85:
longeron system also requires that the fuselage frames be closely spaced (about every 4 to 6 in or 10 to 15 cm). If the longitudinal members are numerous (usually 50 to 100) and are placed just between two formers/frames, then they are called "stringers". In the stringer system the longitudinal members are smaller and the frames are spaced farther apart (about 15 to 20 in or 38 to 51 cm). Generally, longerons are of larger cross-section when compared to stringers. On large modern aircraft the stringer system is more common because it is more weight-efficient, despite being more complex to construct and analyze. Some aircraft use a combination of both stringers and longerons.
62:
20:
77:(also called frames) and run in the longitudinal direction of the aircraft. They are primarily responsible for transferring the aerodynamic loads acting on the skin onto the frames and formers. In the wings or horizontal stabilizer, longerons run spanwise (from wing root to wing tip) and attach between the
84:
Sometimes the terms "longeron" and "stringer" are used interchangeably. Historically, though, there is a subtle difference between the two terms. If the longitudinal members in a fuselage are few in number (usually 4 to 8) and run all along the fuselage length, then they are called "longerons". The
96:, where they carry a portion of the fuselage bending moment through axial loading. It is not uncommon to have a mixture of longerons and stringers in the same major structural component.
226:
88:
Longerons often carry larger loads than stringers and also help to transfer skin loads to internal structure. Longerons nearly always attach to frames or
265:
314:
891:
537:
931:
886:
831:
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951:
307:
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81:. The primary function here also is to transfer the bending loads acting on the wings onto the ribs and spar.
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43:
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53:. Longerons are used in conjunction with stringers to form structural frameworks.
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23:
Interior of a Boeing/Stearman PT-17 showing small channel section stringers
19:
1142:
1025:
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50:
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1005:
607:
459:
66:
116:
92:. Stringers often are not attached to anything but the
266:"Falcon 9 Launch Vehicle Payload User's Guide, Rev 2"
191:"Reconnaisance [sic] aircraft design project"
104:
Stringers are also used in the construction of some
322:
73:In an aircraft fuselage, stringers are attached to
244:
1257:
228:Analysis and Design of Flight Vehicle Structures
258:
308:
271:. 21 October 2015. p. 11. Archived from
42:The term is commonly used in connection with
164:"Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge"
123:tanks, on both the first and second stages.
39:is a load-bearing component of a framework.
234:. Tri-State Offset Company. p. C11.29.
224:
315:
301:
99:
60:
18:
132:
1258:
296:
115:launch vehicle uses stringers in the
65:Longerons, struts and stringers in a
16:Load-bearing component of a framework
156:
13:
254:. Conmilit Press LTD. p. 376.
14:
1282:
168:Federal Aviation Administration
1225:In-flight entertainment system
922:Horizontal situation indicator
238:
218:
182:
1:
188:
126:
1205:Environmental control system
7:
56:
10:
1287:
882:Course deviation indicator
573:Electro-hydraulic actuator
248:Airframe Structural Design
245:Michael C. Y. Niu (1988).
1172:
1151:
1113:Conventional landing gear
1084:
980:
815:
681:
518:
334:
111:tanks. For example, the
897:Flight management system
1200:Emergency oxygen system
962:Turn and slip indicator
757:Leading-edge droop flap
727:Drag-reducing aerospike
702:Adaptive compliant wing
697:Active Aeroelastic Wing
69:type fuselage structure
1271:Mechanical engineering
1240:Passenger service unit
1041:Self-sealing fuel tank
937:Multi-function display
206:Cite journal requires
119:tanks, but not in the
70:
24:
1220:Ice protection system
1138:Tricycle landing gear
1128:Landing gear extender
345:Aft pressure bulkhead
100:Space launch vehicles
64:
22:
1185:Auxiliary power unit
593:Flight control modes
225:Bruhn, E. F (1973).
