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serviced, and then kept docked to the orbiting
Gateway until the next surface mission. Because the Moon lacks an atmosphere, the lander would not have to endure the heat and ablation during atmospheric re-entry, which expands its service time and reduces significantly the labor and costs of refurbishment. Many of its key systems, including the crew pressure vessel, avionics, life support, communications, controls, and navigation systems, were already developed for the new
271:, and the Mars Ascent/Descent Vehicle (MADV). Lockheed Martin hopes that the lunar activities will help develop precursor infrastructure and experience for a Mars expedition. The crewed lunar lander, if built, would be used to develop the Mars MADV lander. The lunar lander concept was presented in October 2018, and it envisions a single-stage, fully reusable lander system capable of taking off to return to the orbiting
278:
The initial concept would accommodate a crew of four and approximately 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) of cargo payload on the surface for up to two weeks before returning to the
Gateway without refueling on the surface. After a surface mission, it would return to the Gateway, where it can be refueled,
216:
for funding and fabrication. NASA specified that it would wait until 2024 to decide the date and method for a crewed lunar lander, and have hinted at seeking a crewed lander no heavier than 6 t (13,000 lb). The reusable lander would enable sustainable lunar surface exploration. The second
291:
The Mars-Precursor Lunar Lander would be a single-stage reusable vehicle able to transport a crew of 4, up to one ton (1,000 kg or 2,200 lb) of usable cargo, and operate for up to 2 weeks on the lunar surface before returning to the lunar orbiting
Gateway for refuelling and service. The
311:, and some of Orion's existing systems such as life support, controls, and some avionics, so Lockheed Martin officials think that construction time would be relatively short. Its proposed four engines are a variant of the
292:
lander would be able to land anywhere on the Moon, including the lunar poles as well as lower latitude sites on the lunar far side. The vehicle's operational lifetime would be between 4 and 10 flights.
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In 2016, Lockheed Martin announced their architecture concepts for a crewed Mars mission and related vehicles that include the
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used during the Apollo missions. It would have an elevator to get the crew down from the cabin to the surface.
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The Mars-Precursor Lunar Lander would be 14 m (46 ft) tall, making it twice as tall as the
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is a reusable crewed lunar lander first unveiled in
October 2018, and it is being proposed to
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proposal, revealed on 10 April 2019, is a 2-stage lander proposed to meet Vice
President
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Concept for a Crewed Lunar Lander
Operating from the Lunar Orbiting Platform-Gateway
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440:"Lockheed Martin proposes a mega-lunar lander: 62 tons and an elevator"
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component, but
Lockheed Martin is providing the ascent portion of the
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Cichan, Timothy; Bailey, Stephen A.; et al. (1–5 October 2018).
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The lander concept envisions the use of the pressure vessel of the
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Missions are ordered by launch date. Crewed missions are in
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232:'s hardware, and are designed to take astronauts from the
505:"Lockheed Martin unveils Orion-based Moon lander concept"
476:"Lockheed Martin Reveals New Human Lunar Lander Concept"
563:(Press release). Defense Media Network. 6 October 2018
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561:"Lockheed Martin Reveals Crewed Lunar Lander Concept"
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535:"Lunar Lander Proposal Unveiled by Lockheed Martin"
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2321:List of species that have landed on the Moon
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397:69th International Astronautical Congress
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247:NASA did not select this design for the
16:Concept lunar lander for Artemis program
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401:International Astronautical Federation
267:(a crewed orbiting Mars station), the
2412:Lockheed Martin satellites and probes
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2017:International Lunar Research Station
342:List of crewed lunar lander designs
323:, generating an estimated impulse (
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731:Japanese Lunar Exploration Program
327:) of 5 km/s (3.1 mi/s).
201:is a series of design concepts by
14:
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2336:Moon landing conspiracy theories
503:Smith, Heather (11 April 2019).
58:Proposed: Lockheed Martin / NASA
2053:Lunar Polar Exploration Mission
484:(Press release). 3 October 2018
438:Berger, Eric (3 October 2018).
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130:Height: 14 m (46 ft)
1:
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114:1,000 kg (2,200 lb)
2351:List of crewed lunar landers
2311:List of missions to the Moon
2134:Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander
2093:Lunar Crater Radio Telescope
1865:Firefly Aerospace Blue Ghost
1180:SELENE (Kaguya, Okina, Ouna)
836:Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
315:that uses the bi-propellant
228:Both proposals are based on
205:for a crewed lunar lander.
199:Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander
66:Reusable crewed lunar lander
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2193:International Lunar Network
598:homepage at Lockheed Martin
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1593:Peregrine Mission One
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249:Human Landing System
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2127:Boeing Lunar Lander
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1066:(propulsion module)
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633:Spacecraft missions
509:SpaceFlight Insider
399:. Bremen, Germany:
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302:Apollo Lunar Module
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2177:#dearMoon project
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541:. 4 October 2018
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1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1678:Lunar IceCube
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1441:Sample return
1438:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1064:Chandrayaan-3
1062:
1060:
1059:Chandrayaan-1
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1000:
996:
994:
993:
989:
987:
986:
982:
980:
979:
975:
973:
972:
968:
966:
965:
961:
959:
958:
954:
953:
951:
947:
944:
938:
928:
925:
924:
922:
918:
912:
909:
908:
906:
902:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
882:
880:
876:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
849:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
819:Chandrayaan-2
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
806:
804:
800:
797:
791:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
764:
763:
760:
756:
753:
752:
751:
748:
744:
741:
740:
739:
736:
732:
729:
728:
727:
724:
720:
717:
716:
715:
712:
708:
705:
704:
703:
700:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
675:Lunar Orbiter
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
657:
656:
653:
652:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
627:
622:
620:
615:
613:
608:
607:
604:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
583:
562:
556:
540:
536:
530:
528:
526:
510:
506:
499:
483:
482:
477:
471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
447:
446:
441:
434:
432:
430:
428:
426:
424:
422:
420:
418:
402:
398:
391:
390:
382:
380:
378:
376:
374:
372:
370:
368:
366:
364:
362:
360:
358:
353:
343:
340:
338:
335:
334:
328:
326:
322:
318:
317:liquid oxygen
314:
310:
305:
303:
293:
284:
282:
276:
274:
273:Lunar Gateway
270:
266:
256:
254:
250:
245:
243:
239:
235:
234:Lunar Gateway
231:
226:
224:
220:
215:
211:
206:
204:
200:
190:
187:
186:Lunar Gateway
183:
179:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
119:Crew capacity
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
90:
86:
82:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
50:United States
49:
45:
41:
37:
34:
31:
27:
23:
2364:
2215:Lunar Lander
2202:
2175:
2163:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2019:(late 2020s)
1845:Artemis VIII
1843:
1835:
1827:
1819:
1811:
1803:
1796:
1788:
1623:Chang'e 5-T1
1615:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1381:
1374:
1367:
1250:
1029:
1022:
1015:
990:
983:
976:
969:
962:
955:
825:Chang'e 5-T1
738:South Korean
565:. Retrieved
555:
543:. Retrieved
538:
512:. Retrieved
508:
498:
486:. Retrieved
479:
449:. Retrieved
445:Ars Technica
443:
404:. Retrieved
388:
306:
299:
290:
277:
262:
246:
227:
209:
207:
198:
196:
138:≈ 10 flights
89:lunar lander
63:Applications
29:Manufacturer
2245:OrbitBeyond
