
1923:
1922:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1852:. Archived from
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1802:
1776:(born 1981) and
1763:), lives locally
1599:Monteneve Chorus
1491:Kingdom of Italy
1469:Duty-free status
1305:
617:
616:
514:
512:Vinea et Vineola
463:
457:
455:[liˈʋiɲ]
444:
439:
427:
426:
424:Official website
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90:
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65:
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38:
21:
20:
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3198:
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3058:
3054:Mount Yakebitai
3034:
3029:
2999:
2994:
2929:
2920:
2890:(demonstration)
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2863:
2833:
2828:
2810:
2807:
2779:
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2721:
2687:
2669:
2639:
2634:
2630:Villa di Tirano
2290:Buglio in Monte
2236:
2221:
2187:
2143:
2141:News on Livigno
2127:
2126:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2108:
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1799:
1794:
1743:Gianluigi Galli
1729:), born locally
1719:
1682:
1651:
1611:Radio Alteuropa
1579:
1571:mountain biking
1537:
1487:Austrian Empire
1471:
1443:
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703:
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683:
678:
673:
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599:Lago di Livigno
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176:Coordinates:
174:
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37:
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3092:Bardonecchia
2824:Verona Arena
2495:Poggiridenti
2419:
2300:Campodolcino
2227:
2188:(in Italian)
2176:
2154:
2144:(in Italian)
2110:
2105:
2097:the original
2092:
2082:
2070:. Retrieved
2066:
2057:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2021:
2007:
1996:
1987:
1977:
1963:
1954:
1945:
1937:the original
1927:
1918:
1909:
1897:. Retrieved
1887:
1875:. Retrieved
1872:livignese.it
1871:
1862:
1854:the original
1844:
1832:. Retrieved
1822:
1810:. Retrieved
1800:
1723:Daniela Zini
1708:
1689:Igor Naumkin
1683:
1675:
1656:
1652:
1643:
1639:
1619:
1608:
1588:
1565:
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1507:
1503:
1477:status as a
1472:
1452:
1450:
1444:
608:
575:
553:
525:
504:
472:
433:
432:
387:Patron saint
255:
77:Coat of arms
15:
2945:Deer Valley
2600:Valdidentro
2395:Gerola Alta
1933:"Al Restel"
1510:Switzerland
1483:Italian VAT
1463:Saint Rocco
1441:Main sights
589:but to the
564:Aqua Granda
507:Middle Ages
493:, near the
367:Postal code
324:Livignaschi
198: /
3148:Categories
2727:Valtellina
2605:Valdisotto
2595:Val Masino
2505:Postalesio
2250:Albosaggia
1969:"Senzaiva"
1919:carcent.it
1877:30 October
1792:References
1774:Katia Zini
1691:, in 2011
1615:Valtellina
1557:Valtellina
1553:ski resort
1459:Caravaggio
1446:Saint Mary
562:is called
550:in Livigno
519:word for "
517:old German
395:Saint Anna
298:Population
264:Government
3125:(big air)
2330:Chiavenna
2305:Caspoggio
1915:"Carcent"
1778:Mara Zini
1739:ski-racer
1627:duty-free
1566:The 2005
1541:Smuggling
1499:tax haven
1479:duty-free
591:Black Sea
556:sea level
538:Geography
532:duty-free
521:avalanche
461:‹See Tfd›
406:Saint day
391:Holy Mary
330:Time zone
290:Elevation
2717:PalaLido
2702:San Siro
2610:Valfurva
2590:Tresivio
2555:Talamona
2525:Samolaco
2480:Piantedo
2475:Pedesina
2465:Morbegno
2450:Menarola
2435:Mantello
2430:Madesimo
2410:Grosotto
2355:Colorina
2320:Cedrasco
2280:Bianzone
2224:Lombardy
2093:fide.com
1899:11 April
1834:16 March
1812:16 March
1772:cousins
1247:Average
1154:(371.5)
1084:(82.11)
1054:(10.81)
1049:(10.65)
577:frazione
572:Trepalle
546:Typical
497:border.