1266:Aircraft components
1164:Escape crew capsule
1071:War emergency power
942:Pitot–static system
787:Variable-sweep wing
495:Vertical stabilizer
144:The Free Dictionary
872:Attitude indicator
852:Airspeed indicator
847:Aircraft periscope
71:
44:aircraft fuselages
25:
1253:
1252:
1180:Aircraft lavatory
917:Heading indicator
862:Annunciator panel
842:Air data computer
752:Leading-edge cuff
170:. August 24, 2016
1278:
1235:Navigation light
1215:Hydraulic system
1190:Bleed air system
1118:Drogue parachute
792:Vortex generator
410:Interplane strut
317:
310:
303:
294:
293:
288:
287:
285:
283:
278:on 14 March 2017
277:
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1276:
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1255:
1254:
1249:
1245:Ram air turbine
1210:Flight recorder
1168:
1147:
1080:
1061:Thrust reversal
985:
976:
947:Radar altimeter
912:Head-up display
822:
811:
707:Anti-shock body
689:
677:
538:Artificial feel
520:Flight controls
514:
380:Fabric covering
330:
326:components and
321:
291:
281:
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117:kerosene (RP-1)
102:
59:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1284:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1230:Landing lights
1227:
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1212:
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1202:
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1192:
1187:
1182:
1176:
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1170:
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1167:
1166:
1161:
1155:
1153:
1152:Escape systems
1149:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
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1090:arresting gear
1082:
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1046:Splitter plate
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365:Cruciform tail
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360:Crack arrestor
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208:|journal=
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106:launch vehicle
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1175:
1173:Other systems
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1165:
1162:
1160:
1159:Ejection seat
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1103:Arrestor hook
1101:
1099:
1098:Aircraft tire
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902:Glass cockpit
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868:
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837:Air data boom
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621:
619:
618:Rudder pedals
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475:Trailing edge
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455:Stressed skin
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185:
169:
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135:
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122:
121:liquid oxygen
118:
114:
110:
107:
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80:
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68:
63:
54:
52:
49:
45:
40:
38:
34:
30:
21:
1195:Deicing boot
1123:Landing gear
1066:Townend ring
1056:Thrust lever
1031:NACA cowling
996:Autothrottle
988:fuel systems
986:devices and
777:Stall strips
747:Krueger flap
717:Channel wing
663:Wing warping
653:Stick shaker
648:Stick pusher
568:Dual control
553:Centre stick
429:
420:Leading edge
390:Flying wires
350:Cabane strut
280:. Retrieved
273:the original
260:
247:
240:
227:
220:
199:cite journal
189:V, Vignesh.
184:
172:. Retrieved
158:
147:. Retrieved
143:
134:
103:
87:
83:
72:
41:
36:
32:
26:
1143:Tundra tire
1026:Intake ramp
957:Transponder
742:Gurney flap
683:Aerodynamic
598:Fly-by-wire
480:Triple tail
29:engineering
1260:Categories
1133:Oleo strut
1021:Inlet cone
1016:Gascolator
982:Propulsion
972:Yaw string
967:Variometer
823:instrument
802:Wing fence
737:Gouge flap
712:Blown flap
668:Yaw damper
643:Stabilator
628:Side-stick
563:Dive brake
450:Stabilizer
425:Lift strut
415:Jury strut
282:29 January
174:16 January
149:2018-05-15
140:"Longeron"
127:References
109:propellant
48:automobile
1108:Autobrake
1036:NACA duct
1011:Fuel tank
1001:Drop tank
984:controls,
867:Astrodome
857:Altimeter
722:Dog-tooth
687:high-lift
638:Spoileron
623:Servo tab
603:Gust lock
558:Deceleron
543:Autopilot
500:Wing root
485:Twin tail
470:Tailplane
405:Hardpoint
375:Empennage
338:structure
1076:Wet wing
1051:Throttle
797:Vortilon
658:Trim tab
588:Flaperon
578:Elevator
533:Airbrake
505:Wing tip
430:Longeron
400:Fuselage
336:Airframe
324:Aircraft
113:Falcon 9
57:Aircraft
37:stringer
33:longeron
1086:Landing
877:Compass
825:systems
817:Avionic
807:Winglet
690:devices
633:Spoiler
528:Aileron
510:Wingbox
435:Nacelle
385:Fairing
328:systems
75:formers
51:chassis
821:flight
782:Strake
613:Rudder
583:Elevon
548:Canard
490:V-tail
465:T-tail
395:Former
355:Canopy
1006:FADEC
892:EICAS
767:Slats
608:HOTAS
460:Strut
276:(PDF)
269:(PDF)
252:(PDF)
232:(PDF)
67:truss
1088:and
952:TCAS
932:ISIS
887:EFIS
832:ACAS
819:and
772:Slot
732:Flap
685:and
673:Yoke
445:Spar
370:Dope
284:2016
212:help
176:2023
94:skin
90:ribs
79:ribs
46:and
31:, a
927:INS
907:GPS
762:LEX
440:Rib
35:or
27:In
1262::
203::
201:}}
197:{{
166:.
142:.
316:e
309:t
302:v
286:.
214:)
210:(
193:.
178:.
152:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
