458:. Glassy amorphous solids can be found in products such as lollipops, marshmallows, and caramels. Glassy amorphous solids result when moderate sugar concentrations (50% solutions) are heated to high temperatures, eliminating nearly all moisture. The final moisture content is around 1–2%, whereas the final moisture content in crystalline candies is 8–12%. The non-crystalline nature of glassy amorphous solids is due to the presence of inhibitors in the solution. Without an inhibitor, crystallization would occur spontaneously and rapidly as sugar cools due to its high concentration. Some common inhibitors used in lollipop production are corn syrup,
1803:
1437:
140:
490:. The first step in making lollipops after mixing the main ingredients is the heating process. During heating, the molecules increase in their translational mobility and therefore begin to resemble liquids. Although many hard candies are heated to about 310 °F (154 °C), the temperature that the solution is heated to is dependent on the specific volume and contents of the mixture. After heating is complete, the solution can then be cooled. The final cooled solution is
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In lollipop, the moisture content falls to less than 2% at the end of the lollipop making process, water is required at the start of the process. All other ingredients used in the process of lollipop production are optional. The use of inhibitors is dependent on the type of sugar used. The amount of
453:
Sugar interacts differently depending on the presence of other ingredients and on various treatments. When heated enough to break the molecules apart, sugar generates a complex flavor, changes the color, and creates a pleasing aroma. Sugar can form two types of solids in foods: crystalline and
494:
due to the moisture content dropping below 2%. Supersaturated or supercooled liquids are also formed due to inhibitors preventing crystallization. They are unstable because crystallization is a favored reaction in this case. During the cooling process, the most important physicochemical
295:, embedded in the candy. Other novelty lollipops have non-edible centers, such as a flashing light embedded within the candy; there is also a trend, principally in North America, of lollipops with sticks attached to a motorized device that makes the candy spin around in one's mouth.
264:
Lollipops are available in a number of colors and flavors, particularly fruit flavors. With numerous companies producing lollipops, they come in dozens of flavors and many different shapes. Lollipops can range from very small candies bought in bulk and given away as a courtesy at
449:
groups are open, which leaves them very susceptible to reaction. In this state, sugars are unstable. In ring form, sugars are stable and therefore exist in this form in most foods, including lollipops.
401:
in 1796. The term may have derived from the terms "lolly" (tongue) and "pop" (slap). The first references to the lollipop in its modern context date to the 1920s. Alternatively, it may be a word of
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1348:
732:
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The invention of the modern lollipop is still something of a mystery, but a number of
American companies in the early 20th century have laid claim to it. According to the book
2194:
394:, who started making large hard candies mounted on sticks in 1908. He named them after a racehorse of the time, Lolly Pop—and trademarked the lollipop name in 1931.
441:, meaning that there is a water molecule attached to each carbon. Sugars come in two forms: straight-chain and ring form. When sugars are in straight-chain form,
1341:
474:
inhibitor in the lollipop is usually small in comparison to the amount of sugar used. Additional flavors, colorings, and inclusions (like bubble gum or a
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The idea of an edible candy on a stick is very simple, and it is probable that the lollipop has been invented and reinvented numerous times. The first
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The formation and physical state of the glassy amorphous structure used in the creation of the lollipop are involved in a
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284:", "ice lollies", or "popsicles" are frozen water-based lollipops. Some lollipops contain fillings, such as
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478:) can be added to the final product but are not part of the main structure of a simple lollipop.
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337:. Flavored lollipops containing medicine are intended to give children medicine without fuss.
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725:"Actiq Buccal: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD"
352:
pain medication and take Actiq on a handle in order to control breakthrough cancer pain.
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2214:
2008:
1963:
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1405:
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921:
908:
Roos, Y.H (2010). "Glass
Transition Temperature and Its Relevance in Food Processing".
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or soft candy. Some novelty lollipops have more unusual items, such as
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236:. Different informal terms are used in different places, including
833:
Hubschmannova, Milena; Kalinin, Valdemar; Kenrick, Donald (2000).
2049:
1978:
1917:
1862:
1857:
1825:
1665:
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590:"Pop or Soda? Hero or Sub? 13 Regional Food Names Around America"
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1971:
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1603:
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1183:
672:"Kids are suckers for lollipop that spins around and costs $ 4"
467:
446:
349:
270:
201:
755:
Food for
Thought: Extraordinary Little Chronicles of the World
388:
Food for
Thought: Extraordinary Little Chronicles of the World
1927:
1652:
1554:
1513:
1392:
1102:
969:
463:
430:
380:
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832:
266:
248:, etc. Lollipops are available in many flavors and shapes.