483:Lombardy
445:; local
438:Italian:
411:Trepalle
399:Trepalle
258:Trepalle
249:Frazioni
234:Province
227:Lombardy
2888:Nakiska
2787:Cluster
2751:Cluster
2729:Cluster
2695:Cluster
2674:of the
2615:Verceia
2560:Tartano
2550:Spriana
2545:Sondrio
2540:Sondalo
2485:Piateda
2420:Livigno
2415:Lanzada
2400:Gordona
2385:Forcola
2370:Delebio
2325:Cercino
2265:Ardenno
2232:of the
2226:·
2172:Italian
2155:Livigno
2072:9 April
1657:At the
1561:Sondrio
1535:Economy
1454:ex voto
1149:(37.6)
1144:(50.4)
1139:(26.9)
1134:(19.4)
1119:(18.7)
1114:(40.2)
1109:(55.4)
1104:(42.0)
1099:(39.2)
1094:(33.8)
1082:2,085.7
1079:(4.76)
1074:(6.74)
1069:(4.92)
1064:(7.02)
1059:(5.07)
1044:(9.76)
1039:(8.07)
1034:(5.27)
1029:(4.83)
1024:(4.20)
944:(26.1)
939:(10.0)
934:(18.3)
929:(27.0)
924:(36.7)
919:(45.1)
914:(46.0)
909:(42.6)
904:(33.6)
899:(24.6)
894:(14.7)
874:(32.4)
869:(16.7)
864:(24.3)
859:(33.4)
854:(43.2)
849:(52.0)
844:(52.3)
839:(48.0)
834:(38.7)
829:(29.7)
824:(21.7)
819:(14.7)
814:(14.0)
804:(38.8)
799:(23.2)
794:(30.2)
789:(39.9)
784:(49.6)
779:(58.6)
774:(58.6)
769:(53.6)
764:(43.9)
759:(34.9)
754:(28.8)
749:(23.0)
744:(21.4)
605:Climate
585:of the
501:History
447:Lombard
434:Livigno
418:Website
320:Demonym
239:Sondrio
211:Country
186:10°08′E
183:46°32′N
157:Livigno
124:Livigno
25:Livigno
2898:Tignes
2816:Verona
2672:Venues
2620:Vervio
2585:Traona
2570:Tirano
2565:Teglio
2535:Sernio
2520:Rogolo
2515:Rasura
2425:Lovero
2405:Grosio
2390:Fusine
2375:Dubino
2340:Chiuro
2295:Caiolo
2285:Bormio
2260:Aprica
2229:Comuni
2166:French
2160:German
1757:slalom
1717:People
1481:area.
1461:, and
1434:254.6
1390:138.3
1242:167.9
1198:156.8
1129:(4.2)
1124:(3.7)
1014:(−35)
1009:(−35)
1004:(−35)
999:(−11)
964:(−20)
959:(−27)
954:(−31)
889:(6.6)
884:(6.6)
625:Month
528:Bormio
474:comune
465:German
451:Livígn
222:Region
35:Comune
2693:Milan
2680:Milan
2490:Piuro
2445:Mello
2365:Dazio
1680:Chess
1667:Milan
1346:Year
1290:89.6
1287:90.7
1284:91.1
1281:87.2
1278:85.1
1275:82.6
1272:82.0
1269:83.8
1266:90.0
1263:96.0
1260:97.0
1257:94.6
1254:94.8
1239:17.1
1236:16.2
1233:12.8
1218:17.4
1215:22.4
1212:22.0
1209:20.3
1206:18.4
1189:10.7
1186:17.0
1183:25.7
1180:26.8
1177:24.9
1174:19.0
1171:10.2
1152:943.6
1142:128.0
1112:102.0
1107:140.6
1102:106.7
1077:121.0
1072:171.1
1067:125.0
1062:178.4
1057:128.9
1052:274.5
1047:270.6
1042:247.8
1037:205.1
1032:133.9
1027:122.7
1022:106.7