2155:Cancelled /
2023:Argonaut M1
1981:Beresheet 2
1969:Hakuto-R M2
1837:Artemis VII
1805:Artemis III
1643:Longjiang-1
1537:Hakuto-R M1
1100:Longjiang-2
1075:Explorer 35
719:Chandrayaan
645:Exploration
135:Design life
95:Launch mass
2381:Categories
2255:Prospector
2230:Lunokhod 3
2103:Moon Diver
2098:McCandless
2011:MoonRanger
1829:Artemis VI
1813:Artemis IV
1790:Artemis II
1688:Mariner 10
1577:Surveyor 2
1572:OMOTENASHI
1391:Lunokhod 1
1309:Surveyor 1
1070:Clementine
348:References
219:Mike Pence
184:Proposed:
181:Flown with
155:Production
127:Dimensions
2270:Ukrselena
2120:DSE-Alpha
2078:Garatéa-L
2068:Blue Moon
2063:Artemis-7
1987:ispace M3
1952:Chang'e 8
1946:Chang'e 7
1889:Luna-Glob
1821:Artemis V
1703:Pioneer 4
1693:NEA Scout
1668:LunaH-Map
1617:Apollo 13
1527:Beresheet
1506:Chang'e 5
1450:Apollo 11
1369:Apollo 15
1259:Chang'e 5
1190:Impactors
1044:Chang'e 1
1039:Artemis I
957:Apollo 11
885:Chang'e 3
841:Queqiao 1
755:Luna-Glob
2265:SELENE-2
2240:MoonRise
2235:MoonLITE
2157:concepts
2083:ISOCHRON
2039:missions
2037:Proposed
1773:missions
1708:Ranger 5
1340:EagleCam
1213:Ranger 4
1017:Apollo 8
1009:Orbiters
942:missions
927:ArgoMoon
859:Tiandu-1
814:CAPSTONE
802:Orbiters
795:missions
777:Lunokhod
726:Japanese
695:Surveyor
655:American
648:programs
331:See also
259:Overview
163:Proposed
103:Dry mass
55:Operator
39:Designer
2365:italics
2289:Related
2210:Lunar-A
2088:LunaNet
2046:Robotic
2013:(2020s)
2007:(2020s)
2001:(2020s)
1975:DESTINY
1929:(2030s)
1927:Luna 31
1923:(2030s)
1921:Luna 30
1917:(2030s)
1915:Luna 29
1909:Luna 28
1903:Luna 27
1897:Luna 26
1873:(2025)
1781:Artemis
1771:Planned
1633:Galileo
1628:Geotail
1491:Luna 16
1431:Jinchan
1243:Landers
1175:SMART-1
1105:Luna 10
878:Landers
869:ICUBE-Q
821:Orbiter
809:ARTEMIS
750:Russian
707:Chang'e
702:Chinese
685:Pioneer
665:Artemis
635:to the
325:delta-v
87:Crewed
2165:Altair
2112:Crewed
2025:(2031)
1995:(2026)
1989:(2026)
1983:(2025)
1977:(2025)
1971:(2024)
1962:Others
1954:(2028)
1948:(2026)
1911:(2030)
1905:(2028)
1899:(2027)
1867:(2024)
1848:(2033)
1840:(2032)
1832:(2031)
1824:(2030)
1816:(2028)
1808:(2026)
1793:(2025)
1758:PAS-22
1733:Zond 3
1713:STEREO
1698:Nozomi
1648:Luna 1
1603:Flybys
1587:Vikram
1542:Luna 5
1425:Sora-Q
1355:Rovers
1334:Vikram
1269:Luna 9
1203:Luna 2
1198:LCROSS
920:Flybys
911:Yutu-2
904:Rovers
831:Danuri
793:Active
767:Crewed
762:Soviet
743:Danuri
714:Indian
690:Ranger
660:Apollo
567:31 May
545:31 May
514:31 May
488:31 May
451:31 May
406:31 May
160:Status
2280:VIPER
2073:BOLAS
2058:ALINA
1683:LunIR
1421:LEV-2
1416:LEV-1
1170:PFS-2
1165:PFS-1
1095:LADEE
1090:Hiten
1085:GRAIL
393:(PDF)
2275:XL-1
2005:CU-E
1938:CLEP
1871:IM-2
1857:CLPS
1728:Wind
1723:WMAP
1718:TESS
1401:Yutu
1345:IM-1
940:Past
895:SLIM
782:Zond
772:Luna
670:CLPS
637:Moon
569:2019
547:2019
516:2019
490:2019
453:2019
408:2019
313:RL10
242:Mars
238:Moon
214:NASA
197:The
2198:LEO
1638:ICE
2383::
2204:LK
1611:4M
1567:25
1562:18
1557:15
1501:24
1496:20
1485:17
1478:16
1471:15
1464:14
1457:12
1383:17
1376:16
1304:24
1299:23
1294:21
1289:20
1284:17
1279:16
1274:13
1255:×6
1130:22
1125:19
1120:14
1115:12
1110:11
1080:49
1024:10
992:17
985:16
978:15
971:14
964:12
537:.
524:^
507:.
478:.
461:^
442:.
416:^
395:.
356:^
319:/
283:.
275:.
244:.
225:.
2367:.
1753:8
1748:7
1743:6
1738:5
1663:6
1658:4
1653:3
1582:4
1552:8
1547:7
1511:6
1427:)
1423:(
1396:2
1329:7
1324:6
1319:5
1314:3
1264:6
1233:9
1228:8
1223:7
1218:6
1155:5
1150:4
1145:3
1140:2
1054:5
1049:2
1001:)
997:(
890:4
864:2
854:2
850:)
847:2
845:L
625:e
618:t
611:v
571:.
549:.
518:.
492:.
455:.
410:.
122:4
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