1675:
1356:
397:
The term 'lollipop' was recorded by
English lexicographer
1791:
1736:
938:
701:. WFAA News (Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas). Archived from
648:. Smithsonian National Zoological Park. Archived from
273:, and other locations, to very large treats made from
280:
Most lollipops are eaten at room temperature, but "
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
16:Type of candy, usually hard and mounted on a stick
405:origin, related to the Roma tradition of selling
375:that closely resemble lollipops date back to the
2280:
429:The main ingredients in a standard lollipop are
329:, although their effectiveness is untested, and
866:
1342:
954:
325:Some lollipops have been marketed for use as
910:Annual Review of Food Science and Technology
867:Morpeth-Spayne, Rebecca (December 8, 2021).
415:
826:
379:, when the nobility would often eat boiled
1349:
1335:
961:
947:
322:Lollipops can be used to carry medicines.
138:
696:
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
390:, they were invented by George Smith of
359:
255:
699:"Lollipop Diet helps woman shed pounds"
348:. Often, patients use large amounts of
2281:
892:
643:
1330:
942:
697:St. James, Janet (February 8, 2007).
625:from the original on January 16, 2023
587:
907:
873:International Confectionery Magazine
344:lollipop whose active ingredient is
228:mounted on a stick and intended for
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
1706:Heated humidified high-flow therapy
735:from the original on August 2, 2021
644:Fromme, Alison (July–August 2005).
383:with the aid of sticks or handles.
310:, some lollipops are flavored with
13:
1970:
1908:
1801:
1572:
922:10.1146/annurev.food.102308.124139
901:
804:
14:
2310:
869:"How are lollipops manufactured?"
495:characteristic of lollipops, the
333:of weight loss may be due to the
2148:
1674:
1435:
1429:
1312:
1311:
1025:List of top-selling candy brands
770:. CandyCrate.com. Archived from
481:
317:
200:
30:
1050:List of chocolate manufacturers
886:
860:
798:
786:
41:needs additional citations for
760:
747:
717:
690:
664:
637:
615:"Lolly definition and meaning"
607:
588:Myers, Dan (August 12, 2015).
581:
555:
424:
1:
1474:Effervescent powder or tablet
897:. Scribner. pp. 647–712.
768:"Lollipops and Candy Suckers"
549:
277:twisted into a spiral shape.
2258:Patient-controlled analgesia
1563:Orally disintegrating tablet
1045:List of chocolate bar brands
1035:List of confectionery brands
836:What Is the Romani Language?
437:. Sugars are fully hydrated
260:Spiral type with multi-color
7:
812:Online Etymology Dictionary
502:
10:
2315:
2294:Brands that became generic
1769:Relative analgesia machine
1151:List of chewing gum brands
619:Collins English Dictionary
413:in the Romani language is
355:
18:
2213:
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2157:
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2110:
2077:
1958:
1896:
1849:
1785:
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1377:
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1309:
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1164:
1131:
1058:
1012:
976:
968:
793:Oxford English Dictionary
195:
185:
167:
157:
153:Lolly, sucker, sticky-pop
149:
137:
21:Lollipop (disambiguation)
1358:Routes of administration
251:
1884:Extra-amniotic infusion
1489:Molecular encapsulation
1421:Osmotic delivery system
1416:Time release technology
893:McGhee, Harold (2004).
416:
2187:Central nervous system
1975:
1913:
1841:Mucoadhesive microdisc
1806:
1146:Functional chewing gum
795:, Second Edition, 1933
392:New Haven, Connecticut
368:
261:
224:usually consisting of
2030:Transfersome vesicles
1974:
1912:
1889:Intravesical infusion
1805:
1301:Pies, tarts and flans
567:How Products are Made
363:
259:
1716:Metered-dose inhaler
1701:Anesthetic vaporizer
1078:Couverture chocolate
1040:List of chocolatiers
1030:List of breath mints
774:on February 13, 2014
652:on November 11, 2005
340:Actiq is a powerful
50:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
2141:Transdermal implant
2101:(into tissue/blood)
1878:Intrauterine device
1759:Anaesthetic machine
1754:Oxygen concentrator
984:Sugar confectionery
895:On Food and Cooking
569:. Advameg Inc. 2007
335:power of suggestion
206:Media: Lollipop
134:
2253:Nanocell injection
1976:
1914:
1807:
1661:Dry-powder inhaler
1073:Compound chocolate
1068:Types of chocolate
369:
262:
130:
2276:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2103:
2065:Transdermal spray
2060:Transdermal patch
2050:Medicated shampoo
1781:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1764:Medical inhalants
1711:Medical inhalants
1639:Respiratory tract
1633:
1632:
1527:
1526:
1324:
1323:
1108:Belgian chocolate
1093:Chocolate truffle
805:Harper, Douglas.