994:(12)
989:(25)
984:(23)
979:(21)
974:(10)
969:(−9)
937:−12.2
887:−14.1
882:−14.1
812:−10.0
734:(73)
729:(36)
724:(48)
719:(63)
714:(68)
709:(73)
704:(73)
699:(73)
694:(64)
689:(54)
684:(41)
679:(34)
674:(36)
664:Year
560:river
548:baita
495:Swiss
487:Italy
469:Luwin
397:(for
371:23041
356:UTC+2
335:UTC+1
306:6,363
215:Italy
3129:2022
3115:2018
3106:2014
3097:2010
3088:2006
3079:2002
3046:1998
2986:2022
2977:2018
2968:2014
2959:2010
2950:2006
2941:2002
2912:1998
2903:1994
2894:1992
2880:1988
2455:Mese
2350:Civo
2345:Cino
2270:Bema
2169:and
2157:in
2074:2021
1901:2017
1879:2020
1836:2019
1814:2019
1704:FIDE
1669:and
1431:31.0
1428:30.0
1425:22.8
1422:14.2
1410:22.0
1407:29.0
1404:30.9
1401:28.0
1398:31.0
1387:28.1
1384:17.1
1360:20.6
1357:26.9
1354:29.8
1251:(%)
1230:8.0
1227:2.7
1224:2.3
1221:8.1
1195:3.8
1192:4.6
1168:6.0
1165:4.1
1162:4.1
1147:95.5
1137:68.4
1132:49.2
1127:10.7
1117:47.6
1097:99.6
1092:85.8
942:−3.3
932:−7.6
927:−2.8
897:−4.1
892:−9.6
867:−8.5
862:−4.3
847:11.1
842:11.3
827:−1.3
822:−5.7
817:−9.6
797:−4.9
792:−1.0
777:14.8
772:14.8
767:12.0
752:−1.8
747:−5.0
742:−5.9
661:Dec
658:Nov
655:Oct
652:Sep
649:Aug
646:Jul
643:Jun
640:May
637:Apr
634:Mar
631:Feb
628:Jan
574:, a
568:Spöl
491:Alps
382:0342
360:CEST
277:Area
241:(SO)
67:Flag
1784:in
1665:in
1623:VAT
1475:tax
1419:4.4
1416:3.6
1413:7.7
1381:5.6
1378:0.1
1375:0.0
1372:0.0
1369:0.0
1366:1.7
1363:8.6
1343:Dec
1340:Nov
1337:Oct
1334:Sep
1331:Aug
1328:Jul
1325:Jun
1322:May
1319:Apr
1316:Mar
1313:Feb
1310:Jan
1122:9.3
1012:−37
1007:−37
1002:−37
997:−24
992:−11
972:−12
967:−23
962:−29
957:−33
952:−35
922:2.6
917:7.3
912:7.8
907:5.9
902:0.9
872:0.2
857:0.8
852:6.2
837:8.9
832:3.7
802:3.8
787:4.4
782:9.8
762:6.6
757:1.6
566:or
349:DST
339:CET
3150::
3121:,
3117::
3108::
3099::
3090::
3081::
3052:,
3048::
2979::
2970::
2961::
2952::
2943::
2914::
2905::
2896::
2886:,
2882::
2163:,
2091:.
2065:.
2047:.
2029:.
1986:.
1953:.
1917:.
1870:.
1693:GM
1686:GM
1673:.
1501:.
987:−4
982:−5
977:−6
732:23
717:17
712:20
707:23
702:23
697:23
692:18
687:12
570:.
485:,
467::
458:;
449::
393:/
3024:e
3017:t
3010:v
2858:e
2851:t
2844:v
2686:)
2682:–
2678:(
2664:e
2657:t
2650:v
2216:e
2209:t
2202:v
2076:.
2051:.
2033:.
1990:.
1971:.
1957:.
1921:.
1903:.
1881:.
1838:.
1816:.
727:2
722:9
682:5
677:1
672:2
436:(
413:)
401:)
362:)
358:(
351:)
341:)
337:(
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