499:process, occurs.
214:
213:
150:Alternative names
144:Rainbow lollipops
126:
125:
118:
100:
2306:
2152:
2108:
2107:
2099:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1649:
1648:
1578:Sublingual drops
1551:
1550:
1439:
1433:
1389:
1388:
1375:
1374:
1351:
1344:
1337:
1328:
1327:
1315:
1314:
1113:French chocolate
963:
956:
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940:
939:
934:
933:
905:
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779:
764:
758:
751:
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721:
715:
714:
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710:
694:
688:
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683:
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661:
659:
657:
646:"Edible insects"
641:
635:
634:
632:
630:
611:
605:
604:
602:
600:
585:
579:
578:
576:
574:
559:
497:glass transition
488:chemical process
456:glassy amorphous
419:
300:Nordic countries
204:
168:Main ingredients
142:
135:
133:
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121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
58:
34:
26:
2314:
2313:
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2308:
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2305:
2304:
2303:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2268:
2248:Intraperitoneal
2220:musculoskeletal
2218:
2209:
2181:
2177:Intra-articular
2153:
2144:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2073:
1954:
1892:
1845:
1790:
1773:
1731:
1687:
1684:
1683:
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1629:
1598:
1523:
1440:
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1425:
1379:Digestive tract
1364:
1355:
1325:
1320:
1318:Category: Candy
1305:
1264:
1255:Horehound drops
1238:Medicinal candy
1233:
1160:
1127:
1118:Swiss chocolate
1083:White chocolate
1054:
1020:List of candies
1008:
972:
967:
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902:
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827:
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761:
753:Pearce, (2004)
752:
748:
738:
736:
723:
722:
718:
708:
706:
705:on May 13, 2007
695:
691:
681:
679:
678:. July 10, 1994
670:
669:
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613:
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582:
572:
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561:
560:
556:
552:
514:Clear toy candy
505:
484:
460:cream of tartar
427:
358:
331:anecdotal cases
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145:
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122:
111:
105:
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59:
57:
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35:
24:
17:
12:
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5:
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2174:
2169:
2167:Intracavernous
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2017:
2012:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1969:
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1955:
1953:
1952:
1950:Nutrient enema
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1907:
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1428:
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1137:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1098:Mint chocolate
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1064:
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900:
885:
859:
845:
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759:
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716:
689:
663:
636:
606:
594:The Daily Meal
580:
553:
551:
548:
547:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
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511:
504:
501:
492:supersaturated
483:
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38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2238:Intramuscular
2236:
2234:
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2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2216:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2195:Intracerebral
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
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1088:Chocolate bar
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439:carbon chains
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282:ice lollipops
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162:Confectionery
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67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
2243:Intraosseous
2233:Intracardiac
2172:Intravitreal
2134:Injector pen
2129:Subcutaneous
2100:
2070:Jet injector
2055:Dermal patch
1868:Vaginal ring
1836:Insufflation
1588:Effervescent
1362:dosage forms
1259:
1250:Nicotine gum
1245:Cough sweets
1209:Marshmallows
1156:Gum industry
1123:Chocolaterie
913:
909:
903:
894:
888:
878:December 24,
876:. Retrieved
872:
862:
852:December 27,
850:. Retrieved
835:
828:
816:. Retrieved
810:
800:
792:
788:
778:December 27,
776:. Retrieved
772:the original
762:
754:
749:
737:. Retrieved
728:
719:
707:. Retrieved
703:the original
692:
680:. Retrieved
676:Deseret News
675:
666:
654:. Retrieved
650:the original
639:
627:. Retrieved
618:
609:
597:. Retrieved
593:
583:
571:. Retrieved
566:
557:
544:Whistle Pops
539:Tootsie Pops
485:
476:Tootsie Roll
472:
452:
428:
414:
410:
409:on a stick.
407:candy apples
396:
387:
385:
370:
339:
324:
321:
297:
279:
263:
245:
241:
237:
217:
215:
127:
112:
106:January 2019
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
2228:Intravenous
2215:Circulatory
2200:Intrathecal
2124:Intradermal
2116:transdermal
2083:Parenterals
1989:Topical gel
1945:Murphy drip
1923:Suppository
1811:Nasal spray
1745:Oxygen mask
1594:Chewing gum
1533:Oral mucosa
1166:Sugar candy
1133:Chewing gum
1004:Penny candy
994:Chewing gum
989:Sugar candy
977:By category
916:: 470–491.
818:January 17,
757:, page 183.
534:Stick candy
509:Chupa Chups
425:Ingredients
377:Middle Ages
373:confections
366:Tootsie Pop
308:Netherlands
275:candy canes
271:barbershops
222:sugar candy
2283:Categories
2088:Injections
1851:Urogenital
1787:Ophthalmic
1643:inhalation
1617:Toothpaste
1545:sublingual
1509:Suspension
1479:Herbal tea
1229:Jelly bean
1174:Hard candy
1141:Bubble gum
807:"lollipop"
573:August 19,
563:"Lollipop"
550:References
524:Hard candy
435:corn syrup
417:loli phaba
306:, and the
286:bubble gum
246:sticky-pop
226:hard candy
186:Variations
176:corn syrup
76:newspapers
65:"Lollipop"
2289:Lollipops
2093:infusions
2025:Liposomes
1821:Eye drops
1816:Ear drops
1727:Vaporizer
1722:Nebulizer
1612:Mouthwash
1541:sublabial
1464:Electuary
1454:Decoction
1291:Doughnuts
1260:Lollipops
1060:Chocolate
999:Chocolate
739:August 2,
709:March 24,
682:August 2,
656:March 24,
629:August 2,
599:August 2,
411:Red apple
342:analgesic
327:diet aids
180:flavoring
2264:PIC line
2205:Epidural
2045:Lip balm
2020:Hydrogel
2011:solution
1994:Liniment
1979:Ointment
1938:Hydrogel
1933:Solution
1918:Ointment
1858:Ointment
1831:Hydrogel
1826:Ointment
1622:Ointment
1583:Lozenges
1573:Lollipop
1519:Tincture
1504:Solution
1484:Hydrogel
1469:Emulsion
1411:Pastille
1296:Pastries
1286:Desserts
1224:Licorice
1194:Marzipan
1179:Caramels
930:22129345
733:Archived
623:Archived
519:Dum Dums
503:See also
443:aldehyde
346:fentanyl
290:mealworm
218:lollipop
190:Ice pops
132:Lollipop
1964:topical
1902:enteral
1863:Pessary
1693:Liquids
1666:Smoking
1604:Liquids
1499:Softgel
1446:Liquids
1406:Capsule
1383:enteral
1281:Cookies
1204:Praline
529:Pirulín
356:History
312:salmiak
304:Germany
298:In the
234:licking
230:sucking
172:Sucrose
90:scholar
2159:Organs
2040:Lotion
1960:Dermal
1898:Rectal
1873:Douche
1653:Solids
1590:tablet
1555:Solids
1537:buccal
1494:Powder
1459:Elixir
1401:Tablet
1393:Solids
1316:
1269:Sweets
1214:Nougat
1199:Dragée
1184:Toffee
928:
843:
468:butter
466:, and
447:ketone
403:Romani
350:opioid
293:larvae
242:sucker
199:
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
2299:Candy
2035:Cream
1999:Paste
1928:Enema
1880:(IUD)
1796:nasal
1718:(MDI)
1626:Spray
1514:Syrup
1276:Cakes
1219:Mints
1189:Taffy
1103:Fudge
1013:Lists
970:Candy
729:WebMD
464:honey
431:sugar
381:sugar
267:banks
252:Types
238:lolly
97:JSTOR
83:books
2260:pump
2112:Skin
2009:DMSO
2004:Film
1792:otic
1747:and
1568:Film
1370:Oral
926:PMID
880:2023
854:2013
841:ISBN
820:2012
780:2013
741:2021
711:2007
684:2021
658:2007
631:2021
601:2021
575:2007
445:and
433:and
158:Type
69:news
1737:Gas
918:doi
232:or
52:by
2285::
1794:,
1543:,
1539:,
1360:,
924:.
912:.
871:.
839:.
809:.
731:.
727:.
674:.
621:.
617:.
592:.
565:.
470:.
462:,
421:.
364:A
314:.
302:,
269:,
244:,
240:,
216:A
178:,
174:,
2217:,
2118:)
2114:(
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1962:(
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1900:(
1789:,
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1641:(
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920::
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856:.
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782:.
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713:.
686:.
660:.
633:.
603:.
577:.
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
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